t).'.  •> 


'^^M'^^. 


B    3    t,5S    DIS 


'f^m'^M 


|jiMiMlM«itMl(Mil>l^^ 


ft'X''!*.'t'/yi'*;^\'ir^/f,'*^^''^^''.u>.*,'.'ifJV/U',wiv.^ur' 


^:^: t"C?''"|^n  H  Y 


Luinui  5 


3  1 1 


}j^m't<. 


mV'fif^^^^': 


O 


/f77 


The  Histoet 


OF 


Winnebago  Couhty,  III. 


ITS 


PAST  AND   PRESENT, 


CONTAINING 


A  History  of  the  County — Its  Cities,  Towns,  Etc.,  A  Biographical 

Directory  of  its  Citizens,  War  Record  o^  its  Yolunteers  in 

THE  late   Rebellion,    Portraits   of  Early   Settlers   and 

Prominent     Men,     General     and    Local    Statistics, 

History  of  the  IS^orthwest,  History  of  Illinois, 

Constitution  of  the  United  States,  Map  of 

Winnebago  County,  Miscellaneous 

Matters,   Etc.,   Etc. 


IIjIjXJST:Ei-A.TEnD. 


CHICAGO : 

H.  F.  KETT  &  CO.,  Cor.  5th  Ave.  and  Washington  St. 

1877. 


Preface. 


Less  than  fifty  j'cars  ago,  the  Rock  River  countrj'-,  now  so  replete  with  all  the  more 
advanced  accomplishments  of  civilization  and  intelligence,  was  an  unbroken  and  undis- 
turbed Indian  wild — the  hunting  grounds  of  that  tribe  of  red  men  from  whom  the  County 
of  Winnebago  derives  its  name.  The  only  white  man  known  to  have  had  a  home  here, 
previous  to  the  Fall  of  1834,  was  Stephen  Mack,  a  son  of  Vermont,  who,  with  that  spirit 
and  love  of  adventure  peculiarly  characteristic  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Great  West,  appears 
to  have  drifted  into  the  valley  of  Rock  River,  and  found  a  home  within  the  limits  of  the 
County  of  Winnebago,  as  early  as  1829.  Five  years  later,  in  the  month  of  August,  1834, 
two  other  sons  of  the  Eastern  States,  GEUM.\Nicrs  Kent  and  Thatcher  Blake,  born 
and  raised  in  almost  adjoining  states — Connecticut  and  Maine — but  never  knowing  each 
other  until  they  met  at  Galena,  both  en  route  for  the  same  objective  point,  anchored  tlieir 
light  canoe  at  the  mouth  of  a  small  creek  that  now  bears  the  name  of  one  of  these  men, 
(Kent,)  and  stepped  ashore  to  consecrate  the  grove-besprinkled  and  flower-bedecked  prairies 
to  the  uses  of  the  white  man. 

The  lapse  of  time  in  the  intervening  years  since  the  date  of  these  events,  the  changes 
that  have  followed,  have  not  been  without  their  history:  a  history  full  of  important  events, 
and  fraught  with  interest  to  the  sons  and  daughters  of  those  who  followed  in  the  footsteps 
of  Stephen.  Mack,  Germanicus  Kent  and  Thatcher  Blake  from  the  old  homes  in 
the  New  England  States  to  the  haunts  of  the  Winnebagoes,  and  whose  energy,  enterprise 
and  industry  have  made  tlie  fertile  valleys,  prairies  and  grove-covered  hillsides  of  half  a 
century  ago  to  abound  with  modern  acquirements,  intelligence,  wealth  and  prosperity. 

To  preserve  this  history  to  the  literature  of  the  county,  and  thus  hand  it  down  to 
posterity  as  a  completing  lipk  in  the  history  of  that  great  country  of  which  AVinnebago 
County  is  an  integral  part,  has  been  the  object  of  this  undertaking.  And  while  the  pub- 
lishers do  not  arrogate  to  themselves  a  degree  of  accuracy  beyond  criticism,  they  hope  to 
be  found  measurably  correct  in  their  compilation  and  arrangement  of  the  almost  inuumer 
able  incidents  that  have  been  swallowed  up  in  the  Past,  and  that  enter  so  largely  into  the 
Pkesp:nt  of  the  community  i-n  whose  interest  this  volume  is  written. 

Without  the  aid  and  assistance  of  the  survivors  of  the  pioneers  of  1834-5,  or  of  tlieii 
immediate  descendants,  and  numerous  notes  from  their  carefully  written  and  well  preserved 
diaries,  our  task  would  have  been  far  more  arduous  and  difficult.  To  the  patriarchs  of  the 
Past,  who  have  so  favored  us,  as  well  as  to  the  representative  men  of  the  Present,  we 
tender  our  grateful  acknowledgements.  Among  these  we  take  especial  pleasure  in  men- 
tioning the  names  of  Thatcher  Blake  (the  only  male  survivor  of  the  settlers  of  1834), 
James  B.  Martyn  (of  Belvidere),  Thomas  D.  Robertson,  Selden  M.  Church,  Goodyear 
A.  Sanford,  II.  R.  Enoch,  Esq.,  Editor  of  the  Rockford  Journal,  John  H.  Thurston  and 
A.  I.  Enoch,  whose  retentive  memories  have  added  largely  to  whatever  of  interest  may  be 
accredited  to  this  volume. 

The  undertaking  of  the  publishers  completed,  it  only  remains  for  them  to  tender  to 
the  people  of  Winnebago  County  in  general  their  obligations  and  acknowledgements  for 
the  uniform  kindness  and  courtesy  extended  to  them,  and  their  representatives  and  agents, 
during  the  preparation  of  these  annals,  as  well  as  for  their  liberal  patronage,  without  which 
this  history  would  have  been  left  buried  beneath  the  debris  of  time,  unwritten  and  unpre- 
served. 

Respectfully, 

II.  F.  Kett  &  Co., 

Chicago,  November,  1877.  Publishers. 


(ys^ 


W  ^  ^  ^'- 


c 


ONTENTS. 


HISTORirAI.. 


Page. 
History  Northwest  Territory..  19 

Geo'jr-.phical  Ptisiiioii 19 

Early  Explonitons     20 

Discovcrv  of  the  Ohio '6i 

Eniilish  Exploratious  and 

SeltUnuMits -...   35 

Anieriiau  St'ttlenieuts 60 

Division   of  the  Morthwest 

Territory ()6 

Teciuuseh  and  the  War  of 

1812   ro 

Black  Hawk  and  the  Black 

IlMwk  War :.. 74 

Other  Indian  Troubles  ....  79 
Present  Condition  of  the 

Northwest 87 

Illinois 99 

Indiana. 101 

Iowa - 102 

Michigan 103 

Wisconsin. 104 

Minnesota 106 

Nebraska 107 


Page. 

History  of  Illinois 109 

Coal - 125 

Compact  of  1787 117 

Chicago 13^ 

Early  Discoveries 109 

EarlV  Settlements 115 

Edncation 129 

French  Occupation 1)2 

Genius  of  La  Salle 113 

Material  Resources 124 

;Ma>sacre-at  Ft.  Dearborn, 141 

Physical  Features  121 

Pri"iL;regs  of  Development. 123 

Relii.'ion  and  Morals 128 

War  Record  130 

History  of  Winneba<ro  Co 221 

Ptiysical  Geography 226 

Geological   Formations... 227 

Economical   Geology 231 

Indian  Antiquities 232 

Gen-ral   History 234 

A'jricultural 285 

War  Record 310 


Page. 

History  of  Winnebago  Co. 

Old  Settler's  Association  349 

River   Improvements 354 

Educational 3.54 

Reli'jrious  Interests 359 

Court  House 362 

Official  Record 386 

Vote  of  County..  .394  and  395 
Property    Statement 396 

History  of  Towns :   * 

Argyle 4.54 

Cherry  Valley 443 

Durand 451 

Guilford 453 

Harrison 453 

Harlem      455 

New  Milford 455 

Pecatonica 439 

Rocklord -. 399 

Rockton - 445 

Roscoe 449 

Shirland 454 

Winnebago 430 


Page. 

Month  of  the  Mississippi 21 

Source  of  the  Mississippi 21 

Wild  Prairie 23 

La  Salle  Landing  on  the  Shore 

of  Green  Bay 25 

Buffalo  Hunt 27 

Trapping 29 

Hunting 32 

Iioquois  Chief. 34 

Poutiac,  the  Ottawa  Chieftain.  43 
Indians    Attacking  Frontiers- 
men      56 

A  Prairie  Storm 59 

A  Pioneer  Dwelling 61 

BreakiuL:  Prairie 63 

Tecumseh,the  Shawnoe  Chief- 
tain  69 


ILIilSTRATIOXN. 

Page. 
Indians  Attacking  a  Stockade.  72 
Black  Hawk,  the  Sac  Chieftain  75 

Big  Eagle 80 

Captain  Jack,the  Modoc  Chief- 
tain .     83 

Kinzie  House 85 

Villa-e  Residence 86 

.A   Repieseiitative  Pioneer 87 

Lincoln    Monument,    Spring- 
field, 111 88 

.■\  Pioneer  School   House 89 

Farm  View  in  the  Winter 90 

Spring  Scene 91 

Pioneers'  First  Winter 92 

Api)le  Harvest     94 

Great  Iron  Bridge  of  C,  R.  I. 


Page. 
and  P.  R.  R.,  Crossing  the 
Mississippi    at    Davenport, 

Iowa - - 96 

A  Western  Dwelling 100 

Hunting  Prairie  Wolves  in  an 

Early  Day 108 

Starved  Rock,  on  the   Illinois 

River.  La  Salle  Co.,  Ill 110 

An  Early  Settlen.ent 116 

Chieawoin  18:33 133 

Old  F(.rt  Dearl)orn,1830 136 

Present  Site  Lake  St.  Bridge, 

ChieaHO.  1833 136 

Ruins  of  Chicago 142 

View  of  the  City  of  Chicago. .144 
Shabbona 149 


LITHOGRAPHIC  PORTRAITS. 


Blake,  Thatcher 147 

Church.  S.  M .219 

Carpeuler,  Juo.  H 3'i7 

Carpc-ter.  Mary  L 387 

Cross.  R.J 317 

Coehian,  Geo 407 

Cam phell.  David 609 

Duiiwell.  C.  A 347 

Enoch.  H.  R 183 

Ferguson,  Duncan .467 

French,  Irvin 567 


Page. 

George,  San-pson 297 

Hooker,  Harley 287 

Herring,  J  no. 417 

Hollislcr,   Geo.  H... 447 

Haskell,  Geo 4.57 

Hussey.  D.J. ...505 

Jones,  J.  P 547 

K  e  i  I  h ,  L  e  w  i  8 367 

Lake,  Jno 397 

Lowiy,  M.  L 577 

Manny,  Juo.  P 165 


Page. 

Patterson,  A 337 

Perley,  Putnam 437 

Smith,  A.  E 201 

Talcott,  Wm ...2-37 

Talcott.  II.  W 247 

Talcott,  Wait 257 

Talcott,  Thos.  B 267 

Talcott,  Sylvester 277 

Thompson,  N.  C 477 

Vansickle,  Jno 327 


WIJfXEBAGO  COUNTT  WAR  RECORD. 


Page. 

Infantry 31,5 

8th 315 

i;th _ 315 

15th 319 

44th 320 

45th 322 

52d 324 

55th 325 


Page. 
Infantry. 

67th 326 

74th 329 

'JOth 336 

141st 339 

146th ■. ::-'39 

147th 340 

153d 341 


P.iGE. 

Miscellaneous  Infantry 342 

Cavalry .343 

8th 343 

11th UA 

12th .344 

17th 345 

Miscellaneous  Cavalry 346 

Artillery 346 


\l:^7iiSS'i 


VI 


CONTENTS. 


DIRECTORY. 


Tage. 
Banitt  Township 581 

Cberry  Valley  Township S39 

Duiaud  " 603 

Guilford  "  540 

JJarrison  "  594 

Harlem  "  028 


Page. 

Laona  Township 632 

New  Milford  Township 555 

Owen  "  (V£i 

Pecatonica  "  562 

Rockloid  Citv 456 

Rockford  Township 537 


Page. 

Rockton  Township 652 

Roscoe  "  618 

Seward  "  573 

Shirland        '•  663 

Winnebago  "  635 


ABSTRACT  OF  ILLINOIS  STATE  EAWS- 


Page. 

Adoption  of  Children 160 

Bills  of  Exchange  and  Prom- 
issory Notes 1.51 

County  Courts 155 

Conveyances 164 

Church  Organization 189 

Descent 151 

Deeds  and  Mortgages 1.57 

Drainage    163 

Damages  from  Trespass 169 

Definition  of  Com'rcial  Termsl73 
Exemptions  from  Forced  Sale, 156 

Estrays 1.57 

Fences    168 

Forms  : 

Articles  of  Agreement 175 

Bills  ot  Purchase.. 174 

Bills  of  Sale 176 


Forms:                                   Page. 
Bonds 176 

Chattel  iMortgages 177 

Codicil 189 

Lease  of  Farm  and  B"ld'gs,179 

Lease  of  House 18(1 

Landlord's  Agreement 180 

Notes 174 

Notice  Tenant  to  Quit 181 

Orders ...174 

Quit  Claim  Deed 185 

Receipt 174 

Real   Estate  Mortgage  to 
secure  paym't  of  Money, 181 

Release 186 

Tenant's    Agreement 180 

Tenant's  Notice  to  Quit. .181 

Warranty  Deed 182 

Will lfc7 


Page. 

Game 158 

Interest 151 

Jurisdiction  of  Courts 154 

Limitation' of  Action 155 

Landlord  and  Tenant 169 

Liens 172 

Married  Women 155 

Millers 159 

Marks  and  Brands 159 

Paupers 164 

Roads  and  Bridges 161 

Surveyors  and  Surveys 160 

Suggestion  toPersons  purchas- 
ing Books  by  Subscription  .190 

Taxes 154 

Wills  and  Estates 152 

Weights  and  Measures 158' 

Wolf  Scalps 164 


IVIISCEEEAIVEOITS. 


Page. 

Map  of  Winnebago  Co Front. 

Constitution  ot  United  Staiesl92 

Electors  of  President  and 
Vice-President.  1876 206 

Practical  Rules  for  every  day 
use 207 

U.  S.  Government  Land  Meas- 
ure   210 


Page. 

Surveyors  Measure 211 

How  to  keep  ac'counts .211 

Interest  Table 212 

Miscellaneous  Table 212 

Names  of  the  States  of  the 
Union  and  their  Significa- 
tions  213 

Population  of  the  U.  S 214 


TOO  liATES  AND  ERRATA. 


Page. 
Population  of  Fifty  Principal 

Cities  of  the  U.  S 214 

Population  and  Area  of  the 

United   States  215 

Population  oi    the  Principal 

Countries  in  the  World 215 

Population  Illinois. ...216  &  217 
Agricultural     Productions    of 

Illinois  by  Counties  1870  ...218 
668 


OtTAWAY   &    COLBBRT, 

PRINTERS, 
147  &  149  Fifth  Av.,  Chicago,  111. 


The    Northwest    Territory. 


GEOGRAPHICAL    POSITION. 

When  the  Northwestern  Territory  was  ceded  to  the  United  States 
by  Virginia  in  1784,  it  embraced  only  the  territory  lying  between  the 
Ohio  and  the  Mississippi  Rivers,  and  north  to  the  northern  limits  of  the 
United  States.  It  coincided  with  the  area  now  embraced  in  the  States 
of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Michigan,  Illinois,  Wisconsin,  and  that  portion  of 
Minnesota  lying  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  River.  The  United 
States  itself  at  that  period  extended  no  farther  west  than  the  Mississippi 
River ;  but  by  the  purchase  of  Louisiana  in  1803,  the  western  boundary 
of  the  United  States  was  extended  to  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  the 
Northern  Pacific  Ocean.  The  new  territory  thus  added  to  the  National 
domain,  and  subsequently  opened  to  settlement,  has  been  called  the 
"  New  Northwest,"  in  contradistinction  from  the  old  "  Northwestern 
Territory. " 

In  comparison  with  the  old  Northwest  this  is  a  territory  of  vast 
magnitude.  It  includes  an  area  of  1,887,850  square  miles  ;  being  greater 
in  extent  than  the  united  areas  of  all  the  Middle  and  Southern  States, 
including  Texas.  Out  of  this  magnificent  territory  have  been  erected 
eleven  sovereign  States  and  eight  Territories,  with  an  aggregate  popula- 
tion, at  the  present  time,  of  13,000,000  inhabitants,  or  nearly  one  third  of 
the  entire  population  of  the  United  States. 

Its  lakes  are  fresh-water  seas,  and  the  larger  rivers  of  the  continent 
flow  for  a  thousand  miles  through  its  rich  alluvial  valleys  and  far- 
stretching  prairies,  more  acres  of  which  are  arable  and  productive  of  the 
highest  percentage  of  the  cereals  than  of  any  other  area  of  like  extent 
on  the  globe. 

For  the  last  twenty  years  the  increase  of  population  in  the  North- 
west has  been  about  as  three  to  one  in  any  other  portion  of  the  United 
States. 

(19) 


20  THE   NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 


EARLY    EXPLORATIONS. 

In  the  year  1541,  DeSoto  first  saw  the  Great  West  in  the  New 
World.  He,  however,  penetrated  no  farther  north  than  the  35th  parallel 
of  latitude.  The  expedition  resulted  in  his  death  and  that  of  more  than 
half  his  army,  the  remainder  of  whom  found  their  way  to  Cuba,  thence 
to  Spain,  in  a  famished  and  demoralized  condition.  DeSoto  founded  no 
settlements,  produced  no  results,  and  left  no  traces,  unless  it  were  that 
he  awakened  the  hostility  of  the  red  man  against  the  white  man,  and 
disheartened  such  as  might  desire  to  follow  up  the  career  of  discovery 
for  better  purposes.  The  French  nation  were  eager  and  ready  to  seize 
upon  any  news  from  this  extensive  domain,  and  were  the  first  to  profit  by 
DeSoto's  defeat.  Yet  it  was  more  than  a  century  before  any  adventurer 
took  advantage  of  these  discoveries. 

In  1616,  four  years  before  the  pilgrims  "  moored  their  bark  on  the 
wild  New  England  shore,"  Le  Caron,  a  French  Franciscan,  had  pene- 
trated through  the  Iroquois  and  Wyandots  (Hurons)  to  the  streams  which 
run  into  Lake  Huron  ;  and  in  1634,  two  Jesuit  missionaries  founded  the 
first  mission  among  the  lake  tribes.  It  was  just  one  hundred  years  from 
the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi  by  DeSoto  (1541)  until  the  Canadian 
envoys  met  the  savage  nations  of  the  Northwest  at  the  Falls  of  St.  Mary, 
below  the  outlet  of  Lake  Superior.  This  visit  led  to  no  permanent 
result;  yet  it  was  not  until  1659  that  any  of  the  adventurous  fur  traders 
attempted  to  spend  a  Winter  in  the  frozen  wilds  about  the  great  lakes, 
nor  was  it  until  1660  that  a  station  Avas  established  upon  their  borders  by 
Mesnard,  who  perished  in  the  woods  a  few  months  after.  In  1665,  Claude 
Allouez  built  the  earliest  lasting  habitation  of  the  white  mau  among  the 
Indians  of  the  Northwest.  In  1668,  Claude  Dablon  and  James  Marquette 
founded  the  mission  of  Sault  Ste.  Marie  at  the  Falls  of  St.  Mary,  and  two 
years  afterward,  Nicholas  Perrot,  as  agent  for  M.  Talon,  Governor  Gen- 
eral of  Canada,  explored  Lake  Illinois  (Michigan)  as  far  south  as  the 
present  City  of  Chicago,  and  invited  the  Indian  nations  to  meet  him  at  a 
grand  council  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie  the  following  Spring,  where  they  were 
taken  under  the  protection  of  the  king,  and  formal  possession  was  taken 
of  the  Northwest.  This  same  year  Marquette  established  a  mission  at 
Point  St.  Ignatius,  where  was  founded  the  old  town  of  Michillimackinac. 

During  M.  Talon's  explorations  and  Marquette's  residence  at  St. 
Ignatius,  they  learned  of  a  great  river  away  to  the  west,  and  fancied 
— as  all  others  did  then — that  upon  its  fertile  banks  whole  tribes  of  God's 
children  resided,  to  whom  the  sound  of  the  Gospel  had  never  come. 
Filled  with  a  wish  to  go  and  preach  to  them,   and  in  compliance  with  a 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


21 


22 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


request  of  M.  Talon,  who  earnestly  desired  to  extend  the  domain  of  his 
king,  and  to  ascertain  whether  the  river  flowed  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico 
or  the  Pacific  Ocean,  Marquette  with  Joliet,  as  commander  of  the  expe- 
dition, prepared  for  the  undertaking. 

On  the  13th  of  May,  1673,  the  explorers,  accompanied  by  five  assist- 
ant French  Canadians,  set  out  from  Mackinaw  on  their  daring  voyage  of 
discovery.  The  Indians,  who  gathered  to  witness  their  departure,  were 
astonished  at  the  boldness  of  the  undertaking,  and  endeavored  to  dissuade 
them  from  their  purpose  by  representing  the  tribes  on  the  Mississippi  as 
exceedingly  savage  and  cruel,  and  the  river  itself  as  full  of  all  sorts  of 
frightful  monsters  ready  to  swallow  them  and  their  canoes  together.  But, 
nothing  daunted  by  these  terrific  descriptions,  Marquette  told  them  he 
was  willing  not  only  to  encounter  all  the  perils  of  the  unknown  region 
they  were  about  to  explore,  but  to  lay  down  his  life  in  a  cause  in  which 
the  salvation  of  souls  was  involved  ;  and  having  prayed  together  they 
separated.  Coasting  along  the  northern  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  the 
adventurers  entered  Green  Bay,  and  passed  thence  up  the  Fox  River  and 
Lake  Winnebago  to  a  village  of  the  Miamis  and  Kickapoos.  Here  Mar- 
quette was  delighted  to  find  a  beautiful  cross  planted  in  the  middle  of  the 
town  ornamented  with  white  skins,  red  girdles  and  bows  and  arrows, 
which  these  good  people  had  offered  to  the  Great  Manitou,  or  God,  to 
thank  him  for  the  pity  he  had  bestowed  on  them  during  the  Winter  in 
giving  them  an  abundant  "  chase."  This  was  the  farthest  outpost  to 
which  Dablon  and  Allouez  had  extended  their  missionary  labors  the 
year  previous.  Here  Marquette  drank  mineral  waters  and  was  instructed 
in  the  secret  of  a  root  which  cures  the  bite  of  the  venomous  rattlesnake. 
He  assembled  the  chiefs  and  old  men  of  the  village,  and,  pointing  to 
Joliet,  said :  "  My  friend  is  an  envoy  of  France,  to  discover  new  coun- 
tries, and  I  am  an  ambassador  from  God  to  enlighten  them  with  the  truths 
of  the  Gospel."  Two  Miami  guides  were  here  furnished  to  conduct 
them  to  the  Wisconsin  River,  and  they  set  out  from  the  Indian  village  on 
the  10th  of  June,  amidst  a  great  crowd  of  natives  who  had  assembled  to 
witness  their  departure  into  a  region  where  no  white  man  had  ever  yet 
ventured.  The  guides,  having  conducted  them  across  the  portage, 
returned.  The  explorers  launched  their  canoes  upon  the  Wisconsin, 
which  they  descended  to  the  Mississippi  and  proceeded  down  its  unknown 
waters.  What  emotions  must  have  swelled  their  breasts  as  they  struck 
out  into  the  broadening  current  and  became  conscious  that  they  were 
now  upon  the  bosom  of  ths  Father  of  Waters.  The  mystery  was  about 
to  be  lifted  from  the  long-sought  river.  The  scenery  in  that  locality  is 
beautiful,  and  on  that  delightful  seventeenth  of  June  must  have  been 
clad  in  all  its  primeval  loveliness  as  it  had  been  adorned  bv  the  hand  of 


THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


23 


Nature.  Drifting  rapidly,  it  is  said  that  the  bold  bluffs  on  either  hand 
"•  reminded  them  of  the  castled  shores  of  their  own  beautiful  rivers  of 
France."  By-and-by,  as  they  drifted  along,  great  herds  of  buffalo  appeared 
on  the  banks.  On  going  to  the  heads  of  the  valley  they  could  see  a 
country  of  the  greatest  beauty  and  fertility,  apparently  destitute  of  inhab- 
itants yet  presenting  the  appearance  of  extensive  manors,  under  the  fas- 
tidious cultivation  of  lordly  proprietors. 

m 


THE   WILD    PRAIEIE. 


On  June  25,  they  went  ashore  and  found  some  fresh  traces  of  men  upon 
the  sand,  and  a  path  which  led  to  the  prairie.  The  men  remained  in  the 
boat,  and  Marquette  and  Joliet  followed  the  path  till  they  discovered  a 
village  on  the  banks  of  a  river,  and  two  other  villages  on  a  hill,  within  a 
half  league  of  the  first,  inhabited  by  Indians.  They  were  received  most 
hospitably  by  these  natives,  who  had  never  before  seen  a  white  person. 
After  remaining  a  few  days  they  re-embarked  and  descended  the  river  to 
about  latitude  33°,  where  they  found  a  village  of  the  Arkansas,  and  being 
satisfied  that  the  river  flowed  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  turned  their  course 


24  THE   NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

up  the  river,  and  ascending  the  stream  to  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois, 
rowed  up  th.at  stream  to  its  source,  and  procured  guides  from  that  point 
to  the  lakes.  "  Nowhere  on  this  journe3%"  says  Marquette,  *'  did  we  see 
such  grounds,  meadows,  woods,  stags,  buffaloes,  deer,  wildcats,  bustards, 
swans,  ducks,  parroquets,  and  even  beavers,  as  on  the  Illinois  River." 
The  party,  without  loss  or  injury,  reached  Green  Bay  in  September,  and 
reported  their  discovery — one  of  the  most  important  of  the  age,  but  of 
which  no  record  was  preserved  save  Marquette's,  Joliet  losing  his  by 
the  upsetting  of  his  canoe  on  his  way  to  Quebec.  Afterward  Marquette 
returned  to  the  Illinois  Indians  by  their  request,  and  ministered  to  them 
until  1675.  On  the  18th  of  May,  in  that  year,  as  he  was  passing  the 
mouth  of  a  stream — going  with  his  boatmen  up  Lake  Michigan — he  asked 
to  land  at  its  mouth  and  celebrate  Mass.  Leaving  his  men  with  the  canoe, 
he  retired  a  short  distance  and  began  his  devotions.  As  much  time 
passed  and  he  did  not  return,  his  men  went  in  search  of  him,  and  found 
him  upon  his  knees,  dead.  He  had  peacefull}'-  passed  away  while  at 
prayer.  He  was  buried  at  this  spot.  Charlevoix,  who  visited  the  place 
fifty  years  after,  found  the  waters  had  retreated  from  the  grave,  leaving 
the  beloved  missionary  to  repose  in  peace.  The  river  has  since  been 
called  Marquette. 

While  Marquette  and  his  companions  were  pursuing  their  labors  in 
the  West,  two  men,  differing  widely  from  him  and  each  other,  were  pre- 
paring to  follow  in  his  footsteps  and  perfect  the  discoveries  so  well  begun 
by  him.     These  were  Robert  de  La  Salle  and  Louis  Hennepin. 

After  La  Salle's  return  from  the  discovery  of  the  Ohio  River  (see 
the  narrative  elsewhere),  he  established  himself  again  among  the  French 
trading  posts  in  Canada.  Here  he  mused  long  upon  the  pet  project  of 
those  ages — a  short  way  to  China  and  the  East,  and  was  busily  planning  an 
expedition  up  the  great  lakes,  and  so  across  the  continent  to  the  Pacific, 
when  Marquette  returned  from  the  Mississippi.  At  once  the  vigorous  mind 
of  LaSalle  received  from  his  and  his  companions'  stories  the  idea  that  by  fol- 
lowing the  Great  River  northward,  or  by  turning  up  some  of  the  numerous 
western  tributaries,  the  object  could  easily  be  gained.  He  applied  to 
Frontenac,  Governor  General  of  Canada,  and  laid  before  him  the  plan, 
dim  but  gigantic.  Frontenac  entered  warmly  into  his  plans,  and  saw  that 
LaSalle's  idea  to  connect- the  great  lakes  by  a  chain  of  forts  with  the  Gulf 
of  Mexico  would  bind  the  country  so  wonderfully  together,  give  un- 
measured power  to  France,  and  glory  to  himself,  under  whose  adminis- 
tration he  earnestly  hoped  all  would  be  realized. 

LaSalle  now  repaired  to  France,  laid  his  plans  before  the  King,  who 
warmly  approved  of  them,  and  made  him  a  Chevalier.  He  also  received 
from  all  the  noblemen  the  warmest  wishes  for  his  success.     The  Chev- 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


26 


alier  returned  to  Canada,  and  busily  entered  upon  his  work.  He  at 
once  rebuilt  Fort  Frontenac  and  constructed  the  first  ship  to  sail  on 
these  fresh-water  seas.  On  the  7th  of  August,  1679,  having  been  joined 
by  Hennepin,  he  began  his  voyage  in  the  Griffin  up  Lake  Erie.  He 
passed  over  this  lake,  through  the  straits  beyond,  up  Lake  St.  Clair  and 
into  Huron.  In  this  lake  they  encountered  heavy  storms.  They  were 
some  time  at  Michilliraackinac,  where  LaSalle  founded  a  fort,  and  passed 
on  to  Green  Bay,  the  "  Bale  des  Puans  "  of  the  French,  where  he  found 
a  large  quantity  of  furs  collected  for  him.  He  loaded  the  Griffin  with 
these,  and    placing  her  under  the    care  of  a,  pilot  and   fourteen    sailors. 


LA  SALLE    LANDING    ON    THE    SHORE    OF    GREEN    BAY. 

Started  her  on  her  return  voyage.  The  vessel  was  never  afterward  heard 
of.  He  remained  about  these  parts  until  early  in  the  Winter,  when,  hear- 
ing nothing  from  the  Griffin,  he  collected  all  his  men — thirty  working 
men  and  three  monks — and  started  again  upon  his  great  undertaking. 
By  a  short  portage  they  passed  to  the  Illinois  or  Kankakee,  called  by 
the  Indians,  "  Theakeke,"  wolf^  because  of  the  tribes  of  Indians  called 
by  that  name,  commonly  known  as  the  Mahingans,  dwelling  there.  The 
French  pronounced  it  Kiakiki,  which  became  corrupted  to  Kankakee. 
"  Falling  down  the  said  river  by  easy  journeys,  the  better  to  observe  the 
country,"  about  the  last  of  December  they  reached  a  village  of  the 
Illinois  Indians,  containing  some  five  hundred  cabins,  but  at  that  momen* 


26  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITOHY. 

no  inhabitants.  The  Seur  de  LaSalle  being  in  want  of  some  breadstuffs, 
took  advantage  of  the  absence  of  the  Indians  to  help  himself  to  a  suffi- 
ciency of  maize,  large  quantities  of  which  he  found  concealed  in  holes 
under  the  wigwams.  This  village  was  situated  near  the  present  village 
of  Utica  in  LaSalle  County,  Illinois.  The  corn  being  securely  stored, 
the  voyagers  again  betook  themselves  to  the  stream,  and  toward  evening, 
on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1680,  they  came  into  a  lake  which  must  have 
been  the  lake  of  Peoria.  This  was  called  by  the  Indians  Pim-i-te-wi,  that 
is,  a  place  where  there  are  many  fat  beasts.  Here  the  natives  were  met 
with  in  large  numbers,  but  they  were  gentle  and  kind,  and  having  spent 
some  time  with  them,  LaSalle  determined  to  erect  another  fort  in  that 
place,  for  he  had  heard  rumors  that  some  of  the  adjoining  tribes  were 
trying  to  disturb  the  good  feeling  which  existed,  and  some  of  his  men 
were  disposed  to  complain,  owing  to  the  hardships  and  perils  of  the  travel. 
He  called  this  fort  "  Crevecceur'''  (broken-heart),  a  name  expressive  of  the 
very  natural  sorrow  and  anxiety  which  the  pretty  certain  loss  of  his  ship, 
Griffin,  and  his  consequent  impoverishment,  the  danger  of  hostility  on  the 
part  of  the  Indians,  and  of  mutiny  among  his  own  men,  might  well  cause 
him.  His  fears  were  not  entirely  groundless.  At  one  time  poison  was 
placed  in  his  food,  but  fortunately  was  discovered. 

While  building  this  fort,  the  Winter  wore  away,  the  prairies  began  to 
look  green,  and  LaSalle,  despairing  of  any  reijiforcements,  concluded  to 
return  to  Canada,  raise  new  means  and  new  men,  and  embark  anew  in 
the  enterprise.  For  this  purpose  he  made  Hennepin  the  leader  of  a  party 
to  explore  the  head  waters  of  the  Mississippi,  and  he  set  out  on  his  jour- 
ney. This  journey  was  accomplished  with  the  aid  of  a  few  persons,  and 
was  successfully  made,  though  over  an  almost  unknown  route,  and  in  a 
bad  season  of  the  year.  He  safely  reached  Canada,  and  set  out  again  for 
the  object  of  his  search. 

Hennepin  and  his  party  left  Fort  CreveccEur  on  the  last  of  February, 
1680.  When  LaSalle  reached  this  place  on  his  return  expedition,  he 
found  the  fort  entirely  deserted,  and  he  was  obliged  to  return  again  to 
Canada.  He  embarked  the  third  time,  and  succeeded.  Seven  days  after 
leaving  the  fort,  Hennepin  reached  the  Mississippi,  and  paddling  up  the 
icy  stream  as  best  he  could,'reached  no  higher  than  the  Wisconsin  River 
by  the  11th  of  April.  Here  he  and  his  followers  were  taken  prisoners  by  a 
band  of  Northern  Indians,  who  treated  them  Avith  great  kindness.  Hen- 
nepin's comrades  were  Anthony  Auguel  and  Michael  Ako.  On  this  voy- 
age they  found  several  beautiful  lakes,  and  "  saw  some  charming  prairies." 
Their  captors  were  the  Isaute  or  Sauteurs,  Chippewas,  a  tribe  of  the  Sioux 
nation,  who  took  them  up  the  river  until  about  the  first  of  May,  when 
they  reached  some  falls,  which  Hennepin  christened  Falls  of  St.  Anthony 


THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


27 


in  honor  of  his  patron  yaint.  Here  they  took  the  land,  and  traveling 
nearly  two  hundred  miles  to  the  northwest,  brought  them  to  their  villages. 
Here  they  were  kept  about  three  months,  were  treated  kindly  by  their 
captors,  and  at  the  end  of  that  time,  were  met  by  a  band  of  Frenchmen, 


BUFFALO    HUNT. 

headed  by  one  Seur  de  Luth,  who,  in  pursuit  of  trade  and  game,  had  pene- 
trated thus  far  by  the  route  of  Lake  Superior ;  and  with  these  fellow- 
countrymen  Hennepin  and  his  companions  were  allowed  to  return  to  the 
borders  of  civilized  life  in  November,  1680,  just  after  LaSalle  had 
returned  to  the  wilderness  on  his  second  trip.  Hennepin  soon  after  went 
to  France,  where  he  published  an  account  of  his  adventures. 


28  THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

The  Mississippi  was  first  discovered  by  De  Soto  in  April,  1541,  in  his 
vain  endeavor  to  find  gold  and  precious  gems.  In  the  following  Spring, 
De  Soto,  weary  with  hope  long  deferred,  and  worn  out  with  his  wander- 
ings, he  fell  a  victim  to  disease,  and  on  the  21st  of  May  died.  His  followers, 
reduced  by  fatigue  and  disease  to  less  than  three  hundred  men,  wandered 
about  the  country  nearly  a  year,  in  the  vain  endeavor  to  rescue  them- 
selves by  land,  and  finally  constructed  seven  small  vessels,  called  brigan- 
tines,  in  which  they  embarked,  and  descending  the  river,  supposing  it 
would  lead  them  to  the  sea,  in  July  they  came  to  the  sea  (Gulf  of 
Mexico),  and  by  September  reached  the  Island  of  Cuba. 

They  were  the  first  to  see  the  great  outlet  of  the  Mississippi ;  but, 
being  so  weary  and  discouraged,  made  no  attempt  to  claim  the  country, 
and  hardly  had  an  intelligent  idea  of  what  they  had  passed    through. 

To  La  Salle,  the  intrepid  explorer,  belongs  the  honor  of  giving  the 
first  account  of  the  mouths  of  the  river.  His  great  desire  was  to  possess 
this  entire  country  for  his  king,  and  in  January,  1682,  he  and  his  band  of 
explorers  left  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan  on  their  third  attempt,  crossed 
the  portage,  passed  down  the  Illinois  River,  and  on  the  6th  of  February, 
reached  the  banks  of  the  Mississippi. 

On  the  13th  they  commenced  their  downward  course,  which  they 
pursued  with  but  one  interruption,  until  upon  the  6th  of  March  they  dis- 
covered the  three  great  passages  by  which  the  river  discharges  its  waters 
into  the  gulf.     La  Salle  thus  narrates  the  event : 

"  We  landed  on  the  bank  of  the  most  western  channel,  about  three 
leagues  (nine  miles)  from  its  mouth.  On  the  seventh,  M.  de  LaSalle 
went  to  reconnoiter  the  shores  of  the  neighboring  sea,  and  M.  de  Tonti 
meanwhile  examined  the  great  middle  channel.  They  found  the  main 
outlets  beautiful,  large  and  deep.  On  the  8th  we  reascended  the  river,  a 
little  above  its  confluence  with  the  sea,  to  find  a  dry  place  beyond  the 
ref^h  of  inundations.  The  elevation  of  the  North  Pole  was  here  about 
twenty-seven  degrees.  Here  we  prepared  a  column  and  a  cross,  and  to 
the  column  were  ajBfixed  the  arms  of  France  with  this  inscription : 

Louis  Le  Grand,  Roi  De  France  et  de  Navarre,  regne  ;  Le  neuvieme  Avril,  1682. 

The  whole  party,  under  arms,  chanted  the  Te  Deum^  and  then,  after 
a  salute  and  cries  of  "  Vive  le  Moi,^"  the  column  was  erected  by  M.  de 
LaSalle,  who,  standing  near  it,  proclaimed  in  a  loud  voice  the  authority  of 
the  King  of  France.  LaSalle  returned  and  laid  the  foundations  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi settlements  in  Illinois,  thence  he  proceeded  to  France,  where 
another  expedition  was  fitted  out,  of  which  he  was  commander,  and  in  two 
succeeding  voyages  failed  to  find  the  outlet  of  the  river  by  sailing  along 
the  shore  of  the  gulf.     On  his  third  voyage  he  was  killed,  through  the 


THE   NORTHWEST    TERRITOBY. 


29 


treachery  of  his  followers,  and  the  object  of  his  expeditions  was  not 
accomplished  until  1699,  when  D'Iberville,  under  the  authority  of  the 
crown,  discovered,  on  the  second  of  March,  by  way  of  the  sea,  the  mouth 
of  the  "  Hidden  River.''  This  majestic  stream  was  called  by  the  natives 
'•' Malbouchia,"    and   by   the  Spaniards,  '■'■la  ^alissade,''  from   the  great 


*^-^"^^.&@^lS«.^&fV"^* 


TRAPPING. 

number  of  trees  about  its  mouth.  After  traversing  the  several  outlets, 
and  satisfying  himself  as  to  its  certainty,  he  erected  a  fort  near  its 
western  outlet,  and  returned  to  France. 

An  avenue  of  trade  was  now  opened  out  which  was  fully  improved. 
In  1718,  New  Orleans  was  laid  out  and  settled  by  some  European  colon- 
ists. In  1762,  the  colony  was  made  over  to  Spain,  to  be  regained  by 
France  under  the  consulate  of  Napoleon.     In  1803,  it  was  purchased  by 


30  THE   NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

the  United  States  for  the  sum  of  fifteen  million  dollars,  and  the  territory 
of  Louisiana  and  commerce  of  the  Mississippi  River  came  under  the 
charge  of  the  United  States.  Although  LaSalle's  labors  ended  in  defeat 
and  death,  he  had  not  worked  and  suffered  in  vain.  He  had  thrown 
open  to  France  and  the  world  an  immense  and  most  valuable  country ; 
had  established  several  ports,  and  laid  the  foundations  of  more  than  one 
settlement  there.  "  Peoria,  Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia,  are  to  this  day  monu- 
ments of  LaSalle's  labors ;  for,  though  he  had  founded  neither  of  them 
(unless  Peoria,  which  was  built  nearly  upon  the  site  of  Fort  Crevecoeur,) 
it  was  by  those  whom  he  led  into  the  West  that  these  places  were 
peopled  and  civilized.  He  was,  if  not  the  discoverer,  the  first  settler  of 
the  Mississippi  Valley,  and  as  such  deserves  to  be  known  and  honored." 

The  French  early  improved  the  opening  made  for  them.  Before  the 
year  1698,  the  Rev.  Father  Gravier  began  a  mission  among  the  Illinois, 
and  founded  Kaskaskia.  For  some  time  this  was  merely  a  missionary 
station,  where  none  but  natives  resided,  it  being  one  of  three  such  vil- 
lages, tha  other  two  being  Cahokia  and  Peoria.  What  is  known  of 
these  missions  is  learned  from  a  letter  written  by  Father  Gabriel  Marest, 
dated  "  Aux  Cascaskias,  autrement  dit  de  I'lmmaculate  Conception  de 
la  Sainte  Vierge,  le  9  Novembre,  1712."  Soon  after  the  founding  of 
Kaskaskia,  the  missionary,  Pinet,  gathered  a  flock  at  Cahokia,  while 
Peoria  arose  near  the  ruins  of  Fort  Crevecceur,  This  must  have  been 
about  the  year  1700.  The  post  at  Vincennes  on  the  Oubache  river, 
(pronounced  Wa-ba,  meaning  summer  cloud  moving  siviftli/)  was  estab- 
lished in  1702,  according  to  the  best  authorities.*  It  is  altogether  prob- 
able that  on  LaSalle's  last  trip  he  established  the  stations  at  Kaskaskia 
and  (jahokia.  In  July,  1701,  the  foundations  of  Fort  Ponchartrain 
were  laid  by  De  la  Motte  Cadillac  on  the  Detroit  River.  These  sta- 
tions, with 'those  established  further  north,  were  the  earliest  attempts  to 
occupy  the  Northwest  Territory.  At  the  same  time  efforts  were  being- 
made  to  occupy  the  Southwest,  which  finally  culminated  in  the  settle- 
ment and  founding  of  the  City  of  New  Orleans  by  a  colony  from  England 
in  1718.  This  was  mainly  accomplished  through  the  efforts  of  the 
famous  Mississippi  Company,  established  by  the  notorious  John  Law, 
who  so  quickly  arose  into  prominence  in  France,  and  who  with  his 
scheme  so  quickly  and  so  ignominiously  passed  away. 

From  the  time  of  the  founding  of  these  stations  for  fifty  years  the 
French  nation  were  engrossed  with  the  settlement  of  the  lower  Missis- 
sippi, and  the  war  with  the  Chicasaws,  who  had,  in  revenge  for  repeated 

•  There  Is  considerable  dispute  about  this  date,  some  asserting  it  was  founded  as  late  as  1742.  When 
the  new  court  house  at  Vincennes  was  erected,  all  authorities  on  the  subject  were  carefully  examined,  and 
1703  fixed  upon  as  the  correct  date.    It  was  accordingly  engraved  on  the  corner-stone  of  the  court  house. 


THE   NORTHWEST    TERRITORY.  31 

injuries,  cut  off  the  entire  colony  at  Natchez.  Although  the  company 
did  little  for  Louisiana,  as  the  entire  West  was  then  called,  yet  it  opened 
the  trade  through  the  Mississippi  River,  and  started  the  raising  of  grains 
indigenous  to  that  climate.  Until  the  year  1750,  but  little  is  known  of 
the  settlements  in  the  Northwest,  as  it  was  not  until  this  time  that  the 
attention  of  the  English  was  called  to  the  occupation  of  this  portion  of  the 
New  World,  which  they  then  supposed  they  owned.  Vivier,  a  missionary 
among  the  Illinois,  writing  from  "  Aux  Illinois,"  six  leagues  from  Fort 
Chartres,  June  8,  1750,  says:  "We  have  'here  whites,  negroes  a^nd 
Indians,  to  say  nothing  of  cross-breeds.  There  are  five  French  villages, 
and  three  villages  of  the  natives,  within  a  space  of  twenty-one  leagues 
situated  between  the  Mississippi  and  another  river  called  the  Karkadaid 
(Kaskaskias).  In  the  five  French  villages  are,  perhaps,  eleven  hundred 
whites,  three  hundred  blacks  and  some  sixty  red  slaves  or  savages.  The 
three  Illinois  towns  do  not  contain  more  than  eight  hundred  souls  all 
told.  Most  of  the  French  till  the  soil;  they  raise  wheat,  cattle,  pigs  and 
horses,  and  live  like  princes.  Three  times  as  much  is  produced  as  can 
be  consumed ;  and  great  quantities  of  grain  and  flour  are  sent  to  New 
Orleans.''  This  city  was  now  the  seaport  town  of  the  Northwest,  and 
save  in  the  extreme  northern  part,  where  only  furs  and  copper  ore  were 
found,  almost  all  the  products  of  the  country  found  their  way  to  France 
by  the  mouth  of  the  Father  of  Waters.  In  another  letter,  dated  Novem- 
ber 7,  1750,  this  same  priest  says :  "  For  fifteen  leagues  above  the 
mouth  of  the  Mississippi  one  sees  no  dwellings,  the  ground  being  too  low 
to  be  habitable.  Thence  to  New  Orleans,  the  lands  are  only  partially 
occupied.  New  Orleans  contains  black,  white  and  red,  not  more,  I 
think,  than  twelve  hundred  persons.  To  this  point  come  all  lumber, 
bricks,  salt-beef,  tallow,  tar,  skins  and  bear's  grease  ;  and  above  all,  pork 
and  flour  from  the  Illinois.  These  things  create  some  commerce,  as  forty 
vessels  and  more  have  come  hither  this  year.  Above  New  Orleans, 
plantations  are  again  met  with ;  the  most  considerable  is  a  colony  of 
Germans,  some  ten  leagues  up  the  river.  At  Point  Coupee,  thirty -five 
leagues  above  the  German  settlement,  is  a  fort.  Along  here,  within  five 
or  six  leagues,  are  not  less  than  sixty  habitations.  Fifty  leagues  farther 
up  is  the  Natchez  post,  where  we  have  a  garrison,  who  are  kept  prisoners 
through  fear  of  the  Chickasaws.  Here  and  at  Point  Coupee,  they  raise 
excellent  tobacco.  Another  hundred  leagues  brings  us  to  the  Arkansas, 
where  we  have  also  a  fort  and  a  garrison  for  the  benefit  of  the  river 
traders.  *  *  *  From  the  Arkansas  to  the  Illinois,  nearly  five  hundred 
leagues,  there  is  not  a  settlement.  There  should  be,  however,  a  fort  at 
the  Oubache  (Ohio),  the  only  path  by  which  the  English  can  reach  the 
Mississippi.     In  the  Illinois  country  are  numberless  mines,  but  no  one  to 


32 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 


work  them  as  they  deserve."  Father  Marest,  writing  from  the  post  at 
Vincennes  in  1812,  makes  the  same  observation.  Vivier  also  says  :  "  Some 
individuals  dig  lead  near  the  surface  and  supply  the  Indians  and  Canada. 
Two  Spaniards  now  here,  who  claim  to  be  adepts,  say  that  our  mines  are 
like  those  of  Mexico,  and  that  if  we  would  dig  deeper,  we  should  find 
silver  under  the  lead  ;  and  at  any  rate  the  lead  is  excellent.  There  is  also 
in  this  country,  beyond  doubt,  copper  ore,  as  from  time  to  time  large 
pieces  are  found  in  the  streams." 

2^ 


HUNTING. 


At  the  close  of  the  year  1750,  the  French  occupied,  in  addition  to  the 
lower  Mississippi  posts  and  those  in  Illinois,  one  at  Du  Quesne,  one  at 
the  Maumee  in  the  country  of  the  Miamis,  and  one  at  Sandusky  in  what 
may  be  termed  the  Ohio  Valley.  In  the  northern  part  of  the  Northwest 
they  had  stations  at  St.  Joseph's  on  the  St.  Joseph's  of  Lake  Michigan, 
at  Fort  Ponchartrain  (Detroit),  at  Michillimackanac  or  Massillimacanac, 
Fox  River  of  Green  Bay,  and  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie.  The  fondest  dreams  of 
LaSalle  were  now  fully  realized.  The  French  alone  were  possessors  of 
this  vast  realm,  basing  their  claim  on  discovery  and  settlement.  Another 
nation,  however,  was  now  turning  its  attention  to  this  extensive  country, 


THK   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  33 

and  hearing  of  its  wealth,  began  to  lay  plans  for  occupying  it  and  for 
securing  the  great  profits  arising  therefrom. 

The  French,  however,  had  another  claim  to  this  country,  namely,  the 


DISCOVERY   OF   THE   OHIO. 

This  "  Beautiful "  river  was  discovered  by  Robert  Cavalier  de  La- 
Salle  in  1669,  four  years  before  the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi  by  Joliet 
and  Marquette. 

While  LaSalle  was  at  his  trading  post  on  the  St.  Lawrence,  he  found 
leisure  to  study  nine  Indian  dialects,  the  chief  of  which  was  the  Iroquois. 
He  not  only  desired  to  facilitate  his  intercourse  in  trade,  but  he  longed 
to  travel  and  explore  the  unknown  regions  of  the  West.  An  incident 
soon  occurred  which  decided   him  to  fit  out  an  exploring  expedition. 

While  conversing  with  some  Senecas,  he  learned  of  a  river  called  the 
Ohio,  which  rose  in  their  country  and  flowed  to  the  sea,  but  at  such  a 
distance  that  it  required  eight  months  to  reach  its  mouth.  In  this  state- 
ment the  Mississippi  and  its  tributaries  were  considered  as  one  stream. 
LaSalle  believing,  as  most  of  the  French  at  that  period  did,  that  the  great 
rivers  flowing  west  emptied  into  the  Sea  of  California,  was  anxious  to 
embark  in  the  enterprise  of  discovering  a  route  across  the  continent  to 
the  commerce  of  China  and  Japan.  ' 

He  repaired  at  once  to  Quebec  to  obtain  the  approval  of  the  Gov- 
ernor. His  eloquent  appeal  prevailed.  The  Governor  and  the  Intendant, 
Talon,  issued  letters  patent  authorizing  the  enterprise,  but  made  no  pro- 
vision to  defray  the  expenses.  At  this  juncture  the  seminary  of  St.  Sul- 
pice  decided  to  send  out  missionaries  in  connection  with  the  expedition, 
and  LaSalle  offering  to  sell  his  improvements  at  LaChine  to  raise  money, 
the  offer  was  accepted  by  the  Superior,  and  two  thousand  eight  hundred 
dollars  were  raised,  with  which  LaSalle  purchased  four  canoes  and  the 
necessary  supplies  for  the  outfit. 

On  the  6th  of  July,  1669,  the  party,  numbering  twenty-four  persons, 
embarked  in  seven  canoes  on  the  St.  Lawrence ;  two  additional  canoes 
carried  the  Indian  guides.  In  three  days  they  were  gliding  over  the 
bosom  of  Lake  Ontario.  Their  guides  conducted  them  directly  to  the 
Seneca  village  on  the  bank  of  the  Genesee,  in  the  vicinity  of  the  present 
City  of  Rochester,  New  York.  Here  they  expected  to  procure  guides  to 
conduct  them  to  the  Ohio,  but  in  this  they  were  disappointed. 

The  Indians  seemed  unfriendly  to  the  enterprise.  LaSalle  suspected 
that  the  Jesuits  had  prejudiced  their  minds  against  his  plans.  After 
waiting  a  month  in  the  hope  of  gaining  their  object,  they  met  an  Indian 


34 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


from  the  Iroquois  colony  at  the  head  of  Lake  Ontario,  who  assured  them 
that  they  could  there  find  guides,  and  offered  to  conduct  them  thence. 

On  their  way  they  passed  the  mouth  of  the  Niagara  River,  when  they 
heard  for  the  first  time  the  distant  thunder  of  the  cataract.     Arriving 


^^^^.^., 


IROyUOlS    OHIKF. 

among  the  Iroquois,  they  met  with  a  friendly  reception,  and  learned 
from  a  Shawanee  prisoner  that  they  could  reach  the  Ohio  in  six  weeks. 
Delighted  with  the  unexpected  good  fortune,  they  made  ready  to  resume 
their  journey  ;  but  just  as  they  were  about  to  start  they  heard  of  the 
arrival  of  two  Frenchmen  in  a  neighboring  village.  One  of  them  proved 
to  be   Louis  Joliet,   afterwards  famous  as  an  explorer  in  the  West.     He 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  35 

had  been  sent  by  the  Canadian  Government  to  explore  the  copper  mines 
on  Lake  Superior,  but  had  failed,  and  was  on  his  way  back  to  Quebec. 
He  gave  the  missionaries  a  map  of  the  country  he  had  explored  in  the 
lake  region,  together  with  an  account  of  the  condition  of  the  Indians  in 
that  quarter.  This  induced  the  priests  to  determine  on  leaving  tlie 
expedition  and  going  to  Lake  Superior.  LaSalle  warned  them  that  the 
Jesuits  were  probably  occupying  that  field,  and  that  they  would  meet 
with  a  cold  reception.  Nevertheless  they  persisted  in  their  purpose,  and 
after  worship  on  the  lake  shore,  parted  from  LaSalle.  On  arriving  at 
Lake  Superior,  they  found,  as  LaSalle  had  predicted,  the  Jesuit  Fathers, 
Marquette  and  Dablon,  occupying  the  field. 

These  zealous  disciples  of  Loyola  informed  them  that  they  wanted 
no  assistance  from  St.  Sulpice,  nor  from  those  who  made  him  their  patron 
saint ;  and  thus  repulsed,  they  returned  to  Montreal  the  following  June 
without  having  made  a  single  discovery  or  converted  a  single  Indian. 

After  parting  with  the  priests,  LaSalle  went  to  the  chief  Iroquois 
village  at  Onondaga,  where  he  obtained  guides,  and  passing  thence  to  a 
tributary  of  the  Ohio  south  of  Lake  Erie,  he  descended  the  latter  as  far 
as  the  falls  at  Louisville.  Thus  was  the  Ohio  discovered  by  LaSalle,  the 
persevering  and  successful  French  explorer  of  the  West,  in  1669. 

The  account  of  the  latter  part  of  his  journey  is  found  in  an  anony- 
mous paper,  which  purports  to  have  been  taken  from  the  lips  of  LaSalle 
himself  during  a  subsequent  visit  to  Paris.  In  a  letter  written  to  Count 
Froutenac  in  1667,  shortly  after  the  discovery,  he  himself  says  that  he 
discovered  the  Ohio  and  descended  it  to  the  falls.  This  was  regarded  as 
an  indisputable  fact  by  the  French  authorities,  who  claimed  the  Ohio 
Valley  upon  another  ground.  When  Washington  was  sent  by  the  colony 
of  Virginia  in  1753,  to  demand  of  Gordeur  de  St.  Pierre  why  the  French 
had  built  a  fort  on  the  Monongahela,  the  haughty  commandant  at  Quebec 
replied :  "  We  claim  the  country  on  the  Ohio  by  virtue  of  the  discoveries 
of  LaSalle,  and  will  not  give  it  up  to  the  English.  Our  orders  are  to 
make  prisoners  of  every  Englishman  found  trading  in  the  Ohio  Valley." 

ENGLISH  EXPLORATIONS  AND  SETTLEMENTS. 

When  the  new  year  of  1750  broke  in  upon  the  Father  of  Waters 
and  the  Great  Northwest,  all  was  still  wild  save  at  the  French  posts 
already  described.  In  1749,  when  the  English  first  began  to  think  seri- 
ously about  sending  men  into  the  West,  the  greater  portion  of  the  States 
of  Indiana,  Ohio,  Illinois,  Michigan,  Wisconsin,  and  Minnesota  were  yet 
under  the  dominion  of  the  red  men.    The  English  knew,  however,  pretty 


36  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

conclusively  of  the  nature  of  the  wealth  of  these  wilds.  As  early  as 
1710,  Governor  Spotswood,  of  Virginia,  had  commenced  movements  to 
secure  the  country  west  of  the  Alleghenies  to  the  English  crown.  In 
Pennsylvania,  Governor  Keith  and  James  Logan,  secretary  of  the  prov- 
ince, from  1719  to  1731,  represented  to  the  powers  of  England  the  neces- 
sity of  securing  the  Western  lands.  Nothing  was  done,  however,  b}-  that 
power  save  to  take  some  diplomatic  steps  to  secure  the  claims  of  Britain 
to  this  unexplored  wilderness. 

England  had  from  the  outset  claimed  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific, 
on  the  ground  that  the  discovery  of  the  seacoast  and  its  possession  was  a 
discovery  and  possession  of  the  country,  and,  as  is  well  known,  her  grants 
to  the  colonies  extended  "  from  sea  to  sea."  This  was  not  all  her  claim. 
She  had  purchased  from  the  Indian  tribes  large  tracts  of  land.  This  lat- 
ter was  also  a  strong  argument.  As  early  as  1684,  Lord  Howard,  Gov- 
ernor of  Virginia,  held  a  treaty  with  the  six  nations.  These  were  the 
great  Northern  Confederacy,  and  comprised  at  first  the  Mohawks,  Onei- 
das,  Onondagas,  Cayugas,  and  Senecas.  Afterward  the  Tuscaroras  Avere 
taken  into  the  confederacy,  and  it  became  known  as  the  Six  Nations. 
They  came  under  the  protection  of  the  mother  country,  and  again  in 
1701,  they  repeated  the  agreement,  and  in  September,  1726,  a  formal  deed 
was  drawn  up  and  signed  by  the  chiefs.  The  validity  of  this  claim  has 
often  been  disputed,  but  never  successfully.  In  1744,  a  purchase  was 
made  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  of  certain  lands  within  the  "  Colony  of 
Virginia,"  for  which  the  Indians  received  £200  in  gold  and  a  like  sum  in 
goods,  with  a  promise  that,  as  settlements  increased,  more  should  be  paid. 
The  Commissioners  from  Virginia  were  Colonel  Thomas  Lee  and  Colonel 
William  Beverly.  As  settlements  extended,  the  promise  of  more  pay  was 
called  to  mind,  and  Mr.  Conrad  Weiser  was  sent  across  the  mountains  with 
presents  to  appease  the  savages.  Col.  Lee,  and  some  Virginians  accompa- 
nied him  with  the  intention  of  sounding  the  Indians  upon  their  feelings 
regarding  the  English.  They  were  not  satisfied  with  their  treatment, 
and  plainly  told  the  Commissioners  why.  The  English  did  not  desire  the 
cultivation  of  the  country,  but  the  monopoly  of  the  Indian  trade.  In 
1748,  the  Ohio  Company  was  formed,  and  petitioned  the  king  for  a  grant 
of  land  beyond  the  Alleghenies.  This  was  granted,  and  the  government 
of  Virginia  was  ordered  to  orant  to  them  a  half  million  acres,  two  hun- 
dred  thousand  of  which  were  to  be  located  at  once.  Upon  the  12th  of 
June,  1749,  800,000  acres  from  the  line  of  Canada  north  and  west  was 
made  to  the  Loyal  Company,  and  on  the  29th  of  October,  1751,  100,000 
acres  were  given  to  the  Greenbriar  Company.  All  this  time  the  French 
were  not  idle.  They  saw  that,  should  the  British  gain  a  foothold  in  the 
West,  especially  upon  the  Ohio,  they  might  not  only  prevent  the  French 


THE   NOllTHWEST   TERRITORY.  37 

settling  upon  it,  but  in  time  Avould  come  to  the  lower  posts  and  so  gain 
possession  of  the  whole  country.  Upon  the  10th  of  May,  1774,  Vaud- 
reuil,  Governor  of  Canada  and  the  French  possessions,  well  knowing  the 
consequences  that  must  arise  from  allowing  the  English  to  build  trading- 
posts  in  the  Northwest,  seized  some  of  their  frontier  posts,  and  to  further 
secure  the  claim  of  the  French  to  the  West,  he,  in  1749,  sent  Louis  Cel- 
eron with  a  party  of  soldiers  to  plant  along  the  Ohio  River,  in  the  mounds 
and  at  the  mouths  of  its  principal  tributaries,  plates  of  lead,  on  which 
were  inscribed  the  claims  of  France.  These  were  heard  of  in  1752,  and 
within  the  memory  of  residents  now  living  along  the  "•  Oyo,"  as  the 
beautiful  river  was  called  by  the  French.  One  of  these  plates  was  found 
with  the  inscription  partly  defaced.  It  bears  date  August  16,  1749,  and 
a  copy  of  the  inscription  with  particular  account  of  the  discovery  of  the 
plate,  was  sent  by  DeWitt  Clinton  to  the  American  Antiquarian  Society, 
among  whose  journals  it  may  now  be  found.*  These  measures  did  not, 
however,  deter  the  English  from  going  on  with  their  explorations,  and 
though  neither  party  resorted  to  arms,  yet  the  conflict  was  gathering,  and 
it  was  only  a  question  of  time  when  the  storm  would  burst  upon  the 
frontier  settlements.  In  1750,  Christopher  Gist  was  sent  by  the  Ohio 
Company  to  examine  its  lands.  He  went  to  a  village  of  the  Twigtwees, 
on  the  Miami,  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles  above  its  mouth.  He 
afterward  spoke  of  it  as  very  populous.  From  there  he  went  down 
the  Ohio  River  nearly  to  the  falls  at  the  present  City  of  Louisville, 
and  in  November  he  commenced  a  survey  of  the  Company's  lands.  Dur- 
ing the  Winter,  General  Andrew  Lewis  performed  a  similar  work  for  the 
Greenbriar  Company.  Meanwhile  the  French  were  busy  in  preparing 
their  forts  for  defense,  and  in  opening  roads,  and  also  sent  a  small  party 
of  soldiers  to  keep  the  Ohio  clear.  This  party,  having  heard  of  the  Eng- 
lish post  on  the  Miami  River,  early  in  1652,  assisted  by  the  Ottawas  and 
Chippewas,  attacked  it,  and,  after  a  severe  battle,  in  which  fourteen  of 
the  natives  were  killed  and  others  wounded,  captured  the  garrison. 
(They  were  probably  garrisoned  in  a  block  house).  The  traders  were 
carried  away  to  Canada,  and  one  account  says  several  were  burned.  This 
fort  or  post  was  called  by  the  English  Pickawillany.  A  memorial  of  the 
king's  ministers  refers  to  it  as  "  Pickawillanes,  in  the  center  of  the  terri- 
tory between  the  Ohio  and  the  Wabash.  The  name  is  probably  some 
variation  of  Pickaway  or  Picqua  in  1773,  written  by  Rev.  David  Jones 
Pickaweke." 

*  The  following  is  a  translation  of  the  Inscription  on  the  plate:  "In  the  year  1749,  reign  of  Louis  XV., 
King  of  France,  we,  Celeron,  conir.iandant  of  a  cletachnient  by  Monsieur  the  Marquis  of  Galllsoniere,  com- 
maniler-in-chief  of  New  France,  to  establish  tranquility  in  certain  Indian  villages  of  these  cantons,  have 
buried  tliis  plate  at  the  confluence  of  the  Toradakoin,  this  twenty- ninth  of  July,  near  the  river  Ohio,  otherwise 
Beautiful  River,  as  a  monument  of  renewal  of  possession  which  we  have  taken  of  the  said  river,  and  all  its 
tributaries;  inasmuch  as  the  preceding  Kings  of  France  have  enjoyed  it,  and  maintained  it  by  their  arms  and 
treaties;  especially  by  those  of  Ryswick,  Utrecht,  and  Aix  LaChapelle." 


S8  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

This  was  the  first  blood  shed  between  the  French  and  English,  and 
occurred  near  the  present  City  of  Piqua,  Ohio,  or  at  least  at  a  point  about 
forty-seven  miles  north  of  Dayton.  Each  nation  became  now  more  inter- 
ested in  the  progress  of  events  in  the  Northwest.  The  English  deter- 
mined to  purchase  from  the  Indians  a  title  to  the  lands  they  wished  to 
occupy,  and  Messrs.  Fry  (afterward  Commander-in-chief  over  Washing- 
ton at  the  commencement  of  the  French  War  of  1775-1763),  Lomax  and 
Patton  were  sent  in  the  Spring  of  1752  to  hold  a  conference  with  the 
natives  at  Logstown  to  learn  what  they  objected  to  in  the  treaty  of  Lan- 
caster already  noticed,  and  to  settle  all  difficulties.  On  the  9th  of  June, 
these  Commissioners  met  the  red  men  at  Logstown,  a  little  village  on  the 
north  bank  of  the  Ohio,  about  seventeen  miles  below  the  site  of  Pitts- 
burgh. Here  had  been  a  trading  point  for  many  years,  but  it  was  aban- 
doned by  the  Indians  in  1750.  At  first  the  Indians  declined  to  recognize 
the  treaty  of  Lancaster,  but,  the  Commissioners  taking  aside  Montour, 
the  interpreter,  who  was  a  son  of  the  famous  Catharine  Montour,  and  a 
chief  among  the  six  nations,  induced  him  to  use  his  influence  in  their 
favor.  This  he  did,  and  upon  the  13th  of  June  they  all  united  in  signing 
a  deed,  confirming  the  Lancaster  treaty  in  its  full  extent,  consenting  to  a 
settlement  of  the  southeast  of  the  Ohio,  and  guaranteeing  that  it  should 
not  be  disturbed  by  them.  These  were  the  means  used  to  obtain  the  first 
treaty  with  the  Indians  in  the  Ohio  Valley. 

Meanwhile  the  powers  beyond  the  sea  were  trying  to  out-manceuvre 
each  other,  and  were  professing  to  be  at  peace.  The  English  generally 
outwitted  the  Indians,  and  failed  in  many  instances  to  fulfill  their  con- 
tracts. They  thereby  gained  the  ill-will  of  the  red  men,  and  further 
increased  the  feeling  by  failing  to  provide  them  with  arms  and  ammuni- 
tion. Said  an  old  chief,  at  Easton,  in  1758  :  "  The  Indians  on  the  Ohio 
left  you  because  of  your  own  fault.  When  we  heard  the  French  were 
coming,  we  asked  you  for  help  and  arms,  but  we  did  not  get  them.  The 
French  came,  they  treated  us  kindly,  and  gained  our  affections.  The 
Governor  of  Virginia  settled  on  our  lands  for  his  own  benefit,  and,  when 
we  wanted  help,  forsook  us." 

At  the  beginning  of  1653,  the  English  thought  they  had  secured  by 
title  the  lands  in  the  West,  but  the  French  had  quietly  gathered  cannon 
and  military  stores  to  be  in  readiness  for  the  expected  blow.  The  Eng- 
lish made  other  attempts  to  ratify  these  existing  treaties,  but  not  until 
the  Summer  could  the  Indians  be  gathered  together  to  discuss  the  plans 
of  the  French.  They  had  sent  messages  to  the  French,  warning  them 
away  ;  but  they  replied  that  they  intended  to  complete  the  chain  of  forts 
already  begun,  and  would  not  abandon  the  field. 

Soon  after  this,  no  satisfaction  being  obtained  from  the  Ohio  regard- 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  39 

ing  the  positions  and  purposes  of  the  French,  Governor  Dinwicldie  of 
Virginia  determined  to  send  to  them  another  messenger  and  learn  from 
them,  if  possible,  their  intentions.  For  this  purpose  he  selected  a  young 
man,  a  surveyor,  who,  at  the  early  age  of  nineteen,  had  received  the  rank 
of  major,  and  who  was  thoroughly  posted  regarding  frontier  life.  This 
personage  was  no  other  tlian  the  illustrious  George  Washington,  who  then 
held  considerable  interest  in  Western  lands.  He  was  at  this  time  just 
twenty-two  years  of  age.  Taking  Gist  as  his  guide,  the  two,  accompanied 
by  four  servitors,  set  out  on  their  perilous  march.  They  left  Will's 
Creek  on  the  10th  of  November,  1753,  and  on  the  22d  reached  the  Monon- 
gahela,  about  ten  miles  above  the  fork.  From  there  they  went  to 
Logstown,  where  Washington  had  a  long  conference  with  the  chiefs  of 
the  Six  Nations.  From  them  he  learned  the  condition  of  the  French,  and 
also  heard  of  their  determination  not  to  come  down  the  river  till  the  fol- 
lowing Spring.  The  Indians  were  non-committal,  as  they  were  afraid  to 
turn  either  way,  and,  as  far  as  they  could,  desired  to  remain  neutral. 
Washington,  finding  nothing  could  be  done  with  them,  went  on  to 
Venango,  an  old  Indian  town  at  the  mouth  of  French  Creek.  Here  the 
French  had  a  fort,  called  Fort  Machault.  Through  the  rum  and  flattery 
of  the  French,  he  nearly  lost  all  his  Indian  followers.  Finding  nothing 
of  importance  here,  he  pursued  his  way  amid  great  privations,  and  on  the 
11th  of  December  reached  the  fort  at  the  head  of  French  Creek.  Here 
he  delivered  Governor  Dinwiddle's  letter,  received  his  answer,  took  his 
observations,  and  on  the  16th  set  out  upon  his  return  journey  with  no  one 
but  Gist,  his  guide,  and  a  few  Indians  who  still  remained  true  to  him, 
notwithstanding  the  endeavors  of  the  French  to  retain  them.  Their 
homeward  journey  was  one  of  great  peril  and  suffering  from  the  cold,  yet 
they  reached  home  in  safety  on  the  6th  of  January,  1754. 

From  the  letter  of  St.  Pierre,  commander  of  the  French  fort,  sent  by 
Washington  to  Governor  Dinwiddle,  it  was  learned  that  the  French  would 
not  give  up  Avithout  a  struggle.  Active  preparations  were  at  once  made 
in  all  the  English  colonies  for  the  coming  conflict,  while  the  French 
finished  the  fort  at  Venango  and  strengthened  their  lines  of  fortifications, 
and  gathered  their  forces  to  be  in  readiness. 

The  Old  Dominion  was  all  alive.  Virginia  was  the  center  of  great 
activities ;  volunteers  were  called  for,  and  from  all  the  neighboring 
colonies  men  rallied  to  the  conflict,  and  everywhere  along  the  Potomac 
men  were  enlisting  under  the  Governor's  proclamation — which  promised 
two  hundred  thousand  acres  on  the  Ohio.  Along  this  river  they  were 
gathering  as  far  as  Will's  Creek,  and  far  beyond  this  point,  whither  Trent 
had  come  for  assistance  for  his  little  band  of  forty-one  men,  who  were 


40  THE   NOKTHWEST   TEKRITORY. 

working  away  in  hunger  and  want,  to  fortify  that  point  at  the  fork  of 
the  Ohio,  to  which  both  parties  were  looking  with  deep  interest. 

"  The  first  birds  of  Spring  filled  the  air  with  their  song ;  the  swift 
river  rolled  by  the  Allegheny  hillsides,  swollen  by  the  melting  snows  of 
Spring  and  the  April  showers.  The  leaves  were  appearing  ;  a  few  Indian 
scouts  were  seen,  but  no  enemy  seemed  near  at  hand ;  and  all  was  so  quiet, 
that  Frazier,  an  old  Indian  scout  and  trader,  who  had  been  left  by  Trent 
in  command,  ventured  to  his  home  at  the  mouth  of  Turtle  Creek,  ten 
miles  up  the  Monongahela.  But,  though  all  was  so  quiet  in  that  wilder- 
ness, keen  eyes  had  seen  the  low  intrenchment  rising  at  the  fork,  and 
swift  feet  had  borne  the  news  of  it  up  the  river ;  and  upon  the  morning 
of  the  17th  of  April,  Ensign  Ward,  who  then  had  charge  of  it,  saw 
upon  the  Allegheny  a  sight  that  made  his  heart  sink — sixty  batteaux  and 
three  hundred  canoes  filled  with  men,  and  laden  deep  with  cannon  and 
stores.  *  *  *  That  evening  he  supped  with  his  captor,  Contrecoeur, 
and  the  next  day  he  was  bowed  off  by  the  Frenchman,  and  with  his  men 
and  tools,  marched  up  the  Monongahela." 

The  French  and  Indian  war  had  begun.  The  treaty  of  Aix  la 
Chapelle,  in  1748,  had  left  the  boundaries  between  the  French  and 
English  possessions  unsettled,  and  the  events  already  narrated  show  the 
French  were  determined  to  hold  the  country  watered  by  the  Mississippi 
and  its  tributaries  ;  while  the  English  laid  claims  to  the  country  by  virtue 
of  the  discoveries  of  the  Cabots,  and  claimed  all  the  country  from  New- 
foundland to  Florida,  extending  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific.  The 
first  decisive  blow  had  now  been  struck,  and  the  first  attempt  of  the 
English,  through  the  Ohio  Company,  to  occupy  these  lands,  had  resulted 
disastrously  to  them.  The  French  and  Indians  immediately  completed 
the  fortifications  begun  at  the  Fork,  which  they  had  so  easily  captured, 
and  when  completed  gave  to  the  fort  the  name  of  DuQuesne.  Washing- 
ton was  at  Will's  Creek  when  the  news  of  the  capture  of  the  fort  arrived. 
He  at  once  departed  to  recapture  it.  On  his  way  he  entrenched  him- 
self at  a  place  called  the  "•  Meadows,"  where  he  erected  a  fort  called 
by  him  Fort  Necessity.  From  there  he  surprised  and  captured  a  force  of 
French  and  Indians  marching  against  him,  but  was  soon  after  attacked 
in  his  fort  by  a  much  superior  force,  and  was  obliged  to  yield  on  the 
morning  of  July  4th.     He  was  allowed  to  return  to  Virginia. 

The  English  Government  immediately  planned  four  campaigns;  one 
against  Fort  DuQuesne ;  one  against  Nova  Scotia ;  one  against  Fort 
Niagara,  and  one  against  Crown  Point.  These  occurred  during  1755-6, 
and  were  not  successful  in  driving  the  French  from  their  possessions. 
The  expedition  against  Fort  DuQuesne  was  led  by  the  famous  General 
Braddock,  who,  refusing  to  listen  to  the  advice  of  Washington  and  those 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  41 

acquainted  with  Indian  warfare,  suffered  such  an  inglorious  defeat.  This 
occurred  on  the  morning  of  July  9th,  and  is  generally  known  as  the  battle 
of  Monongahela,  or  "  Braddock's  Defeat."  The  war  continued  with 
various  vicissitudes  through  the  years  1756-7  ;  when,  at  the  commence- 
ment of  1758,  in  accordance  with  the  plans  of  William  Pitt,  then  Secre- 
tary of  State,  afterwards  Lord  Chatham,  active  preparations  were  made  to 
carry  on  the  war.  Three  expeditions  were  planned  for  this  year :  one, 
under  General  Amherst,  against  Louisburg  ;  another,  under  Abercrombie, 
against  Fort  Ticonderoga  ;  and  a  third,  under  General  Forbes,  against 
Fort  DuQuesne.  On  the  26th  of  July,  Louisburg  surrendered  after  a 
desperate  resistance  of  more  than  forty  days,  and  the  eastern  part  of  the 
Canadian  possessions  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  British.  Abercrombie 
captured  Fort  Frontenac,  and  when  the  expedition  against  Fort  DuQuesne, 
of  which  Washington  had  the  active  command,  arrived  there,  it  was 
found  in  flames  and  deserted.  The  English  at  once  took  possession, 
rebuilt  the  fort,  and  in  honor  of  their  illustrious  statesman,  changed  the 
name  to  Fort  Pitt. 

The  great  object  of  the  campaign  of  1759,  was  the  reduction  of 
Canada.  General  Wolfe  was  to  lay  siege  to  Quebec ;  Amherst  was  to 
reduce  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  General  Prideaux  was  to 
capture  Niagara.  This  latter  place  was  taken  in  July,  but  the  gallant 
Prideaux  lost  his  life  in  the  attempt.  Amherst  captured  Ticonderoga 
and  Crown  Point  without  a  blow  ;  and  Wolfe,  after  making  the  memor- 
able ascent  to  the  Plains  of  Abraham,  on  September  13th,  defeated 
Montcalm,  and  on  the  18th,  the  city  capitulated.  In  this  engagement 
Montcolm  and  Wolfe  both  lost  their  lives.  De  Levi,  Montcalm's  successor, 
marched  to  Sillery,  three  miles  above  the  city,  with  the  purpose  of 
defeating  the  English,  and  there,  on  the  28th  of  the  fuUowing  April,  was 
fought  one  of  the  bloodiest  battles  of  the  French  and  Indian  War.  It 
resulted  in  the  defeat  of  the  French,  and  the  fall  of  the  City  of  Montreal. 
The  Governor  signed  a  capitulation  by  which  the  whole  of  Canada  was 
surrendered  to  the  English.  This  practically  concluded  the  war,  but  it 
was  not  until  1763  that  the  treaties  of  peace  between  France  and  England 
were  signed.  This  was  done  on  the  10th  of  February  of  that  year,  and 
under  its  provisions  all  the  country  east  of  the  Mississippi  and  north  of 
the  Iberville  River,  in  Louisiana,  were  ceded  to  England.  At  the  same 
time  Spain  ceded  Florida  to  Great  Britain. 

On  the  13th  of  September,  1760,  Major  Robert  Rogers  was  sent 
from  Montreal  to  take  charge  of  Detroit,  the  only  remaining  French  post 
in  the  territory.  He  arrived  there  on  the  19th  of  Noveml)er,  and  sum- 
moned the  place  to  surrender.  At  first  the  commander  of  the  post, 
Beletre,  refused,  but  on  the  29th,  hearing  of  the  continued  defeat  of  the 


42  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

French  arms,  surrendered.  Rogers  remained  there  until  December  23d 
under  the  personal  protection  of  the  celebrated  chief,  Pontiac,  to  whom, 
no  doubt,  he  owed  his  safety.  Pontiac  had  come  here  to  inquire  the 
purposes  of  the  English  in  taking  possession  of  the  country.  He  was 
assured  that  they  came  simply  to  trade  with  the  natives,  and  did  not 
desire  their  country.  This  answer  conciliated  the  savages,  and  did  much 
to  insure  the  safety  of  Rogers  and  his  party  during  their  stay,  and  while 
on  their  journey  home. 

Rogers  set  out  for  Fort  Pitt  on  December  23,  and  was  just  one 
month  on  the  way.  His  route  was  from  Detroit  to  Maumee,  thence 
across  the  present  State  of  Ohio  directly  to  the  fort.  This  was  the  com- 
mon trail  of  the  Indians  in  their  journeys  from  Sandusky  to  the  fork  of 
the  Ohio.  It  went  from  Fort  Sandusky,  where  Sandusky  City  now  is, 
crossed  the  Huron  river,  then  called  Bald  Eagle  Creek,  to  "  Mohickon 
John's  Town"  on  Mohickon  Creek,  the  northern  branch  of  White 
Woman's  River,  and  thence  crossed  to  Beaver's  Town,  a  Delaware  town 
on  what  is  now  Sandy  Creek.  At  Beaver's  Town  were  probably  one 
hundred  and  fifty  warriors,  and  not  less  than  three  thousand  acres  of 
cleared  land.  From  there  the  track  went  up  Sandy  Creek  to  and  across 
Big  Beaver,  and  up  the  Ohio  to  Logstown,  thence  on  to  the  fork. 

The  Northwest  Territory  was  now  entirely  under  the  English  rule. 
New  settlements  began  to  be  rapidly  made,  and  the  promise  of  a  large 
trade  was  speedily  manifested.  Had  the  British  carried  out  their  promises 
with  the  natives  none  of  those  savage  butcheries  would  have  been  perpe- 
trated, and  the  country  would  have  been  spared  their  recital. 

The  renowned  chief,  Pontiac,  was  one  of  the  leading  spirits  in  these 
atrocities.  We  will  now  pause  in  our  narrative,  and  notice  the  leading 
events  in  his  life.  The  earliest  authentic  information  regarding  this 
noted  Indian  chief  is  learned  from  an  account  of  an  Indian  trader  named 
Alexander  Henry,  who,  in  the  Spring  of  1761,  penetrated  his  domains  as 
far  as  Missillimacnac.  Pontiac  was  then  a  great  friend  of  the  French, 
but  a  bitter  foe  of  the  English,  whom  he  considered  as  encroaching  on  his 
hunting  grounds.  Henry  was  obliged  to  disguise  himself  as  a  Canadian 
to  insure  safety,  but  was  discovered  by  Pontiac,  who  bitterly  reproached 
him  and  tlie  English  for  their  attempted  subjugation  of  the  West.  He 
declared  that  no  treaty  had  been  made  with  them ;  no  presents  sent 
them,  and  that  he  would  resent  any  possession  of  the  West  by  that  nation. 
He  was  at  the  time  about  fifty  years  of  age,  tall  and  dignified,  and  was 
civil  and  military  ruler  of  the  Ottawas,  Ojibwas  and  Pottawatamies. 

The  Indians,  from  Lake  Michigan  to  the  borders  of  North  Carolina, 
were  united  in  this  feeling,  and  at  the  time  of  the  treaty  of  Paris,  ratified 
February  10,  1763,  a   general  conspiracy  was  formed  to  fall  suddenly 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERKITOK.Y. 


43 


PONTIAC,  THE  OTTAWA  CHIEFTAIN. 


44  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

upon  the  frontier  British  posts,  and  with  one  blow  strike  every  man  dead. 
Pontiac  was  the  marked  leader  in  all  this,  and  was  the  commander 
of  the  Chippewas,  Ottawas,  Wyandots,  Miamis,  Shawanese,  Delawares 
and  Mingoes,  who  had,  for  the  time,  laid  aside  their  local  quarrels  to  unite 
in  this  enterprise. 

The  blow  came,  as  near  as  can  now  be  ascertained,  on  May  7,  176-^. 
Nine  British  posts  fell,  and  the  Indians  drank,  "  scooped  up  in  the  hollow 
of  joined  hands,"  the  blood  of  many  a  Briton. 

Pontiac's  immediate  field  of  action  was  the  garrison  at  Detroit. 
Here,  however,  the  plans  were  frustrated  by  an  Indian  woman  disclosing 
the  plot  the  evening  previous  to  his  arrival.  Everything  was  carried  out, 
however,  according  to  Pontiac's  plans  until  the  moment  of  action,  when 
Major  Gladwyn,  the  commander  of  the  post,  stepping  to  one  of  the  Indian 
chiefs,  suddenly  drew  aside  his  blanket  and  disclosed  the  concealed 
musket.  Pontiac,  though  a  brave  man,  turned  pale  and  trembled.  He 
saw  his  plan  was  known,  and  that  the  garrison  were  prepared.  He 
endeavored  to  exculpate  himself  from  any  such  intentions ;  but  the  guilt 
was  evident,  and  he  and  his  followers  were  dismissed  with  a  severe 
reprimand,  and  warned  never  to  again  enter  the  walls  of  the  post. 

Pontiac  at  once  laid  siege  to  the  fort,  and  until  the  treaty  of  peace 
betAveen  the  British  and  the  Western  Indians,  concluded  in  August,  1764, 
continued  to  harass  and  besiege  the  fortress.  He  organized  a  regular 
commissariat  department,  issued  bills  of  credit  written  out  on  bark, 
which,  to  his  credit,  it  may  be  stated,  were  punctually  redeemed.  At 
the  conclusion  of  the  treaty,  in  which  it  seems  he  took  no  part,  he  went 
further  south,  living  many  years  among  the  Illinois. 

He  had  given  up  all  hope  of  saving  his  country  and  race.  After  a 
time  he  endeavored  to  unite  the  Illinois  tribe  and  those  about  St.  Louis 
in  a  war  with  the  whites.  His  efforts  were  fruitless,  and  only  ended  in  a 
quarrel  between  himself  and  some  Kaskaskia  Indians,  one  of  whom  soon 
afterwards  killed  him.  His  death  was,  however,  avenged  by  the  northern 
Indians,  who  nearly  exterminated  the  Illinois  in  the  wars  which  followed. 

Had  it  not  been  for  the  treachery  of  a  few  of  his  followers,  his  plan 
for  the  extermination  of  the  whites,  a  masterly  one,  would  undoubtedly 
have  been  carried  out. 

It  was  in  the  Spring  of  the  year  following  Rogers'  visit  that  Alex- 
ander Henry  went  to  Missillimacnac,  and  everywhere  found  the  strongest 
feelings  against  the  English,  who  had  not  carried  out  their  promises,  and 
were  doing  nothing  to  conciliate  the  natives.  Here  he  met  the  chief, 
Pontiac,  who,  after  conveying  to  him  in  a  speech  the  idea  that  their 
French  father  would  awake  soon  and  utterly  destroy  his  enemies,  said : 
*'  Englishman,  although  you  have  conquered  the  French,  you  have  not 


THE   NOliTHWEST   TEKIMTORY.  45 

yet  conquered  us  !  We  are  not  your  slaves !  Those  lakes,  these  woods, 
these  mountains,  were  left  us  by  our  ancestors.  They  are  our  inheritance, 
and  we  will  part  with  them  to  none.  Your  nation  supposes  that  we,  like 
the  white  people,  can  not  live  without  bread  and  pork  and  beef.  But  you 
ought  to  know  that  He,  the  Great  Spirit  and  Master  of  Life,  has  provided 
food  for  us  upon  these  broad  lakes  and  in  these  mountains." 

He  then  spoke  of  the  fact  that  no  treaty  had  been  made  with  them, 
no  presents  sent  them,  and  that  he  and  his  people  were  yet  for  war. 
Such  were  the  feelings  of  the  Northwestern  Indians  immediately  after 
the  English  took  possession  of  their  country.  These  feelings  were  no 
doubt  encouraged  by  the  Canadians  and  French,  who  hoped  that  yet  the 
French  arms  might  prevail.  The  treaty  of  Paris,  however,  gave  to  the 
English  the  right  to  this  vast  domain,  and  active  preparations  were  going 
on  to  occupy  it  and  enjoy  its  trade  and  emoluments. 

In  1762,  France,  by  a  secret  treaty,  ceded  Louisiana  to  Spain,  to  pre- 
vent it  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  English,  who  were  becoming  masters 
of  the  entire  West.  The  next  year  the  treaty  of  Paris,  signed  at  Fon- 
tainbleau,  gave  to  the  English  the  domain  of  the  country  in  question. 
Twenty  years  after,  by  the  treaty  of  peace  between  the  United  States 
and  England,  that  part  of  Canada  lying  south  and  west  of  the  Great 
Lakes,  comprehending  a  large  territory  which  is  the  subject  of  these 
sketches,  was  acknowledged  to  be  a  portion  of  the  United  States  ;  and 
twenty  years  still  later,  in  1803,  Louisiana  was  ceded  by  Spain  back  to 
France,  and  by  France  sold  to  the  United  States. 

In  the  half  century,  from  the  building  of  the  Fort  of  Crevecoeur  by 
LaSalle,  in  1680,  up  to  the  erection  of  F'ort  Chartres,  many  French  set- 
tlements had  been  made  in  that  quarter.  These  have  already  been 
noticed,  being  those  at  St.  Vincent  (Vincennes),  Koliokia  or  Cahokia, 
Kaskaskia  and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  on  the  American  Bottom,  a  large  tract 
of  rich  alluvial  soil  in  Illinois,  on  the  Mississippi,  opposite  the  site  of  St. 
Louis. 

By  the  treaty  of  Paris,  the  regions  east  of  the  Mississippi,  including 
all  these  and  other  towns  of  the  Northwest,  were  given  over  to  England; 
but  they  do  not  appear  to  have  been  taken  possession  of  until  1765,  when 
Captain  Stirling,  in  the  name  of  the  Majesty  of  England,  established  him- 
self at  Fort  Chartres  bearing  with  him  the  proclamation  of  General  Gage, 
dated  December  30,  1764,  which  promised  religious  freedom  to  all  Cath- 
olics who  worshiped  here,  and  a  right  to  leave  the  country  with  their 
effects  if  they  wished,  or  to  remain  with  the  privileges  of  Englishmen. 
It  was  shortly  after  the  occupancy  of  the  West  by  the  British  that  the 
war  with  Pontiac  opened.  It  is  already  noticed  in  the  sketch  of  that 
chieftain.     By  it  many  a  Briton  lost  his  life,  and  many  a  frontier  settle- 


46  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

ment  in  its  infancy  ceased  to  exist.  This  was  not  ended  until  the  year 
1764,  when,  failing  to  capture  Detroit,  Niagara  and  Fort  Pitt,  his  confed- 
eracy became  disheartened,  and,  receiving  no  aid  from  the  French,  Pon- 
tiac  abandoned  the  enterprise  and  departed  to  the  Illinois,  among  whom 
he  afterward  lost  his  life. 

As  soon  as  these  difficulties  were  definitely  settled,  settlers  began 
rapidly  to  survey  the  country  and  prepare  for  occupation.  During  the 
year  1770,  a  number  of  persons  from  Virginia  and  other  British  provinces 
explored  and  marked  out  nearly  all  the  valuable  lands  on  the  Mononga- 
hela  and  along  the  banks  of  the  Ohio  as  far  as  the  Little  Kanawha.  This 
was  followed  by  another  exploring  expedition,  in  which  George  Washing- 
ton was  a  party.  The  latter,  accompanied  by  Dr.  Craik,  Capt.  Crawford 
and  others,  on  the  20th  of  October,  1770,  descended  the  Ohio  from  Pitts- 
burgh to  the  mouth  of  the  Kanawha  ;  ascended  that  stream  about  fourteen 
miles,  marked  out  several  large  tracts  of  land,  shot  several  buffalo,  which 
were  then  abundant  in  the  Ohio  Valley,  and  returned  to  the  fort. 

Pittsburgh  was  at  this  time  a  trading  post,  about  which  was  clus- 
tered a  village  of  some  twenty  houses,  inhabited  by  Indian  traders.  This 
same  year,  Capt.  Pittman  visited  Kaskaskia  and  its  neighboring  villages. 
He  found  there  about  sixty-five  resident  families,  and  at  Cahokia  only 
forty-five  dwellings.  At  Fort  Chartres  was  another  small  settlement,  and 
at  Detroit  the  garrison  were  quite  prosperous  and  strong.  For  a  year 
or  two  settlers  continued  to  locate  near  some  of  these  posts,  generally 
Fort  Pitt  or  Detroit,  owing  to  the  fears  of  the  Indians,  who  still  main- 
tained some  feelings  of  hatred  to  the  English.  The  trade  from  the  posts 
was  quite  good,  and  from  those  in  Illinois  large  quantities  of  pork  and 
flour  found  their  way  to  the  New  Orleans  market.  At  this  time  the 
policy  of  the  British  Government  was  strongly  opposed  to  the  extension 
of  the  colonies  west.  In  1763,  the  King  of  England  forbade,  by  royal 
proclamation,  his  colonial  subjects  from  making  a  settlement  beyond  the 
sources  of  the  rivers  which  fall  into  the  Atlantic  Ocean.  At  the  instance 
of  the  Board  of  Trade,  measures  were  taken  to  prevent  the  settlement 
without  the  limits  prescribed,  and  to  retain  the  commerce  within  easy 
reach  of  Great  Britain. 

The  commander-in-chief  of  the  king's  forces  wrote  in  1769  :  "  In  the 
course  of  a  few  years  necessity  will  compel  the  colonists,  should  they 
extend  their  settlements  west,  to  provide  manufactures  of  some  kind  for 
themselves,  and  when  all  connection  upheld  by  commerce  with  the  mother 
country  ceases,  an  independency  in  their  government  will  soon  follow."' 

In  accordance  with  this  policy.  Gov.  Gage  issued  a  proclamation 
in  1772,  commanding  the  inhabitants  of  Vincennes  to  abandon  their  set- 
tlements and  join  some  of  the  Eastern  English  colonies.     To  this  they 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  ~  47 

strenuously  objected,  giving  good  reasons  therefor,  and  were  allowed  ^to 
remain.  The  strong  opposition  to  this  policy  of  Great  Britain  led  to  its 
change,  and  to  such  a  course  as  to  gain  the  attachment  of  the  French 
population.  In  December,  1773,  influential  citizens  of  Quebec  petitioned 
the  king  for  an  extension  of  the  boundary  lines  of  that  province,  which 
was  granted,  and  Parliament  passed  an  act  on  June  2,  1774,  extend- 
ing the  boundary  so  as  to  include  the  territory  lying  within  the  present 
States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois  and  Michigan. 

In  consequence  of  the  liberal  policy  pursued  by  the  British  Govern- 
ment toward  the  French  settlers  in  the  West,  they  were  disposed  to  favor 
that  nation  in  the  war  which  soon  followed  with  the  colonies  ;  but  the 
early  alliance  between  France  and  America  soon  brought  them  to  the  side 
of  the  war  for  independence. 

In  1774,  Gov.  Dunmore,  of  Virginia,  began  to  encourage  emigration 
to  the  "Western  lands.  He  appointed  magistrates  at  Fort  Pitt  under  the 
pretense  that  the  fort  was  under  the  government  of  that  commonwealth. 
One  of  these  justices,  John  Connelly,  who  possessed  a  tract  of  land  in  the 
Ohio  Valley,  gathered  a  force  of  men  and  garrisoned  the  fort,  calling  it 
Fort  Dunmore.  This  and  other  parties  were  formed  to  select  sites  for 
settlements,  and  often  came  in  conflict  with  the  Indians,  who  yet  claimed 
portions  of  the  valley,  and  several  battles  followed.  These  ended  in  the 
famous  battle  of  Kanawha  in  July,  where  the  Indians  were  defeated  and 
driven  across  the  Ohio. 

During  the  years  1775  and  1776,  by  the  operations  of  land  companies 
and  the  perseverance  of  individuals,  several  settlements  were  firmly  estab- 
lished between  ths  Alleghanies  and  the  Ohio  River,  and  western  land 
speculators  were  busy  in  Illinois  and  on  the  Wabash.  At  a  council  held 
in  Kaskaskia  on  July  5,  1773,  an  association  of  English  traders,  calling 
themselves  the  "  Illinois  Land  Company,"  obtained  from  ten  chiefs  of  the 
Kaskaskia,  Cahokia  and  Peoria  tribes  two  large  tracts  of  land  lying  on 
the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  River  south  of  the  Illinois.  In  1775,  a  mer- 
chant from  the  Illinois  Country,  named.  Viviat,  came  to  Post  Vincennes 
as  the  agent  of  the  association  called  the  "  Wabash  Land  Company."  On 
the  8th  of  October  he  obtained  from  eleven  Piankeshaw  chiefs,  a  deed  for 
37,497,600  acres  of  land.  This  deed  was  signed  by  the  grantors,  attested 
by  a  number  of  the  inhabitants  of  Vincennes,  and  afterward  recorded  in 
the  office  of  a  notar}^  public  at  Kaskaskia.  This  and  other  land  com- 
panies had  extensive  schemes  for  the  colonization  of  the  West ;  but  all 
were  frustrated  by  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution.  On  the  20th  of 
April,  1780,  the  two  companies  named  consolidated  under  the  name  of  the 
"  United  Illinois  and  Wabash  Land  Company."     They  afterward  made 


48  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

strenuous  efforts  to  have  these  grants  sanctioned  by  Congress,  but  all 
signally  failed. 

When  the  War  of  the  Revolution  commenced,  Kentucky  was  an  unor- 
ganized country,  though  there  were  several  settlements  within  her  borders. 

In  Hutchins'  Topography  of  Virginia,  it  is  stated  lliat  at  that  time 
"  Kaskaskia  contained  80  houses,  and  nearly  1,000  white  and  black  in- 
habitants—  the  whites  being  a  little  the  more  numerous.  Cahokia  con- 
tains 50  houses  and  300  white  inhabitants,  and  80  negroes.  There  were 
east  of  the  Mississippi  River,  about  the  year  1771  " — when  these  observa- 
tions were  made  —  "  300  white  men  capable  of  bearing  arms,  and  280 
negroes." 

From  1775  until  the  expedition  of  Clark,  nothing  is  recorded  and 
nothing  known  of  these  settlements,  save  what  is  contained  in  a  report 
made  by  a  committee  to  Congress  in  June,  1778.  From  it  the  following- 
extract  is  made : 

"Near  the  mouth  of  the  River  Kaskaskia,  there  is  a  village  which 
appears  to  have  contained  nearly  eighty  families  from  the  beginning  of 
the  late  revolution.  There  are  twelve  iamilies  in  a  small  village  at  la 
Prairie  du  Rochers,  and  near  fifty  families  at  the  Kahokia  Village.  There 
are  also  four  or  five  families  at  Fort  Chartres  and  St.  Philips,  which  is  five 
miles  further  up  the  river.'' 

St.  Louis  had  been  settled  in  February,  1764,  and  at  this  time  con- 
tained, including  its  neighboring  towns,  over  six  hundred  whites  and  one 
hundred  and  fifty  negroes.  It  must  be  remembered  that  all  the  country 
west  of  the  Mississippi  was  now  under  French  nde,  and  remained  so  until 
ceded  again  to  Spain,  its  original  owner,  who  afterwards  sold  it  and  the 
country  including  New  Orleans  to  the  United  States.  At  Detroit  there 
were,  according  to  Capt,  Carver,  who  was  in  the  Northwest  from  L766  to 
1768,  more  than  one  hundred  houses,  and  the  river  was  settled  for  more 
than  twenty  miles,  although  poorly  cultivated — the  people  being  engaged 
in  the  Indian  trade.  This  old  town  has  a  history,  which  we  will  here 
relate. 

It  is  the  oldest  town  in  the  Northwest,  having  been  founded  by 
Antoine  de  Lamotte  Cadillac,  in  1701.  It  was  laid  out  in  the  form  of  an 
oblong  square,  of  two  acres  in  length,  and  an  acre  and  a  half  in  width. 
As  described  by  A.  D.  Frazer,  who  first  visited  it  and  became  a  permanent 
resident  of  the  place,  in  1778,  it  comprised  within  its  limits  that  space 
between  Mr.  Palmer's  store  (Conant  Block)  and  Capt.  Perkins'  house 
(near  the  Arsenal  building),  and  extended  back  as  far  as  the  public  barn, 
and  was  bordered  in  front  by  the  Detroit  River.  It  was  surrounded  by 
oak  and  cedar  pickets,  about  fifteen  feet  long,  set  in  the  ground,  and  had 
four  gates  —  east,  west,  north  and  south.     Over  the  first  three  of  these 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY.  49 

^ates  were  block  houses  provided  with  four  gans  apiece,  each  a  six- 
pounder.  Two  six-gun  batteries  were  planted  fronting  the  river  and  in  a 
parallel  direction  with  the  block  houses.  There  were  four  streets  running 
east  and  west,  the  main  street  being  twenty  feet  wide  and  the  rest  fifteen 
feet,  while  the  four  streets  crossing  these  at  right  angles  were  from  ten 
to  fifteen  feet  in  width. 

At  the  date  spoken  of  by  Mr.  Frazer,  there  was  no  fort  within  the 
enclosure,  but  a  citadel  on  the  ground  corresponding  to  the  present 
northwest  corner  of  Jefferson  Avenue  and  Wayne  Street.  The  citadel  was 
inclosed  by  pickets,  and  within  it  Vvcre  erected  barracks  of  wood,  two 
stories  high,  sufficient  to  contain  ten  officers,  and  also  barracks  sufficient 
to  contain  four  hundred  men,  and  a  provision  store  built  of  brick.  The 
citadel  also  contained  a  hospital  and  guard-house.  The  old  town  of 
Detroit,  in  17T8,  contained  about  sixty  houses,  most  of  them  one  story, 
with  a  few  a  story  and  a  half  in  height.  They  were  all  of  logs,  some 
hewn  and  some  round.  There  was  one  building  of  splendid  appearance, 
called  the  "  King's  Palace,"  two  stories  high,  which  stood  near  the  east 
gate.  It  was  built  for  Governor  Hamilton,  the  first  governor  commissioned 
by  the  British.  There  were  two  guard-houses,  one  near  the  w^est  gate  and 
the  other  near  the  Government  House.  Each  of  the  guards  consisted  of 
twenty-four  men  and  a  subaltern,  who  mounted  regularly  every  morning 
between  nine  and  ten  o'clock.  Each  furnished  four  sentinels,  who  were 
relieved  every  two  hours.  There  was  also  an  officer  of  the  day,  who  per- 
formed strict  duty.  Each  of  the  gates  was  shut  regularly  at  sunset ; 
even  wicket  gates  were  shut  at  nine  o'clock,  and  all  the  keys  were 
delivered  into  the  hands  of  the  commanding  officer.  They  were  opened 
in  the  morning  at  sunrise.  No  Indian  or  squaw  was  permitted  to  enter 
town  with  any  weapon,  such  as  a  tomahawk  or  a  knife.  It  was  a  stand- 
ing order  that  the  Indians  should  deliver  their  arms  and  instruments  of 
every  kind  before  they  were  permitted  to  pass  the  sentinel,  and  they  were 
restored  to  them  on  their  return.  No  more  than  twenty-five  Indians  were 
allowed  to  enter  the  town  at  any  one  time,  and  they  were  admitted  only 
at  the  east  and  west  gates.  At  sundown  the  drums  beat,  and  all  the 
Indians  were  required  to  leave  town  instantly.  There  was  a  council  house 
near  the  water  side  for  the  purpose  of  holding  council  with  the  Indians. 
The  population  of  the  town  was  about  sixty  families,  in  all  about  two 
hundred  males  and  one  hundred  females.  This  town  was  destroyed  by 
fire,  all  except  one  dwelling,  in  1805.  After  which  the  present  ''  new  " 
town  was  laid  out. 

On  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution,  the  British  held  every  post  of 
importance  in  the  West.  Kentucky  was  formed  as  a  component  part  of 
Virginia,  and  the  sturdy  pioneers  of  the  West,  alive  to  their  interests, 


50  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

and  recognizing  the  great  benefits  of  obtaining  the  control  of  the  trade  in 
this  part  of  the  New  World,  held  steadily  to  their  purposes,  and  those 
within  the  commonwealth  of  Kentucky  proceeded  to  exercise  their 
civil  privileges,  by  electing  John  Todd  and  Richard  Gallaway, 
burgesses  to  represent  them  in  the  Assembly  of  the  parent  state. 
Early  in  September  of  that  year  (1777)  the  first  court  was  held 
in  Harrodsburg,  and  Col.  Bowman,  afterwards  major,  who  had  arrived 
in  August,  was  made  the  commander  of  a  militia  organization  which 
had  been  commenced  the  March  previous.  Thus  the  tree  of  loyalty 
was  growing.  The  chief  spirit  in  this  far-out  colony,  who  had  represented 
her  the  year  previous  east  of  the  mountains,  was  now  meditating  a  move 
unequaled  in  its  boldness.  He  had  been  watching  the  movements  of  the 
British  throughout  the  Northwest,  and  understood  their  whole  plan.  He 
saw  it  was  through  their  possession  of  the  posts  at  Detroit,  Vincennes, 
Kaskaskia,  and  other  places,  which  would  give  them  constant  and  easy 
access  to  the  various  Indian  tribes  in  the  Northwest,  that  the  British 
intended  to  penetrate  the  country  from  the  north  and  south,  and  annihi- 
late the  frontier  fortresses.  This  moving,  energetic  man  was  Colonel, 
afterwards  General,  George  Rogers  Clark.  He  knew  the  Indians  were  not 
unanimously  in  accord  with  the  English,  and  he  was  convinced  that,  could 
the  British  be  defeated  and  expelled  from  the  Northwest,  the  natives 
might  be  easily  awed  into  neutrality  ;  and  by  spies  sent  for  the  purpose, 
he  satisfied  himself  that  the  enterprise  against  the  Illinois  settlements 
might  easily  succeed.  Having  convinced  himself  of  the  certainty  of  the 
project,  he  repaired  to  the  Capital  of  Virginia,  which  place  he  reached  on 
November  5th.  While  he  was  on  his  way,  fortunately,  on  October  17th, 
Burgoyne  had  been  defeated,  and  the  spirits  of  the  colonists  greatly 
encouraged  thereby.  Patrick  Henry  was  Governor  of  Virginia,  and  at 
once  entered  heartily  into  Clark's  plans.  The  same  plan  had  before  been 
agitated  in  the  Colonial  Assemblies,  but  there  was  no  one  until  Clark 
came  who  was  sufficiently  acquainted  with  the  condition  of  affairs  at  the 
scene  of  action  to  be  able  to  guide  them. 

Clark,  having  satisfied  the  Virginia  leaders  of  the  feasibility  of  his 
plan,  received,  on  the  2d  of  January,  two  sets  of  instructions — one  secret, 
the  other  open  —  the  latter  authorized  him  to  proceed  to  enlist  seven 
companies  to  go  to  Kentucky,  subject  to  his  orders,  and  to  serve  three 
months  from  their  arrival  in  the  West.  The  secret  order  authorized  him 
to  arm  these  troops,  to  procure  his  powder  and  lead  of  General  Hand 
at  Pittsburgh,  and  to  proceed  at  once  to  subjugate  the  country. 

With  these  instructions  Clark  repaired  to  Pittsburgh,  choosing  rather 
to  raise  his  men  west  of  the  mountains,  as  he  well  knew  all  were  needed 
in  the  colonies  in  the  conflict  there.     He  sent  Col.  W.  B.  Smith  to  Hoi- 


TBE   NORTHWEST   TERKITOKY.  61 

ston  for  the  same  purpose,  but  neither  succeeded  in  raising  the  required 
number  of  men.  The  settlers  in  these  parts  were  afraid  to  leave  their 
own  firesides  exposed  to  a  vigilant  foe,  and  but  few  could  be  induced  to 
join  the  proposed  expedition.  With  three  companies  and  several  private 
volunteers,  Clark  at  length  commenced  his  descent  of  the  Ohio,  which  he 
navigated  as  far  as  the  Falls,  where  he  took  possession  of  and  fortified 
Corn  Island,  a  small  island  between  the  present  Cities  of  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  and  New  Albany,  Indiana.  Remains  of  this  fortification  may 
yet  be  found.  At  this  place  he  appointed  Col.  Bowman  to  meet  him 
with  such  recruits  as  had  reached  Kentucky  by  the  southern  route,  and 
as  many  as  could  be  spared  from  the  station.  Here  he  announced  to 
the  men  their  real  destination.  Having  completed  his  arrangements, 
and  chosen  his  party,  he  left  a  small  garrison  upon  the  island,  and  on  the 
24th  of  June,  during  a  total  eclipse  of  the  sun,  which  to  them  augured 
no  good,  and  which  fixes  beyond  dispute  the  date  of  starting,  he  with 
liis  chosen  band,  fell  down  the  river.  His  j)lan  was  to  go  by  water  as 
far  as  Fort  Massac  or  Massacre,  and  thence  march  direct  to  Kaskaskia. 
Here  he  intended  to  surprise  the  garrison,  and  after  its  capture  go  to 
Cahokia,  then  to  Vincennes,  and  lastly  to  Detroit.  Should  he  fail,  he 
intended  to  march  directly  to  the  Mississippi  River  and  cross  it  into  the 
Spanish  country.  Before  his  start  he  received  two  good  items  of  infor- 
mation :  one  that  the  alliance  had  been  formed  between  France  and  the 
United  States ;  and  the  other  that  the  Indians  throughout  the  Illinois 
country  and  the  inhabitants,  at  the  various  frontier  posts,  had  been  led  to 
believe  by  the  British  that  the  "  Long  Knives"  or  Virginians,  were  the 
most  fierce,  bloodthirsty  and  cruel  savages  that  ever  scalped  a  foe.  With 
this  impression  on  their  minds,  Clark  saw  that  proper  management  would 
cause  them  to  submit  at  once  from  fear,  if  surprised,  and  then  from  grati- 
tude would  become  friendly  if  treated  with  unexpected  leniency. 

The  march  to  Kaskaskia  was  accomplished  through  a  hot  July  sun, 
and  the  town  reached  on  the  evening  of  July  4.  He  captured  the  fort 
near  the  village,  and  soon  after  the  village  itself  by  surprise,  and  without 
the  loss  of  a  single  man  or  by  killing  any  of  the  enemy.  After  sufihciently 
working  upon  the  fears  of  the  natives,  Clark  told  them  they  were  at  per- 
fect liberty  to  worship  as  they  pleased,  and  to  take  whichever  side  of  the 
great  conflict  they  would,  also  he  would  protect  them  from  any  barbarity 
from  British  or  Indian  foe.  This  had  the  desired  effect,  and  the  inhab- 
itants, so  unexpectedly  and  so  gratefully  surprised  by  the  imlooked 
for  turn  of  affairs,  at  once  swore  allegiance  to  the  American  arms,  and 
when  Clark  desired  to  go  to  Cahokia  on  the  6th  of  July,  they  accom- 
panied him,  and  through  their  influence  the  inhabitants  of  the  place 
surrendered,  and  gladly  placed  themselves  under  his  protection.     Thus 


52  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

the  two  important  posts  in  Illinois  passed  from  the  hands  of  the  English 
into  the  possession  of  Virginia. 

In  the  person  of  the  priest  at  Kaskaskia,  M.  Gibault,  Clark  found  a 
powerful  ally  and  generous  friend.  Clark  saw  that,  to  retain  possession 
of  the  Northwest  and  treat  successfully  with  the  Indians  within  its  boun- 
daries, he  must  establish  a  government  for  the  colonies  he  had  taken. 
St.  Vincent,  the  next  important  post  to  Detroit, remained  yet  to  be  taken 
before  the  Mississippi  Valley  was  conquered.  M.  Gibault  told  him  that 
he  would  alone,  by  persuasion,  lead  Vincennes  to  throw  off  its  connection 
with  England.  Clark  gladly  accepted  his  offer,  and  on  the  14th  of  July, 
in  company  with  a  fellow-townsman,  M.  Gibault  started  on  his  mission  of 
peace,  and  on  the  1st  of  August  returned  with  the  cheerful  intelligence 
that  the  post  on  the  "  Oubache  "  had  taken  the  oath  of  allegiance  to 
the  Old  Dominion.  During  this  interval,  Clark  established  his  courts, 
placed  garrisons  at  Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia,  successfully  re-enlisted  his 
men,  sent  word  to  have  a  fort,  which  proved  the  germ  of  Louisville, 
erected  at  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio,  and  dispatched  Mr.  Rocheblave,  who 
had  been  commander  at  Kaskaskia,  as  a  prisoner  of  war  to  Richmond. 
In  October  the  County  of  Illinois  was  established  by  the  Legislature 
of  Virginia,  John  Todd  appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel  and  Civil  Governor, 
and  in  November  General  Clark  and  his  men  received  the  thanks  of 
the  Old  Dominion  through  their  Legislature. 

In  a  speech  a  few  days  afterward,  Clark  made  known  fully  to  the 
natives  his  plans,  and  at  its  close  all  came  forward  and  swore  alle- 
giance to  the  Long  Knives.  While  he  was  doing  this  Governor  Hamilton, 
having  made  his  various  arrangements,  had  left  Detroit  and  moved  down 
the  Wabash  to  Vincennes  intending  to  operate  from  that  point  in  reducing 
the  Illinois  posts,  and  then  proceed  on  down  to  Kentucky  and  drive  the 
rebels  from  the  West.  Gen.  Clark  had,  on  the  return  of  M.  Gibault, 
dispatched  Captain  Helm,  of  Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  with  an  attend- 
ant named  Henry,  across  the  Illinois  prairies  to  command  the  fort. 
Hamilton  knew  nothing  of  the  capitulation  of  the  post,  and  was  greatly 
surprised  on  his  arrival  to  be  confronted  by  Capt.  Helm,  who,  standing  at 
the  entrance  of  the  fort  by  a  loaded  cannon  ready  to  fire  upon  his  assail- 
ants, demanded  upon  what  terms  Hamilton  demanded  possession  of  the 
fort.  Being  granted  the  rights  of  a  prisoner  of  war,  he  surrendered  to 
the  British  General,  who  could  scarcely  believe  his  eyes  when  he  saw  the 
force  in  the  garrison. 

Hamilton,  not  realizing  the  character  of  the  men  with  whom  he  was 
contending,  gave  up  his  intended  campaign  for  the  Winter,  sent  his  four 
hundred  Indian  warriors  to  prevent  troops  from  coming  down  the  Ohio, 


THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITOKY.  53 

and  to  annoy  the  Americans  in  ;iH  ways,  and  sat  qnietly  down  to  pass  the 
Winter.  Information  of  all  these  proceedings  having  reached  Clark,  he 
saw  that  immediate  and  decisive  action  was  necessary,  and  that*  unless 
he  captured  Hamilton,  Hamilton  would  capture  him.  Clark  received  the 
news  on  the  20th  of  January,  1779,  and  on  February  4th,  having  sufl&- 
cientl}"^  garrisoned  Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia,  he  sent  down  the  Mississippi 
a  ''  battoe,"  as  Major  Bowman  writes  it,  in  order  to  ascend  the  Ohio  and 
Wabash,  and  operate  with  the  land  forces  gathering  for  the  fray. 

On  the  next  day,  Clark,  with  his  little  force  of  one  hundred  and 
twenty  men,  set  out  for  the  post,  and  after  incredible  hard  marching 
through  much  mud,  the  ground  beingv  thawed  by  the  incessant  spring 
rains,  on  the  22d  reached  the  fort,  and  being  joined  by  his  "  battoe,"  at 
once  commenced  the  attack  on  the  post.  The  aim  of  the  American  back- 
woodsman was  unerring,  and  on  the  24th  the  garrison  surrendered  to  the 
intrepid  boldness  of  Clark.  The  French  were  treated  with  great  kind- 
ness, and  gladly  renewed  their  allegiance  to  Virginia.  Hamilton  was 
sent  as  a  prisoner  to  Virginia,  where  he  was  kept  in  close  confinement. 
During  his  command  of  the  British  frontier  posts,  he  had  offered  prizes 
to  the  Indians  for  all  the  scalps  of  Americans  they  would  bring  to  him, 
and  had  earned  in  consequence  thereof  the  title  "  Hair-buyer  General," 
by  which  he  was  ever  afterward  known. 

Detroit  was  now  without  doubt  within  easy  reach  of  the  enterprising 
Virginian,  could  he  but  raise  the  necessary  force.  Governor  Henry  being 
apprised  of  this,  promised  him  the  needed  reinforcement,  and  Clark  con- 
cluded to  wait  until  he  could  capture  and  sufficiently  garrison  the  posts. 
Had  Clark  failed  in  this  bold  undertaking,  and  Hamilton  succeeded  in 
uniting  the  western  Indians  for  the  next  Spring's  campaign,  the  West 
would  indeed  have  been  swept  from  the  Mississippi  to  the  Allegheny 
Mountains,  and  the  great  blow  struck,  which  had  been  contemplated  from 
the  commencement,  by  the  British. 

"  But  for  this  small  army  of  dripping,  but  fearless  Virginians,  the 
union  of  all  the  tribes  from  Georgia  to  Maine  against  the  colonies  might 
have  been  effected,  and  the  whole  current  of  our  history  changed." 

At  this  time  some  fears  were  entertained  by  the  Colonial  Govern- 
ments that  the  Indians  in  the  North  and  Northwest  were  inclining  to  the 
British,  and  under  the  instructions  of  Washington,  now  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  Colonial  army,  and  so  bravely  fighting  for  American  inde- 
pendence, armed  forces  were  sent  against  the  Six  Nations,  and  upon  the 
Ohio  frontier,  Col.  Bowman,  acting  under  the  same  general's  orders, 
marched  against  Indians  within  the  present  limits  of  that  State.  These 
expeditions  were  in  the  main  successful,  and  the  Indians  were  compelled 
to  sue  for  peace. 


54  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRlTOaY. 

During  this  same  year  (1779)  the  famous  "  Land  Laws"  of  Virginia  \ 
were  passed.  The  passage  of  these  laws  was  of  more  consequence  to  the 
pioneers  of  Kentucky  and  the  Northwest  than  the  gaining  of  a  few  Lidian  [ 
conflicts.  These  laws  confirmed.in  main  all  grants  made,  and  guaranteed 
to  all  actual  settlers  their  rights  and  privileges.  After  providing  for  the 
settlers,  the  laws  provided  for  selling  the  balance  of  the  public  lands  at 
forty  cents  per  acre.  To  carry  the  Land  Laws  into  effect,  the  Legislature 
sent  four  Virginians  westward  to  attend  to  the  various  claims,  over  many 
of  which  great  confusion  prevailed  concerning  their  validity.  These 
gentlemen  opened  their  court  on  October  13,  1779,  at  St.  Asaphs,  and 
continued  until  April  26,  1780,  when  they  adjourned,  having  decided 
three  thousand  claims.  They  were  succeeded  by  the  surveyor,  who 
came  in  the  person  of  Mr.  George  May,  and  assumed  his  duties  on  the 
10th  day  of  the  month  whose  name  he  bore.  With  the  opening  of  the 
next  year  (1780)  the  troubles  concerning  the  navigation  of  the  Missis- 
sippi commenced.  The  Spanish  Government  exacted  such  measures  in 
relation  to  its  trade  as  to  cause  the  overtures  made  to  the  United  States 
to  be  rejected.  The  American  Government  considered  they  had  a  right 
to  navigate  its  channel.  To  enforce  their  claims,  a  fort  was  erected  below 
the  mouth  of  the  Ohio  on  the  Kentucky  side  of  the  river.  The  settle- 
ments in  Kentucky  were  being  rapidly  filled  by  emigrants.  It  was  dur- 
ing this  year  that  the  first  seminary  of  learning  was  established  in  the 
West  in  this  young  and  enterprising  Commonwealth. 

The  settlers  here  did  not  look  upon  the  building  of  this  fort  in  a 
friendly  manner,  as  it  aroused  the  hostility  of  the  Indians.  Spain  had 
been  friendly  to  the  Colonies  during  their  struggle  for  independence, 
and  though  for  a  while  this  friendship  appeared  in  danger  from  the 
refusal  of  the  free  navigation  of  the  river,  yet  it  was  finally  settled  to  the 
satisfaction  of  both  nations. 

The  Winter  of  1779-80  was  one  of  the  most  unusually  severe  ones 
ever  experienced  in  the  West.  The  Indians  always  referred  to  it  as  the 
"Great  Cold."  Numbers  of  wild  animals  perished,  and  not  a  few 
pioneers  lost  their  lives.  The  following  Summer  a  party  of  Canadians 
and  Indians  attacked  St.  Louis,  and  attempted  to  take  possession  of  it 
in  consequence  of  the  friendly  disposition  of  Spain  to  the  revolting 
colonies.  They  met  with  such  a  determined  resistance  on  the  part  of  the 
inhabitants,  even  the  women  taking  part  in  the  battle,  that  they  were 
compelled  to  abandon  the  contest.  They  also  made  an  attack  on  the 
settlements  in  Kentucky,  but,  becoming  alarmed  in  some  unaccountable 
manner,  the}^  fled  the  country  in  great  haste. 

About  this  time  arose  the  question  in  the  Colonial  Congress  con- 
cerning the  western  lands  claimed  by  Virginia,  New  York,  Massachusetts 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  55 

and  Connecticut.  The  agitation  concerning  this  subject  finally  led  New 
York,  on  the  10th  of  February,  1780,  ii,o  pass  a  law  giving  to  the  dele- 
gates of  tliat  State  in  Congress  the  power  to  cede  her  western  lands  for 
the  benefit  of  the  United  States.  This  law  was  laid  before  Congress 
during  the  next  month,  but  no  steps  were  taken  concerning  it  until  Sep- 
tember Gth,  when  a  resolution  passed  that  body  calling  upon  the  States 
claiming  western  lands  to  release  their  claims  in  favor  of  the  whole  body. 
This  basis  formed  the  union,  and  was  the  first  after  all  of  those  legislative 
measures  which  resulted  in  the  creation  of  the  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana, 
Illinois,  Michigan,  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota.  In  December  of  the  same 
year,  the  plan  of  conquering  Detroit  again  arose.  The  conquest  might 
have  easily  been  effected  by  Clark  had  the  necessary  aid  been  furnished 
him.  Nothing  decisive  was  done,  yet  the  heads  of  the  Government  knew 
that  the  safety  of  the  Northwest  from  British  nivasion  lay  in  the  capture 
and  retention  of  that  important  post,  the  only  unconquered  one  in  the 
territory. 

Before  the  close  of  the  year,  Kentucky  was  divided  into  the  Coun- 
ties of  Lincoln,  Fayette  and  Jefferson,  and  the  act  establishing  the  Town 
of  Louisville  was  passed.  This  same  year  is  also  noted  in  the  annals  of 
American  history  as  the  year  in  which  occurred  Arnold's  treason  to  the 
United  States. 

Virginia,  in  accordance  with  the  resolution  of  Congress,  on  the  2d 
day  of  January,  1781,  agreed  to  yield  her  western  lands  to  the  United 
States  upon  certain  conditions,  which  Congress  would  not  accede  to,  and 
the  Act  of  Cession,  on  the  part  of  the  Old  Dominion,  failed,  nor  was 
anvthing  farther  done  until  1783.  During  all  that  time  the  Colonies 
were  busily  engaged  in  the  struggle  with  the  mother  country,  and  in 
consequence  thereof  but  little  heed  was  given  to  the  western  settlements. 
Upon  the  16th  of  April,  1781,  the  first  birth  north  of  the  Ohio  River  of 
American  parentage  occurred,  being  that  of  Mary  Heckewelder,  daughter 
of  the  widely  known  Moravian  missionary,  whose  band  of  Christian 
Indians  suffered  in  after  years  a  horrible  massacre  by  the  hands  of  the 
frontier  settlers,  who  had  been  exasperated  by  the  murder  of  several  of 
their  neighbors,  and  in  their  rage  committed,  without  regard  to  humanity, 
a  deed  which  forever  afterwards  cast  a  shade  of  shame  upon  their  lives. 
For  this  and  kindred  outrages  on  the  part  of  the  whites,  the  Indians 
committed  many  deeds  of  cruelty  which  darken  the  years  of  1771  and 
1772  in  the  history  of  the  Northwest. 

During  the  year  1782  a  number  of  battles  among  the  Indians  and 
frontiersmen  occurred,  and  between  the  Moravian  Indians  and  the  Wyan- 
dots.  In  these,  horrible  acts  of  cruelty  were  practised  on  the  captives, 
many  of  such  dark  deeds  transpiring  under  the  leadership  of  the  notorious 


56 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


frontier  outlaw,  Simon  Girty,  whose  name,  as  well  as  those  of  his  brothers, 
was  a  terror  to  women  and  children.  These  occurred  chiefly  in  the  Ohio 
valleys.  Cotemporary  with  them  were  several  engagements  in  Kentucky, 
in  which  the  famous  Daniel  Boone  engaged,  and  who,  often  by  his  skill 
and  knowledge  of  Indian  warfare,  saved  the  outposts  from  cruel  destruc- 


INUIANS    ATTACKING    FliONTl  KliSM  KN. 


tion.  By  the  close  of  the  year  victory  had  perched  upon  the  American 
banner,  and  on  the  30th  of  November,  provisional  articles  of  peace  had 
been  arranged  between  the  Commissioners  of  England  and  her  uncon- 
querable colonies.  Cornwallis  had  been  defeated  on  the  19th  of  October 
preceding,  and  the  liberty  of  America  was  assured.  On  the  19th  of 
April   following,  the  anniversary  of  the  battle  of  Lexington,  peace  was 


THE   is'ORTHWKST    TERRITORY.  57 

proclaimed  to  the  army  of  the  United  States,  and  on  the  2d  of  the  next 
September,  the  definite  treaty  which  ended  our  revolutionary  struggle 
was  concluded.  By  the  terms  of  that  treaty,  the  boundaries  of  the  West 
were  as  follows :  On  the  north  the  line  was  to  extend  along  the  center  of 
the  Great  Lakes  ;  from  the  western  point  of  Lake  Superior  to  Long  Lake  ; 
thence  to  the  Lake  of  the  Woods ;  thence  to  the  head  of  the  Mississippi 
River;  down  its  center  to  the  31st  parallel  of  latitude,  then  on  tliat  line 
east  to  the  head  of  the  Appalachicola  River ;  down  its  center  to  its  junc- 
tion with  the  Flint ;  thence  straight  to  the  head  of  St.  Mary's  River,  and 
thence  down  along  its  center  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean. 

Following  the  cessation  of  hostilities  with  England,  several  posts 
were  still  occupied  by  the  British  in  the  North  and  West.  Among  these 
was  Detroit,  still  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  Numerous  engagements 
with  the  Indians  throughout  Ohio  and  Indiana  occurred,  upon  whose 
lands  adventurous  whites  would  settle  ere  the  title  had  been  acquired  by 
the  proper  treaty. 

I  To  remedy  this  latter  evil,  Congress  appointed  commissioners  to 
treat  with  the  natives  and  purchase  their  lands,  and  prohibited  the  set- 
tlement of  the  territory  until  this  could  be  done.  Before  the  close  of  the 
year  another  attempt  was  made  to  capture  Detroit,  which  was,  however, 
not  pushed,  and  Virginia,  no  longer  feeling  the  interest  in  the  Northwest 
she  had  formerly  done,  withdrew  her  troops,  having  on  the  20th  of 
December  preceding  authorized  the  whole  of  her  possessions  to  be  deeded 
to  the  United  States.  This  was  done  on  the  1st  of  March  following,  and 
the  Northwest  Territory  passed  from  the  control  of  the  Old  Dominion. 
To  Gen.  Clark  and  his  soldiers,  however,  she  gave  a  tract  of  one  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  acres  of  land,  to  be  situated  any  where  north  of  the 
Ohio  wherever  they  chose  to  locate  them.  They  selected  the  region 
opposite  the  falls  of  the  Ohio,  where  is  now  the  dilapidated  village  of 
Clarksville,  about  midway  between  the  Cities  of  New  Albany  and  Jeffer- 
sonville,  Indiana. 

While  the  frontier  remained  thus,  and  Gen.  Haldimand  at  Detroit 
refused  to  evacuate  alleging  that  he  had  no  orders  from  his  King  to  do 
so,  settlers  were  rapidly  gathering  about  the  inland  forts.  In  the  Spring 
of  1784,  Pittsburgh  was  regularly  laid  out,  and  from  the  journal  of  Arthur 
Lee,  who  passed  through  the  town  soon  after  on  his  way  to  the  Indian 
council  at  Fort  Mcintosh,  we  suppose  it  was  not  very  prepossessing  in 
appearance.     He  says : 

"  Pittsburgh  is  inhabited  almost  entirely  by  Scots  and  Irish,  who 
live  in  paltry  log  houses,  and  are  as  dirty  as  if  in  the  north  of  Ireland  or 
even  Scotland.  There  is  a  great  deal  of  trade  carried  on,  the  goods  being 
bought  at  the  vast  expense  of  forty-five  shillings  per  pound  from  Phila- 


68  THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

delphia  and  Baltimore.  They  take  in  the  shops  flour,  wheat,  skins  and 
money.  There  are  in  the  town  four  attorneys,  two  doctors,  and  not  a 
priest  of  any  persuasion,  nor  church  nor  chapel." 

Kentucky  at  this  time  contained  thirty  thousand  inhabitants,  and 
was  beginning  to  discuss  measures  for  a  separation  from  Virginia.  A 
land  office  was  opened  at  Louisville,  and  measures  were  adopted  to  take 
defensive  precaution  against  the  Indians  who  were  yet,  in  some  instances, 
incited  to  deeds  of  violence  by  the  British.  Before  the  close  of  this  year, 
1784,  the  military  claimants  of  land  began  to  occupy  them,  although  no 
entries  were  recorded  until  1787. 

The  Indian  title  to  the  Northwest  was  not  yet  extinguished.  They 
held  large  tracts  of  lands,  and  in  order  to  prevent  bloodshed  Congress 
adopted  means  for  treaties  with  the  original  owners  and  provided  for  the 
surveys  of  the  lands  gained  thereby,  as  well  as  for  those  north  of  the 
Ohio,  now  in  its  possession.  On  January  31,  1786,  a  treaty  was  made 
with  the  Wabash  Indians.  The  treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix  had  been  made 
in  1784.  That  at  Fort  Mcintosh  in  1785,  and  through  these  mucli  land 
was  gained.  The  Wabash  Indians,  however,  afterward  refused  to  comply 
with  the  provisions  of  the  treaty  made  with  them,  and  in  order  to  compel 
their  adherence  to  its  provisions,  force  was  used.  Daring  the  year  1786, 
the  free  navigation  of  the  Mississippi  came  up  in  Congress,  and  caused 
various  discussions,  which  resulted  in  no  definite  action,  only  serving  to 
excite  speculation  in  regard  to  the  western  lands.  Congress  had  promised 
bounties  of  land  to  the  soldiers  of  the  Revolution,  but  owing  to  the 
unsettled  condition  of  affairs  along  the  Mississippi  respecting  its  naviga- 
tion, and  the  trade  of  the  Northwest,  that  body  had,  in  1783,  declared 
its  inability  to  fulfill  these  promises  until  a  treaty  could  be  concluded 
between  the  two  Governments.  Before  the  close  of  the  year  1786,  how- 
ever, it  was  able,  through  the  treaties  with  the  Indians,  to  allow  some 
grants  and  the  settlement  thereon,  and  on  the  14th  of  September  Con- 
necticut ceded  to  the  General  Government  the  tract  of  land  known  as 
the  "  Connecticut  Reserve,"  and  before  the  close  of  the  following  year  a 
large  tract  of  land  north  of  the  Ohio  was  sold  to  a  company,  who  at  once 
took  measures  to  settle  it.  By  the  provisions  of  this  grant,  the  company 
were  to  pay  the  United  States  one  dollar  per  acre,  subject  to  a  deduction 
of  one-third  for  bad  lands  and  other  contingencies.  They  received 
750,000  acres,  bounded  on  the  south  by  the  Ohio,  on  the  east  by  the 
seventh  range  of  townships,  on  the  west  by  the  sixteenth  range,  and  on 
the  north  by  a  line  so  drawn  as  to  make  the  grant  complete  without 
the  reservations.  In  addition  to  this,  Congress  afterward  granted  100,000 
acres  to  actual  settlers,  and  214,285  acres  as  army  bounties  under  the 
resolutions  of  1789  and  1790. 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 


69 


While  Dr.  Cutler,  one  of  the  agents  of  the  company,  was  pressinj^ 
its  claims  before  Congress,  that  body  was  bringing  into  form  an  ordinance 
for  the  political  and  social  organization  of  this  Territory.  When  the 
cession  was  made  by  Virginia,  in  1784,  a  plan  was  offered,  but  rejected. 
A  motion  had  been  made  to  strike  from  the  proposed  plan  tlie  prohibition 
of  slaver}-,  which  prevailed.  The  plan  was  then  discussed  and  altered, 
and  finall}'  passed  unanimously,  with  the  exception  of  South  Carolina. 
By  this  proposition,  the  Territory  was  to  have  been  divided  into  states 


A    PKAIRIE    STORM. 


by  parallels  and  meridian  lines.  This,  it  was  thought,  would  make  ten 
states,  wdiich  were  to  have  been  named  as  follows  —  beginning  at  the 
northwest  corner  and  going  southwardly :  Sylvania,  Michigania,  Cher- 
sonesus,  Assenisipia,  Metropotamia,  Illenoia,  Saratoga,  Washington,  Poly- 
potamia  and  Pelisipia. 

There  was  a  more  serious  objection  to  this  plan  than  its  category  of 
names, —  the  boundaries.  The  root  of  the  difficulty  w^as  in  the  resolu- 
tion of  Congress  passed  in  October,  1780,  which  fixed  the  boundaries 
of  the  ceded  lands  to  be  from  one  hundred  to  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles 


60  THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

square.  These  resolutions  being  presented  to  the  Legislatures  of  Vir- 
ginia  and  Massachusetts,  they  desired  a  change,  and  in  July,  1786,  the 
subject  was  taken  up  in  Congress,  and  changed  to  favor  a  division  into 
not  more  than  five  states,  and  not  less  than  three.  This  was  approved  by 
the  State  Legislature  of  Virginia.  The  subject  of  the  Government  was 
again  taken  up  by  Congress  in  1786,  and  discussed  throughout  that  year 
aud  until  July,  1787,  when  the  famous  "Compact  of  1787"  was  passed, 
and  the  foundation  of  the  government  of  the  Northwest  laid.  This  com- 
pact is  fully  discussed  and  explained  in  the  history  of  Illinois  in  this  book, 
and  to  it  the  reader  is  referred. 

The  passage  of  this  act  and  the  grant  to  the  New  England  Company 
was  soon  followed  b}^  an  application  to  the  Government  by  John  Cleves 
Symmes,  of  New  Jersey,  for  a  grant  of  the  land  between  the  Miamis. 
This  gentleman  had  visited  these  lands  soon  after  the  treaty  of  1780,  and, 
being  greatly  pleased  with  them,  offered  similar  terms  to  those  given  to  the 
New  England  Company.  The  petition  was  referred  to  the  Treasury 
Board  with  power'  to  act,  and  a  contract  was  concluded  the  following 
year.  During  the  Autumn  the  directors  of  the  New  England  Company 
were  preparing  to  occupy  their  grant  the  following  Spring,  and  upon  the 
23d  of  November  made  arrangements  for  a  party  of  forty-seven  men, 
under  the  superintendency  of  Gen.  Rufus  Putnam,  to  set  forward.  Six 
boat-builders  were  to  leave  at  once,  and  on' the  first  of  January  the  sur- 
veyors and  their  assistants,  twenty-six  in  number,  were  to  meet  at  Hart- 
ford and  proceed  on  their  journey  westward  ;  the  remainder  to  follow  as 
soon  as  possible.  Congress,  in  the  meantime,  upon  the  od  of  October, 
had  ordered  seven  hundred  troops  for  defense  of  the  western  settlers,  and 
to  prevent  unauthorized  intrusions  ;  and  two  days  later  appointed  Arthur 
St.  Clair  Governor  of  the  Territ'ory  of  the  Northwest. 

AMERICAN  SETTLEMENTS. 

The  civil  organization  of  the  Northw^est  Territory  was  now  com- 
plete, and  notwithstanding  the  uncertainty  of  Indian  affairs,  settlers  from 
the  East  began  to  come  into  the  country  rapidly.  The  New  England 
Company  sent  their  men  during  the  Winter  of  1787-8  pressing  on  over 
the  Alleghenies  by  the  old  Indian  path  wliich  had  been  opened  into 
Braddock's  road,  and  which  has  since  been  made  a  national  turnpike 
from  Cumberland  westward.  Through  the  weary  winter  days  they  toiled 
on,  and  by  April  were  all  gathered  on  the  Yohiogany,  where  boats  had 
been  built,  and  at  once  started  for  the  Muskingum.  Here  they  arrived 
on  the  7th  of  that  month,  aud  unless  the  Moravian  missionaries  be  regarded 
as  the  pioneers  of  (^hio,  tliis  little  l)and  can  justly  claim  that  honor. 


THE    NORTHWEST    TKRItlTORY. 


61 


Gen.  St.  Clair,  the  iippointed  Governor  of  the  Northwest,  not  havinir 
yet  arrived,  a  set  of  laws  were  passed,  written  out,  and  published  by 
being  nailed  to  a  tree  in  the  embryo  town,  and  Jonathan  Meigs  appointed 
to  administer  them. 

Washington  in  writing  of  this,  the  first  American  settlement  in  the 
Northwest,  said :  "  No  colony  in  America  was  ever  settled  under 
such  favorable  auspices  as  that  which  has  just  commenced  at  Muskingum. 
Information,  property  and  strength  will  be  its  characteristics.  I  know 
many  of  its  settlers  personally,  and  there  never  were  men  better  calcu- 
lated to  promote  the  welfare  of  such  a  community.'" 


^<'£^jsfi:\::^4pSm^mi-^-''W^i^^^. 


A    PIONKKK    ])WK1,LIX(; 


On  the  2d  of  July  a  meeting  of  the  directors  and  agents  was  held 
on  the  banks  of  the  Muskingum,  "  for  the  purpose  of  naming  the  new- 
born city  and  its  squares."  As  yet  the  settlement  was  known  as  the 
"Muskingum,*'  but  that  was  now  changed  to  the  name  Marietta,  in  honor 
of  Marie  Antoinette.  The  square  upon  which  the  block -houses  stood 
was  called  "■  Campus  Martins /'^  square  number  19,  "•  OapitoUum  T  square 
number  61,  "•Cecilia  f'  and  the  great  road  through  the  covert  way,  ''  Sacra 
Via.''  Two  days  after,  an  oration  was  delivered  by  James  M.  Varnum, 
who  with  S.  H.  Parsons  and  John  Armstrong  had  been  appointed  to  the 
judicial  bench  of  the  territory  on  the  16th  of  October,  1787.  On  July  9, 
Gov.  St.  Clair  arrived,  and  the  colony  began  to  assume  form.  The  act 
of  1787  provided  two  district  grades  of  government  for  the  Nortliwest, 


62  THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

under  the  first  of  which  the  whole  power  was  invested  in  the  hands  of  a 
governor  and  three  district  judges.  This  was  immediately  formed  upon 
the  Governor's  arrival,  and  the  first  laws  of  the  colony  passed  on  the  25th 
of  July.  These  provided  for  the  organization  of  the  militia,  and  on  the 
next  day  appeared  the  Governor's  proclamation,  erecting  all  that  country 
that  had  been  ceded  by  the  Indians  east  of  the  Scioto  River  into  the 
County  of  Washington.  From  that  time  forward,  notwithstanding  the 
doubts  yet  existing  as  to  the  Indians,  all  Marietta  prospered,  and  on  the 
2d  of  September  the  first  court  of  the  territory  was  held  with  imposing 
ceremonies. 

The  emigration  westward  at  this  time  was  very  great.  The  com- 
mander at  Fort  Harmer,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Muskingum,  reported  four 
thousand  five  hundred  persons  as  having  passed  that  post  between  Feb- 
ruary and  June',  1788  —  many  of  whom  would  have  purchased  of  the 
"Associates,"  as  the  New  England  Company  was  called,  had  they  been 
ready  to  receive  them. 

On  the  26th  of  November,  1787,  Symmes  issued  a  pamphlet  stating 
the  terms  of  his  contract  and  the  plan  of  sale  he  intended  to  arlopt.  In 
January,  1788,  Matthias  Denman,  of  New  Jersey,  took  an  active  interest 
in  Symmes'  purchase,  and  located  among  other  tracts  the  sections  upon 
which  Cincinnati  has  been  built.  Retaining  one-third  of  this  locality,  he 
sold  the  other  two-thirds  to  Robert  Patterson  and  John  Filson,  and  the 
three,  about  August,  commenced  to  lay  out  a  town  on  the  spot,  which 
was  designated  as  being  opposite  Licking  River,  to  the  mouth  of  which 
they  proposed  to  have  a  road  cut  from  Lexington.  The  naming  of  the 
town  is  thus  narrated  in  the  "Western  Annals  "* : — "  Mr.  Filson,  who  had 
been  a  schoolmaster,  was  appointed  to  name  the  town,  and,  in  respect  to 
its  situation,  and  as  if  with  a  prophetic  perception  of  the  mixed  race  that 
were  to  inhabit  it  in  after  days,  he  named  it  Losantiville,  which,  being 
interpreted,  means  :  ville^  the  town  :  anti.,  against  or  opposite  to  ;  os,  the 
mouth  ;  L.  of  Licking."' 

Meanwhile,  in  July,  Symmes  got  thirty  persons  and  eight  four-horse 
teams  under  way  for  the  West.  These  reached  Limestone  (now  Mays- 
ville)  in  September,  where  were  several  persons  from  Redstone.  Here 
Mr.  Symmes  tried  to  found  a  settlement,  but  the  great  freshet  of  1789 
caused  the  "  Point,"  as  it  was  and  is  yet  called,  to  be  fifteen  feet  under 
water,  and  the  settlement  to  be  abandoned.  The  little  band  of  settlers 
removed  to  the  mouth  of  the  Miami.  Before  Symmes  and  his  colony  left 
the  "  Point,"  two  settlements  had  been  made  on  his  purchase.  The  first 
was  by  Mr.  Stiltes,  the  original  projector  of  the  whole  plan,  who,  with  a 
colony  of  Redstone  people,  had  located  at  the  mouth  of  the  Miami, 
whither  Symmes  went  with  his  Maysville  colony.     Here  a  clearing  had 


THE   NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 


63 


been  made  by  the  Indians  owing  to  the  great  fertility  of  the  soil.  Mr. 
Stiltes  with  his  colony  came  to  this  place  on  the  18th  of  November,  1788, 
with  twenty-six  persons,  and,  building  a  block-house,  prepared  to  remain 
throuo-h  the  Winter.  They  named  the  settlement  Columbia.  Here  they 
were  kindly  treated  by  the  Indians,  but  suffered  greatly  from  the  flood 
of  1789. 

On  the  4th  of  March,  1789,  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States 
went  into  operation,  and  on  April  30,  George  Washington  was  inaug- 
urated President  of  the  American  people,  and  during  the  next  Summer, 
an  Indian  war  was  commenced  by  the  tribes  north  of  the  Ohio.  The 
President  at  first  used  pacific  means  ;  but  these  failing,  he  sent  General 
Harmer  against  the  hostile  tribes.     He  destroyed  several  villages,  but 


BREAKING    PRAIEIE. 


was  defeated  in  two  battles,  near  the  present  City  of  Fort  Wayne, 
Indiana.  From  this  time  till  the  close  of  1795,  the  principal  events  were 
the  wars  with  the  various  Indian  tribes.  In  1796,  General  St.  Clair 
was  appointed  in  command,  and  marched  against  the  Indians ;  but  while 
he  was  encamped  on  a  stream,  the  St.  Mary,  a  branch  of  the  Maumee, 
he  was  attacked  and  defeated  with  the  loss  of  six  hundred  men. 

General  Wayne  was  now  sent  against  the  savages.  In  August,  1794, 
he  met  them  near  the  rapids  of  the  Maumee,  and  gained  a  complete 
victory.  This  success,  followed  by  vigorous  measures,  compelled  the 
Indians  to  sue  for  peace,  and  on  the  30th  of  July,  the  following  year,  the 
treaty  of  Greenville  was  signed  by  the  principal  chiefs,  by  which  a  large 
tract  of  country  was  ceded  to  the  United  States. 

Before  proceeding  in  our  narrative,  we  will  pause  to  notice  Fort 
Washington,  erected  in  the  early  part  of  this  war  on  the  site  of  Cincinnati. 
Nearly   all    of   the   great    cities  of   the  Northwest,  and  indeed  of    the 


64  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

whole  country,  have  had  their  nuclei  in  those  rude  pioneer  structures, 
known  as  forts  or  stockades.  Thus  Forts  Dearborn,  Washington,  Pon- 
chartrain,  mark  the  original  sites  of  the  now  proud  Cities  of  Chicago, 
Cincinnati  and  Detroit.  So  of  most  of  the  flourishing  cities  east  and  west 
of  the  Mississippi.  Fort  Washington,  erected  by  Doughty  in  1790,  was  a 
rude  but  highly  interesting  structure.  It  was  composed  of  a  number  of 
strongly-built  hewed  log  cabins.  Those  designed  for  soldiers'  barracks 
were  a  story  and  a  half  high,  while  those  composing  the  officers  quarters 
were  more  imposing  and  more  conveniently  arranged  and  furnished. 
The  whole  were  so  placed  as  to  form  a  hollow  square,  enclosing  about  an 
acre  of  ground,  with  a  block  house  at  each  of  the  four  angles. 

The  logs  for  the  construction  of  this  fort  were  cut  from  the  ground 
upon  which  it  was  erected.  It  stood  between  Third  and  Fourth  Streets 
of  the  present  city  (Cincinnati)  extending  east  of  Eastern  Row,  now 
Broadway,  which  was  then  a  narrow  alley,  and  the  eastern  boundary  of 
of  the  town  as  it  was  originally  laid  out.  On  the  bank  of  the  river, 
immediately  in  front  of  the  fort,  was  an  appendage  of  the  fort,  called  the 
Artificer's  Yard.  It  contained  about  two  acres  of  ground,  enclosed  by 
small  contiguous  buildings,  occupied  by  workshops  and  quarters  of 
laborers.  Within  this  enclosure  there  was  a  large  two-story  frame  house, 
familiarly  called  the  "  Yellow  House,"  built  for  the  accommodation  of 
the  Quartermaster  General.  For  many  years  this  was  the  best  finished 
and  most  commodious  edifice  in  the  Queen  City.  Fort  Washington  was 
for  some  time  the  headquarters  of  both  the  civil  and  military  governments 
of  the  Northwestern  Territory. 

Following  the  consummation  of  the  treaty  various  gigantic  land  spec- 
ulations were  entered  into  by  different  persons,  who  hoped  to  obtain 
from  the  Indians  in  Michigan  and  northern  Indiana,  large  tracts  of  lands. 
These  were  generally  discovered  in  time  to  prevent  the  outrageous 
schemes  from  being  carried  out,  and  from  involving  the  settlers  in  war. 
On  October  27,  1795,  the  treaty  between  the  United  States  and  Spain 
was  signed,  whereby  the  free  navigation  of  the  Mississippi  was  secured. 

No  sooner  had  the  treat}'^  of  1795  been  ratified  than  settlements  began 
to  pour  rapidly  into  the  West.  The  great  event  of  the  year  1796  was  the 
occupation  of  that  part  of  the  Northwest  including  Michigan,  which  was 
this  year,  under  the  provisions  of  the  treaty,  evacuated  by  the  British 
forces.  The  United  States,  owing  to  certain  conditions,  did  not  feel 
justified  in  addressing  the  authorities  in  Canada  in  relation  to  Detroit 
and  other  frontier  posts.  When  at  last  the  British  authorities  were 
called  to  give  them  up,  they  at  once  complied,  and  General  Wayne,  who 
had  done  so  much  to  preserve  the  frontier  settlements,  and  who,  before 
the    year's    close,  sickened    and  died  near  Erie,  transferred  his  head- 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  65 

quarters  to  the  neighborhood  of  the  hikes,  Avhere  a  county  named  after 
him  was  formed,  Avhich  included  the  northwest  of  Ohio,  all  of  Michigan, 
and  the  northeast  of  Indiana.  During  this  same  year  settlements  were 
formed  at  the  present  City  of  Chillicothe,  along  the  Miami  from  Middle- 
town  to  Piqua,  while  in  the  more  distant  West,  settlers  and  speculators 
began  to  appear  in  great  numbers.  In  September,  the  City  of  Cleveland 
was  laid  out,  and  during  the  Summer  and  Autumn,  Samuel  Jackson  and 
Jonathan  Sharpless  erected  the  first  manufactory  of  paper — the  "  Red- 
stone Paper  Mill '' —  in  the  West.  St.  Louis  contained  some  seventy 
houses,  and  Detroit  over  three  hundred,  and  along  the  river,  contiguous 
to  it,  were  more  than  three  thousand  inhabitants,  mostly  French  Canadians, 
Indians  and  half-breeds,  scarcely  any  Americans  venturing  yet  into  that 
part  of  the  Northwest. 

The  election  of  representatives  for  the  territory  had  taken  place, 
and  on  the  4th  of  February,  1799,  they  convened  at  Losantiville  —  now 
known  as  Cincinnati,  having  been  named  so  by  Gov.  St.  Clair,  and 
considered  the  capital  of  the  Territory — to  nominate  persons  from  whom 
the  members  of  the  Legislature  were  to  be  chosen  in  accordance  with 
a  previous  ordinance.  This  nomination  being  made,  the  Assembly 
adjourned  until  the  16th  of  the  following  September.  From  those  named 
the  President  selected  as  members  of  the  council,  Henry  Vandenburg, 
of  Vincennes,  Robert  Oliver,  of  Marietta,  James  Findlay  and  Jacob 
Burnett,  of  Cincinnati,  and  David  Vance,  of  Vanceville.  On  the  16th 
of  September  the  Territorial  Legislature  met,  and  on  the  24th  the  two 
houses  were  duly  organized,  Henry  Vandenburg  being  elected  President 
of  the  Council.  * 

The  message  of  Gov.  St.  Clair  was  addressed  to  the  Legislature 
September  20th,  and  on  October  13th  that  body  elected  as  a  delegate  to 
Congress  Gen.  Wm.  Henry  Harrison,  who  received  eleven  of  the  votes 
cast,  being  a  majority  of  one  over  his  opponent,  Arthur  St.  Clair,  son  of 
Gen.  St.  Clair. 

The  whole  number  of  acts  passed  at  this  session,  and  approved  by 
the  Governor,  were  thirty-seven  —  eleven  others  were  passed,  but  received 
his  veto.  The  most  important  of  those  passed  related  to  the  militia,  to 
the  administration,  and  to  taxation.  On  the  19th  of  December  this  pro- 
tracted session  of  the  first  Legislature  in  the  West  was  closed,  and  on  the 
30th  of  December  the  President  nominated  Charles  Willing  Bryd  to  the 
office  of  Secretary  of  the  Territory  vice  Wm.  Henry  Harrison,  elected  to 
Congress.     The  Senate  confirmed  his  nomination  the  next  day. 


Q6  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


DIVISION   OF   THE   NORTHWEST   TEERITORY. 

The  increased  emigration  to  the  Northwest,  the  extent  of  the  domain, 
and  the  inconvenient  modes  of  travel,  made  it  very  difficult  to  conduct 
the  ordinary  operations  of  government,  and  rendered  the  efficient  action 
of  courts  almost  impossible.  To  remedy  this,  it  was  deemed  advisable  to 
divide  the  territory  for  civil  purposes.  Congress,  in  1800,  appointed  a 
committee  to  examine  the  question  and  report  some  means  for  its  solution. 
This  committee,  on  the  3d  of  March,  reported  that : 

"  In  the  three  western  countries  there  has  been  but  one  court  having 
cognizance  of  crimes,  in  five  years,  and  the  immunity  which  offenders 
experience  attracts,  as  to  an  asylum,  the  most  vile  and  abandoned  crim- 
inals, and  at  the  same  time  deters  useful  citizens  from  making  settlements 
in  such  society.  The  extreme  necessity  of  judiciary  attention  and  assist- 
ance is  experienced  in  civil  as  well  as  in  criminal  cases.  *  *  *  *  To 
minister  a  remedy  to  these  and  other  evils,  it  occurs  to  this  committee 
that  it  is  expedient  that  a  division  of  said  territory  into  two  distinct  and 
separate  governments  should  be  made  ;  and  that  such  division  be  made 
by  a  line  beginning  at  the  mouth  of  the  Great  Miami  River,  running 
directly  north  until  it  intersects  the  boundary  between  the  United  States 
and  Canada." 

The  report  was  accepted  by  Congress,  and,  in  accordance  with  its 
suggestions,  that  body  passed  an  Act  extinguishing  the  Northwest  Terri- 
tory, which  Act  was  approved  May  7.     Among  its  provisions  were  these  : 

"  That  from  and  after  July  4  next,  all  that  part  of  the  Territory  of 
the  United  States  northwest  of  the  Ohio  River,  which  lies  to  the  westward 
of  a  line  beginning  at  a  point  on  the  Ohio,  opposite  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Kentucky  River,  and  running  thence  to  Fort  Recovery,  and  thence  north 
until  it  shall  intersect  the  territorial  line  between  the  United  States  and 
Canada,  shall,  for  the  purpose  of  temporary  government,  constitute  a 
separate  territory,  and  be  called  the  Indiana  Territory." 

After  providing  for  the  exercise  of  the  civil  and  criminal  powers  of 
the  territories,  and  other  provisions,  the  Act  further  provides : 

"  That  until  it  shall  otherwise  be  ordered  by  the  Legislatures  of  the 
said  Territories,  respectively,  Chillicothe  on  the  Scioto  River  shall  be  the 
seat  of  government  of  the  Territory  of  the  United  States  northwest  of  the 
Ohio  River ;  and  that  St.  Vincennes  on  the  Wabash  River  shall  be  the 
seat  of  government  for  the  Indiana  Territory." 

Gen.  Wm.  Henr^^  Harrison  was  appointed  Governor  of  the  Indiana 
Territory,  and  entered  upon  his  duties  about  a  year  later.  Connecticut 
also  about  this  time  released  her  claims  to  the  reserve,  and  in  March  a  law 


THE  NORTHWEST  TERRITORY.  67 

was  passed  accepting  this  cession.  Settlements  had  been  made  upon 
thirty-five  of  the  townships  in  the  reserve,  mills  had  been  built,  and  seven 
hundred  miles  of  road  cut  in  various  directions.  On  the  3d  of  November 
the  General  Assembly  met  at  Chillicothe.  Near  the  close  of  the  year, 
the  first  missionary  of  the  Connecticut  Reserve  came,  who  found  no 
township  containing  more  than  eleven  families.  It  was  upon  the  first  of 
October  that  the  secret  treaty  had  been  made  between  Napoleon  and  the 
King  of  Spain,  whereby  the  latter  agreed  to  cede  to  France  the  province 
of  Louisiana. 

In  January,  1802,  the  Assembly  of  the  Northwestern  Territory  char- 
tered the  college  at  Athens.  From  the  earliest  dawn  of  the  western 
colonies,  education  was  promptly  provided  for,  and  as  early  as  1787, 
newspapers  were  issued  from  Pittsburgh  and  Kentucky,  and  largely  read 
throughout  the  frontier  settlements.  Before  the  close  of  this  year,  the 
Congress  of  the  United  States  granted  to  the  citizens  of  the  Northwestern 
territory  the  formation  of  a  State  government.  One  of  the  provisions  of 
the  "compact  of  1787"  provided  that  whenever  the  number  of  inhabit- 
ants within  prescribed  limits  exceeded  45,000,  they  should  be  entitled  to 
a  separate  government.  The  prescribed  limits  of  Ohio  contained,  from  a 
census  taken  to  ascertain  the  legality  of  the  act,  more  than  that  number, 
and  on  the  30th  of  April,  1802,  Congress  passed  the  act  defining  its  limits, 
and  on  the  29th  of  November  the  Constitution  of  the  new  State  of  Ohio, 
so  named  from  the  beautiful  river  forming  its  southern  boundary,  came 
into  existence.  The  exact  limits  of  Lake  Michigan  were  not  then  known, 
but  the  territory  now  included  within  the  State  of  Michigan  was  wholly 
within  the  territory  of  Indiana. 

Gen.  Harrison,  while  residing  at  Vincennes,  made  several  treaties 
with  the  Indians,  thereby  gaining  large  tracts  of  lands.  The  next  year  is 
memorable  in  the  history  of  the  West  for  the  purchase  of  Louisiana  from 
France  by  the  United  States  for  $15,000,000.  Thus  by  a  peaceful  mode, 
the  domain  of  the  United  States  was  extended  over  a  large  tract  of 
country  west  of  the  Mississippi,  and  was  for  a  time  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Northwest  government,  and,  as  has  been  mentioned  in  the  early 
part  of  this  narrative,  was  called  the  "New  Northwest."  The  limits 
of  this  history  will  not  allow  a  description  of  its  territory.  The  same  year 
large  grants  of  land  were  obtained  from  the  Indians,  and  the  House  of 
Representatives  of  the  new  State  of  Ohio  signed  a  bill  respecting  the 
College  Township  in  the  district  of  Cincinnati. 

Before  the  close  of  the  year,  Gen.  Harrison  obtained  additional 
grants  of  lands  from  the  various  Indian  nations  in  Indiana  and  the  present 
limits  of  Illinois,  and  on  the  18th  of  August,  1804,  completed  a  treaty  at 
St.  Louis,  whereby  over  51^000,000  acres  of  lands  were  obtained  from  the 


68  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

aborigines.  Measures  were  also  taken  to  learn  the  condition  of  affairs  in 
and  about  Detroit. 

C.  Jouett,  the  Indian  agent  in  Michigan,  still  a  part  of  Indiana  Terri- 
tory, reported  as  follows  upon  the  condition  of  matters  at  that  post : 

"  The  Town  of  Detroit. — The  charter,  which  is  for  fifteen  miles 
square,  was  granted  in  the  time  of  Louis  XIV.  of  France,  and  is  now, 
from  the  best  information  I  have  been  able  to  get,  at  Quebec.  Of  those 
two  hundred  and  twenty-five  acres,  only  four  are  occupied  by  the  town 
and  Fort  Lenault.  The  remainder  is  a  common,  except  twenty-four 
acres,  which  were  added  twenty  years  ago  to  a  farm  belonging  to  Wm. 
Macomb.  *  *  *  A  stockade  incloses  the  town,  fort  and  citadel.  The 
pickets,  as  well  as  the  public  houses,  are  in  a  state  of  gradual  decay.  The 
streets  are  narrow,  straight  and  regular,  and  intersect  each  other  at  right 
angles.     The  houses  are,  for  the  most  part,  low  and  inelegant." 

During  this  year.  Congress  granted  a  township  of  land  for  the  sup- 
port of  a  college,  and  began  to  offer  inducements  for  settlers  in  these 
wilds,  and  the  country  now  comprising  the  State  of  Michigan  began  to 
fill  rapidly  with  settlers  along  its  southern  borders.  This  same  year,  also, 
a  law  was  passed  organizing  the  Southwest  Territory,  dividing  it  into  two 
portions,  the  Territory  of  New  Orleans,  which  city  was  made  the  seat  of 
government,  and  the  District  of  Louisiana,  which  was  annexed  to  the 
domain  of  Gen.  Harrison. 

On  the  11th  of  January,  1805,  the  Territory  of  Michigan  was  formed, 
Wm.  Hull  was  appointed  governor,  with  headquarters  at  Detroit,  the 
change  to  take  effect  on  June  30.  On  the  11th  of  that  month,  a  fire 
occurred  at  Detroit,  which  destroyed  almost  every  building  in  the  place. 
When  the  officers  of  the  new  territory  reached  the  post,  they  found  it  in 
ruins,  and  the  inhabitants  scattered  throughout  the  country.  Rebuild- 
ing, however,  soon  commenced,  and  ere  long  the  town  contained  more 
houses  than  before  the  fire,  and  many  of  them  much  better  built. 

While  this  was  being  done,  Indiana  had  passed  to  the  second  grade 
of  government,  and  through  her  General  Assembly  had  obtained  large 
tracts  of  land  from  the  Indian  tribes.  To  all  this  the  celebrated  Indian, 
Tecumthe  or  Tecumseh,  vigorously  protested,  and  it  was  the  main  cause 
of  his  attempts  to  unite  the  various  Indian  tribes  in  a  conflict  with  the 
settlers.  To  obtain  a  full  account  of  these  attempts,  the  workings  of  the 
British,  and  the  signal  failure,  culminating  in  the  death  of  Tecumseh  at 
the  battle  of  the  Thames,  and  the  close  of  the  war  of  1812  in  the  Northwest, 
we  will  step  aside  in  our  story,  and  relate  the  principal  events  of  his  hfe, 
and  his  connection  with  this  conflict. 


THE  NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 


69 


TECUMSEH,  THE  SHAWANOE  CHIEFTAIN. 


70  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


TECUMSEH,  AND  THE  WAR  OF  1812. 

This  famous  Indian  chief  was  born  about  the  year  1768,  not  far  from 
the  site  of  the  present  City  of  Piqua,  Ohio.  His  father,  Puckeshinwa, 
was  a  member  of  the  Kisopok  tribe  of  the  Swanoese  nation,  and  his 
mother,  Methontaske,  was  a  member  of  the  Turtle  tribe  of  the  same 
people.  They  removed  from  Florida  about  the  middle  of  the  last  century 
to  the  birthplace  of  Tecumseh.  In  1774,  his  father,  who  had  risen  to  be 
chief,  was  slain  at  the  battle  of  Point  Pleasant,  and  not  long  after  Tecum- 
seh, by  his  bravery,  became  the  leader  of  his  tribe.  In  1795  he  was 
declared  chief,  and  then  lived  at  Deer  Creek,  near  the  site  of  the 
present  City  of  Urbana.  He  remained  here  about  one  year,  when  he 
returned  to  Piqua,  and  in  1798,  he  went  to  White  River,  Indiana.  In 
1805,  he  and  his  brother,  Laulewasikan  (Open  Door),  who  had  announced 
himself  as  a  prophet,  went  to  a  tract  of  land  on  the  Wabash  River,  given 
them  by  the  Pottawatomies  and  Kickapoos.  From  this  date  the  chief 
comes  into  prominence.  He  was  now  about  thirty-seven  years  of  age, 
was  five  feet  and  ten  inches  in  height,  was  stoutly  built,  and  possessed  of 
enormous  powers  of  endurance.  His  countenance  was  naturally  pleas- 
ing, and  he  Avas,  in  general,  devoid  of  those  savage  attributes  possessed 
by  most  Indians.  It  is  stated  he  could  read  and  write,  and  had  a  confi- 
dential secretary  and  adviser,  named  Billy  Caldwell,  a  half-breed,  who 
afterward  became  chief  of  the  Pottawatomies.  He  occupied  the  first 
house  built  on  the  site  of  Chicago.  At  this  time,  Tecumseh  entered 
upon  the  great  work  of  his  life.  He  had  long  objected  to  the  grants  of 
land  made  by  the  Indians  to  the  whites,  and  determined  to  unite  all  the 
Indian  tribes  into  a  league,  in  order  that  no  treaties  or  grants  of  land 
could  be  made  save  by  the  consent  of  this  confederation. 

He  traveled  constantly,  going  from  north  to  south ;  from  the  south 
to  the  north,  everywhere  urging  the  Indians  to  this  step.  He  was  a 
matchless  orator,  and  his  burning  words  had  their  effect. 

Gen.  Harrison,  then  Governor  of  Indiana,  by  watching  the  move- 
ments of  the  Indians,  became  convinced  that  a  grand  conspiracy  was 
forming,  and  made  preparations  to  defend  the  settlements.  Tecumseh's 
plan  was  similar  to  Pontiac's,  elsewhere  described,  and  to  the  cunning 
artifice  of  that  chieftain  was  added  his  own  sagacity. 

During  the  year  1809,  Tecumseh  and  the  prophet  were  actively  pre- 
paring for  the  work.  In  that  year.  Gen.  Harrison  entered  into  a  treaty 
with  the  Delawares,  Kickapoos,  Pottawatomies,  Miamis,  Eel  River  Indians 
and  Weas,  in  which  these  tribes  ceded  to  the  whites  certain  lands  upon 
the  Wabash,  to  all  of  which  Tecumseh  entered  a  bitter  protest,  averring 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  71 

as  one  principal  reason  that  he  did  not  want  the  Indians  to  give  up  any 
hinds  north  and  Avest  of  the  Ohio  River. 

Tecumseh,  in  August,  1810,  visited  the  General  at  Vincennes  and 
held  a  council  relating  to  the  grievances  of  the  Indians.  Becoming  unduly 
angry  at  this  conference  he  was  dismissed  from  the  village,  and  soon  after 
departed  to  incite  the  southern  Indian  tribes  to  the  conflict. 

Gen.  Harrison  determined  to  move  upon  the  chief's  headquarters  at 
Tippecanoe,  and  for  this  purpose  went  about  sixty-five  miles  up  the 
Wabash,  where  he  built  Fort  Harrison.  From  this  place  he  went  to  the 
prophet's  town,  where  he  informed  the  Indians  he  had  no  hostile  inten- 
tions, provided  they  were  true  to  the  existing  treaties.  He  encamped 
near  the  village  early  in  October,  and  on  the  morning  of  November  7,  he 
was  attacked  by  a  large  force  of  the  Indians,  and  the  famous  battle  of 
Tippecanoe  occurred.  The  Indians  were  routed  and  their  town  broken 
up.  Tecumseh  returning  not  long  after,  was  greatly  exasperated  at  his 
brother,  the  prophet,  even  threatening  to  kill  him  for  rashly  precipitating 
the  war,  and  foiling  his  (Tecumseh's)  plans. 

Tecumseh  sent  word  to  Gen.  Harrison  that  he  was  now  returned 
from  the  South,  and  was  ready  to  visit  the  President  as  had  at  one  time 
previously  been  proposed.  Gen.  Harrison  informed  him  he  could  not  go 
as  a  chief,  which  method  Tecumseh  desired,  and  the  visit  was  never 
made. 

In  June  of  the  following  year,  he  visited  the  Indian  agent  at 
Fort  Wayne.  Here  he  disavowed  any  intention  to  make  a  war  against 
the  United  States,  and  reproached  Gen.  Harrison  for  marching  against  his 
people.  The  agent  replied  to  this  ;  Tecumseh  listened  with  a  cold  indif- 
ference, and  after  making  a  few  general  remarks,  with  a  haughty  air  drew 
his  blanket  about  him,  left  the  council  house,  and  departed  for  Fort  Mai- 
den, in  Upper  Canada,  where  he  joined  the  British  standard. 

He  remained  under  this  Government,  doing  effective  work  for  the 
Crown  while  engaged  in  the  war  of  1812  which  now  opened.  He  was, 
however,  always  humane  in  his  treatment  of  the  prisoners,  never  allow- 
ing his  warriors  to  ruthlessly  mutilate  the  bodies  of  those  slain,  or  wan- 
tonly murder  the  captive. 

In  the  Summer  of  1813,  Perry's  victory  on  Lake  Erie  occurred,  and 
shortly  after  active  preparations  were  made  to  capture  Maiden.  On  the 
27th  of  September,  the  American  army,  under  Gen.  Harrison,  set  sail  for 
the  shores  of  Canada,  and  in  a  few  hours  stood  around  the  ruins  of  Mai- 
den, from  which  the  British  army,  under  Proctor,  had  retreated  to  Sand- 
wich, intending  to  make  its  way  to  the  heart  of  Canada  by  the  Valley  of 
the  Thames.  On  the  29th  Gen.  Harrison  was  at  Sandwich,  and  Gen. 
McArthur  took  possession  of  Detroit  and  the  territory  of  Michigan. 


72 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


On  the  2d  of  October,  the  Americans  began  their  pursuit  of  Proctor, 
whom  they  overtook  on  the  5th,  and  the  battle  of  the  Thames  followed. 
Early  in  the  engagement,  Tecumseh  who  was  at  the  head  of  the  column 
of  Indians  was  slain,  and  they,  no  longer  hearing  the  voice  of  their  chief- 
tain, fled.  The  victory  was  decisive,  and  practically  closed  the  war  in 
the  Northwest. 


INDIANS   ATTACKING   A   STOCKADE. 


Just  who  killed  the  great  chief  has  been  a  matter  of  much  dispute  ; 
but  the  weight  of  opinion  awards  the  act  to  Col.  Richard  M.  Johnson, 
who  fired  at  him  with  a  pistol,  the  shot  proving  fatal. 

In  1805  occurred  Burr's  Insurrection.  He  took  possession  of  a 
beautiful  island  in  the  Ohio,  after  the  killing  of  Hamilton,  and  is  charged 
by  many  with  attempting  to  set  up  an  independent  government.  His 
plans  were  frustrated  by  the  general  government,  his  property  confiscated 
and  he  was  compelled  to  flee  the  country  for  safety. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  73 

In  January,  1807,  Governor  Hull,  of  Michigan  Territory,  made  a 
treaty  with  the  Indians,  whereby  all  that  peninsula  was  ceded  to  the 
United  States.  Before  the  close  of  the  year,  a  stockade  was  built  about 
Detroit.  It  was  also  during  this  year  that  Indiana  and  Illinois  endeavored 
to  obtain  the  repeal  of  that  section  of  the  compact  of  1787,  whereby 
slavery  was  excluded  from  the  Northwest  Territory.  These  attempts, 
however,  all  signally  failed. 

In  1809  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  divide  the  Indiana  Territory. 
This  was  done,  and  the  Territory  of  Illinois  was  formed  from  the  western 
part,  the  seat  of  government  being  fixed  at  Kaskaskia.  The  next  year, 
the  intentions  of  Tecumseh  manifested  themselves  in  open  hostilities,  and 
then  began  the  events  already  narrated. 

While  this  war  was  in  progress,  emigration  to  the  West  went  on  with 
surprising  rapidity.  In  1811,  under  Mr.  Roosevelt  of  New  York,  the 
first  steamboat  trip  was  made  on  the  Ohio,  much  to  the  astonishment  of 
the  natives,  many  of  whom  fled  in  terror  at  the  appearance  of  the 
"  monster."  It  arrived  at  Louisville  on  the  10th  day  of  October.  At  the 
close  of  the  first  week  of  January,  1812,  it  arrived  at  Natchez,  after  being 
nearly  overwhelmed  in  the  great  earthquake  which  occurred  while  on  its 
downward  trip. 

The  battle  of  the  Thames  was  fought  on  October  6,  1813.  It 
effectually  closed  hostilities  in  the  Northwest,  although  peace  was  not 
fully  restored  until  July  22,  1814,  when  a  treaty  was  formed  at  Green- 
ville, under  the  direction  of  General  Harrison,  between  the  United  States 
and  the  Indian  tribes,  in  which  it  was  stipulated  that  the  Indians  should 
cease  hostilities  against  the  Americans  if  the  war  were  continued.  Such, 
happily,  was  not  the  case,  and  on  the  24th  of  December  the  treaty 
of  Ghent  was  signed  by  the  representatives  of  England  and  the  United 
States.  This  treaty  was  followed  the  next  year  by  treaties  with  various 
Indian  tribes  throughout  the  West  and  Northwest,  and  quiet  was  again 
restored  in  this  part  of  the  new  world. 

On  the  18th  of  March,  1816,  Pittsburgh  was  incorporated  as  a  city. 
It  then  had  a  population  of  8,000  people,  and  was  already  noted  for  its 
manufacturing  interests.  On  April  19,  Indiana  Territory  was  allowed 
to  form  a  state  government.  At  that  time  there  were  thirteen  counties 
organized,  containing  about  sixty-three  thousand  inhabitants.  The  first 
election  of  state  officers  was  held  in  August,  when  Jonathan  Jennings 
was  chosen  Governor.  The  officers  were  sworn  in  on  November  7,  and 
on  December  11,  the  State  was  formally  admitted  into  the  Union.  For 
some  time  the  seat  of  government  was  at  Corydon,  but  a  more  central 
location  being  desirable,  the  present  capital,  Indianapolis  (City  of  Indiana), 
was  laid  out  January  1,  1825. 


74  THE  NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 

Oa  the  28th  of  December  the  Bank  of  Illinois,  at  Shawneetown,  was 
chartered,  with  a  capital  of  $300,000.  At  this  period  all  banks  were 
under  the  control  of  the  States,  and  were  allowed  to  establish  branches 
at  different  convenient  points. 

Until  this  time  Chillicothe  and  Cincinnati  had  in  turn  enjoyed  the 
privileges  of  being  the  capital  of  Ohio.  But  the  rapid  settlement  of  the 
northern  and  eastern  portions  of  the  State  demanded,  as  in  Indiana,  a 
more  central  location,  and  before  the  close  of  the  year,  the  site  of  Col- 
umbus was  selected  and  surveyed  as  the  future  capital  of  the  State. 
Banking  had  begun  in  Ohio  as  early  as  1808,  when  the  first  bank  was 
chartered  at  Marietta,  but  here  as  elsewhere  it  did  not  bring  to  the  state 
the  hoped-for  assistance.  It  and  other  banks  were  subsequently  unable 
to  redeem  their  currency,  and  were  obliged  to  suspend. 

In  1818,  Illinois  was  made  a  state,  and  all  the  territory  north  of  her 
northern  limits  was  erected  into  a  separate  territory  and  joined  to  Mich- 
igan for  judicial  purposes.  By  the  following  year,  navigation  of  the  lakes 
was  increasing  with  great  rapidity  and  affording  an  immense  source  of 
revenue  to  the  dwellers  in  the  Northwest,  but  it  was  not  until  1826  that 
the  trade  was  extended  to  Lake  Michigan,  or  that  steamships  began  to 
navigate  the  bosom  of  that  inland  sea. 

Until  the  year  1832,  the  commencement  of  the  Black  Hawk  "War, 
but  few  hostilities  were  experienced  with  the  Indians.  Roads  were 
opened,  canals  were  dug,  cities  were  built,  common  schools  were  estab- 
lished, universities  were  founded,  many  of  which,  especiall}'  the  Michigan 
University,  have  achieved  a  world  wide-reputation.  The  people  were 
becoming  wealthy.  The  domains  of  the  United  States  had  been  extended, 
and  had  the  sons  of  the  forest  been  treated  with  honesty  and  justice,  the 
record  of  many  years  would  have  been  that  of  peace  and  continuous  pros- 
perity. 

BLACK    HAWK  AND    THE  BLACK    HAWK    WAR. 

This  conflict,  though  confined  to  Illinois,  is  an  important  epoch  in 
the  Northwestern  history,  being  the  last  war  with  the  Indians  in  this  part 
of  the  United  States. 

Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah,  or  Black  Hawk,  was  born  in  the  principal 
Sac  village,  about  three  miles  from  the  junction  of  Rock  River  with  the 
Mississippi,  in  the  year  1767.  His  father's  name  was  Py-e-sa  or  Pahaes ; 
his  grandfather's,  Na-na-ma-kee,  or  the  Thunderer.  Black  Hawk  early 
distinguished  himself  as  a  warrior,  and  at  the  age  of  fifteen  was  permitted 
to  paint  and  was  ranked  among  the  braves.  About  the  year  1783,  he 
went  on  an  expedition  against  the  enemies  of  his  nation,  the  Osages,  one 


THT5    NORTHWEST   TERBITORY. 


76 


BLACK  HAWK,  THE  SAC  CHIEFTAIN. 


76  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

of  whom  he  killed  and  scalped,  and  for  this  deed  of  Indian  bravery  he  was 
permitted  to  join  in  the  scalp  dance.  Three  or  four  years  after  he,  at  the 
head  of  two  hundred  braves,  went  on  another  expedition  against  the 
Osages,  to  avenge  the  murder  of  some  women  and  children  belonging  to 
his  own  tribe.  Meeting  an  equal  number  of  Osage  warriors,  a  fierce 
battle  ensued,  in  which  the  latter  tribe  lost  one-half  their  number.  The 
Sacs  lost  only  about  nineteen  warriors.  He  next  attacked  the  Cherokees 
for  a  similar  cause.  In  a  severe  battle  with  them,  near  the  present  City 
of  St.  Louis,  his  father  was  slain,  and  Black  Hawk,  taking  possession  of 
the  "  Medicine  Bag,"  at  once  announced  himself  chief  of  the  Sac  nation. 
He  had  now  conquered  the  Cherokees,  and  about  the  year  1 800,  at  the 
head  of  five  hundred  Sacs  and  Foxes,  and  a  hundred  lowas,  he  waged 
war  against  the  Osage  nation  and  subdued  it.  For  two  years  he  battled 
successfully  with  other  Indian  tribes,  all  of  whom  he  conquered. 

Black  Hawk  does  not  at  any  time  seem  to  have  been  friendly  to 
the  Americans.  When  on  a  visit  to  St.  Louis  to  see  his  "  Spanish 
Father,"  he  declined  to  see  any  of  the  Americans,  alleging,  as  a  reason, 
he  did  not  want  two  fathers. 

The  treaty  at  St.  Louis  was  consummated  in  1804.  The  next  year  the 
United  States  Government  erected  a  fort  near  the  head  of  the  Des  Moines 
Rapids,  called  Fort  Edwards.  This  seemed  to  enrage  Black  Hawk,  who 
at  once  determined  to  capture  Fort  Madison,  standing  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Mississippi  above  the  mouth  of  the  Des  Moines  River.  The  fort  was 
garrisoned  by  about  fifty  men.  Here  he  was  defeated.  The  difficulties 
with  the  British  Government  arose  about  this  time,  and  the  War  of  1812 
followed.  That  government,  extending  aid  to  the  Western  Indians,  by 
giving  them  arms  and  ammunition,  induced  them  to  remain  hostile  to  the 
Americans.  In  August,  1812,  Black  Hawk,  at  the  head  of  about  five 
hundred  braves,  started  to  join  the  British  forces  at  Detroit,  passing  on 
his  way  the  site  of  Chicago,  where  the  famous  Fort  Dearborn  Massacre 
had  a  few  days  before  occurred.  Of  his  connection  with  the  British 
Government  but  little  is  known.  In  1813  he  with  his  little  band  descended 
the  Mississippi,  and  attacking  some  United  States  troops  at  Fort  Howard 
was  defeated. 

In  the  early  part  of  1815,  the  Indian  tribes  west  of  the  Mississippi 
were  notified  that  peace  had  been  declared  between  the  United  States 
and  England,  and  nearly  all  hostilities  had  ceased.  Black  Hawk  did  not 
sign  any  treaty,  however,  until  May  of  the  following  year.  He  then  recog- 
nized the  validity  of  the  treaty  at  St.  Louis  in  1804.  From  the  time  of 
signing  this  treaty  in  1816,  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  in  1832,  he 
and  his  band  passed  their  time  in  the  common  pursuits  of  Indian  life. 

Ten  years  before  the  commencement  of  this  war,  the  Sac  and  Fox 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  77 

Indians  were  urged  to  join  the  lowas  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Father  of 
Waters.  All  Avere  agreed,  save  the  band  known  as  the  British  Band,  of 
which  Black  Hawk  was  leader.  He  strenuously  objected  to  the  removal, 
and  was  induced  to  comply  only  after  being  threatened  with  the  power  of 
the  Government.  This  and  various  actions  on  the  part  of  the  white  set- 
tlers provoked  Black  Hawk  and  his  band  to  attempt  the  capture  of  his 
native  village  now  occupied  by  the  whites.  The  war  followed.  He  and 
his  actions  were  undoubtedly  misunderstood,  and  had  his  wishes  been 
acquiesced  in  at  the  beginning  of  the  struggle,  much  bloodshed  would 
have  been  prevented. 

Black  Hawk  was  chief  now  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  nations,  and  a  noted 
warrior.  He  and  his  tribe  inhabited  a  village  on  Rock  River,  nearly  three 
miles  above  its  confluence  with  the  Mississippi,  where  the  tribe  had  lived 
many  generations.  When  that  portion  of  Illinois  was  reserved  to  them, 
they  remained  in  peaceable  possession  of  their  reservation,  spending  their 
time  in  the  enjoyment  of  Indian  life.  The  fine  situation  of  their  village 
and  the  quality  of  their  lands  incited  the  more  lawless  white  settlers,  who 
from  time  to  time  began  to  encroach  upon  the  red  men's  domain.  From 
one  pretext  to  another,  and  from  one  step  to  another,  the  crafty  white 
men  gained  a  foothold,  until  through  whisky  and  artifice  they  obtained 
deeds  from  many  of  the  Indians  for  their  possessions.  The  Indians  were 
finally  induced  to  cross  over  the  Father  of  Waters  and  locate  among  the 
lowas.  Black  Hawk  was  strenuously  opposed  to  all  this,  but  as  the 
authorities  of  Illinois  and  the  United  States  thought  this  the  best  move,  he 
was  forced  to  comply.  Moreover  other  tribes  joined  the  whites  and  urged 
the  removal.  Black  Hawk  would  not  agree  to  the  terms  of  the  treaty 
made  with  his  nation  for  their  lands,  and  as  soon  as  the  military,  called  to 
enforce  his  removal,  had  retired,  he  returned  to  the  Illinois  side  of  the 
river.  A  large  force  was  at  once  raised  and  marched  against  him.  On 
the  evening  of  May  14,  1832,  the  first  engagement  occurred  between  a 
band  from  this  army  and  Black  Hawk's  band,  in  which  the  former  were 
defeated. 

This  attack  and  its  result  aroused  the  whites.  A  large  force  of  men 
was  raised,  and  Gen.  Scott  hastened  from  the  seaboard,  by  way  of  the 
lakes,  with  United  States  troops  and  artillery  to  aid  in  the  subjugation  of 
the  Indians.  On  the  24th  of  June,  Black  Hawk,  with  200  warriors,  was 
repulsed  by  Major  Demont  between  Rock  River  and  Galena.  The  Ameri- 
can army  continued  to  move  up  Rock  River  toward  the  main  body  of 
the  Indians,  and  on  the  21st  of  July  came  upon  Black  Hawk  and  his  band, 
and  defeated  them  near  the  Blue  Mounds. 

Before  this  action.  Gen.  Henry,  in  command,  sent  word  to  the  main 
army  by  whom  he  was  immediately  rejoined,  and  the  whole  crossed  the 


78  THE  NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 

Wisconsin  in  pursuit  of  Black  Hawk  and  his  band  who  were  fleeing  to  the 
Mississippi.  They  were  overtaken  on  the  2d  of  August,  and  in  the  battle 
which  followed  the  power  of  the  Indian  chief  was  completely  broken.  He 
fled,  but  was  seized  by  the  Winnebagoes  and  delivered  to  the  whites. 

On  the  21st  of  September,  1832,  Gen.  Scott  and  Gov.  Reynolds  con- 
cluded a  treaty  with  the  Winnebagoes,  Sacs  and  Foxes  by  which  they 
ceded  ^to  the  United  States  avast  tract  of  country,  and  agreed  to  remain 
peaceable  with  the  whites.  For  the  faithful  performance  of  the  provi- 
sions of  this  treaty  on  the  part  of  the  Indians,  it  was  stipulated  that 
Black  Hawk,  his  two  sons,  the  prophet  Wabokieshiek,  and  six  other  chiefs 
of  the  hostile  bands  should  be  retained  as  hostages  during  the  pleasure 
of  the  President.    They  were  confined  at  Fort  Barracks  and  put  in  irons. 

The  next  Spring,  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  they  were  taken 
to  Washington.  From  there  they  were  removed  to  Fortress  Monroe, 
"there  to  remain  until  the  conduct  of  their  nation  was  such  as  to  justify 
their  being  set  at  liberty."  They  were  retained  here  until  the  4th  of 
June,  when  the  authorities  directed  them  to  be  taken  to  the  principal 
cities  so  that  they  might  see  the  folly  of  contending  against  the  white 
people.  Ever3'where  they  were  observed  by  thousands,  the  name  of  the 
old  chief  being  extensively  known.  By  the  middle  of  August  they 
reached  Fort  Armstrong  on  Rock  Island,  where  Black  Hawk  was  soon 
after  released  to  go  to  his  countrymen.  As  he  passed  the  site  of  his  birth- 
place, now  the  home  of  the  white  man,  he  was  deeply  moved.  His'  village 
where  he  was  born,  where  he  had  so  happily  lived,  and  where  he  had 
hoped  to  die,  was  now  another's  dwelling  place,  and  he  was  a  wanderer. 

On  the  next  day  after  his  release,  he  went  at  once  to  his  tribe  and 
his  lodge.  His  wife  was  yet  living,  and  with  her  he  passed  the  remainder 
of  his  days.  To  his  credit  it  may  be  said  that  Black  Hawk  always  re- 
mained true  to  his  wife,  and  served  her  with  a  devotion  uncommon  among 
the  Indians,  living  with  her  upward  of  forty  years. 

Black  Hawk  now  passed  his  time  hunting  and  fishing.  A  deep  mel- 
ancholy had  settled  over  him  from  which  he  could  not  be  freed.  At  all 
times  when  he  visited  the  whites  he  was  received  with  marked  atten- 
tion. He  was  an  honored  guest  at  the  old  settlers'  reunion  in  Lee  County, 
Illinois,  at  some  of  their  meetings,  and  received  many  tokens  of  esteem. 
In  September,  1838,  while  on  his  way  to  Rock  Island  to  receive  his 
annuity  from  the  Government,  he  contracted  a  severe  cold  which  resulted 
in  a  fatal  attack  of  bilious  fever  which  terminated  his  life  on  October  3. 
His  faithful  wife,  who  was  devotedly  attached  to  him,  mourned  deeply 
during  his  sickness.  After  his  death  he  was  dressed  in  the  uniform  pre- 
sented to  him  by  the  President  while  in  Washington.  He  was  buried  in 
a  grave  six  feet  in  depth,  situated  upon  a  beautiful  eminence.     "  The 


THE   NOTtTHWKST   TERRITORY.  79 

body  was  placed  in  the  middle  of  the  grave,  in  a  sitting  posture,  upon  a 
seat  constructed  for  the  purpose.  On  his  left  side,  the  cane,  given  him 
by  Henry  Clay,  was  placed  upright,  with  'his  right  hand  resting  upon  it. 
Many  of  the  old  warrior's  trophies  were  placed  in  the  grave,  and  some 
Indian  garments,  together  with  his  favorite  weapons." 

No  sooner  was  the  Black  Hawk  war  concluded  than  settlers  began 
rapidly  to  pour  into  the  northern  parts  of  Illinois,  and  into  Wisconsin, 
now  free  from  Indian  depredations.  Chicago,  from  a  trading  post,  had 
grown  to  a  commercial  center,  and  was  rapidly  coming  into  prominence. 
In  1835,  the  formation  of  a  State  Government  in  Michigan  was  discussed, 
but  did  not  take  active  form  until  two  years  later,  when  the  State  became 
a  part  of  the  Federal  Union. 

The  main  attraction  to  that  portion  of  the  Northwest  lying  west  of 
Lake  Michigan,  now  included  in  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  was  its  alluvial 
wealth.  Copper  ore  was  found  about  Lake  Superior.  For  some  time  this 
region  was  attached  to  Michigan  for  judiciary  purposes,  but  in  1830  was 
made  a  territory,  then  including  Minnesota  and  Iowa.  The  latter  State 
was  detached  two  years  later.  In  1848,  Wisconsin  was  admitted  as  a 
State,  Madison  being  made  the  capital.  We  have  now  traced  the  various 
divisions  of  the  Northwest  Territory  (save  a  little  in  Minnesota)  from 
the  time  it  was  a  unit  comprising  this  vast  territory,  until  circumstances 
compelled  its  present  division. 

OTHER   INDIAN   TROUBLES. 

Before  leaving  this  part  of  the  narrative,  we  will  narrate  briefly  the 
Indian  troubles  in  Minnesota  and  elsewhere  by  the  Sioux  Indians. 

In  August,  1862,  the  Sioux  Indians  living  on  the  western  borders  of 
Minnesota  fell  upon  the  unsuspecting  settlers,  and  in  a  few  hours  mas- 
sacred ten  or  twelve  hundred  persons.  A  distressful  panic  was  the 
immediate  result,  fully  thirty  thousand  persons  fleeing  from  their  homes 
to  districts  supposed  to  be  better  protected.  The  military  authorities 
at  once  took  active  measures  to  punish  the  savages,  and  a  large  number 
were  killed  and  captured.  About  a  year  after,  Little  Crow,  the  chief, 
was  killed  by  a  Mr.  Lampson  near  Scattered  Lake.  Of  those  captured, 
thirty  were  hung  at  Mankato,  and  the  remainder,  through  fears  of  mob 
violence,  were  removed  to  Camp  McClellan,  on  the  outskirts  of  the  City 
of  Davenport.  It  was  here  that  Big  Eagle  came  into  prominence  and 
secured  his  release  by  the  following  order : 


80 


THE  NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 


BIG  EAGLE. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  81 

"Special  Order,  No.  430.  "War  Department, 

"  Adjutant  General's  Office,  Washington,  Dec.  3, 1864. 

"  Big  Eagle,  an  Indian  now  in  confinement  at  Davenport,  Iowa, 
will,  upon  the  receipt  of  this  order,  be  immediately  released  from  confine- 
ment and  set  at  liberty. 

'•  By  order  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. 
"  Official :  "  E.  D.  Townsend,  AssH  Adft  G-en. 

"  Capt.  James  Vanderventer,  Corti'y  Sub.  Vols. 

"  Through  Com'g  Gen'l,  Washington,  D.  C." 

Another  Indian  who  figures  more  prominently  than  Big  Eagle,  and 
who  Avas  more  cowardly  in  his  nature,  with  his  band  of  Modoc  Indians, 
is  noted  in  the  annals  of  the  New  Northwest :  we  refer  to  Captain  Jack. 
This  distinguished  Indian,  noted  for  his  cowardly  murder  of  Gen.  Canby, 
was  a  chief  of  a  Modoc  tribe  of  Indians  inhabiting  the  border  lands 
between  California  and  Oregon.  This  region  of  country  comprises  what 
is  known  as  the  "  Lava  Beds,"  a  tract  of  land  described  as  utterly  impene- 
trable, save  by  those  savages  who  had  made  it  their  home. 

The  Modocs  are  known  as  an  exceedingly  fierce  and  treacherous 
race.  They  had,  according  to  their  own  traditions,  resided  here  for  many 
generations,  and  at  one  time  were  exceedingly  numerous  and  powerful. 
A  famine  carried  off  nearly  half  their  numbers,  and  disease,  indolence 
and  the  vices  of  the  white  man  have  reduced  them  to  a  poor,  weak  and 
insignificant  tribe. 

Soon  after  the  settlement  of  California  and  Oregon,  complaints  began 
to  be  heard  of  massacres  of  emigrant  trains  passing  through  the  Modoc 
country.  In  1847,  an  emigrant  train,  comprising  eighteen  souls,  was  en- 
tirely destroyed  at  a  place  since  known  as  "  Bloody  Point."  These  occur- 
rences caused  the  United  States  Government  to  appoint  a  peace  commission, 
who,  after  repeated  attempts,  in  1864,  made  a  treaty  with  the  Modocs, 
Snakes  and  Klamaths,  in  which  it  was  agreed  on  their  part  to  remove  to 
a  reservation  set  apart  for  them  in  the  southern  part  of  Oregon. 

With  the  exception  of  Captain  Jack  and  a  band  of  his  followers,  who 
remained  at  Clear  Lake,  about  six  miles  from  Klamath,  all  the  Indians 
complied.  The  Modocs  who  went  to  the  reservation  were  under  chief 
Schonchin.  Captain  Jack  remained  at  the  lake  without  disturbance 
until  1869,  when  he  was  also  induced  to  remove  to  the  reservation.  The 
Modocs  and  the  Klamaths  soon  became  involved  in  a  quarrel,  and  Captain 
Jack  and  his  band  returned  to  the  Lava  Beds. 

Several  attempts  were  made  by  the  Indian  Commissioners  to  induce 
them  to  return  to  the  reservation,  and  finally  becoming  involved  in  a 


82  THE   NORTEHVEST   TERRITORY. 

difficulty  with  the  commissioner  and  his  military  escort,  a  fight  ensued, 
in  which  the  chief  and  his  band  were  routed.  They  were  greatly  enraged, 
and  on  their  retreat,  before  the  day  closed,  killed  eleven  inoffensive  whites. 

The  nation  was  aroused  and  immediate  action  demanded.  A  com- 
mission was  at  once  appointed  by  the  Government  to  see  what  could  be 
done.  It  comprised  the  following  persons  :  Gen.  E.  R.  S.  Canby,  Rev. 
Dr.  E.  Thomas,  a  leading  Methodist  divine  of  California ;  Mr,  A.  B. 
Meacham,  Judge  Rosborough,  of  California,  and  a  Mr.  Dyer,  of  Oregon. 
After  several  interviews,  in  which  the  savages  were  always  aggressive, 
often  appearing  with  scalps  in  their  belts,  Bogus  Charley  came  to  the 
commission  on  the  evening  of  April  10,  1873,  and  informed  them  that 
Capt.  Jack  and  his  band  would  have  a  "  talk  "  to-morrow  at  a  place  near 
Clear  Lake,  about  three  miles  distant.  Here  the  Commissioners,  accom- 
panied by  Charley,  Riddle,  the  interpreter,  and  Boston  Charley  repaired. 
After  the  usual  greeting  the  council  proceedings  commenced.  On  behalf 
of  the  Indians  there  were  present :  Capt.  Jack,  Black  Jim,  Schnac  Nasty 
Jim,  Ellen's  Man,  and  Hooker  Jim.  They  had  no  guns,  but  carried  pis- 
tols. After  short  speeches  by  Mr.  Meacham,  Gen.  Canby  and  Dr.  Thomas, 
Chief  Schonchin  arose  to  speak.  He  had  scarcely  proceeded  when, 
as  if  by  a  preconcerted  arrangement,  Capt.  Jack  drew  his  pistol  and  shot 
Gen.  Canby  dead.  In  less  than  a  minute  a  dozen  shots  were  fired  by  the 
savages,  and  the  massacre  completed.  Mr.  Meacham  was  shot  by  Schon- 
chin, and  Dr.  Thomas  by  Boston  Charley.  Mr.  Dyer  barely  escaped,  being 
fired  at  twice.  Riddle,  the  interpreter,  and  his  squaw  escaped.  The 
troops  rushed  to  the  spot  where  they  found  Gen.  Canby  and  Dr.  Thomas 
dead,  and  Mr.  Meacham  badly  wounded.  The  savages  had  escaped  to 
their  impenetrable  fastnesses  and  could  not  be  pursued. 

The  whole  country  was  aroused  by  this  brutal  massacre ;  but  it  was 
not  until  the  following  May  that  the  murderers  were  brought  to  justice. 
At  that  time  Boston  Charley  gave  himself  up,  and  offered  to  guide  the 
troops  to  Capt.  Jack's  stronghold.  This  led  to  the  capture  of  his  entire 
gang,  a  number  of  whom  were  murdered  by  Oregon  volunteers  Avhile  on 
their  way  to  trial.  The  remaining  Indians  were  held  as  prisoners  until 
July  when  their  trial  occurred,  which  led  to  the  conviction  of  Capt. 
Jack,  Schonchin,  Boston  Charley,  Hooker  Jim,  Broncho,  alias  One-Eyed 
Jim,  and  Slotuck,  who  were  sentenced  to  be  hanged.  These  sentences 
were  approved  by  the  President,  save  in  the  case  of  Slotuck  and  Broncho 
whose  sentences  were  commuted  to  imprisonment  for  life.  The  others 
were  executed  at  Fort  Klamath,  October  3,  1873. 

These  closed  the  Indian  ti'oubles  for  a  time  in  the  Northwest,  and  for 
several  years  the  borders  of  civilization  remained  in  peace.  They  were 
again  involved  in  a   conflict  with  the  savages  about  the  country  of  the 


THE  NORTHWEST   TEKRITORY. 


83 


^i^^^^*^ 


CAPTAIN  JACK,  THE  MODOC  CHIEFTAIN. 


84  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

Black  Hills,  in  which  war  the  gallant  Gen.  Custer  lost  his  life.  Just 
now  the  borders  of  Oregon  and  California  are  again  in  fear  of  hostilities  ; 
but  as  the  Government  has  learned  how  to  deal  with  the  Indians,  they 
will  be  of  short  duration.  The  red  man  is  fast  passing  away  before  the 
march  of  the  white  man,  and  a  few  more  generations  will  read  of  the 
Indians  as  one  of  the  nations  of  the  past. 

The  Northwest  abounds  in  memorable  places.  We  have  generally 
noticed  them  in  the  narrative,  but  our  space  forbids  their  description  in 
detail,  save  of  the  most  important  places.  Detroit,  Cincinnati,  Vincennes, 
Kaskaskia  and  their  kindred  towns  have  all  been  described.  But  ere  we 
leave  the  narrative  we  will  present  our  readers  with  an  account  of  the 
Kinzie  house,  the  old  landmark  of  Chicago,  and  the  discovery  of  the 
source  of  the  Mississippi  River,  each  of  which  may  well  find  a  place  in 
the  annals  of  the  Northwest. 

Mr.  John  Kinzie,  of  the  Kinzie  house,  represented  in  the  illustra- 
tion, established  a  trading  house  at  Fort  Dearborn  in  1804.  The  stockade 
had  been  erected  the  year  previous,  and  named  Fort  Dearborn  in  honor 
of  the  Secretary  of  War.  It  had  a  block  house  at  each  of  the  two  angles, 
on  the  southern  side  a  sallyport,  a  covered  way  on  the  north  side,  that  led 
down  to  the  river,  for  the  double  purpose  of  providing  means  of  escape, 
and  of  procuring  water  in  the  event  of  a  siege. 

Fort  Dearborn  stood  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Chicago  River,  about 
half  a  mile  from  its  mouth.  When  Major  Whistler  built  it,  his  soldiers 
hauled  all  the  timber,  for  he  had  no  oxen,  and  so  economically  did  he 
work  that  the  fort  cost  the  Government  only  fifty  dollars.  For  a  while 
the  garrison  could  get  no  grain,  and  Whistler  and  his  men  subsisted  on 
acorns.     Now  Chicago  is  the  greatest  grain  center  in  the  world. 

Mr.  Kinzie  bought  the  hut  of  the  first  settler,  Jean  Baptiste  Point  au 
Sable,  on  the  site  of  which  he  erected  his  mansion.  Within  an  inclosure 
in  front  he  planted  some  Lombardy  poplars,  seen  in  the  engraving,  and  in 
the  rear  he  soon  had  a  fine  garden  and  growing  orchard. 

In  1812  the  Kinzie  house  and  its  surroundings  became  the  theater 
of  stirring  events.  The  gari'ison  of  Fort  Dearborn  consisted  of  fifty-four 
men,  under  the  charge  of  Capt.  Nathan  Heald,  assisted  by  Lieutenant 
Lenai  T.  Helm  (son-in-law  to  Mrs.  Kinzie),  and  Ensign  Ronan.  The 
surgeon  was  Dr.  Voorhees.  The  only  residents  at  the  post  at  that  time 
were  the  wives  of  Capt.  Heald  and  Lieutenant  Helm  and  a  few  of  the 
soldiers,  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family,  and  a  few  Canadian  voyagers  with  their 
wives  and  children.  The  soldiers  and  Mr.  Kinzie  were  on  the  most 
friendly  terms  with  the  Pottawatomies  and  the  Winnebagoes,  the  prin- 
cipal tribes  around  them,  but  they  could  not  win  them  from  their  attach- 
ment to  the  British. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


86 


After  the  battle  of  Tippecanoe  it  was  observed  that  some  of  the  lead- 
ing chiefs  became  sullen,  for  some  of  their  people  had  perished  in  that 
conflict  with  American  troops. 

One  evening-  in  April,  1812,  Mr.  Kinzie  sat  playing  his  violin  and  his 
children  were  dancing  to  the  music,  when  Mrs.  Kinzie  came  rushing  into 
the  house  pale  with  terror,  and  exclaiming, ''  The  Indians  !  the  Indians  I  " 
"  What  ?  Where  ?  "  eagerly  inquired  Mr.  Kinzie.  "  Up  at  Lee's,  killing 
and  scalping,"  answered  the  frightened  mother,  who,  when  the  alarm  was 
given,  was  attending  Mrs.  Burns,  a  newly-made  mother,  living  not  fur  off. 


KINZIE    HOUSE. 

Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family  crossed  the  river  in  boats,  and  took  refuge  in 
the  fort,  to  which  place  Mrs.  Burns  and  her  infant,  not  a  day  old,  were 
conveyed  in  safety  to  the  shelter  of  the  guns  of  Fort  Dearborn,  and  the 
rest  of  the  white  inhabitants  fled.  The  Indians  were  a  scalping  party  of 
Winnebagoes,  who  hovered  around  the  fort  some  days,  when  they  dis- 
appeared, and  for  several  weeks  the  inhabitants  were  not  disturbed  by 
alarms. 

Chicago  was  then  so  deep  in  the  wilderness,  that  the  news  of  the 
declaration  of  war  against  Great  Britain,  made  on  the  19th  of  June,  1812, 
did  not  reach  the  commander  of  the  garrison  at  Fort  Dearborn  till  the  7th 
of  August.  Now  the  fast  mail  train  will  carry  a  man  from  New  York  to 
Chicago  in  twenty-seven  hours,  and  such  a  declaration  might  be  sent, 
every  word,  by  the  telegraph  in  less  than  the  same  number  of  minutes. 


THE   l!fOETHWEST    TERRITORY. 


87 


PRESENT    CONDITION    OF    THE    NORTHWEST. 

Preceding-  chapters  have  brought  us  to  the  close  of  the  Black  Hawk 
war,  and  we  now  turn  to  the  contemplation  of  the  growth  and  prosperity 
of  the  Northwest  under  the  smile  of  peace  and  the  blessings  of  our  civili- 
zation.    The  pioneers  of  this  region  date  events  back  to  the  deep  snow 


A    KEPEJiSENTATIVK    PIOXEEB. 


of  1831,  no  one  arriving  here  since  that  date  taking  first  honors.  The 
inciting  cause  of  the  immigration  which  overflowed  the  prairies  early  in 
the  '30s  was  the  reports  of  the  marvelous  beauty  and  fertility  of  the 
region  distributed  through  the  East  by  those  who  had  participated  in  the 
Black  Hawk  campaign  with  Gen.  Scott.  Chicago  and  Milwaukee  then 
had  a  few  hundred  inhabitants,  and  Gurdon  S.  Hubbard's  trail  from  the 
former  city  to  Kaskaskia  led  almost  through  a  wilderness.  Vegetables 
and  clothing  were  largely  distributed  through  the  regions  adjoining  the 


88 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERBITORY. 


lakes  by  steamers  from  the  Ohio  towns.  There  are  men  now  living  in 
Illinois  who  came  to  the  state  when  barely  an  acre  was  in  cultivation, 
and  a  man  now  prominent  in  the  business  circles  of  Chicago  looked  over 
the  swampy,  cheerless  site  of  that  metropolis  in  1818  and  went  south- 
ward into  civilization.     Emisrrants  from  Pennsvlvania  in  1830  left  behind 


LINCOLN    MONUMENT,    SPRINGFIELD,    ILLINOIS. 

them  but  one  small  railway  in  the  coal  regions,  thirty  miles  in  length, 
and  made  their  way  to  the  Northwest  mostly  with  ox  teams,  finding  in 
Northern  Illinois  petty  settlements  scores  of  miles  apart,  although  the 
southern  portion  of  the  state  was  fairly  dotted  with  farms.  The 
water  courses  of  the  lakes  and  rivers  furnished  transportation  to  the 
second  great  army  of  immigrants,  and  about  1850  railroads  were 
pushed  to  that  extent  that  the  crisis  of  1837  was  precipitated  upon  us, 


THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


89 


from  the  effects  of  which  the  Western  country  had  not  fully  recovered 
at  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  Hostilities  found  the  colonists  of  the  prairies 
fnllv  alive  to  the  demands  of  the  occasion,  and  the  honor  of  recruiting 


the  vast  armies  of  the  Union  fell  largely  to  Gov.  Yates,  of  Illinois,  and 
Gov.  Morton,  of  Indiana.  To  recount  the  share  of  the  glories  of  the 
campaign  won  'by  q'zv  Western  troops  is  a  needless  task,  except  to 
mention  the  fact  that  Illinois  gave  to  zhe  nation  the  President  who  saved 


90 


THE  NORTHWEST   TEEKITORY. 


it,  and  sent  out  at  the  head  of  one  of  its  regiments  tne  general  who  led      ' 
its  armies  to  the  final  victoiy  at  Appomattox.      The  struggle,  oil  the      ^ 


ffAKM   VlJiW   IN   WINTER. 


whole,  had  a  marked  eifect  for  the  better  on  the  new  Northwest,  giving 
it  an  impetus  which  twenty  years  of  peace  would'  not  have  produced. 
In  a  large  degree  this  prosperity  was  an  inflated  one,  and  with  the  rest 
of  the  Union  we  have    since    been    compelled  to  atone  therefor  by  four 


THE  NOKTHWEST  TEIiElTORY. 


91 


SPRING   SCENE. 


i.';    ,,Tm      ">•_ 


iii'pii^iiiwiiiiitvi  ill  "'I ' ".  J  vj ''  rw 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY.  93 

years  of  depression  of  values,  of  scarcity  of  employment,  and  loss  of 
fortune.  To  a  less  degree,  however,  than  the  manufacturing  or  mining- 
regions  has  the  West  suffered  during  the  prolonged  panic  noAv  so  near  its 
end.  Agriculture,  still  the  leading  feature  in  our  industries,  has  been 
quite  prosperous  through  all  these  dark  years,  and  the  farmers  have 
cleared  away  many  incumbrances  resting  over  them  from  the  period  of 
fictitious  values.  The  population  has  steadily  increased,  the  arts  and 
sciences  are  gaining  a  stronger  foothold,  the  trade  area  of  the  region  is 
becoming  daily  more  extended,  and  we  have  been  largely  exempt  from 
the  financial  calamities  which  have  nearly  wrecked  communities  on  the 
st-aboard  dependent  wholly  on  foreign  commerce  or  domestic  manufacture. 

At  the  present  period  there  are  no  great  schemes  broached  for  the 
Northwest,  no  propositions  for  government  subsidies  or  national  works 
of  improvement,  but  the  capital  of  the  world  fs  attracted  hither  for  the 
purcliase  of  our  pi-oducts  or  the  expansion  of  our  capacity  for  serving  the 
nation  at  large.  A  new  era  is  dawning  as  to  transportation,  and  we  bid 
fair  to  deal  almost  exclusively  with  the  increasing  and  expanding  lines 
of  steel  rail  running  through  every  few  miles  of  territory  on  the  prairies. 
Tlie  lake  marine  will  no  doubt  continue  to  be  useful  in  the  warmer 
season,  and  to  serve  as  a  regulator  of  freight  rates  ;  but  experienced 
navigators  forecast  the  decav  of  the  svstem  in  movinof  to  the  seaboard 
the  enormous  crops  of  the  West.  Within  the  past  five  years  it  has 
become  quite  common  to  see  direct  shipments  to  Europe  and  the  West 
Indies  going  through  from  the  second-class  towns  along  the  Mississippi 
and  Missouri. 

As  to  popular  education,  the  standard  has  of  late  risen  very  greatly, 
and  our  schools  would  be  creditable  to  any  section  of  the  Union. 

More  and  more  as  the  events  of  the  war  pass  into  obscurity  will  the 
fate  of  the  Northwest  be  linked  with  that  of  the  Southwest,  and  the 
next  Congressional  apportionment  will  give  the  valley  of  the  Mississippi 
absolute  control  of  the  legislation  of  the  nation,  and  do  much  toward 
securing  the  removal  of  the  Federal  capitol  to  some  more  central  location. 

Our  public  men  continue  to  wield  the  full  share  of  influence  pertain- 
ing to  their  rank  in  the  national  autonomy,  and  seem  not  to  forget  that 
for  the  past  sixteen  years  they  and  their  constituents  have  dictated  the 
principles  which  should  govern  the  country. 

In  a  work  like  this,  destined  to  lie  on  the  shelves  of  the  librarj-  for 
generations,  and  not  doomed  to  daily  destruction  like  a  newspaper,  one 
can  not  indulge  in  the  same  glowing  predictions,  the  sanguine  statements 
of  actualities  that  fill  the  columns  of  ephemeral  publications.  Time  may 
bring  grief  to  the  pet  projects  of  a  writer,  and  explode  castles  erected  on 
a  pedestal  of  facts.     Yet  there  are  unmistakable  indications  before  us  of 


THE   NORTHWEST  TERRITORY.  95 

the  same  radical  change  in  our  great  Northwest  which  characterizes  its 
history  for  the  past  thirty  years.  Our  domain  has  a  sort  of  natural 
geographical  border,  save  where  it  melts  away  to  the  southward  in  the 
cattle  raising  districts  of  the  southwest. 

Our  prime  interest  will  for  some  years  doubtless  be  the  growth  of 
the  food  of  the  world,  in  which  branch  it  has  already  outstripped  all 
competitors,  and  our  great  rival  in  this  duty  will  naturally  be  the  fertile 
plains  of  Kansas,  Nebraska  and  Colorado,  to  say  nothing  of  the  new 
empire  so  rapidly  growing  up  in  Texas.  Over  these  regions  there  is  a 
continued  progress  in  agriculture  and  in  railway  building,  and  we  must 
look  to  our  laurels.  Intelligent  observers  of  events  are  fully  aware  of 
the  strides  made  in  the  way  of  shipments  of  fresh  meats  to  Europe, 
many  of  these  ocean  cargoes  being  actually  slaughtered  in  the  West  and 
transported  on  ice  to  the  wharves  of  the  seaboard  cities.  That  this  new 
enterprise  will  continue  there  is  no  reason  to  doubt.  There  are  in 
Chicago  several  factories  for  the  canning  of  prepared  meats  for  European 
consumption,  and  the  orders  for  this  class  of  goods  are  already  immense. 
English  capital  is  becoming  daily  more  and  more  dissatisfied  with  railway 
loans  and  investments,  and  is  gradually  seeking  mammoth  outlays  in 
lands  and  live  stock.  The  stock  yards  in  Chicago,  Indianapolis  and  East 
St.  Louis  are  yearly  increasing  their  facilities,  and  their  plant  steadily 
grows  more  valuable.  Importations  of  blooded  animals  from  the  pro- 
gressive countries  of  Europe  are  destined  to  greatly  improve  the  quality 
of  our  beef  and  mutton.  Nowhere  is  there  to  be  seen  a  more  enticing 
display  in  this  line  than  at  oar  state  and  county  fairs,  and  the  interest 
in  the  matter  is  on  the  increase. 

To  attempt  to  give  statistics  of  our  grain  production  for  1877  would 
be  useless,  so  far  have  we  surpassed  ourselves  in  the  quantity  and 
quality  of  our  product.  We  are  too  liable  to  forget  that  we  are  giving 
the  world  its  first  article  of  necessity  —  its  food  supply.  An  opportunity 
to  learn  this  fact  so  it  never  can  be  forgotten  was  afforded  at  Chicago  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  great  panic  of  1873,  when  Canadian  purchasers, 
fearing  the  prostration  of  business  mightbring  about  an  anarchical  condition 
of  affairs,  went  to  that  city  with  coin  in  bulk  and  foreign  drafts  to  secure 
their  supplies  in  their  own  currency  at  first  hands.  It  may  be  justly 
claimed  by  the  agricultural  community  that  their  combined  efforts  gave 
the  nation  its  first  impetus  toward  a  restoration  of  its  crippled  industries, 
and  their  labor  brought  the  gold  premium  to  a  lower  depth  than  the 
government  was  able  to  reach  by  its  most  intense  efforts^  of  legislation 
and  compulsion.  The  hundreds  of  millions  about  to  be  disbursed  for 
farm  products  have  already,  by  the  anticipation  common  to  all  commercial 


96 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


nations,  set  the  wheels  in  motion,  and  will  relieve  us  from  the  perils  so 
long  shadowing  our  efforts  to  return  to  a  healthy  tone. 

Manufacturing  has  attained  in  the  chief  cities  a  foothold  which  bids 
fair  to  render  the  Northwest  independent  of  the  outside  world.     Nearly 


our  whole  region  has  a  distribution  of  coal  measures  which  will  in  time 
support  the  manufactures  necessary  to  our  comfort  and  prosperity.  As 
to  transportation,  the  chief  factor  in  the  production  of  all  articles  except 
food,  no  section  is  so  magnificently  endowed,  and  our  facilities  are  yearly 
increasing  beyond  those  of  any  other  req-ion. 


THE   NORTHWEST  TERRITORY.  97 

The  period  from  a  central  point  of  the  war  to  the  outbreak  of  the 
panic  was  marked  by  a  tremendous  growth  in  our  railway  lines,  but  the 
depression  of  the  times  caused  almost  a  total  suspension  of  operations. 
Now  that  prosperity  is  returning  to  our  stricken  country  we  witness  its 
anticipation  by  the  railroad  interest  in  a  series  of  projects,  extensions, 
and  leases  which  bid  fair  to  largely  increase  our  transportation  facilities. 
The  process  of  foreclosure  and  sale  of  incumbered  lines  is  another  matter 
to  be  considered.  In  the  case  of  the  Illinois  Central  road,  which  formerly 
transferred  to  other  lines  at  Cairo  the  vast  burden  of  freight  destined  for 
the  Gulf  region,  Ave  now  see  the  incorporation  of  the  tracks  connecting- 
through  to  New  Orleans,  every  mile  co-operating  in  turning  toward  the 
northwestern  metropolis  the  weight  of  the  inter-state  commerce  of  a 
thousand  miles  or  more  of  fertile  plantations.  Three  competing  routes 
to  Texas  have  established  in  Chicago  their  general  freight  and  jDassenger 
agencies.  Four  or  five  lines  compete  for  all  Pacific  freights  to  a  point  as 
as  far  as  the  interior  of  Nebraska.  Half  a  dozen  or  more  splendid  bridge 
structures  have  been  thrown  across  the  Missouri  and  Mississippi  Rivers  by 
the  railways.  The  Chicago  and  Northwestern  line  has  become  an  aggre- 
gation of  over  two  thousand  miles  of  rail,  and  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee 
and  St.  Paul  is  its  close  rival  in  extent  and  importance.  The  three  lines 
running  to  Cairo  via  Vincennes  form  a  through  route  for  all  traffic  with 
the  states  to  the  southward.  The  chief  projects  now  under  discussion 
are  the  Chicago  and  Atlantic,  which  is  to  unite  with  lines  now  built  to 
Charleston,  and  the  Chicago  and  Canada  Southern,  which  line  will  con- 
nect with  all  the  various  branches  of  that  Canadian  enterprise.  Our 
latest  new  road  is  the  Chicago  and  Lake  Huron,  formed  of  three  lines, 
and  entering  the  city  from  Valparaiso  on  the  Pittsburgh,  Fort  Wayne 
and  Chicago  track.  The  trunk  lines  being  mainly  in  operation,  the 
progress  made  in  the  way  of  shortening  tracks,  making  air-line  branches, 
and  running  extensions  does  not  show  to  the  advantage  it  deserves,  as 
this  process  is  constantly  adding  new  facilities  to  the  established  order 
of  things.  The  panic  reduced  the  price  of  steel  to  a  point  where  the 
railways  could  hardly  afford  to  use  iron  rails,  and  all  our  northwestern 
lines  report  large  relays  of  Bessemer  track.  The  immense  crops  now 
being  moved  have  given  a  great  rise  to  the  value  of  railway  stocks,  and 
their  transportation  must  result  in  heavy  pecuniary  advantages. 

Few  are  aware  of  the  importance  of  the  wholesale  and  jobbing  trade 
of  Chicago.  One  leading  firm  has  since  the  panic  sold  $2-1,000,000  of 
dry  goods  in  one  year,  and  they  now  expect  most  confidently  to  add 
seventy  per  cent,  to  the  figures  of  their  last  year's  business.  In  boots 
and  shoes  and  in  clothing,  twenty  or  more  great  firms  from  the  east  have 
placed  here  their  distributing  agents  or  their  factories ;  and  in  groceries 


98 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


Chicago  supplies  the  entire  Northwest  at  rates  presenting  advantages 
over  New  York. 

Chicago  has  stepped  in  between  New  York  and  the  rural  banks  as  a 
financial  center,  and  scarcely  a  banking  institution  in  the  grain  or  cattle 
regions  but  keeps  its  reserve  funds  in  the  vaults  of  our  commercial  insti- 
tutions. Accumulating  here  throughout  the  spring  and  summer  months, 
they  are  summoned  home  at  pleasure  to  move  the  products  of  the 
prairies.  This  process  greatly  strengthens  the  northwest  in  its  financial 
operations,  leaving  home  capital  to  supplement  local  operations  on 
behalf  of  home  interests. 

It  is  impossible  to  forecast  the  destiny  of  this  grand  and  growing 
section  of  the  Union.  Figures  and  predictions  made  at  this  date  might 
seem   ten  years  hence  so  ludicrously  small  as  to  excite   only  derision. 


ILLINOIS. 

Length,  380  miles,  mean  width  about  156  miles.  Area,  55,410  square 
miles,  or  35,462,400  acres.  Illinois,  as  regards  its  surface,  constitutes  a 
table-land  at  a  varying  elevation  ranging  between  350  and  800  feet  above 
the  sea  level ;  composed  of  extensive  and  highly  fertile  prairies  and  plains. 
Much  of  the  south  division  of  the  State,  especially  the  river-bottoms,  are 
thickl}'  wooded.  The  prairies,  too,  have  oasis-like  clumps  of  trees 
scattered  here  and  there  at  intervals.  The  chief  rivers  irrigating  the 
State  are  the  Mississippi — dividing  it  from  Iowa  and  Missouri — the  Ohio 
(forming  its  south  barrier),  the  Illinois,  Wabash,  Kaskaskia,  and  San- 
gamon, with  their  numerous  affluents.  The  total  extent  of  navigable 
streams  is  calculated  at  4,000  miles.  Small  lakes  are  scattered  over  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  State.  Illinois  is  extremely  prolific  in  minerals,  chiefly 
coal,  iron,  copper,  and  zinc  ores,  sulphur  and  limestone.  The  coal-field 
alone  is  estimated  to  absorb  a  full  third  of  the  entire  coal-deposit  of  North 
America.  Climate  tolerably  equable  and  healthy ;  the  mean  temperature 
standing  at  about  51°  Fahrenheit  As  an  agricultural  region,  Illinois  takes 
a  competitive  rank  with  neighboring  States,  the  cereals,  fruits,  and  root- 
crops  yielding  plentiful  returns  ;  in  fact,  as  a  grain-growing  State,  Ilhnois 
may  be  deemed,  in  proportion  to  her  size,  to  possess  a  greater  area  of 
lands  suitable  for  its  production  than  any  other  State  in  the  Union.  Stock- 
raising  is  also  largely  carried  on,  while  her  manufacturing  interests  in 
regard  of  woolen  fabrics,  etc.,  are  on  a  very  extensive  and  yearly  expand- 
ing scale.  The  lines  of  railroad  in  the  State  are  among  the  most  exten- 
sive of  the  Union.  Inland  water-carriage  is  facilitated  by  a  canal 
connecting  the  Illinois  River  with  Lake  Michigan,  and  thence  with  the 
St.  Lawrence  and  Atlantic.  Illinois  is  divided  into  102  counties ;  the 
chief  towns  being  Chicago,  Springfield  (capital),  Alton,  Quincy,  Peoria, 
Galena,  Bloomington,  Rock  Island,  Vandalia,  etc.  By  the  new  Consti- 
tution, established  in  1870,  the  State  Legislature  consists  of  51  Senators, 
elected  for  four  years,  and  153  Representatives,  for  two  years ;  which 
numbers  were  to  be  decennially  increased  thereafter  to  the  number  of 
six  per  every  additional  half-million  of  inhabitants.  Religious  and 
educational  institutions  are  largely  diffused  throughout,  and  are  in  a  very 
flourishing  condition.  Illinois  has  a  State  Lunatic  and  a  Deaf  and  Dumb 
Asylum  at  Jacksonville ;  a  State  Penitentiary  at  Joliet ;  and  a  Home  for 

(99) 


100 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


Soldiers'  Orphans  at  Normal.  On  November  30,  1870,  the  public  debt  of 
the  State  was  returned  at  $4,870,937,  with  a  balance  of  $1,808,833 
unprovided  for.  At  the  same  period  the  value  of  assessed  and  equalized 
property  presented  the  following  totals:  assessed, -$840,031,703 ;  equal- 
ized $480,664,058.  The  name  of  Illinois,  through  nearly  the  whole  of 
the  eighteenth  century,  embraced  most  of  the  known  regions  north  and 
west  of  Ohio.  French  colonists  established  themselves  in  1673,  at 
Cahokia  and  Kaskaskia,  and  the  territory  of  which  these  settlements 
formed  the  nucleus  was,  in  1763,  ceded  to  Great  Britain  in  conjunction 
with  Canada,  and  ultimately  resigned  to  the  United  States  in  1787. 
Illinois  entered  the  Union  as  a  State,  December  3,  1818 ;  and  now  sends 
19  Representatives  to  Congress.     Population,  2,539,891,  in  1870. 


A   WESTERN    DWELLING. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  101 


INDIANA. 


The  profile  of  Indiana  forms  a  nearly  exact  parallelogram,  occupy- 
ing one  of  tlie  most  fertile  portions  of  the  great  Mississippi  Valley.  The 
greater  extent  of  the  surface  embraced  within  its  limits  consists  of  gentle 
undulations  rising  into  hilly  tracts  toward  the  Ohio  bottom.  The  chief 
rivers  of  the  State  are  the  Ohio  and  Wabash,  with  their  numerous 
affluents.  The  soil  is  highly  productive  of  the  cereals  and  grasses — most 
particularly  so  in  the  valleys  of  the  Ohio,  Wabash,  Whitewater,  and 
White  Rivers.  The  northeast  and  central  portions  are  well  timbered 
with  virgin  forests,  and  the  west  section  is  notably  rich  in  coal,  constitut- 
ing an  offshoot  of  the  great  Illinois  carboniferous  field.  Iron,  copper, 
marble,  slate,  gypsum,  and  various  clays  are  also  abundant.  From  an 
agricultural  point  of  view,  the  staple  products  are  maize  and  wheat,  with 
the  other  cereals  in  lesser  yields  ;  and  besides  these,  flax,  hemp,  sorghum, 
hops,  etc.,  are  extensively  raised.  Indiana  is  divided  into  92  counties, 
and  counts  among  her  principal  cities  and  towns,  those  of  Indianapolis 
(the  capital),  Fort  Wayne,  Evansville,  Terre  Haute,  Madisou,  Jefferson- 
ville,  Columbus,  Vincennes,  South  Bend,  etc.  The  public  institutions  of 
the  State  are  many  and  various,  and  on  a  scale  of  magnitude  and 
efficiency  commensurate  with  her  important  political  and  industrial  status. 
Upward  of  two  thousand  miles  of  railroads  permeate  the  State  in  all 
directions,  and  greatly  conduce  to  the  development  of  her  expanding 
manufacturing  interests.  Statistics  for  the  fiscal  year  terminating 
October  31,  1870,  exhibited  a  total  of  receipts,  $3,896,641  as  against  dis- 
bursements, $3,532,406,  leaving  a  balance,  $364,135  in  favor  of  the  State 
Treasury.  The  entire  public  debt,  January  5,  1871,  $3,971,000.  This 
State  was  first  settled  by  Canadian  voyageurs  in  1702,  who  erected  a  fort 
at  Vincennes ;  in  1763  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  English,  and  was 
by  the  latter  ceded  to  the  United  States  in  1783.  From  1788  till  1791, 
an  Indian  warefare  prevailed.  In  1800,  all  the  region  west  and  north  of 
Ohio  (then  formed  into  a  distinct  territory)  became  merged  in  Indiana. 
In  1809,  the  present  limits  of  the  State  were  defined,  Michigan  and 
Illinois  having  previously  been  withdrawn.  In  1811,  Indiana  was  the 
theater  of  the  Indian  War  of  Tecumseh,  ending  with  the  decisive  battle 
of  Tippecanoe.  In  1816  (December  11),  Indiana  became  enrolled  among 
the  States  of  the  American  Union.  In  1834,  the  State  passed  through  a 
monetary  crisis  owing  to  its  having  become  mixed  up  with  railroad, 
fjanal,  and  other  speculations  on  a  gigantic  scale,  which  ended,  for  the 
time  being,  in  a  general  collapse  of  public  credit,  and  consequent  bank- 
ruptcy.    Since   that  time,  however,  the  greater  number  of  the  public 


102  THE  NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 

works  which  had  brought  about  that  imbroglio  —  especially  the  great 
Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  —  have  been  completed,  to  the  great  benefit  of 
the  State,  whose  subsequent  progress  has  year  by  year  been  marked  by 
rapid  strides  in  the  paths  of  wealth,  commerce,  and  general  social  and 
political  prosperity.  The  constitution  now  in  force  was  adopted  in  1851. 
Population,  l,68o!|637. 


IOWA. 

In  shape,  Iowa  presents  an  almost  perfect  parallelogram;  has  a 
length,  north  to  south,  of  about  300  miles,  by  a  pretty  even  width  of  208 
miles,  and  embraces  an  area  of  55,045  square  miles,  or  35,228,800  acres. 
The  surface  of  the  State  is  generally  undulating,  rising  toward  the 
middle  into  an  elevated  plateau  which  forms  the  "  divide "  of  the 
Missouri  and  Mississippi  basins.  Rolling  prairies,  especially  in  the  south 
section,  constitute  a  regnant  feature,  and  the  river  bottoms,  belted  with 
woodlands,  present  a  soil  of  the  richest  alluvion.  Iowa  is  well  watered  ; 
the  principal  rivers  being  the  Mississippi  and  Missouri,  which  form 
respectively  its  east  and  west  limits,  and  the  Cedar,  Iowa,  and  Des 
Moines,  affluents  of  the  first  named.  Mineralogically,  Iowa  is  important 
as  occupying  a  section  of  the  great  Northwest  coal  field,  to  the  extent  of 
an  area  estimated  at  25,000  square  miles.  Lead,  copper,  zinc,  and  iron, 
are  also  mined  in  considerable  quantities.  The  soil  is  well  adapted  to 
the  production  of  wheat,  maize,  and  the  other  cereals  ;  fruits,  vegetables, 
and  esculent  roots ;  maize,  wheat,  and  oats  forming  the  chief  staples. 
Wine,  tobacco,  hops,  and  wax,  are  other  noticeable  items  of  the  agricul- 
tural yield.  Cattle-raising,  too,  is  a  branch  of  rural  industry  largely 
engaged  in.  The  climate  is  healthy,  although  liable  to  extremes  of  heat 
and  cold.  The  annual  gross  product  of  the  various  manufactures  carried 
on  in  this  State  approximate,  in  round  numbers,  a  sum  of  f  20,000,000. 
Iowa  has  an  immense  railroad  system,  besides  over  500  miles  of  water- 
communication  by  means  of  its  navigable  rivers.  The  State  is  politically 
divided  into  99  counties,  with  the  following  centers  of  population :  Des 
Moines  (capital),  Iowa  City  (former  capital),  Dubuque,  Davenport,  Bur- 
lington, Council  Bluffs,  Keokuk,  Muscatine,  and  Cedar  Rapids.  The 
State  institutions  of  Iowa — religious,  scholastic,  and  philanthropic  —  are 
on  a  par,  as  regards  number  and  perfection  of  organization  and  operation, 
with  those  of  her  Northwest  sister  States,  and  education  is  especially 
well  cared  for,  and  largely  diffused.  Iowa  formed  a  portion  of  the 
American  territorial  acquisitions  from  France,  by  the  so-called  Louisiana 
purchase  in  1803,  and  was  politically  identified  with  Louisiana  till  1812, 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  103 

when  it  merged  into  the  Missouri  Territory;  in  1834  it  came  under  the 
Michigan  organization,  and,  in  1836,  under  that  of  Wisconsin.  Finally, 
after  being  constituted  an  independent  Territory,  it  became  a  State  of 
the  Union^  December  28,  1846.  Population  in  1860,  674,913  ;  in  1870, 
1,191,792,  and  in  1875,  1,353,118. 


MICHIGAN. 

United  area,  56,243  square  miles,  or  35,995,520  acres.  Extent  of  the 
Upper  and  smaller  Peninsula  —  length,  316  miles;  breadth,  fluctuating 
between  36  and  120  miles.  The  south  division  is  416  miles  long,  by  from 
50  to  300  miles  wide.  Aggregate  lake-shore  line,  1,400  miles.  The 
Upper,  or  North,  Peninsula  consists  chiefly  of  an  elevated  plateau, 
expanding  into  the  Porcupine  mountain-system,  attaining  a  maximum 
height  of  some  2,000  feet.  Its  shores  along  Lake  Superior  are  eminently 
bold  and  picturesque,  and  its  area  is  rich  in  minerals,  its  product  of 
copper  constituting  an  important  source  of  industry.  Both  divisions  are 
heavily  wooded,  and  the  South  one,  in  addition,  boasts  of  a  deep,  rich, 
loamy  soil,  throwing  up  excellent  crops  of  cereals  and  other  agricultural 
produce.  The  climate  is  generally  mild  and  humid,  though  the  Winter 
colds  are  severe.  The  chief  staples  of  farm  husbandry  include  the  cereals, 
grasses,  maple  sugar,  sorghum,  tobacco,  fruits,  and  dairy-stuffs.  In  1870, 
the  acres  of  land  in  farms  were :  improved,  5,096,939 ;  unimproved 
woodland,  4,080,146  ;  other  unimproved  land,  842,057.  The  cash  value 
of  land  was  $398,240,578 ;  of  farming  implements  and  machinery, 
$13,711,979.  In  1869,  there  were  shipped  from  the  Lake  Superior  ports, 
874,582  tons  of  iron  ore,  and  45,762  of  smelted  pig,  along  with  14,188 
tons  of  copper  (ore  and  ingot).  Coal  is  another  article  largely  mined. 
Inland  communication  is  provided  for  by  an  admirably  organized  railroad 
system,  and  by  the  St.  Mary's  Ship  Canal,  connecting  Lakes  Huron  and 
Superior.  Michigan  is  politically  divided  into  78  counties ;  its  chief 
urban  centers  are  Detroit,  Lansing  (capital),  Ann  Arbor,  Marquette, 
Bay  City,  Niles,  Ypsilanti,  Grand  Haven,  etc.  The  Governor  of  the 
State  is  elected  biennially.  On  November  30, 1870,  the  aggregate  bonded 
debt  of  Michigan  amounted  to  $2,385,028,  and  the  assessed  valuation  of 
land  to  $266,929,278,  representing  an  estimated  cash  value  of  $800,000,000. 
Education  is  largely  diffused  and  most  excellently  conducted  and  pro- 
vided for.  The  State  University  at  Ann  Arbor,  the  colleges  of  Detroit 
and  Kalamazoo,  the  Albion  Female  College,  the  State  Normal  School  at 
Ypsilanti,  and  the  State  Agricultural  College  at  Lansing,  are  chief  among 
the  academic  institutions.     Michigan  (a  term  of  Chippeway  origin,  and 


104  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

signifying  "  Great  Lake),  was  discovered  and  first  settled  by  French 
Canadians,  who,  in  1670,  founded  Detroit,  the  pioneer  of  a  series  of  trad- 
ing-posts on  the  Indian  frontier.  During  the  "  Conspiracy  of  Pontiac," 
following  the  French  loss  of  Canada,  Michigan  became  the  scene  of  a 
sanguinary  struggle  between  the  whites  and  aborigines.  In  1796,  it 
became  annexed  to  the  United  States,  which  incorporated  this  region 
with  the  Northwest  Territory,  and  then  with  Indiana  Territory,  till  1803, 
when  it  became  territorially  independent.  Michigan  was  the  theater  of 
warlike  operations  during  the  war  of  1812  with  Great  Britain,  and  in 
1819  was  authorized  to  be  represented  by  one  delegate  in  Congress ;  in 
1837  she  was  admitted  into  the  Union  as  a  State,  and  in  1869  ratified  the 
15th  Amendment  to  the  Federal  Constitution.     Population,  1,184,059. 


WISCONSIN. 

It  has  a  mean  length  of  260  miles,  and^a  maximum  breadth  of  215. 
Land  area,  53,924  square  miles,  or  34,511,360  acres.  Wisconsin  lies  at  a 
considerable  altitude  above  sea-level,  and  consists  for  the  most  part  of  an 
upland  plateau,  the  surface  of  which  is  undulating  and  very  generally 
diversified.  Numerous  local  eminences  called  mounds  are  interspersed 
over  the  State,  and  the  Lake  Michigan  coast-line  is  in  many  parts  char- 
acterized by  lofty  escarped  cliffs,  even  as  on  the  west  side  the  banks  of 
the  Mississippi  form  a  series  of  high  and  picturesque  bluffs.  A  group  of 
islands  known  as  The  Apostles  lie  off  the  extreme  north  point  of  the 
State  in  Lake  Superior,  and  the  great  estuary  of  Green  Bay,  running  far 
inland,  gives  formation  to  a  long,  narrow  peninsula  between  its  waters 
and  those  of  Lake  Michigan.  The  river-system  of  Wisconsin  has  three 
outlets — those  of  Lake  Superior,  Green  Bay,  and  the  Mississippi,  whicli 
latter  stream  forms  the  entire  southwest  frontier,  widening  at  one  point 
into  the  large  watery  expanse  called  Lake  Pepin.  Lake  Superior  receives 
the  St.  Louis,  Burnt  Wood,  and  Montreal  Rivers ;  Green  Bay,  the 
Menomouee,  Peshtigo,  Oconto,  and  Fox ;  while  into  the  Mississippi 
empty  the  St.  Croix,  Chippewa,  Black,  Wisconsin,  and  Rock  Rivers. 
The  chief  interior  lakes  are  those  of  Winnebago,  Horicon,  and  Court 
Oreilles,  and  smaller  sheets  of  water  stud  a  great  part  of  the  surface. 
The  climate  is  healthful,  with  cold  Winters  and  brief  but  very  warm 
Summers.  Mean  annual  rainfall  31  inches.  The  geological  system 
represented  b}^  the  State,  embraces  those  rocks  included  between  the 
primary  and  the  Devonian  series,  the  former  containing  extensive 
deposits  of  copper  and  iron  ore.  Besides  these  minerals,  lead  and  zinc 
are  found  in  great  quantities,  together  with  kaolin,  plumbago,  gypsum, 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  105 

and  various  clays.  Mining,  consequently,  forms  a  prominent  industry, 
and  one  of  yearly  increasing  dimensions.  The  soil  of  Wisconsin  is  of 
varying  quality,  but  fertile  on  the  whole,  and  in  the  north  parts  of  the 
State  heavily  timbered.  The  agricultural  yield  comprises  the  cereals, 
together  with  flax,  hemp,  tobacco,  pulse,  sorgura,  and  all  kinds  of  vege- 
tables, and  of  the  hardier  fruits.  In  1870,  the  State  had  a  total  number 
of  102,904  farms,  occupying  11,715,321  acres,  of  which  5,899,343  con- 
sisted of  improved  land,  and  3,437,442  were  timbered.  Cash  value  of 
farms,  8300,414,064  ;  of  farm  implements  and  machinery,  $14,239,364. 
Total  estimated  value  of  all  farm  products,  including  betterments  and 
additions  to  stock,  $78,027,032  ;  of  orchard  and  dairy  stuffs,  $1,045,933  ; 
of  lumber,  $1,327,618 ;  of  home  manufactures,  $338,423  ;  of  all  live-stock, 
$45,310,882.  Number  of  manufacturing  establishments,  7,136,  employ- 
ing 39,055  hands,  and  turning  out  productions  valued  at  $85,624,966. 
The  political  divisions  of  the  State  form  61  counties,  and  the  chief  places 
of  wealth,  trade,  and  population,  are  Madison  (the  capital),  Milwaukee, 
Fond  du  Lac,  Oshkosh,  Prairie  du  Chien,  Janesville,  Portage  City, 
Racine,  Kenosha,  and  La  Crosse.  In  1870,  the  total  assessed  valuation 
reached  $333,209,838,  as  against  a  true  valuation  of  both  real  and  personal 
estate  aggregating  $602,207,329.  Treasury  receipts  during  1870,  $886,- 
696  ;  disbursements,  $906,329.  Value  of  church  property,  $4,749,983. 
Education  is  amply  provided  for.  Independently  of  the  State  University 
at  Madison,  and  those  of  Galesville  and  of  Lawrence  at  Appleton,  and 
the  colleges  of  Beloit,  Racine,  and  Milton,  there  are  Normal  Schools  at 
Platteville  and  Whitewater.  The  State  is  divided  into  4,802  common 
school  districts,  maintained  at  a  cost,  in  1870,  of  $2,094,160.  The  cliari- 
table  institutions  of  Wisconsin  include  a  Deaf  and  Dumb  Asylum,  an 
Institute  for  the  Education  of  the  Blind,  and  a  Soldiers'  Orphans'  School. 
In  January,  1870,  the  railroad  system  ramified  throughout  the  State 
totalized  2,779  miles  of  track,  including  several  lines  far  advanced  toward 
completion.  Immigration  is  successfully  encouraged  by  the  State  author- 
ities, the  larger  number  of  yearly  new-comers  being  of  Scandinavian  and 
German  origin.  The  territory  now  occupied  within  the  limits  of  the 
State  of  Wisconsin  was  explored  by  French  missionaries  and  traders  in 
1639,  and  it  remained  under  French  jurisdiction  until  1703,  when  it 
became  annexed  to  the  British  North  American  possessions.  In  1796,  it 
reverted  to  the  United  States,  the  government  of  which  latter  admitted 
it  within  the  limits  of  the  Northwest  Territory,  and  in  1809,  attached  it 
to  that  of  Illinois,  and  to  Michigan  in  1818.  Wisconsin  became  independ- 
ently territorially  organized  in  1836,  and  became  a  State  of  the  Union, 
March  3,  1847.  Population  in  1870,  1,064,985,  of  which  2,113  were  of 
ilie  colored  race,  and  11,521  Indians,  1,206  of  the  latter  being  out  of 
tribal  relations. 


106  THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


MINNESOTA 


Its  length,  north  to  south,  embraces  an  extent  of  380  miles ;  its 
breadth  one  of  250  miles  at  a  maximum.  Area,  84,000  square  miles,  or 
54,760,000  acres.  The  surface  of  Minnesota,  generally  speaking,  con- 
sists of  a  succession  of  gently  undulating  plains  and  prairies,  drained  by 
an  admirable  water-system,  and  with  here  and  there  heavily- timbered 
bottoms  and  belts  of  virgin  forest.  The  soil,  corresponding  with  such  a 
superfices,  is  exceptionally  rich,  consisting  for  the  most  part  of  a  dark, 
calcareous  sandy  drift  intermixed  with  loam.  A  distinguishing  physical 
feature  of  this  State  is  its  riverine  ramifications,  expanding  in  nearly 
every  part  of  it  into  almost  innumerable  lakes — the  whole  presenting  an 
aggregate  of  water-power  having  hardly  a  rival  in  the  Union.  Besides 
the  Mississippi  —  which  here  has  its  rise,  and  drains  a  basin  of  800  miles 
of  country  —  the  principal  streams  are  the  Minnesota  (334  miles  long), 
the  Red  River  of  the  North,  the  St.  Croix,  St.  Louis,  and  many  others  of 
lesser  importance ;  the  chief  lakes  are  those  called  Red,  Cass,  Leech, 
Mille  Lacs,  Vermillion,  and  Winibigosh.  Quite  a  concatenation  of  sheets 
of  water  fringe  the  frontier  line  where  Minnesota  joins  British  America, 
culminating  in  the  Lake  of  the  Woods.  It  has  been  estimated,  that  of 
an  area  of  1,200,000  acres  of  surface  between  the  St.  Croix  and  Mis- 
sissippi Rivers,  not  less  than  73,000  acres  are  of  lacustrine  formation.  In 
point  of  minerals,  the  resources  of  Minnesota  have  as  yet  been  very 
imperfectly  developed;  iron,  copper,  coal,  lead  —  all  these  are  known  to 
exist  in  considerable  deposits  ;  together  with  salt,  limestone,  and  potter's 
clay.  The  agricultural  outlook  of  the  State  is  in  a  high  degree  satis- 
factor}^ ;  wheat  constitutes  the  leading  cereal  in  cultivation,  with  Indian 
corn  and  oats  in  next  order.  Fruits  and  vegetables  are  grown  in  great 
plenty  and  of  excellent  quality.  The  lumber  resources  of  Minnesota  are 
important ;  the  pine  forests  in  the  north  region  alone  occupying  an  area 
of  some  21,000  square  miles,  which  in  1870  produced  a  return  of  scaled 
logs  amounting  to  313,116,416  feet.  The  natural  industrial  advantages 
possessed  by  Minnesota  are  largely  improved  upon  by  a  railroad  sj'stem. 
The  political  divisions  of  this  State  number  78  counties ;  of  which  the 
chief  cities  and  towns  are  :  St.  Paul  (the  capital),  Stillwater,  Red  Wing, 
St.  Anthony,  Fort  Snelling,  Minneapolis,  and  Mankato.  Minnesota  has 
already  assumed  an  attitude  of  high  importance  as  a  manufacturing  State ; 
this  is  mainly  due  to  the  wonderful  command  of  water-power  she  pos- 
sesses, as  before  spoken  of.  Besides  her  timber-trade,  the  milling  of 
flour,  the  distillation  of  whisky,  and  the  tanning  of  leather,  are  prominent 
interests,  which,  in  1869,  gave  returns  to  the  amount  of  114,831,043. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  107 

Education  is  notably  provided  for  on  a  broad  and  catholic  scale,  the 
entire  amount  expended  scholastically  during  the  year  1870  being  $857,- 
816 ;  while  on  November  30  of  the  preceding  year  the  permanent  school 
fund  stood  at  $2,476,222.  Besides  a  University  and  Agricultural  College, 
Normal  and  Reform  Schools  flourish,  and  with  these  may  be  mentioned 
such  various  philanthropic  and  religious  institutions  as  befit  the  needs  ot 
an  intelligent  and  prosperous  community.  The  finances  of  the  State  for 
the  fiscal  year  terminating  December  1,  1870,  exhibited  a  balance  on  the 
right  side  to  the  amount  of  $136,164,  being  a  gain  of  $44,000  over  the 
previous  year's  figures.  The  earliest  exploration  of  Minnesota  by  the 
whites  was  made  in  1680  by  a  French  Franciscan,  Father  Hennepin,  who 
gave  the  name  of  St.  Antony  to  the  Great  Falls  on  the  Upper  Missisippi. 
In  1763,  the  Treaty  of  Versailles  ceded  this  region  to  England. 
Twenty  years  later,  Minnesota  formed  part  of  the  Northwest  Territory 
transferred  to  the  United  States,  and  became  herself  territorialized  inde- 
pendently in  1849.  Indian  cessions  in  1851  enlarged  her  boundaries,  and. 
May  11,  1857,  Minnesota  became  a  unit  of  the  great  American  federation 
of  States.     Population,  439,706. 


NEBRASKA. 

Maximum  length,  412  miles ;  extreme  breadth,  208  miles.  Area, 
75,905  square  miles,  or  48,636,800  acres.  The  surface  of  this  State  is 
almost  entirely  undulating  prairie,  and  forms  part  of  the  west  slope  of 
the  great  central  basin  of  the  North  American  Continent.  In  its  west 
division,  near  the  base  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  is  a  sandy  belt  of 
country,  irregularly  defined.  In  this  part,  too,  are  the  "  dunes,"  resem- 
bling a  wavy  sea  of  sandy  billows,  as  well  as  the  Mauvaises  Terres.  a  tract 
of  singular  formation,  produced  by  eccentric  disintegrations  and  denuda- 
tions of  the  land.  The  chief  rivers  are  the  Missouri,  constituting  its  en- 
tire east  line  of  demarcation  ;  the  Nebraska  or  Platte,  the  Niobiara,  the 
Republican  Fork  of  the  Kansas,  the  Elkhorn,  and  the  Loup  Fork  of  the 
Platte.  The  soil  is  very  various,  but  consisting  chiefly  of  rich,  bottomy 
loam,  admirably  adapted  to  the  raising  of  heavy  crops  of  cereals.  All 
the  vegetables  and  fruits  of  the  temperate  zone  are  produced  in  great 
size  and  plenty.  For  grazing  purposes  Nebraska  is  a  State  exceptionally 
well  fitted,  a  region  of  not  less  than  23,000,000  acres  being  adaptable  to 
this  branch  of  husbandry.  It  is  believed  that  the,  as  yet,  comparatively 
infertile  tracts  of  land  found  in  various  parts  of  the  State  are  susceptible 
of  productivity  by  means  of  a  properly  conducted  system  of  irrigation. 
Few  minerals  of  moment  have  so  far  been  found  within  the  limits  of 


108 


THE  NORTHWEST   TEERITOEY. 


Nebraska,  if  we  may  except  important  saline  deposits  at  the  head  of  Salt 
Creek  in  its  southeast  section.  The  State  is  divided  into  57  counties, 
independent  of  the  Pawnee  and  Winnebago  Indians,  and  of  unorganized 
territory  in  the  northwest  part.  The  principal  towns  are  Omaha,  Lincoln 
(State  capital),  Nebraska  City,  Columbus,  Grand  Island,  etc.  In  1870, 
the  total  assessed  value  of  property  amounted  to  $53,000,000,  being  an 
increase  of  $11,000,000  over  the  previous  year's  returns.  The  total 
amount  received  from  the  school-fund  during  the  year  1869-70  was 
$77,999.  Education  is  making  great  onward  strides,  the  State  University 
and  an  Agricultural  College  being  far  advanced  toward  completion.  In 
the  matter  of  railroad  communication,  Nebraska  bids  fair  to  soon  place 
herself  on  a  par  with  her  neighbors  to  the  east.  Besides  being  inter- 
sected by  the  Union  Pacific  line,  with  its  off-shoot,  the  Fremont  and  Blair, 
other  tracks  are  in  course  of  rapid  construction.  Organized  by  Con- 
gressional Act  into  a  Territory,  May  80,  1854,  Nebraska  entered  the 
Union  as  a  full  State,  March  1,  1867.     Population,  122,993. 


HUNTING    PRAIRIE    WOLVES    IN    AN    EARLY    DAY. 


Early  History  of  Illinois. 


The  name  of  this  beautiful  Prairie  State  is  derived  from  Illim^  a 
Delaware  word  signifying  Superior  Men.  It  has  a  French  termination, 
and  is  a  symbol  of  how  the  two  races — the  French  and  the  Indians — 
were  intermixed  during  the  early  history  of  the  country. 

The  appellation  was  no  doubt  well  applied  to  the  primitive  inhabit- 
ants of  the  soil  whose  prowess  in  savage  warfare  long  withstood  the 
combined  attacks  of  the  fierce  Iroquois  on  the  one  side,  and  the  no  less 
savage  and  relentless  Sacs  and  Foxes  on  the  other.  The  Illinois  were 
once  a  powerful  confederacy,  occupying  the  most  beautiful  and  fertile 
region  in  the  great  Valle}^  of  the  Mississippi,  which  their  enemies  coveted 
and  struggled  long  and  hard  to  wrest  from  them.  By  the  fortunes  of 
war  they  were  diminished  in  numbers,  and  finally  destroyed.  "  Starved 
Rock,"  on  the  Illinois  River,  according  to  tradition,  commemorates  their 
last  tragedy,  where,  it  is  said,  the  entu-e  tribe  starved  rather  than  sur- 
render. 

EARLY    DISCOVERIES. 

The  first  European  discoveries  in  Illinois  date  back  over  two  hun- 
dred years.  They  are  a  part  of  that  movement  which,  from  the  begin- 
ning to  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century,  brought  the  French 
Canadian  missionaries  and  fur  traders  into  the  Valley  of  the  Mississippi, 
and  which,  at  a  later  period,  established  the  civil  and  ecclesiastical 
authority  of  France  from  the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico, 
and  from  the  foot-hills  of  the  Alleghanies  to  the  Rocky  Mountains. 

The  great  river  of  the  West  had  been  discovered  by  DeSoto,  the 
Spanish  conqueror  of  Florida,  three  quarters  of  a  century  before  the 
French  founded  Quebec  in  1608,  but  the  Spanish  left  the  country  a  wil- 
derness, without  further  exploration  or  settlement  within  its  borders,  in 
which  condition  it  remained  until  the  Mississippi  was  discovered  by  the 
agents  of  the  French  Canadian  government,  Joliet  and  Marquette,  in  1673. 
These  renowned  explorers  were  not  the  first  white  visitors  to  Illinois. 
In  1671 — two  years  in  advance  of  them — came  Nicholas  Perrot  to  Chicago. 
He  had  been  sent  by  Talon  as  an  agent  of  the  Canadian  government  to 

109 


110 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OP  HiLINOIS.  Ill 

call  a  great  peace  convention  of  Western  Indians  at  Green  Bay,  prepara- 
tory to  the  movement  for  the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi.  It  was 
deemed  a  good  stroke  of  policy  to  secure,  as  far  as  possible,  the  friend- 
ship and  co-operation  of  the  Indians,  far  and  near,  before  venturing  upon 
an  enterprise  which  their  hostility  might  render  disastrous,  and  which 
their  friendship  and  assistance  would  do  so  much  to  make  successful ; 
and  to  this  end  Perrot  was  sent  to  call  together  in  council  the  tribes 
throughout  the  Northwest,  and  to  promise  them  the  commerce  and  pro- 
tection of  the  French  government.  He  accordingly  arrived  at  Green 
Bay  in  1671,  and  procuring  an  escort  of  Pottawattamies,  proceeded  in  a 
bark  canoe  upon  a  visit  to  the  Miamis,  at  Chicago.  Perrot  was  there- 
fore the  first  European  to  set  foot  upon  the  soil  of  Illinois. 

Still  there  were  others  before  Marquette.  In  1672,  the  Jesuit  mis- 
sionaries. Fathers  Claude  Allouez  and  Claude  Dablon,  bore  the  standard 
of  the  Cross  from  their  mission  at  Green  Bay  through  western  Wisconsin 
and  northern  Illinois,  visiting  the  Foxes  on  Fox  River,  and  the  Masquo- 
tines  and  Kickapoos  at  the  mouth  of  the  Milwaukee.  These  missionaries 
penetrated  on  the  route  afterwards  followed  by  Marquette  as  far  as  the 
Kickapoo  village  at  the  head  of  Lake  Winnebago,  where  Marquette,  in 
his  journey,  secured  guides  across  the  portage  to  the  Wisconsin. 

The  oft-repeated  story  of  Marquette  and  Joliet  is  well  known. 
They  were  the  agents  employed  by  the  Canadian  government  to  discover 
the  Mississippi.  Marquette  was  a  native  of  France,  born  in  1637,  a 
Jesuit  priest  by  education,  and  a  man  of  simple  faith  and  of  great  zeal  and 
devotion  in  extending  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  among  the  Indians. 
Arriving  in  Canada  in  1666,  he  was  sent  as  a  missionary  to  the  far 
Northwest,  and,  in  1668,  founded  a  mission  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie.  The 
following  year  he  moved  to  La  Pointe,  in  Lake  Superior,  where  he 
instructed  a  branch  of  the  Hurons  till  1670,  when  he  removed  south,  and 
founded  the  mission  at  St.  Ignace,  on  the  Straits  of  Mackinaw.  Here 
he  remained,  devoting  a  portion  of  his  time  to  the  study  of  the  Illinois 
language  under  a  native  teacher  who  had  accompanied  him  to  the  mission 
from  La  Pointe,  till  he  was  joined  by  Joliet  in  the  Spring  of  1673.  By 
the  way  of  Green  Bay  and  the  Fox  and  Wisconsin  Rivers,  they  entered 
the  Mississippi,  which  they  explored  to  the  mouth  of  the  Arkansas,  and 
returned  by  the  way  of  the  Illinois  and  Chicago  Rivers  to  Lake  Michigan. 

On  his  way  up  the  Illinois,  Marquette  visited  the  great  village  of 
the  Kaskaskias,  near  what  is  now  Utica,  in  the  county  of  LaSalle.  The 
following  year  he  returned  and  established  among  them  the  mission  of 
the  Immaculate  Virgin  Mary,  which  was  the  first  Jesuit  mission  founded 
in  Illinois  and  in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  The  intervening  winter  he 
had  spent  in  a  hut  which  his  companions  erected  on  the  Chicago  River,  a 
few  leagues  from  its  mouth.     The  founding  of  this  mission  was  the  last 


112  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLIKOIS.  f ', 

\ 

act  of  Marquette's  life.     He  died  in  Michigan,  on  his  way  back  to  Green    [ 
Bay,  May  18,  1675.  M 

FIRST  FRENCH  OCCUPATION. 

The  first  French  occupation  of  the  territory  now  embraced  in  Illi- 
nois was  effected  by  LaSalle  in  1680,  seven  years  after  the  time  of  Mar- 
q^uette  and  Joliet.  LaSalle,  having  constructed  a  vessel,  the  "  Griffin," 
above  the  falls  of  Niagara,  which  he  sailed  to  Green  Bay,  and  having 
passed  thence  in  canoes  to  the  mouth  of  the  St.  Joseph  River,  by  which 
and  the  Kankakee  he  reached  the  Illinois,  in  January,  1680,  erected  Fort 
Crevecoeur,  at  the  lower  end  of  Peoria  Lake,  where  the  city  of  Peoria  is 
now  situated.  The  place  where  this  ancient  fort  stood  may  still  be  seen 
just  below  the  outlet  of  Peoria  Lake.  It  was  destined,  however,  to  a 
temporary  existence.  From  this  point,  LaSalle  determined  to  descend 
the  Mississippi  to  its  mouth,  but  did  not  accomplish  this  purpose  till  two 
years  later — in  1682.  Returning  to  Fort  Frontenac  for  the  purpose  of 
getting  materials  with  which  to  rig  his  vessel,  he  left  the  fort  in  charge  of 
Touti,  his  lieutenant,  who  during  his  absence  was  driven  off  by  the  Iro- 
quois Indians.  These  savages  had  made  a  raid  upon  the  settlement  of 
the  Illinois,  and  had  left  nothing  in  their  track  but  ruin  and  desolation. 
Mr.  Davidson,  in  his  History  of  Illinois,  gives  the  following  graphic 
account  of  the  picture  that  met  the  eyes  of  LaSalle  and  his  companions 
on  their  return  : 

"  At  the  great  town  of  the  Illinois  they  were  appalled  at  the  scene 
which  opened  to  their  view.  No  hunter  appeared  to  break  its  death-like 
silence  with  a  salutatory  whoop  ot  welcome.  The  plain  on  which  the 
town  had  stood  was  now  strewn  with  charred  fragments  of  lodges,  which 
had  so  recently  swarmed  with  savage  life  and  hilarity.  To  render  more 
hideous  the  picture  of  desolation,  large  numbers  of  skulls  had  been 
placed  on  the  upper  extremities  of  lodge-poles  which  had  escaped  the 
devouring  flames.  In  the  midst  of  these  horrors  was  the  rude  fort  of 
the  spoilers,  rendered  frightful  by  the  same  ghastly  relics.  A  near 
approach  showed  that  the  graves  had  been  robbed  of  their  bodies,  and 
swarms  of  buzzards  were  discovered  glutting  their  loathsome  stomachs 
on  the  reeking  corruption.  To  complete  the  work  of  destruction,  the 
growing  corn  of  the  village  had  been  cut  down  and  burned,  while  the 
pits  containing  the  products  of  previous  years,  had  been  rifled  and  their 
contents  scattered  with  wanton  waste.  It  was  evident  the  suspected 
blow  of  the  Iroquois  had  fallen  with  relentless  fury." 

Tonti  had  escaped  LaSalle  knew  not  whither.  Passing  down  the 
lake  in  search  of  him  and  his  men,  LaSalle  discovered  that  the  fort  had 
been   destroyed,  but   the   vessel  which  he  had  partly  constructed   was   still 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OP   ILLINOIS.  113 

on  the  stocks,  and  but  slightly  injured.  After  further  fruitless  search, 
failing  to  find  Tonti,  he  fastened  to  a  tree  a  painting  representing  himself 
and  party  sitting  in  a  canoe  and  bearing  a  pipe  of  peace,  and  to  the  paint- 
ino;  attached  a  letter  addressed  to  Tonti. 

Tonti  had  escaped,  and,  after  untold  privations,  taken  shelter  among 
the  Pottawattaraies  near  Green  Bay.  These  were  friendly  to  the  French. 
One  of  their  old  chiefs  used  to  say,  "  There  were  but  three  great  cap- 
tains in  the  world,  himself,  Tonti  and  LaSalle." 

GENIUS  OF  LaSALLE. 

We  must  now  return  to  LaSalle,  whose  exploits  stand  out  in  such 
bold  relief.  He  was  born  in  Rouen,  France,  in  1643.  His  father  was 
wealthy,  but  he  renounced  his  patrimony  on  entering  a  college  of  the 
Jesuits,  from  which  he  separated  and  came  to  Canada  a  poor  man  in  1666. 
The  priests  of  St.  Sulpice,  among  whom  he  had  a  brother,  were  then  the 
proprietors  of  Montreal,  the  nucleus  of  which  was  a  seminary  or  con- 
vent founded  by  that  order.  The  Superior  granted  to  LaSalle  a  large 
tract  of  land  at  LaChine,  where  he  established  himself  in  the  fur  trade. 
He  was  a  man  of  daring  genius,  and  outstripped  all  his  competitors  in 
exploits  of  travel  and  commerce  with  the  Indians.  In  1669,  he  visited 
the  headquarters  of  the  great  Iroquois  Confederacy,  at  Onondaga,  in  the 
heart  of  New  York,  and,  obtaining  guides,  explored  the  Ohio  River  to 
the  falls  at  Louisville. 

In  order  to  understand  the  genius  of  LaSalle,  it  must  be  remembered 
that  for  many  years  prior  to  his  time  the  missionaries  and  traders  were 
obliged  to  make  their  way  to  the  Northwest  by  the  Ottawa  River  (of 
Canada)  on  account  of  the  fierce  hostility  of  the  Iroquois  along  the  lower 
lakes  and  Niagara  River,  which  entirely  closed  this  latter  route  to  the 
Upper  Lakes.  They  carried  on  their  commerce  chiefly  by  canoes,  pad- 
dling them  through  the  Ottawa  to  Lake  Nipissing,  carrying  them  across 
the  portage  to  French  River,  and  descending  that  to  Lake  Huron.  This 
being  the  route  by  which  they  reached  the  Northwest,  accounts  for  the 
fact  that  all  the  earliest  Jesuit  missions  were  established  in  the  neiofhbor- 
hood  of  the  Upper  Lakes.  LaSalle  conceived  the  grand  idea  of  opening 
the  route  by  Niagara  River  and  the  Lower  Lakes  to  Canadian  commerce 
by  sail  vessels,  connecting  it  with  the  navigation  of  the  Mississippi,  and 
thus  ox3ening  a  magnificent  water  communication  from  the  Gulf  of  St. 
Lawrence  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  This  truly  grand  and  comprehensive 
purpose  seems  to  have  animated  him  in  all  his  wonderful  achievements 
and  the  matchless  difficulties  and  hardships  he  surmounted.  As  the  first 
step  in  the  accomplishment  of  this  object  he  established  himself  on  Lake 
Ontario,  and  built  and  garrisoned   Fort  Frontenac,  the  site  of  the  present 


114  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS.  * 

city  of  Kingston,  Canada.  Here  he  obtained  a  grant  of  land  from  the 
French  crown  and  a  body  of  troops  by  which  he  beat  back  the  invading 
Iroquois  and  cleared  the  passage  to  Niagara  Falls.  Having  by  this  mas- 
terly stroke  made  it  safe  to  attempt  a  hitherto  untried  expedition,  his 
next  step,  as  we  have  seen,  was  to  advance  to  the  Falls  with  all  his 
outfit  for  building  a  ship  with  which  to  sail  the  lakes.  He  was  success- 
ful in  this  undertaking,  though  his  ultimate  purpose  was  defeated  by  a 
strange  combination  of  untoward  circumstances.  The  Jesuits  evidently 
hated  LaSalle  and  plotted  against  him,  because  he  had  abandoned  them 
and  co-operated  with  a  rival  order.  The  fur  traders  were  also  jealous  of 
his  superior  success  in  opening  new  channels  of  commerce.  At  LaChine 
he  had  taken  the  trade  of  Lake  Ontario,  which  but  for  his  presence  there 
would  have  gone  to  Quebec.  While  they  were  plodding  with  their  bark 
canoes  through  the  Ottawa  he  was  constructing  sailing  vessels  to  com- 
mand the  trade  of  the  lakes  and  the  Mississippi.  These  great  plans 
excited  the  jealousy  and  envy  of  the  small  traders,  introduced  treason  and 
revolt  into  the  ranks  of  his  own  companions,  and  finally  led  to  the  foul 
assassination  by  which  his  great  achievements  were  prematurely  ended. 

In  1682,  LaSalle,  having  completed  his  vessel  at  Peoria,  descended 
the  Mississippi  to  its  confluence  with  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  Erecting  a 
standard  on  which  he  inscribed  the  arms  of  France,  he  took  formal  pos- 
session of  the  whole  valley  of  the  mighty  river,  in  the  name  of  Louis 
XIV.,  then  reigning,  in  honor  of  whom  he  named  the  country  Louisiana. 

LaSalle  then  went  to  France,  was  appointed  Governor,  and  returned 
with  a  fleet  and  immigrants,  for  the  purpose  of  planting  a  colony  in  Illi- 
nois. They  arrived  in  due  time  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  but  failing  to 
find  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi,  up  which  LaSalle  intended  to  sail,  his 
supply  ship,  with  the  immigrants,  was  driven  ashore  and  wrecked  on 
Matagorda  Bay.  With  the  fragments  of  the  vessel  he  constructed  a 
stockade  and  rude  huts  on  the  shore  for  the  protection  of  the  immigrants, 
calling  the  post  Fort  St.  Louis.  He  then  made  a  trip  into  New  Mexico, 
in  search  of  silver  mines,  but,  meeting  with  disappointment,  returned  to 
find  his  little  colony  reduced  to  forty  souls.  He  then  resolved  to  travel 
on  foot  to  Illinois,  and,  starting  with  his  companions,  had  reached  the 
valley  of  the  Colorado,  near  the  mouth  of  Trinity  river,  when  he  was 
shot  by  one  of  his  men.     This  occurred  on  the  19th  of  March,  1687. 

Dr.  J.  W.  Foster  remarks  of  him  :  "  Thus  fell,  not  far  from  the  banks 
of  the  Trinity,  Robert  Cavalier  de  la  Salle,  one  of  the  grandest  charac- 
ters that  ever  figured  in  American  history — a  man  capable  of  originating 
the  vastest  schemes,  and  endowed  with  a  will  and  a  judgment  capable  of 
carrying  them  to  successful  results.  Had  ample  facilities  been  placed  by 
the  King  of  France  at  his  disposal,  the  result  of  the  colonization  of  this 
continent  might  have  been  far  different  from  what  we  now  behold." 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE    OF    ILLINOIS.  115 


EARLY  SETTLEMENTS. 

A  temporary  settlement  was  made  at  Fort  St.  Louis,  or  the  old  Kas- 
kaskia  village,  on  the  Illinois  River,  in  what  is  now  LaSalle  County,  in 
1682.  In  1690,  this  was  removed,  with  the  mission  connected  with  it,  to 
Kaskaskia,  on  the  river  of  that  name,  emptying  into  the  lower  Mississippi 
in  St.  Clair  County.  Cahokia  was  settled  about  the  same  time,  or  at 
least,  both  of  these  settlements  began  in  the  year  1690,  though  it  is  now 
pretty  well  settled  that  Cahokia  is  the  older  place,  and  ranks  as  the  oldest 
permanent  settlement  in  Illinois,  as  well  as  in  the  Mississippi  Valley. 
The  reason  for  the  removal  of  the  old  Kaskaskia  settlement  and  mission, 
was  probably  because  the  dangerous  and  difficult  route  by  Lake  Michigan 
and  the  Chicago  portage  had  been  almost  abandoned,  and  travelers  and 
traders  jDassed  down  and  up  the  Mississippi  by  the  Fox  and  Wisconsin 
River  route.  They  removed  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Mississippi  in  order 
to  be  in  the  line  of  travel  from  Canada  to  Louisiana,  that  is,  the  lower 
part  of  it,  for  it  was  all  Louisiana  then  south  of  the  lakes. 

During  the  period  of  French  rule  in  Louisiana,  the  population  prob- 
ably never  exceeded  ten  thousand,  including  whites  and  blacks.  Within 
that  portion  of  it  now  included  in  Indiana,  trading  posts  were  established 
at  the  principal  Miami  villages  which  stood  on  the  head  waters  of  the 
Maumee,  the  Wea  villages  situated  at  Ouiatenon,  on  the  Wabash,  and 
the  Piankeshaw  villages  at  Post  Vincennes  ;  all  of  which  were  probably 
visited  by  French  traders  and  missionaries  before  the  close  of  the  seven- 
teenth century. 

In  the  vast  territory  claimed  by  the  French,  many  settlements  of 
considerable  importance  had  sprung  up.  Biloxi,  on  Mobile  Bay,  had 
been  founded  by  DTberville,  in  1699 ;  Antoine  de  Lamotte  Cadillac  had 
founded  Detroit  in  1701 ;  and  New  Orleans  had  been  founded  by  Bien- 
ville, under  the  auspices  of  the  Mississippi  Company,  in  1718.  In  Illi- 
nois also,  considerable  settlements  had  been  made,  so  that  in  1730  they 
embraced  one  hundred  and  forty  French  families,  about  six  hundred  "  con- 
verted Indians,"  and  many  traders  and  voyageurs.  In  that  portion  of  the 
country,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi,  there  were  five  distinct  set- 
tlements, with  their  respective  villages,  viz. :  Cahokia,  near  the  mouth 
of  Cahokia  Creek  and  about  five  miles  below  the  present  city  of  St. 
Louis ;  St.  Philip,  about  forty-five  miles  below  Cahokia,  and  four  miles 
above  Fort  Chartres ;  Fort  Chartres,  twelve  miles  above  Kaskaskia ; 
Kaskaskia,  situated  on  the  Kaskaskia  River,  five  miles  above  its  conflu- 
ence with  the  Mississippi ;  and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  near  Fort  Chartres. 
To  these  must  be  added  St.  Genevieve  and  St.  Louis,  on  the  west  side 
of  the  Mississippi.     These,  with  the  exception  of  St.  Louis,  are  among 


116 


HISTORY   OF  THE  STATE  OF   ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE   OF  ILLINOIS.  117 

the  oldest  French  towns  in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  Kaskaskia,  in  its  best 
days,  was  a  town  of  some  two  or  three  thousand  inhabitants.  After  it 
passed  from  the  crown  of  France  its  population  for  many  years  did  not 
exceed  fifteen  hundred.  Under  British  rule,  in  1773,  the  population  had 
decreased  to  four  hundred  and  fifty.  As  early  as  1721,  the  Jesuits  had 
established  a  college  and  a  monastery  in  Kaskaskia. 

Fort  Chartres  was  first  built  under  the  direction  of  the  Mississippi 
Company,  in  1718,  by  M.  de  Boisbraint,  a  military  officer,  under  command 
of  Bienville.  It  stood  on  the  east  bank  of  the  Mississippi,  about  eighteen 
miles  below  Kaskaskia,  and  was  for  some  time  the  headquarters  of  the 
military  commandants  of  the  district  of  Illinois. 

In  the  Centennial  Oration  of  Dr.  Fowler,  delivered  at  Philadelphia, 
by  appointment  of  Gov.  Beveridge,  we  find  some  interesting  facts  with 
regard  to  the  State  of  Illinois,  which  we  appropriate  in  this  history: 

In  1682  Illinois  became  a  possession  of  the  French  crown,  a  depend- 
ency of  Canada,  and  a  part  of  Louisiana.  In  1765  the  English  flag  was 
run  up  on  old  Fort  Chartres,  and  Illinois  was  counted  among  the  treas- 
ures of  Great  Britain. 

In  1779  it  was  taken  from  the  English  by  Col.  George  Rogers  Clark. 
This  man  was  resolute  in  nature,  wise  in  council,  prudent  in  policy,  bold 
in  action,  and  heroic  in  danger.  Few  men  who  have  figured  in  the  his- 
tory of  America  are  more  deserving  than  this  colonel.  Nothing  short  of 
first-class  ability  could  have  rescued  Vincens  and  all  Illinois  from  the 
English.  And  it  is  not  possible  to  over-estimate  the  influence  of  this 
achievement  upon  the  republic.  In  1779  Illinois  became  a  part  of  Vir- 
ginia. It  was  soon  known  as  Illinois  County.  In  1784  Virginia  ceded 
all  this  territory  to  the  general  government,  to  be  cut  into  States,  to  be 
republican  in  form,  with  "  the  same  right  of  sovereignty,  freedom,  and 
independence  as  the  other  States." 

In  1787  it  was  the  object  of  the  wisest  and  ablest  legislation  found 
in  any  merely  human  records.     No  man  can  study  the  secret  history  of 

THE  "COMPACT  OF  1787," 

and  not  feel  that  Providence  was  guiding  with  sleepless  eye  these  unborn 
States.  The  ordinance  that  on  July  13,  1787,  finally  became  the  incor- 
porating act,  has  a  most  marvelous  histor3^  Jefferson  had  vainly  tried 
to  secure  a  system  of  government  for  the  northwestern  territory.  He 
was  an  emancipationist  of  that  day,  and  favored  the  exclusion  of  slavery 
from  the  territory  Virginia  had  ceded  to  the  general  government;  but 
the  South  voted  him  down  as  often  as  it  came  up.  In  1787,  as  late  as 
July  10,  an  organizing  act  without  the  anti-slavery  clause  was  pending. 
This  concession  to  the  South  was  expected  to  carry  it.     Congress  was  in 


118  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS. 

session  in  New  York  City.  On  July  5,  Rev.  Dr.  Manasseh  Cutler,  of 
Massachusetts,  came  into  New  York  to  lobby  on  the  northwestern  terri- 
tory.    Everything  seemed  to  fall  into  his  hands.     Events  were  ripe. 

The  state  of  the  public  credit,  the  growing  of  Southern  prejudice, 
the  basis  of  his  mission,  his  personal  character,  all  combined  to  complete 
one  of  those  sudden  and  marvelous  revolutions  of  public  sentiment  that 
once  in  five  or  ten  centuries  are  seen  to  sweep  over  a  country  like  the 
breath  of  the  Almighty.  Cutler  was  a  graduate  of  Yale — received  his 
A.M.  from  Harvard,  and  his  D.D.  from  Yale.  He  had  studied  and  taken 
degrees  in  the  three  learned  professions,  medicine,  law,  and  divinity.  He 
had  thus  America's  best  indorsement.  He  had  published  a  scientific 
examination  of  the  plants  of  New  England.  His  name  stood  second  only 
to  that  of  Franklin  as  a  scientist  in  America.  He  was  a  courtly  gentle- 
man of  the  old  style,  a  man  of  commanding  presence,  and  of  inviting 
face.  The  Southern  members  said  they  had  never  seen  such  a  gentleman 
in  the  North.  He  came  representing  a  company  that  desired  to  purchase 
a  tract  of  land  now  included  in  Ohio,  for  the  purpose  of  planting  a  colony. 
It  was  a  speculation.  Government  money  was  worth  eighteen  cents  on 
the  dollar.  This  Massachusetts  company  had  collected  enough  to  pur- 
chase 1,500,000  acres  of  land.  Other  speculators  in  New  York  made 
Dr.  Cutler  their  agent  (lobbyist).  On  the  12th  he  represented  a  demand 
for  5,500,000  acres.  This  would  reduce  the  national  debt.  Jefferson 
and  Virginia  were  regarded  as  authority  concerning  the  land  Virginia 
had  just  ceded.  Jefferson's  policy  wanted  to  provide  for  the  public  credit, 
and  this  was  a  good  opportunity  to  do  something. 

Massachusetts  then  owned  the  territorj^  of  Maine,  which  she  was 
crowding  on  the  market.  She  Avas  opposed  to  opening  the  northwestern 
region.  This  fired  the  zeal  of  Virginia.  The  South  caught  the  inspira- 
tion, and  all  exalted  Dr.  Cutler.  The  English  minister  invited  him  to 
dine  with  some  of  the  Southern  gentlemen.    He  was  the  center  of  interest. 

The  entire  South  rallied  round  him.  Massachusetts  could  not  vote 
against  him,  because  many  of  the  constituents  of  her  members  were 
interested  personally  in  the  western  speculation.  Thus  Cutler,  making 
friends  with  the  South,  and,  doubtless,  using  all  the  arts  of  the  lobby, 
was  enabled  to  command  the  situation.  True  to  deeper  convictions,  he 
dictated  one  of  the  most  compact  and  finished  documents  of  wise  states- 
manship that  has  ever  adorned  any  human  law  book.  He  borrowed  from 
Jefferson  the  term  "  Articles  of  Compact,"  which,  preceding  the  federal 
constitution,  rose  into  the  most  sacred  character.  He  then  followed  very 
closely  the  constitution  of  Massachusetts,  adopted  three  years  before. 
Its  most  marked  points  were  : 

1.  The  exclusion  of  slavery  from  the  territory  forever. 

2.  Provision  for  public  schools,  giving  one  township  for  a  seminary, 


HISTORY   OF  THE   STATE  OF  ILLINOIS.  119 

and  every  section  numbered  16  in  each  township  ;  that  is,  one-thirty-sixth 
of  all  the  land,  for  public  schools. 

3.  A  provision  prohibiting  the  adoption  of  any  constitution  or  the 
enactment  of  any  law  that  should  nullify  pre-existing  contracts. 

Be  it  forever  remembered  that  this  compact  declared  that  "  Religion, 
morality,  and  knowledge  being  necessary  to  good  government  and  the 
happiness  of  mankind,  schools  and  the  means  of  education  shall  always 
be  encouraged."' 

Dr.  Cutler  planted  himself  on  this  platform  and  would  not  yield. 
Giving  his  unqualified  declaration  that  it  was  that  or  nothing^that  unless 
they  could  make  the  land  desirable  they  did  not  want  it — he  took  his 
horse  and  buggy,  and  started  for  the  constitutional  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia. On  July  13,  1787,  the  bill  was  put  upon  its  passage,  and  was 
unanimously  adopted,  every  Southern  member  voting  for  it,  and  only  one 
man,  Mr.  Yates,  of  New  York,  voting  against  it.  But  as  the  States  voted 
as  States,  Yates  lost  his  vote,  and  the  compact  was  put  beyond  repeal. 

Thus  the  great  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Michigan  and  Wis- 
consin— a  vast  empire,  the  heart  of  the  great  valley — were  consecrated 
to  freedom,  intelligence,  and  honesty.  Thus  the  great  heart  of  the  nation 
was  prepared  for  a  year  and  a  day  and  an  hour.  In  the  light  of  these  eighty- 
nine  years  I  affirm  that  this  act  was  the  salvation  of  the  republic  and  the 
destruction  of  slavery.  Soon  the  South  saw  their  great  blunder,  and 
tried  to  repeal  the  compact.  In  1803  Congress  referred  it  to  a  committee 
of  which  John  Randolph  was  chairman.  He  reported  that  this  ordinance 
was  a  compact,  and  opposed  repeal.  Thus  it  stood  a  rock,  in  the  way 
of  the  on-rushing  sea  of  slavery. 

With  all  this  timely  aid  it  was,  after  all,  a  most  desperate  and  pro- 
tracted struggle  to  keep  the  soil  of  Illinois  sacred  to  freedom.  It  was 
the  natural  battle-field  for  the  irrepressible  conflict.  In  the  southern  end 
of  the  State  slavery  preceded  the  compact.  It  existed  among  the  old 
French  settlers,  and  was  hard  to  eradicate.  The  southern  part  of  the 
State  was  settled  from  the  slave  States,  and  this  population  brought  their 
laws,  customs,  and  institutions  with  them.  A  stream  of  population  from 
the  North  poured  into  the  northern  part  of  the  State.  These  sections 
misunderstood  and  hated  each  other  perfectly.  The  Southerners  regarded 
the  Yankees  as  a  skinning,  tricky,  penurious  race  of  peddlers,  filling  the 
country  with  tinware,  brass  clocks,  and  wooden  nutmegs.  The  North- 
erner thought  of  the  Southerner  as  a  lean,  lank,  lazy  creature,  burrowing 
in  a  hut,  and  rioting  in  whisky,  dirt  and  ignorance.  These  causes  aided 
in  making  the  struggle  long  and  bitter.  So  strong  was  the  sympathy 
with  slavery  that,  in  spite  of  the  ordinance  of  1787,  and  in  spite  of  the 
deed  of  cession,  it  was  determined  to  allow  the  old  French  settlers  to 
retain  their  slaves.     Planters  from  the  slave  States  might  bring  their 


120  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OP  ILLINOIS. 

slaves,  if  they  would  give  them  a  chance  to  choose  freedom  or  years 
of  service  and  bondage  for  their  children  till  they  should  become 
thirty  years  of  age.  If  they  chose  freedom  they  must  leave  the  State 
in  sixty  days  or  be  sold  as  fugitives.  Servants  were  whipped  for  offenses 
for  which  white  men  are  fined.  Each  lash  paid  forty  cents  of  the  fine.  A 
negro  ten  miles  from  home  without  a  pass  was  whipped.  These  famous 
laws  were  imported  from  the  slave  States  just  as  they  imported  laws  for 
the  inspection  of  flax  and  wool  when  there  was  neither  in  the  State. 

These  Black  Laws  are  now  wiped  out.  A  vigorous  effort  was  made 
to  protect  slavery  in  the  State  Constitution  of  1817.  It  barely  failed. 
It  was  renewed  in  1825,  when  a  convention  was  asked  to  make  a  new 
constitution.  After  a  hard  fight  the  convention  was  defeated.  But 
slaves  did  not  disappear  from  the  census  of  the  State  until  1850.  There 
were  mobs  and  murders  in  the  interest  of  slavery.  Lovejoy  was  added 
to  the  list  of  martyrs — a  sort  of  first-fruits  of  that  long  life  of  immortal 
heroes  who  saw  freedom  as  the  one  supreme  desire  of  their  souls,  and 
were  so  enamored  of  her  that  they  preferred  to  die  rather  than  survive  her. 

The  population  of  12,282  that  occupied  the  territory  in  A.D.  1800, 
increased  to  45,000  in  A.D.  1818,  when  the  State  Constitution  was 
adopted,  and  Illinois  took  her  place  in  the  Union,  with  a  star  on  the  flag 
and  two  votes  in  the  Senate. 

Shadrach  Bond  was  the  first  Governor,  and  in  his  first  message  he 
recommended  the  construction  of  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  Canal. 

The  simple  economy  in  those  days  is  seen  in  the  fact  that  the  entire 
bill  for  stationery  for  the  first  Legislature  was  only  $13.50.  Yet  this 
simple  body  actually  enacted  a  very  superior  code. 

There  was  no  money  in  the  territory  before  the  war  of  1812.  Deer 
skins  and  coon  skins  were  the  circulating  medium.  In  1821,  the  Legis- 
lature ordained  a  State  Bank  on  the  credit  of  the  State.  It  issued  notes 
in  the  likeness  of  bank  bills.  These  notes  were  made  a  legal  tender  for 
every  thing,  and  the  bank  was  ordered  to  loan  to  the  people  $100  on  per- 
sonal security,  and  more  on  mortgages.  They  actually  passed  a  resolu- 
tion requesting  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States  to 
receive  these  notes  for  land.  The  old  French  Lieutenant  Governor,  Col. 
Menard,  put  the  resolution  as  follows :  ''  Gentlemen  of  the  Senate  :  It  is 
moved  and  seconded  dat  de  notes  of  dis  hank  be  made  land-office  money. 
All  in  favor  of  dat  motion  say  aye  ;  all  against  it  say  no.  It  is  decided 
in  de  affirmative.  Now,  gentlemen,  I  bet  you  one  hundred  dollar  he 
never  be  land-office  money  ! "  Hard  sense,  like  hard  money,  is  always 
above  par. 

This  old  Frenchman  presents  a  fine  figure  up  against  the  dark  back- 
ground of  most  of  his  nation.  They  made  no  progress.  They  clung  to 
their  earliest  and  simplest  implements.     They  never  wore  hats  or  caps^ 


HISTORY  OP  THE   STATE   OF  ILLINOIS.  121 

They  pulled  their  blankets  over  their  heads  in  the  winter  like  the  Indians, 
with  whom  they  freely  intermingled, 

Demagogism  had  an  early  development.  One  John  Grammar  (only 
in  name),  elected  to  the  Territorial  and  State  Legislatures  of  1816  and 
1836,  invented  the  policy  of  opposing  every  new  thing,  saying,  "  If  it 
succeeds,  no  one  will  ask  who  voted  against  it.  If  it  proves  a  failure,  he 
could  quote  its  record."  In  sharp  contrast  with  Grammar  was  the  char- 
acter of  D.  P.  Cook,  after  whom  the  county  containing  Chicago  was 
named.  Such  was  his  transparent  integrity  and  remarkable  ability  that 
his  will  was  almost  the  law  of  the  State.  In  Congress,  a  young  man, 
and  from  a  poor  State,  he  was  made  Chairman  of  the  Ways  and  Means 
Committee.  He  was  pre-eminent  for  standing  by  his  committee,  regard- 
less of  consequences.  It  was  his  integrity  that  elected  John  Quincy 
Adams  to  the  Presidency.  There  were  four  candidates  in  1824,  Jackson, 
Clay,  Crawford,  and  John  Quincy  Adams.  There  being  no  choice  by  the 
people,  the  election  was  thrown  into  the  House.  It  was  so  balanced  that 
it  turned  on  his  vote,  and  that  he  cast  for  Adams,  electing  him ;  then 
went  home  to  face  the  wrath  of  the  Jackson  party  in  Illinois.  It  cost 
him  all  but  character  and  greatness.  It  is  a  suggestive  comment  on  the 
times,  that  there  was  no  legal  interest  till  1830.  It  often  reached  150 
per  cent.,  usually  50  per  cent.  Then  it  was  reduced  to  12,  and  now  to 
10  per  cent. 

PHYSICAL  FEATURES  OP  THE    PRAIRIE  STATE. 

In  area  the  State  has  55,410  square  miles  of  territory.  It  is  about 
150  miles  wide  and  400  miles  long,  stretching  in  latitude  from  Maine  to 
North  Carolina.  It  embraces  wide  variety  of  climate.  It  is  tempered 
on  the  north  by  the  great  inland,  saltless,  tideless  sea,  which  keeps  the 
thermometer  from  either  extreme.  Being  a  table  land,  from  600  to  1,600 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea,  one  is  prepared  to  find  on  the  health 
maps,  prepared  by  the  general  government,  an  almost  clean  and  perfect 
record.  In  freedom  from  fever  and  malarial  diseases  and  consumptions, 
the  three  deadly  enemies  of  the  American  Saxon,  Illinois,  as  a  State, 
stands  without  a  superior.  She  furnishes  one  of  the  essential  conditions 
of  a  great  people — sound  bodies.  I  suspect  that  this  fact  lies  back  of 
that  old  Delaware  word,  Illini,  superior  men. 

The  great  battles  of  history  that  have  been  determinative  of  dynas- 
ties and  destinies  have  been  strategical  battles,  chiefly  the  question  of 
position.  Thermopylae  has  been  the  war-cry  of  freemen  for  twenty-four 
centuries.  It  only  tells  how  much  there  may  be  in  position.  All  this 
advantage  belongs  to  Illinois.  It  is  in  the  heart  of  the  greatest  valley  in 
the  world,  the  vast  region  between  the  mountains — a  valley  that  could 


122  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

feed  mankind  for  one  thousand  years.  It  is  well  on  toward  the  center  of 
the  continent.  It  is  in  the  great  temperate  belt,  in  which  have  been 
found  nearly  all  the  aggressive  civilizations  of  history.  It  has  sixty-five 
miles  of  frontage  on  the  head  of  the  lake.  With  the  Mississippi  forming 
the  western  and  southern  boundary,  with  the  Ohio  running  along  the 
southeastern  line,  with  the  Illinois  River  and  Canal  dividing  the  State 
diagonally  from  the  lake  to  the  Lower  Mississippi,  and  with  the  Rock  and 
Wabash  Rivers  furnishing  altogether  2,000  miles  of  water-front,  con- 
necting with,  and  running  through,  in  all  about  12,000  miles  of  navi- 
gable water. 

But  this  is  not  all.  These  waters  are  made  most  available  by  the 
fact  that  the  lake  and  the  State  lie  on  the  ridge  running  into  the  great 
valley  from  the  east.  Within  cannon-shot  of  the  lake  the  water  runs 
away  from  the  lake  to  the  Gulf.  The  lake  now  empties  at  both  ends, 
one  into  the  Atlantic  and  one  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  The  lake  thus 
seems  to  hang  over  the  land.  This  makes  the  dockage  most  serviceable  ; 
there  are  no  steep  banks  to  damage  it.  Both  lake  and  river  are  made 
for  use. 

The  climate  varies  from  Portland  to  Richmond ;  it  favors  every  pro- 
duct of  the  continent,  including  the  tropics,  with  less  than  half  a  dozen 
exceptions.  It  produces  every  great  nutriment  of  the  world  except  ban- 
anas and  rice.  It  is  hardly  too  much  to  say  that  it  is  the  most  productive 
spot  known  to  civilization.  With  the  soil  full  of  bread  and  the  earth  full 
of  minerals ;  with  an  upper  surface  of  food  and  an  under  layer  of  fuel ; 
with  perfect  natural  drainage,  and  abundant  springs  and  streams  and 
navigable  rivers  ;  half  way  between  the  forests  of  the  North  and  the  fruits 
of  the  South  ;  within  a  day's  ride  of  the  great  deposits  of  iron,  coal,  cop- 
per, lead,  and  zinc ;  containing  and  controlling  the  great  grain,  cattle, 
pork,  and  lumber  markets  of  the  world,  it  is  not  strange  that  Illinois  has 
the  advantage  of  position. 

This  advantage  has  been  supplemented  by  the  character  of  the  popu- 
lation. In  the  early  days  when  Illinois  was  first  admitted  to  the  Union, 
her  population  were'  chiefly  from  Kentucky  and  Virginia.  But,  in  the 
conflict  of  ideas  concerning  slavery,  a  strong  tide  of  emigration  came  in 
from  the  East,  and  soon  changed  this  composition.  In  1870  her  non- 
native  population  were  from  colder  soils.  New  York  furnished  133,290  ; 
Ohio  gave  162,623;  Pennsylvania  sent  on  98,352;  the  entire  South  gave 
us  only  206,734.  In  all  her  cities,  and  in  all  her  German  and  Scandina- 
vian and  other  foreign  colonies,  Illinois  has  only  about  one-fifth  of  her 
people  of  foreign  birth. 


HISTORY   OF   THE  STATE  OF   ILLINOIS.  123 


PROGRESS  OF  DEVELOPMENT. 

One  of  the  greatest  elements  in  the  early  development  of  Illinois  is 
the  Illinois  and  Michigan  Canal,  connecting  the  Illinois  and  Mississippi 
Rivers  with  the  lakes.  It  was  of  the  utmost  importance  to  the  State. 
It  Avas  recommended  by  Gov.  Bond,  the  first  governor,  in  his  first  message. 
In  1821,  the  Legislature  appropriated  $10,000  for  surveying  the  route. 
Two  bright  young  engineers  surveyed  it,  and  estimated  the  cost  at 
1600,000  or  $700,000.  It  finally  cost  $8,000,000.  In  1825,  a  law  was 
passed  to  incorporate  the  Canal  Company,  but  no  stock  was  sold.  In 
1826,  upon  the  solicitation  of  Cook,  Congress  gave  800,000  acres  of  land 
on  the  line  of  the  work.  In  1828,  another  law — commissioners  appointed, 
and  work  commenced  with  new  survey  and  new  estimates.  In  1834—35, 
George  Farquhar  made  an  able  report  on  the  whole  matter.  This  was, 
doubtless,  the  ablest  report  ever  made  to  a  western  legislature,  and  it 
became  the  model  for  subsequent  reports  and  action.  From  this  the 
work  went  on  till  it  was  finished  in  1848.  It  cost  the  State  a  large 
amount  of  money ;  but  it  gave  to  the  industries  of  the  State  an  impetus 
that  pushed  it  up  into  the  first  rank  of  greatness.  It  was  not  built  as  a 
speculation  any  more  than  a  doctor  is  employed  on  a  speculation.  But 
it  has  paid  into  the  Treasury  of  the  State  an  average  annual  net  sum  of 
over  $111,000. 

Pending  the  construction  of  the  canal,  the  land  and  town-lot  fever 
broke  out  in  the  State,  in  1834-35.  It  took  on  the  malignant  type  in 
Chicago,  lifting  the  town  up  into  a  city.  The  disease  spread  over  the 
entire  State  and  adjoining  States.  It  was  epidemic.  It  cut  up  men's 
farms  without  regard  to  locality,  and  cut  up  the  purses  of  the  purchasers 
without  regard  to  consequences.  It  is  estimated  that  building  lots  enough 
were  sold  in  Indiana  alone  to  accommodate  every  citizen  then  in  the 
United  States. 

Towns  and  cities  were  exported  to  the  Eastern  market  by  the  ship- 
load. There  was  no  lack  of  buyers.  Every  up-ship  came  freighted  with 
speculators  and  their  money. 

This  distemper  seized  upon  the  Legislature  in  1836-37,  and  left  not 
one  to  tell  the  tale.  They  enacted  a  system  of  internal  improvement 
without  a  parallel  in  the  grandeur  of  its  conception.  They  ordered  the 
construction  of  1,300  miles  of  railroad,  crossing  the  State  in  all  direc- 
tions. This  was  surpassed  by  the  river  and  canal  improvements. 
There  were  a  few  counties  not  touched  by  either  railroad  or  river  or 
canal,  and  those  were  to  be  comforted  and  compensated  by  the  free  dis- 
tribution of  $200,000  among  them.  To  inflate  this  balloon  beyond  cre- 
dence it  was  ordered  that  work  should  be  commenced  on  both  ends  of 


124  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF   ILLINOIS. 

each  of  these  railroads  and  rivers,  and  at  each  river-crossing,  all  at  the 
same  time.  The  appropriations  for  these  vast  improvements  were  over 
112,000,000,  and  commissioners  were  appointed  to  borrow  the  money  on 
the  credit  of  the  State.  Remember  that  all  this  was  in  the  early  days  of 
railroading,  when  railroads  were  luxuries ;  that  the  State  had  whole 
counties  with  scarcely  a  cabin ;  and  that  the  population  of  the  State  was 
less  than  400,000,  and  you  can  form  some  idea  of  the  vigor  with  which 
these  brave  men  undertook  the  work  of  making  a  great  State.  In  the 
light  of  history  I  am  compelled  to  say  that  this  was  only  a  premature 
throb  of  the  power  that  actually  slumbered  in  the  soil  of  the  State.  It 
was  Hercules  in  the  cradle. 

At  this  juncture  the  State  Bank  loaned  its  funds  largely  to  Godfrey 
Oilman  &  Co.,  and  to  other  leading  houses,  for  the  purpose  of  drawing 
trade  from  St.  Louis  to  Alton.  Soon  they  failed,  and  took  down  the 
bank  with  them. 

In  1840,  all  hope  seemed  gone.  A  population  of  480,000  were  loaded 
with  a  debt  of  $14,000,000.  It  had  only  six  small  cities,  really  only 
towns,  namely :  Chicago,  Alton,  Springfield,  Quincy,  Galena,  Nauvoo. 
This  debt  was  to  be  cared  for  when  there  was  not  a  dollar  in  the  treas- 
ury, and  when  the  State  had  borrowed  itself  out  of  all  credit,  and  when 
there  was  not  good  money  enough  in  the  hands  of  all  the  people  to  pay 
the  interest  of  the  debt  for  a  single  year.  Yet,  in  the  presence  of  all 
these  difficulties,  the  young  State  steadily  refused  to  repudiate.  Gov. 
Ford  took  hold  of  the  problem  and  solved  it,  bringing  the  State  through 
in  triumph. 

Having  touched  lightly  upon  some  of  the  more  distinctive  points  in 
the  history  of  the  development  of  Illinois,  let  us  next  briefly  consider  the 

MATERIAL  RESOURCES  OF  THE  STATE. 

It  is  a  garden  four  hundred  miles  long  and  one  hundred  and  fifty 
miles  wide.  Its  soil  is  chiefly  a  black  sandy  loam,  from  six  inches  to 
sixty  feet  thick.  On  the  American  bottoms  it  has  been  cultivated  for 
one  hundred  and  fifty  years  without  renewal.  About  the  old  French 
towns  it  has  yielded  corn  for  a  century  and  a  half  without  rest  or  help. 
It  produces  nearly  everything  green  in  the  temperate  and  tropical  zones. 
She  leads  all  other  States  in  the  number  of  acres  actually  under  plow. 
Her  products  from  25,000,000  of  acres  are  incalculable.  Her  mineral 
wealth  is  scarcely  second  to  her  agricultural  power.  She  has  coal,  iron, 
lead,  copper,  zinc,  many  varieties  of  building  stone,  fire  clay,  cuma  clay, 
common  brick  clay,  sand  of  all  kinds,  gravel,  mineral  paint — every  thing 
needed  for  a  high  civilization.  Left  to  herself,  she  has  the  elements  of 
all  greatness.     The  single  item  of  coal  is  too  vast  for  an  appreciative 


HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE   OF  ILLINOIS.  125 

handling  in  figures.  We  can  handle  it  in  general  terms  like  algebraical 
si^ns,  but  long  before  we  get  up  into  the  millions  and  billions  the  human 
mind  drops  down  from  comprehension  to  mere  symbolic  apprehension. 

When  I  tell  you  that  nearly  four-fifths  of  the  entire  State  is  under- 
laid with  a  deposit  of  coal  more  than  forty  feet  thick  on  the  average  (now 
estimated,  by  recent  surveys,  at  seventy  feet  thick),  you  can  get  some 
idea  of  its  amount,  as  you  do  of  the  amount  of  the  national  debt.  There 
it  is !  41,000  square  miles — one  vast  mine  into  which  you  could  put 
any  of  the  States  ;  in  which  you  could  bury  scores  of  European  and 
ancient  empires,  and  have  room  enough  all  round  to  work  without  know- 
ing that  they  had  been  sepulchered  there. 

Put  this  vast  coal-bed  down  by  the  other  great  coal  deposits  of  the 
world,  and  its  importance  becomes  manifest.  Great  Britain  has  12,000 
square  miles  of  coal ;  Spain,  3,000;  France,  1,719  ;  Belgium,  578  ;  Illinois 
about  twice  as  many  square  miles  as  all  combined.  Virginia  has  20,000 
square  miles ;  Pennsylvania,  16,000 ;  Ohio,  12,000.  Illinois  has  41,000 
square  miles.  One-seventh  of  all  the  known  coal  on  this  continent  is  in 
Blinois. 

Could  we  sell  the  coal  in  this  single  State  for  one-seventh  of  one  cent 
a  ton  it  would  pay  the  national  debt.  Converted  into  power,  even  with 
the  wastage  in  our  common  engines,  it  would  do  more  work  than  could 
be  done  by  the  entire  race,  beginning  at  Adam's  wedding  and  working 
ten  hours  a  day  through  all  the  centuries  till  the  present  time,  and  right 
on  into  the  future  at  the  same  rate  for  the  next  600,000  years. 

Great  Britain  uses  enough  mechanical  power  to-day  to  give  to  each 
man,  woman,  and  child  in  the  kingdom  the  help  and  service  of  nineteen 
untiring, servants.  No  wonder  she  has  leisure  and  luxuries.  No  wonder 
the  home  of  the  common  artisan  has  in  it  more  luxuries  than  could  be 
found  in  the  palace  of  good  old  King  Arthur.  Think,  if  you  can  conceive 
of  it,  of  the  vast  army  of  servants  that  slumber  in  the  soil  of  Illinois, 
impatiently  awaiting  the  call  of  Genius  to  come  forth  to  minister  to  our 
comfort. 

At  the  present  rate  of  consumption  England's  coal  supply  will  be 
exhausted  in  250  years.  When  this  is  gone  she  must  transfer  her  dominion 
either  to  the  Indies,  or  to  British  America,  which  I  would  not  resist ;  or 
to  some  other  people,  which  I  would  regret  as  a  loss  to  civilization. 

COAL  IS   KING. 

At  the  same  rate  of  consumption  (which  far  exceeds  our  own)  the 
deposit  of  coal  in  Illinois  will  last  120,000  years.  And  her  kingdom  shall 
be  an  everlasting  kingdom. 

Let  us  turn  uow  from  this  reserve  power  to  the  annual  product.;  of 


126  HISTORY   OF  THE  STATE   OF   LLLDSTOIS. 

the  State.  We  shall  not  be  humiliated  in  this  field.  Here  we  strike  the 
secret  of  our  national  credit.  Nature  provides  a  market  in  the  constant 
appetite  of  the  race.  Men  must  eat,  and  if  we  can  furnish  the  provisions 
we  can  command  the  treasure.  All  that  a  man  hath  will  he  give  for  his 
Hfe. 

According  to  the  last  census  Illinois  produced  30,000,000  of  bushels 
of  wheat.  That  is  more  wheat  than  was  raised  by  any  other  State  in  the 
Union.  She  raised  In  1875,  130,000,000  of  bushels  of  corn — twice  as 
much  as  any  other  State,  and  one-sixth  of  all  the  corn  raised  in  the  United 
States.  She  harvested  2,747,000  tons  of  hay,  nearly  one-tenth  of  all  the 
hay  in  the  Republic.  It  is  not  generally  appreciated,  but  it  is  true,  that 
the  hay  crop  of  the  country  is  worth  more  than  the  cotton  crop.  The 
hay  of  Illinois  equals  the  cotton  of  Louisiana.  Go  to  Charleston,  S.  C, 
and  see  them  peddling  handfuls  of  hay  or  grass,  almost  as  a  curiosity, 
as  we  regard  Chinese  gods  or  the  cryolite  of  Greenland ;  drink  your 
coffee  and  condensed  milk;  and  walk  back  from  the  coast  for  many  a 
league  through  the  sand  and  burs  till  you  get  up  into  the  better  atmos- 
phere of  the  mountains,  without  seeing  a  waving  meadow  or  a  grazing 
herd  ;  then  you  will  begin  to  appreciate  the  meadows  of  the  Prairie  State, 
where  the  grass  often  grows  sixteen  feet  high. 

The  value  of  her  farm  implements  is  $211,000,000,  and  the  value  of 
her  live  stock  is  only  second  to  the  great  State  of  New  York.  in  1875 
she  had  25,000,000  hogs,  and  packed  2,113,845,  about  one-half  of  all  that 
were  packed  in  the  United  States.  This  is  no  insignificant  item.  Pork 
is  a  growing  demand  of  the  old  world.  Since  the  laborers  of  Europe 
have  gotten  a  taste  of  our  bacon,  and  we  have  learned  how  to  pack  it  dry 
in  boxes,  like  dry  goods,  the  world  has  become  the  market. 

The  hog  is  on  the  march  into  the  future.  His  nose  is  ordained  to 
uncover  the  secrets  of  dominion,  and  his  feet  shall  be  guided  by  the  star 
of  empire. 

Illinois  marketed  $57,000,000  worth  of  slaughtered  animals — more 
than  any  other  State,  and  a  seventh  of  all  the  States. 

Be  patient  with  me,  and  pardon  my  pride,  and  I  will  give  you  a  list 
of  some  of  the  things  in  which  Illinois  excels  all  other  States. 

Depth  and  richness  of  soil ;  per  cent,  of  good  ground  ;  acres  of 
improved  land ;  large  farms — some  farms  contain  from  40,000  to  60,000 
acres  of  cultivated  land,  40,000  acres  of  corn  on  a  single  farm  ;  number  of 
farmers  ;  amount  of  wheat,  corn,  oats  and  honey  produced  ;  value  of  ani- 
mals for  slaughter;  number  of  hogs  ;  amount  of  pork  ;  nunjber  of  horses 
— three  times  as  many  as  Kentucky,  the  horse  State. 

Illinois  excels  all  other  States  in  miles  of  railroads  and  in  miles  of 
postal  service,  and  in  money  orders  sold  per  annum,  and  in  the  amount  of 
lumber  sold  in  her  markets. 


HISTORY  OF   THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS.  127 

Illinois  is  only  second  in  many  important  matters.  This  sample  list 
comprises  a  few  of  the  more  important :  Permanent  school  fund  (good 
for  a  young  state)  ;  total  income  for  educational  purposes  ;  number  of  pub- 
lishers of  books,  maps,  papers,  etc.;  value  of  farm  products  and  imple- 
ments, and  of  live  stock  ;  in  tons  of  coal  mined. 

The  shipping  of  Illinois  is  only  second  to  New  York.  Out  of  one 
port  during  the  business  hours  of  the  season  of  navigation  she  sends  forth 
a  vessel  every  ten  minutes.  This  does  not  include  canal  boats,  which  go 
one  every  five  minutes.  No  wonder  she  is  only  second  in  number  of 
bankers  and  brokers  or  in  physicians  and  surgeons. 

She  is  third  in  colleges,  teachers  and  schools ;  cattle,  lead,  hay, 
flax,  sorghum  and  beeswax. 

She  is  fourth  in  population,  in  children  enrolled  in  public  schools,  in 
law  schools,  in  butter,  potatoes  and  carriages. 

She  is  fifth  in  value  of  real  and  personal  property,  in  theological 
seminaries  and  colleges  exclusively  for  women,  in  milk  sold,  and  in  boots 
and  shoes  manufactured,  and  in  book-binding. 

She  is  only  seventh  in  the  production  of  wood,  while  she  is  the 
twelfth  in  area.  Surely  that  is  well  done  for  the  Prairie  State.  She  now 
has  much  more  wood  and  growing  timber  than  she  had  thirty  years  ago. 

A  few  leading  industries  will  justify  emphasis.  She  manufactures 
$205,000,000  worth  of  goods,  which  places  her  well  up  toward  New  York 
and  Pennsylvania.  The  number  of  her  manufacturing  establishments 
increased  from  1860  to  1870,  300  per  cent.;  capital  employed  increased  350 
per  cent.,  and  the  amount  of  product  increased  400  per  cent.  She  issued 
6,500,000  copies  of  commercial  and  financial  newspapers — only  second  to 
New  York.  She  has  6,759  miles  of  railroad,  thus  leading  all  other  States, 
worth  $686,458,000,  using  3,245  engines,  and  67,712  cars,  making  a  train 
long  enough  to  cover  one-tenth  of  the  entire  roads  of  the  State.  Her 
stations  are  only  five  miles  apart.  She  carried  last  year  15,795,000  passen- 
gers, an  average  of  SQw  miles,  or  equal  to  taking  her  entire  population  twice 
across  the  State.  More  than  two-thirds  of  her  land  is  within  five  miles  of 
a  railroad,  and  less  than  two  per  cent,  is  more  than  fifteen  miles  away. 

The  State  has  a  large  financial  interest  in  the  Illinois  Central  railroad. 
The  road  was  incorporated  in  1850,  and  the  State  gave  each  alternate  sec- 
tion for  six  miles  on  each  side,  and  doubled  the  price  of  the  remaining 
land,  so  keeping  herself  good.  The  road  received  2,595,000  acres  of  land, 
and  pays  to  the  State  one-seventh  of  the  gross  receipts.  The  State 
receives  this  year  $350,000,  and  has  received  in  all  about  $7,000,000.  It 
is  practically  the  people's  road,  and  it  has  a  most  able  and  gentlemanly 
management.  Add  to  this  the  annual  receipts  from  the  canal,  $111,000, 
and  a  large  per  cent,  of  the  State  tax  is  provided  for. 


128  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OP  ILLINOIS. 


THE   RELIGION  AND  MORALS 

of  the  State  keep  step  with  her  productions  and  growth.  She  was  born 
of  the  missionary  spirit.  It  was  a  minister  who  secured  for  her  the  ordi- 
nance of  1787,  by  which  she  has  been  saved  from  slavery,  ignorance,  and 
dishonesty.  Rev.  Mr.  Wiley,  pastor  of  a  Scotch  congregation  in  Randolph 
County,  petitioned  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1818  to  recognize 
Jesus  Christ  as  king,  and  the  Scriptures  as  the  only  necessary  guide  and 
book  of  law.  The  convention  did  not  act  in  the  case,  and  the  old  Cove- 
nanters refused  to  accept  citizenship.  They  never  voted  until  1824,  when 
the  slavery  question  was  submitted  to  the  people ;  then  they  all  voted 
against  it  and  cast  the  determining  votes.  Conscience  has  predominated 
whenever  a  great  moral  question  has  been  submitted  to  the  people. 

But  little  mob  violence  has  ever  been  felt  in  the  State.  In  1817 
regulators  disposed  of  a  band  of  horse-thieves  that  infested  the  territory. 
The  Mormon  indignities  finally  awoke  the  same  spirit.  Alton  was  also 
the  scene  of  a  pro-slavery  mob,  in  which  Lovejoy  was  added  to  the  list  of 
martyrs.  The  moral  sense  of  the  people  makes  the  law  supreme,  and  gives 
to  the  State  unruffled  peace. 

With  $22,300,000  in  church  property,  and  4,298  church  organizations, 
the  State  has  that  divine  police,  the  sleepless  patrol  of  moral  ideas,  that 
alone  is  able  to  secure  perfect  safety.  Conscience  takes  the  knife  from 
the  assassin's  hand  and  the  bludgeon  from  the  grasp  of  the  highwayman. 
We  sleep  in  safety,  not  because  we  are  behind  bolts  and  bars — these  only 
fence  against  the  innocent ;  not  because  a  lone  officer  drowses  on  a  distant 
corner  of  a  street ;  not  because  a  sheriff  may  call  his  posse  from  a  remote 
part  of  the  county ;  but  because  conscience  guards  the  very  portals  of  the 
air  and  stirs  in  the  deepest  recesses  of  the  public  mind.  This  spirit  issues 
within  the  State  9,500,000  copies  of  religious  papers  annually,  and  receives 
still  more  from  without.  Thus  the  crime  of  the  State  is  only  one-fourth 
that  of  New  York  and  one-half  that  of  Pennsylvania. 

Illinois  never  had  but  one  duel  between  her  own  citizens.  In  Belle- 
ville, in  1820,  Alphonso  Stewart  and  William  Bennett  arranged  to  vindi- 
cate injured  honor.  The  seconds  agreed  to  make  it  a  sham,  and  make 
them  shoot  blanks.  Stewart  was  in  the  secret.  Bennett  mistrusted  some- 
thing, and,  unobserved,  slipped  a  bullet  into  his  gun  and  killed  Stewart. 
He  then  fled  the  State.  After  two  years  he  was  caught,  tried,  convicted, 
and,  in  spite  of  friends  and  political  aid,  was  hung.  This  fixed  the  code 
of  honor  on  a  Christian  basis,  and  terminated  its  use  in  Illinois. 

The  early  preachers  were  ignorant  men,  who  were  accounted  eloquent 
according  to  the  strength  of  their  voices.  But  they  set  the  style  for  all 
public  speakers.   Lawyers  and  political  speakers  followed  this  rule.   Gov. 


HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OP  ILLINOIS.  129 

Ford  says:  "Nevertheless,  these  first  preachers  were  of  incalculable 
benefit  to  the  country.  They  inculcated  justice  and  morality.  To  them 
are  we  indebted  for  the  first  Christian  character  of  the  Protestant  portion 
of  the  people." 

In  education  Illinois  surpasses  her  material  resources.  The  ordinance 
of  1787  consecrated  one  thirty-sixth  of  her  soil  to  common  schools,  and 
the  law  of  1818,  the  first  law  that  went  upon  her  statutes,  gave  three  per 
cent,  of  all  the  rest  to 

EDUCATION. 

The  old  compact  secures  this  interest  forever,  and  by  its  yoking 
morality  and  intelligence  it  precludes  the  legal  interference  with  the  Bible 
in  the  public  schools.  With  such  a  start  it  is  natural  that  we  should  have 
11,050  schools,  and  that  our  illiteracy  should  be  less  than  New  York  or 
Pennsylvania,  and  only  about  one-half  of  Massachusetts.  We  are  not  to 
blame  for  not  having  more  than  one-half  as  many  idiots  as  the  great 
States.  These  public  schools  soon  made  colleges  inevitable.  The  first 
college,  still  flourishing,  was  started  in  Lebanon  in  1828,  by  the  M.  E. 
church,  and  named  after  Bishop  McKendree.  Illinois  College,  at  Jackson- 
ville, supported  by  the  Presbyterians,  followed  in  1830.  In  1832  the  Bap- 
tists built  Shurtleff  College,  at  Alton.  Then  the  Presbyterians  built  Knox 
College,  at  Galesburg,  in  1838,  and  the  Episcopalians  built  Jubilee  College, 
at  Peoria,  in  1847.  After  these  early  years  colleges  have  rained  down. 
A  settler  could  hardly  encamp  on  the  prairie  but  a  college  would  spring 
up  by  his  wagon.  The  State  now  has  one  very  well  endowed  and  equipped 
university,  namely,  the  Northwestern  University,  at  Evanston,  with  six 
colleges,  ninety  instructors,  over  1,000  students,  and  $1,500,000  endow- 
ment. 

Rev.  J.  M.  Peck  was  the  first  educated  Protestant  minister  m  tne 
State.  He  settled  at  Rock  Spring,  in  St.  Clair  County,  1820,  and  left  his 
impress  on  the  State.  Before  1837  only  party  papers  were  published,  but 
Mr.  Peck  published  a  Gazetteer  of  Illinois.  Soon  after  John  Russell,  of 
Bluffdale,  published  essays  and  tales  showing  genius.  Judge  James  Hall 
published  The  Illinois  Monthly  Magazine  with  great  ability,  and  an  annual 
called  The  Western  Souvenir^  which  gave  him  an  enviable  fame  all  over  the 
United  States.  From  these  beginnings  Illinois  has  gone  on  till  she  has 
more  volumes  in  public  libaaries  even  than  Massachusetts,  and  of  the 
44,500,000  volumes  in  all  the  public  libraries  of  the  United  States,  she 
has  one-thirteenth.  In  newspapers  she  stands  fourth.  Her  increase  is 
marvelous.  In  1850  she  issued  5,000,000  copies;  in  1860,  27,590,000  ;  in 
1870,  113,140,000.  In  1860  she  had  eighteen  colleges  and  seminaries ;  in 
1870  she  had  eighty.     That  is  a  grand  advance  for  the  war  decade. 

This  brings  us  to  a  record  unsurpassed  in  the  history  of  any  age. 


IBO  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OP  ILLINOIS. 


THE  WAR   RECORD  OF  ILLINOIS. 

I  hardly  know  where  to  begin,  or  how  to  advance,  or  what  to  say.  I 
can  at  best  give  you  only  a  broken  sj^nopsis  of  her  deeds,  and  you  must 
put  them  in  the  order  of  glory  for  yourself.  Her  sons  have  always  been 
foremost  on  fields  of  danger.  In  1832-33,  at  the  call  of  Gov.  Reynolds, 
her  sons  drove  Blackhawk  over  the  Mississippi. 

When  the  Mexican  war  came,  in  May,  1846,  8,370  men  offered  them- 
selves when  only  3,720  could  be  accepted.  The  fields  of  Buena  Vista  and 
Vera  Cruz,  and  the  storming  of  Cerro  Gordo,  will  carry  the  glory  of  Illinois 
soldiers  along  after  the  infamy  of  the  cause  they  served  has  been  forgotten. 
But  it  was  reserved  till  our  day  for  her  sons  to  find  a  field  and  cause  and 
foemen  that  could  fitly  illustrate  their  spirit  and  heroism.  Illinois  put 
into  her  own  regiments  for  the  United  States  government  256,000  men, 
and  into  the  army  through  other  States  enough  to  swell  the  number  to 
290,000.  This  far  exceeds  all  the  soldiers  of'  the  federal  government  in 
all  the  war  of  the  revolution.  Her  total  years  of  service  were  over  600,000. 
She  enrolled  men  from  eighteen  to  forty-five  years  of  age  when  the  law 
of  Congress  in  1864 — the  test  time — only  asked  for  those  from  twenty  to 
forty -five.  Her  enrollment  was  otherwise  excessive.  Her  people  wanted 
to  go,  and  did  not  take  the  pains  to  correct  the  enrollment.  Thus  the 
basis  of  fixing  the  quota  was  too  great,  and  then  the  quota  itself,  at  least 
in  the  trying  time,  was  far  above  any  other  State. 

Thus  the  demand  on  some  counties,  as  Monroe,  for  example,  took  every 
able-bodied  man  in  the  county,  and  then  did  not  have  enough  to  fill  the 
quota.  Moreover,  Illinois  sent  20,844  men  for  ninety  or  one  hundred  days, 
for  whom  no  credit  was  asked.  When  Mr.  Lincoln's  attention  was  called 
to  the  inequality  of  the  quota  compared  with  other  States,  he  replied, 
"  The  country  needs  the  sacrifice.  We  must  put  the  whip  on  the  free 
horse."'  In  spite  of  all  these  disadvantages  Illinois  gave  to  the  country 
73,000  years  of  service  above  all  calls.  With  one-thirteenth  of  the  popu- 
lation of  the  loyal  States,  she  sent  regularly  one-tenth  of  all  the  soldiers, 
and  in  the  peril  of  the  closing  calls,  when  patriots  were  few  and  weary, 
she  then  sent  one-eighth  of  all  that  were  called  for  by  her  loved  and  hon- 
ored son  in  the  white  house.  Her  mothers  and  daughters  went  into  the 
fields  to  raise  the  grain  and  keep  the  children  together,  while  the  fathers 
and  older  sons  went  to  the  harvest  fields  of  the  world.  I  knew  a  father 
and  four  sons  who  agreed  that  one  of  them  must  stay  at  home ;  and  they 
pulled  straws  from  a  stack  to  see  who  might  go.  The  father  was  left.. 
The  next  day  he  came  into  the  camp,  saying  :  "  Mother  says  she  can  get 
the  crops  in,  and  I  am  going,  too."  I  know  large  Methodist  churches 
from  whicli  every  male  member  went  to  the  army.    Do  you  want  to  know 


HISTORY   OF   THE  STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  131 

what  these  heroes  from  Illinois  did  in  the  field  ?  Ask  any  soldier  with  a 
good  record  of  his  own,  who  is  thus  able  to  judge,  and  he  will  tell  you 
that  the  Illinois  men  went  in  to  win.  It  is  common  history  that  the  greater 
victories  were  won  in  the  West.  When  everything  else  looked  dark  Illi- 
nois was  gaining  victories  all  down  the  river,  and  dividing  the  confederacy. 
Sherman  took  with  him  on  his  great  march  forty-five  regiments  of  Illinois 
infantry,  three  companies  of  artillery,  and  one  company  of  cavalry.  He 
could  not  avoid 

GOING  TO  THE  SEA. 

If  he  had  been  killed,  I  doubt  not  the  men  would  have  gone  right  on. 
Lincoln  answered  all  rumors  of  Sherman's  defeat  with,  "  It  is  impossible  ; 
there  is  a  mighty  sight  of  fight  in  100,000  Western  men."  Illinois  soldiers 
brought  home  300  battle-flags.  The  first  United  States  flag  that  floated 
over  Richmond  was  an  Illinois  fl'ag.  She  sent  messengers  and  nurses  to 
every  field  and  hospital,  to  care  for  her  sick  and  wounded  sons.  She  said, 
"  These  suffering  ones  are  my  sons,  and  I  will  care  for  them." 

When  individuals  had  given  all,  then  cities  and  towns  came  forward 
with  their  credit  to  the  extent  of  many  millions,  to  aid  these  men  and 
their  families. 

Illinois  gave  the  country  the  great  general  of  the  war — Ulysses  S. 
Grant — since  honored  with  two  terms  of  the  Presidency  of  the  United 
States. 

One  other  name  from  Illinois  comes  up  in  all  minds,  embalmed  in  all 
hearts,  that  must  have  the  supreme  place  in  this  story  of  our  glory  and 
of  our  nation's  honor  ;  that  name  is  Abraham  Lincoln,  of 'Illinois. 

The  analysis  of  Mr.  Lincoln's  character  is  difficult  on  account  of  its 
symmetry. 

In  this  age  we  look  with  admiration  at  his  uncompromising  honesty. 
And  well  we  may,  for  this  saved  us.  Thousands  throughout  the  length 
and  breadth  of  our  country  who  knew  him  only  as  "  Honest  Old  Abe," 
voted  for  him  on  that  account ;  and  wisely  did  they  choose,  for  no  other 
man  could  have  carried  us  through  the  fearful  night  of  the  war.  When 
his  plans  were  too  vast  for  our  comprehension,  and  his  faith  in  the  cause 
too  sublime  for  our  participation ;  when  it  was  all  night  about  us,  and  all 
dread  before  us,  and  all  sad  and  desolate  behind  us ;  when  not  one  ray 
shone  upon  our  cause ;  when  traitors  were  haughty  and  exultant  at  the 
South,  and  fierce  and  blasphemous  at  the  North  ;  when  the  loyal  men  here 
seemed  almost  in  the  minority  ;  when  the  stoutest  heart  quailed,  the  bravest 
cheek  paled  ;  when  generals  were  defeating  each  other  for  place,  and 
contractors  were  leeching  out  the  very  heart's  blood  of  the  prostrate 
republic :  when  every  thing  else  had  failed  us,  we  looked  at  this  calm, 
patient  man  standing  like  a  rock  in  the  storm,  and  said :     "  Mr.  Lincoln 


132  HISTOEY  OP  THE   STATE   OF    ILLINOIS. 

is  honest,  and  we  can  trust  him  still."  Holding  to  this  single  point  with 
the  energy  of  faith  and  despair  we  held  together,  and,  under  God,  he 
brought  us  through  to  victory. 

His  practical  wisdom  made  him  the  wonder  of  all  lands.  With  such 
certainty  did  Mr.  Lincoln  follow  causes  to  their  ultimate  effects,  that  his 
foresight  of  contingencies  seemed  almost  prophetic. 

He  is  radiant  with  all  the  great  virtues,  and  his  memory  shall  shed  a 
glory  upon  this  age  that  shall  fill  the  eyes  of  men  as  they  look  into  his- 
tory. Other  men  have  excelled  him  in  some  point,  but,  taken  at  all 
points,  all  in  all,  he  stands  head  and  shoulders  above  every  other  man  of 
6,000  years.  An  administrator,  he  saved  the  nation  in  the  perils  of 
unparalleled  civil  war.  A  statesman,  he  justified  his  measures  by  their 
success.  A  philanthropist,  he  gave  liberty  to  one  race  and  salvation  to 
another.  A  moralist,  he  bowed  from  the  summit  of  human  power  to  the 
foot  of  the  Cross,  and  became  a  Christian.  A  mediator,  he  exercised  mercy 
under  the  most  absolute  abeyance  to  law.  A  leader,  he  was  no  partisan. 
A  commander,  he  was  untainted  with  blood.  A  ruler  in  desperate  times, 
he  was  unsullied  with  crime.  A  man,  he  has  left  no  word  of  passion,  no 
thought  of  malice,  no  trick  of  craft,  no  act  of  jealousy,  no  purpose  of 
selfish  ambition.  Thus  perfected,  without  a  model,  and  without  a  peer, 
he  was  dropped  into  these  troubled  years  to  adorn  and  embellish  all  that 
is  good  and  all  that  is  great  in  our  humanity,  and  to  present  to  all  coming 
time  the  representative  of  the  divine  idea  of  free  government. 

It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  away  down  in  the  future,  when  the 
republic  has  fallen  from  its  niche  in  the  wall  of  time  ;  when  the  great 
war  itself  shall  have  faded  out  in  the  distance  like  a  mist  on  the  horizon ; 
when  the  Anglo-Saxon  language  shall  be  spoken  only  by  the  tongue  of 
the  stranger ;  then  the  generations  looking  this  way  shall  see  the  great 
president  as  the  supreme  figure  in  this  vortex  of  historv 

CHICAGO. 

It  is  impossible  in  our  brief  space  to  give  more  than  a  meager  sketch 
of  such  a  city  as  Chicago,  which  is  in  itself  the  greatest  marvel  of  the 
Prairie  State.  This  mysterious,  majestic,  mighty  city,  born  first  of  water, 
and  next  of  fire ;  sown  in  weakness,  and  raised  in  power ;  planted  among 
the  willows  of  the  marsh,  and  crowned  with  the  glory  of  the  mountains ; 
sleeping  on  the  bosom  of  the  prairie,  and  rocked  on  the  bosom  of  the  sea ; 
the  youngest  city  of  the  world,  and  still  the  eye  of  the  prairie,  as  Damas- 
cus, the  oldest  city  of  the  world,  is  the  eye  of  the  desert.  With  a  com- 
merce far  exceeding  that  of  Corinth  on  her  isthmus,  in  the  highway  to 
the  East ;  with  the  defenses  of  a  continent  piled  around  her  by  the  thou- 
sand miles,  making  her  far  safer  than  Rome  on  the  banks  of  the  Tiber ; 


I!} 


HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS. 


133 


CO 
CO 
00 


134  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  •? 

-with  schools  eclipsing  Alexandria  and  Athens  ;  with  liberties  more  con- 
spicuous than  those  of  the  old  republics  ;  with  a  heroism  equal  to  the  first 
Carthage,  and  with  a  sanctity  scarcely  second  to  that  of  Jerusalem — set 
your  thoughts  on  all  this,  lifted  into  the  eyes  of  all  men  by  the  miracle  of 
its  growth,  illuminated  by  the  flame  of  its  fall,  and  transfigured  by  the 
divinity  of  its  resurrection,  and  you  will  feel,  as  I  do,  the  utter  impossi- 
bility of  compassing  this  subject  as  it  deserves.  Some  impression  of  her 
importance  is  received  from  the  shock  her  burning  gave  to  the  civilized 
world. 

When  the  doubt  of  her  calamity  was  removed,  and  the  horrid  fact 
was  accepted,  there  went  a  shudder  over  all  cities,  and  a  quiver  over  all 
lands.  There  was  scarcely  a  town  in  the  civilized  world  that  did  not 
shake  on  the  brink  of  this  opening  chasm.  The  flames  of  our  homes  red- 
dened all  skies.  The  city  was  set  upon  a  hill,  and  could  not  be  hid.  All 
eyes  were  turned  upon  it.  To  have  struggled  and  suffered  amid  the 
scenes  of  its  fall  is  as  distinguishing  as  to  have  fought  at  Thermopylae,  or 
Salamis,  or  Hastings,  or  Waterloo,  or  Bunker  Hill. 

Its  calamity  amazed  the  world,  because  it  was  felt  to  be  the  common 
property  of  mankind. 

The  early  history  of  the  city  is  full  of  interest,  just  as  the  early  his- 
tory of  such  a  man  as  Washington  or  Lincoln  becomes  public  property, 
and  is  cherished  by  every  patriot. 

Starting  with  560  acres  in  1833,  it  embraced  and  occupied  23,000 
acres  in  1869,  and,  having  now  a  population  of  more  than  500,000,  it  com- 
mands general  attention. 

The  first  settler — Jean  Baptiste  Pointe  au  Sable,  a  mulatto  from  the 
West  Indies — came  and  began  trade  with  the  Indians  in  1796.  John 
Kinzie  became  his  successor  in  1804,  in  which  year  Fort  Dearborn  was 
erected. 

A  mere  trading-post  was  kept  here  from  that  time  till  about  the  time 
of  the  Blackhawk  war,  in  1832.  It  was  not  the  city.  It  was  merely  a 
cock  crowing  at  midnight.  The  morning  was  not  yet.  In  1833  the  set- 
tlement about  the  fort  was  incorporated  as  a  town.  The  voters  were 
divided  on  the  propriety  of  such  corporation,  twelve  voting  for  it  and  one 
against  it.  Four  years  later  it  was  incorporated  as  a  city,  and  embraced 
660  acres. 

The  produce  handled  in  this  city  is  an  indication  of  its  power.  Grain 
and  flour  were  imported  from  the  East  till  as  late  as  1837.  The  first 
exportation  by  way  of  experiment  was  in  1839.  Exports  exceeded  imports 
first  in  1842.  The  Board  of  Trade  was  organized  in  1848,  but  it  was  so 
weak  that  it  needed  nursing  till  1855.  Grain  was  purchased  by  the 
wagon-load  in  the  street. 

I  remember  sitting  with  my  father  on  a  load  of  wheat,  in  the  long 


HISTORY   OF  THE  STATE  OP   ILLINOIS.  135 

line  of  wagons  along  Lake  street,  while  the  buyers  came  and  untied  the 
bags,  and  examined  the  grain,  and  made  their  bids.  That  manner  of 
business  had  to  cease  with  the  day  of  small  things.  Now  our  elevators 
will  hold  15,000,000  bushels  of  grain.  The  cash  value  of  the  produce 
handled  in  a  year  is  $215,000,000,  and  the  produce  weighs  7,000,000 
tons  or  700,000  car  loads.  This  handles  thirteen  and  a  half  ton  each 
minute,  all  the  year  round.  One  tenth  of  all  the  wheat  in  the  United 
States  is  handled  in  Chicago.  Even  as  long  ago  as  1853  the  receipts  of 
grain  in  Chicago  exceeded  those  of  the  goodly  city  of  St.  Louis,  and  in 
1854  the  exports  of  grain  from  Chicago  exceeded  those  of  New  York  and 
doubled  those  of  St.  Petersburg,  Archangel,  or  Odessa,  the  largest  grain 
markets  in  Europe. 

The  manufacturing  interests  of  the  city  are  not  contemptible.  In 
1873  manufactories  employed  45,000  operatives ;  in  1876,  60,000.  The 
manufactured  product  in  1875  was  worth  $177,000,000. 

No  estimate  of  the  size  and  power  of  Chicago  would  be  adequate 
that  did  not  put  large  emphasis  on  the  railroads.  Before  they  came 
thundering  along  our  streets  canals  were  the  hope  of  onr  country.  But 
who  ever  thinks  now  of  traveling  by  canal  packets  ?  In  June,  1852, 
there  were  only  forty  miles  of  railroad  connected  with  the  city.  The 
old  Galena  division  of  the  Northwestern  ran  out  to  Elgin.  But  now, 
who  can  count  the  trains  and  measure  the  roads  that  seek  a  terminus  or 
connection  in  this  city  ?  The  lake  stretches  away  to  the  north,  gathering 
in  to  this  center  all  the  harvests  that  might  otherwise  pass  to  the  north 
of  us.  If  you  will  take  a  map  and  look  at  the  adjustment  of  railroads, 
you  will  see,  first,  that  Chicago  is  the  great  railroad  center  of  the  world, 
as  New  York  is  the  commercial  city  of  this  continent ;  and,  second,  that 
the  railroad  lines  form  the  iron  spokes  of  a  great  wheel  whose  hub  is 
this  city.  The  lake  furnishes  the  only  break  in  the  spokes,  and  this 
seems  simply  to  have  pushed  a  few  spokes  together  on  each  shore.  See 
the  eighteen  trunk  lines,  exclusive  of  eastern  connections. 

Pass  round  the  circle,  and  view  their  numbers  and  extent.  There 
is  the  great  Northwestern,  with  all  its  branches,  one  branch  creeping 
along  the  lake  shore,  and  so  reaching  to  the  north,  into  the  Lake  Superior 
regions,  away  to  the  right,  and  on  to  the  Northern  Pacific  on  the  left, 
swinging  around  Green  Bay  for  iron  and  copper  and  silver,  twelve  months 
in  the  year,  and  reaching  out  for  the  wealth  of  the  great  agricultural 
belt  and  isothermal  line  traversed  by  the  Northern  Pacific.  Another 
branch,  not  so  far  north,  feeling  for  the  heart  of  the  Badger  State. 
Another  pushing  lower  down  the  Mississippi — all  these  make  many  con- 
nections, and  tapping  all  the  vast  wheat  regions  of  Minnesota,  Wisconsin, 
Iowa,  and  all  the  regions  this  side  of  sunset.  There  is  that  elegant  road, 
the  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy,  running  out  a  goodly   number  of 


136 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


.m 


\f 


OLD    FOBT    DEARBORN,    1830. 


'I 


PRESENT    SITE    OK    I.AKE    STKEET    JJKlDtiE,    CHICAGO,    IN    1833. 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  137 

branches,  and  reaping  the  great  fields  this  side  of  the  Missouri  River. 
1  can  only  mention  the  Chicago,  Alton  &  St.  Louis,  our  Illinois  Central, 
described  elsewhere,  and  the  Chicago  &  Rock  Island.  Further  around 
we  come  to  the  lines  connecting  us  with  all  the  eastern  cities.  The 
Chicago,  Indianapolis  &  St.  Louis,  the  Pittsburgh,  Fort  Wayne  & 
Chicago,  the  Lake  Shore  &  Michigan  Southern,  and  the  Michigan  Cen- 
tral and  Great  Western,  give  us  many  highways  to  the  seaboard.  Thus  we 
reach  the  Mississippi  at  five  points,  fi'om  St.  Paul  to  Cairo  and  the  Gulf 
itself  by  two  routes.  We  also  reach  Cincinnati  and  Baltimore,  and  Pitts- 
burgh and  Philadelphia,  and  New  York.  North  and  south  run  the  water 
courses  of  the  lakes  and  the  rivers,  broken  just  enough  at  this  point  to 
make  a  pass.  Through  this,  from  east  to  west,  run  the  long  lines  that 
stretch  from  ocean  to  ocean. 

This  is  the  neck  of  the  glass,  and  the  golden  sands  of  commerce 
must  pass  into  our  hands.  Altogether  we  have  more  than  10,000  miles 
of  railroad,  directly  tributary  to  this  city,  seeking  to  unload  their  wealth 
in  our  coffers.  All  these  roads  have  come  themselves  by  the  infallible 
instinct  of  capital.  Not  a  dollar  was  ever  given  by  the  city  to  secure 
one  of  them,  and  only  a  small  per  cent,  of  stock  taken  originally  by  her 
citizens,  and  that  taken  simply  as  an  investment.  Coming  in  the  natural 
order  of  events,  they  will  not  be  easily  diverted. 

There  is  still  another  showing  to  all  this.  The  connection  between 
New  York  and  San  Francisco  is  by  the  middle  route.  This  passes  inevit- 
ably through  Chicago.  St.  Louis  wants  the  Southern  Pacific  or  Kansas 
Pacific,  and  pushes  it  out  through  Denver,  and  so  on  up  to  Cheyenne. 
But  before  the  road  is  fairly  under  way,  the  Chicago  roads  shove  out  to 
Kansas  City,  making  even  the  Kansas  Pacific  a  feeder,  and  actually  leav- 
ing St.  Louis  out  in  the  cold.  It  is  not  too  much  to  expect  that  Dakota, 
Montana,  and  Washington  Territory  will  find  their  great  market  in  Chi- 
cago. 

But  these  are  not  all.  Perhaps  I  had  better  notice  here  the  ten  or 
fifteen  new  roads  that  have  just  entered,  or  are  just  entering,  our  city. 
Their  names  are  all  that  is  necessary  to  give.  Chicago  &  St.  Paul,  look- 
ing up  the  Red  River  country  to  the  British  possessions ;  the  Chicago, 
Atlantic  &  Pacific ;  the  Chicago,  Decatur  &  State  Line ;  the  Baltimore  & 
Ohio;  the  Chicago,  Danville  &  Vincennes;  the  Chicago  &  LaSalle  Rail- 
road ;  the  Chicago,  Pittsburgh  &  Cincinnati ;  the  Chicago  and  Canada 
Southern ;  the  Chicago  and  Illinois  River  Railroad.  These,  with  their 
connections,  and  with  the  new  connections  of  the  old  roads,  already  in 
process  of  erection,  give  to  Chicago  not  less  than  10,000  miles  of  new 
tributaries  from  the  richest  land  on  the  continent.  Thus  there  will  be 
added  to  the  reserve  power,  to  the  capital  within  reach  of  this  city,  not 
less  than  $1,000,000,000. 


138  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS. 

Add  to  all  this  transporting  power  the  ships  that  sail  one  every  nine 
minutes  of  the  business  hours  of  the  season  of  navigation ;  add,  also,  the 
canal  boats  that  leave  one  every  five  minutes  during  the  same  time — and 
you  will  see  something  of  the  business  of  the  city. 

THE  COMMERCE  OF  THIS  CITY 

has  been  leaping  along  to  keep  pace  with  the  growth  of  the  country 
around  us.  In  1852,  our  commerce  reached  the  hopeful  sum  of 
$20,000,000.  In  1870  it  reached  1400,000,000.  In  1871  it  was  pushed 
up  above  $450,000,000.     And  in  1875  it  touched  nearly  double  that. 

One-half  of  our  imported  goods  come  directly  to  Chicago.  Grain 
enough  is  exported  directly  from  our  docks  to  the  old  world  to  employ  a 
semi-weekly  line  of  steamers  of  3,000  tons  capacity.  This  branch  is 
not  likely  to  be  greatly  developed.  Even  after  the  great  Welland  Canal 
is  completed  we  shall  have  only  fourteen  feet  of  water.  The  great  ocean 
vessels  will  continue  to  control  the  trade. 

The  banking  capital  of  Chicago  is  $24,431,000.  Total  exchange  in 
1875,  $659,000,000.  Her  wholesale  business  in  1875  was  $294,000,000. 
The  rate  of  taxes  is  less  than  in  any  other  great  city. 

The  schools  of  Chicago  are  unsurpassed  in  America.  Out  of  a  popu- 
lation of  300,000  there  were  only  186  persons  between  the  ages  of  six 
and  twenty-one  unable  to  read.     This  is  the  best  known  record. 

In  1831  the  mail  system  was  condensed  into  a  half-breed,  who  went 
on  foot  to  Niles,  Mich.,  once  in  two  weeks,  and  brought  back  what  papers 
and  news  he  could  find.  As  late  as  1846  there  was  often  only  one  mail 
a  week.  A  post-office  was  established  in  Chicago  in  1833,  and  the  post- 
master nailed  up  old  boot-legs  on  one  side  of  his-  shop  to  serve  as  boxes 
for  the  nabobs  and  literary  men. 

It  is  an  interesting  fact  in  the  growth  of  the  young  city  that  in  the 
active  life  of  the  business  men  of  that  day  the  mail  matter  has  grown  to 
a  daily  average  of  over  6,500  pounds.  It  speaks  equally  well  for  the  I 
intelligence  of  the  people  and  the  commercial  importance  of  the  place,  \ 
that  the  mail  matter  distributed  to  the  territory  immediately  tributary  to  j 
Chicago  is  seven  times  greater  than  that  distributed  to  the  territory  I 
immediately  tributary  to  St.  Louis.  ||I 

The  improvements  that  have  characterized  the  city  are  as  startling       '' 
as  the  city  itself.     In  1831,  Mark  Beaubien  established  a  ferry  over  the       \ 
river,  and  put  himself  under  bonds  to  carry  all  the  citizens  free  for  the 
privilege  of  charging  strangers.     Now  there  are  twenty-four  large  bridges 
and  two  tunnels. 

In  1833  the  government  expended  $30,000  on  the  harbor.  Then 
commenced  that  series  of  manoeuvers  with  the  river  that  has  made  it  one 


HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF   ILLINOIS.  139 

of  the  world's  curiosities.  It  used  to  wind  around  in  the  lower  end  of 
the  town,  and  make  its  way  rippling  over  the  sand  into  the  lake  at  the 
foot  of  Madison  street.  They  took  it  up  and  put  it  down  where  it  now 
is.  It  was  a  narrow  stream,  so  narrow  that  even  moderately  small  crafts 
had  to  go  up  through  the  willows  and  cat's  tails  to  the  point  near  Lake 
street  bridge,  and  back  up  one  of  the  branches  to  get  room  enough  in 
which  to  turn  around. 

In  1844  the  quagmires  in  the  streets  were  first  pontooned  by  plank 
roads,  which  acted  in  wet  weather  as  public  squirt-guns.  Keeping  you 
out  of  the  mud,  they  compromised  by  squirting  the  mud  over  you.  The 
wooden-block  pavements  came  to  Chicago  in  1857.  In  1840  water  was 
delivered  by  peddlers  in  carts  or  by  hand.  Then  a  twenty-five  horse- 
power engine  pushed  it  through  hollow  or  bored  logs  along  the  streets 
till  1854,  when  it  was  introduced  into  the  houses  by  new  works.  The 
first  fire-engine  was  used  in  1835,  and  the  first  steam  fire-engine  in  1859. 
Gas  was  utilized  for  lighting  the  city  in  1850.  The  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association  was  organized  in  1858,  and  horse  railroads  carried  them 
to  their  work  in  1859.  The  museum  was  opened  in  1863.  The  alarm 
telegraph  adopted  in  1864.  The  opera-house  built  in  1865.  The  city 
grew  from  560  acres  in  1833  to  23,000  in  1869.  In  1834,  the  taxes 
amounted  to  $48.90,  and  the  trustees  of  the  town  borrowed  $60  more  for 
opening  and  improving  streets.  In  1835,  the  legislature  authorized  a  loan 
of  $2,000,  and  the  treasurer  and  street  commissioners  resigned  rather  than 
plunge  the  town  into  such  a  gulf. 

Now  the  city  embraces  36  square  miles  of  territory,  and  has  30  miles 
of  water  front,  besides  the  outside  harbor  of  refuge,  of  400  acres,  inclosed 
by  a  crib  sea-wall.  One-third  of  the  city  has  been  raised  up  an  average 
of  eight  feet,  giving  good  pitch  to  the  263  miles  of  sewerage.  The  water 
of  the  city  is  above  all  competition.  It  is  received  througli  two  tunnels 
extending  to  a  crib  in  the  lake  two  miles  from  shore.  The  closest  analy- 
sis fails  to  detect  any  impurities,  and,  received  35  feet  below  the  surface, 
it  is  always  clear  and  cold.  The  first  tunnel  is  five  feet  two  inches  in 
diameter  and  two  miles  long,  and  can  deliver  50,000,000  of  gallons  per 
day.  The  second  tunnel  is  seven  feet  in  diameter  and  six  miles  long, 
running  four  miles  under  the  city,  and  can  deliver  100,000,000  of  gal- 
lons per  day.  This  water  is  distributed  through  410  miles  of  water- 
mains. 

The  three  grand  engineering  exploits  of  the  city  are :  First,  lifting 
the  city  up  on  jack-screws,  whole  squares  at  a  time,  without  interrupting 
the  business,  thus  giving  us  good  drainage  ;  second,  running  the  tunnels 
under  the  lake,  giving  us  the  best  water  in  the  world ;  and  third,  the 
turning  the  current  of  the  river  in  its  own  channel,  delivering  us  from  the 
old  abominations,  and  making  decency  possible.     They  redound  about 


140  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

equally  to  the  credit  of  the  engineering,  to  the  energy  of  the  people,  and 
to  the  health  of  the  city. 

That  which  really  constitutes  the  city,  its  indescribable  spirit,  its  soul, 
the  way  it  lights  up  in  every  feature  in  the  hour  of  action,  has  not  been 
touched.  In  meeting  strangers,  one  is  often  surprised  how  some  homely 
women  marry  so  well.  Their  forms  are  bad,  their  gait  uneven  and  awk- 
ward, their  complexion  is  dull,  their  features  are  misshapen  and  mismatch- 
ed, and  when  we  see  them  there  is  no  beauty  that  we  should  desire  them. 
But  when  once  they  are  aroused  on  some  subject,  they  put  on  new  pro- 
portions. They  light  up  into  great  power.  The  real  person  comes  out 
from  its  unseemly  ambush,  and  captures  us  at  will.  They  have  power. 
They  have  ability  to  cause  things  to  come  to  pass.  We  no  longer  wonder 
why  they  are  in  such  high  demand.     So  it  is  with  our  city. 

There  is  no  grand  scenery  except  the  two  seas,  one  of  water,  the 
other  of  prairie.  Nevertheless,  there  is  a  spirit  about  it,  a  push,  a  breadth, 
a  power,  that  soon  makes  it  a  place  never  to  be  forsaken.  One  soon 
ceases  to  believe  in  impossibilities.  Balaams  are  the  only  prophets  that  are 
disappointed.  The  bottom  that  has  been  on  the  point  of  falling  out  has 
been  there  so  long  that  it  has  grown  fast.  It  can  not  fall  out.  It  has  all 
the  capital  of  the  world  itching  to  get  inside  the  corporation. 

The  two  great  laws  that  govern  the  growth  and  size  of  cities  are, 
first,  the  amount  of  territory  for  which  they  are  the  distributing  and 
receiving  points  ;  second,  the  number  of  medium  or  moderate  dealers  that 
do  this  distributing.  Monopolists  build  up  themselves,  not  the  cities. 
They  neither  eat,  wear,  nor  live  in  proportion  to  their  business.  Both 
these  laws  help  Chicago. 

The  tide  of  trade  is  eastward — not  up  or  down  the  map,  but  across 
the  map.  The  lake  runs  up  a  wingdam  for  500  miles  to  gather  in  the 
business.  Commerce  can  not  ferry  up  there  for  seven  months  in  the  year, 
and  the  facilities  for  seven  months  can  do  the  work  for  twelve.  Then  the 
great  region  west  of  us  is  nearly  all  good,  productive  land.  Dropping 
south  into  the  trail  of  St.  Louis,  you  fall  into  vast  deserts  and  rocky  dis- 
tricts, useful  in  holding  the  world  together.  St.  Louis  and  Cincinnati, 
instead  of  rivaling  and  hurting  Chicago,  are  her  greatest  sureties  of 
dominion.  They  are  far  enough  away  to  give  sea-room, — farther  off  than 
Paris  is  from  London, — and  yet  they  are  near  enough  to  prevent  the 
springing  up  of  any  other  great  city  between  them. 

St.  Louis  will  be  helped  by  the  opening  of  the  Mississippi,  but  also 
hurt.  That  will  put  New  Orleans  on  her  feet,  and  with  a  railroad  running 
over  into  Texas  and  so  West,  she  will  tap  the  streams  that  now  crawl  up 
the  Texas  and  Missouri  road.  The  current  is  East,  not  North,  and  a  sea- 
port at  New  Orleans  can  not  permanently  help  St.  Louis. 

Chicago  is  in  the  field  almost  alone,  to  handle  the  wealth  of  one- 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF    ILLINOIS.  141 

fourth  of  the  territory  of  this  great  republic.  This  strip  of  seacoast 
divides  its  margins  between  Portland,  Boston,  New  York,  Philadelphia, 
Baltimore  and  Savannah,  or  some  other  great  port  to  be  created  for  the 
South  in  the  next  decade.  But  Chicago  has  a  dozen  empires  casting  their 
treasures  into  her  lap.  On  a  bed  of  coal  that  can  run  all  the  machinery 
of  the  world  for  500  centuries  ;  in  a  garden  that  can  feed  the  race  b}^  the 
thousand  years ;  at  the  head  of  the  lakes  that  give  her  a  temperature  as  a 
summer  resort  equaled  by  no  great  city  in  the  land  :  with  a  climate  that 
insures  the  health  of  her  citizens ;  surrounded  by  all  the  great  deposits 
of  natural  wealth  in  mines  aud  forests  and  herds,  Chicago  is  the  wonder 
of  to-day,  and  will  be  the  city  of  the  future. 

MASSACRE  AT  FORT  DEARBORN. 

During  the  war  of  1812,  Fort  Dearborn  became  the  theater  of  stirring 
events.  The  garrison  consisted  of  fifty-four  men  under  command  of 
Captain  Nathan  Heald.  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Helm  (son-in-law  of  Mrs. 
Kinzie)  and  Ensign  Ronan.  Dr.  Voorhees  was  surgeon.  The  only  resi- 
dents at  the  post  at  that  time  were  the  wives  of  Captain  Heald  and  Lieu- 
tenant Helm,  and  a  few  of  the  soldiers,  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family,  and 
a  few  Canadian  voyageurs,  with  their  wives  and  children.  The  soldiers 
and  ]\Ir.  Kinzie  were  on  most  friendly  terms  with  the  Pottawattamies 
and  Winnebagos,  the  principal  tribes  around  them,  but  they  could  not 
win  them  from  their  attachment  to  the  British. 

One  evening  in  April,  1812,  Mr.  Kinzie  sat  playing  on  his  violin  and 
his  children  were  dancing  to  the  music,  when  Mrs.  Kinzie  came  rushing 
into  the  house,  pale  with  terror,  and  exclaiming:  "The  Indians!  the 
Indians!"  "What?  Where?"  eagerly  inquired  Mr.  Kinzie.  "Up 
at  Lee's,  killing  and  scalping,"  answered  the  frightened  mother,  who, 
when  the  alarm  was  given,  was  attending  ]\Irs.  Barnes  (just  confined) 
Uving  not  far  off.  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family  crossed  the  river  and  took 
refuge  in  the  fort,  to  which  place  Mrs.  Barnes  and  her  infant  not  a  day 
old  were  safely  conveyed.  The  rest  of  the  inhabitants  took  shelter  in  the 
fort.  This  alarm  was  caused  by  a  scalping  party  of  Winnebagos,  who 
hovered  about  the  fort  several  days,  when  they  disappeared,  and  for  several 
weeks  the  inhabitants  were  undisturbed. 

On  the  Tth  of  August,  1812,  General  Hull,  at  Detroit,  sent  orders  to 
Captain  Heald  to  evacuate  Fort  Dearborn,  and  to  distribute  all  the  United 
States  property  to  the  Indians  in  the  neighborhood — a  most  insane  order. 
The  Pottawattamie  chief,  who  brought  the  dispatch,  had  more  wisdom 
than  the  commanding  general.  He  advised  Captain  Heald  not  to  make 
the  distribution.  Said  he  :  "  Leave  the  fort  and  stores  as  they  are,  and 
let  the  Indians  make  distribution  for  themselves ;  and  while  they  are 
engaged  in  the  business,  the  white  people  may  escape  to  Fort  Wayne." 


HISTORY   OF  THE  STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  143 

Captain  Heald  held  a  council  with  the  Indians  on  the  afternoon  of 
the  12th,  in  which  his  officers  refused  to  join,  for  they  had  been  informed 
that  treachery  was  designed — ^that  the  Indians  intended  to  murder  the 
white  people  in  the  council,  and  then  destroy  those  in  the  fort.  Captain 
Heald,  however,  took  the  precaution  to  open  a  port-hole  displaying  a 
cannon  pointing  directly  upon  the  council,  and  by  that  means  saved 
his  life. 

Mr.  Kinzie,  who  knew  the  Indians  well,  begged  Captain  Heald  not 
to  confide  in  their  promises,  nor  distribute  the  arras  and  munitions  among 
them,  for  it  would  only  put  power  into  their  hands  to  destroy  the  whites. 
Acting  upon  this  advice,  Heald  resolved  to  withhold  the  munitions  of 
war ;  and  on  the  night  of  the  13th,  after  the  distribution  of  the  other 
property  had  been  made,  the  powder,  ball  and  liquors  were  thrown  into 
the  river,  the  muskets  broken  up  and  destroyed. 

Black  Partridge,  a  friendly  chief,  came  to  Captain  Heald,  and  said : 
"  Linden  birds  have  been  singing  in  my  ears  to-day:  be  careful  on  the 
march  you  are  going  to  take."  On  that  dark  night  vigilant  Indians  had 
crept  near  the  fort  and  discovered  the  destruction  of  their  promised  booty 
going  on  within.  The  next  morning  the  powder  was  seen  floating  on  the 
surface  of  the  river.  The  savages  were  exasperated  and  made  loud  com- 
plaints and  threats. 

On  the  following  day  when  preparations  were  making  to  leave  the 
fort,  and  all  the  inmates  were  deeply  impressed  with  a  sense  of  impend- 
ing danger,  Capt.  Wells,  an  uncle  of  Mrs.  Heald,  was  discovered  upon 
the  Indian  trail  among  the  sand-hills  on  the  borders  of  the  lake,  not  far 
distant,  with  a  band  of  mounted  Miamis,  of  whose  tribe  he  was  chief, 
having  been  adopted  by  the  famous  Miami  warrior.  Little  Turtle.  When 
news  of  Hull's  surrender  reached  Fort  Wayne,  he  had  started  with  this 
force  to  assist  Heald  in  defending  Fort  Dearborn.  He  was  too  late. 
Every  means  for  its  defense  had  been  destroyed  the  night  before,  and 
arrangements  were  made  for  leaving  the  fort  on  the  morning  of  the  15th. 

It  was  a  warm  bright  morning  in  the  middle  of  August.  Indications 
were  positive  that  the  savages  intended  to  murder  the  white  people ;  and 
when  they  moved  out  of  the  .southern  gate  of  the  fort,  the  march  was 
like  a  funeral  procession.  The  band,  feeling  the  solemnity  of  the  occa- 
sion, struck  up  the  Dead  March  in  Saul. 

Capt.  Wells,  who  had  blackened  his  face  with  gun-powder  in  token 
of  his  fate,  took  the  lead  with  his  band  of  Miamis,  followed  by  Capt. 
Heald,  with  his  wife  by  his  side  on  horseback.  Mr.  Kinzie  hoped  by  his 
personal  influence  to  avert  the  impending  blow,  and  therefore  accompanied 
them,  leaving  his  family  in  a  boat  in  charge  of  a  friendly  Indian,  to  be 
taken  to  his  trading  station  at  the  site  of  Niles,  Michigan,  in  the  event  ot 
his  death. 


144 


HISTORY   OF  TELE   STATE   OP  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  145 

The  procession  moved  slowly  along  the  lake  shore  till  they  reached 
the  sand-hills  between  the  prairie  and  the  beach,  when  the  Pottawattamie 
escort,  under  the  leadership  of  Blackbird,  filed  to  the  right,  placing  those 
hills  between  them  and  the  white  people.  Wells,  with  his  Miamis,  had 
kept  in  the  advance.  They  suddenly  came  rushing  back.  Wells  exclaim- 
ing, "  They  are  about  to  attack  us ;  form  instantly."  These  words  were 
quickly  followed  by  a  storm  of  bullets,  which  came  whistling  over  the 
little  hills  which  the  treacherous  savages  had  made  the  covert  for  their 
murderous  attack.  The  white  troops  charged  upon  the  Indians,  drove 
them  back  to  the  prairie,  and  then  the  battle  was  waged  between  fifty- 
four  soldiers,  twelve  civilians  and  three  or  four  women  (the  cowardly 
Miamis  having  fled  at  the  outset)  against  five  hundred  Indian  warriors. 
The  white  people,  hopeless,  resolved  to  sell  their  lives  as  dearly  as  possible. 
Ensign  Ronan  wielded  his  weapon  vigorously,  even  after  falling  upon  his 
knees  weak  from  the  loss  of  blood.  Capt.  Wells,  who  was  by  the  side  of 
his  niece,  Mrs.  Heald,  when  the  conflict  began,  behaved  with  the  greatest 
coolness  and  courage.  He  said  to  her,  "  We  have  not  the  slightest  chance 
for  life.  We  must  part  to  meet  no  more  in  this  world.  God  bless  you." 
And  then  he  dashed  forward.  Seeing  a  young  warrior,  painted  like  a 
demon,  climb  into  a  wagon  in  which  were  twelve  children,  and  tomahawk 
them  all,  he  cried  out,  unmindful  of  his  personal  danger,  "  If  that  is  your 
game,  butchering  women  and  children,  I  will  kill  too."  He  spurred  his 
horse  towards  the  Indian  camp,  where  they  had  left  their  squaws  and 
papooses,  hotly  pursued  by  swift-footed  young  warriors,  who  sent  bullets 
whistling  after  him.  One  of  these  killed  his  horse  and  wounded  him 
severely  in  the  leg.  With  a  yell  the  young  braves  rushed  to  make  him 
their  prisoner  and  reserve  him  for  torture.  He  resolved  not  to  be  made 
a  captive,  and  by  the  use  of  the  most  provoking  epithets  tried  to  induce 
them  to  kill  him  instantly.  He  called  a  fiery  young  chief  a  squmv,  when 
the  enraged  warrior  killed  Wells  instantly  with  his  tomahawk,  jumped 
upon  his  body,  cut  out  his  heart,  and  ate  a  portion  of  the  warm  morsel 
with  savage  delight ! 

In  this  fearful  combat  women  bore  a  conspicuous  part.  Mrs.  Heald 
was  an  excellent  equestrian  and  an  expert  in  the  use  of  the  rifle.  She 
fought  the  savages  bravely,  receiving  several  severe  wounds.  Though 
faint  from  the  loss  of  blood,  she  managed  to  keep  her  saddle.  A  savage 
raised  his  tomahawk  to  kill  her,  when  she  looked  him  full  in  the  face, 
and  with  a  sweet  smile  and  in  a  gentle  voice  said,  in  his  own  language, 
"  Surely  you  will  not  kill  a  squaw !  "  The  arm  of  the  savage  fell,  and 
the  life  of  the  heroic  woman  was  saved. 

Mrs.  Helm,  the  step-daughter  of  Mr.  Kinzie,  had  an  encounter  with 
a  stout  Indian,  who  attempted  to  tomahawk  her.  Springing  to  one  side, 
she  received  the  glancing  blow  on  her  shoulder,  and  at  the  same  instant 


146  HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS. 

seized  the  savage  round  the  neck  with  her  arms  and  endeavored  to  get 
hold  of  his  scalping  knife,  which  hung  in  a  sheath  at  his  breast.  While 
she  was  thus  struggling  she  was  dragged  from  her  antagonist  by  anothei 
powerful  Indian,  who  bore  her,  in  spite  of  her  struggles,  to  the  margin 
of  the  lake  and  plunged  her  in.  To  her  astonishment  she  was  held  by 
him  so  that  she  would  not  drown,  and  she  soon  perceived  that  she  was 
in  the  hands  of  the  friendly  Black  Partridge,  who  had  saved  her  life. 

The  wife  of  Sergeant  Holt,  a  large  and  powerful  woman,  behaved  as 
bravely  as  an  Amazon.  She  rode  a  fine,  high-spirited  horse,  which  the 
Indians  coveted,  and  several  of  them  attacked  her  with  the  butts  of  their 
guns,  for  the  purpose  of  dismounting  her ;  but  she  used  the  sword  which 
she  had  snatched  from  her  disabled  husband  so  skillfully  that  she  foiled 
them ;  and,  suddenly  wheeling  her  horse,  she  dashed  over  the  prairie, 
followed  by  the  savages  shouting,  "  The  brave  woman  !  the  brave  woman  ! 
Don't  hurt  her  !  "  They  finally  overtook  her,  and  while  she  was  fighting 
them  in  front,  a  powerful  savage  came  up  behind  her,  seized  her  by  the 
neck  and  dragged  her  to  the  ground.  Horse  and  woman  were  made 
captives.  Mrs.  Holt  was  a  long  time  a  captive  among  the  Indians,  but 
was  afterwards  ransomed. 

In  this  sharp  conflict  two-thirds  of  the  white  people  were  slain  and 
wounded,  and  all  their  horses,  baggage  and  provision  were  lost.  Only 
twenty-eight  straggling  men  now  remained  to  fight  five  hundred  Indians 
rendered  furious  b}^  the  sight  of  blood.  They  succeeded  in  breaking 
through  the  ranks  of  the  murderers  and  gaining  a  slight  eminence  on  the 
prairie  near  the  Oak  Woods.  The  Indians  did  not  pursue,  but  gathered 
on  their  flanks,  while  the  chiefs  held  a  consultation  on  the  sand-hills,  and 
showed  signs  of  willingness  to  parley.  It  would  have  been  madness  on 
the  part  of  the  whites  to  renew  the  fight ;  and  so  Capt.  Heald  went  for- 
ward and  met  Blackbird  on  the  open  prairie,  where  terms  of  surrender 
were  soon  agreed  upon.  It  was  arranged  that  the  white  people  should 
give  up  their  arms  to  Blackbird,  and  that  the  survivors  should  become 
prisoners  of  war,  to  be  exchanged  for  ransoms  as  soon  as  practicable. 
With  this  understanding  captives  and  captors  started  for  the  Indian 
camp  near  the  fort,  to  which  Mrs.  Helm  had  been  taken  bleeding  and 
suffering  by  Black  Partridge,  and  had  met  her  step-father  and  learned 
that  her  husband  was  safe. 

A  new  scene  of  horror  was  now  opened  at  the  Indian  camp.  The 
wounded,  not  being  included  in  the  terms  of  surrender,  as  it  was  inter- 
preted by  the  Indians,  and  the  British  general.  Proctor,  having  offered  a 
liberal  bounty  for  American  scalps,  delivered  at  Maiden,  nearly  all  the 
wounded  men  were  killed  and  scalped,  and  the  price  of  the  trophies  was 
afterwards  paid  by  the  British  government. 


^I^ii-m  Htk^t^itr^^^ 


"mp^ 


Thatcher  Blake  Esq. 

ROCKFORD  ILL 


i 


■  \' 


HISTlpRY    OF   THE    STATE    OF    ILLINOIS. 


149 


SHABBONA. 

This  celebrated  Indian  chief,  whose  portrait  appears  in  this  work, 
deserves  more  than  a  passing  notice.  Although  Shabbona  was  not  so  con- 
spicuous as  Tecumseh  or  Black  Hawk,  yet  in  point  of  merit  he  was 
superior  to  either  of  them. 

Shabbona  was  born  at  an  Indian  village  on  the  Kankakee  River,  now 
in  Will  County,  about  the  year  1775.  While  young  he  was  made  chief  of 
the  band,  and  went  to  Shabbona  Grove,  now  DeKalb  County,  where  they 
were  found  in  the  early  settlement  of  the  county. 

In  the  war  of  1812  Shabbona  with  his  warriors  joined  Tecumseh,  was 


150  HISTORY    OF    THE    STATE    OF    ILLINOIS. 

aid  to  that  great  chief,  and  stood  by  his  side  when  he  fell  at  the  battle  of 
the  Thames.  At  the  time  of  the  Winnebago  war,  in  1827,  he  visited  almost 
every  village  among  the  Pottawatomies,  and  by  his  persuasive  arguments 
prevented  them  from  taking  part  in  the  war.  By  request  of  the  citizens 
of  Chicago,  Shabbona,  accompanied  by  Billy  Caldwell  (Sauganasli),  visited 
Big  Foot's  village  at  Geneva  Lake,  in  order  to  pacify  the  warriors,  as  fears 
were  entertained  that  they  were  about  to  raise  the  tomahawk  against  the 
whites.  Here  Shabbona  was  taken  prisoner  by  Big  Foot,  and  his  life 
threatened,  but  on  the  following  day  was  set  at  liberty.  From  that  time 
the  Indians  (through  reproach)  styled  him  "  the  white  man's  friend," 
and  many  times  his  life  was  endangered. 

Before  the  Black  Hawk  war,  Shabbona  met  in  council  at  two  differ- 
ent times,  and  by  his  influence  prevented  his  people  from  taking  part  with 
the  Sacs  and  Foxes.  After  the  death  of  Black  Partridge  and  Senachwine, 
no  chief  among  the  Pottawatomies  exerted  so  much  influence  as  Shabbona. 
Black  Hawk,  aware  of  this  influence,  visited  him  at  two  different  times,  in 
order  to  enlist  him  in  his  cause,  but  was  unsuccessful.  While  Black  Hawk 
was  a  prisoner  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  he  said,  had  it  not  been  for  Shabbona 
the  whole  Pottawatomie  nation  would  have  joined  his  standard,  and  he 
could  have  continued  the  war  for  years. 

To  Shabbona  many  of  the  early  settlers  of  Illinois  owe  the  pres- 
ervation of  their  lives,  for  it  is  a  well-known  fact,  had  he  not  notified  the 
people  of  their  danger,  a  large  portion  of  them  would  have  fallen  victims 
to  the  tomahawk  of  savages.  By  saving  the  lives  of  whites  he  endangered 
his  own,  for  the  Sacs  and  Foxes  threatened  to  kill  him,  and  made  two 
attempts  to  execute  their  threats.  They  killed  Pypeogee,  his  son,  and 
Pyps,  his  nephew,  and  hunted  him  down  as  though  he  was  a  wild  beast. 

Shabbona  had  a  reservation  of  two  sections  of  land  at  his  Grove,  but 
by  leaving  it  and  going  west  for  a  short  time,  the  Government  declared 
the  reservation  forfeited,  and  sold  it  the  same  as  other  vacant  land.  On 
Shabbona's  return,  and  finding  his  possessions  gone,  he  was  very  sad  and 
broken  down  in  spirit,  and  left  the  Grove  for  ever.  The  citizens  of  Ottawa 
raised  money  and  bought  him  a  tract  of  land  on  the  Illinois  River,  above 
Seneca,  in  Grundy  County,  on  which  they  built  a  house,  and  supplied 
him  with  means  to  live  on.  He  lived  here  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
on  the  17th  of  July,  1859,  in  the  eighty-fourth  year  of  his  age,  and  was 
buried  with  great  pomp  in  the  cemetery  at  Morris.  His  squaw,  Pokanoka, 
was  drowned  in  Mazen  Creek,  Grundy  County,  on  the  oOth  of  November, 
1864,  and  was  buried  by  his  side. 

In  1861  subscriptions  were  taken  up  in  many  of  the  river  towns,  to 
erect  a  monument  over  the  remains  of  Shabbona,  but  the  war  breaking 
out,  the  enterprise  was  abandoned.  Only  a  plain  marble  slab  marks  the 
resting-place  of  this  friend  of  the  white  man. 


Abstract  of    Illinois    State  Laws. 


BILLS  OF  EXCHANGE  AND  PROMISSORY  NOTES. 

No  promissory  note^  check,  draft,  bill  of  exchange,  order,  or  note,  negO' 
tiahle  insfrumeyit  payable  at  sight,  or  on  demand,  or  on  presentment,  shall 
be  entitled  to  dags  of  grace.  All  other  bills  of  exchange,  drafts  or  notes  are 
entitled  to  three  days  of  grace.  All  the  above  mentioned  paper  falling 
due  on  Sunday,  JVew  Years^  Dciy-:  the  Fourth  of  July,  Christmas,  or  any 
day  appointed  or  recommended  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  or 
the  Governor  of  the  State  as  a  day  of  fast  or  thanksgiving,  shall  be  deemed 
as  due  on  the  day  previous,  and  should  two  or  more  of  these  days  come 
together,  then  such  instrument  shall  be  treated  as  due  on  the  d^ay  previous 
to  the  first  of  said  days.  No  defense  can  be  made  against  a  negotiable 
instrument  (assigned  before  due')  in  the  hands  of  the  assignee  without 
notice,  except  fraud  was  used  in  obtaining  the  same.  To  hold  an  indorser, 
due  diligence  must  be  used  by  suit,  in  collecting  of  the  maker,  unless  suit 
Avould  have  been  unavailing.  Notes  payable  to  person  named  or  to  order, 
in  order  to  absolutely  transfer  title,  must  be  indorsed  by  the  payee.  Notes 
payable  to  bearer  may  be  transferred  by  delivery,  and  when  so  payable 
every  indorser  thereon  is  held  as  a  guarantor  of  payment  unless  otherwise 
expressed. 

In  computing  interest  or  discount  on  negotiable  instruments,  a  month 
shall  be  considered  a  calendar  month  or  tivelfth  of  a  year,  and  for  less 
than  a  month,  a  day  shall  be  figured  a  thirtieth  part  of  a  month.  Notes 
only  bear  interest  when  so  expressed,  but  after  due  they  draw  the  legal 
interest,  even  if  not  stated. 

INTEREST. 

The  legal  rate  of  interest  is  six  per  cent.  Parties  may  agree  in  writ- 
ing on  a  rate  not  exceeding  ten  per  cent.  If  a  rate  of  interest  greater 
than  ten  per  cent,  is  contracted  for,  it  works  a  forfeiture  of  the  whole  of 
said  interest,  and  only  the  principal  can  be  recovered. 

DESCENT. 

When  no  will  is  made,  the  property  of  a  deceased  person  is  distrib- 
uted as  follows : 


152  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

First.  To  his  or  her  children  and  their  descendants  in  equal  parts  ; 
the  descendants  of  the  deceased  child  or  grandchild  taking  the  share  of 
their  deceased  parents  in  equal  parts  among  them. 

Second.  Where  there  is  no  child,  nor  descendant  of  such  child,  and 
no  widow  or  surviving  husband,  then  to  the  parents,  brothers  and  sisters 
of  the  deceased,  and  their  descendants,  in  equal  parts,  the  surviving 
parent,  if  either  be  dead,  taking  a  double  portion  ;  and  if  there  is  no 
parent  living,  then  to  the  brothers  and  sisters  of  the  intestate  and  their 
descendants. 

Third.  When  there  is  a  undoiv  or  surviving  husband,  and  no  child  or 
children.,  or  descendants  of  the  same,  then  one-half  of  the  real  estate  and 
the  whole  of  the  personal  estate  shall  descend  to  such  widow  or  surviving 
husband,  absolutely,  and  the  other  half  of  the  real  estate  shall  descend  as 
in  other  cases  where  there  is  no  child  or  children  or  descendants  of  the 
same. 

Fourth.  When  there  is  a  widow  or  surviving  husband  and  also  a  child 
or  children,  or  descendants  of  the  latter,  then  one  third  of  all  the  personal 
estate  to  the  widow  or  surviving  husband  absolutely. 

Fifth.  If  there  is  no  child,  parent,  brother  or  sister,  or  descendants  of 
either  of  them,  and  no  widow  or  surviving  husband,  then  in  equal  parts 
to  the  next  of  kin  to  the  intestate  in  equal  degree.  Collaterals  shall  not 
be  represented  except  with  the  descendants  of  brothers  and  sisters  of  the 
intestate,  and  there  shall  be  no  distinction  between  kindred  of  the  ivhole 
and  the  half  blood. 

Sixth.  If  any  intestate  leaves  a  widow  or  surviving  husband  and  no 
kindred,  then  to  such  ividow  or  surviving  husband  ;  and  if  there  is  no  such 
widow  or  surviving  husband,  it  shall  escheat  to  and  vest  in  the  county 
where  the  same,  or  the  greater  portion  thereof,  is  situated. 

WILLS  AND  ESTATES  OF  DECEASED  PERSONS. 

No  exact  form  of  words  are  necessary  in  order  to  make  a  will  good  at 
law.  Every  male  person  of  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  Qverj  female 
of  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  of  sound  mind  and  memory,  can  make  a  valid 
will ;  it  must  be  in  ivriting,  signed  by  the  testator  or  by  some  one  in  his 
or  her  presence  and  by  his  or  her  direction,  and  attested  by  two  or  more 
credible  witnesses.  Care  should  be  taken  that  the  witriesses  are  not  inter- 
ested in  the  will.  Persons  knoiving  themselves  to  have  been  named  in  the 
will  or  appointed  executor,  must  within  thirty  days  of  the  death  of 
deceased  cause  the  will  to  be  proved  and  recorded  in  the  proper  county, 
or  present  it,  and  refuse  to  accept ;  on  failure  to  do  so  are  liable  to  forfeit 
the  sum  of  twenty  dollars  per  month.  Inventory  to  be  made  by  executor 
or  administrator  within  three  months  from  date  of  letters  testamentary  or 


ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  153 

of  administration.  Executors'  and  administrators'  compensation  not  te 
exceed  six  per  cent,  on  amount  of  personal  estate,  and  three  per  cent. 
on  money  realized  from  real  estate,  with  such  additional  allowance  as? 
shall  be  reasonable  for  extra  services.  Appraisers'  comperisation  $2  pei 
day. 

Notice  requiring  all  claims  to  be  presented  against  the  estate  shall  Ik' 
given  by  the  executor  or  administrator  within  six  months  of  being  quali' 
fied.  Any  person  having  a  claim  and  not  presenting  it  at  the  time  fixed 
by  said  notice  is  required  to  have  summons  issued  notifying  the  executor 
or  administrator  of  his  having  filed  his  claim  in  court ;  in  such  cases  the 
costs  have  to  be  paid  by  the  claimant.  Claims  should  be  filed  within  two 
gears  from  the  time  administration  is  granted  on  an  estate,  as  after  that 
time  they  nve  forever  barred,  unless  other  estate  is  found  that  was  not  in- 
ventoried. Married  ivomen,  infants,  per 8o?is  insane,  imprisoned  or  without 
the  United  States,  in  the  employment  of  the  United  States,  or  of  this 
State,  have  two  gears  after  their  disabilities  are  removed  to  file  claims. 

Claims  are  classified  and  paid  out  of  the  estate  in  the  following  manner: 

First.     Funeral  expenses. 

iSecotid.  The  widow's  award,  if  there  is  a  widow  ;  or  children  if  there 
are  children,  and  no  widoiv. 

Third.  Expenses  attending  the  last  illness,  not  including  physician's 
bill. 

Fourth.     Debts  due  the  common  school  or  township  fund. 

Fifth.  All  expenses  of  proving  the  will  and  taking  out  letters  testa- 
mentary or  administration,  and  settlement  of  the  estate,  and  the  phgsi- 
cian's  bill  in  the  last  illness  of  deceased. 

Sixth.  Where  the  deceased  has  received  moneg  m  trust  for  any  pur- 
pose, his  executor  or  administrator  shall  pay  out  ot"  his  estate  the  amount 
received  and  not  accounted  for. 

Seventh.  All  other  debts  and  demands  of  whatsoever  kind,  without 
regard  to  qualitg  or  dignitg,  which  shall  be  exhibited  to  the  court  within 
two  gears  from  the  granting  of  letters. 

Award  to  Widow  and  Children,  exclusive  of  debts  and  legacies  or  be- 
quests, except  funeral  expenses : 

First.  The  familg  pictures  and  wearing  apparel,  jewels  and  ornaments 
of  herself  and  minor  children. 

Second.     School  books  and  the  familg  librarg  of  the  value  of  $100. 

Third.      One  sewirig  machine. 

Fourth.     Necessarg  beds,  bedsteads  and  bedding  for  herself  and  family. 

Fifth.  The  stoves  and  pipe  used  in  the  family,  with  the  necessary 
rooking  utensils,  or  in  case  they  have  none,  $50  in  money. 

Sixth.     Household  and  kitchen  furniture  to  the  value  of  $100. 

Seventh.      One  milch  cow  and  calf  for  every  four  members  of  her  family. 


154  ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

MgTitJi.  Two  sheep  for  each  member  of  her  family,  aud  the  fleeces 
taken  from  the  same,  and  one  horse,  saddle  and  bridle. 

Ninth.     Provisions  for  herself  and  family  for  one  year. 

Tenth.     Food  for  the  stock  above  specified  for  six  months. 

Eleventh.     Fuel  for  herself  and  family  for  three  months. 

Twelfth.  One  hundred  dollars  worth  of  other  property  suited  to  her 
condition  in  life,  to  be  selected  by  the  widow. 

The  widow  if  she  elects  may  have  in  lieu  of  the  said  award,  the  same 
personal  property  or  money  in  place  thereof  as  is  or  may  be  exempt  from 
execution  or  attachment  against  the  head  of  a  family. 

TAXES. 

The  owners  of  real  and  personal  property,  on  the  first  day  of  May  in 
each  year,  are  liable  for  the  taxes  thereon. 

Assessments  should  be  completed  before  the  fourth  Monday  in  June, 
at  which  time  the  town  board  of  review  meets  to  examine  assessments, 
hear  objections,  and  make  such  changes  as  ought  to  be  made.  The  county 
board  have  also  power  to  correct  or  change  assessments. 

The  tax  books  are  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  town  collector  on  or 
before  the  tenth  day  of  December,  who  retains  them  until  the  tenth  day 
of  March  following,  when  he  is  required  to  return  them  to  the  county 
treasurer,  who  then  collects  all  delinquent  taxes. 

No  costs  accrue  on  real  estate  taxes  till  advertised,  which  takes  place 
the  first  day  of  April,  when  three  weeks'  notice  is  required  before  judg- 
ment. Cost  of  advertising,  twenty  cents  each  tract  of  land,  and  ten  cents 
each  lot. 

Judgment  is  usually  obtained  at  May  term  of  County  Court.  Costs 
six  cents  each  tract  of  land,  and  five  cents  each  lot.  Sale  takes  place  in 
June.  Costs  in  addition  to  those  before  mentioned,  twenty-eight  cents 
each  tract  of  land,  and  twenty-seven  cents  each  town  lot. 

Real  estate  sold  for  taxes  may  be  redeemed  any  time  before  the  expi- 
ration of  two  years  from  the  date  of  sale,  by  payment  to  the  County  Clerk 
of  the  amount  for  which  it  was  sold  and  twenty-five  per  cent,  thereon  if 
redeemed  within  six  months,  fifty  per  cent,  if  between  six  and  twelve 
months,  if  between  twelve  and  eighteen  months  seventy-five  per  cent., 
and  if  between  eighteen  months  and  two  years  one  hundred  per  cent., 
and  in  addition,  all  subsequent  taxes  paid  by  the  purchaser,  with  ten  per 
cent,  interest  thereon,  also  one  dollar  each  tract  if  notice  is  given  by  the 
purchaser  of  the  sale,  and  a  fee  of  twenty-five  cents  to  the  clerk  for  his 
certificate. 

JURISDICTION  OF  COURTS. 

Justices  have  jurisdiction  in  all  civil  cases  on  contracts  iov  the  recovery 
of  moneys  for  damages  for  injury  to  real  projperty,  or  taking,  detaining,  or 


ABSTRACT   OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  155 

injuring  personal  property  ;  for  rent;  for  all  cases  to  recover  damages  done 
real  or  personal  property  by  railroad  companies,  in  actions  of  replevin^  and 
in  actions  for  damages  for  fraud  in  the  sale^  purchase,  or  exchange  of  per- 
sonal property,  when  the  amonnt  claimed  as  due  is  not  over  $200.  They 
have  also  jurisdiction  in  all  cases  for  violation  of  the  ordinances  of  cities, 
toivns  or  villages.  A  justice  of  the  peace  may  orally  order  an  officer  or  a 
private  person  to  arrest  any  one  committing  or  attempting  to  commit  a 
criminal  offense.  He  also  upon  complaint  can  issue  his  warrant  for  the 
arrest  of  any  person  accused  of  having  committed  a  crime,  and  have  him 
brought  before  him  for  examination. 

COUNTY  COURTS 
Have  jurisdiction  in  all  matters  of  probate  (except  in  counties  having  a 
population  of  one  hundred  thousand  or  over),  settlement  of  estates  of 
deceased  persons,  appointment  of  guardians  and  co7iservators,  and  settle- 
ment of  their  accounts ;  all  matters  relating  to  apprentices  ;  proceedings 
for  the  collection  of  taxes  and  assessments,  and  in  proceedings  of  executors, 
administrators,  guardians  and  conservators  for  the  sale  of  real  estate.  In 
laiv  cases  they  have  concurrent  jurisdiction  with  Circuit  Courts  in  all 
cases  where  justices  of  the  peace  now  have,  or  hereafter  may  have, 
jurisdiction  when  the  amount  claimed  shall  not  exceed  $1,000,  and  in  all 
criminal  offenses  where  the  punishment  is  not  imprisonment  in  the  peni- 
tentiary, or  death,  and  in  all  cases  of  appeals  from  justices  of  the  peace 
and  police  magistrates ;  excepting  when  the  county  judge  is  sitting  as  a 
justice  of  the  peace.     Circuit  Courts  have  unlimited  jurisdiction. 

LIMITATION  OF  ACTION. 

Accounts  five  years.  Notes  and  written  contracts  ten  years.  Judg- 
ments twenty  years.  Partial  payments  or  new  promise  in  writing,  within 
or  after  said  period,  will  revive  the  debt.  Absence  from  the  State  deducted, 
and  when  the  cause  of  action  is  barred  by  the  law  of  another  State,  it  has 
the  same  effect  here.  Slander  and  libel,  one  year.  Personal  injuries,  two 
years.  To  recover  land  or  make  entry  thereon,  twenty  years.  Action  to 
foreclose  mortgage  or  trust  deed,  or  make  a  sale,  within  ten  years. 

All  persons  in  possession  of  land,  and  paying  taxes  for  seven  consecu- 
tive years,  with  color  of  title,  and  all  persons  paying  taxes  for  seven  con- 
secutive years,  with  color  of  title,  on  vacant  land,  shall  be  held  to  be  the 
legal  owners  to  the  extent  of  their  paper  title. 

MARRIED  WOMEN 

May  sue  and  be  sued.  Husband  and  wife  not  liable  for  each  other^s  debts, 
either  before  or  after  marriage,  but  both  are  liable  for  expenses  and  edu- 
cation of  the  family. 

4 


156  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

She  may  contract  the  same  as  if  unmarried^  except  that  in  a  partner- 
ship business  she  can  not,  without  consent  of  her  husband,  unless  he  has 
abandoned  or  deserted  her,  or  is  idiotic  or  insane,  or  confined  in  peniten- 
tiary ;  she  is  entitled  and  can  recover  her  own  earnings,  but  neither  hus- 
band nor  wife  is  entitled  to  compensation  for  any  services  rendered  for  the 
other.  At  the  death  of  the  husband,  in  addition  to  widow's  award,  a 
married  woman  has  a  dower  interest  (one-third)  in  all  real  estate  owned 
by  her  husband  after  their  marriage,  and  which  has  not  been  released  by 
her,  and  the  husband  has  the  same  interest  in  the  real  estate  of  the  wife 
at  her  death. 

EXEMPTIONS  FROM  FORCED  SALE. 

Home  worth  $1,000,  and  the  following  Personal  Property :  Lot  of  ground 
and  buildings  thereon,  occupied  as  a  residence  by  the  debtor,  being  a  house- 
holder and  having  a  family,  to  the  value  of  $1,000.  Exeinption  continues 
after  the  death  of  the  householder  for  the  benefit  of  widow  and  family,  some 
one  of  them  occupying  the  homestead  until  youngest  child  shall  become 
twenty-one  years  of  age,  and  until  death  of  widoiv.  There  is  no  exetnption 
from  sale  for  taxes,  assessments,  debt  or  liability  incurred  for  the  purchase 
or  improvement  of  said  homestead.  No  release  or  waiver  of  exemption  is 
valid,  unless  in  writing,  and  subscribed  by  such  householder  and  wife  (if 
he  have  one),  and  acknowledged  as  conveyances  of  real  estate  are  required 
to  be  acknowledged.  The  following  articles  of  personal  property  owned 
by  the  debtor,  are  exempt  from  execution,  ivrit  of  attachment,  and  distress 
for  rent :  The  necessary  wearing  apparel.  Bibles,  school  books  and  famil}'- 
pictures  of  every  person  ;  and,  2d,  one  hundred  dollars  worth  of  other 
property  to  be  selected  by  the  debtor,  and,  in  addition,  when  the  debtor 
is  the  head  of  a  family  and  j-esides  with  the  same,  three  hundred  dollars 
worth  of  other  property  to  be  selected  by  the  debtor ;  provided  that  such 
selection  and  exemption  shall  not  be  made  by  the  debtor  or  allowed  to 
him  or  her  from  any  money,  salary  or  wages  due  him  or  her  from  any 
person  or  persons  or  corporations  whatever. 

When  the  head  of  a  family  shall  die,  desert  or  not  reside  with  the 
same,  the  family  shall  be  entitled  to  and  receive  all  the  benefit  and  priv- 
ileges which  are  by  this  act  conferred  upon  the  head  of  a  family  residing 
with  the  same.  No  personal  property  is  exempt  from  execution  when 
judgment  is  obtained  for  the  wages  of  laborers  or  servants.  Wages  of  a 
laborer  who  is  the  head  of  a  family  can  not  be  garnisheed,  except  the  sum 
due  him  be  in  excess  of  $25. 


ABSTKACT    OF    ILLINOIS    STATE    LAWS.  157 

DEEDS  AND  MORTGAGES. 

To  be  valid  there  must  he  a  valid  consideration.  Special  care  should 
be  taken  to  have  them  signed,  sealed,  delivered,  and  properly  acknowl- 
edged, with  the  proper  seal  attached.  Witnesses  are  not  required.  The 
acknowledgement  must  be  made  in  this  state,  before  Master  in  Chancery, 
Notary  Public,  United  States  Commissioner,  Circuit  or  County  Clerk,  Justice 
of  Peace,  or  any  Court  of  Record  having  a  seal,  or  any  'Judge,  Justice,  or 
Clerk  of  any  such  Court.  When  taken  before  a  Notary  Public,  or  United 
States  Commissioner,  the  same  shall  be  attested  by  his  official  seal,  when 
taken  before  a  Court  or  the  Clerk  thereof,  the  same  shall  be  attested  by 
the  seal  of  such  Court,  and  when  taken  before  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  resid- 
ing out  of  the  county  where  the  real  estate  to  be  conveyed  lies,  there  shall 
be  added  a  certificate  of  the  County  Clerk  under  his  seal  of  office,  that  he 
was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  county  at  the  time  of  taking  the  same. 
A  deed  is  good  without  such  certificate  attached,  but  can  not  be  used  in 
evidence  unless  such  a  certificate  is  produced  or  other  competent  evidence 
introduced.  Acknowledgements  made  out  of  the  state  must  either  be 
executed  according  to  the  laws  of  this  state,  or  there  should  be  attached 
a  certificate  that  it  is  in  conformity  with  the  laws  of  the  state  or  country 
where  executed.  Where  this  is  not  done  the  same  may  be  proved  by  any 
other  legal  way.  Acknowledgments  where  the  Homestead  rights  are  to 
be  waived  must  state  as  follows  :  "  Including  the  release  and  waiver  of 
the  right  of  homestead." 

Notaries  Public  can  take  acknowledgements  any  where  in  the  state. 

Sheriffs,  if  authorized  by  the  mortgagor  of  real  or  personal  property 
in  his  mortgage,  may  sell  the  property  mortgaged. 

In  the  case  of  the  death  of  grantor  or  holder  of  the  equity  of  redemp- 
tion of  real  estate  mortgaged,  or  conveyed  by  deed  of  trust  where  equity 
of  redemption  is  waived,  and  it  contains  power  of  sale,  must  be  foreclosed 
in  the  same  manner  as  a  common  mortgage  in  court. 

ESTRAYS. 

Horses,  mules,  asses,  neat  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  or  goats  found  straying 
at  any  time  during  the  year,  in  counties  where  such  animals  are  not  allowed 
to  run  at  large,  or  between  the  last  day  of  October  and  the  15th  day  of 
April  in  other  counties,  the  owner  thereof  being  unknown,  may  be  taken  up 
as  estrays. 

No  person  not  a  householder  in  the  county  where  estray  is  found  can 
lawfully  take  up  an  estray,  and  then  only  upon  or  about  his  farin  or  place 
of  residence.  Estrays  should  not  be  used  before  advertised,  except  animals 
giving  milk,  which  may  be  milked  for  their  benefit. 


158  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

Notices  must  be  posted  up  within  five  (5)  days  in  three  (3)  of  the 
most  public  places  in  the  town  or  precinct  in  which  estray  was  found,  giv- 
ing the  residence  of  the  taker  up,  and  a  particular  description  of  the 
estray,  its  age,  color,  and  marks  natural  and  artificial,  and  stating  before 
what  justice  of  the  peace  in  such  town  or  precinct,  and  at  what  time,  not 
less  than  ten  (10)  nor  more  than  fifteen  (15)  days  from  the  time  of  post- 
ing such  notices,  he  will  apply  to  have  the  estray  appraised. 

A  copy  of  such  notice  should  be  filed  by  the  taker  up  with  the  totvn 
clerk,  whose  duty  it  is  to  enter  the  same  at  large,  in  a  book  kept  by  him 
for  that  purpose. 

If  the  owner  of  estray  shall  not  have  appeared  and  proved  ownership, 
and  taken  the  same  away,  first  paying  the  taker  up  his  reasonable  charges 
for  taking  up,  keeping,  and  advertising  the  same,  the  taker  up  shall  appear 
before  the  justice  of  the  peace  mentioned  in  above  mentioned  notice,  and 
make  an  affidavit  as  required  by  law. 

As  the  affidavit  has  to  be  made  before  the  justice,  and  all  other  steps  as 
to  appraisement,  etc.,  are  before  him,  who  is  familiar  therewith,  they  are 
therefore  omitted  here. 

Any  person  taking  up  an  estray  at  any  other  place  than  about  or 
upon  his  farm  or  residence,  or  without  complying  with  the  laio,  shall  forfeit 
and  pay  a  fine  of  ten  dollars  with  costs. 

Ordinary  diligence  is  required  in  taking  care  of  estrays,  but  in  case 
they  die  or  get  away  the  taker  is  not  liable  for  the  same. 

GAME. 

It  is  unlawful  for  any  person  to  kill,  or  attempt  to  kill  or  destroy,  in 
any  manner,  srnj  prairie  henor  chicken  or  woodcock  between  the  loth  day 
of  January  and  the  1st  day  of  September ;  or  any  deer,  faion,  ivild-turkey, 
partridge  or  pheasant  between  the  1st  day  of  February  and  the  1st  day 
of  October ;  or  any  quail  between  the  1st  day  of  February  and  1st  day  of 
November ;  or  any  wild  goose,  duck,  snipe,  brant  or  other  water  fowl 
between  the  1st  day  of  May  and  15th  day  of  August  in  each  year. 
Penalty  :  Fine  not  less  than  $5  nor  more  than  $25,  for  each  bird  or 
animal,  and  costs  of  suit,  and  stand  committed  to  county  jail  until  fine  is 
paid,  but  not  exceeding  ten  days.  It  is  unlauful  to  hunt  with  gun,  dog 
or  net  within  the  inclosed  grounds  or  lands  of  another  without  p)ermission. 
Penalty:  Fine  not  less  than  $3  nor  more  than  $100,  to  be  paid  into 
school  fund. 

WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 

Whenever  any  of  the  following  articles  shall  be  contracted  for,  or 
sold  or  delivered,  and  no  special  contract  or  agreement  shall  be  made  to 
the  con1;rary,  the  weight  per  bushel  shall  be  as  follows,  to-wit : 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 


159 


Pounds. 

Pounds. 

Stone  Coal, 

-  80 

Bupkwheat,     -  * 

-  52 

Unslacked  Lime, 

-      80 

Coarse  Salt, 

-      50 

Corn  in  the  ear. 

-  70 

Barley,    -         -         - 

-  48 

Wheat, 

-      60 

Corn  Meal, 

-      48 

Irish  Potatoes, 

-  60 

Castor  Beans, 

-  46 

White  Beans, 

-      60 

Timothy  Seed,     - 

-      45 

Clover  Seed,   - 

-  60 

Hemp  Seed,    - 

-  44 

Onions,         _         =         - 

-      57 

Malt,  -         -         -         - 

-      38 

Shelled  Corn, 

-  56 

Dried  Peaches, 

-  33 

Rye,    -         -        -         - 

-      56 

Oats,  -         -        -         - 

-      32 

Flax  Seed,       - 

-  56 

Dried  Apples, 

-  24 

Sweet  Potatoes,  - 

-      55 

Bran,  -         -         -         - 

-      20 

Turnips, 

-  55 

Blue  Grass  Seed,     - 

-  14 

Fine  Salt,   - 

-       55 

Hair  (plastering). 

8 

Penalty  for  giving  less  than  the  above  standard  is  double  the  amount 
of  property  wrongfully  not  given,  and  ten  dollars  addition  thereto. 


1^ 


MILLERS. 


The  owner  or  occupant  of  every  public  grist  mill  in  this  state  shall 
grind  all  grain  brought  to  his  mill  in  its  turn.  The  toll  for  both  steam 
and  water  mills,  is,  for  grinding  and  bolting  wheats  rye,  or  other  grain.,  one 
eighth  part;  for  grinding  Indian  corn,  oats,  barley  and  buckwheat  not 
required  to  be  bolted,  one  seventh  part;  for  grinding  malt,  and  chopping  all 
kinds  of  grain,  one  eighth  part.  It  is  the  duty  of  every  miller  when  his 
mill  is  in  repair,  to  aid  and  assist  in  loading  and  unloading  all  grain  brought 
to  him  to  be  ground,  and  he  is  also  required  to  keep  an  accurate  half 
bushel  measure,  and  an  accurate  set  of  toll  dishes  or  scales  for  weiohins' 
the  grain.  The  penalty  for  neglect  or  refusal  to  comply  with  the  law  is 
$5,  to  the  use  of  any  person  to  sue  for  the  same,  to  be  recovered  before 
any  justice  of  the  peace  of  the  county  where  penalty  is  incurred.  Millers 
are  accountable  for  the  safe  keeping  of  all  grain  left  in  his  mill  for  the 
purpose  of  being  ground,  with  bags  or  casks  containing  same  (except  it 
results  from  unavoidable  accidents),  provided  tbat  such  bags  or  casks  are 
distinctly  marked  with  the  initial  letters  of  the  owner's  name. 

MARKS  AND  BRANDS. 

Owners  of  cattle,  horses,  hogs,  sheep  or  goats  may  have  one  ear  mark 
and  one  brand,  but  which  shall  be  different  from  his  neighbor  s,  and  may 
be  recorded  by  the  county  clerk  of  the  county  in  which  such  property  is 
kept.  The  fee  for  such  record  is  fifteen  cents.  The  record  of  such  shall 
be  02Mn  to  examination  free  of  charge.  In  cases  of  disputes  as  to  marks 
or  brands,  such  record  is  prima  facie  evidence.  Owners  of  cattle,  horses, 
liogs,  sheep  or  goats  that  may  have  been  branded  by  the  former  owner., 


160  ABSTRACT    OF    ILLINOIS    STATE    LAWS. 

may  be  re-branded  in  presence  of  one  or  more  of  his  neighbors,  who  shall  |, 
certify  to  the  facts  of  the  marking  or  branding  being  done,  when  done,  h 
and  in  what  brand  or  mark  they  were  re-branded  or  re-marked,  which 
certificate  may  also  be  recorded  as  before  stated. 

ADOPTION  OF  CHILDREN. 

Children  may  be  adopted  by  any  resident  of  this  state,  by  filing  a 
petition  in  the  Circuit  or  County  Court  of  the  county  in  which  he  resides, 
asking  leave  to  do  so,  and  if  desired  may  ask  that  the  name  of  the  child 
be  changed.  Such  petition,  if  made  by  a  person  having  a  husband  or 
wife,  will  not  be  granted,  unless  the  husband  or  wife  joins  therein,  as  the 
adoption  must  be  by  them  jointly. 

The  petition  shall  state  name,  sex,  and  age  of  the  child,  and  the  new 
name,  if  it  is  desired  to  change  the  name.  Also  the  name  and  residence 
of  the  parents  of  the  child,  if  known,  and  of  the  guardian,  if  any,  and 
whether  the  parents  or  guardians  consent  to  the  adoption. 

The  court  must  find,  before  granting  decree,  that  the  parents  of  the 
child,  or  the  survivors  of  them,  have  deserted  his  or  her  family  or  such 
child  for  one  year  next  preceding  the  application,  or  if  neither  are  living, 
the  guardian ;  if  no  guardian,  the  next  of  kin  in  this  state  capable  of  giving 
consent,  has  had  notice  of  the  presentation  of  the  petition  and  consents 
to  such  adoption.  If  the  child  is  of  the  age  of  fourteen  years  or  upwards, 
the  adoption  ca7i  not  be  made  'without  its  consent. 

SURVEYORS  AND  SURVEYS. 

There  is  in  every  county  elected  a  surveyor  known  as  county  sur- 
veyor, who  has  power  to  appoint  deputies,  for  whose  official  acts  he  is 
responsible.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  county  surveyor,  either  by  himself  or 
his  deputy,  to  make  all  surveys  that  he  may  be  called  upon  to  make  within 
his  county  as  soon  as  may  be  after  application  is  made.  The  necessary 
chainmen  and  other  assistance  must  be  employed  by  the  person  requiring 
the  same  to  be  done,  and  to  be  by  him  paid,  unless  otherwise  agreed  ;  but 
the  chainmen  must  be  disinterested  persons  and  approved  by  the  surveyor 
and  sworn  by  him  to  measure  justly  and  impartially. 

The  County  Board  in  each  county  is  required  by  law  to  provide  a  copy 
of  the  United  States  field  notes  and  plats  of  their  surveys  of  the  lands 
in  the  county  to  be  kept  in  the  recorder's  office  subject  to  examination 
by  the  public,  and  the  county  surveyor  is  required  to  make  his  surveys 
in  conformity  to  said  notes,  plats  and  the  laws  of  the  United  States  gov- 
erning such  matters.  The  surveyor  is  also  required  to  keep  a  record 
of  all  surveys  made  by  him,  which  shall  be  subject  to  inspection  by  any 
one  interested,  and  shall  be  delivered  up  to  his  successor  in  office.     A 


I 


ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  161 

certified  copy  of  the  said  surveyor's  record  shall  be  prima  facie  evidence 
of  its  contents. 

The  fees  of  county  surveyors  are  six  dollars  per  day.  The  county 
surveyor  is  also  ex  officio  inspector  of  mines,  and  as  such,  assisted  by  some 
practical  miner  selected  by  him,  shall  once  each  year  inspect  all  the 
mines  in  the  county,  for  which  they  shall  each  receive  such  compensa- 
tion as  may  be  fixed  by  the  County  Board,  not  exceeding  $5  a  day,  to 
be  paid  out  of  the  county  treasury. 

ROADS  AND  BRIDGES. 

Where  practicable  from  the  nature  of  the  ground,  persons  traveling 
in  any  kind  of  vehicle,  must  turn  to  the  right  of  the  center  of  the  road,  so 
as  to  permit  each  carriage  to  pass  without  interfering  with  each  other. 
The  penalty  jfor  a  violation  of  this  provision  is  $5  for  every  offense,  to 
be  recovered  by  the  party  injured ;  but  to  recover,  there  must  have 
occurred  some  injury  to  person  or  property  resulting  from  the  violation. 
The  owners  of  any  carriage  traveling  upon  any  road  in  this  State  for  the 
conveyance  of  passengers  who  shall  employ  or  continue  in  his  employment 
as  driver  any  person  who  is  addicted  to  drunkeniiess^  or  the  excessive  use  of 
spiritous  liquors,  after  he  has  had  notice  of  the  same,  shall  forfeit,  at  the 
rate  of  $5  per  da}',  and  if  any  driver  while  actually  engaged  in  driving 
any  such  carriage,  shall  be  guilty  of  intoxication  to  such  a  degree  as  to 
endanger  the  safety  of  passengers,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner,  on 
receiving  ivritten  notice  of  the  fact,  signed  by  one  of  the  passengers,  and 
certified  by  him  on  oath,  forthwith  to  discharge  such  driver.  If  such  ownei 
shall  have  such  driver  in  his  employ  within  three  months  after  such  notice, 
he  is  liable  for  $5  per  day  for  the  time  he  shall  keep  said  driver  in  his 
employment  after  receiving  such  notice. 

Persons  driving  any  carriage  on  any  public  highway  are  prohibited 
from  running  their  horses  upon  any  occasion  under  a  penalty  of  a  fine  not 
exceeding  810,  or  imprisonment  not  exceeding  sixty  days,  at  the  discre- 
tion of  the  court.  Horses  attached  to  any  carriage  used  to  convey  passen- 
gers for  hire  must  be  properly  hitched  or  the  lines  placed  in  the  hands  of 
some  other  person  before  the  driver  leaves  them  for  an}^  purpose.  For 
violation  of  this  provision  each  driver  shall  forfeit  tiventy  dollars,  to  be 
recovered  by  action,  to  be  commenced  within  six  months.  It  is  under- 
stood by  the  term  carriage  herein  to  mean  any  carriage  or  vehicle  used 
for  the  transportation  of  passengers  or  goods  or  either  of  them. 

The  commissioners  of  highways  in  the  different  tov/ns  have  the  care 
and  superintendence  of  highways  and  bridges  therein.  They  have  all 
the  powers  necessary  to  lay  out,  vacate,  regulate  and  repair  all  roadsi 
build  and  repair  bridges.  In  addition  to  the  above,  it  is  their  duty  to 
erect  and   keep  in  repair  at  the  forks  or  crossing-place  of  the   most 


162  ABSTRACT   OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

important  roads  post  and  guide  boards  with  plain  inscriptions,  giving 
directions  and  distances  to  the  most  noted  places  to  which  such  road  may 
lead ;  also  to  make  provisions  to  prevent  thistles,  burdock,  and  cockle 
burrs,  mustard,  yellow  dock,  Indian  mallow  and  jimson  weed  from 
seeding,  and  to  extirpate  the  same  as  far  as  practicable,  and  to  prevent 
all  rank  growth  of  vegetation  on  the  public  highways  so  far  as  the  same 
may  obstruct  public  travel,  and  it  is  in  their  discretion  to  erect  watering 
places  for  public  use  for  watering  teams  at  such  points  as  may  be  deemed 
advisable. 

The  Commissioners,  on  or  before  the  1st  day  of  May  of  each  year, 
shall  make  out  and  deliver  to  their  treasurer  a  list  of  all  able-bodied  men 
in  their  town,  excepting  paupers,  idiots,  lunatics,  and  such  others  as  are 
exempt  by  law,  and  assess  against  each  the  sum  of  two  dollars  as  a  poll 
tax  for  highway  purposes.  Within  thirty  days  after  such  list  is  delivered 
they  shall  cause  a  written  or  printed  notice  to  be  given  to  each  person  so 
assessed,  notifying  him  of  the  time  when  and  place  where  such  tax  must 
be  paid,  or  its  equivalent  in  labor  performed  ;  they  may  contract  with 
persons  owing  such  poll  tax  to  perform  a  certain  amount  of  labor  on  any 
road  or  bridge  in  payment  of  the  same,  and  if  such  tax  is  not  paid  nor 
labor  performed  by  the  first  Monday  of  July  of  such  year,  or  within  ten 
days  after  notice  is  given  after  that  time,  they  shall  bring  suit  therefor 
against  such  person  before  a  justice  of  the  peace,  who  shall  hear  and 
determine  the  case  according  to  law  for  the  offense  complained  of,  and 
shall  forthwith  issue  an  execution,  directed  to  any  constable  of  the  county 
where  the  delinquent  shall  reside,  who  shall  forthwith  collect  the  moneys 
therein  mentioned. 

The  Commissioners  of  Highways  of  each  town  shall  annually  ascer- 
tain, as  near  as  practicable,  how  much  money  must  be  raised  by  tax  on  real 
and  personal  property  for  the  making  and  repairing  of  roads,  only,  to  any 
amount  they  may  deem  necessar}'-,  not  exceeding  forty  cents  on  each  one 
hundred  dollars'  worth,  as  valued  on  the  assessment  roll  of  the  previous 
year.  The  tax  so  levied  on  property  lying  within  an  incorporated  village, 
town  or  city,  shall  be  paid  over  to  the  corporate  authorities  of  such  town, 
village  or  city.  Commissioners  shall  receive  $1.50  for  each  day  neces- 
sarily employed  in  the  discharge  of  their  duty. 

Overseers.  At  the  first  meeting  the  Commissioners  shall  choose  one 
of  their  number  to  act  General  Overseer  of  Highways  in  their  township, 
whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  take  charge  of  and  safely  keep  all  tools,  imple- 
ments and  machinery  belonging  to  said  town,  and  shall,  by  the  direction 
of  the  Board,  have  general  supervision  of  all  roads  and  bridges  in  their 
town. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS.  163 

As  all  township  and  county  officers  are  familiar  with  their  duties,  it 
is  only  intended  to  give  the  points  of  the  law  that  the  pul)lic  should  be 
familiar  with.  The  manner  of  laying  out,  altering  or  vacating  roads,  etc., 
will  not  be  here  stated,  as  it  would  require  more  space  than  is  contem- 
plated in  a  work  of  this  kind.  It  is  sufficient  to  state  that,  the  first  step 
is  by  petition,  addressed  to  the  Commissioners,  setting  out  what  is  prayed 
for,  giving  the  names  of  the  owners  of  lands  if  known,  if  not  known  so 
state,  over  which  the  road  is  to  pass,  giving  the  general  course,  its  place 
of  beginning,  and  where  it  terminates.  It  requires  not  less  than  twelve 
freeholders  residing  within  three  miles  of  the  road  who  shall  sign  the 
petition.  Public  roads  must  not  be  less  than  fifty  feet  wide,  nor  more 
than  sixty  feet  wide.  Roads  not  exceeding  two  miles  in  length,  if  peti- 
tioned for,  may  be  laid  out,  not  less  than  forty  feet.  Private  roads 
for  private  and  public  use,  may  be  laid  out  of  the  width  of  three  rods,  on 
petition  of  the  person  directly  interested  ;  the  damage  occasioned  thereby 
shall  be  paid  by  the  premises  benefited  thereby,  and  before  the  road  is 
opened.  If  not  opened  in  two  years,  the  order  shall  be  considered 
rescinded.  Commissioners  in  their  discretion  may  permit  persons  who 
live  on  or  have  private  roads,  to  work  out  their  road  tax  thereon.  Public 
roads  must  be  opened  in  five  days  from  date  of  filing  order  of  location, 
or  be  deemed  vacated. 

DRAINAGE. 

Whenever  one  or  more  owners  or  occupants  of  land  desire  to  construct 
a  drain  or  ditch  across  the  land  of  others  for  agricultural,  sanitary  or 
mining  purposes,  the  proceedings  are  as  follows : 

File  a  petition  in  the  Circuit  or  County  Court  of  the  county  in  which 
the  proposed  ditch  or  drain  is  to  be  constructed,  setting  forth  the  neces- 
sity for  the  same,  with  a  description  of  its  proposed  starting  point,  route 
and  terminus,  and  if  it  shall  be  necessary  for  the  drainage  of  the  land  or 
coal  mines  or  for  sanitary  purposes,  that  a  drain,  ditch,  levee  or  similar 
work  be  constructed,  a  description  of  the  same.  It  shall  also  set  forth 
the  names  of  all  persons  owning  the  land  over  which  such  drain  or  ditch 
shall  be  constructed,  or  if  unknown  stating  that  fact. 

No  private  property  shall  be  taken  or  damaged  for  the  purpose  of 
constructing  a  ditch,  drain  or  levee,  without  compensation,  if  claimed  by 
the  owner,  the  same  to  be  ascertained  by  a  jury ;  but  if  the  construction 
of  such  ditch,  drain  or  levee  shall  be  a  benefit  to  the  owner,  the  same 
shall  be  a  set  off  against  such  compensation. 

If  the  proceedings  seek  to  affect  the  property  of  a  minor,  lunatic  or 
married  woman,  the  guardian,  conservator  or  husband  of  the  same  shall 
be  made  party  defendant.  The  petition  may  be  amended  and  parties 
made  defendants  at  any  time  when  it  is  necessary  to  a  fair  trial. 


f 

164  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  '^  ' 

When  the  petition  is  presented  to  the  judge,  he  shall  note  therein 
when  he  will  hear  the  same,  and  order  the  issuance  of  summonses  and 
the  publication  of  notice  to  each  non-resident  or  unknown  defendant. 

The  petition  may  be  heard  by  such  judge  in  vacation  as  well  as  in 
term  time.  Upon  the  trial,  the  jury  shall  ascertain  the  just  compensation 
to  each  owner  of  the  property  sought  to  be  damaged  by  the  construction 
of  such  ditch,  drain  or  levee,  and  truly  report  the  same. 

As  it  is  only  contemplated  in  a  work  of  this  kind  to  give  an  abstract 
of  the  laws,  and  as  the  parties  who  have  in  charge  the  execution  of  the 
further  proceedings  are  likely  to  be  familiar  with  the  requirements  of  the 
statute,  the  necessary  details  are  not  here  inserted. 

WOLF  SCALPS. 

The  County  Board  of  any  county  in  this  State  may  hereafter  alluw 
such  bounty  on  wolf  scalps  as  the  board  may  deem  reasonable. 

Any  person  claiming  a  bounty  shall  produce  the  scalp  or  scalps  with 
the  ears  thereon,  within  sixty  days  after  the  wolf  or  wolves  shall  have 
been  caught,  to  the  Clerk  of  the  County  Board,  who  shall  administer  to 
said  person  the  following  oath  or  affirmation,  to-wit:  "You  do  solemnly 
swear  (or  affirm,  as  the  case  may  be),  that  the  scalp  or  scalps  here  pro- 
duced by  you  was  taken  from  a  wolf  or  wolves  killed  and  first  captured 
by  yourself  within  the  limits  of  this  county,  and  within  the  sixty  days 
last  past." 

CONVEYANCES. 

When  the  reversion  expectant  on  a  lease  of  any  tenements  or  here- 
ditaments of  any  tenure  shall  be  surrendered  or  merged,  the  estate  which 
shall  for  the  time  being  confer  as  against  the  tenant  under  the  same  lease 
the  next  vested  right  to  the  same  tenements  or  hereditaments,  shall,  to 
the  extent  and  for  the  purpose  of  preserving  such  incidents  to  and  obli- 
gations on  the  same  reversion,  as  but  for  the  surrender  or  merger  thereof, 
would  have  subsisted,  be  deemed  the  reversion  expectant  on  the  same 
lease. 

PAUPERS. 

Every  poor  person  who  shall  be  unable  to  earn  a  livelihood  in  conse- 
quence of  any  bodili/  infirmity,  idiocy,  lunacy  or  unavoidable  cause,  shall 
be  supported  by  the  father,  grand-father,  mother,  grand-mother,  children, 
grand-children,  brothers  or  sisters  of  such  poor  person,  if  they  or  either 
of  them  be  of  sufficient  ability ;  but  if  any  of  such  dependent  class  shall 
have  become  so  from  intemperance  or  other  had  conduct,  they  shall  not  be 
entitled  to  support  from  any  relation  except  parent  or  child. 


^K 


'I  Rnr.KFnRD 


ABSTRACT  OF   ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  167 

The  children  shall  first  be  called  on  to  support  their  parents,  if  they 
are  able  ;  but  if  not,  the  parents  of  such  poor  person  shall  then  be  called 
on,  if  of  sufficient  ability ;  and  if  there  be  no  parents  or  children  able, 
then  the  brothers  and  sisters  of  such  dependent  person  shall  be  called 
upon  ;  and  if  there  be  no  brothers  or  sisters  of  sufficient  ability,  the 
grand-children  of  such  person  shall  next  be  called  on ;  and  if  they  are 
not  able,  then  the  grand-parents.  Married  females,  while  their  husbands 
live,  shall  not  be  liable  to  contribute  for  the  support  of  their  poor  relations 
except  out  of  their  separate  property.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  state's 
(county)  attorney,  to  make  complaint  to  the  County  Court  of  his  county 
against  all  the  relatives  of  such  paupers  in  this  state  liable  to  his  support 
and  prosecute  the  same.  In  case  the  state's  attorney  neglects,  or  refuses,  to 
complain  in  such  cases,  then  it  is  the  duty  of  the  overseer  of  the  poor  to 
do  so.  The  person  called  upon  to  contribute  shall  have  at  least  ten  days' 
notice  of  such  application  by  summons.  The  court  has  the  power  to 
determine  the  kind  of  support,  depending  upon  the  circumstances  of  the 
parties,  and  may  also  order  two  or  more  of  the  different  degrees  to  main- 
tain such  poor  person,  and  prescribe  the  proportion  of  each,  according  to 
their  ability.  The  court  may  specify  the  time  for  which  the  relative  shall 
contribute — in  fact  has  control  over  the  entire  subject  matter,  with  power 
to  enforce  its  orders.  Every  county  (except  those  in  which  the  poor  are 
supported  by  the  towns,  and  in  such  cases  the  towns  are  liable)  is  required 
to  relieve  and  support  all  poor  and  indigent  persons  lawfully  resident 
therein.  Residence  means  the  actual  residence  of  the  party,  or  the  place 
where  he  was  employed ;  or  in  case  he  was  in  no  employment,  then  it 
shall  be  the  place  where  he  made  his  home.  When  any  person  becomes 
chargeable  as  a  pauper  in  any  county  or  town  who  did  not  reside  at  the 
commencement  of  six  months  immediately  preceding  his  becoming  so, 
but  did  at  that  time  reside  in  some  other  county  or  town  in  this  state, 
then  the  county  or  town,  as  the  case  may  be,  becomes  liable  for  the  expense 
of  taking  care  of  such  person  until  removed,  and  it  is  the  duty  of  the 
overseer  to  notify  the  proper  authorities  of  the  fact.  If  any  person  shall 
bring  and  leave  any  pauper  in  any  county  in  this  state  where  such  pauper 
had  no  legal  residence,  knowing  him  to  be  such,  he  is  liable  to  a  fine  of 
$100.  In  counties  under  township  organization,  the  supervisors  in  each 
town  are  ex-officio  overseers  of  the  poor.  The  overseers  of  the  poor  act 
under  the  directions  of  the  County  Board  in  taking  care  of  the  poor  and 
granting  of  temporary  relief;  also,  providing  for  non-resident  persons  not 
paupers  who  may  be  taken  sick  and  not  able  to  pay  their  way,  and  in  case 
of  death  cause  such  person  to  be  decently  buried. 

The  residence   of  the  inmates  of  poorhouses  and  other  charitable 
institutions  for  voting  purposes  is  their  former  place  of  abode. 


168  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

FENCES. 

In  counties  under  townsliip  organization,  the  town  assessor  and  com- 
missioner of  highways  are  the  fence-viewers  in  their  respective  towns. 
In  other  counties  the  County  Board  appoints  three  in  each  precinct  annu- 
ally. A  lawful  fence  is  four  and  one-half  feet  high^  in  good  repair,  con- 
sisting of  rails,  timber,  boards,  stone,  hedges,  or  whatever  the  fence- 
viewers  of  the  town  or  precinct  where  the  same  shall  lie,  shall  consider 
equivalent  thereto,  but  in  counties  under  township  organization  the  annual 
town  meeting  may  establish  any  other  kind  of  fence  as  such,  or  the  County 
Board  in  other  counties  may  do  the  same.  Division  fences  shall  be  made 
and  maintained  in  just  proportion  by  the  adjoining  owners,  except  when 
the  owner  shall  choose  to  let  his  land  lie  open,  but  after  a  division  fence  is 
built  by  agreement  or  otherwise,  neither  party  can  remove  his  part  of  such 
fence  so  long  as  he  may  crop  or  use  such  land  for  farm  purposes,  or  without 
giving  the  other  party  one  year's  notice  in  writing  of  his  intention  to  remove 
his  portion.  When  any  person  shall  enclose  his  land  upon  the  enclosure 
of  another,  he  shall  refund  the  owner  of  the  adjoining  lands  a  just  pro- 
portion of  the  value  at  that  time  of  such  fence.  The  value  of  fence  and 
the  just  proportion  to  be  paid  or  built  and  maintained  by  each  is  to  be 
ascertained  by  two  fence-viewers  in  the  town  or  precinct.  Such  fence- 
viewers  have  power  to  settle  all  disputes  between  different  owners  as  to 
fences  built  or  to  be  built,  as  well  as  to  repairs  to  be  made.  Each  party 
chooses  one  of  the  viewers,  but  if  the  other  party  neglects,  after  eight 
days'  notice  in  writing,  to  make  his  choice,  then  the  other  party  may 
select  both.  It  is  sufficient  to  notify  the  tenant  or  party  in  possession, 
when  the  owner  is  not  a  resident  of  the  town  or  precinct.  The  two 
fence-viewers  chosen,  after  viewing  the  premises,  shall  hear  the  state- 
ments of  the  parties ,  in  case  they  can't  agree,  they  shall  select  another 
fence-viewer  to  act  with  them,  and  the  decision  of  any  two  of  them  is 
final.  The  decision  must  be  reduced  to  writing,  and  should  plainly  set 
out  description  of  fence  and  all  matters  settled  by  them,  and  must  be 
filed  in  the  office  of  the  town  clerk  in  counties  under  township  organiza- 
tion, and  in  other  counties  with  the  county  clerk. 

Where  any  person  is  liable  to  contribute  to  the  erection  or  the 
repairing  of  a  division  fence,  neglects  or  refuses  so  to  do,  the  party 
injured,  after  giving  sixty  days  notice  in  writing  when  a  fence  is  to  be 
erected,  or  ten  days  when  it  is  only  repairs,  may  proceed  to  have  the 
work  done  at  the  expense  of  the  party  whose  duty  it  is  to  do  it,  to  be 
recovered  from  him  with  costs  of  suit,  and  the  party  so  neglecting  shall 
also  be  liable  to  the  party  injured  for  all  damages  accruing  from  such 
neglect  or  refusal,  to  be  determined  by  any  two  fence-viewers  selected 
as  before  provided,  the  appraisement  to  be  reduced  to  writing  and  signed. 


ABSTEACT   OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  169 

Where  a  person  shall  conclude  to  remove  his  part  of  a  division  fence, 
and  let  his  land  lie  open,  and  having  given  the  year's  notice  required,  the 
adjoining  owner  may  cause  the  value  of  said  fence  to  be  ascertained  by 
fence-viewers  as  before  provided,  and  on  payment  or  tender  of  the 
amount  of  such  valuation  to  the  owner,  it  shall  prevent  the  removal.  A 
party  removing  a  division  fence  without  notice  is  liable  for  the  damages 
accruing  thereby.  • 

Where  a  fence  has  been  built  on  the  land  of  another  through  mis- 
take, the  owner  may  enter  upon  such  premises  and  remove  his  fence  and 
material  within  six  months  after  the  division  line  has  been  ascertained. 
Where  the  material  to  build  such  a  fence  has  been  taken  from  the  land 
on  which  it  was  built,  then  before  it  can  be  removed,  the  person  claiming 
must  first  pay  for  such  material  to  the  owner  of  the  land  from  which  it 
was  taken,  nor  shall  such  a  fence  be  removed  at  a  time  when  the  removal 
will  throw  open  or  expose  the  crops  of  the  other  party ;  a  reasonable 
time  must  be  given  beyond  the  .six  months  to  remove  crops. 

The  compensation  of  fence-viewers  is  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents  a 
day  each,  to  be  paid  in  the  first  instance  by  the  party  calling  them,  but 
in  the  end  all  expenses,  including  amount  charged  by  the  fence-viewers, 
must  be  paid  equally  b}^  the  parties,  except  in  cases  where  a  party  neglects 
or  refuses  to  make  or  maintain  a  just  proportion  of  a  division  fence,  when 
the  party  in  default  shall  pay  them. 

DAMAGES  FROM  TRESPASS. 

Where  stock  of  any  kind  breaks  into  any  person's  enclosure,  the 
fence  being  good  and  sufficient^  the  owner  is  liable  for  the  damage  done  ; 
but  where  the  damage  is  done  by  stock  running  at  large^  contrary  to  law, 
the  owner  is  liable  where  there  is  not  such  a  fence.  Where  stock  ia 
found  trespassing  on  the  enclosure  of  another  as  aforesaid,  the  owner  oi 
occupier  of  the  premises  may  take  possession  of  such  stock  and  keep  the 
same  until  damages,  with  reasonable  charges  for  keeping  and  feeding  and 
all  costs  of  suit,  are  paid.  Any  person  taking  or  rescuing  such  stock  so 
held  without  his  consent,  shall  be  liable  to  a  fine  of  not  less  than  three 
nor  more  than  five  dollars  for  each  animal  rescued,  to  be  recovered  by 
suit  before  a  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  use  of  the  school  fund.  Within 
twenty-four  hours  after  taking  such  animal  into  his  possession,  the  per- 
son taking  it  up  must  give  notice  of  the  fact  to  the  owner,  if  known,  or 
if  unknown,  notices  must  be  posted  in  some  public  place  near  the  premises. 

LANDLORD  AND  TENANT. 

The  owner  of  lands,  or  his  legal  representatives,  can  sue  for  and 
recover  rent  therefor,  in  any  of  the  following  cases  : 

First.     When  rent  is  due  and  in  arrears  on  a  lease  for  life  or  lives. 

5 


170  ABSTRACT  OP  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

Second.  When  lands  are  held  and  occupied  by  any  person  without 
any  special  agreement  for  rent. 

Third.  When  possession  is  obtained  under  an  agreement,  written 
or  verbal,  for  the  purchase  of  the  premises  and  before  deed  given,  the 
right  to  possession  is  terminated  by  forfeiture  on  con-compliance  with  the 
agreement,  and  possession  is  wrongfully  refused  or  neglected  to  be  given 
upon  demand  made  in  writing  by  the  party  entitled  thereto.  Provided 
that  all  payments  made  by  the  vendee  or  his  representatives  or  assigns, 
may  be  set  off  against  the  rent. 

Fourth.  When  land  has  been  sold  upon  a  judgment  or  a  decree  of 
court,  when  the  party  to  such  judgment  or  decree,  or  person  holding  under 
him,  wrongfully  refuses,  or  neglects,  to  surrender  possession  of  the  same, 
after  demand  in  writing  by  the  person  entitled  to  the  possession. 

Fifth.  When  the  lands  have  been  sold  upon  a  mortgage  or  trust 
deed,  and  the  mortgagor  or  grantor  or  person  holding  under  him,  wrong- 
fully refuses  or  neglects  to  surrender  possession  of  the  same,  after  demand 
in  writing  by  the  person  entitled  to  the  possession. 

If  any  tenant,  or  any  person  who  shall  come  into  possession  from  or 
under  or  by  collusion  with  such  tenant,  shall  willfully  hold  over  any  lands, 
etc.,  after  the  expiration  the  term  of  their  lease,  and  after  demand  made 
in  ivriting  for  the  possession  thereof,  is  liable  to  pay  double  rent.  A 
tenancy  from  year  to  year  requires  sixty  days  notice  in  writing,  to  termi- 
nate the  same  at  the  end  of  the  year ;  such  notice  can  be  given  at  any 
time  within  four  months  preceding  the  last  sixty  days  of  the  year. 

A  tenancy  by  the  month,  or  less  than  a  year,  where  the  tenant  holds 
over  without  any  special  agreement,  the  landlord  may  terminate  the 
tenancy,  by  thirty  days  notice  in  writing. 

When  rent  is  due,  the  landlord  may  serve  a  notice  upon  the  tenant, 
stating  that  unless  the  rent  is  paid  within  not  less  than  five  days,  his  lease 
will  be  terminated  ;  if  the  rent  is  not  paid,  the  landlord  may  consider  the 
lease  ended.  When  default  is  made  in  any  of  the  terms  of  a  lease,  it 
shall  not  be  necessary  to  give  more  than  ten  days  notice  to  quit  or  of  the 
termination  of  such  tenancy  ;  and  the  same  may  be  terminated  on  giving 
such  notice  to  quit,  at  any  time  after  such  default  in  any  of  the  terms  of 
such  lease  ;  which  notice  may  be  substantially  in  the  following  form,  viz: 

To ,  You  are  hereby  notified  that,  in  consequence  of  your  default 

in  (^here  insert  the  character  of  the  default),  of  the  premises  now  occupied 
by  you,  being  etc.  (here  describe  the  premises),  I  have  elected  to  deter- 
mine your  lease,  and  you  are  hereby  notified  to  quit  and  deliver  up  pos- 
session of  the  same  to  me  within  ten  days  of  this  date  (dated,  etc.) 

The  above  to  be  signed  by  the  lessor  or  his  agent,  and  no  other  notice 
or  demand  of  possession  or  termination  of  such  tenancy  is  necessary. 

Demand  may  be  made,  or  notice  served,  by  delivering  a  written  or 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  171 

printed,  or  jDartly  either,  copy  thereof  to  the  tenant,  or  leaving  the  same 
M-ith  some  person  above  the  age  of  twelve  years  residing  on  or  in  posses- 
sion of  the  premises  ;  and  in  case  no  one  is  in  the  actual  possession  of  the 
said  premises,  then  by  posting  the  same  on  the  premises.  When  the 
tenancy  is  for  a  certain  time,  and  the  term  expires  by  the  terms  of  the 
lease,  the  tenant  is  then  bound  to  surrender  possession,  and  no  notice 
to  quit  or  demand  of  possession  is  necessary. 

Distress  for  rent. — In  all  cases  of  distress  for  rent,  the  landlord,  by 
himself,  his  agent  or  attorney,  may  seize  for  rent  any  personal  property  of 
his  tenant  that  may  be  found  in  the  county  where  the  tenant  resides ;  the 
property  of  any  other  person,  even  if  found  on  the  premises,  is  not 
hable. 

An  inventory  of  the  property  levied  upon,  with  a  statement  of  the 
amount  of  rent  claimed,  should  be  at  once  filed  with  some  justice  of  the 
peace,  if  not  over  $200 ;  and  if  above  that  sum,  with  the  clerk  of  a  court 
of  record  of  competent  jurisdiction.  Property  may  be  released,  by  the 
party  executing  a  satisfactory  bond  for  double  the  amount. 

The  landlord  may  distrain  for  rent,  any  time  within  six  months  after 
the  expiration  of  the  term  of  the  lease,  or  when  terminated. 

In  all  cases  where  the  premises  rented  shall  be  sub-let,  or  the  lease 
assigned,  the  landlord  shall  have  the  same  right  to  enforce  lien  against 
such  lessee  or  assignee,  that  he  has  against  the  tenant  to  whom  the  pre- 
mises were  rented. 

When  a  tenant  abandons  or  removes  from  the  premises  or  any  part 
thereof,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  attorney,  may  seize  upon  any  grain 
or  other  crops  grown  or  growing  upon  the  premises,  or  part  thereof  so 
abandoned,  whether  the  rent  is  due  or  not.  If  such  grain,  or  other  crops, 
or  any  part  thereof,  is  not  fully  grown  or  matured,  the  landlord,  or  his 
agent  or  attorney,  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  properly  cultivated,  harvested 
or  gathered,  and  may  sell  the  same,  and  from  the  proceeds  pay  all  his 
labor,  expenses  and  rent.  The  tenant  may,  before  the  sale  of  such  pro- 
perty, redeem  the  same  by  tendering  the  rent  and  reasonable  compensation 
for  work  done,  or  he  may  replevy  the  same. 

Exemption. — The  same  articles  of  personal  property  which  are  bylaw 
exempt  from  execution,  except  the  crops  as  above  stated,  is  also  exempt 
from  distress  for  rent. 

If  any  tenant  is  about  to  or  shall  permit  or  attempt  to  sell  and 
remove  from  the  premises,  without  the  consent  of  his  landlord,  such 
portion  of  the  crops  raised  thereon  as  will  endanger  the  lien  of  the  land- 
lord upon  such  crops,  for  the  rent,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the  landlord  to 
distress  before  rent  is  due. 


172  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 


LIENS. 


Any  person  who  shall  by  contract^  express  or  implied,  or  partly  both,    [ 
with  the  owner  of  any  lot  or  tract  of  land,  furnish  labor  or  material,  or    ' 
services  as  an  architect  or  superintendent,  in  building,  altering,  repairing 
or  ornamenting  any  house  or  other   building  or  appurtenance  thereto  on    j 
sucli  lot,  or  upon  any  street  or  alley,  and  connected  with  such  improve-    ; 
ments,  shall  have  a  lien  upon  the  whole  of  such  lot  or  tract  of  land,  and 
upon  such  house  or  building  and  appurtenances,  for  the  amount  due  to     , 
him  for  such  labor,  material  or  services.     If  the  contract  is  expressed,  and     | 
the  time  for  the  completion  of  the  work  is  heyond  three  years  from  the  com-     ' 
mencement  thereof ;  or,  if  the  time  of  payment  is  beyond  one  year  from 
the  time  stipulated  for  the   completion  of  the  work,  then  no  lien  exists. 
If  the  contract  is  implied,  then  no  lien  exists,  unless  the  work  be  done  or     \ 
material  is  furnished  within  one  year  from  the  commencement  of  the  work     ' 
or  delivery  of  the  materials.     As  between  different  creditors  having  liens,     ; 
no  preference  is  given  to  the  one  whose  contract  was  first  made  ;  but  each     ' 
shares  pro-rata.     Incumbrances  existing  on  the  lot  or  tract  of  the  land  at 
the  time  the  contract  is  made,  do  not  operate  on  the  improvements,  and 
are  only  preferred  to  the  extent  of  the  value  of  the  land  at  the  time  of 
making  the  contract.     The  above  lien  can  not  be  enforced  unless  suit  is 
commenced  within  six  months  after  the  last  payment  for  labor  or  materials 
shall  have  become  due  and  payable.    Sub-contractors,  mechanics,  workmen     • 
and  other  persons  furnishing  any  material,  or  performing  any  labor  for  a 
contractor  as  before  specified,  have  a  lien  to  the  extent  of  the  amount  due 
the  contractor  at  the  time  the  following  notice  is  served  upon  the  owner 
of  the  land  who  made  the  contract: 

To ,  You  are  hereby  notified,  that  I  have  been  employed  by- 


(here  state  whether  to  labor  or  furnish  material,  and  substantially  the 
nature  of  the  demand)  upon  your  (here  state  in  general  terms  description 
and  situation  of  building),  and  that  I  shall  hold  the  (building,  or  as  the 
case  may  be),  and  your  interest  in  the  ground,  liable  for  the  amount  that 

may  (is  or  may  become)  due  me  on  account  thereof.     Signature, 

Date, 

If  there  is  a  contract  in  writing  between  contractor  and  sub-contractor, 
a  copy  of  it  should  be  served  with  above  notice,  and  said  notice  must  be 
served  within  forty  days  from  the  completion  of  such  sub-contract,  if  there 
is  one  ;  if  not,  then  from  the  time  payment  should  have  been  made  to  the 
person  performing  the  labor  or  furnishing  the  material.  If  the  owner  is 
not  a  resident  of  the  county,  or  can  not  be  found  therein,  then  the  above 
notice  must  be  filed  with  the  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court,  with  his  fee,  fifty 
cents,  and  a  copy  of  said  notice  must  be  published  in  a  newspaper  pub- 
lished in  the  county,  for  four  successive  weeks. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  173 

"Wheu  the  owner  or  agent  is  notified  as  above,  he  can  retain  any 
money  due  the  contractor  sufficient  to  pay  such  claim  ;  if  more  than  one 
claim,  and  not  enough  to  pay  all,  they  are  to  be  paid  pro  rata. 

The  owner  has  the  right  to  demand  in  writing,  a  statement  of  the 
contractor,  of  what  he  owes  for  labor,  etc.,  from  time  to  time  as  the  work 
progresses,  and  on  his  failure  to  comply,  forfeits  to  the  owner  ioO  for 
every  offense. 

The  liens  referred  to  cover  any  and  all  estates,  whether  in  fee  for 
life,  for  years,  or  any  other  interest  which  the  owner  may  have. 

To  enforce  the  lien  of  sub-contractors,  suit  must  be  commenced  within 
three  months  from  the  time  of  the  performance  of  the  sub-contract,  or 
during  the  work  or  furnishing  materials. 

Hotel,  inn  and  hoarding-house  keepers,  have  a  lien  upon  the  baggage 
and  other  valuables  of  their  guests  or  boarders,  brought  into  such  hotel, 
inn  or  boarding-house,  by  their  guests  or  boarders,  for  the  proper  charges 
due  from  such  guests  or  boarders  for  their  accommodation,  board  and 
lodgings,  and  such  extras  as  are  furnished  at  their  request. 

Stable-keepers  and  other  persons  have  a  lien  upon  the  horses,  car- 
riages and  harness  kept  by  them,  for  the  proper  charges  due  for  the  keep- 
ing thereof  and  expenses  bestowed  thereon  at  the  request  of  the  owner 
or  the  person  having  the  possession  of  the  same. 

Agisters  (persons  who  take  care  of  cattle  belonging  to  others),  and 
persons  keeping,  yarding,  feeding  or  pasturing  domestic  animals,  shall 
have  a  lien  upon  the  animals  agistered,  kept,  yarded  or  fed,  for  the  proper 
charges  due  for  such  service. 

All  persons  who  may  furnish  any  railroad  corporation  in  this  state 
with  fuel,  ties,  material,  supplies  or  any  other  article  or  thing  necessary 
for  the  construction,  maintenance,  operation  or  repair  of  its  road  by  con- 
tract, or  may  perform  work  or  labor  on  the  same,  is  entitled  to  be  paid  as 
part  of  the  current  expenses  of  the  road,  and  have  a  lien  upon  all  its  pro- 
perty. Sub-contractors  or  laborers  have  also  a  lien.  The  conditions  and 
limitations  both  as  to  contractors  and  sub-contractors,  are  about  the  same 
as  herein  stated  as  to  general  liens. 

DEFINITION   OF  COMMERCIAL  TERMS. 

•f means  dollars,  being  a  contraction  of  U.  S.,  which  was  formerly 

placed  before  any  denomination  of  money,  and  meant,  as  it  means  now, 
United  States  Currency. 

<£ means  pounds,  English  money. 

@  stands  for  at  or  to.  lb  iov pound,  and  bbl.  for  barrel;  ^  iov  per  or 
hy  the.     Thus,  Butter  sells  at  20@30c  ^  lb,  and  Flour  at  $8@12  "^  bbl. 

%  for  per  cent  and  #  for  number. 

May  1.— Wheat  sells  at  |1.20@1.25,  *' seller  June."      Seller  June 


ir4  ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

means  that  the  person  who  sells  the  wheat  has  the  privilege  of  delivering 
it  at  any  time  during  the  month  of  June. 

Selling  short,  is  contracting  to  deliver  a  certain  amount  of  grain  or 
stock,  at  a  fixed  price,  within  a  certain  length  of  time,  when  the  seller 
has  not  the  stock  on  hand.  It  is  for  the  interest  of  the  person  selling 
"short,"  to  depress  the  market  as  much  as  possible,  in  order  that  he  may 
buy  and  fill  his  contract  at  a  profit.  Hence  the  "  shorts  "  are  termed 
"  bears." 

Buying  long,  is  to  contract  to  purchase  a  certain  amount  of  grain  or 
shares  of  stock  at  a  fixed  price,  deliverable  within  a  stipulated  time, 
expecting  to  make  a  profit  by  the  rise  of  prices.  The  "longs"  are 
termed  "bulls,"  as  it  is  for  their  interest  to  "operate"  so  as  to  "toss" 
the  prices  upward  as  much  as  possible. 

NOTES. 

Form  of  note  is  legal,  worded  in  the  simplest  way,  so  that  the 
amount  and  time  of  payment  are  mentioned. 

$100.  Chicago,  111.,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Sixty  days  from  date  I  promise  to  pay  to  E.  F.  Brown, 
or  order.  One  Hundred  dollars,  for  value  received. 

L.  D.  LowRY. 
A  note  to  be  payable  in  any  thing  else  than  money  needs  only  the 
facts  substituted  for  money  in  the  above  form. 

ORDERS. 

Orders  should  be  worded  simply,  thus : 

Mr.  F.  H.  CoATS:  Chicago,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Please  pay  to  H.  Birdsall,  Twenty-five  dollars,  and  charge  to 

F.   D.    SiLVA. 

RECEBPTS. 

Receipts  should  always  state  when  received  and  what  for,  thus: 

$100.  _  Chicago,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Received  of  J.  W.  Davis,  One  Hundred  dollars,  for  services 
rendered  in  grading  his  lot  in  Fort  Madison,  on  account. 

Thomas  Brady. 
If  receipt  is  in  full  it  should  be  so  stated. 

BILLS   OF   PURCHASE. 

W.  N.  Mason,  Salem,  Illinois,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Bought  of  A.  A.  Graham. 
4  Bushels  of  Seed  Wheat,  at  $1.50      -  -  -  -        f6.00 

2  Seamless  Sacks  "       .30  -  -  .60 


Received  payment,  $6.60 

A.  A.  Graham. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  176 

ARTICLES  OF  AGREEMENT. 

An  agreement  is  where  one  party  promises  to  another  to  do  a  certain 
thing  in  a  certain  time  for  a  stipulated  sum.  Good  business  men  always 
reduce  an  agreement  to  writing,  which  nearly  always  saves  misunder- 
standings and  trouble.  No  particular  form  is  necessary,  but  the  facts  must 
be  clearly  and  explicitly  stated,  and  there  must,  to  make  it  valid,  be  a 
reasonable  consideration. 

GENERAL  FORM  OF  AGREEMENT. 

This  Agreement,  made  the  Second  day  of  October,  1876,  between 
John  Jones,  of  Aurora,  County  of  Kane,  State  of  Illinois,  of  the  first  part, 
and  Thomas  Whiteside,  of  the  same  place,  of  the  second  part  — 

WITNESSETH,  that  the  said  John  Jones,  in  consideration  of  the  agree- 
ment of  the  party  of  the  second  part,  hereinafter  contained,  contracts  and 
agrees  to  and  with  the  said  Thomas  Whiteside,  that  he  will  deliver,  in 
good  and  marketable  condition,  at  the  Village  of  Batavia,  111.,  during  the 
month  of  November,  of  this  year.  One  Hundred  Tons  of  Prairie  Hay,  in 
the  following  lots,  and  at  the  following  specified  times ;  namely,  twenty- 
five  tons  by  the  seventh  of  November,  twenty-five  tons  additional  by  the 
fourteenth  of  the  month,  twenty-five  tons  more  by  the  twenty-first,  and 
the  entire  one  hundred  tons  to  be  all  delivered  by  the  thirtieth  of 
November. 

And  the  said  Thomas  Whiteside,  in  consideration  of  the  prompt 
fulfillment  of  this  contract,  on  the  part  of  the  party  of  the  first  part, 
contracts  to  and  agrees  with  the  said  John  Jones,  to  pay  for  said  hay  five 
dollars  per  ton,  for  each  ton  as  soon  as  delivered. 

In  case  of  failure  of  agreement  by  either  of  the  parties  hereto,  it  is 
hereby  stipulated  and  agreed  that  the  party  so  failing  shall  pay  to  the 
other,  One  Hundred  Dollars,  as  fixed  and  settled  damages. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  have  hereunto  set  our  hands  the  day  and 
year  first  above  written.  John  Jones, 

Thomas  Whiteside. 

AGREEMENT  WITH  CLERK  FOR  SERVICES. 

This  Agreement,  made  the  first  day  of  May,  one  thousand  eight 
hundred  and  seventy-six,  between  Reuben  Stone,  of  Chicago,  County 
of  Cook,  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  George  Barclay,  of 
Englewood,  County  of  Cook,  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  second  part  — 

WITNESSETH,  that  Said  George  Barclay  agrees  faithfully  and  dili- 
gentl}'-  to  work  as  clerk  and  salesman  for  the  said  Reuben  Stone,  for 
and  during  the  space  of  one  year  from  the  date  hereof,  should  both 
live  such  length  of  time,  without  absenting  himself  from  his  occupation ; 


176  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

during  which  time  he,  the  said  Barclay,  in  the  store  of  said  Stone,  of 
Chicago,  will  carefully  and  honestly  attend,  doing  and  performing  all 
duties  as  clerk  and  salesman  aforesaid,  in  accordance  and  in  all  respects 
as  directed  and  desired  by  the  said  Stone. 

In  consideration  of  which  services,  so  to  be  rendered  by  the  said 
Barclay,  the  said  Stone  agrees  to  pay  to  said  Barclay  the  annual  sum  of 
one  thousand  dollars,  payable  in  twelve  equal  monthly  payments,  each 
upon  the  last  day  of  each  month  ;  provided  that  all  dues  for  days  of 
absence  from  business  by  said  Barclay,  shall  be  deducted  from  the  sum 
otherwise  by  the  agreement  due  and  payable  by  the  said  Stone  to  the  said 
Barclay. 

Witness  our  hands.  Reuben  Stone. 

George  Barclay. 

BILLS  OF  SALE. 

A  bill  of  sale  is  a  written  agreement  to  another  party,  for  a  consider- 
ation to  convey  his  right  and  interest  in  the  personal  property.  The 
purchaser  must  take  actual  possession  of  the  property.  Juries  have 
power  to  determine  upon  the  fairness  or  unfairness  of  a  bill  of  sale. 

COMMON  FORM  OF  BILL  OF  SALE. 

Know  all  Men  by  this  instrument,  that  I,  Louis  Clay,  of  Princeton, 
Illinois,  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration  of  Five  Hundred 
and  Ten  dollars,  to  me  paid  by  John  Floyd,  of  the  same  place,  of  the 
second  part,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged,  have  sold,  and 
by  this  instrument  do  convey  unto  the  said  Floyd,  party  of  the  second 
part,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns,  my  undivided  half  of 
ten  acres  of  corn,  now  growing  on  the  farm  of  Thomas  Tyrrell,  in  the 
town  above  mentioned ;  one  pair  of  horses,  sixteen  sheep,  and  five  cows, 
belonging  to  me,  and  in  my  possession  at  the  farm  aforesaid ;  to  have  and 
to  hold  the  same  unto  the  party  of  the  second  part,  his  executors  and 
assigns,  forever.  And  I  do,  for  myself  and  legal  representatives,  agree 
with  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  and  his  legal  representatives,  to 
warrant  and  defend  the  sale  of  the  afore-mentioned  property  and  chattels 
unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  and  his  legal  representatives, 
against  all  and  every  person  whatsoever. 

In  witness  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  affixed  my  hand,  this  tenth  day 
of  October,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-six. 

Louis  Clay. 

BONDS. 

/         A  bond  is  a  written  admission  on  the  part  of  the  maker  in  which  he 
pledges  a  certain  sum  to  another,  at  a  certain  time. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

^  COMMON  FORM  OF  BOND. 

Know  all  Men  by  this  instrument,  that  I,  George  Edgerton,  of 
Watseka,  Irocxuois  County,  State  of  Illinois,  am  firmly  bound  unto  Peter 
Kirchoff,  of  the  place  aforesaid,  in  the  sum  of  five  hundred  dollars,  to  be 
paid  to  the  said  Peter  Kirchoff,  or  his  legal  representatives ;  to  which 
payment,  to  be  made,  I  bind  myself,  or  my  legal  representatives,  by  this 
instrument. 

Sealed  with  my  seal,  and  dated  this  second  day  of  November,  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixtj^-four. 

The  condition  of  this  bond  is  such  that  if  I,  George  Edgerton,  my 
heirs,  administrators,  or  executors,  shall  promptly  pay  the  sum  of  two 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars  in  three  equal  annual  payments  from  the  date 
hereof,  with  annual  interest,  then  the  above  obligation  to  be  of  no  effect ; 
otherwise  to  be  in  full  force  and  valid. 
Sealed  and  delivered  in 

presence  of  George  Edgerton.     [l.s.] 

William   Turner. 

CHATTEL   MORTGAGES. 

A  chattel  mortgage  is  a  mortgage  on  personal  property  for  payment 
of  a  certain  sum  of  money,  to  hold  the  property  against  debts  of  other 
creditors.  The  mortgage  must  describe  the  property,  and  must  be 
acknowledged  before  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  the  township  or  precinct 
where  the  mortgagee  resides,  and  entered  upon  his  docket,  and  must  be 
recorded  in  the  recorder's  office  of  the  county. 

GENERAL  FORM  OF  CHATTEL  MORTGAGE. 

This  Indenture,  made  and  entered  into  this  first  day  of  January, 
in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-five, 
between  Theodore  Lottinville,  of  the  town  of  Geneseo  in  the  County 
of  Henry,  and  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  Paul  Henshaw, 
of  the  same  town,  couuty,  and  State,  part}^  of  the  second  part. 

Witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consider- 
ation of  the  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars,  in  hand  paid,  the  receipt  whereof 
is  hereby  acknowledged,  does  hereby  grant,  sell,  convey,  and  confirm  unto 
the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever,  all  and 
singular  the  following  described  goods  and  chattels,  to  wit : 

Two  three-year  old  roan-colored  horses,  one  Burdett  organ.  No.  987, 
one  Brussels  carpet,  15x20  feet  in  size,  one  marble-top  center  table,  one 
Home  Comfort  cooking  stove,  No.  8,  one  black  walnut  bureau  with  mirror 
attached,  one  set  of  parlor  chairs  (six  in  number),  upholstered  in  green 
rep,  wiih  lounge  corresponding  with  same  in  style  and  color  of  upholstery, 
now  in  possession  of  said  Lottinville,  at  No.  4  Prairie  Ave.,  Geneseo,  111.; 


178  ABSTRACT  OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

Together  with  all  and  singular,  the  appurtenances  thereunto  "belong- 
ing, or  in  any  wise  appertaining ;  to  have  and  to  hold  the  above  described 
goods  and  chattels,  unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and 
assigns,  forever. 

Provided,  always,  and  these  presents  are  upon  this  express  condition, 
that  if  the  said  Theodore  Lottinville,  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators, 
or  assigns,  shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  January,  A.D.,  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  seventy-six,  pay,  or  cause  to  be  paid,  to  the  said  Paul 
Ranslow,  or  his  lawful  attorney  or  attorneys,  heirs,  executors,  adminis- 
trators, or  assigns,  the  sum  of  One  Thousand  dollars,  together  with  the 
interest  that  may  accrue  thereon,  at  the  rate  of  ten  per  cent,  per  annum, 
from  the  first  day  of  January,  A.D.  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
seventy-five,  until  paid,  according  to  the  tenor  of  one  promissory  note 
bearing  even  date  herewith  for  the  payment  of  said  sum  of  money,  that 
then  and  from  thenceforth,  these  presents,  and  everything  herein  con- 
tained, shall  cease,  and  be  null  and  void,  anything  herein  contained  to  the 
contrary  notwithstanding. 

Provided,  also,  that  the  said  Theodore  Lottinville  may  retain  the 
possession  of  and  have  the  use  of  said  goods  and  chattels  until  the  day 
of  payment  aforesaid  ;  and  also,  at  his  own  expense,  shall  keep  said  goods 
and  chattels ;  and  also  at  the  expiration  of  said  time  of  payment,  if  said 
sum  of  money,  together  with  the  interest  as  aforesaid,  shall  not  be  paid, 
shall  deliver  up  said  goods  and  chattels,  in  good  condition,  to  said  Paul 
Ranslow,  or  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators,  or  assigns. 

And  provided,  also,  that  if  default  in  payment  as  aforesaid,  by  said 
party  of  the  first  part,  shall  be  made,  or  if  said  party  of  the  second  part 
shall  at  any  time  before  said  promissory  note  becomes  due,  feel  himself 
unsafe  or  insecure,  that  then  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  or  his 
attorney,  agent,  assigns,  or  heirs,  executors,  or  administrators,  shall  have 
the  right  to  take  possession  of  said  goods  and  chattels,  v/herever  they 
may  or  can  be  found,  and  sell  the  same  at  public  or  private  sale,  to  the 
highest  bidder  for  cash  in  hand,  after  giving  ten  days'  notice  of  the  time 
and  place  of  said  sale,  together  with  a  description  of  the  goods  and  chat- 
tels to  be  sold,  by  at  least  four  advertisements,  posted  up  in  public  places 
in  the  vicinity  where  said  sale  is  to  take  place,  and  proceed  to  make  the 
sum  of  money  and  interest  promised  as  aforesaid,  together  with  all. reason- 
able costs,  charges,  and  expenses  in  so  doing  ;  and  if  there  shall  be  any 
overplus,  shall  pay  the  same  without  delay  to  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part,  or  his  legal  representatives. 

In  testimony  whereof,  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  has  hereunto 
set  his  hand  and  affixed  his  seal,  the  day  and  year  first  above  written. 
Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  in 

presence  of  Theodore  Lottiistville.     [l.s.] 

Samuel  J.  Tilden. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  179 


LEASE  OF  FARM  AND   BUILDINGS  THEREON. 

This  Indenture,  made  this  second  day  of  June,  1875,  between  David 
Patton  of  the  Town  of  Bisbee,  State  of  Illinois,  of  the  first  part,  and  John 
Doyle  of  the  same  place,  of  the  second  part, 

Witnesseth,  that  the  said  David  Patton,  for  and  in  consideration  of 
the  covenants  hereinafter  mentioned  and  reserved,  on  the  part  of  the  said 
John  Doyle,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns,  to  be  paid,  kept, 
and  performed,  hath  let,  and  by  these  presents  doth  grant,  demise,  and 
let,  unto  the  said  John  Doyle,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns, 
all  that  parcel  of  land  situate  in  Bisbee  aforesaid,  bounded  and  described 
as  follows,  to  wit : 

[^Here  describe  the  land.~\ 

Together  with  all  the  appurtenances  appertaining  thereto.  To  have 
and  to  hold  the  said  premises,  with  appurtenances  thereto  belonging,  unto 
the  said  Doyle,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns,  for  the  term  of 
five  years,  from  the  first  day  of  October  next  following,  at  a  yearly  rent 
of  Six  Hundred  dollars,  to  be  paid  in  equal  payments,  semi-annually,  as 
long  as  said  buildings  are  in  good  tenantable  condition. 

And  the  said  Doyle,  by  these  presents,  covenants  and  agrees  to  pay 
all  taxes  and  assessments,  and  keep  in  repair  all  hedges,  ditches,  rail,  and 
other  fences ;  (the  said  David  Patton,  his  heirs,  assigns  and  administra- 
tors, to  furnish  all  timber,  brick,  tile,  and  other  materials  necessary  for 
such  repairs.) 

Said  Doyle  further  covenants  and  agrees  to  apply  to  said  land,  in  a 
farmer-like  manner,  all  manure  and  compost  accumulating  upon  said 
farm,  and  cultivate  all  the  arable  land  in  a  husbandlike  manner,  accord- 
ing to  the  usual  custom  among  farmers  in  the  neighborhood ;  he  also 
agrees  to  trim  the  hedges  at  a  seasonable  time,  preventing  injury  from 
cattle  to  such  hedges,  and  to  all  fruit  and  other  trees  on  the  said  premises. 
That  he  will  seed  down  with  clover  and  timothy  seed  twenty  acres  yearly 
of  arable  land,  ploughing  the  same  number  of  acres  each  Spring  of  land 
now  in  grass,  and  hitherto  unbroken. 

It  is  further  agreed,  that  if  the  said  Doyle  shall  fail  to  perform  the 
whole  or  any  one  of  the  above  mentioned  covenants,  then  and  in  that 
case  the  said  David  Patton  may  declare  this  lease  terminated,  by  giving 
three  months'  notice  of  the  same,  prior  to  the  first  of  October  of  any 
year,  and  may  distrain  any  part  of  the  stock,  goods,  or  chattels,  or  other 
property  in  possession  of  said  Doyle,  for  sufficient  to  compensate  for  the 
non-performance  of  the  above  written  covenants,  the  same  to  be  deter- 
mined, and  amounts  so  to  be  paid  to  be  determined,  by  three  arbitrators, 
chosen  as  follows :  Each  of  the  parties  to  this  instrument  to  choose  one, 


180  ABSTRACT  OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

and  the  two  so  chosen  to  select  a  third  ;    the  decision  of  said  arbitrators 
to  be  final. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  have  hereto  set  our  hands  and  seals. 
Signed,  sealed,  and  delivered 

in  presence  of  David  Patton.     [l.s.] 

James  Waldron.  John  Doyle.         [l.s.] 

FORM  OF  LEASE  OF  A  HOUSE. 

This  Instrument,  made  the  first  day  of  October,  1875,  witnesseth 
that  Amos  Griest  of  Yorkville,  County  of  Kendall,  State  of  Illinois,  hath 
rented  from  Aaron  Young  of  Logansport  aforesaid,  the  dwelling  and  lot 
No.  13  Ohio  Street,  situated  in  said  City  of  Yorkville,  for  five  years 
from  the  above  date,  at  the  yearly  rental  of  Three  Hundred  dollars,  pay- 
able monthly,  on  the  first  day  of  each  month,  in  advance,  at  the  residence 
of  said  Aaron  Young. 

At  the  expiration  of  said  above  mentioned  term,  the  said  Griest 
agrees  to  give  the  said  Young  peaceable  possession  of  the  said  dwelling, 
in  as  good  condition  as  when  taken,  ordinary  wear  and  casualties  excepted. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  place  our  hands  and  seals  the  day  and  year 
aforesaid. 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  Amos  Griest.     [l.s.] 

in  presence  of 

Nickolas  Schutz,  Aaron  Young,   [l.s.] 

Notary  Public. 

LANDLORD'S  AGREEMENT. 

This  certifies  that  I  have  let  and  rented,  this  first  day  of  January, 
1876,  unto  Jacob  Schmidt,  my  house  and  lot,  No.  15  Erie  Street,  in  the 
City  of  Chicago,  State  of  Illinois,  and  its  appurtenances ;  he  to  have  the 
free  and  uninterrupted  occupation  thereof  for  one  year  from  this  date,  at 
the  yearly  rental  of  Two  Hundred  dollars,  to  be  paid  monthly  in  advance  ; 
rent  to  cease  if  destroyed  by  fire,  or  otherwise  made  untenantable. 

Peter  Funk. 
TENANT'S  AGREEMENT. 

This  certifies  that  I  have  hired  and  taken  from  Peter  Funk,  his 
house  and  lot.  No.  15  Erie  Street,  in  the  City  of  Chicago,  State  of  Illi- 
nois, with  appurtenances  thereto  belonging,  for  one  year,  to  commence 
this  day,  at  a  yearly  rental  of  Two  Hundred  dollars,  to  be  paid  monthly 
in  advance  ;  unless  said  house  becomes  untenantable  from  fire  or  other 
causes,  in  which  case  rent  ceases ;  and  I  further  agree  to  give  and  yield 
said  premises  one  year  from  this  first  day  of  January  1876,  in  as  good 
condition  as  now,  ordinary  wear  and  damage  by  the  elements  excepted. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  day.  Jacob  Schmidt. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE  LAWS.  181 

NOTICE  TO  OUIT. 

To  F.  W.  Aelen, 

Sir :  Please  observe  that  the  term  of  one  year,  for  which  the  house 
and  land,  situated  at  No.  6  Indiana  Street,  and  now  occupied  by  you, 
were  rented  to  you,  expired  on  the  first  day  of  October,  1875,  and  as  1 
desire  to  repossess  said  premises,  you  are  hereby  requested  and  required 

to  vacate  the  same.  RespectfuUv  Yours, 

P.  T.  Baknum. 
Lincoln,  Neb.,  October  4,  1875. 

TENANT'S  NOTICE  OF  LEAVING. 

Dear  Sir: 

The  premises  I  now  occupy  as  your  tenant,  at  No.  6  Indiana  Street, 
I  shall  vacate  on  the  first  day  of  November,  1875.  You  will  please  take 
notice  accordingly. 

Dated  this  tenth  day  of  October,  1875.  F.  W.  Arlen. 

To  P.  T.  Barnum,  Esq. 

REAL  ESTATE  MORTGAGE  TO  SECURE  PAYMENT  OF  MONEY. 

This  Indenture,  made  this  sixteenth  day  of  May,  in  the  year  of 
our  Lord,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-two,  between  William 
Stocker,  of  Peoria,  County  of  Peoria,  and  State  of  Illinois,  and  Olla,  his 
wife,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  Edward  Singer,  party  of  the  second  part. 

Whereas,  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  is  justly  indebted  to  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  in  the  sum  of  Two  Thousand  dollars,  secured 
to  be  paid  by  two  certain  promissory  notes  (bearing  even  date  herewith) 
the  one  due  and  payable  at  the  Second  National  Bank  in  Peoria,  Illinois, 
with  interest,  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  May,  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight 
hundred  and  seventy-three  ;  the  other  due  and  payable  at  the  Second 
National  Bank  at  Peoria,  111.,  with  interest,  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  May, 
in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventj^-four. 

Now,  therefore,  this  indenture  witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the 
first  part,  for  the  better  securing  the  payment  of  the  money  aforesaid, 
with  interest  thereon,  according  to  the  tenor  and  effect  of  the  said  two 
promissory  notes  above  mentioned ;  and,  also  in  consideration  of  the  fur- 
ther sum  of  one  dollar  to  them  in  hand  paid  by  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part,  at  the  delivery  of  these  presents,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby 
acknowledged,  have  granted,  bargained,  sold,  and  conveyed,  and  by  these 
presents  do  grant,  bargain,  sell,  and  convey,  unto  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  all  that  certain  parcel  of  land, 

situate,  etc. 

{^Describing  the  premises.'\ 
To  have  and  to  hold  the   same,  together  with  all  and  singular  the 
Tenements,   Hereditaments,    Privileges    and    Appurtenances    thereunto 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

belonging  or  in  any  wise  appertaining.  And  also,  all  the  estate,  interest, 
and  claim  whatsoever,  in  law  as  well  as  in  equity  which  the  party  of 
the  first  part  have  in  and  to  the  premises  hereby  conveyed  unto  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  and  to  their  only  proper 
use,  benefit  and  behoof.  And  the  said  William  Stocker,  and  011a,  his 
wife,  party  of  the  first  part,  hereby  expressly  waive,  relinquish,  release,, 
and  convey  unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs,  executors, 
administrators,  and  assigns,  all  right,  title,  claim,  interest,  and  benefit 
whatever,  in  and  to  the  above  described  premises,  and  each  and  every 
part  thereof,  which  is  given  by  or  results  from  all  laws  of  this  state  per- 
taining  to  the  exemption  of  homesteads. 

Provided  always,  and  these  presents  are  upon  this  express  condition, 
that  if  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  their  heirs,  executors,  or  adminis- 
trators, shall  well  and  truly  pay,  or  cause  to  be  paid,  to  the  said  party  of 
the  second  part,  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators,  or  assigns,  the  afore- 
said sums  of  money,  with  such  interest  thereon,  at  the  time  and  in  the 
manner  specified  in  the  above  mentioned  promissory  notes,  according  to 
the  true  intent  and  meaning  thereof,  then  in  that  case,  these  presents  and 
every  thing  herein  expressed,  shall  be  absolutely  null  and  void. 

In  witness  whereof,  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  hereunto  set  their 
hands  and  seals  the  day  and  year  first  above  written. 
Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  in  presence  of 

James  Whitehead,  William  Stocker.     [l.s.] 

Fred.  Samuels.  Olla  Stocker.  [l.s.] 

WARRANTY  DEED  WITH  COVENANTS. 

This  Indenture,  made  this  sixth  day  of  April,  in  the  year  of  oui 
Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-two,  between  Henry  Best 
of  Lawrence,  County  of  Lawrence,  State  of  Illinois,  and  Belle,  his  wife, 
of  the  first  part,  and  Charles  Pearson  of  the  same  place,  of  the  second  part. 

Witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration 
of  the  sum  of  Six  Thousand  dollars  in  hand  paid  by  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged,  have  granted, 
bargained,  and  sold,  and  by  these  presents  do  grant,  bargain,  and  sell, 
unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  all  the  fol- 
lowing described  Iot;,  piece,  or  parcel  of  land,  situated  in  the  City  of  Law- 
rence, in  the  County  of  Lawrence,  and  State  of  Illinois,  to  wit : 
\_Here   describe  the  property.~\ 

Together  with  all  and  singular  the  hereditaments  and  appurtenances 
thereunto  belonging  or  in  any  wise  appertaining,  and  the  reversion  and 
reversions,  remainder  and  remainders,  rents,  issues,  and  profits  thereof; 
and  all  the  estate,  rignt,  title,  interest,  claim,  and  demand  whatsoever,  of 
the  said  party  of  the  nrst  part,  either  in  law  or  equity,  of,  in,  and  to  the 


'~^- 


/ 


r 


EDiTOF?  JOURNAL,  ROCKFORD 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  185 

above  bargained  premises,  with  the  hereditaments  and  appurtenances. 
To  have  and  to  hold  the  said  premises  above  bargained  and  described, 
with  the  appurtenances,  unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs 
and  assigns,  forever.  And  the  said  Henry  Best,  and  Belle,  his  wife,  par- 
ties of  the  first  part,  hereby  expressly  waive,  release,  and  relinquish  unto 
the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators,  and 
assigns,  all  right,  title,  claim,  interest,  and  benefit  whatever,  in  and  to  the 
above  described  premises,  and  each  and  every  part  thereof,  which  is  given 
by  or  results  from  all  laws  of  this  state  pertaining  to  the  exemption  of 
homesteads. 

And  the  said  Henry  Best,  and  Belle,  his  wife,  party  of  the  first 
part,  for  themselves  and  their  heirs,  executors,  and  administrators,  do 
covenant,  grant,  bargain,  and  agree,  to  and  with  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  that  at  the  time  of  the  ensealing  and 
deliver}^  of  these  presents  they  were  well  seized  of  the  premises  above 
conveyed,  as  of  a  good,  sure,  perfect,  absolute,  and  indefeasible  estate  of 
inheritance  in  law,  and  in  fee  simple,  and  have  good  right,  full  power, 
and'  lawful  authority  to  grant,  bargain,  sell,  and  convey  the  same,  in 
manner  and  form  aforesaid,  and  that  the  same  are  free  and  clear  from  all 
former  and  other  grants,  bargains,  sales,  liens,  taxes,  assessments,  and 
encumbrances  of  what  kind  or  nature  soever ;  and  the  above  bargained 
premises  in  the  quiet  and  peaceable  possession  of  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  against  all  and  every  person  or  persons 
lawfully  claiming  or  to  claim  the  whole  or  any  part  thereof,  the  said  party 
of  the  first  part  shall  and  will  warrant  and  forever  defend. 

In  testimony  whereof,  the  said  parties  of  the  first  part  have  hereunto 
set  their  hands  and  seals  the  day  and  year  first  above  written. 
Signed,  sealed  and  delivered 

in  presence  of  Henry  Best,     [l.s.] 

Jerry  Linklater.  Belle  Best.      [l.s.] 

QUIT-CLAIM  DEED. 

This  Indenture,  made  the  eighth  day  of  June,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-four,  between  David  Tour, 
of  Piano,  County  of  Kendall,  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  first  part, 
and  Larry  O'Brien,  of  the  same  place,  party  of  the  second  part, 

Witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  considera- 
tion of  Nine  Hundred  dollars  in  hand  paid  by  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged,  and  the  said  party 
of  the  second  part  forever  released  and  discharged  therefrom,  has  remised, 
released,  sold,  conveyed,  and  quit-claimed,  and  by  these  presents,  does 
remise,  release,  sell,  convey,  and  quit-claim,  unto  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  all  the  right,  title,  interest, 


186  ABSTRACT  OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

claim,  and  demand,  which  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  has  in  and  to 
the  following  described  lot,  piece,  or  parcel  of  land,  to  wit : 

[^Here  describe  the  land.^ 
To  have  and  to  hold  the  same,  together  with  all  and  singular  the 
appurtenances  and  privileges  thereunto  belonging,  or  in  any  wise  there- 
unto appertaining,  and  all  the  estate,  right,  title,  interest,  and  claim 
whatever,  of  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  either  in  law  or  equity,  to 
the  only  proper  use,  benefit,  and  behoof  of  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part,  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever. 

In  witness  whereof  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  hereunto  set  his 
hand  and  seal  the  day  and  year  above  written. 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  David  Tour,     [l.s.] 

in  presence  of 
Thomas  Ashley. 

The  above  forms  of  Deeds  and  Mortgage  are  such  as  have  heretofore 
been  generally  used,  but  the  following  are  much  shorter,  and  are  made 
equally  valid  by  the  laws  of  this  state. 

WARRANTY  DEED. 

The  grantor  (here  insert  name  or  names  and  place  of  residence),  for 
and  in  consideration  of  (here  insert  consideration)  in  hand  paid,  conveys 
and  warrants  to  (here  insert  the  grantee's  name  or  names)  the  following 
described  real  estate  (here  insert  description),  situated  in  the  County  of 
in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

Dated  this day  of A.  D.  18 . 

QUIT  CLAIM  DEED. 

The  grantor  (here  insert  grantor's  name  or  names  and  place  of  resi- 
dence), for  the  consideration  of  (here  insert  consideration)  convey  and 
quit-claim  to  (here  insert  grantee's  name  or  names)  all  interest  in  the 
following  described  real  estate  (here  insert  description),  situated  in  the 
County  of  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

Dated  this day  of  A.  D.  18 . 

MORTGAGE. 

The  mortgagor  (here  insert  name  or  names)  mortgages  and  warrants 
to  (here  insert  name  or  names  of  mortgagee  or  mortgagees),  to  secure  the 
payment  of  (here  recite  the  nature  and  amount  of  indebtedness,  showing 
when  due  and  the  rate  of  interest,  and  whether  secured  by  note  or  other- 
wise), the  following  described  real  estate  (here  insert  description  thereof), 
situated  in  the  County  of in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

Dated  this day  of A.  D.  18 . 

RELEASE. 

Know  all  Men  by  these  presents,  that  I,  Peter  Ahlund,  of  Chicago, 
of  the  County  of  Cook,  and  State  of  Illinois,  for  and  in  consideration  of 
One  dollar,  to  me  in  hand  paid,  and  for  other  good  and  valuable  considera- 


ABSTRACT  OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 


187 


tions,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  confessed,  do  hereby  grant,  bargain, 
remise,  convey,  release,  and  quit-claim  unto  Joseph  Carlin  of  Chicago, 
of  the  County  of  Cook,  and  State  of  Illinois,  all  the  right,  title,  interest, 
claim,  or  demand  whatsoever,  I  may  have  acquired  in,  through,  or  by  a 
certain  Indenture  or  Mortgage  Deed,  bearing  date  the  second  day  of  Jan- 
uary, A.  D.  1871,  and  recorded  in  the  Recorder's  office  of  said  county, 
in  book  A  of  Deeds,  page  46,  to  the  premises  therein  described,  and  which 
said  Deed  was  made  to  secure  one  certain  promissory  note,  bearing  even 
date  with  said  deed,  for  the  sum  of  Three  Hundred  dollars. 

Witness  my  hand  and  seal,  this  second  day  of  November,  A.  D.  1874. 

Peter  Ahlund.     [l.s.] 
State  of  Illinois,      ) 
Cook  County.        )      *  I,   George  Saxton,  a  Notary  Public  in 

and  for  said  county,  in  the  state  aforesaid,  do  hereby 
certify  that  Peter  Ahlund,  personally  known  to  me 
as  the  same  person  whose  name  is  subscribed  to  the 
foregoing  Release,  appeared  before  me  this  day  in 
[  ^°skaI^^  ]  person,  and  acknowledged  that  he  signed,  sealed,  and 

delivered  the  said  instrument  of  writing  as  his  free 
and  voluntary  act,  for  the  uses  and  purposes  therein 
set  forth. 

Given  under  my  hand  and  seal,  this  second  day  of 
November,  A.  D.  1874. 

George  Saxton,  N.  P. 


GENERAL  FORM  OF  WILL  FOR  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PROPERTY. 

I,  Charles  Mansfield,  of  the  Town  of  Salem,  County  of  Jackson, 
State  of  Illinois,  being  aware  of  the  uncertainty  of  life,  and  in  failing 
health,  but  of  sound  mind  and  memory,  do  make  and  declare  this  to  be 
my  last  will  and  testament,  in  manner  following,  to  wit: 

First.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  unto  my  oldest  son,  Sidney  H. 
Mansfield,  the  sum  of  Two  Thousand  Dollars,  of  bank  stock,  now  in  the 
Third  National  Bank  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  the  farm  owned  by  myself 
in  the  Town  of  Buskirk,  consisting  of  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres,  with 
all  the  houses,  tenements,  and  improvements  thereunto  belonging ;  to 
have  and  to  hold  unto  my  said  son,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever. 

Second.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  to  each  of  my  daughters,  Anna 
Louise  Mansfield  and  Ida  Clara  Mansfield,  each  Two  Thousand  dollars  in 
bank  stock,  in  the  Third  National  Bank  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  also  each 
one  quarter  section  of  land,  owned  by  myself,  situated  in  the  Town  of 
Lake,  Illinois,  and  recorded  in  my  name  in  the  Recorder's  office  in  the 
county  where  such  land  is  located.  The  north  one  hundred  and  sixty 
acres  of  said  half  section  is  devised  to  my  eldest  daughter,  Anna  Louise. 


188  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

Third.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  to  my  son,  Frank  Alfred  Mans- 
field, Five  shares  of  Railroad  stock  in  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad, 
and  my  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land  and  saw  mill  thereon,  situ- 
ated in  Manistee,  Michigan,  with  all  the  improvements  and  appurtenances 
thereunto  belonging,  which  said  real  estate  is  recorded  in  my  name  in  the 
county  where  situated. 

Fourth.  I  give  to  my  wife,  Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield,  all  my 
household  furniture,  goods,  chattels,  and  personal  property,  about  my 
home,  not  hitherto  disposed  of,  including  Eight  Thousand  dollars  of  bank 
stock  in  the  Third  National  Bank  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  Fifteen  shares  in 
the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  and  the  free  and  unrestricted  use,  pos- 
session, and  benefit  of  the  home  farm,  so  long  as  she  may  live,  in  lieu  of 
dower,  to  which  she  is  entitled  by  law ;  said  farm  being  my  present  place 
of  residence. 

Fifth.  I  bequeath  to  my  invalid  father,  Elijah  H.  Mansfield,  the 
income  from  rents  of  my  store  building  at  145  Jackson  Street,  Chicago, 
Illinois,  during  the  term  of  his  natural  life.  Said  building  and  land  there- 
with to  revert  to  my  said  sons  and  daughters  in  equal  proportion,  upon 
the  demise  of  my  said  father. 

Sixth.  It  is  also  my  will  and  desire  that,  at  the  death  of  my  wife, 
Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield,  or  at  any  time  when  she  may  arrange  to 
relinquish  her  life  interest  in  the  above  mentioned  homestead,  the  same 
may  revert  to  my  above  named  children,  or  to  the  lawful  heirs  of  each. 

And  lastly.  I  nominate  and  appoint  as  executors  of  this  ray  last  will 
and  testament,  my  wife,  Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield,  and  my  eldest  son, 
Sidney  H.  Mansfield. 

I  further  direct  that  my  debts  and  necessary  funeral  expenses  shaxl 
be  paid  from  moneys  now  on  deposit  in  the  Savings  Bank  of  Salem,  the 
residue  of  such  moneys  to  revert  to  my  wife,  Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield, 
for  her  use  forever. 

In  witness  whereof,  I,  Charles  Mansfield,  to  this  my  last  will  and 
testament,  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal,  this  fourth  day  of  April, 
eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-two. 

Signed,  sealed,  and  declared  by  Charles 

Mansfield,  as  and  for  his  last  will  and 

testament,  in  the  presence  of  us,  who, 

at  his  request,  and  in  his  presence,  and 

in  the  presence  of  each  other,  have  sub-  > 

scribed  our  names  hereunto  as  witnesses 

thereof. 
Peter  A.  Schenck,  Sycamore,  Ills. 
Frank  E.  Dent,  Salem,  Ills. 


Cblarles  Mansfield,  [l.s.] 


Charles  Mansfield,  [l.s.] 


ABSTRACT  OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  18'J 

CODICIL. 

Whereas  I,  Charles  Mansfield,  did,  on  the  fourth  day  of  April,  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-two,  make  my  last  will  and  testa- 
ment, I  do  now,  by  this  writing,  add  this  codicil  to  my  said  will,  to  be 
taken  as  a  part  thereof. 

Whereas,  by  the  dispensation  of  Providence,  my  daughter,  Anna 
Louise,  has  deceased  November  fifth,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-three, 
and  whereas,  a  son  has  been  born  to  me,  which  son  is  now  christened 
Richard  Albert  Mansfield,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  him  my  gold  watch, 
and  all  right,  interest,  and  title  in  lauds  and  bank  stock  and  chattels 
bequeathed  to  my  deceased  daughter,  Anna  Louise,  in  the  body  of  this  will. 

In  witness  whereof,  I  hereunto  place  my  hand  and  seal,  this  tenth 
day  of  March,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy -five. 

Signed,  sealed,  published,  and  declared  to"^ 

us  by  the  testator,  Charles  Mansfield,  as 

and  for  a  codicil  to  be  annexed  to  his 

last  will  and  testament.      And  we,  at 

his  request,  and  in  his  presence,  and  in 

the  presence  of  each  other,  have  sub- 
scribed our  names  as  witnesses  thereto, 

at  the  date  hereof. 
Frank  E.  Dent,  Salem,  Ills. 
John  C.  Shay,  Salem,  Ills. 

CHURCH    ORGANIZATIONS 

May  be  legally  made  by  electing  or  appointing^  according  to  the  usages 
or  customs  of  the  body  of  which  it  is  a  part,  at  any  meeting  held  for  that 
purpose,  two  or  more  of  its  members  as  trustees,  wardens  or  vestrymen,  and 
may  adopt  a  corporate  name.  The  chairman  or  secretary  of  such  meeting 
shall,  as  soon  as  possible,  make  and  file  in  the  office  of  the  recorder  of 
deeds  of  the  county,  an  affidavit  substantially  in  the  following  form : 

State  of  Illinois,  ) 
County 


> 


I.   ,   do    solemnly   swear    (or  affirm,   as   the    case   may  be), 

that  at  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  the  (here  insert  the  name  of  the 
church,  society  or  congregation  as  known   before  organization),  held  at 

(here  insert  place  of  meeting),   in  the   County  of ,  and  State  of 

Illinois,  on  the day  of  ,  A.D.  18 — ,  for  that  purpose,  the  fol- 
lowing persons  were  elected  (or  appointed)  [here  insert  their  names'] 
trustees,  wardens,  vestrymen,  (or  officers  by  whatever  name  thej^  may 
choose  to  adopt,  with  powers  similar  to  trustees)  according  to  the  rules 
and  usages  of  such  (church,  societ;y^  or  congTegation),  and  said 


190  ABSTRACT    OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

adopted  as  its  corporate  name  (here  insert  name),  and  at  said  meeting 
this  affiant  acted  as  (chairman  or  secretary,  as  the  case  may  be). 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me,  this day  of  ,  A.D. 

18—-  Name  of  Affiant 

which  affidavit  must  be  recorded  by  the  recorder,  and  shall  be,  or  a  certi- 
fied copy  made  by  the  recorder,  received  as  evidence  of  such  an  incorpo- 
ration. 

No  certificate  of  election  after  the  first  need  he  filed  for  record. 

The  term  of  office  of  the  trustees  and  the  general  government  of  the 
society  can  be  determined  by  the  rules  or  by-laws  adopted.  Failure  to 
elect  trustees  at  the  time  provided  does  not  work  a  dissolution,  but  the 
old  trustees  hold  over.  A  trustee  or  trustees  may  be  removed,  in  the 
same  manner  by  the  society  as  elections  are  held  by  a  meeting  called  for 
that  purpose.  The  property  of  the  society  vests  in  the  corporation.  The 
corporation  may  hold,  or  acquire  by  purchase  or  otherwise,  land  not 
exceeding  ten  acres,  for  the  purpose  of  the  society.  The  trustees  have 
the  care,  custody  and  control  of  the  property  of  the  corporation,  and  can, 
when  directed  b}^  the  society,  erect  houses  or  improvements,  and  repair 
and  alter  the  same,  and  may  also  when  so  directed  by  the  society, 
mortgage,  encumber,  sell  and  convey  any  real  or  personal  estate  belonging 
to  the  corporation,  and  make  all  proper  contracts  in  the  name  of  such 
corporation.  But  they  are  prohibited  by  law  from  encumbering  or  inter- 
fering with  any  property  so  as  to  destroy  the  effect  of  any  gift,  grant, 
devise  or  bequest  to  the  corporation ;  but  such  gifts,  grants,  devises  oi 
bequests,  must  in  all  cases  be  used  so  as  to  carry  out  the  object  intended 
by  the  persons  making  the  same.  Existing  societies  may  organize  in  the 
manner  herein  set  forth,  and  have  all  the  advantages  thereof. 

SUGGESTIONS  TO  THOSE  PURCHASING  BOOKS  BY  SUBSCRIPTION. 

The  business  of  publishing  books  by  subscription  having  so  often  been 
brought  into  disrepute  by  agents  making  representations  and  declarations 
not  authorized  by  the  publisher  ;  in  order  to  prevent  that  as  much  as  possi- 
ble, and  that  there  may  be  more  general  knowledge  of  the  relation  such 
agents  bear  to  their  principal,  and  the  law  governing  such  cases,  the  fol- 
lowing statement  is  made  : 

A  subscription  is  in  the  nature  of  a  contract  of  mutual  promises,  by 
which  the  subscriber  agrees  to  pay  a  certain  sum  for  the  work  described ; 
the  consideration  is  concurrent  that  the  publisher  shall  publish  the  booh 
named,  and  deliver  the  same,  for  which  the  subscriber  is  to  pay  the  price 
named.  ITie  nature  and  character  of  the  work  is  described  in  the  prospectus 
and  by  the  sample  shown.  These  should  be  carefully  examined  before  sub- 
scribing, as  they  are  the  basis  and  consideration  of  the  promise  to  pay, 


ABSTRACT    OF    I  ILLINOIS    STATE   LAW:?.  191 

and  not  the  too  often  exaggerated  statements  of  the  agent ^  who  is  merely 
employed  to  solicit  subscriptions,  for  which  he  is  usually  paid  a  commissio7i 
for  each  subscriber,  and  has  no  authority  to  change  or  alter  the  conditions 
upon  which  the  subscriptions  are  authorized  to  be  made  by  the  publisher. 
Should  the  agent  assume  to  agree  to  make  the  subscription  conditional  or 
modify  or  change  the  agreement  of  the  publisher,  as  set  out  by  prospectus 
and  sample,  in  order  to  bind  the  principal,  the  subscriber  should  see  that 
sucli  conditions  or  changes  are  stated  over  or  in  connection  with  his  signa- 
ture, so  that  the  publisher  may  have  notice  of  the  same. 

All  persons  making  contracts  in  reference  to  matters  of  this  kind,  or 
any  other  business,  should  remember  that  the  laiv  as  to  written  contracts  is, 
that  they  can  not  be  varied,  altered  or  i-escinded  verbally,  but  if  done  at  all, 
must  be  done  in  writing.  It  is  therefore  important  that  all  persons  contem- 
plating subscribing  should  distinctly  understand  that  all  talk  before  or  after 
the  subscription  is  made,  is  not  admissible  as  evidence,  and  is  no  part  of  the 
contract. 

Persons  employed  to  solicit  .subscriptions  are  known  to  the  trade  as 
canvassers.  They  are  agents  appointed  to  do  a  particular  business  in  a 
prescribed  mode,  and  have  no  authority  to  do  it  in  any  other  way  to  the 
prejudice  of  their  principal,  nor  can  they  bind  their  principal  in  any  other 
matter.  They  cannot  collect  money,  or  agree  that  payment  may  be  made 
in  anything  else  but  money.  They  can  not  extend  the  time  of  payment 
beyond  the  time  of  delivery,  nor  bind  their  principal  for  the  payment  of 
expenses  incurred  in  their  buisness. 

It  would  save  a  great  deal  of  trouble,  and  often  serious  loss,  if  persons, 
before  signing  their  names  to  any  subscription  book,  or  any  written  instru- 
ment, would  examine  carefully  what  it  is  ;  if  they  can  not  read  themselves, 
should  call  on  some  one  disinterested  who  can, 

6 


192  CONSTITUTION   OF   THE  UNITED  STATES 


CONSTITUTION    OF   THE    UNITED    STATES    OF   AMERICA 
AND  ITS  AMENDMENTS. 

We,  the  people  of  the  United  States,  in  order  to  form  a  more  perfect  union, 
establish  justice,  insure  domestic  tranquillity,  provide  for  the  common 
defense,  promote  the  general  welfare,  and  secure  the  blessings  of  liberty 
to  ourselves  and  our  posterity,  do  ordain  and  establish  this  Constitution 
for  the  United  States  of  America. 

Article  I. 

Section  1.  All  legislative  powers  herein  granted  shall  be  vested  in 
a  Congress  of  the  United  States,  which  shall  consist  of  a  Senate  and 
House  of  Representatives. 

Sec.  2.  The  House  of  Representatives  shall  be  composed  of  mem- 
bers chosen  every  second  year  by  the  people  of  the  several  states,  and  the 
electors  in  each  state  shall  have  the  qualifications  requisite  for  electors  of 
the  most  numerous  branch  of  the  State  Legislature. 

No  person  shall  be  a  representative  who  shall  not  have  attained  to  the 
age  of  twenty-five  years,  and  been  seven  years  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States,  and  who  shall  not,  when  elected,  be  an  inhabitant  of  that  state  in 
which  he  shall  be  chosen. 

Representatives  and  direct  taxes  shall  be  apportioned  among  the  sev- 
eral states  which  may  be  included  within  this  Union,  according  to  their 
respective  numbers,  which  shall  be  determined  by  adding  to  the  whole 
number  of  free  persons,  including  those  bound  to  service  for  a  term  of 
years,  and  excluding  Indians  not  taxed,  three-fifths  of  all  other  persons. 
The  actual  enumeration  shall  be  made  within  three  years  after  the  first 
meeting  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  and  within  every  subse- 
quent term  of  ten  years,  in  such  manner  as  they  shall  by  law  direct.  The 
number  of  Representatives  shall  not  exceed  one  for  every  thirty  thousand, 
but  each  state  shall  have  at  least  one  Representative  ;  and  until  such 
enumeration  shall  be  made  the  State  of  New  Hampshire  shall  be  entitled 
to  choose  three,  Massachusetts  eight,  Rhode  Island  and  Providence  Plan- 
tations one,  Connecticut  five.  New  York  six,  New  Jersey  four,  Pennsylva- 
nia eight,  Delaware  one,  Maryland  six,  Virginia  ten.  North  Carolina  five, 
and  Georgia  three. 

When  vacancies  happen  in  the  representation  from  any  state,  the 
Executive  authority  thereof  shall  issue  writs  of  election  to  fill  such 
vacancies. 

The  House  of  Representatives  shall  choose  their  Speaker  and  other 
officers,  and  shall  have  the  sole  power  of  impeachment. 

Sec.  3.  The  Senate  of  the  United  States  shall  be  composed  of  two 
Senators  from  each  state,  chosen  by  the  Legislature  thereof  for  six  years ; 
and  each  Senator  shall  have  one  vote. 

Immediately  after  they  shall  be  assembled  in  consequence  of  the  first 
election,  they  shall  be  divided  as  equally  as  may  be  into  three  classes. 
The  seats  of  the  Senators  of  the  first  class  shall  be  vacated  at  the  expira- 


AND   ITS   AMENDMENTS.  193 

tion  of  the  second  year,  of  the  second  class  at  the  expiration  of  the  fourth 
year,  and  of  the  third  class  at  the  expiration  of  the  sixth  year,  so  that 
one-third  may  be  chosen  every  second  year;  and  if  vacancies  happen  by 
resignation  or  otherwise,  during  the  recess  of  the  Legislature  of  any  state, 
the  Executive  thereof  may  make  temporary  appointments  until  the  next 
meeting  of  the  Legislature,  which  shall  then  fill  such  vacancies. 

No  person  shall  be  a  Senator  who  shall  not  have  attained  to  the  age 
of  thirty  years  and  been  nine  years  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and 
who  shall  not,  when  elected,  be  an  inhabitant  of  that  state  for  which  he 
shall  be  chosen. 

The  Vice-President  of  the  United  States  shall  be  President  of  the 
Senate,  but  shall  have  no  vote  unless  they  be  equally  divided. 

The  Senate  shall  choose  their  other  officers,  and  also  a  President  jot-o 
tempore,  in  the  absence  of  the  Vice-President,  or  when  he  shall  exercise 
the  office  of  President  of  the  United  States. 

The  Senate  shall  have  the  sole  power  to  try  all  impeachments.  When 
sitting  for  that  purpose  they  shall  be  on  oath  or  affirmation.  Vv'hen  the 
President  of  the  United  States  is  tried  the  Chief  Justice  shall  preside. 
And  no  person  shall  be  convicted  without  the  concurrence  of  two-thirds 
of  the  members  present. 

Judgment,  in  cases  of  impeachment,  shall  not  extend  further  than  to 
removal  from  office,  and  disqualification  to  hold  and  enjoy  any  office  of 
honor,  trust,  or  profit  under  the  United  States;  but  the  party  convicted 
shall  nevertheless  be  liable  and  subject  to  indictment,  trial,  judgment, 
and  punishment  according  to  law. 

Sec.  4.  The  times,  places  and  manner  of  holding  elections  for  Sen- 
ators and  Representatives  shall  be  prescribed  in  each  state  by  the  Legis- 
lature thereof;  but  the  Congress  may  at  any  time  hy  law  make  or  alter 
such  regulations,  except  as  to  the  places  of  choosing  Senators. 

The  Congress  shall  assemble  at  least  once  in  every  year,  and  such 
meeting  shall  be  on  the  first  Monday  in  December,  unless  they  shall  by 
law  appoint  a  different  day. 

Sec.  5.  Each  house  shall  be  the  judge  of  the  election,  returns,  and 
qualifications  of  its  own  members,  and  a  majority  of  each  shall  constitute 
a  quorum  to  do  business;  but  a  smaller  number  may  adjourn  from  day  to 
day,  and  may  be  authorized  to  compel  the  attendance  of  absent  members 
in  such  manner  and  under  such  penalties  as  each  house  may  provide. 

Each  house  may  determine  the  rules  of  its  proceedings,  punish  its' 
members  for  disorderly  behavior,  and,  with  the  concurrence  of  two-thirds, 
expel  a  member. 

Each  house  shall  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceedings,  and  from  time  to 
time  publish  the  same,  excepting  such  parts  as  may,  in  their  judgment, 
require  secrecy  ;  and  the  yeas  and  nays  of  the  members  of  either  house 
on  any  question  shall,  at  the  desire  of  one-fifth  of  those  present,  be  entered 
on  the  journal. 

Neither  house,  during  the  session  of  Congress,  shall,  without  the 
consent  of  the  other,  adjourn  for  more  than  three  da\'s,  nor  to  any  other 
place  than  that  in  which  the  two  houses  shall  be  sitting. 

Sec.  6.  The  Senators  and  Representatives  shall  receive  a  compen- 
sation for  their  services,  to  be  ascertained  by  law,  and  paid  out  of  the 
treasury  of  the  United  States.     They  shall  in  all  cases,  except  treason. 


194  CONSTITUTION  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES 

felony,  and  breach  of  the  peace,  be  privileged  from  arrest  during  their 
attendance  at  the  session  of  their  respective  houses,  and  in  going  to  and 
returning  from  the  same  ;  and  for  any  speech  or  debate  in  either  house 
they  shall  not  be  questioned  in  any  other  place. 

No  Senator  or  Representative  shall,  during  the  time  for  which  he  was 
elected,  be  appointed  to  any  civil  office  under  the  authority  of  the  United 
States,  which  shall  have  been  created,  or  the  emoluments  whereof  shall 
have  been  increased  during  such  time  ;  and  no  person  holding  any  office 
under  the  United  States,  shall  be  a  member  of  either  house  during  his 
continuance  in  office. 

Sec.  7.  All  bills  for  raising  revenue  shall  originate  in  the  House  of 
Representatives ;  but  the  Senate  may  propose  or  concur  with  amendments 
as  on  other  bills. 

Every  bill  which  shall  have  passed  the  House  of  Representatives  and 
the  Senate,  shall,  before  it  becomes  a  law,  be  presented  to  the  President 
(  -  the  United  States ;  if  he  approve  he  shall  sign  it ;  but  if  not  he  shall 
return  it,  with  his  objections,  to  that  house  in  which  it  shall  have  origi- 
nated, who  shall  enter  the  objections  at  large  on  their  journal,  and 
proceed  to  reconsider  it.  If,  after  such  reconsideration  two-thirds  of  that 
house  shall  agree  to  pass  the  bill,  it  shall  be  sent,  together  with  the  objec- 
tions, to  the  other  house,  by  which  it  shall  likewise  be  reconsidered,  and  if 
approved  by  two-thirds  of  that  house,  it  shall  become  a  law.  But  in  all 
such  cases  the  votes  of  both  houses  shall  be  determined  by  j  eas  and  nays, 
and  the  names  of  the  persons  voting  for  and  against  the  bill  shall  be  entered 
on  the  journal  of  each  house  respectively.  If  any  bill  shall  not  be  returned 
by  the  President  within  ten  days  (Sundays  excepted),  after  it  shall  have 
been  presented  to  him,  the  same  shall  be  a  law,  in  like  manner  as  if  he 
had  signed  it,  unless  the  Congress,  by  their  adjournment,  prevent  its 
return,  in  which  case  it  shall  not  be  a  law. 

Every  order,  resolution,  or  vote  to  which  the  concurrence  of  the 
Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  may  be  necessary  (except  on  a 
question  of  adjournment),  shall  be  presented  to  the  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  before  the  same  shall  take  effect  shall  be  approved  by 
him,  or,  being  disapproved  by  him,  shall  be  re-passed  by  two-thirds  of 
the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  according  to  the  rules  and  lim- 
itations prescribed  in  the  case  of  a  bill. 

Sec.  8.     The  Congress  shall  have  power — 

To  lay  and  collect  taxes,  duties,  imposts  and  excises,  to  pay  the  debts, 
and  provide  for  the  common  defense  and  general  welfare  of  the  United 
utates ;  but  all  duties,  imposts,  and  excises  shall  be  uniform  throughout 
the  United  States ; 

To  borrow  money  on  the  credit  of  the  United  States ; 

To  regulate  commerce  with  foreign  nations,  and  among  the  several 
Str.tes,  and  with  the  Indian  tribes ; 

To  establish  a  uniform  rule  of  naturalization,  and  uniform  laws  on 
the  subject  of  bankruptcies  throughout  the  United  States  ; 

To  coin  money,  regulate  the  value  thereof,  and  of  foreign  coin,  and 
fix  the  standard  of  weights  and  measures ; 

To  provide  for  the  punishment  of  counterfeiting  the  securities  and 
current  coin  of  the  United  States; 

To  establish  post  offices  and  post  roads ; 


t 


AND   ITS   AMENDMENTS.  195 

To  promote  the  progress  of  sciences  and  useful  arts,  by  securing, 
for  limited  times,  to  authors  and  inventors,  the  exclusive  right  to  their 
respective  writings  and  discoveries  ; 

To  constitute  tribunals  inferior  to  the  Supreme  Court ; 

To  define  and  punish  piracies  and  felonies  committed  on  the  high 
seas,  and  offenses  against  the  law  of  nations  ; 

To  declare  war,  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal,  and  make  rules 
concerning  captures  on  land  and  water ; 

To  raise  and  support  armies,  but  no  appropriation  of  money  to  that 
use  shall  be  for  a  longer  term  than  two  years ; 

To  provide  and  maintain  a  navy ; 

To  make  rules  for  the  government  and  regulation  of  the  land  and 
naval  forces ; 

To  provide  for  calling  forth  the  militia  to  execute  the  laws  of  the 
Union,  suppress  insurrections,  and  repel  invasions ; 

To  provide  for  organizing,  arming  and  disciplining  the  militia,  and 
for  governing  such  part  of  them  as  may  be  employed  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States,  reserving  to  the  states  respectively  the  appointment  of  the 
officers,  and  the  authorit}"  of  training  the  militia  according  to  the  disci- 
pline prescribed  by  Congress ; 

To  exercise  legislation  in  all  cases  whatsoever  over  such  district  (not 
exceeding  ten  miles  square)  as  may,  by  cession  of  particular  states,  and  the 
acceptance  of  Congress,  become  the  seat  of  the  government  of  the  United 
States,  and  to  exercise  like  authority  over  ail  places  purchased  by  the 
consent  of  the  Legislature  of  the  state  in  which  the  same  shall  be,  for 
the  erection  of  forts,  magazines,  arsenals,  dock  yards,  and  other  needful 
buildings ;  and 

To  make  all  laws  which  shall  be  necessary  and  proper  for  carrying 
into  execution  the  foregoing  powers,  and  all  other  powers  vested  by  this 
Constitution  in  the  government  of  the  United  States,  or  in  any  depart- 
ment or  officer  thereof. 

Sec.  9.  The  migration  or  importation  of  such  persons  as  any  of  the 
states  now  existing  shall  think  proper  to  admit,  shall  not  be  prohibited 
by  the  Congress  prior  to  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  eight, 
but  a  tax  or  duty  may  be  imposed  on  such  importation,  not  exceeding  ten 
dollars  for  each  person. 

The  privilege  of  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  shall  not  be  suspended, 
unless  when  in  cases  of  rebellion  or  invasion  the  public  safety  may 
require  it. 

No  bill  of  attainder  or  ex  post  facto  law  shall  be  passed. 

No  capitation  or  other  direct  tax  shall  be  laid,  unless  in  proportion 
to  the  census  or  enumeration  hereinbefore  directed  to  be  taken. 

No  tax  or  duty  shall  be  laid  on  articles  exported  from  any  state. 

No  preference  shall  be  given  by  any  regulation  of  commerce  or  rev- 
enue to  the  ports  of  one  state  over  those  of  another;  nor  shall  vessels 
bound  to  or  from  one  state  be  obliged  to  enter,  clear,  or  pay  duties  in 
another. 

No  money  shall  be  drawn  from  the  Treasury,  but  in  consequence  of 
appropriations  made  by  law ;  and  a  regular  statement  and  account  of 
the  receipts  and  expeditures  of  all  public  money  shall  be  published  from 
time  to  time. 


196  CONSTITUTION   OP  THE  UNITED   STATES 

No  title  of  nobility  shall  be  granted  by  the  United.  States :  and  no  >[ 
person  holding  any  office  of  profit  or  trust  under  them,  shall,  without  the  i 
consent  of  the  Congress,  accept  of  any  present,  emolument,  office,  or  title 
of  any  kind  whatever,  from  any  king,  prince,  or  foreign  state. 

Sec.  10.     No  state  shall  enter  into  any  treaty,  alliance,  or  confeder- 
ation ;  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal ;  coin  money ;  emit  bills  of  (j 
credit ;  make  anything  but  gold  and  silver  coin  a  tender  in  payment  of  |i 
debts ;  pass  any  bill  of  attainder,  ex  post  facto  law,  or  law  impairing  the 
obligation  of  contracts,  or  grant  any  title  of  nobility. 

No  state  shall,  without  the  consent  of  the  Congress,  lay  any  imposts 
or  duties  on  imports  or  exports,  except  what  may  be  absolutely  necessary 
for  executing  its  inspection  laws,  and  the  net  produce  of  all  duties  and  f 
imposts  laid  by  any  state  on  imports  or  exports,  shall  be  for  the  use  of  the  ^ 
Treasury  of  the  United  States ;  and  all  such  laws  shall  be  subject  to  the 
revision  and  control  of  the  Congress. 

No  state  shall,  without  the  consent   of    Congress,  lay  any  duty  on  a 

tonnage,  keep  troops  or  ships  of  war  in  time  of  peace,  enter  into  any  i 

agreement  or  compact  with  another  state,  or  with  a  foreign  power,  or  n 

engage  in  war,  unless  actually  invaded,  or  in  such  imminent  danger  as  will  '.f 

not  admit  of  delay. 

Article  II.  I 

2 
Section  1.     The  Executive  power  shall  be  vested  in  a  President  of  tp 

the  United  States  of  America.     He  shall  hold  his  office  during  the  term  i^ 

of  four  years,  and,  together  with  the  Vice-President  chosen  for  the  same  5' 

term,  be  elected  as  follows :  J 

Each  state  shall  appoint,  in  such  manner  as  the  Legislature  thereof 
may  direct,  a  number  of  Electors,  equal  to  the  whole  number  of  Senators  j, 
and  Representatives  to  which  the  state  may  be  entitled  in  the  Congress;  ;rj 
but  no  Senator  or  Representative,  or  person  holding  an  office  of  trust  or  ' 
profit  under  the  United  States,  shall  be  appointed  an  Elector.  - 

[  *  The  Electors  shall  meet  in   their  respective  states,  and  vote  by  r, 
ballot  for  two  persons,  of  whom  one  at  least  shall  not  be  an  inhabitant  of 
the  same  state  with  themselves.     And  they  shall  make  a  list  of  all  the 
persons  voted  for,  and  of  the  number  of  votes  for  each  ;  which  list  they    j 
shall  sign  and  certify,  and  transmit,  sealed,  to  the  seat  of  the  government   ,; 
of  the  United  States,  directed  to  the  President  of  the  Senate.     The  Pres- 
ident of  the  Senate  shall,  in  the  presence  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Rep-  ■> 
resentatives,  open  all  the  certificates,  and  the  votes  shall  then  be  counted. 
The  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  shall  be  the  President, 
if  such  number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  of  Electors  appointed ; 
and  if  there  be  more  than  one  who  have  such  majority,  and  have  an  equal 
number  of  votes,  then  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  immediately    : 
choose  by  ballot  one  of  them  for  President ;  and  if  no  person  have  a  ma- 
jority, then  from  the  five  highest  on  the  list  the  said  House  shall  in  like 
manner  choose  the  President.     But  in  choosing  the  President,  the  vote 
shall  be  taken  by  states,  the  representation  from  each  state  having  one 
vote  ;  a  quorum  for  this  purpose  shall  consist  of  a  member  or  members 
from  two-thirds  of  the  states,  and  a  majority  of  all  the  states  shall  be 
necessary  to  a  choice.     In  every  case,  after  the  choice  of  the  President,    ( 

*  This  Clause  between  .brackets  tias  beeu  superseded  and  aunulled  by  the  Twelfth.amendment. 


AND   ITS   AMENDMENTS.  197 

the  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  of  the  Electors  shall  be 
the  Vice-President.  But  if  there  should  remain  two  or  more  who  have 
equal  votes,  the  Senate  shall  choose  from  them  by  ballot  the  Vice-Presi- 
dent.] 

The  Congress  may  determine  the  time  of  choosing  the  Electors,  and 
the  day  on  which  they  shall  give  their  votes  ;  which  day  shall  be  the  same 
throughout  the  United  States. 

No  person  except  a  natural  born  citizen,  or  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States  at  the  time  of  the  adoption  of  this  Constitution,  shall  be  eligible 
to  the  ofSce  of  President ;  neither  shall  any  person  be  eligible  to  that 
office  who  shall  not  have  attained  the  age  of  thirty-five  years,  and  been 
fourteen  years  a  resident  within  the  United  States. 

In  case  of  the  removal  of  the  President  from  office,  or  of  his  death, 
resignation,  or  inability  to  discharge  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  said 
office,  the  same  shall  devolve  on  the  Vice-Pi;esident,  and  the  Congress 
may  by  law  provide  for  the  case  of  removal,  death,  resignation,  or  inabil- 
ity, both  of  the  President  and  Vice-President,  declaring  what  officer  shall 
then  act  as  President,  and  such  officer  shall  act  accordingly,  until  the  dis- 
ability be  removed,  or  a  President  shall  be  elected. 

The  President  shall,  at  stated  times,  receive  for  his  services  a  com- 
pensation which  shall  neither  be  increased  nor  diminished  during  the 
period  for  which  he  shall  have  been  elected,  and  he  shall  not  receive 
within  that  period  any  other  emolument  from  the  United  States  or  any  of 
them. 

Before  he  enters  on  the  execution  of  his  office,  he  shall  take  the  fol- 
lowing oath  or  affirmation : 

"  I  do  solemnly  swear  (or  affirm)  that  I  will  faithfully  execute  the 
office  of  President  of  the  United  States,  and  will,  to  the  best  of  my  ability, 
preserve,  protect,  and  defend  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States." 

Sec.  2.  The  President  shall  be  commander  in  chief  of  the  army  and 
navy  of  the  United  States,  and  of  the  militia  of  the  several  states,  when 
called  into  the  actual  service  of  the  United  States ;  he  may  require  the 
opinion,  in  writing,  of  the  principal  officer  in  each  of  the  executive 
departments,  upon  any  subject  relating  to  the  duties  of  their  respective 
offices,  and  he  shall  have  powei-  to  grant  reprieves  and  pardon  for  offenses 
against  the  United  States,  except  in  cases  of  impeachment. 

He  shall  have  power,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the 
Senate,  to  make  treaties,  provided  two-thirds  of  the  Senators  present  con- 
cur ;  and  he  shall  nominate,  and  by  and  with  the  advice  of  the  Senate, 
shall  appoint  ambassadors,  other  public  ministers  and  consuls,  judges  of 
the  Supreme  Court,  and  all  other  officers  of  the  United  States  whose 
appointments  are  not  herein  otherwise  provided  for,  and  which  shall  be 
established  by  law ;  but  the  Congress  may  by  law  vest  the  appointment 
of  such  inferior  officers  as  they  think  proper  in  the  President  alone,  in 
the  courts  of  law,  or  in  the  heads  of  departments. 

The  President  shall  have  power  to  fill  up  all  vacancies  that  may 
happen  during  the  recess  of  the  Senate,  by  granting  commissions  which 
shall  expire  at  the  end  of  their  next  session. 

Sec.  3.  He  shall  from  time  to  time  give  to  the  Congress  information 
of  the  state  of  the  Union,  and  recommend  to  their  consideration  such  mea- 
sures as  he  shall  judge  necessary  and  expedient ;  he  may  on  extraordinary 


198  CONSTITUTION  OP  THE  UNITED  STATES 

occasions  convene  both  houses,  or  either  of  them,  and  in  case  of  disagree- 
ment between  them,  with  respect  to  the  time  of  adjournment,  he  may  | 
adjourn  them  to  such  time  as  he  shall  think  proper ;  he  shall  receive 
ambassadors  and  other  public  ministers ;  he  shall  take  care  that  the  laws  be 
faithfully  executed,  and  shall  commission  all  the  ofiQcers  of  the  United 
States. 

Sec.  4.  The  President,  Vice-President,  and  all  civil  officers  of  the 
United  States,  shall  be  removed  from  office  on  impeachment  for,  and  con- 
viction of,  treason,  bribery,  or  other  high  crimes  and  misdemeanors. 

Article  III. 

Section  I.  The  judicial  power  of  the  United  States  shall  be  vested 
in  one  Supreme  Court,  and  such  inferior  courts  as  the  Congress  may  from 
time  to  time  ordain  and  establish.  The  Judges,  both  of  the  Supreme  and 
inferior  courts,  shall  hold  their  offices  during  good  behavior,  and  shall,  at 
stated  times,  receive  for  their  services  a  compensation,  which  shall  not  be 
diminished  during  their  continuance  in  office. 

Sec.  2.  The  judicial  power  shall  extend  to  all  cases,  in  law  and 
equity,  arising  under  this  Constitution,  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  and 
treaties  made,  or  which  shall  be  made,  under  their  authority ;  to  all  cases 
affecting  ambassadors,  other  public  ministers,  and  consuls ;  to  all  cases  of  "i 
admiralty  and  maritime  jurisdiction  ;  to  controversies  to  which  the  United 
States  shall  be  a  party ;  to  controversies  between  two  or  more  states ; 
between  a  state  and  citizens  of  another  state ;  between  citizens  of  differ- 
ent states  ;  between  citizens  of  the  same  state  claiming  lands  under  grants 
of  different  states,  and  between  a  state  or  the  citizens  thereof,  and  foreign 
states,  citizens,  or  subjects. 

In  all  cases  affecting  ambassadors,  other  public  ministers,  and  consuls, 
and  those  in  which  a  state  shall  be  a  party,  the  Supreme  Court  shall  have 
original  jurisdiction. 

In  all  the  other  cases  before  mentioned,  the  Supreme  Court  shall 
have  appellate  jurisdiction,  both  as  to  law  and  fact,  with  such  exceptions 
and  under  such  regulations  as  the  Congress  shall  make. 

The  trial  of  all  crimes,  except  in  cases  of  impeachment,  shall  be  by 
jury ;  and  such  trial  shall  be  held  in  the  state  where  the  said  crimes  shali 
have  been  committed  ;  but  when  not  committed  within  an}''  state,  the 
trial  shall  be  at  such  place  or  places  as  the  Congress  may  by  law  have 
directed. 

Sec.  3.  Treason  against  the  United  States  shall  consist  only  in  levy- 
ing war  against  them,  or  in  adhering  to  their  enemies,  giving  them  aid 
and  comfort.  No  person  shall  be  convicted  of  treason  unless  on  the  tes- 
timony of  two  witnesses  to  the  same  overt  act,  or  on  confession  in  open 
court. 

The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  declare  the  punishment  of  treason, 
but  no  attainder  of  treason  shall  work  corruption  of  blood,  or  forfeiture, 
except  during  the  life  of  the  person  attainted. 

Article  IV. 

Section  1.     Full  faith  and  credit  shall  be  given  in  each  state  to  the  ^ 
public  acts,  records,  and  judicial  proceedings  of  every  other  state.     And 


AND   ITS    AMENDMENTS.  l^'J 

the  Congress  may,  by  general  laws,  prescribe  the  manner  in  which  such 
acts,  records,  and  proceedings  shall  be  proved,  and  the  effect  thereof. 

Sec.  2.  The  citizens  of  each  state  shall  be  entitled  to  all  privileges 
and  immunities  of  citizens  in  the  several  states. 

A  person  charged  in  any  state  with  treason,  felony,  or  other  crime, 
who  shall  flee  from  justice  and  be  found  in  another  stale,  shall,  on  demand 
of  the  executive  authority  of  the  state  from  which  he  fled,  be  delivered 
up,  to  be  removed  to  the  state  having  jurisdicl'.on  of  the  crime. 

No  person  held  to  service  or  labor  in  one  state,  under  the  laws  thereof 
escaping  into  another,  shall,  in  consequence  of  any  law  or  regulation 
therein,  be  discharged  from  such  service  or  labor,  but  shall  be  delivered 
up  on  the  claim  of  the  party  to  whom  such  service  or  labor  may  be  due. 

Sec.  3.  New  states  may  be  admitted  by  the  Congress  into  this  Union ; 
but  no  new  state  shall  be  formed  or  erected  within  the  jurisdiction  of  any 
other  state  ;  nor  any  state  be  formed  by  the  junction  of  two  or  more  states, 
or  parts  of  states,  without  the  consent  of  the  Legislatures  of  the  states 
concerned,  as  well  as  of  the  Congress. 

The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  dispose  of  and  make  all  needful 
rules  and  regulations  respecting  the  territory  or  other  property  belonging 
to  the  United  States ;  and  nothing  in  this  Constitution  shall  be  so  construed 
as  to  prejudice  any  claims  of  the  United  States  or  of  any  particular  state. 

Sec.  4.  The  United  States  shall  guarantee  to  every  state  in  this 
Union  a  republican  form  of  government,  and  shall  protect  each  of  them 
against  invasion,  and  on  application  of  the  Legislature,  or  of  the  Execu- 
tive (when  the  Legislature  can  not  be  convened),  against  domestic  vio- 
lence. 

Article  V. 

The  Congress,  whenever  two-thirds  of  both  houses  shall  deem  it 
necessary,  shall  propose  amendments  to  this  Constitution,  or,  on  the  ap- 
plication of  the  Legislatures  of  two-thirds  of  the  several  states,  shall  call 
a  convention  for  proposing  amendments,  which,  in  either  case,  shall  be 
valid  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  part  of  this  Constitution,  when  rati- 
fied by  the  Legislatures  of  three  fourths  of  the  several  states,  or  by  con- 
ventions in  three-fourths  thereof,  as  the  one  or  the  other  mode  of  ratifi- 
cation may  be  proposed  by  the  Congress.  Provided  that  no  amendment 
which  may  be  made  prior  to  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
eight  shall  in  any  manner  affect  the  first  and  fourth  clauses  in  the  ninth 
section  of  the  first  article  ;  and  that  no  state,  without  its  consent,  shall 
be  deprived  of  its  equal  suffrage  in  the  Senate. 

Article  VI. 

All  debts  contracted  and  engagements  entered  into  before  the  adop- 
tion of  this  Constitution  shall  be  as  valid  against  the  United  States  under 
this  Constitution  as  under  the  Confederation. 

This  Constitution,  and  the  laws  of  the  United  States  which  shall  be 
made  in  pursuance  thereof,  and  all  treaties  made,  or  which  shall  be  made, 
under  the  authority  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  the  supreme  law  of  the 
land ;  and  the  Judges  in  every  state  shall  be  bound  thereby,  anything  in 
the  Constitution  or  laws  of  any  state  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding. 

The  Senators  and  Representatives  before  mentioned,  and  the  mem- 


200 


CONSTITUTION   OF   THE    UNITED    STATES 


bers  of  the  several  state  Legislatures,  and  all  executive  and  judicial  offi- 
cers, both  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  several  states,  shall  be  bound 
by  oath  or  affirmation  to  support  this  Constitution  ;  but  no  religious  test 
shall  ever  be  required  as  a  qualification  to  any  office  or  public  trust  under 
the  United  States. 

Article  VII. 

The  ratification  of  the  Conventions  of  nine  states  shall  be  sufficient 
for  the  establishment  of  this  Constitution  between  the  states  so  ratifying 
the  same. 

Done  in  convention  by  the  unanimous  consent  of  the  states  present,  the 
seventeenth  day  of  September,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  eighty-seven,  and  of  the  independence  of  the 
United  States  of  America  the  twelfth.  In  witness  whereof  we  have 
hereunto  subscribed  our  names. 

GEO.  WASHINGTON, 
President  and  Deputy  from  Virginia. 


New  Hampshire. 
John  Langdon, 
Nicholas  Oilman. 

Massachusetts. 
Nathaniel  Goeham, 
RuFus  King. 

Connecticut. 
Wm.  Sam'l  Johnson, 
Roger  Sherman. 


Delaware. 
Geo.  Read, 
John  Dickinson, 
Jaco.  Broom, 
Gunning  Bedford,  Jr., 
Richard  Bassett. 

Maryland. 
James  M'Henry, 
Danl.  Carroll, 
Dan.  of  St.  Thos.  Jenifee. 


New  York. 
Alexander  Hamilton. 

New  Jersey. 
WiL.  Livingston, 
Wm.  Paterson, 
David  Brearley, 
JoNA.  Dayton. 


Virginia. 
John  Blair, 
James  Madison,  Jr. 

North  Carolina. 
Wm.  Blount, 
Hu.  Williamson, 
Rich'd  Dobbs  Spaight. 


Pennsylvania. 
B.  Franklin, 
RoBT.  Morris, 
Thos.  Fitzsimons, 
James  Wilson, 
Thos.  Mifflin, 
Geo.  Clymer, 
Jared  Ingersoll, 
Gouv.  Morris. 


South  Carolina. 
j.  rutledge, 
Charles  Pinckney, 
Chas.  Cotesworth  Pinckney, 
Pierce  Butler. 

G-eorgia. 
William  Few, 
Abr.  Baldwin. 

WILLIAM  JACKSON,  Secretary. 


PROPRIETOR  gazette:  AND  POSTMASTER 

ROCKFORD  ILL. 


AND  ITS  AMENDMENTS.  203 


Articles  m  Addition  to  and  Amendatory  of  the  Constitution 
OF  THE  United  States  of  America. 

Proposed  hy  Congress  and  ratified  hy  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  statei, 
pursuant  to  the  fifth  article  of  the  original  Constitution. 

Article  I. 

Congress  shall  make  no  law  respecting  an  establishment  of  religion, 
or  prohibiting  the  free  exercise  thereof;  or  abridging  the  freedom  of 
speech,  or  of  the  press ;  or  the  right  of  the  people  peaceably  to  assemble, 
and  to  petition  the  Government  for  a  redress  of  grievances. 

Article  II. 

A  well  regulated  militia  being  necessary  to  the  security  of  a  free 
state,  the  right  of  the  people  to  keep  and  bear  arms  shall  not  be  infringed. 

Article  III. 

No  soldier  shall,  in  time  of  peace,  be  quartered  in  any  house  without 
the  consent  of  the  owner,  nor  in  time  of  war  but  in  a  manner  to  be  pre- 
scribed by  law. 

Article  IV. 

The  right  of  the  people  to  be  secure  in  their  persons,  houses,  papers, 
and  effects  against  unreasonable  searches  and  seizures,  shall  not  be  vio- 
lated ;  and  no  warrants  shall  issue  but  upon  probable  cause,  supported  by 
oath  or  affirmation,  and  particularly  describing  the  place  to  be  searched 
and  the  persons  or  things  to  be  seized. 

Article  V. 

No  person  shall  be  held  to  answer  for  a  capital  or  otherwise  infamous 
crime,  unless  on  a  presentment  or  indictment  of  a  Grand  Jury,  except  in 
cases  arising  in  the  land  or  naval  forces,  or  in  the  militia  when  in  actual 
service  in  time  of  war  or  public  danger ;  nor  shall  any  person  be  subject 
for  the  same  offense  to  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  of  life  or  limb  ;  nor  shall 
be  compelled  in  any  criminal  case  to  be  a  witness  against  himself,  nor  be 
deprived  of  life,  liberty,  or  property,  without  due  process  of  law ;  nor 
shall  private  property  be  taken  for  public  use,  without  just  compensation. 

Article  VI. 

In  all  criminal  prosecutions,  the  accused  shall  enjoy  the  right  to  a 
speedy  and  public  trial,  by  an  impartial  jury  of  the  state  and  district 
wherein  the  crime  shall  have  been  committed,  which  district  shall  have 
been  previously  ascertained  by  law,  and  to  be  informed  of  the  nature  and 
cause  of  the  accusation  ;  to  be  confronted  with  the  witnesses  against  him ; 
to  have  compulsory  process  for  obtaining  witnesses  in  his  favor;  and  to 
have  the  assistance  of  counsel  for  his  defense. 

Article  VII. 

In  suits  at  common  law,  where  the  value  in  controversy  shall  exceed 
twenty  dollars,  the  right  of  trial  by  jury  shall  be  preserved,  and  no  fpct 


204  CONSTITUTION   OF  THE   UNITED   STATES 

tried  by  a  jury  shall  be  otherwise  re-examined  in  any  court  of  the  United 
States  than  according  to  the  rules  of  the  common  law. 

Article  VIII. 

Excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required,  nor  excessive  fines  imposed, 
nor  cruel  and  unusual  punishments  inflicted. 

Article  IX. 

The  enumeration,  in  the  Constitution,  of  certain  rights,  shall  not  be 
construed  to  deny  or  disparage  others  retained  by  the  people. 

Article  X. 

The  powers  not  delegated  to  the  United  States  by  the  Constitution, 
nor  prohibited  by  it  to  the  states,  are  reserved  to  the  states  respectively, 
or  to  the  people. 

Article  XI. 

The  judicial  power  of  the  United  States  shall  not  be  construed  to 
extend  to  any  suit  in  law  or  equity  commenced  or  prosecuted  against  one 
of  the  United  States  by  citizens  of  another  state,  or  by  citizens  or  sub- 
jects of  any  foreign  state. 

Article  XII. 

The  Electors  shall  meet  in  their  respective  states  and  vote  by  ballot 
for  President  and  Vice-President,  one  of  whom,  at  least,  shall  not  be  an 
inhabitant  of  the  same  state  with  themselves ;  they  shall  name  in  their 
ballots  the  person  to  be  voted  for  as  president,  and  in  distinct  ballots  the 
person  voted  for  as  Vice-President,  and  they  shall  make  distinct  lists  of 
all  persons  voted  for  as  President,  and  of  all  persons  voted  for  as  Vice- 
President,  and  of  the  number  of  votes  for  each,  which  list  they  shall  sign 
and  certify,  and  transmit  sealed  to  the  seat  of  the  government  of  the  United 
States,  directed  to  the  President  of  the  Senate.  The  President  of  the 
Senate  shall,  in  presence  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives, 
open  all  the  certificates,  and  the  votes  shall  then  be  counted.  The  person 
having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  for  President  shall  be  the  President, 
if  such  number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  of  Electors  appointed ; 
and  if  no  person  have  such  majority,  then  from  the  persons  having  the 
highest  number  not  exceeding  three  on  the  list  of  those  voted  for  as 
President,  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  choose  immediately,  by 
ballot,  the  President.  But  in  choosing  the  President,  the  votes  shall  be 
taken  by  States,  the  representation  from  each  state  having  one  vote;  a 
quorum  for  this  purpose  shall  consist  of  a  member  or  members  from  two- 
thirds  of  the  states,  and  a  majority  of  all  the  states  shall  be  necessary  to 
a  choice.  And  if  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  not  choose  a  Presi- 
dent whenever  the  right  of  choice  shall  devolve  upon  them,  before  the 
fourth  day  of  March  next  following,  then  the  Vice-President  shall  act  as 
President,  as  in  the  case  of  the  death  or  other  constitutional  disability  of 
the  President.  The  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  as  Vice- 
President,  shall  be  the  Vice-President,  if  such  number  be  the  majority 
of  the  whole  number  of  electors  appointed,  and  if  no  person  have  a  major- 


AND  ITS  AMENDMENTS.  205 

itj;  then  from  the  two  highest  numbers  on  the  list,  the  Senate  shall  choose 
the  Vice-President ;  a  quorum  for  the  purpose  shall  consist  of  two-thirds 
of  the  whole  number  of  Senators,  and  a  majority  of  the  whole  number 
shall  be  necessary  to  a  choice.  But  no  person  constitutionally  ineligible 
to  the  office  of  President  shall  be  eligible  to  that  of  Vice-President  of  the 
United  States. 

Article  XIII. 

Section  1.  Neither  slavery  nor  involuntary  servitude,  except  as  a 
punishment  for  crime,  whereof  the  party  shall  have  been  duly  convicted, 
shall  exist  within  the  United  States,  or  any  place  subject  to  their  juris- 
diction. 

Sec.  2.  Congress  shall  have  power  to  enforce  this  article  by  appro- 
priate legislation. 

Article  XIV. 

Section  1.  All  persons  born  or  naturalized  in  the  United  States  and 
subject  to  the  jurisdiction  thereof,  are  citizens  of  the  United  States,  and 
of  the  state  wherein  they  reside.  No  state  shall  make  or  enforce  any  law 
which  shall  abridge  the  privileges  or  immunities  of  citizens  of  the  United 
States;  nor  shall  any  state  deprive  any  person  of  life,  liberty,  or  property, 
without  due  process  of  law,  nor  deny  to  any  person  within  its  jurisdiction 
the  equal  protection  of  the  laws. 

Sec.  2.  Representatives  shall  be  appointed  among  the  several  states 
according  to  their  respective  numbers,  counting  the  whole  number  of  per- 
sons in  each  state,  excluding  Indians  not  taxed ;  but  when  the  right  to 
vote  at  any  election  for  the  choice  of  Electors  for  President  and  Vice- 
President  of  the  United  States,  Representatives  in  Congress,  the  execu- 
tive and  judicial  officers  of  a  state,  or  the  members  of  the  Legislature 
thereof,  is  denied  to  any  of  the  male  inhabitants  of  such  state,  being 
twenty-one  years  of  age  and  citizens  of  the  United  States,  or  in  any  way 
abridged  except  for  participation  in  rebellion  or  other  crimes,  the  basis  of 
representation  therein  shall  be  reduced  in  the  proportion  which  the  num- 
ber of  such  male  citizens  shall  bear  to  the  whole  number  of  male  citizens 
twenty-one  years  of  age  in  such  state. 

Sec.  3.  No  person  shall  be  a  Senator  or  Representative  in  Congress, 
or  Elector  of  President  and  Vice-President,  or  hold  any  office,  civil  or 
military,  under  the  United  States,  or  under  any  state,  who,  having  previ- 
ously taken  an  oath  as  a  Member  of  Congress,  or  as  an  officer  of  the 
United  States,  or  as  a  member  of  any  state  Legislature,  or  as  an  execu- 
tive or  judicial  officer  of  any  state  to  support  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States,  shall  have  engaged  in  insurrection  or  rebellion  against  the 
same,  or  given  aid  or  comfort  to  the  enemies  thereof.  But  Congress  may, 
by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  each  house,  remove  such  disability. 

Sec.  4.  The  validity  of  the  public  debt  of  the  United  States  author- 
ized by  law,  including  debts  incurred  for  payment  of  pensions  and  boun- 
ties for  services  in  suppressing  insurrection  or  rebellion,  shall  not  be  ques- 
tioned. But  neither  the  United  States  nor  any  state  shall  pay  any  debt 
or  obligation  incurred  in  the  aid  of  insurrection  or  rebellion  against  the 
United  States,  or  any  loss  or  emancipation  of  any  slave,  but  such  debts, 
obligations,  and  claims  shall  be  held  illegal  and  void. 


206 


CONSTITUTION   OP  THE   UNITED   STATES. 


Sec.  5.  The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  enforce,  by  appropriate 
legislation,  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Article  XV. 

Section  1.  The  right  of  citizens  of  the  United  States  to  vote  shall 
not  be  denied  or  abridged  by  the  United  States,  or  by  any  state,  on 
account  of  race,  color,  or  previous  condition  of  servitude. 

Sec.  2.  Congress  shall  have  power  to  enforce  this  article  by  appro- 
priate legislation. 


ELECTORS  OF  PRESIDENT  AND  VICE-PRESIDENT. 

November  7,  1876. 


COUNTIES. 

■a  ^• 

S  c  3 

pa 

CO 
o  rt 

^S 

CD  O 

go 

5 
-*^ 

'5? 

X  0 

'  0 
< 

COUNTIES. 

hi 

«  0)  g 

X    Pi 

-So 
~K0 

c 
0 

.-  0 

a 
< 

4953 
1219 
1520 
1965 

944 
3719 

441 
2231 
1209 
4530 
2501 
1814 
1416 
1329 
2957 
36548 
1355 
1145 
3679 
1928 
1631 
2129 
2715 

970 
1145 
1881 
1601 

966 
4187 

703 
1695 
1996 

627 
3496 

330 
1315 
4177 
3768 
2040 

6308 
1280 
1142 

363 
1495 
2218 

900 

918 
1618 
3103 
3287 
2197 
1541 
1989 
2822 
39240 
1643 
1407 
1413 
1174 
1357 
1276 
2883 

466 
2265 
2421 

742 
1302 
4669 
1140 
3160 
1142 
1433 
4207 

611 
1015 
1928 
2578 
2071 

41 

17 

3550 
2788 
3120 
3567 
4554 
2009 
1553 
1566 
1231 
2952 
3465 
6363 
1115 
2209 

845 
2486 
3069 
1245 
3833 
4665 
1319 
1541 
1807 
8055 
1043 

646 
2357 
1410 
8912 

980 
4851 
1522 

910 
2069 
1140 
4708 
3198 
2850 

978 
4372 

650 
2795 
1911 
1570 
1297 
3851 
4770 
1672 
4505 
1733 

2134 
2595 
2782 
4076 
4730 
2444 
1430 
1939 

793 
2811 
1874 
4410 
1657 
1428 
1651 
3013 
8174 
1672 
1921 
5443 

800 
1383 
1316 
4040 

772 

459 
2589 
1552 
2838 
1081 
5847 
1804 
1269 
8553 

786 
5891 
2758 
3171 
2155 
3031 

936 
1984 
1671 
1751 
2066 
2131 
3999 
1644 
1568 
2105 

117U 

37 
268 
114 

39 
209 
135 

86 

20 
347 

34 
518 

10 

90 

7 

201 

109 

28 
104 

95 
5 

48 
117 

35 

3 

Bond 

17 

43 
183 
145 

"2 

1 
2 

"li 

Boone , 

Brown 

Macoupin 

Marshall..  

1 

111 

74 

604 

207 

236 

112 

132 

102 

277 

38 

129 

65 

746 

94 

25 

161 

61 

43 

57 

204 

391 

89 

282 

1 

108 

770 

1 

7 

■  "i 
16 

"2 

3 
■'i 

6 

9 
■■3 

3 

■■"8 

■"i 

■■9 
■4 

Cass 

3 

Clark 

7 

Clay 

Clinton 

3 

Cook  

Crawford 

.... 

3 

Cumberland 

Moultrie 

DeKalb 

Ogle 

g 

DeWitt 

Dougl  as 

Pope 

Du  Page 

Edgar 

Piatt.  .. 

Pike 

4 

Efflngliam 

Pulaski 

Fayptte 

14 

2 

55 

27 

641 

29 

115 

182 

841 

96 

99 

26 

44 

3 

288 

207 

138 

39 

482 

469 

133 

677 

41 

70 

237 

■"is 
1 

130 

Foru 

Franklin 

Richland   

Fulton 

Gallatin 

Sangamon 

Grundy  

Hamilton 

Shelby 

Stark 

Hardin 

134 
1 
840 
249 
106 

■■■4 

14 

1 

Henderson 

St.  Clair  

1 

s 

Tazewell 

9 

Jackson 

Jasper  

g 

Jefferson 

1346 
1345 
2907 
1367 
5398 
2627 
1869 
5235 
2619 
6277 
1198 
3087 

1667 
2166 
2276 

893 
2850 
1363 

524 
2632 
1647 
6001 
1329 
2080 

647 

'"UQ 

61 
172 

26 
309 
141 

55 
514 

27 
100 

12 

2 

"2 

■■■3 

"5 
2 

"i 

1 

15 
"6 

Wabash 

Warren 

1 

Jo  Daviess 

Johnson 

Kane 

White 

4 

Kankakee  

Whiteside. 

1 

Kendall 

Will 

Knox 

9 

LaSalle 

Woodford 

4 

Total 

Lee 

275958 

257099 

16951 

157 

Practical  Rules  for  Every  Day  Use. 


Hoiv  to  find  the  gain  or  loss  per  cent,  when  the  cost  and  selling  price 
are  given. 

Rule. — Find  the  difference  between  the  cost  and  selling  price,  which 
will  be  the  gain  or  loss. 

Annex  two  ciphers  to  the  gain  or  loss,  and  divide  it  by  the  cost 
price  ;  the  result  will  be  the  gain  or  loss  per  cent. 

Hoio  to  change  gold  into  currency. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  given  sum  of  gold  by  the  price  of  gold.' 

Hotv  to  change  currency  into  gold. 

Divide  the  amount  in  currency  by  the  price  of  gold. 

How  to  find  each  partner^ s  share  of  the  gain  or  loss  in  a  copartnership 
business. 

Rule. — Divide  the  whole  gain  or  loss  by  the  entire  stock,  the  quo- 
tient will  be  the  gain  or  loss  per  cent. 

Multiply  each  partner's  stock  by  this  per  cent.,  the  result  will  be 
each  one's  share  of  the  gain  or  loss. 

ITow  to  find  gross  and  net  weight  and  price  of  hogs. 

A  short  and  simple  method  for  finding  the  net  weight.,  or  price  of  hogs, 
when  the  gross  weight  or  price  is  given,  and  vice  versa. 

Note.— It  is  generally  assumed  that  tlie  gross  weight  of  Hogs  diminlslied  by  1-5  or  20  per  cent, 
of  itself  gives  the  net  weight,  and  the  net  weight  increased  l>y  yi  or  25  per  cent,  of  itself  equals  the 
gross  weight. 

To  find  the  net  weight  or  gross  price. 

Multiply  the  given  number  by  .8  (tenths.) 

To  find  the  gross  weight  or  net  price. 

Divide  the  given  number  by  .8  (tenths.) 

How  to  find  the  capacity  of  a  granary,  bin,  or  wagon-bed. 

Rule. — Multiply  (by  short  method)  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by 
6308,  and  point  off  one  decimal  place — the  result  will  be  the  correct 
answer  in  bushels  and  tenths  of  a  bushel. 

For  only  an  approximate  answer,  multiply  the  cubic  feet  by  8,  and 
point  off  one  decimal  place. 

Hoiv  to  find  the  cotitents  of  a  corn-crib. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by  54,  short  method,  or 

(207) 


208  MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION. 

by  4i  ordinary  method,  and  point  off  one  decimal  place — the  result  will 
be  the  answer  in  bushels. 

Note.— In  estimating  corn  in  Hie  ear,  the  quality  and  the  time  it  has  been  cribbed  must  be  taken 
into  consideration,  since  corn  will  shrink  considerably  during  the  Winter  and  Spring.  This  rule  generally  holds 
good  for  corn  measured  at  the  time  it  is  cribbed,  provided  it  is  sound  and  clean. 

How  to  find  the  contents  of  a  cistern  or  tank. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  square  of  the  mean  diameter  by  the  depth  (all 
in  feet)  and  this  product  by  5681  (short  method),  and  point  off  one 
decimal  place — the  result  will  be  the  contents  in  barrels  of  31i  gallons. 

How  to  find  the  contents  of  a  barrel  or  cask. 

Rule. — Under  the  square  of  the  mean  diameter,  write  the  length 
(all  in  inches)  in  reversed  order,  so  that  its  units  will  fall  under  the 
TENS ;  multiply  by  short  method,  and  this  product  again  by  430  ;  point 
off  one  decimal  place,  and  the  result  will  be  the  answer  in  wine  gallons. 

How  to  measure  boards. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  length  (in  feet)  by  the  width  (in  inches)  and 
divide  the  product  by  12 — the  result  will  be  the  contents  in  square  feet. 

How  to  measure  scantlings,  joists,  planks,  sills,  etc. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  width,  the  thickness,  and  the  length  together 
(the  width  and  thickness  in  inches,  and  the  length  in  feet),  and  divide 
the  product  by  12 — the  result  will  be  square  feet. 

How  to  find  the  number  of  acres  in  a  body  of  land. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  length  by  the  width  (in  rods),  and  divide  the 
product  by  160  (carrying  the  division  to  2  decimal  jslaces  if  there  is  a 
remainder)  ;  the  result  will  be  the  answer  in  acres  and  hundredths. 

When  the  opposite  sides  of  a  piece  of  land  are  of  unequal  length, 
add  them  together  and  take  one-half  for  the  mean  length  or  width. 

How  to  find  the  number  of  square  yards  in  a  floor  or  wall. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  length  by  the  width  or  height  (in  feet),  and 
divide  the  product  by  9,  the  result  will  be  square  yards. 

How  to  find  the  number  of  bricks  required  in  a  building. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by  22^. 

The  number  of  cubic  feet  is  found  by  multiplying  the  length,  height 
and  thickness  (in  feet)  together. 

Bricks  are  usually  made  8  inches  long,  4  inches  wide,  and  two  inches 
thick  ;  hence,  it  requires  27  bricks  to  make  a  cubic  foot  without  mortar, 
but  it  is  generally  assumed  that  the  mortar  fills  1-6  of  the  space. 

How  to  find  the  number  of  shingles  required  in  a  roof. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  square  feet  in  the  roof  by  8,  if  the 
shingles  are  exposed  4^  inches,  or  b}-  7  1-5  if  exposed  o  inches. 

To  find  the  number  of  square  feet,  multiply  the  length  of  the  roof  by 
twice  the  length  of  the  rafters. 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION.  209 

To  find  the  length  of  the  rafters,  at  one-fourth  pitch,  multiply  the 
width  of  the  building  by  .56  (hundredths) ;  at  one-third  pitch,  by  .6 
(tenths)  ;  at  two-fifths  pitch,  by  .64  (hundredths) ;  at  one-half 
pitch,  by  .71  (hundredths).  This  gives  the  length  of  the  rafters  from 
the  apex  to  the  end  of  the  wall,  and  whatever  they  are  to  project  must  be 
taken  into  consideration. 

NOTK.— By  >^  or  H  pitch  is  meant  that  the  apex  or  comb  of  the  roof  is  to  be  X  or  X  the  widtli  of  the 
building  Iiigrlier  than  the  walls  or  base  of  the  rafters. 

How  to  reckon  the  cost  of  hay. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  pounds  by  half  the  price  per  ton, 
and  remove  the  decimal  point  three  places  to  the  left. 

Hoiv  to  measure  grain. 

Rule. — Level  the  grain ;  ascertain  the  space  it  occupies  in  cubic 
feet ;  multiply  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by  8,  and  point  off  one  place  to 
the  left. 

Note.— Exactness  requires  the  addition  to  every  three  hundred  bushels  of  one  extra  bushel. 

The  foregoing  rule  may  be  used  for  finding  the  number  of  gallons,  by 
multiplying  the  number  of  bushels  by  8. 

If  the  corn  in  the  box  is  in  the  ear,  divide  the  answer  by  2,  to  find 
the  number  of  bushels  of  shelled  corn,  because  it  requires  2  bushels  of  ear 
corn  to  make  1  of  shelled  corn. 

Rapid  rules  for  measuring  la7id  without  instruments. 

In  measuring  land,  the  first  thing  to  ascertain  is  the  contents  of  any 
given  plot  in  square  yards  ;  then,  given  the  number  of  yards,  find  out  the 
number  of  rods  and  acres. 

The  most  ancient  and  simplest  measure  of  distance  is  a  step.  Now, 
an  ordinary-sized  man  can  train  himself  to  cover  one  yard  at  a  stride,  on 
the  average,  with  sufficient  accuracy  for  ordinary  purposes. 

To  make  use  of  this  means  of  measuring  distances,  it  is  essential  to 
walk  in  a  straight  line  ;  to  do  this,  fix  the  eye  on  two  objects  in  a  line 
straight  ahead,  one  comparatively  near,  the  other  remote  ;  and,  in  walk- 
ing, keep  these  objects  constantly  in  line. 

Farmers  and  others  hy  adopting  the  following  simple  and  ingenious  con- 
trivance, may  always  carry  with  them  the  scale  to  construct  a  correct  yard 
measure. 

Take  a  foot  rule,  and  commencing  at  the  base  of  the  little  finger  of 
the  left  hand,  mark  the  quarters  of  the  foot  on  the  outer  borders  of  the 
left  arm,  pricking  in  the  marks  with  indelible  ink. 

To  find  how  many  rods  in  length  will  make  an  acre,  the  tvidth  being  given. 
Rule. — Divide  160  by  the  width,  and  the  quotient  will  be  the  answer. 


210  MISCELLANEOUS   INFORMATION. 

How  to  find  the  number  of  acres  in  any  plot  of  land,  the  number  of  rods 
being  given. 

Rule. — Divide  the  number  of  rods  by  8,  multiply  the  quotient  by  5, 
and  remove  the  decimal  point  two  places  lo  the  left. 

The  diameter  being  given,  to  find  the  circumference. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  diameter  by  3  1-7. 

How  to  find  the  diameter,  when  the  circumference  is  given. 

Rule. — Divide  the  circumference  by  3  1-7. 

To  find  how  many  solid  feet  a  round  stick  of  timber  of  the  same  thick- 
ness throughout  will  contain  when  squared. 

Rule. — Square  half  the  diameter  in  inches,  multiply  by  2,  multiply 
by  the  length  in  feet,  and  divide  the  product  by  144. 

General  rule  for  measuring  timber,  to  find  the  solid  contents  in  feet. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  depth  in  inches  by  the  breadth  in  inches,  and 
then  multiply  by  the  length  in  feet,  and  divide  by  144. 

To  find  the  number  of  feet  of  timber  in  trees  with  the  bark  on. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  square  of  one-fifth  of  the  circumference  in 
inches,  by  twice  the  length,  in  feet,  and  divide  by  ^44.  Deduct  1-10  to 
1-15  according  to  the  thickness  of  the  bark. 

Howard's  new  rule  for  computing  interest. 

Rule. — The  reciprocal  of  the  rate  is  the  time  for  which  the  interest 
on  any  sum  of  money  will  be  shown  by  simply  removing  the  decimal 
point  two  places  to  the  left;  for  ten  times  that  time,  remove  the  point 
one  place  to  the  left;  for  1-10  of  the  same  time,  remove  the  point  three 
places  to  the  left. 

Increase  or  diminish  the  results  to  suit  the  time  given. 

Note.— The  reciprocal  of  the  rate  is  found  by  inverting  tlie  rate  ;  thus  3  per  cent,  per  month,  in- 
verted, liecomes  )^  of  a  month,  or  10  days. 

When  the  rate  is  expressed  by  one  figure,  always  write  it  thus :  3-1, 
three  ones. 

Rule  for  converting  English  into  Am.erican  currency. 
Multiply  the  pounds,  with  the  shillings  and  pence  stated  in  decimals, 
by  400  plus  the  premium  in  fourths,  and  divide  the  product  by  90. 

U.  S.  GOVERNMENT  LAND  MEASURE. 

A  township — 36  sections  each  a  mile  square. 
A  section — 640  acres. 

A  quarter  section,  half  a  mile  square — 160  acres. 
An  eighth  section,  half  a  mile  long,  north  and  south,  and  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  wide — 80  acres. 

A  sixteenth  section,  a  quarter  of  a  mile  square — 40  acres. 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFOIIMATION.  211 

The  sections  are  all  numbered  1  to  36,  commencing  at  the  north-east 
corner. 

The  sections  are  divided  into  quarters,  which  are  named  by  the 
cardinal  points.  The  quarters  are  divided  in  the  same  way.  The  de- 
scription of  a  forty  acre  lot  would  read :  The  south  half  of  the  west  half  of 
the  south-west  quarter  of  section  1  in  township  24,  north  of  range  7  west, 
or  as  the  case  might  be  ;  and  sometimes  will  fall  short  and  sometimes 
overrun  the  number  of  acres  it  is  supposed  to  contain. 

The  nautical  mile  is  795  4-5  feet  longer  than  the  common  mile. 

SURVEYORS'  MEASURE. 

7  92-100  inches make  1  link. 

25  links "     1  rod, 

4  rods "     1  chain. 

80  chains "     1  mile. 

Note. — A  chain  is  100  links,  equal  to  4  rods  or  Q6  feet. 

Shoemakers  formerly  used  a  subdivision  of  the  inch  called  a  barley- 
corn ;  three  of  which  made  an  inch. 

Horses  are  measured  directly  over  the  fore  feet,  and  the  standard  of 
measure  is  four  inches — called  a  hand. 

In  Biblical  and  other  old  measurements,  the  term  span  is  sometimes 
used,  which  is  a  ler.gth  of  nine  inches. 

The  sacred  cubit  of  the  Jews  was  24.024  inches  in  length. 

The  common  cubit  of  the  Jews  was  21.704  inches  in  length. 

A  pace  is  equal  to  a  yard  or  36  inches. 

A  fathom  is  equal  to  6  feet. 

A  league  is  three  miles,  but  its  length  is  variable,  for  it  is  strictly 
speaking  a  nautical  term,  and  should  be  three  geographical  miles,  equal 
to  3.45  statute  miles,  but  when  used  on  land,  three  statute  miles  are  said 
to  be  a  league. 

In  cloth  measure  an  aune  is  equal  to  li  yards,  or  45  inches. 

An  Amsterdam  ell  is  equal  to  26.796  inches. 

A  Trieste  ell  is  equal  to  25.284  inches. 

A  Brabant  ell  is  equal  to  27.116  inches. 

HOW  TO  KEEP  ACCOUNTS. 

Every  farmer  and  mechanic,  whether  he  does  much  or  little  business, 
should  keep  a  record  of  liis  transactions  in  a  clear  and  systematic  man- 
ner. For  ihe  benefit  of  those  who  have  not  had  the  opportunity'  of  ac- 
quiring a  primary  knowledge  of  the  principles  of  book-keeping,  we  liere 
present  a  simple  form  of  keeping  accounts  which  is  easily  comprehended, 
und  well  adapted  to  record  the  business  transactions  of  farmers,  mechanics 
and  laborers. 


212 


MISCELLAI?EOUS   INFORMATION. 


1875. 


A.  H.  JACKSON. 


Dr. 


Cr. 


Jan.      10 

"       17 
Feb.       4 

a  4 

March    8 

8 

"     13 

"     27 

April      9 

9 

May        6 

24 

July        4 


To  7  bushels  Wheat ...at  $1.25 

By  shoeing  span  of  Horses 

To  14  bushels  Oats.. at  $  .45 

Too  lbs.  Butter at      .25 

By  new   Harrow 

By  sharpening  2  Plows 

By  new  Double-Tree 

To  Cow  and  Calf 

To  half  ton  of  Hay 

By  Cash 

By  repairing  Corn-Planter — 

To  one  Sow  with  Pigs 

By  Cash,  to  balance  account .- 


48 
6 


17 


50 


05 


18 
2 


25 

4 

35 


$88 


50 


00 
40 
25 


00 

75 

15 


05 


1875. 


CASS  A   MASON. 


Dr. 


Cr. 


March  21 
"  21 
"  23 
1 
1 
19 
26 
10 
29 
12 
12 
1 


May 

i( 

June 

(1 

July 
Aug. 
Sept. 


By  3  days' labor ..at  $1.25 

To  2  Shoats at    3.00 

To  18  bushels  Corn at      .45 

By  1  month's  Labor 

To   Cash 

By  8  days'  Mowing at  $1.50 

To  50  lbs.  Flour 

To  27  lbs.  Meat ...at$  .10 

By  9  days'  Harvesting at    2.00 

By  6  days'  Labor at    1.50 

To  Cash..-. 

To  Cash  to  balance  account 


10 

2 
2 


20 

18 


$67 


(0 


S3 

25 
42 


18 
9 


$67 


75 

00 
00 


00 
00 


75 


INTEREST  TABLE. 


A   SIMPLK   RULE   KOR    ACCURATELY    COMPUTINO     INTEREST     AT    ANY    GIVEN    PeK    CENT.    KOK    ANY 

Length  op  Time. 
Multiply  the  principal  (amount  of  money  at  interest)  by  the  time  reduced  to  days;  then  divide  this  product 
by  the  quoUcdt  obtained  by  dividing  360  (the  number  of  days  in  the  interest  year)  by  the  per  c<?nt.  of  interest, 
undthe  quotient  thus  obtained  will  be  tlie  required  interest. 

illustration.  Solution. 

Require  the  interest  of  $463.50  for  one  month  and  eighteen  days  at  6  per  cent.  An 
interest  montli  is  30 days;  one  montli  and  eighteen  days  equal  48  days.  $4b3.50  multi- 
plied by  .48  gives  s;3'>30000;  360divided  by  6  (the  per  cent,  of  interest)  gives  60,  and 
'  "  '  .  .    .         .     -^,  -.-     .  ^.,  — ^      If  the  rar     " 


$462.50 
.48 


l233.0d00di'vided  by  60  will  give  vou  tlie  exact  interest,  whicn  is  .$3.70.    If  the  rare  of  370000 

interest  in  the  ai)ove  example  were  12  per  cent.,  we  would  divide  the  $222.0000  by  30  6)360  ,     185000 

(because  360  divided  by  12  gives  .30);  if  4  per  cent.,  we  would  divide  by  90;  If  8  per 

cent.,  by  45:  and  iu  like  manner  for  any  other  per  cent.  60/$222.0000(S3.70 

180 

420 
420 

"oo 
MISCELLANEOUS  TABLE. 

12  units  or  things,  1  Dozen.  I  196  pounds,  1  Barrel  of  Flour.  I  24  sheets  of  paper.  1  Quire. 

12  dozen,  1  Gross.  300  pounds,  1  Barrel  of  Pork.     20  quires  paper  1  Ream. 

80  things  1  Score.  56  pounds.  1  Firliin  of  Butter.    4  ft.  wide,  4  ft.  high,  and  8  ft.  long,  I  Cord  Wood. 


MISCELLANEOUS   INFORMATION.  213 

NAMES  OF  THE  STATES  OF  THE  UNION,  AND  THEIR  SIGNIFICATIONS. 

Virginia. — The  oldest  of  the  States,  was  so  called  in  honor  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  the  "Virgin  Queen,"  in  whose  reign  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  made 
his  first  attempt  to  colonize  that  region. 

Florida. — Ponce  de  Leon  landed  on  the  coast  of  Florida  on  Easter 
Sunday,  and  called  the  country  in  commemoration  of  the  day,  which  was 
the  Pasqua  Florida  of  the  Spaniards,  or  "  Feast  of  Flowers." 

Louisiana  was  called  after  Louis  the  Fourteenth,  who  at  one  time 
owned  that  section  of  the  country. 

Alabama  was  so  named  by  the  Indians,  and  signifies  "  Here  we  Rest." 

Mississippi  is  likewise  an  Indian  name,  meaning  "  Long  River." 

Arkansas^  from  Kansas,  the  Indian  word  for  "  smoky  water."  Its 
prefix  was  really  arc,  the  French  word  for  "  bow." 

The  Carolinas  were  originally  one  tract,  and  were  called  "Carolana," 
after  Charles  the  Ninth  of  France. 

Greorgia  owes  its  name  to  George  the  Second  of  England,  who  first 
established  a  colony  there  in  1732. 

Tennessee  is  the  Indian  name  for  the  "  River  of  the  Bend,"  i.  e.,  the 
Mississippi  which  forms  its  western  boundary. 

Kentucky  is  the  Indian  name  for  "  at  the  head  of  the  river." 

Ohio  means  "•  beautiful ;  "  Iowa,  "  drowsy  ones  ;  "  Minnesota.,  "  cloudy 
water,"  and  Wisconsin.,  "wild-rushing  channel." 

Illinois  is  derived  from  the  Indian  word  illini.,  men,  and  the  French 
suffix  ols,  together  signifying  "  tribe  of  men." 

Michigari  was  called  by  the  name  given  the  lake,  fish-weir.,  which  was 
so  styled  from  its  fancied  resemblance  to  a  fish  trap. 

Missouri  is  from  the  Indian  word  "  muddy,"  which  more  properly 
applies  to  the  river  that  flows  through  it. 

Oregon  owes  its  Indian  name  also  to  its  principal  river. 

Cortes  named  California. 

Massachusetts  is  the  Indian  for  "  The  country  around  the  great  hills." 

Connecticut.,  from  the  Indian  Quon-ch-ta-Cut,  signifying  "Long 
River." 

Maryland.,  after  Henrietta  Maria,  Queen  of  Charles  the  First,  of 
England. 

iVew  York  was  named  by  the  Duke  of  York. 

Pennsylvania  means  "  Penn's  woods,"  and  was  so  called  after  William 
Penn,  its  orignal  owner. 


214 


MISCELLANEOUS  INFORMATION. 


Delaware  after  Lord  De  La  Ware. 

New  Jersey,  so  called  in  honor  of  Sir  George  Carteret,  who  was 
Governor  of  the  Island  of  Jersey,  in  the  British  Channel. 

Maine  was  called  after  the  province  of  Maine  in  France,  in  compli- 
ment of  Queen  Henrietta  of  England,  who  owned  that  province. 

Vermont,  from  the  French  word  Vert  Mont,  signifying  Green 
Mountain. 

New  Hampshire,  from  Hampshire  county  in  England.  It  was 
formerly  called  Laconia. 

The  little  State  of  Rhode  Island  owes  its  name  to  the  Island  of 
Rhodes  in  the  Mediterranean,  which  domain  it  is  said  to  greatly 
resemble. 

Texas  is  tlie  American  word  for  the  Mexican  name  by  which  all  that 
section  of  the  country  was  called  before  it  was  ceded  to  the  United  States. 


POPULATION  OF  THE 
UNITED  STATES. 


States  ano  Tkbritouies. 


Alabama 

AiKaiis.is 

Calif  Driiia 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri 

Nebraslia 

Nevaila 

New  Hampshire. 

New  Jersey 

New  York 

North  Carolina .. 

Ohio 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina... 

T'niiessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

Wiscousiu 


Total  States., 


Arizona 

Coloiada 

I>.iUofa 

District  of  Columbia. 

Idaho   

Montana 

New  Mexico 

Utah .. 

Washington 

Wyoming 


Total  Territories 

Total  United  States 


38:n3,a53 


9,658 
39,864 
14,181 
131.700 
14,999 
20,59,5 
91,874 
86.786 
23.9.'j.5 

9,118 

442,730 


38,555,983 


POPULATION  OF  FIFTY 
PRINCIPAL  CITIES. 


Aggregate 
Population. 


New  York.  N.  Y 

Philadelphia,  Pa 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

CUicago,  111 

Baltimore,  Md , 

Boston,  Mass 

Cincinnati,  Ohio 

New  Orleans,  La.  .. 
San  Francisco,  Cal.. 

ButTalo,  N.  Y , 

Washington,  D.  C... 

Newark,  N.  J 

Louisville,  Ky 

Cleveland,  Ohio 

Pittsburg,  Pa 

Jersey  City,  N.  J  ... 

Detroit,  Mich 

Milwaukee,  Wis 

Albany,  N.  Y 

Providence.  R.  I 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Allegheny,  Pa 

Richmond,  Va 

New  Haven,  Conn., 

Charleston,  S.  C 

Indianapolis,  Ind... 

Troy,  N.  Y 

Syracuse,  N.  Y , 

Worcester,  Mass... 

Lowell,  Mass 

Memphis,  Tenn 

Cambridge,  Mass. . , 

Hartford,  Conn 

Srranton,  Pa 

Reading,  Pa 

Paterson,  N.  J 

Kansas  City,  Mo... 

Mobile,  Ala 

Toledo.  Ohio 

Portl  ,1/1(1.  Me 

Columiuis,  Ohio 

Wilmington,  Del... 

Dayton,  Ohio 

Lawrence,  Mass 

Utica,  N.  Y 

Charlestown,  Mass 

Savannah,  Ga 

Lynn.  Mass 

Fall  River,  Mass... 


942, 

674, 

396, 

310, 

298. 

267, 

250, 

216, 

191, 

149, 

117, 

109, 

105, 

100. 

92, 

86, 

82. 

79, 

71, 

69, 

68, 

62, 

53, 

51. 

50, 

48, 

48, 

46, 

43, 

41, 

40, 

40. 

39, 

37, 

3,5, 

33, 

33, 

32, 

32, 

31 

31 

31 

30 

30 

28 

28 

28, 

2S, 


292 
022 
099 
864 
977 
354 
526 
239 
418 
473 
714 
199 
059 
753 
829 
076 
546 
577 
440 
422 
904 
386 
180 
038 
840 
956 
244 
465 
051 
105 
928 
226 
634 
180 
092 
930 
579 
,260 
,034 
,584 
,413 
274 
841 
,473 
,921 
804 
323 
235 
,233 
,766 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION. 


21^ 


POPULATION  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 


Ar>'a  ill 
Status  and  s(iu;ire 
Terkitokiks.      Mil 


States. 

Alabama 

Arkansas 

California 

Coiinectirut 

Delaware 

Floiida 

Georgia 

Illinois 

Imliaua 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Mi=safliv.si'tts... 

Miclii^ran* 

Muinp-:ata 

Mississ  ppi 

IMissou)  i 

Nebraska 

Xevad  I 

Now  Haniiibhire. 

New  .leiM'V 

New  York 

North  Carolina.. 

Ohio 

Oregon 

*  Last  Census 


I'OPIT.ATION 


1,3.'')0,544 
538,349 


857,039 


990,992 

484.4'n 

560,^47 

537,454 

12.5,015 

187,748 
1.184,109 
:;i,5:-!9,891 
1.(180,637 
1.191.70',> 

304,399 
l,3J1.0n 

720,915 

026,915 

780,894 
1,4.57.351 
1.184,059 

439,700 

827.922 
1,721.295 

123.993 
42,491 

318.300 

900,096 

4,382,759 

1,071,361 

2,66.5.260 

90,923 

Michigan  taken  in  1874 


Miles 
K.  K. 
1875.   1872 


1,651,912 
1,334.031 

598,429 


246,280 
52,540 


1,026,502 

4,705,208 


671 

25 

013 

820 
227 
466 
108 
904 
529 
160 
760 
123 
539 
871 
820 
606 
235 

,61:; 

990 
,581) 
82  S 
59:^; 
■i90 
,265 
,470 
,190 
,740 
lo9 


States  and 
Tkkritories. 

States. 

Pennsylvania 

Rliode  IslaTul 

South  Carolina... 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

Wisconsin 

Total  States 

Territories. 

Arizona 

Colorado 

Dakota 

Dist.  of  Columbia. 

Idaho 

Montana 

New  Mexico 

Utah 

Wasliington 

Wyoming 

Total  Territories. 


Area  in 
squaro 
Mile,s. 


46, 
1, 
29, 
45, 
237, 
10, 
40, 
23, 
53, 


1,950,171 


113,916 

104,.50O 

147,490 

60 

90,932 

143.776 

121,201 

80.056 

69.944 

93,107 


I'OPri.ATION. 


1870. 


3,521, 

70.5, 
1,258, 

818, 

3:i0, 
1,22.5, 

442 
1,054 


38,113,253 


9,658 
39,864 
14,181 
131,700 
14,999 
20,595 
91.874 
86.786 
23.955 
9,118 


965,032   442,730 


1875. 


258,239 
925,145 


1,236,729 


Miles 
R.  R. 

1872. 


5,113 
136 

1.201 

1,520 
865 
675 

1,490 
485 

1,725 


59,587 


375 
■■■498 
1,265 


Aggregate  of  U.  S..  2,915,203'38,555,983  I  60,852 

•  Included  in  the  Railroad  Mileage  of  Maryland. 


PRINCIPAL  COUNTRIES  OF  THE  WORLD; 

l^OPULATION   AND   ArEA, 


Countries. 


Population. 


China 

British  Empire 

Russia 

United  States  with  Alaska 

France 

Austria  and  Hungary 

.lapan 

(treat  Britain  and  Ireland 

German  Empire 

Italy 

Spain 

Brazil 

Turkey 

Mexico 

Sweden  and  Norway 

Persia 

Belgium 

Bavaria 

Portugal 

Holland 

'-  ew  Grenada 

Chili 

Switzerland 

Peru 

Bolivia 

A.rgentine  Republic 

Wurtemburg 

Denmark 

Venezuela 

Baden 

G  reece 

Guatemala 

Ecuador 

Paraguay 

Hesse , 

Liberia , 

San  Salvador 

Hayti .. 

Nicaragua 

Uruguay 

Honduras 

S;vn  Domingo 

Costa  Rica 

Hawaii 


446, 

226, 

81 

38 

36. 

35, 

34, 

31 

29 

27. 

16 

10 

16. 

9, 

5, 

5, 

5, 

4, 

3, 

3, 

3, 

2, 

2, 

2, 

2, 

1, 

1 

1 

I, 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 


500  000 
817,108 
925,4'io 
925,600 
469,800 
904,400 
785,300 
817.100 
906.092 
439,921 
642,000 
000,  OdO 
463,000 
173,000 
921.500 
000,000 
021,300 
861.400 
99,5,200 
688.300 
000.000 
000.000 
669,100 
500,000 
000.000 
,812,000 
,818,500 
,784.700 
500,000 
,461,400 
,457.900 
180,000 
,300,000 
,000,000 
823,138 
718,000 
600,000 
572,000 
350,000 
300,000 
350,000 
136,000 
165,000 
62,950 


Date  of 
Census. 


1871 
1871 
1871 
1870 
1866 
1869 
1871 
1871 
1871 
1871 
1867 


1869 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1871 
1868 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1870 
1871 

■1869 
1871 
1870 

1871 
1870 
1871 

"isVi 

1871 

1871 

1871 
1871 

1871 

1876 


Area  In 
Square 
ftfiles. 


3,741,846 

4,677,432 

8,003,778 

^,603.884 

201.091 

240.348 

149,399 

121,315 

160,207 

118,847 

195,775 

3,253.029 

672,621 

761,526 

292,871 

635,964 

11,373 

29,292 

34,494 

12,680 

357,157 

132.616 

15,992 

471,838 

497.321 

871,848 

7,533 

14,753 

368,238 

5,912 

19,353 

40,879 

218,928 

63,787 

2,969 

9,576 

7,335 

10,205 

58,171 

66,722 

47.092 

17,827 

21,505 

7.633 


Inhabitants 

to  Square 

Mile. 


119.3 

48.6 

10.2 

7.78 

178.7 

149.4 

232.8 

262.3 

187. 

230.9 

85. 

3.07 
24.4 


20. 
7.8 
441.5 
165.9 
115.8 
290.9 
8.4 
15.1 
166.9 
5.3 
4. 
2.1 
241.4 
130.9 
4.2 
247. 
75.3 
28.9 
5.9 
15.6 
277. 
74.9 
81.8 
56. 
6. 
6.5 
7.4 
7.6 
7.7 
80. 


Pekin 

London 

St.  Petersburg.. 

Washington 

Paris 

Vienna 

Yeddo 

London 

Berlin 

Rome 

Madrid 

Rio  Janeiro 

Constantinople . 

Mexico 

Stockholm 

Teheran 

Brussels 

Municli , 

Lisbon 

Hague 

Bogota 

Santiago , 

Berne 

Lima , 

Chuquisaca 

Buenos  Ayres.. 

Stuttgart 

Copenliagen 

Caraccas 

Carlsruhe , 

Athens 

Guatemala 

(Juito 

Asuncion 

Darmstadt 

Monrovia 

Sal  Salvador... 
Port  au  Prince 

Managua 

Monte  Video... 
Comayagua  — 
San  Domingo... 

San  Jose 

Honolulu 


Population. 


1,648,800 

3,251,800 

667,000 

109,199 

1,825,300 

833,900 

1,554,900 

3,251,800 

825,400 

244,484 

332,000 

420,000 

1,075,000 

210.. 300 

136.900 

120,000 

314,100 

169.500 

224,063 

90,100 

45,000 

115,400 

36,000 

160,100 

25,000 

177.800 

91,600 

162,042 

47,000 

36,600 

43,400 

40,000 

70,000 

48,000 

30,000 

3,000 

15,000 

20,000 

10,000 

44.500 

12,000 

20,000 

2,000 

7,633 


216 


MISCELLANEOUS   INFORMATION 


POPUIiATION   OF   ILLINOIS, 
By  Counties. 


COUNTIES. 


Adams 

Alexander. . 

Bond 

Boone 

Brown 

Bureau 

Calhoun 

Carroll 

Cass - 

Champaign. 
Christian  .. 

Clark 

Clay 

Clinton 

Coles 

Cook 

Crawford 

Cumberland 
De  Kalb.-- 
De  Witt... 

Douglas 

Du  Page 

Edgar 

Edwards 

Effingham.. 

Fayette 

Ford 

Franklin 

Fulton 

Gallatin 

Greene 

Grundy 

Hamilton  .. 

Hancock 

Hardin 

Henderson . 

Henry 

Iroquois 

Jackson 

Jasper 

Jefferson 

Jersey 

Jo  Daviess. 

Johnson  

Kane 

Kankakee.. 

Kendall 

Knox 

Lake 

La  Salle 

Lawrence.. 

Lee 

Livingston  . 
Logan 


AGGREGATE. 


1870.    I860.    1850.    1840.    1830.    1830 


56362 
10564 
13152 
12942 
12205 

32415 

6562 

16705 

II580 

32737 
20363 
18719 

15875 

16285 

25235 

349966 

13889 
12223 
23265 
14768 

13484 
16685 
21450 

7565 
15653 
19638 

9103 
12652 
38291 
II134 
20277 
14938 
13014 
35935 

5113 
12582 
35506 
25782 

19634 
11234 
17864 

15054 
27820 
1 1 248 
39091 
24352 
12399 
39522 
21014 
60792 

12533 
27171 

31471 
23053 


41323 

4707 
9815 

11678 
9938 

26426 

5144 
"733 
11325 
14629 
10492 
14987 

9336 

1 094 1 

14203 

144954 

11551 
8311 


10820 

7140 

14701 

16925 

5454 
7816 

11189 
1979 
9393 

33338 
8055 

16093 

10379 

9915 
29061 

3759 

9501 

20660 

12325 

9589 
8364 
12965 
12051 
27325 
9342 
30062 
15412 

13074 
28663 
18257 
48332 
9214 
17651 
11637 
14272 


26508 
2484 
6144 
7624 
7198 
8841 

3231 
4586 

7253 
2649 
3203 
9532 
4289 

5139 

9335 

43385 

7135 
3718 
7540 
5002 


9290 
10692 
3524 
3799 
8075 


5681 

22508 

5448 

12429 

3023 

6362 

14652 

2887 

4612 

3807 

4149 

5862 

3220 

8109 

7354 
18604 

4114 
16703 


7730 
13279 
14226 

17815 
618I 

5-3  9* 
1553 
5128 


14476 

3313 
5060 

1705 
4183 
3067 
1741 
1023 
2981 

1475 
1878 

7453 
3228 
3718 
9616 
10201 

4422 


1697 
3247 


3535 
8225 
3070 
1675 
6328 


3682 
13142 
10760 
11951 


3945 
9946 

1378 


1260 

1695 
3566 
1472 
5762 

4535 
6180 
3626 
6501 


7060 
2634 
9348 
7092 
2035 
759 
2333 


2186 
1390 
3124 


1090 


3940 

755 

2330 


3117 


4071 
1649 


2704 


4083 
1841 
7405 
7674 


2616 
483 


41 

1828 


2555 


2111 
1596 


274 
'3668 


MISCELLANEOUS  INFORMATION. 


217 


POPULATION  OF  ILLINOIS— Concluded. 


COUNTIES. 


Macon 

Macoupin... 

Madison 

Marion 

Marshall 

Mason 

Massac 

McDonough. 
McHenry  . .. 

McLean 

Menard 

Mercer 

Monroe 

Montgomery 

Morgan 

Moultrie 

Ogle 

Peoria 

Perry 

Piatt  .- 

Pike 

Pope. 

Pulaski 

Putnam 

Randolph 

Richland 

Rock  Island 

Saline 

Sangamon  .. 

Schuyler 

Scott 

Shelby 

Stark 

St.  Clair 

Stephenson.. 

Tazewell 

Union 

Vermilion 

Wabash 

Warren 

Washington. 

Wayne 

White 

Whitesides  .. 

Will. , 

Williamson. 
Winnebago. 
Woodford.. 

Total.. 


AGGRKGATB. 


1870.    1860.    1850.    1840.    1830.    1820 


26481 
32726 

4413I 
20622 
16950 
16184 
9581 
26509 
23762 
53988 
II735 
18769 

12982 

25314 

2S463 

10385 
27492 
47540 
13723 
10953 
30768 

II437 

875^ 

6280 

20859 

12803 

29783 
12714 
46352 
17419 
10530 
25476 
IO75I 

51068 
30608 
27903 
1651S 
30388 
8841 
23174 
17599 
19758 
16846 
27503 
43013 
17329 
29301 
18956 


2539891 


13738 
24602 
31251 
12739 
13437 
IO931 

6213 
20069 
22089 
28772 

9584 
15042 

12832 

13979 
22II2 

6385 

22888 

36601 

9552 

6127 

27249 
6742 

3943 

5587 
17205 

9711 
21005 

9331 
32274 
14684 

9069 
14613 

9004 

37694 
25112 
21470 
11181 
19800 
7313 
18336 
13731 
12223 
12403 

18737 
29321 
12205 
24491 
13282 


1711951 


3988 

12355 

20441 

6720 

5180 

5921 

4092 

7616 

14978 

10163 

6349 
5246 

7679 

6277 
16064 

3234 
10020 

17547 
5278 
1606 

1S819 

3975 
2265 

3924 

1 1079 

4012 

6937 
5588 
19228 
10573 
7914 
7807 
3710 

20180 

1 1666 

12052 

7615 

11492 

4690 

8176 

6953 
6825 
8925 
5361 

16703 
7216 

11773 
4415 


851470 


3039 
7926 

14433 
4742 
1849 


5308 
2578 
6565 
4431 
2352 

4481 

4490 

19547 


3479 
6153 
3222 


11728 
4094 


2131 

7944 


2610 


14716 
6972 
6215 
6659 
1573 

13631 
2800 
7221 
5524 
9303 
4240 

6739 
4810 

5133 
7919 

2514 
10167 

4457 
4609 


476183 


1122 
1990 
6221 
2125 


{b) 


26 

2000 

2953 
12714 


1215 


2396 
3316 


<ri3IO 
4429 


12960 
b2qS9 


2972 


7078 


4716 

3239 
5836 
2710 
308 
1675 
2553 
6091 


1574^5 


f-<J«f!»-j-,- 


PRODUCTIONS  OF  AGRICULTURE,  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS,  BY  C0UNTIES.-I870. 


ImiHoved 
Land. 

Number. 
19.329.953 

Woodl'iid 

other  un- 
improved 

Spring 
Wheat. 

Bushels. 
10,133.207 

Winter 
Wheat. 

Rye. 

Indian 
Corn. 

Jiushels. 
129;921.39.- 

Oats. 

COUNTIES. 
Total 

Nnmljfi . 
5,061.578 

N'uinber. 
1.491.331 

Bnsiiels. 
19  99.5.198 

Bushels. 
2456.578 

Jiushels. 

*2. 780. 851 

287,926 

1:1 836 
145,045 
137.307 

57,062 
398.611 

37,684 
186,864 

92.902 
419,368 
241,472 
118.594 
146.922 
150,177 
208,337 
348.824 
105,505 

75,342 
334,503 
168,539 
147,633 
164,874 
,^65,458 

58,913 
120,343 
187,196 
141,238 

80,749 
238,l:i2 

49,573 
175,408 
193,999 

88,996 
311,517 

28.117 
140,954 
265,904 
322,510 

78,548 

90,867 
118,951 

94,147 
1^6,517 

57,820 
240,120 
312,183 
164.004 
330,839 
207,779 
533,734 

87,831- 
322,213 
377,505 
321,709 
205,256 
231, 05t. 
257,033 
173.081 
166,057 
209,45:d 

25.151 
261.635 
330.566 
494.978 
134,173 
322.80S' 

92.810 
276,682 
293,450 
144,220 
316,883 
170,729 

9:1754 

94,454 
233  785 

55,980 

19,319 

37,271 
140,764 

75,079 
15.5,214 

73,309 
421,748 

90,195 

85,331 
310,179 
138,129 
231,117 
254,857 
229,126 

75,832 
360,251 

54,063 
266.187 
177.592 
147,352 

92,398 
289,809 
419,443 
128,448 
241,373 
325,504 

112,576 
17,761 
42,613 
29,886 
35,491 
41,866 
63.443 
29,793 
33,493 
16,789 
19,803 
102,201 
80,612 
48,868 
45,314 
19,635 
78,350 
40,334 
17,723 
29,548 
11,897 
17,243 
66,803 
57,585 
56.330 
9;1460 
2,996 
3,994 
123.833 
68,750 
9:1243 
6,256 
93,878 
43,385 
44,771 
34,705 
12,620 
22,478 
87,643 
67,033 
94,888 
51,427 
82.07(, 

34,646 
10,978 
34,244 
41,566 
21,073 
48,lli 
72.738 
12,071 
12,463 
17,394 
18,153 
81,324 
89,450 
61,579 
28,2611 
31,739 
33,39(i 
52,547 
53,293 
40,361 
34.931 
45,977 
83,369 
47,804 
60,217 
24,783 
43,643 
48,666 
68,470 
,5,978 

128,953 
87,754 
12,516 
17,184 

162.274 
50,618 
81,239 
70.393 
51,085 
62,477 
44,633 
74,908 
12.375 
76,591 
4:1167 
45,268 
83,606 
5:1078 
37,558 
27,294 
55,852 

146,794 
78.167 
21.823 
24,361 

116,949 
37,238 
25,217 

19,370 

i;915 

2.658 

25.608 

15.803 

2,754 

33,302 

6,604 

58,  .502 

19.173 

5,430 

5,235 

8,733 

3,3  74 

17,337 

27,185 

5,604 

6,551 

17,633 

7,316 

3.851 

14,283 

830 

26,206 

16.786 

63.976 

86,710 

4,076 

3.565 

29.653 

4,505 

3,343 

18,480 

107 

14,243 

31,459 

6:1498 

5.991 

12,250 

778 

1,363 

45,779 

79,141 

399 

10,598 

2.283 

25,155 

24.399 

2,35(^ 

3,273 

7,409 

41,788 

40» 

9,115 

7,34;^ 

13,675 

4,142 

2.976 

31,013 

30 

14,03.0 

57.998 

49,087 

13,9.53 

22,588 

666 

8,495 

1,376 

13,113 

14.913 

3,516 

220 

13,897 

9.302 

16,191 

700 

241,042 

1,3,276 

465,236 

75 

418,073 

13,165 

103.577 

18,360 

947.616 

42,658 

368.625 

599 

11 7.  .502 

724 

221,298 

260 

127,054 

12:1091 

504,041 

195.118 

85,737 

61b.8bi8 

154.485 

4,904 

212.924 

84,697 

190 

11,695 

65,461 

693 

247.360 

122.703 

195.716 

351.310 

1.008 

111.324 

223,930 

8:1093 

577.400 

150 

92,347 

232,75(1 

32,306 

69,063 

445 

10,480 

329.036 

87.808 

100.55-3 

558,367 

555 

92,191 

325 

480 

1,249 

7,654 

221 

2,193 

264,134 

2,260 

1,339 

40,96;< 

196,613 

861,39b 

1,207,181 

17:165X 

901) 

125,628 

72.316 

36,146 

270 

10,95.' 

45.793 

13,20:i 

651,767 

744.891 

357,523 

196,436 

5,5811 

31,84:d 

350,446 

39,763 

1  057,497 

70,457 

44,923 

796 

1,031,022 

150,268 

2.27P 

8:1011 

247.658 

165.724 

266.105 

453,015 

1,563  631 

2,118 

72,410 

180.231 

249,558 

202.201 

5,712 

672,486 

164,689 

184,321 

264 

1,996 
170,787 

2,468 
108,307 

20,989 

30 

6,240 

35,871 

4,742 

43,811 

186 

25,721 

2.772 

45,752 

10,722 

7,308 

3.221 

1,619 

8,825 

20,171 

15,497 

14,798 

21,018 

11  540 

9,017 

7,533 

37,508 

538 

19,759 

25,328 

11,577 

5,195 

131.711 

513 

415 

4.93(1 

11.672 

133,533 

865 

96,430 

35,766 

23,259 

524 

9,165 

5,934 

1,452,905 

244,230 

1,064,053 

466,985 

337,769 

3,030.404 

234,041 

1,367.965 

1,146,980 

3,924,720 

1,88:1336 

614.582 

1,019.994 

813.357 

2,13:1111 

570,427 

581,964 

403.075 

1,023,849 

1,311,635 

1,680,23.-^ 

331,981 

2,107,615 

352,371 

630,34  7 

963.535 

565,671 

65:1209 

1,508,763 

509,491 

1,051.313 

295.971 

735,25-J 

1,510.401 

172.651 

1,712,901 

2,541,68:3 

.    799,811' 

611,951 

461,345 

887,981 

519,120 

1,286,326 

343,29b 

674,33:3 

637,391. 

681,267 

2,708,31!' 

517,35: 

3,077,03; 

656,36: 

1,656,97b 

1,183,69( 

4,221,64(1 

2,214,468 

1,051,544 

2.127.54B 

1,034,057 

1,182,903 

2,648,72! 

13.3,13(1 

1,362,49( 

1,14.5,005 

3.72337!^ 

1.973.881 

2,054,96;. 

543,71b 

1,537,89b 

3,198,835 

1,75:1141 

1,787,066 

969,224 

384,446 

1,039.725 

1,399,18b 

315,95b 

195.735 

3.34,359 

510.081' 

482,591 

l,459,65:i 

531,516 

4,388,763 

440,975 

752.771 

2,082.578 

1,149  878 

1,433.121 

1,615,679 

2.062,053 

679.753 

2,818.027 

431,361 

2,982,853 

836.115 

1  179,291 

870.521 

2,163  943 

1,131,458 

655,710 

1,237,406 

2,154,185 

759,074 

21,637 

Bond 

461,097 

579,137 

70,852 

987,436 

26,234 

775,100 

Cass 

168,784 

Champaign 

Christian 

Clark   

731,375 
383,831 

212.638 

Clay 

1,894 

500 

2.651 

144,396 

60 

550 

398,059 

106,493 

7.683 

106,096 

13  383 

269.945 

Clinton 

Coles 

Cook 

Crawford 

CuniLierlaud 

DeKalb 

DeWitt 

446,334 
31,5,954 

1,584,335 
136,355 
171,880 

1,087,074 
216,756 

22.5,074 

860,809 

290,679 

129,153 

Effingham 

77 

386,073 
497,395 

42,571 

365 

193,669 

154,589 

222,426 

Fulton 

261,390 
27,164 

64,029 

Grundy..  

21,700 

129 

181,378 

13 

161,112 

462,379 

57,160 

890 

269.332 
203.464 

Hancock 

Hardin 

579,599 

26,991 

239,386 

668.367 

Iroquois 

430.746 
149,931 

Jasper 

Jersey 

JoDaviess 

Johnson 

Kane 

Kankakee 

Kendall 

Knox 

149,214 

285,949 

71,770 

282,758 

7.185 

2.46b 

2.3,618 

12,93.0 

5.16:- 

11.1547 

5.871 

48,30b 

1,121 

14,829 

26,16: 

37,233 

29,23:: 

2.404 

3.68.'^. 

1'4,517 

36,135 

49,183 

544 

52,401 

39,264 

39.824 

4.28: 

40,77(: 

1,42.' 

3,29t 

5.53.' 

6,670 

157,504 

99,503 

l,01f 

9,248 

25.303 

2.306 

223 

7.707 

3,33.^ 

3.401 

20,00:^ 

568 

23,07:^ 

20,841 

930 

23.686 

30.534 

1,008 

135,363 

59,027 

1,737 

52,476 

874,016 
74,525 

188,82H 
10.3,466 
90,681 
267,764 
168,914 
271,181 

785,608 
772,408 
468,890 
787.952 
699,069 

LaSalle 

1,509,642 

131,386 

450,79:^ 

120,206 

198,051 

55,239 

160 

55(1 

903,197 

659,300 

Logan 

490,226 
454,648 

Macoupin 

Madison 

459,417 
475,252 
389,446 

Marshall 

106,129 
73,261 

363,604 
272,660 

22,097 

McUonough 

27:1871 
401,790 
211,801 
36,153 
289,291 

280,717 
910,397 

911,127 

23,5.0:41 

453,889 

153,351 

59 

18,196 

17,128 

497,038 

92,361 

668,434 

198,734 

Moultrie 

36:1992 

Ogle 

141,540 

334,892 

338,760 

Piatt 

26.383 
130 

130,610 

Pike 

161,419 

Pope 

Pul.aski  

67,886 

16,511 

Put  nam 

4.174 
1,170 
2.025 

20,755 
809 

19,932 

21,294 
1,610 
9,314 
2,783 
2,016 

13,701 

14,846 
5,300 

31,122 
509 

14,583 
1.931 

10,486 
869 

37.310 
6,335 
1,648 

15,237 

23,135 

28,137 
450 

86,519 

Rauilnlph 

414,487 

204.634 

243,541 

200 

89,304 

56,331 

18 

15,536 

134,630 

2.550 

527,394 

132,417 

■■■■44;  806 

276.575 

Saline 

69.793 

397,718 

119.359 

Scott 

13  463 

Shelby 

637.813 

Stark 

316  726 

St.  Clair 

476.851 

Stephenson 

Tazewell 

960.630 
505,841 

Union 

124,473 

436.051 

Wabash 

110,793 

186,290 

72,312 

2,576 

8,665 

418 

31,658 

8,0:50 

6,228 

137,985 

20.426 

601,054 

533,:J98 

266 

404,482 

White 

119.653 

Whitesides 

457.455 
195,286 
176 
408,606 
178.139 

880  838 

Will 

1,S6S,6S2 

Williamson 

180,986 

Winnebago 

868,903 

Woodford 

744,581 

ROCKFORD 


History  of  Winnebago  County. 


In  Jaiuiary,  A.  D.,  1818,  the  territorial  legislature  of  Illinois  petitioned 
Congress  for  the  admission  of  the  territory  into  the  Union  as  an  indepen- 
dent state.  ISTathaniel  Pope  was  the  territorial  delegate  in  Congress,  at 
that  time.  The  petition  was  sent  to  him,  and  by  him  presented  to  Con- 
gress. By  reason  of  a  pressure  of  other  business,  the  petition  was  not 
acted  upon  until  the  April  following,  when,  with  certain  amendments  pre- 
pared by  Mr.  Pope,  it  became  a  law,  and  Illinois  was  declared  an  indepen- 
dent state.  The  amendments  proposed  by  Mr.  Pope  were:  first,  to  extend 
the  northern  boundary  of  the  new  state  to  the  parallel  of  -12  degrees  30 
minutes  north  latitude;  and  second,  to  apply  the  three  per  cent,  fund, 
arising  from  the  sales  of  the  public  lands,  to  the  encouragement  of  learning 
instead  of  the  making  of  roads  leading  to  the  state,  as  had  been  the  practice 
on  the  admission  of  Ohio  and  Indiana.  These  important  changes,  says 
Ford's  History  of  Illinois,  were  proposed  and  carried  through  both 
houses  of  Congress  by  Mr.  Pope,  upon  his  own  responsibility.  The  territo- 
rial legislature  had  not  petitioned  for  them,  no  one  at  that  time  having 
suggested  or  requested  the  making  of  them,  but  they  inet  the  unqualified 
approbation  of  the  people  of  the  state. 

Under  the  ordinance  of  1787,  there  were  to  be  not  less  than  three,  nor 
more  than  five  states  erected  out  of  the  territory  northwest  of  the  Ohio 
River.  The  boundaries  of  these  states  were  defined  by  that  ordinance. 
The  three  states  of  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Illinois  were  to  include  the  whole 
territory,  and  were  to  be  bounded  by  the  British  possessions  on  the  north. 
But  Congress  reserved  the  right,  if  they  thereafter  found  it  expedient,  to 
form  one  or  two  states  in  that  part  of  the  territory  which  lies  north  of  an 
east  and  west  line  drawn  through  the  southern  bend  of  Lake  Michigan. 
"That  line,  it  was  generally  supposed,"  continues  Mr.  Ford,  "was  to  be  the 
north  boundary  of  Illinois."  Judge  Pope,  seeing  that  the  port  of  Chicago  was 
north  of  that  line,  and  that  it  would  be  excluded  by  it  from  the  state,  was 
led  to  a  critical  examination  oi  the  ordinance,  which  resulted  in  a  clear 
and  satisfactory  conviction  that  it  was  competent  for  Congress  to  extend  the 
boundaries  of  the  new  state  as  far  north  as  they  pleased,  and  found  no  dif- 
ficulty in  convincing  others  of  the  correctness  of  his  views. 

Under  the  same  ordinance  Congress  was  vested  with  the  power,  if  they 
should  find  it  expedient,  to  establish  a  state  north  of  Illinois,  in  that  part  of 
the  northwestern  territory  which  lies  north  of  the  parallel  running  through 
the  southern  bend  of  the  lake.  Under  this  provision,  "Wisconsin,  at  one 
time,  laid  claim  to  a  certain  part  of  the  northern  section  of  Illinois,  "includ- 
ing," said  Mr.  Ford,  at  the  date  of  his  writing  (1847),  "fourteen  counties, 
embracing  the  richest  and  most  poj)ulous  part  of  the  state." 

When  Illinois  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1818,  the  whole  people 
numbered  only  about  forty-five  thousand  souls.  Of  these,  some  two  thou- 
sand were  the  descendants  of  the  old  French  settlers  at  Kaskaskia,  Prairie 
du  Rocher,  Prairie  du  Pont,  Cahokia,  Peoria  and  Chicago.  These  people 
lived  in  the  style  of  the  French  peasantry  of  two  hundred  years  ago.     They 

13 


222  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

had  made  no  improvements  in  anything,  nor  had  they  adopted  any  of  the 
improvements  made  by  others.  The  other  forty-three  thousand  were  made 
up  by  people  from  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  North  Carolina,  Virginia  and 
Pennsylvania.  In  that  year  (IS  18)  the  settled  part  of  the  state  extended 
a  little  north  of  Edwardsville  and  Alton;  south,  along  the  Mississippi  to  the 
mouth  of  the  Ohio;  east,  in  the  direction  of  Carlysle,  in  Clinton  county,  to 
the  Wabash,  and  down  the  Wabash  and  the  Ohio  to  the  confluence  of  the 
Ohio  with  the  Mississippi,  where  Cairo  has  since  been  built.  But  the 
country  included  within  these  boundaries  was  not  all  occupied  at  that 
time.  Between  the  Kaskaslda  River  and  the  Wabash,  and  between  the 
Kaskaskia  and  the  Ohio  there  was  a  large  wilderness  that  could  not  be  trav- 
ersed in  less  than  three  days.  The  entire  northern  part  of  the  state  vv^as  a 
trackless  prairie.  But  gradually  the  settlements  extended  northward.  Year 
by  year  immigration  increased,  but,  as  a  rule,  the  early  settlers  selected 
homes  in  the  timbered  districts,  leaving  the  prairies  as  worthless  for  agri- 
cultural uses,  because  of  the  scarcity  of  timber  for  fencing  and  other  pur- 
poses. Gradually,  however,  a  change  came  over  the  minds  of  men  in  regard 
to  these  things,  and  the  prairies  were  sought  after  and  put  under  cultiva- 
tion; and  as  their  easy  subjection  to  farm  tillage  and  rich  returns  came  to 
be  known,  their  fame  spread  abroad,  and  Illinois  began  to  be  regarded  as  a 
very  Valparaiso/'^  But  with  all  their  wealth  and  productiveness  the 
prairies  of  Northern  Illinois  remained  comparatively  unknown,  and  almost 
entirely  unoccupied  by  white  men  until  after  the  close  of  the  Blackhawk 
Indian  troubles,  in  1832. 

The  first  part  of  Northern  Illinois  to  be  permanently  occupied  by  white 
men,  so  far  as  any  records  can  be  found,  seems  to  have  been  La  Pointe 
(now  Galena).  As  to  who  made  the  first  settlement  the  authorities  diflPer. 
Ford's  history  ascribes  that  honor  to  Colonel  James  Johnson  and  a  party  of 
miners,  from  Kentucky,  who  located  there  in  1824,  and  commenced  mining 
operations  about  one  mile  above  the  present  site  of  the  city.  Another  author- 
ity gives  the  honor  to  Ira  Barker,  who  went  from  Terre  Haute,  Indiana,  with 
an  exploring  party  in  the  summer  of  1824.  This  party  made  the  entire 
journey  across  the  state  without  seeing  a  single  white  man  or  sleeping  in  a 
house  until  thej^  reached  La  Pointe,  which,  on  their  arrival,  only  boasted 
three  or  four  log  huts.  The  same  authority  from  which  this  information  is 
derived  says  that  in  the  same  summer  three  other  men,  Smith,  Meeker  and 
Harris,  also,  arrived  at  the  same  place,  La  Pointe.  Whatever  the  diifer- 
ences  of  opinion  as  to  who  were  the  first  settlers  there,  all  agree  as  to  the 
time — the  summer  of  1824.  These  men,  it  is  fair  to  presume,  were  all  min- 
ing adventurers,  and  the  extraordinary  success  that  attended  their  ventures 
induced  a  great  rush  there  in  1825;  while  in  1826  and  1827  fortune  hunters 
poured  in  by  thoasands.  In  1825  Galena  was  mapped  out,  and  February 
17,  1827,  Jo  Daviess  county,  extending  across  Rock  River  and  embracing 
the  territory  which  is  now  comprised  in  nine  counties,  was  erected.  With 
the  exception  of  the  Galena  miners  of  1824  and  a  few  scattered  fur  traders, 
there  were  no  white  settlers  in  all  of  Northern  Illinois  at  that  time. 

The  men  composing  General  Scott's  army,  in  his  campaign  against  the 
Indians,  were  disbanded  at  Dixon,  in  the  fall  of  1832.  During  that  cam- 
paign they  had  traversed  a  large  part  of  the  country  tributary  to  Rock  River, 
and  observed  its  great  natural  beauty  and  fertility  of  soil,  and  upon  their 


*Spanish  for  Vale  of  Paradise. 


SI8T0BY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  223 

return  to  their  respective  homes  they  carried  with  them  such  glowing 
descriptions  of  tlie  Winnebago  country,  that  it  wej-e  strange,  indeed,  if 
if  did  not  become  to  be  regarded  as  an  ahnost  second  Eden. 

In  1833,  the  Fox  River  valleys  began  to  settle  np  with  immigrants 
from  the  ohler  states,  and  in  1834  and  1835  the  prairies  along  Kock  Iliver 
and  the  Kishwaukee  Creeks  began  to  receive  the  advance  guard  of  the 
thousands  of  industrious  and  prosperous  people  that  now  dwell  in  their 
midst. 

The  earliest  permanent  white  settler  in  the  territory  now  included  in 
Winnebago  county,  of  whom  there  is  any  knowledge,  was  Stephen  Mack. 
His  cabin  was  built  in  a  grove  about  half  a  mile  above  the  mouth  of  the 
Pecatonica  Kiver  at  a  place  that  was  subse(|ucntly  called  Bird's  Grove.  The 
time  of  his  coming  and  casting  his  lot  with  the  VVinnebagoes  is  not  defi- 
nitely known.  Neither  is  there  much  known  of  his  early  life,  or  of  the^ 
motives  that  caused  him  to  isolate  himself  from  kindred,  friends  and  his 
own  race.  All  that  was  ever  known  of  this  strange  recluse  is  presented  in 
the  following  sketch: 

Stephen  Mack  was  born  in  Vermont.  He  was  the  son  of  a  retired 
army  officer,  who  was  largely  engaged  in  the  fur  trade.  After  receiving  a 
good  common  school  education,  Stephen  was  entered  as  a  student  at  Dart- 
mouth College,  Hanover,  ISTew  Hampshire.  From  some  cause,  he  could 
not  reconcile  himself  to  the  routine  of  college  life,  and,  finally,  abandoned 
it  without  waiting  for  commencement  day.  His  father,  hoping  to  reclaim 
him  from  the  wild  'Jiabits  into  which  he  had  fallen,  sent  him  out  among  the 
Western  Indians  to  buy  furs.  Whither  he  drifted,  or  how  he  was  occupied 
from  the  time  he  left  parental  guardianship  until  he  came  to  the  Kock  Iliver 
country  is  left  to  the  conjecture  of  the  curious.  Having  mixed  a  great  deal 
with  the  Indians,  gradually  assimilating  to  their  habits  and  customs,  he  at 
last  married  an  Indian  woman  named  Ho-no-ne-gah,  the  daughter  of  an 
Indian  chief.  The  peculiar  circumstances  that  led  to  this  "match"  are  not 
definitely  stated — that  it  was  not  a  love  match  is  beyond  doubt.  Some 
authorities  state  that  Ho-no-ne-gah  once  saved  Mack's  life,  from  the  fury  of 
some  Winnebagoes  whom  he  had  offended,  and  that  out  of  gratitude  he 
offered  Plo-no-ne-gah  his  hand,  his  heart  and  his  fortune  as  a  recompense. 
Other  authorities  ascribe  the  marriage  to  selfishness  and  greed  on  Mack's 
part,  hoping  thereby  to  become  enriched  by  the  possession  of  the  lands  Ho- 
no-ne-gah  would  inherit  from  her  father.  Whatever  the  true  cause,  it  is  a 
secret  with  the  others  of  his  life,  both  of  which  have  passed  beyond  the 
judgment  of  men.  Of  this  marriage  eight  children  were  born — four  girls 
and  four  boys.  Two  of  the  boys  were  named  Henry  and  William.  The 
names  of  the  other,  two  are  not  remembered,  if  ever  known.  The  girls  were 
named  Rosa,  Mary,  Louise  and  Caroline.  In  after  years,when  Rock  Ford  had 
become  Rockford,  and  a  seminary  had  grown  up  with  the  city,  Louise  and 
Mary  were  sent  there  to  be  learned  in  the  ways  of  the  whites,  but  their  wild 
natures  were  a  proof  against  its  civilizing  influences,  and  finally  followed 
their  people  to  their  new  reservation  in  Minnesota,  where  they  still  remained 
at  last  authentic  reports.  Of  the  eight  children  born  to  Stephen  Mack  out 
of  his  wedlock  with  an  Indian  wife,  not  one  became  a  citizen  of  the  common- 
wealth of  Illinois.  Ho-no-ne-gah,  the  Indian  mother  of  Mack's  children, 
died  in  1847,  and  a  year  afterwards  he  married  a  white  woman.  This  mar- 
riage was  an  unfortunate  alliance.  The  woman  he  chose  for  a  second  help- 
mate was  not  as  good  as  his  squaw  wife.     She  robbed  him  whenever  occasiou 


224  HiSTOKr  OF  winnebago  county. 

offered,  and,  finally,  set  fire  to  their  house  while  under  the  influence  of  opi- 
um, to  the  use  of  which  she  was  a  great  slave.  A  short  time  after  this  oc- 
currence the  life  of  Stephen  Mack  went  out,and  followed  that  of  his  Indian  wife 
into  the  spirit  world,  while  his  mortal  remains  were  buried  amid  the  trees  and 
flowers  around  tlie  spot  where  his  cabin  had  been  reared,  sometime  about 
the  year  1829. 

Those  who  knew  the  subject  of  the  above  sketch  say  that  Stephen 
Mack  was  di2:nified  and  manly  in  his  bearing,  affable  and  pleasant  in  his 
intercourse  with  his  white  neighbors,  and  particularly  pleasant  with  those 
with  whom  he  had  an  intimate  acquaintance.  It  is  said  that  he  hardly  ever 
used  a  profane  word.  Sometimes  he  would  manifest  religious  inclinations, 
and  at  one  time  hired  a  man  named  McDowell  to  come  to  liis  house,  read  the 
Scriptures,  and  pray  with  his  fiimily.  But  this  kind  of  devotion  did  not 
last  long.  Mack  was  tall,  and  as  erect  as  any  of  the  Indians  among  whom 
he  dwelt,  and  possessing  a  good  common  education,  and  withal  a  close 
reader — always  keeping  a  good  stock  of  books  in  his  cabin — he  might  have 
been  a  man  among  men,  but  he  chose  otherwise. 

In  the  summer  of  1833,  Mr.  John  Phelps,  who  died  a  few  years  ago 
in  Oregon,  at  the  age  of  seventy-eight  years,  in  company  with  a  French- 
man, started  down  the  Pecatonica  from  Mineral  Point,  Wisconsin,  on  a 
voyage  of  exploration  or  discovery.  Their  vessel  was  an  ordinary  canoe  or 
dug  out,  and  the  propelling  power  a  paddle  in  the  hands  of  Lewis  Lemon,  a 
bov  of  color  that  Mr.  Kent  had  brought  from  Alabama,  and  of  whom  we 
will  speak  more  in  detail  in  another  place.  These  men  made  a  short  stop 
at  the  mouth  of  what  was  subsequently  named  Kent's  creek,  at  the  same 
place  where  Messrs.  Germanicus  Kent  and  Thatcher  Blake  landed  in  the 
late  afternoon  of  an  August  day,  1834.  Phelps  and  his  companion  clu  voy- 
age were  pleased  with  the  location,  and  but  for  the  seeming  scarcity  of 
timber  would  have  located  here.  But  that  objection  overruled  their  other- 
wise favorable  impressions,  and  they  passed  on  down  the  river  and  selected 
claims  at  the  site  now  occupied  by  the  town  of  Oregon,  thus  leaving  Rock- 
ford  to  be  founded  by  representatives  from  two  extreme  sections  of  the 
country — Germanicus  Kent,  of  the  State  of  Alabama,  and  Thatcher  Blake, 
of  the  State  of  Maine. 

In  1833,  Mr.  Kent  with  his  family  and  his  colored  boy,  Lewis  Lemon, 
came  up  to  Galena,  where  his  brother,  Rev.  Aratus  Kent,  a  Presbyterian 
clero-yman,  was  located.  Soon  after  his  arrival  there,  Mr.  Kent  learned 
from  some  of  the  soldiers  that  had  been  with  Scott's  army,  of  the  exceeding 
beauty  of  the  Rock  River  country,  and  he  determined  to  visit  it  at  the 
earliest  opportunity. 

In  June,  1834,  Thatcher  Blake,  w^ho  combined  the  qualifications  of 
school  teacher  and  farmer,  set  out  from  his  native  county  of  Oxford,  Maine, 
to  find  fame  and  fortune  in  the  "far  west."  As  he  had  no  settled  point  in 
view,  he  traveled  along  from  place  to  place,  occasionally  meeting  a  returned 
soldier  from  the  Blackhawk  war,  from  whom  he  heard  glowing  accounts  of 
the  Rock  River  country,  and  the  immense  and  quickly  acquired  fortunes  of 
the  Galena  miners.  More  impressed  with  the  advantages  the  valley  offered 
for  farming  than  with  the  mineral  resources  of  the  Galena  district,  he 
determined  to  visit  this  valley,  and  if  he  found  the  half  said  of  its  beauty 
and  wealth  of  soil  to  be  true,  to  make  it  his  home  for  life — a  determination 
he  has  so  far  carried  out.  The  only  railroad  in  those  days  between  Illinois 
and   Maine,   was  the  one  from  Albany  to  Troy,  N.  Y.     The  rest  of  Mr. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAOO   COUNTY,  225 

Blake's  trip  was  made  by  the  New  York  and  Erie  Canal,  to  Buffalo,  thence 
by  other  conveyance  to  Pittsburc^;  thence  by  steamboat  down  the  Ohio  to 
tiie  Mississippi,  and  up  that  river  via  St.  Lonis  to  Galena, 

Soon  after  his  arrival  at  Galena,  and  expressing  his  purpose  to  visit 
Rock  river,  he  heard  of  Kent's  purpose  to  make  a  similar  trip,  and  he  at 
once  sought  that  gentleman's  ])resence,  made  his  acquaintance,  and  together 
they  made  arrangements  for  the  prosecution  of  that  tour  of  discovery  that 
not  only  resulted  to  their  own  advantage,  but  to  the  advantage  of  many 
thousands  of  others. 

They  started  from  Galena  in  a  "Democrat"  wagon,  passed  up  into 
Wisconsin,  and  struck  the  Pecatonica  about  four  miles  from  what  was  then 
known  as  ''Hamilton's  Diggings,"  operated  by  a  son  of  Alexander  Hamil- 
ton, who  was  killed  in  a  duel  with  Aaron  Burr.  A  man  named  Ransom  had 
settled  on  the  Pecatonica  at  that  point,  and  of  him  they  purchased  a  canoe, 
and  made  the  balance  of  the  trip  by  that  means  of  conveyance.  The  first 
halt  they  made  was  at  AVinnishick's  village,  where  Freeport  now  is.  There 
Mr.  Keiit  went  ashore  to  examine  the  land,  leaving  Mr.  Blake  in  charge  of 
the  canoe,  provisions,  etc.,  and  during  his  absence  the  Indians  gathered 
around  in  such  numbers  that  Mr.  Blake  was  obliged  to  lay  off  in  the  middle 
of  the  stream  to  prevent  them  from  plundering  his  "  boat."  Not  exactly 
suited  with  the  "  lay  of  the  land  "  at  that  point,  their  journey  was  resumed 
and  continued  until  they  glided  into  Rock  river,  upon  whose  silvery  waters 
they  floated  down  to  the  mouth  of  the  creek  that  was  named  in  honor  of 
one  of  its  discoverers,  Germanicus  Kent.  Here  they  landed,  late  in  the 
afternoon  of  an  August  day,  1834.  Drawing  their  canoe  ashore,  tired  with 
the  fatigues  of  their  long  and  tortuous  journey,  they  soon  disposed  them- 
selves to  rest  and  slumber.  On  the  morning  of  the  morrow,  after  partaking 
of  a  camp  breakfast,  they  set  about  an  examination  of  the  surroundings, 
and  the  impressions  formed  from  reports  of  the  beauty  and  fertility  of  the 
country,  were  more  than  confirmed  by  actual  examination,  and  the  conclu- 
sions then  reached  were  never  afterwards  changed.  At  the  close  of  the  day 
they  returned  to  their  camp  to  partake  of  their  evening  meal  and  discuss 
the  situation.  Blake  had  selected  a  site  for  a  farm,  and  Kent  had  selected 
a  location  for  a  saw  mill  on  the  little  creek  that  now  bears  his  name,  a  few 
rods  above  its  mouth,  little  dreaming  that  the  building  of  a  mill  there 
would  be  the  nucleus  around  which  would  spring  up  one  of  the  greatest 
manufacturing  centres  in  the  western  country.  But  such  have  been 
the  accomplishments  of  less  than  half  a  centiiry.  Another  night's  rest  be- 
neath the  wide-spreading  boughs  and  thick  foliage  of  a  friendly  tree,  an  early 
breakfast,  and  their  camp  ec^uipage  re-packed  and  transferred  to  their  canoe, 
and  they  again  committed  themselves  to  the  current  of  Rock  river,  by 
which  they  were  borne  down  to  Dixon,  From  Kent's  creek  to  Dixon  they 
found  no  landmarks  that  pleased  them  so  well  as  their  discoveries  here,  and 
at  Dixon  they  gave  up  the  hunt,  disposed  of  their  canoe,  and  made  for 
Galena,  to  perfect  arrangements  for  the  immediate  occupancy  and  improve- 
ment of  their  claims  at  the  junction  of  Kent's  creek  with  Rock  river. 
"Wagons  and  teams  were  purchased,  supplies  laid  in,  and  a  gang  of  men 
employed  to  build  a  dam,  dig  the  race  and  prepare  the  timber  for  the  saw 
mill  which  Kent  had  determined  to  build.  These  preparations  completed, 
the  return  trip  was  commenced.  The  country  was  then  known  as  Winne- 
bago. There  were  no  roads — not  even  an  Indian  trail — to  guide  them  from 
Galena  directlv  to  their  new  El  Dorado,    Their  route  was  by  way  of  the  Galena 


226  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

and  Dixon  line  of  travel  as  far  as  Chambers'  Grove,  from  which  point  they 
struck  out  on  the  open  prairie  in  a  northeast  course,  and  in  the  evening  of 
the  fourth  da}^  the  pioneer  cavalcade  drew  up  and  went  into  camp  on  the 
site  of  their  future  operations,  and  a  manufacturing  city  in  1877  of  at  least 
15,000  population. 

We  have  been  somewhat  minute  and  elaborate  in  these  following, s  of 
the  settlements  and  incidents  pertinent  to  the  earlier  liistory  of  the  Winne- 
bago country,  that  its  historical  connections  with  the  Pkesent  might  be  the 
more  fully  dehned  and  preserved.  And  having  traced  the  origin  and 
history  of  the  first  settlement,  in  the  fall  of  1S34,  we  come  now  to  the 
immediate  history  of  Winnebago  County,  first  presenting  its  Physical 
Geography;  second,  its  Geological  Formations;  and  third,  a  brief  reference 
to  its  Indian  Antiquities,  Mound  Builders,  etc. 

PHYSICAL   GEOGEAPHT. 

Winnebago  County  is  bounded  on  the  east  by  Boone  County;  on  the 
south  by  Ogle  County;  on  the  west  by  Stephenson  County,  and  on  the  north 
by  the  Wisconsin  state  line.  It  was  organized  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature, 
in  January,  A.  D.  1836,  and  derives  its  name  from  a  tribe  of  Indians  that 
once  included  its  territory  in  their  hunting  grounds.  It  is  twenty-tour 
miles  wide  from  east  to  west,  and  twenty-two  miles  long,  on  an  average, 
from  north  to  south,  and  contains  about  540  sections  of  land.  The  town- 
ships as  named  are  not  all  bounded  by  township  lines,  bat  in  part  by 
streams  and  imaginary  lines,  making  the  townships  thus  different  in  size 
and  shape.  Its  general  level  is  perhaps  somewhat  higher  than  that  of 
Stephenson  County,  although  we  have  no  information  of  the  actual  figures. 
The  face  of  the  country  is  high,  dry,  somewhat  more  sandy,  rolling  and 
undulating  than  Stephenson.  A  considerable  portion  of  tlie  surface  is 
covered  with  timber  of  various  qualities.  In  the  northwestern  part  of  the 
county,  alono-  Sugar  river  and  its  tributaries,  and  along  portions  of  the 
north  bank  of  the  Pecatonica,  there  is  much  scattering  timber  and.  brush 
land,  interspersed  with  occasioiuil  swampy  tracts.  A  few  miles  below 
Rockford,  along  the  north  l)ank  of  Puck  river,  and  extending  north  and 
west  from  the  same,  there  is  a  tract  of  barrens  covered  with  brushwood  and 
a  rather  light  growth  of  white  oak  and  black  jack  timber.  In  the  south- 
eastern portion  of  the  county,  along  and  near  the  Kishwaukee  creeks,  the 
face  of  the  country  is  rough,  hilly,  barren,  brushy,  and  covered  with  an 
occasional  growth  of  fair  timber.  The  rest  of  the  county  is  chiefly  prairie, 
interspersed  with  many  beautiful  but  small  groves. 

It  is  well  watered  with  many  fine  streams.  Pock  river  enters  it  about 
six  miles  from  its  northeast  corner,  at  Beloit,  runs  nearly  due  south  some 
eighteen  miles  to  Pockford,  then  bears  off  gradually  to  the  west  and 
enters  Ogle  County  some  fifteen  miles  south  and  west  of  this  latter  city. 
This  noble  and  beautiful  stream,  and  its  broad,  rich  valle}^  fill  the  mind  of 
the  beholder  with  admiration.  The  waters  of  this  stream  are  silvery  and 
clear,  beyond  any  other  river  in  the  State;  its  bottom,  for  the  most  part, 
rocky  and  sandy;  its  current,  swift  and  strong;  its  flow  and  volume  constant. 
Heavy  water  powers  at  Beloit,  Rockton,  and  Pockford,  afibrd  splendid 
manufacturing  facilities;  and  all  along  the  stream,  every  few  miles,  dams 
might  be  constructed  which  would  cause  thousands  of  busy  wheels  to  toil 
in  the  service  of  man.     At  these  three  places  scores  of  foundries,  factories, 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  227 

machine  shops,  manufacturing  establishments,  paper  mills,  grain  mills,  and 
other  similar  enterprises  attest  the  capabilities  and  power  of  this  niag- 
niiicent  river. 

The  next  stream  in  size  is  the  Pecatonica  river.  It  enters  the  county 
on  the  west,  some  eight  miles  from  its  southwestern  corner,  and  flows  in  a 

feneral  east  and  north  course,  about  twenty  miles,  to  near  the  town  of 
!,ockton,  where  it  mingles  its  turbid  waters  with  the  bright,  flashing  cur- 
rent of  Kock  river.  If  possible,  its  course  is  more  tortuous  and  its  waters 
more  muddy  in  Winnebago  than  in  Stephenson  county.  Sugar  river  comes 
in  from  the  northwest  and  enters  the  Pecatonica  near  the  village  of  Shir- 
land.  Both  these  streams  have  bottoms  of  rich,  deep  alluvium  from  one  to 
perhaps  three  miles  wide.  Neither  of  them  afford  any  water  power.  Both 
of  them,  we  believe,  are  dammed  in  the  water  mill  sense  of  the  term,  but 
such  lazy  rivers  will  never  make  whirling  wheels  hum  the  songs  of  busy  labor. 
The  two  branches  of  the  Kishwaukee  unite  near  the  southeastern  corner  of 
the  county,  and  flow  in  a  considerable  stream,  until  their  commingled  waters 
fall  into  Rock  river,  in  the  township  of  New  Milford.  Killbuck  creek, 
in  the  southeast,  Kent  creek  coming  in  at  Rockford,  the  Kennikiuick  creeks 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Roscoe,  and  another  considerable  stream,  a  tribu- 
tary of  Sugar  river,  in  the  northwest,  known  as  Coon  creek,  are  the  most 
important  of  the  smaller  streams,  and  with  their  little  feeding  tributaries 
aftord  plenty  of  water  for  agricultural  purposes,  together  with  a  number  of 
light  water  powers. 

Some  of  the  Indian  names  of  these  streams  have  a  very  descriptive 
significance,  Pecatonica,  as  before  mentioned,  means  "crooked  stream  "  or 
'•muddy  waters,"  and  so  far  as  the  steam  is  descriptive  of  the  name,  it  ought 
to  mean  them  both.  Sinissippi,  the  Indian  name  of  Rock  river,  signifies 
"rocky  river."  Kishwaukee  means  "clear  waters"  or  "sycamore,"  a  name 
reasonably  descriptive  of  the  stream.  Winnebago  means  the  "fish  eaters." 
Taking,  therefore,  all  things  into  consideration,  Winnebago  County  is 
hardly  so  good  a  county  for  agricultural  purposes  as  its  western  neighbor, 
Stephenson.  The  soil  is  hardly  so  fat;  the  amount  of  poor  land  is  propor- 
tionately greater.  But  taking  into  account  its  manufacturing  interests  and 
facilities,  the  unexampled  fertility  and  Rhine-like  beauty  of  its  Rock  river 
valley,  and  the  enterprise  and  wealth  of  its  grove-besprinkled  city  of  Rock- 
ford,  it  would  puzzle  a  jury  to  decide  which  is  the  more  desirable  county, 

GEOLOGICAL    FORMATIONS. 

[Compiled  f 7^07/1  the  State  Geological  Report  of  1873,  Vol.  V.,pj).  84-93.] 

The  geology  of  Winnebago  County  is  of  the  simplest  character.  First, 
there  are  "the  usual  quaternary  deposits,  consisting  of  sand,  clays,  gravels, 
boulders,  subsoils  and  alluvium.  After  these,  the  three  well-known  divis- 
ions of  the  Trenton  limestone  outcrop  along  the  streams  and  hills,  and 
show  themselves  in  the  railroad  cuts,  wells  and  quarries  in  different  parts  of 
the  country.  These  are  the  Galena,  Blue  and  Buff  limestones  of  the  West- 
ern Geologists.  A  perpendicular  section,  as  near  as  we  can  construct  it, 
exhibits  the  following  strata: 

Quaternary  deposits.    Average  depth,  about. 15  feet. 

Galena  limestone - - ^6   '^| 

Blue  limestone 35 

Buft"  limestone -45 


228 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


The  measurements  of  the  Hmestones  were  made  at  actual  worked  out- 
crops. At  no  place  was  the  St.  Peter's  sandstone  discovered,  although  it  is 
supposed  that  it  comes  well  to  the  surface  about  Beloit  and  Rockton.  No 
remains  of  the  Cincinnati  group  were  discovered,  although  the  thickness  of 
the  Galena  indicated  that  patches  of  it  might  exist.  The  Trenton  lime- 
stones were  the  only  ones  exposed  or  dug  into  in  the  county. 

SURFACE  GEOLOGY. 

Alluvial  Deposits. — The  usual  alluvial  bottoms  exist  along  the  Rock, 
Pecatonica,  and  Sugar  rivers.  These  are  from  one  to  five  miles  in  width. 
On  the  two  latter  named  streams,  the  deposit  is  deep,  black,  fat  and  rich, 
supporting  in  places  a  heavy  growth  of  timber,  and,  where  cultivated,  af- 
fording the  usual  superior  Indian  corn  land  of  flat  river  bottoms.  The  de- 
posit along  Rock  river  is  not  so  rich,  being  composed  of  more  sands  and 
clays,  with  occasional  patches  and  strips  of  the  fatter  soils. 

Loess!^ — Some  of  the  blufts  along  Rock  river  are  in  part  composed  of 
loess  clays,  in  which  no  fluviatile  shells  were  noticed.  But  this  formation 
was  found  to  be  of  very  limited  extent. 

The  Drift  Proper. — The  drift,  a  subject  of  grave  discussion  among 
scientists  and  geologists,  is  very  largely  developed  in  this  county.  It  is 
composed  of  loose  detrital  matter,  often  of  considerable  thickness,  brought 
from  long  distances  and  deposited  over  large  areas  of  the  county.  The  ma- 
terials making  up  this  loose  mass  were  not  derived,  to  any  great  extent,  from 
the  underlying  Trenton  rocks,  but  came  from  the  metamorphic  regions  of 
the  north.  Whether  brought  by  the  currents  and  flow  of  the  waters,  or 
transported  adhering  to  the  sides  of  the  slow  moving,  pale  green  mountains, 
the  ice-bergs;  or  ground  and  pushed  and  moved  along  by  creeping,  all- 
powerful  glaciers,  will,  perhaps,  never  be  positively  known.  All  of  these 
causes  may  have  contributed  to  these  results,  but  the  appearance  of  the 
gravel  beds  themselves  indicates  the  long  continued  action  of  water.  This 
is  much  more  evident  in  Winnebago  County,  says  the  report,  than  in  the 
Stephenson  county  gravel  beds.  The  railroad  track  from  Beloit  to  Caledo- 
nia, every  few  miles,  cuts  through  the  top  of  long,  undulating  swells  of 
land.  These  swells  are  pure,  unmodified,  unstratified  drift.  They  are  made 
up  of  assorted  and  well  rounded  gravel  of  all  sizes,  from  that  of  a  pistol 
bullet  to  that  of  a  goose  ^^^.,  intermingled  with  a  white  or  yellowish-white 
sand,  and  occasional  small  i)oulders,  and  are  sometimes  ten  or  fifteen  feet  in 
thickness.  All  the  railroads  exhibit  the  same  beds  along  their  tracks, 
though  in  a  less  prominent  degree.  Every  township  in  the  county  has 
more  or  less  of  these  gravel  beds,  and  their  underlying  associate  deposits  of 
clay  and  sand.  Along  some  of  the  prairies,  and  in  the  little  streams,  huge 
boulders,  the  size  of  a  hay-cock  are  sometimes  found,  partially  sunk  into 
the  soil  by  their  great  weight.  Two  of  these  particularly  attracted  the  at- 
tention of  the  State  geologists.  One  was  as  black  as  night,  but  bisected 
through  the  middle  bv  a  flame  of  flesh-colored  granite  three-fourths  of  an 
inch  in  thickness.  They  once  saw  one  ])recisely  like  it,  and  evidently  from 
the  same  original  locality,  in  Clark  county,  Missouri.  The  other  was  flame- 
colored  and  planed  smooth  on  two  sides,  nearly  at  right  angles,  evidently 
by  glacial  action.  These  lost  or  transported  rocks,  the  story  of  whose  jour- 
ney from  the  north  is  wrapped  in  deep  mystery — clay  and  sand  banks,  with 
faint  lines  of  stratification  in  some  instances,  assorted  gravel  beds,  nuggets 

*Loess — To  loosen,  detach.    A  tertiary  deposit  on  tlie  banks  of  the  Khine. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  229 

and  boulders  of  copper,  rounded  to  smoothness  by  erosion  of  the  waters* 
all  these  left  in  their  present  positions  by  the  waves  of  the  retii-in_i^  seas, 
slightly  modified,  in  some  cases,  by  subsequent  agencies — make  the"  study 
of  the  drift  in  this  country  attractive,  and  are  full  of  lessons  of  thought  to 
the  contemplative  mind. 

THE   TRENTON    FORMATION. 

The  Galena  Zimestotie. — Two-thirds  of  "Winnebago  County  is  under- 
laid by  this  rock.  It  is  a  heavy-bedded,  yellowish,  cream-colored  dolomitic 
limestone,  compact,  irregular,  somewhat  crystaline  towards  the  middle  and 
bottom  strata,  light-colored,  porous,  crumbling,  and  full  of  sand  in  little 
cavities  towards  the  top.  In  some  localities  the  bottom  layers  pass  gradu- 
ally into  the  blue,  shaley  parts  of  the  Blue  division,  so  that  it  is  difficult  to 
place  the  line  of  demarcation  between  the  two.  An  imaginary  line  enter- 
ing the  county  about  the  southeast  corner  of  the  township  of  lioscoe,  drawn 
thence  in  a  southeast  course  until  Kock  river  is  reached;  thence  in  a  slight 
bend  towards  the  northwest  until  within  a  short  distance  of  the  Pecatonica, 
at  a  point  about  f  uir  miles  above  its  mouth;  thence  meandering  along  the 
Pecatonica  from  one  to  two  miles  south  of  the  thread  of  that  stream  until 
the  western  boundary  line  of  the  county  is  reached;  thence  starting  south 
and  keeping  around  the  boundary  line  to  the  place  of  beginning,  and  em- 
bracing about  two-thirds  of  the  county,  would  indicate  the  superficial  extent 
of  this  division,  to  which  might  be  added  a  narrow  strip  extending  from  the 
village  of  Pecatonica  up  towards  and  nearly  to  the  northwest  corner  of  the 
county.  The  most  notable  quarries  and  outcrops  within  these  boi;ndaries 
are  the  following:  The  first  heavy  outcrop  of  the  Galena  limestone  is  on 
Rock  river,  about  three  miles  above  Rockford.  A  high  bluff  on  the  north 
bank  of  the  river  presents  a  bold  escarpment  some  seventy -five  feet  in  height. 
Here  a  large  quarry  has  been  opened.  The  stones  are  hard,  compact,  and 
sub-crystal ine,  and  burn  into  the  very  best  quick-lime.  Large  quantities  of 
this  stone  are  transported  down  to  Rockford  and  burned  into  lime  at  the  New 
York  lime-kiln.  The  next  heavy  outcrops  are  found  at  Rockford.  Along 
the  Prairie  ridge,  one  mile  east  of  Rockford,  there  is  an  exposure  of  about 
forty  feet  in  thickness,  where  a  light-colored,  whitish,  friable  stone  is  quar- 
ried to  a  considerable  extent.  In  a  timbered  ridge,  about  one  mile  north 
of  the  fair  grounds,  there  is  another  deposit  of  about  ninety-six  feet  in 
thickness,  where  the  quarrymen  have  penetrated  entirely  through  the 
Galena  limestone,  and  entered  the  Blue  limestone  below  it.  The  line  of 
demarkation  is  strongly  defined.  Three  miles  below  the  city,  in  a  bluff  on  the 
west  side  of  the  river,  is  a  worked  out  crop  thirty-five  feet  thick.  Still 
farther  down  the  river,  and  near  the  Ogle  county  line,  is  an  exposure  in  the 
timber,  about  six  feet  in  depth.  Thus  the  valley  of  Rock  river,  for  two- 
thirds  of  its  extent  in  Winnebajfb  County,  is  hollowed  out  of  the  Galena 
limestone. 

In  all  the  cuts  and  excavations  along  the  line  of  the  Galena  division  of 
the  JSTorth-Western  railroad,  which  enters  the  county  near  the  village  of 
Pecatonica  on  the  west,  and  leaves  it  on  the  east  line,  lead-bearing  rocks  are 
shown.  At  Cherry  Yalley  a  heavy  quarry  of  these  cream-colored  limestones 
has  been  worked.  The  massive  stone  for  the  railroad  bridge  and  piers  at 
this  place,  was  taken  from  this  quarry.  From  a  crevice  in  this  quarry 
several  nuggets  of  pure  copper  were  taken,  the  larger  of  which  were  sold  to 
tinners,  or  found  their  way  into  eastern  museums.     Two  and  a  half  miles 


230  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

below  Cherry  Yalley,  on  the  Kishwaukee,  is  another  quarry,  at  which  a 
h*me-kihi  has  been  operated.  At  Trink's  quarry,  a  mile  farther  clown,  there 
is  an  exposure  of  fifteen  or  twenty  feet,  from  which  many  cords  of  stone 
.have  been  taken. 

One  ot  the  heaviest  outcrops  is  found  a  little  east  of  the  station  of 
Harlem,  on  the  line  of  the  railroad  leading  from  Rock  ford  to  Caledonia. 
The  cut  passes  through  a  rocky  hill,  several  hundred  yards  in  length  and 
about  eighty  f.-et  in  depth  at  the  comb  of  the  elevation.  The  strata  here 
are  massive  and  solid,  and  furnish  splendid  material  for  heavy  masonry. 
The  top  of  the  hill  is  covered  with  a  fine,  limey,  white  clay.  Gravel  and 
boulders  also  abound  in  the  neighl)orliood.  About  Winnebago,  Argyle,  and 
along  south  of  Harrison,  are  a  number  of  light  quarries  worked  into  the 
Galena.  Without  particularizing,  says  the  report,  all  that  part  of  the  county 
bounded  by  our  imaginary  line  circumscribing  the  Galena,  is  underlaid,  at 
no  great  depth,  by  this  famous  lead-bearing  rock.  The  only  fossil  found  in 
abundance  is  the  characteristic  Receptaculitea  sulcata.  Quarrymen  and 
miners  speak  of  it  as  the  "honey-comb,"  "sunflower  coral,"  or  ''lead  fossil." 
Specimens  are  numerous,  but  generally  break  to  pieces  before  finding  their 
way  into  the  cabinet,  on  account  of  the  friable  nature  of  the  upper  strata  in 
which  they  are  mostly  found. 

The  Blue  Limestone. — The  Blue  limestone,  or  Trenton  proper  of  the 
older  western  geologists,  next  succeeds  the  Galena  in  the  descending  order. 
It  is  largely  developed  in  the  northern  and  northwestern  part  of  the  county. 
It  is  here  a  thin-bedded,  bluish-gray  limestone,  calcareous,  or  with  a  lime 
base — but  some  of  the  shaley  partings  have  a  clayey  base.  In  the  bottom 
of  the  deeper  quarries,  a  very  blue  stratum  always  exists.  This  is  massive 
and  conchoidal  or  glassy  in  fracture,  and  in  the  mining  region  is  known  as 
the  "glass  rock."  A  line  drawn  from  a  point  in  the  western  boundary  line 
of  the  county,  some  two  or  three  miles  north  of  where  the  Pecatonica  river 
enters  it,  along  the  north  edge  of  the  alluvial  bottom  of  this  stream  to  a 
locality  about  midway  between  Shirland  and  Rockton;  thence  east  of  north 
to  the  northern  boundary  line  of  the  county;  thence  M^est  round  the  county 
line  to  the  place  of  beginning,  would  bound  the  superficial  area  underlaid 
by  this  deposit,  except  that  the  extreme  western  part  occasionally  shows 
beds  of  passage  into  the  overlying  Galena,  and  except  that  a  considerable 
patch  of  the  Blue  rocks  exist  in  the  extreme  northeastern  part  of  the  county. 

The  first  and  second  railroad  cuts  east  of  Shirland,  made  by  the  West- 
ern Union  railroad  in  excavating  for  their  track,  afford  the  best  exposure 
examined  for  investigating  the  Blue  limestones  of  the  Trenton  series.  The 
first  is  about  eight  hundred  feet  long  and  thirty  feet  deep;  the  second  is 
about  four  hundred  and  fifty  feet  long  and  fifteen  feet  deep.  The  rocks  are 
of  a  whitish-gray  color,  with  conchoidal  fracture,  becoming  darker  colored 
as  the  lower  strata  of  the  quarries  are  reached.  Further  west,  about  Durant, 
the  stone  shows  a  nearer  approximation,  in  lithological  characters,  to  the 
Galena.  The  elevations  here  are  capped  with  the  latter  rock.  The  Sugar 
river  hills  are  rock-ribbed  with  the  division  of  the  Trenton. 

The  fossils  noticed  in  the  railroad  cuts  near  Shirland  are  numerous, 
but  mostly  small  and  fragmentary.  Some  of  the  thinner  and  more  shaly 
strata  are  covered  with  shells,  fragments  of  trilobites,  stems  of  the  en- 
crinites,  and  pieces  of  corals,  so  thick  as  to  resemble  masses  of  fossils 
stuck  together  by  some  adhesive  paste. 

The  Bu^  Limestone. — This  is  an  unevenly  bedded,  somewhat  argilla- 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  231 

ceons  or  clayey,  dolomite.  For  the  most  part,  it  is  of  a  light  yellowish  or 
brownish  color,  shading  into  blue  towards  the  bottom  of  tlie  quarries.  It 
is  not  very  homogeneous  in  composition  or  stratification,  presenting  in 
some  of  its  layers  an  earthy,  and  in  some  a  crystaline,  appearance.  In 
every  outcrop  worked  to  any  considerable  extent  the  lower  layers  become 
quite  massive,  and  of  a  dark  blue  color.  When  first  removed  from  the 
quarry,  this  blue  stone  presents  a  beautiful  appearance,  and  no  materials 
make  handsomer  mason  work,  but  when  exposed  to  tlie  weather  for  some 
length  of  time  the  dark,  rich,  blue  color  fades  into  dirty  whitish  blue.  It 
makes  a  good  building  stone,  but  on  account  of  its  earthy  base  does  not 
burn  into  good  lime.  But  a  limited  j^ortion  of  the  county  is  underlaid  by 
this  formation. 

Fossils. — The  characteristic  fossils  of  the  buff  limestone,  observed  at 
Ilockton,consist  of  fragments  and  indistinct  traces  of  fucoids:  "^ (J epJicdopoda, 
of  the  genus  Orthoceras,  Cyrtoceras,  and  Lituites;  Gasteropoda,  of  the  genera 
Pleurotoriiaria  and  Miirchlsonla\  Brachiopoda,  of  the  genera  Orthis  and 
Strophomena;  LaineUihranchiata,  of  the  genera  Tellinomya  and  Amljoriy- 
chia;  and  zoophytes,  or  corals  in  fragments. 

T\\Q  PJeuTotomaria  subconica,Oncoceras  pandion, Tellinomya  cuneata, 
Onnoceras  teiivifilitm,  Tellinomya  ventricosa,  and  species  of  Orthocera 
and  Amhonychla,  are  the  fossils  occurring  in  the  greatest  abundance.  The 
easts  of  some  of  these  come  out  in  great  perfection. 

*CephaIjOPODA. — Having  a  head  furnished  with  arms  for  feet,  as  tlie  cuttle  fish.  It  is 
a  snail  shell  and  not  a  bivalve. 

OiiTHOCERA. — Greek  for  straight  liorn ;  is  a  segmented-chambered  shell. 

Cyktocera. — Greek  for  bent  horn ;  same  as  above,  only  bent. 

LiTUiTES. — Differs  slightly  from  above  in  connection  between  segments. 

Gasteropoda.— Greek  for  sto  nach-footed,  i.  e.,  having  feet  on  the  arms  about  the 
stomach,  like  the  common  snail. 

Pi.EUROTOMARiA. — A  spccies  of  the  above,  but  with  square  outer  surface  to  the  whirls. 

MuRCHisoNiA. — A  long  steeple  shell  named  from  Sir  R.  I.  Murchison,  an  eminent 
English  geologist. 

Brachiopoda. — Like  an  ordinary  bivalve,  in  which  the  mouth  of  the  animal  faces  the 
corner  of  the  shell;  Orthis  family,  a  thin  D-shaped  bivalve;  Strophomena,  a  variety  of  the 
Oi'this.  the  ditference  being  in  the  hinge. 

LameijLIbranchiata. — A  laminated  shell,  the  animal  having  a  mantle  reaching  out  to 
the  edge  of  the  shell,  like  an  oyster. 

Tellinomya. — A  genus  of  marine  bivalve. 

Amboxychia. — A  species  of  marine  clam  shells. 

Oncoceras. — A  species  of  Orthoceras. 

ECONOMICAL  GEOLOGY. 

Building  Stone. — Stone  adapted  to  building  purposes  is  plentiful. 
The  quarries  at  Harlem  and  Cherry  Yalley  furnish  excellent  materials  for 
solid  and  massive  masonry.  Many  of  the  private  residences  in  Rockford.  as 
well  as  the  public  school  building,  are  built  from  stone  taken  from  the  Rock- 
ford  quarry.  These  buildings  present  a  rich  cream  colored  appearance 
and  beauty  that  cannot  be  easily  excelled.  The  general  appearance  is 
superior  to  walls  built  up  with  the  famous  Milwaukee  brick. 

The  Buff  and  Blue  limestone  also  furnish  stone  of  good  quality  for  all 
ordinary  mason  work. 

Lime. — The  Buff  limestone  of  Rockton  does  not  burn  a  good  quick- 
lime, but,  if  properly  managed,  would  no  doubt  return  a  good  lime  for 
hydraulic  uses.     Some  of  the  Blue  limestone  makes  a  fair  quicklime,  but 


232  HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

the  Galena  excels  all  others  in  the  quality  of  this  useful  material.  It  can 
be  obtained  in  inexhaustible  quantities  from  convenient  quarries. 

Sands  and  Clays. — Sands  lor  all  economical  purposes  are  found  almost 
anywhere  along  the  river  banks  or  from  thickly  strewn  drift  deposits. 
Clay  for  good  common  red  brick  is  abundant  in  almost  any  of  the  under- 
lying subsoils. 

Mineral  Wealth. — Of  this  the  county  possesses  very  little.  Although 
covered  to  so  large  an  extent  by  the  real  lead-bearing  rocks,  no  bodies  of 
mineral  have  ever  been  found  in  the  county.  Some  traces  of  lead  have 
been  found  in  many  of  the  worked  exposures,  and  bits  of  iloat  mineral 
are  sometimes  picked  up  in  the  gravel  beds,  but  these  are  simply  matters 
of  curiosity,  and  do  not  denote  any  workable  deposits  of  lead  ore. 

Bog  iron  ore  exists  about  many  of  the  springs,  but  is  worthless  for  eco- 
nomical purposes.  Copper  in  its  pure  state  has  often  been  met  with.  No 
deposits  of  the  metal  exist.  It  is  all  float  material,  found  in  connection 
with  the  drifts.  The  largest  boulder  or  nugget  ever  found  was  by  a  rail- 
road laborer  in  the  southeast  part  of  the  county.  Its  weight  was  fourteen 
pounds.  Another  nugget  of  several  pounds'  weight  was  found  in  digging 
a  well  some  thirty  feet  below  the  surface.  While  these  are  matters  of 
interesting  speculation,  they  do  not  add  much  to  the  economical  uses  of  the 
county. 

Peat. — The  land  is  too  well  drained  to  afford  favorable  conditions  for 
the  irrowth  of  this  useful  material.     I^o  beds  of  value  have  ever  been  found. 


INDIAN  ANTIQUITIES. 

The  Indian  race  is  fast  fading  away  before  the  resistless  march  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon  race,  and  at  his  present  rapid  rate  of  decrease  the  Indian  will 
soon  be  a  historic  name.  But  he  has  left  memorials  which  will  last  when 
the  proudest  builded  monuments  of  his  all-conquering  foes  have  crumbled 
into  oblivion.  The  geography  and  significance  of  our  Indian  names  is  a 
wonderful  subject.  Flint  arrow  points  and  spear  heads  are  frequently 
picked  up,  while  stone  axes  and  smooth,  oblong  instruments,  sharp  at  one 
end,  and  used  for  skinning  animals,  are  of  not  unfrequent  finding. 

The  mound  builders,  whoever  they  were,  once  swarmed  in  the  valleys 
and  woodlands,  sat  down  upon  every  picturesque  spot  along  the  streams, 
and  left  their  mound-builded  structures  as  memorial  monuments  of  their 
busy  lives.  These  things  do  not  belong  to  the  geology  of  the  county,  and 
are  only  introduced  here  because  tbey  are  subjects  of  interest  to  thoughtful 
men. 

Three  classes  of  these  mounds  have  been  noticed  in  this  county — the 
common  round  mound,  from  ten  to  fifteen  feet  in  diameter,  and  from  two 
and  a  half  to  five  feet  high.  There  is  a  large  group  of  them  on  the  banks 
of  Kock  River,  six  or  seven  miles  below  Rockford.  At  many  other  places 
along  the  river  they  exist  in  scattered  groups.  On  the  north  bank  of  the 
river,  within  the  city  limits  of  Rockford,  several  large  ones  are  preserved 
in  private  grounds.  But  by  far  the  largest  number  of  them  are  found  on 
the  banks  of  the  Kishwaukee,  in  the  southeastern  part  of  the  county,  near 
the  confluence  of  the  two  streams  of  that  name.  Scores  of  them  are  scat- 
tered about  there,  and  scores  more  have  been  nearly  obliterated  by  the 
sacriligious   hand   of    the  plowman.     The  older  inhabitants  recall   many 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


233 


occ-asions   where   bands  of   Indians,  pilgrim-like,  returned   to  these   silent 
mounds  and  held  over  them  for  dajs  their  mystic  rites. 

The  oblong  shaped  mound  is  of  much  rarer  occurrence.  At  the  locality 
in  Kockford,  already  alluded  to,  there  is  a  very  remarkable  one.  Lt  is  one 
hundred  and  thirty  feet  long,  about  twelve  feet  wide  at  the  base,  and  three 
or  four  feet  high.  Near  by  this  one  is  a  mound  of  the  third  class,  or  those 
having  a  fanciful  resemblance  to  some  form  of  animal  life.  In  Ilockford 
it  is  called  the  "Turtle  Mound,"  but  it  resembles  more  an  alligator  with  its 
head  cut  otf  than  it  does  a  turtle.  Its  dimensions  are:  Whole  length,  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet;  width,  opposite  fore  legs,  fifty  feet;  width,  opposite 
hind  legs,  thirtj'-nine  feet;  length  of  tail,  from  point  opposite  hind  legs  to 
end  of  tail,  one  hundred  and  ten  feet;  length  from  a  point  opposite  hind  to 
a  point  opposite  fore  legs,  thirty-three  feet;  distance  from  opposite  fore 
legs  to  where  neck  should  begin,  fifteen  feet.  The  figure  lies  up  and  down 
the  river,  on  a  line  almost  north  and  south,  the  tail  extending  northward. 
The  body  rises  into  a  mound  as  high  as  a  standing  man.  The  feet  and  tail 
gradually  extend  into  the  greensward,  growing  less  distinct  and  indefinable, 
until  they  cannot  be  distinguished  from  the  surrounding  sod.  The  eftigy, 
whether  of  alligator,  lizard,  or  turtle,  seems  to  be  headless,  and  no  depres- 
sion in  the  surrounding  soil  would  indicate  that  the  materials  out  of  which 
it  is  constructed  were  obtained  in  its  immediate  vicinity.  It  is  a  curious 
structure,  and  one  would  like  to  know  its 
true  history  as  he  looks  upon  its  partially 
defaced  form.  What  were  its  uses,  and 
who  builded  its  uncouth  animal  propor- 
tions, may  be  better  answered  by  the  re- 
searches of  the  antiquarian  than  by  the 
geologist  or  historian. 

In  prosecuting  a  search  in  one  of  these 
mounds  for  relics,  August  12,  1874,  Hi- 
ram R.  Enoch,  Esq.,  Editor  of  the  Rock- 
ford  Journal^  uncovered  a  gypsum  tablet 
bearing  the  inscriptions  represented  on 
the  subjoined  engraving. 

The  tablet  was  about  three-eighths  of 
an  inch  in  thickness.  The  mound  from 
which  it  was  taken  was  located  six  miles 
below  Rockford,  and  was  about  seven  feet 
in  height.  The  tablet  was  found  at  the 
bottom  of  the  mound,  on  a  level  with  the 
surrounding  claim. 

The  figures  as  represented  on  this  cut 
are  reversed  from  those  on  the  "tablet." 
They  should  change  sides,  yet  face  towards 
the  central  fiirure  as  now. 


234  HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


GENERAL  HISTORY. 

We  left  Germanicus  Kent  and  Thatcher  Blake,  the  first  permanent 
settlers  of  Winnebago  Connty  and  the  real  founders  of  Rockford,  together 
with  the  few  men  who  accompanied  them,  going  into  camp  on  Kent's 
Creek,  on  their  return  from  Galena  with  teams,  supplies,  etc.,  preparatory 
to  beginning  improvements  on  the  claims  they  had  selected  in  August. 
From  this  point  we  take  up  the  text  of  the  Past  and  Present  of  Winne- 
bago County,  and  will  seek  to  make  it  as  detailed  and  accurate  as  accessible 
data  will  permit.  That  some  errors  will  occur  in  the  dates  and  the  names 
of  prominent  characters  in  the  county's  history,  cannot  be  denied,  but 
studious  care  will  be  taken  to  avoid  as  many  such  inaccuracies  as  possible. 

The  first  work  undertaken  by  these  pioneers  was  the  erection  of  a 
cabin  12x14  feet,  which  was  soon  completed.  The  site  selected  for  that 
house  was  on  the  south  side  of  what  are  now  the  grounds  of  Mr.  Robert  H. 
Tinker,  on  the  north  side  of  Kent's  Creek,  and  only  a  few  rods  from  what 
is  now  Main  street.  Their  rude  cabin  completed,  preparations  were  under- 
taken for  the  erection  of  the  saw  mill.  The  timber  for  this  mill  was  taken 
from  the  finest  on  the  east  side  of  the  river  on  the  grounds  now  occupied 
by  the  Rockford  Female  Seminary.  In  November,  after  the  timber  for  the 
mill  had  been  hewn  out  and  hauled  to  the  ground  where  it  was  to  be 
erected,  Mr.  Kent  returned  to  Galena,  where  he  remained  during  the  winter, 
making  only  one  trip  to  the  site  of  his  new  home  towards  spring  to  bring 
down  supplies.  While  the  other  men  were  hard  at  work  on  the  mill,  Mr. 
Blake  erected  a  cabin  in  the  grove  on  the  claim  he  had  selected,  in  which 
himself,  Jeiferson  Garner,  Squier  Garner  and  Joseph  Garner,  the  mill  men, 
spent  the  winter  of  1834-5. 

The  next  settler  came  in  the  early  part  of  April,  1835.  The  first  in- 
timation the  founders  of  Rockford  had  of  his  coming  was  the  sight  of  his 
covered  wagon  on  the  east  side  of  the  river.  The  ice  had  not  all  gone  out 
of  the  river,  but  had  become  somewhat  w^eakened  by  the  mildness  of 
the  weather.  Messrs.  Kent  and  Blake  (Kent  had  just  brought  down  the 
supplies  spoken  of  above)  crossed  the  river,  and  met  Daniel  Shaw  Haight. 
Accompanying  Haight  were  two  or  three  other  men  who  were  on  an  explor- 
ing expedition.  Haight  selected  a  claim  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  and 
in  a  short  time  returned  to  Geneva  for  his  wife  and  family.  In  May  he 
came  back,  bringing  in  addition  to  his  wife  and  one  child,  his  wife's  sister, 
a  Miss  Carey,  and  a  hired  man — Mrs.  Haight  and  her  sister  being  the  first 
white  women  to  visit  and  become  settlers  at  Rockford.  For  a  time,  and 
until  a  cabin  could  be  built,  and  this  was  delayed  until  Haight  made  a  sec- 
ond trip  to  Geneva  to  bring  up  the  balance  of  their  household  goods,  the 
family  lived  under  the  wide  spreading  boughs  of  a  burr  oak  tree.  Haight 
was  a  native  of  Balton,  Warren  county,  New  York,  from  whence,  a  year  or 
two  previous  to  his  appearance  on  Rock  River,  he  had  moved  to  and 
selected  a  claim  in  Kane  county,  near  Geneva.  He  sold  that  claim  to  a 
Mr.  Harrington,  father  of  Mr.  Gus.  Harrington,  who,  in  after  years, 
became  a  noted  Democratic  politician.  Haight's  cabin  was  the  first  one 
built  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  and  was  a  double  cabin,  that  is,  a  cabin  of 
two  rooms  about  the  same  size.  It  afterwards  became  a  place  ot  note,  serv- 
ing in  ^turn  as  hotel,  meeting  house,  post  office,  circuit  court  room,  etc. 
These  first  cabins  were  very  primitive  afiairs,  but  the  manner  of  their  con- 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  235 

struction  has  been  so  often  described  as  to  render  au  additional  descrip- 
tion superfluous.  Suffice  it  to  say,  that  Ilaight's  cabin  was  made  and  fin- 
ished without  nails.  Door  hinges  were  made  of  wood;  the  floors  of  pun- 
cheons, logs  split  in  thicknesses  of  three  or  four  inches,  one  side  dressed 
down  with  a  broad-ax,  and  the  ends  of  the  other  side,  where  they  were  to 
rest  on  tiie  sleepers,  dressed  down  to  a  level  in  like  manner.  There  were 
no  attempts  at  building  frame  houses  until  183(),  when  Bundy  and  Goodhue 
built  a  frame  store  house,  on  what  is  now  lot  one  on  block  eight.  The 
floors  were  made  from  sawed  lumber,  the  siding  from  split  stull,  and  the 
studding  from  small  saplings  hewed  on  either  side.  Thomas  Lake  and 
Sidney  Two  good  were  the  carpenters. 

Kent's  mill  enterprise  met  with  its  set-backs.  Soon  after  they  came  in 
the  fall  of  ISM,  tliey  commenced  to  build  the  dam,  but  in  January  follow- 
ing, when  the  ice  was  sixteen  inches  in  thickness,  a  thaw  came,  the  creek 
began  to  rise,  and,  breaking  over  its  icy  barrier,  the  water  rushed  down  in 
one  huge  torrent  and  carried  the  dam  away,  together  with  huge  pieces  of 
shelving  rock  that  cropped  out  along  the  banks  of  the  creek.  Early  in  the 
spring,  workmen  commenced  digging  the  race,  hut  the  re-building  of  the 
dam  was  not  undertaken  until  in  June,  nor  was  the  mill  completed  until 
July.  In  the  fall  of  1834,  Kent  had  commenced  to  build  a  good  log  house, 
which  was  completed  in  the  spring  following,  and  into  which  his  family 
moved  immediately  on  their  arrival  from  Galena,  Kent's  claim  embraced 
a  section  of  land  including  Mr.  Tinder's  estate,  extending  south  as  far  as 
Montague's  addition;  on  the  west,  it  included  the  property  of  S.  M.  Church, 
and  extended  north  to  State  street,  the  eastern  line  following  the  bank  of 
Kock  river.  The  vast  manufacturing  establishments  that  followed  the 
building  of  the  Rock  river  dam,  are  located  on  a  part  of  the  Kent  claim, 
the  ownership  of  which  land,  if  now  vested  in  one  man,  would  be  an  im- 
mense fortune.  Blake's  claim  included  the  northwest  quarter  of  section 
twenty,  and  the  southwest  quarter  of  section  twenty-nine.  The  third  claim 
was  made  by  Mr.  Kent  for  an  Englishman,  named  John  Wood,  a  former 
superintendent  of  the  Bell  Factory  cotton  and  woolen  mills,  about  nine 
miles  from  Huntsville,  Alabama,  owned  and  operated  by  Messrs.  Fatten, 
Donaghon  &  Co.,  of  which  firm  Mr.  Kent  had  been  a  member.  This  claim 
was  made  in  the  fall  of  1834,  but  Mr.  Wood  did  not  come  to  occupy  it 
until  the  spring  of  1835.  These  claims  were  all  located  on  the  west  side  of 
the  river.  James  Boswell  made  the  second  claim  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river  soon  after  Ilaight's  arrival. 

In  June,  1835,  the  Rockford  settlement  numbered  only  eleven  persons. 
The  first  religious  services  held  at  Rockford  were  at  the  house  of  Germani- 
cus  Kent,  on  the  second  Sunday  of  June,  1835,  and  were  conducted  by  his 
brother.  Rev.  Aratus  Kent,  of  Galena.  On  that  occasion  every  soul  in 
Rockford  attended  divine  service.  The  audience  was  composed  of  Mrs. 
Haight  and  Miss  Carey,  her  sister,  Mrs.  Kent  and  Germanicus  Kent, 
Thatcher  l>lake,  Albert  San  ford,  Daniel  S.  Haight  and  his  hired  man,  and 
Kent's  mill -Wright,  a  Mr.  Van  Zandt. 

The  first  claim  was  made  here  in  1834.  During  that  winter  and  up  to 
the  second  Sunday  in  June  following,  the  population  numbered  only  eleven 
persons,  whose  names  we  have  just  repeated.  In  the  latter  part  of  that  year 
an  increase  of  the  following  names  had  been  added:  Ephraim  Wyman, 
Wm.  E.  Dunbar,  John  Yance,  Eliphalet  Gregory,  P.  P.  Churchill,  Mr.  — 
Smith,  Lewis  Haskius,  Joseph  Jolly,  John  Caton,  Chas.  Hall,  Milton  Kil- 


236  HISTORY   OF   WI«s[NEBAGO   COUNTY. 

burn,  Ltike  Joslin,  Israel  Morrell,  D.  A.  Spauldiug,  Leva  Gov  and  Adam 
Keith.  There  maj  have  been  some  others,  says  the  authority,  from  which 
we  quote,  that  have  been  overlooked.  These  names  increased  the  Rockford 
population  to  twenty-seven  adults,  in  the  fall  of  1835.  But  these  were  not 
ah  that  had  come  in  and  claimed  an  abiding  place  in  what  is  now  Winne- 
bago County.  Settlements  had  been  commenced  in  different  parts  of  the 
county,  and  according  to  a  speech  delivered  before  the  early  settlers  in 
Rockford,  in  June,  1860,  by  Selden  M.  Church,  there  were  the  following 
settlers  in  what  are  now  the  different  townships,  in  the  summer  of  1835: 

JVew  Milford. — Samuel  Brown,  Wm.  R.  Wheeler,  Richard  Hoga- 
boom,  Phineas  M.  Johnson,  John  Adams,  James  Campbell,  John  B.  Long, 
and  a  Mr.  Paddleford. 

Guilford. — Henry  Enoch,  Wm.  H.  Enoch,  J.  A.  Pike,  Abraham  I. 
Enoch,  John  Kelsoe,  Mr.  Rexford,  Jas.  Sayre,  Abel  C.  Gleason.  John  Brink 
and  Wm.  C.  Blair. 

Butler  (now  Cherry  Yalley). — Joseph  P.  Briggs. 

Harlem. — Wm.  Mead,  Chauncy  Mead  and  Zerari  Butler. 

lioscoe. — Robert  J.  Cross,  Robert  Logan,  Elijah  H.  Brown  and  Wm. 
Bray  ton. 

Rochton.—T\\o^.  B.  Talcott,  Wm.  Talcott,  Henry  Talcott,  John  F. 
Thayre,  Isaac  Adams,  Pearly  P.  Burnham,  Darius  Adams,  David  A.  Blake, 
Ellison  Blake,  John  Kilgore  and  John  Lovessee. 

Oioen. — ^Jas.  B.  Lee  and  Richard  M.  Walker. 

Burritt. — Isaac  Hame,  John  S.  Mcintosh,  A.  M.  Shearman,  John 
Manchester  and  family,  Elias  Trask  and  Alva  Trask. 

Lymnder  (now  Pecatonica). — Ephraim  Sumner,  Wm.  Sumner,  Mrs. 
Dolly  Guilford,  Elijah  Guilford  and  Thos.  Hame. 

Elida  (now  Winnebago). — David  A.  Holt. 

Howard  (now  Durand). — Harvey  Lowe  and  Nelson  Salisbury.  These 
parties  made  claims  in  1835,  but  did  not  occupy  them  till  the  spring 
of  1836. 

Seward. — Thomas  Williams,  Joseph  Yauce,  Austin  Andrews  and 
Edmund  Whittlesy. 

Harrison. — Joseph  Miner,  Albert  Fancher,  Eli  Burbank,  and  a  Mr. 
Barneby. 

The  names  above  given  only  represent  the  heads  of  families  and  un- 
married men,  making  a  total  of  81. 

In  the  fall  of  1835  a  rapid  increase  of  immigration  set  in,  which  was 
kept  up  from  that  time  forward.  In  1836-7,  the  increase  was  very  large. 
As  each  new  comer  was  pleased  or  displeased  with  the  country,  so  were  their 
friends  in  the  old  home  influenced.  But  few  were  dissatisfied,  however,  and 
their  glowing  letters  descriptive  of  the  beauty  of  the  landscape,  fertility  of 
the  soil,  etc.,  were  only  incentives  to  increased  immigration. 

In  the  summer  and  fall  of  1835,  the  necessity  for  some  kind  of  local  gov- 
ernment began  to  be  agitated,  and  steps  were  taken  to  organize  the  county. 
In  January,  1836,  an  act  was  passed  by  the  Legislature  for  the  organization 
of  Winnebago,  Kane  and  Ogle  counties.  That  act  defined  the  county  lines 
of  Winnebago  as  follows:  "  Commencing  at  the  southeast  corner  of  town- 
ship number  forty-three,  range  number  four,  east  of  the  third  principal 
meridian;  thence  west  to  said  meridian;  thence  north,  along  a  line  of  said 
meridian,  to  the  southeast  corner  of  township  number  twenty-six,  in  range 
number  eleven,  east  of  the  fourth  principal  meridian;    thence  west  to  the 


^ 


^-^■^ 


{DECEASED 

ROCKTON 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  239 

dividing  line  between  ranges  numbers  seven  and  eight;  thence  north  alono- 
said  dividing  line,  to  the  northern  boundary  of  the  State;  thence  east  along 
said  boundary  line,  to  the  northeast  corner  of  range  four,  east  of  the  third 
principal  meridian;  thence  south  to  the  place  of  beginning." 

As  thus  defined,  Winnebago  included  all  of  the  present  county  of 
Boone,  and  the  two  tier  of  townships  on  the  western  part  of  Stephenson 
County.  Boone  was  set  off  and  erected  into  a  separate  county  in  the  winter 
of  1836-7,  the  first  election  being  held  on  the  first  Monday  of  May,  1837. 
Stephenson  was  created  a  year  or  two  later. 

The  same  act  designated  Robert  Stephens  and  Rezin  Zorley,  of  Cook 
county,  and  John  Phelps,  of  Jo.  Daviess  County,  as  commissioners  to 
"  establish  the  permanent  seat  of  justice  of  Winnebago  County,"  and  ap- 
pointed the  first  Monday  in  May  of  the  same  year  as  the  time,  and  the 
house  of  Daniel  S.  Haight  as  the  place,  where  they  should  meet  preparatory 
to  a  discharge  of  their  duties  as  such  commissioners. 

Section  8,  of  the  same  act,  provided  that,  until  public  buildings  should 
be  erected,  the  courts  should  be  held  at  the  house  of  Germanicus  Kent  or 
Daniel  S.  Ilaight,  as  the  county  commissioners  should  direct. 

The  law  under  which  the  county  was  organized  required  that  there 
should  be  three  hundred  and  fifty  legal  voters  before  the  county  could  hold 
an  election.  Dr.  Daniel  H.  Whitney  undertook  the  task  of  census-taker, 
and  succeeded  in  obtaining  the  requisite  number  of  names,  which  evidence 
was  submitted  to  Hon.  Thomas  H.  Ford,  then  Circuit  Judge,  who  gave  the 
necessary  order  for  the  election.  At  that  time,  and  from  the  adoption  of 
the  constitution  under  which  Illinois  Territory  had  been  admitted  into  the 
union  as  a  sovereign  and  independent  state,  the  county  and  state  elections 
were  held  on  the  first  Monday  in  August  annually.  Since  then  the  time 
has  been  changed  to  IS^ovember.  At  the  same  time  Judge  Ford  ordered  the 
election,  he  appointed  Germanicus  Kent,  of  Rockford,  Joseph  P.  Griggs,  of 
Cherry  Valley  (then  Butler  precinct),  and  Robert  J,  Cross,  of  Roscoe,  as 
judges  or  inspectors  of  the  election. 

ISTot withstanding  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1836,  had  been  appointed 
by  Legislative  enactment  for  the  meeting  of  the  commissioners  to  locate 
the  county  seat,  they  delayed  meeting  for  the  discharge  of  the  trust  reposed 
in  them  until  the  fourteenth  of  July  following. 

In  August,  1835,  Nicholas  Boilvin,  of  Chicago,  aided  by  a  Major 
Campbell,  (said  to  have  been  a  resident  of  Ottawa)  purchased  of  Catherine 
Mayott,  a  woman  of  Indian  extraction,  her  right  to  an  unlocated  section  of 
land,  for  the  sum  of  eight  hundred  dollars.  This  land,  as  was  shown  by 
subsequent  events,  belonged  jointly  to  Nicholas  Boilvin,  a  free  trader,  of 
Chicago,  Charles  Reed,  of  Joliet,  and  Major  Campbell.  The  instrument  of 
writing  conveying  this  right  of  ownership  from  Catherine  Mayott  to  the 
parties  above  named  was  the  first  deed  entered  on  record  in  Winnebago 
County,  and,  as  the  land  it  conveyed  entered  largely  into  the  early  history 
of  the  county,  we  copy  it  entire  : 

Know  all  men  by  these  presents,  that  I,  Catharine  Mayott,  of  the  town  of  Chica,o;o,  and 
State  of  Illinois,  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  sum  of  eight  hundred  dollars,  to  me  in  hand 
well  and  truly  paid  by  my  relative  and  friend,  Nicholas  Boilvin,  of  said  Chicago,  the  receipt 
whereof  I  hereby  acknowledge,  have  granted,  bargained,  sold  and  conveyed,  and  by  these 
presents  do  grant,  bargain,  sell  and  convey  unto  the  said  Nicholas  Boilvin,  his  heirs,  execu- 
tors and  assigns,  the  unlocated  section  of  land  which  was  granted  to  me  by  the  littii  article 
of  the  treaty  between  the  United  States  and  the  Winnebago  Nation  of  Indians,  made  and 
concluded  at  Prairie  du  Chien,  on  the  first  day  of  August,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one 


240  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

thousand  eight  hundred  and  twenty-nine,  (the  other  section  granted  to  me  having  been  sold 
to  Henry  Gratiot),  toi^ether  with  all  the  right,  title,  interest,  claim  and  control  which  I,  the 
said  Catharine  Muyott,  have,  or  may,  or  can  have,  by  virtue  of  the  treaty  aforesaid.  To  have 
and  to  hold  to  him,  the  said  Nicholas  Boilvin,  his  heirs,  executors  and  assigns,  to  his  and 
their  sole  use  and  behoof  forever.  And  furthermore,  I,  the  said  Catharine,  for  myself,  my 
heirs,  executors  and  assigns,  hereby  covenant,  promise  and  agree  to  and  with  the  said  Nicii- 
olas  Boilvin,  his  heirs,  executors  and  assigns,  that  all  acts  and  doings  in  the  premises  which 
have  hitherto  been  done,  or  may  yet  be  performed  under  tlie  direction  or  authority  of  the 
said  Boilvin  or  his  lawful  agent,  I  will  ratify  and  confirm ;  and  I  hereby  bind  myself,  my 
heirs  and  executors,  to  the  fulfillment  of  the  contract  between  the  said  Boilvin  and  myself, 
hereby  granting  and  selhng  unto  the  said  Nicholas  Boilvin  all  my  right,  title  and  interest 
in  and  to  the  premises  aforesaid,  in  as  full,  perfect  and  absolute  a  manner  as  it  is  possible  to 
be  done,  performed  or  executed.  In  witness  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal, 
at  Chicago  aforesaid,  this  twenty-fifth  day  of  August,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  thirty-five. 

her 
Catharine    x    Mayott.     [Seal.] 
mark. 
Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  in  presence  of 

G.  W.  Dole, 
Thomas  Hartzell, 
Isaac  Harmon. 

State  op  Illinois,  Cook  Co. 
This  day  came  before  me,  Catharine  Mayott,  to  me  personally  known  as  the  real  person 
who  executed  the  foregoing  deed  of  conveyance;  and  then  before  me,  after  the  same  was 
read,  and  the  contents  thereof  being  fully  explained  to  her,  acknowledged  that  she  had 
executed  the  same  freely  and  voluntarily  for  the  uses  and  purposes  therein  contained,  and 
acknowledged  herself  satisfied  with  the  consideration  therein  named  and  received  thereof. 
Given  under  my  hand  and  seal  this  2oth  day  of  August,  A.  D.  1835. 

Isaac  Harmon,  J.  P.     [Seal.] 
Recorded  September  3d,  1835. 

Recorder's  Office,'  Cook  County,  Illinois. 
I,  Richard  J.  Hamilton,  Recorder  of  Cook  County  and  State  aforesaid,  do  hereby 
certify  that  the  within  and  foregoing  deed  of  conveyance  from  Catharine  Mayott  to  Nicholas 
Boilvin  is  a  true  copy  of  the  original  as  recorded  in  my  ofiice,  on  the  third  day  of  September, 
1835,  in  Book  I,  page  428.  In  testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal  of 
office,  this  29th  day  of  August,  1836. 

Ten  years  after  the  date  of  the  certificate  of  the  Recorder  of  CooIj 
County,  the  copy  ot  the  deed  certified  to  by  him  was  entered  for  record  in 
'Winnel3ago  County,  as  the  following  endorsement  certifies: 

Filed  September  7th,  1846.    Recorded  and  examined  September  8th,  1836. 

Daniel  H.  Whitney,  Mecorder  Winnebago  Co.,  Illinois. 

With  the  warranty  conveyed  in  this  deed,  JSTicholas  Boilvin  claimed 
section  fourteen,  township  number  forty-four  north,  range  one  east  of  the 
third  principal  meridian,  about  two  miles  above  the  city  of  Rockford. 
Soon  after  Boilvin  made  this  selection,  Mr.  Charles  Reed  appeared  as  prin- 
cipal manager,  and  a  town  was  mapped  out  and  named  Winnebago.  Reed's 
purpose  was  to  make  this  place  the  county  seat,  and  so  far  as  the  action  of 
the  gentlemen  appointed  by  the  Legislature  to  establish  the  "permanent 
seat  of  justice  for  Winnebago  County"  was  concerned — at  least  two  of  them, 
Robert  Stephens  and  Rezin  Zorley  (the  third  one,  John  Phelps,  never 
appearing) — he  was  successful.  The  time  fixed  by  law  for  the  discharge  of 
that  dtity,  was  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1836,  or  as  soon  thereafter  as  prac- 
ticable; but  the  two  commissioners  named  above  (Stephens  and  Zorley)  did 
not  appear  at  the  place  appointed  for  them  to  meet,  until  the  fourteenth 
day  of  July  following.  After  being  first  duly  sworn  by  James  McKee,  a 
justice  of  the  peace  for  Will  County,  they  proceeded  to  discharge  their 
trust.     On  the  sixteenth  day  of  the  same  month,  they  reported  that,  "b^ng 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  241 

governed  in  the  matter  by  the  best  judgment  they  were  able  to  form 
respecting  the  same,  they  had  determined  on,  iixed  and  selected,  the  follow- 
ing place  or  location  for  the  permanent  seat  of  justice  for  Winnebago 
County,  to-wit:  In  secti'on  fourteen,  township  number  forty-four  north, 
range  one,  east  of  the  third  principal  meridian,  at  a  point  fourteen  chains 
south  of  the  (juarter-section  corner,  on  the  line  dividing  sections  thirteen 
and  fourteen,  and  four  chains  west  of  said  line,  upon  which  point  the  stake 
was  struck,  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  July,  A.  D.  1836,  on  lands  owned  by 
Nicholas  Boilvin  &  Co.,  on  the  express  condition  that  said  Boilvin  &  Co. 
are  to  make  a  good  warranty  deed  to  said  County  of  Winnebago,  of  thirty 
acres,  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  public  buildings  for  said  County,  so  long 
as  it  shall  remain  the  permanent  seat  of  justice  for  said  County,"  etc. 

This  selection  of  a  site  for  the  "permanent  seat  of  justice  for  Winne- 
bago County,"  was  not  satisfactory  to  the  people — at  least  to  that  portion 
of  them  included  among  the  friends  of  Kockford,  and  they  were  more 
numerous  than  the  friends  of  Winnebago,  and  it  was  intimated  among  a 
good  many  of  the  settlers,  that  Heed  had  seen  the  commissioners  before 
they  cajiie  to  discharge  their  duty.  However  true  this  intimation  may 
have  been,  his  seeing  them  and  the  honor  of  having  secured  their  report 
favorable  to  Winnebago,  proved  of  little  real  value  to  him  and  his  associates, 
Messrs.  Campbell  and  Boilvin,  for  the  county  business  was  never  transacted 
there.  To  quote  the  language  of  the  surviving  settlers  of  1836,  "theywere 
•bull-dozed'  out  of  it." 

The  law  providing  for  the  organization  of  Winnebago  County  further 
declared  '"that  the  said  county  seat  should  be  located  on  lands  belonging  to  the 
United  States,  if  a  site  for  said  county  seat  on  such  lands  can  be  found  eligible, 
or  upon  lands  claimed  by  citizens  of  said  county;  but  if  such  location,  should 
be  made  upon  land  claimed  by  any  individual  having  title  or  pre-emption 
right  to  the  same,  the  claimant  or  proprietor  upon  whose  claim  or  right  of 
pre-emption  the  said  seat  of  justice  might  be  located,  should  make  a  deed 
in  fee  simple  to  any  number  of  acres  of  said  tract,  not  less  than  twenty,  to 
the  said  county;  or  in  lieu  thereof,  such  claimant  or  owner  or  owners  of  such 
pre-emption  right  should  donate  to  the  said  county  at  least  three  thousand 
dollars,  to  be  applied  to  building  county  buildings  within  one  year  after  the 
location  of  said  county  seat;  and  that  the  proceeds  of  such  quarter  section, 
if  the  county  seat  should  be  located  on  government  lands,  or  the  proceeds 
of  such  twenty  acres  of  land,  if  it  were  located  on  pre-emption  right  of 
individuals,  or  the  said  three  thousand  dollars,  in  case  such  pre-emption 
right  or  owner  or  owners  shall  elect  to  pay  that  sum  in  lieu  of  the  said 
twenty  acres,  shall  be  appropriated  to  the  erection  of  a  sufficient  court 
house  and  jail." 

Reed,  for  himself  and  associates,  carried  out  in  good  faith,  so  far  as 
making  and  tendering  a  deed  for  the  land  (as  specified  in  the  bill  under 
which  the  county  was  organized)  was  concerned,  to  the  county  commission- 
ers at  their  first  meeting  in  August;  but  it  was  rejected  in  consequence  of 
the  following  objectionable  clause:  "To  have  and  to  hold  (the  said  thirty 
acres  of  land),  with  all  the  privileges  and  appurtenances  thereunto  belong- 
ing, as  long  as  the  same  shall  remain  as  the  permanent  seat  of  justice  for 
said  county." 

From  the  time  the  locating  commissioners  struck  the  stake  designating 
the  ground  whereon  the  county  seat  should  be  located,  Mr.  Reed  spared  no 
efibrt  to  herald  the  advantages  of  Winnebago,  and  to  improve  the  place  by 


242  HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO    COITNTT. 

the  erection  of  buildin^^s,  etc.  He  at  once  built  a  two-story  lionse,  which 
lie  used  as  a  hotel  and  store.  S.  S.  Richardson  and  Kingsley  located  there 
and  joined  Heed  in  making  improvements.  John  Yance  started  a  provision 
store,  and  a  son  of  Yulcan  opened  a  blacksmith  shop.  With  these  build- 
ings, seven  dwelling  houses,  a  free  ferry,  a  lime  kiln,  etc.,  the  opening  of  a 
road  through  the  timber  east  from  AVinnebago,  to  meet  the  state  road  from 
Chicago  to  Galena,  at  Beaver  creek,  and  sundry  other  local  undertakings, 
Winnebago  really  began  to  wear  the  appearance  of  thrift.  No  man  knew 
better  than  Reed  that  all  these  things  were  necessary  to  bolster  up  and  sus- 
tain the  report  of  the  commissioners.  But  other  agencies  were  at  work, 
which,  in  the  end  overcame  all  his  aspirations  and  rendered  useless  his 
expenditures  of  time  and  money  to  make  Winnebago  the  "permanent  seat 
of  justice  for  Winnebago  County,"  This  was  the  beginning  of  county  seat 
troubles,  which  continued  until  settled  by  the  people  on  tlie  fii  st  Monday  in 
May,  1839,  of  ^liicli  farther  mention  will  hereafter  be  made. 

Although  dissatisfied  with  the  location  of  the  county  seat,  there  was 
nothing  left  to  the  settlers,  at  least  for  the  time,  but  submission;  and  the 
first  election  having  been  set  for  the  first  Monday  in  August,  and  the  time 
being  only  a  few  days  distant,  the  settlers  turned  their  attention  to  the 
selection  of  candidates  to  be  voted  for.  Political  considerations,  from  a  par- 
tisan standpoint,  did  not  enter  into  the  manipulations  of  that  election,  and 
instead  of  calling  a  convention,  as  is  done  in  these  latter  days,  the  honors 
were  divided  between  the  voting  settlers  of  the  different  sections  of  the 
county,  which  at  that  time,  and  until  May,  1837,  included  Boone  county. 
Besides  a  member  of  Congress  and  two  members  of  the  State  Legislature  to 
be  voted  for,  the  following  county  officers  were  to  be  chosen:  Three  County 
Commissioners,  Recorder,  Sheriff,  County  Surveyor  and  Coroner.  The  duty 
of  the  commissioners  of  those  days  of  the  Past  were  the  same  as  devolve 
upon  the  supervisors  in  these  days  of  the  Present.  Upon  them  devolved 
the  duty  of  putting  the  county  machinery  in  motion,  and  the  future  of  the 
county  depended,  in  a  great  measure,  upon  their  character  and  business 
capacity,  upon  the  same  principle  that 

"  Just  as  the  twig  is  bent,  the  tree 's  inclined." 

Councils  for  deliberation  and  an  interchange  of  views  were  held,  and 
the  following  division  of  honors  agreed  upon: 

To  Squaw  Prairie  (now  Belvidere),  were  assigned  two  of  the  candidates 
— commissioner  and  recorder;  to  Rockford,  one  commissioner  and  the  can- 
didate for  sheriff",  and  to  the  north  part  of  the  county,  the  other  candidate 
for  commissioner.  In  adjusting  the  distribution  of  the  Rockford  candidates 
a  dissension  arose  between  the  east  and  west  parts  of  the  town.  Daniel  S. 
Haight,  of  the  east  side,  had  been  named  as  the  candidate  for  sheriff", 
and  his  interests  all  being  on  that  side  of  the  river,  and  looking  for- 
ward to  a  final  and  permanent  adjustment  of  the  county  seat  question, 
he  was  naturally  desirous  that  the  candidate  for  commissioner  should 
also  be  chosen  from  among  the  settlers  of  his  bailiwick.  Kent  and  his 
west  side  friends  were  equally  determijied  in  their  adherence  to  the  terms 
of  the  treaty  entered  into  for  a  fair  and  equal  distribution  of  the  oflices 
to  the  different  sections  of  the  county,  and  upon  the  eve  of  the  election 
advised  Mr.  Haight  that  unless  he  also  adhered  to  the  agreement  that  the 
west  side  would  select  both  the  candidates  for  sheriff  and  commissioner  and 
vote  for  and  elect  them.     This  argument  convinced  Haight  of  his  error,  and 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  243 

William  E.  Dunbar  was  named  as  the  candidate  of  the  west  sidcrs  for  com- 
missioner. 

Elections  in  those  days  were  not  conducted  as  thej  now  are.  Written 
or  printed  ballots  were  not  then  in  use  in  Illinois,  and  hence  citizens  voted 
viva  voce.  And  without  previous  organization  and  without  statutes  to 
guide  tliem  in  their  duties,  it  may  be  readily  imagined  that  the  first  election 
in  Winnebago  County  was  conducted  M'ithout  much  form.  Mr.  H.  R. 
Enoch,  editor  of  the  Rockford  Journal,  in  speaking  of  this  election  through 
his  paper,  said: 

"Neither  one  of  the  judges  knew  anything  of  the  election  laws  of 
Illinois,  and  not  a  statute  was  to  be  obtained  in  the  county.  Of  the  judges, 
Mr.  Kent  knew  something  of  the  laws  of  Virginia  and  Alabama;  Mr. 
Robert  J.  Cross  was  familiar  with  those  of  IS'ew  York  and  Michigan,  and 
Mr.  Griggs  with  those  of  Ohio.  D.  A.  Spaulding  had  some  knowledge  of 
the  laws  of  Illinois,  so  he  was  selected  as  one  of  the  clerks,  and  intrusted 
with  the  duty  of  making  the  poll  books,  and  upon  him  devolved  the  honor 
of  principally  conducting  the  first  election  in  the  county." 

There  were  no  "split  tickets"  at  that  election — the  settlers  generally 
voted  straight,  and  there  was  not  much  difficulty  or  confusion  in  making 
out  the  tally  sheet.  The  poll  l.-ook  showed  that  120  votes  had  been  cast. 
There  being*'  but  one  voting  precinct  in  the  county,  the  settlers  from  all 
parts  of  the  county  voted  here.  The  following  names  represent  the  voters 
at  that  election: 

David  Caswell,  George  Caswell,  David  Barnes,  P.  P.  Burnham,  Thomas 
Crane,  Milton  S.  Mason,  Timothy  Caswell,  Thatcher  Blake,  Setli  Scott, 
Joshua  Fawcett,  John  Barrett,  Jeremiah  Frame,  John  F.  Thayer,  William 
Randall,  John  Welch,  Joshua  Cramer,  John  Slavins,  David  Blake,  William 
Barlow,  Joseph  B.  Baker,  Daniel  Fairchild.  Livingston  Bobbins,  Alfred 
Shattuck,  Alva  Trask,  William  Smith,  Ira  Ilaskins,  John  Burts,  Simon  P. 
Doty,  Charles  H.  Payne,  Royal  Briggs,  Solomon  Watson,  Abraham  Wat 
son,  Ralzimond  Gardner,  Mason  Sherburne,  John  K.  Towner,  John  G. 
Lockridge,  John  Allen,  John  Lovesse,  A.  E.  Courtright,  Henry  Enoch, 
Ephraim  Sumner,  S.  Brown,  A.  R.  Dimmick,  Samuel  Hicks,  H.  M.  Wat- 
tles, T.  R.  J.  English,  Oliver  Robbins,  J.  P.  Griggs,  Aaron  V.  Taylor,  Luke 
Joslyn,  Wm.  Sumner,  David  D.  Elliott,  John  Handy,  Jacob  Pettyjohn, 
Daniel  S.  Haiglit,  Jacob  Keyt,  John  Lefonton,  John  Kelso,  William  R. 
Wheeler,  M.  Ewing,  Charles  Works,  Sidney  Twogood,  Phineas  Churchill, 
Thomas  B.  Talcott,  Austin  Andrews,  Thomas  Lake,  Benjamin  McConnell, 
Benjamin  DePue,  Benjamin  AVhite,  Lewis  Ilarkins,  Aaron  B.  Davis,  Joel 
Pike,  R.  M.  Waller,  Julius  Trask,  William  Carey,  Ephraim  Wyman,  P.  D. 
Taylor,  Wm.  Brayton,  Israel  Morrill,  Harlyn  Shattuck,  David  DeAVitt, 
James  B.  Young,  Abel  Thuiston,  John  Kandler,  John  Adams,  Milton  Kil- 
burn,  Richard  II.  Enoch,  Joseph  Chadwick,  Daniel  Piper,  John  Hance, 
Henry  Enoch,  Jr.,  Jacob  Enoch,  Peter  Moore,  Sylvester  Sutton,  V.  B.  Rex- 
ford,  William  G.  Blair,  Daniel  H.  Whitney,  James  Jackson,  Isaac  Adams, 
Isaac  Harrell,  E.  A.  Nixon,  John  Wood,  William  Mead,  Joseph  Rodgers, 
A.  C.  Gleason,  Henry  Hicks,  John  Brink,  E.  Gregory,  L.  C.  Waller,  James 
Thomas,  G.  Kent,  Chauncey  Mead,  George  Randall,  W.  H.  Talcott,  Wil- 
liam E.  Dunbar,  S.  A.  Lee,  Charles  Reed,  Charles  Sayres,  Robt.  J.  Cross, 
and  D.  A.  Spaulding. 

Of  the  above  120  voters  at  the  first  election  in  Winnebago  County, 
only  fifteen  are  living  at  the  date  of  this  writing,  Oct.  1,  1877.     Of  these, 


244 


HISTOEY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


Thatcher  Blake,  Ephraim  Sumner,  Charles  "Works,  Phineas  Churchill, 
Thomas  Lake,  and  Ephraim  Wjmian  are  living  in  Kockford,  or  its  immedi- 
ate vicinity.  Thomas  B.  Talcott,  Isaac  Adams  of  Rockton,  and  A.  C. 
Gleason  live  at  Cherry  Yalley;  Simon  P.  Doty,  at  Belvidere;  Harlyn  Sliat- 
tuck,  at  Shattuck's  Grove,  Boone  County  (P.  O.  Belvidere);  H.  M.  Wattles 
(at  last  authentic  account,  one  year  ago),  in  Minnesota;  W.  R.  Wheeler, 
Colorado  Springs,  Colorado;  P.  M.  Waller,  Charles  City,  Iowa;  Israel 
Morrill,  Minnesota;  David  Caswell,  Iowa. 

The  following  is  the  official  report  of  the  election  above  quoted: 

For  Member  of  Congress. — William  L.  May  had  73  votes;  John  T. 
Stuart  had  44  votes.     Majority  for  May,  29. 

For  Liepresentat'me  to  the  State  Legislature. — John  Turner  had  74 
votes;  Charles  R.  Bennett  had  73  votes;  Elijah  Charles  had  34  votes;  James 
Craig  had  40,  and  L.  H.  Bo  wen  had  8  votes. 

For  Sheriff. — Daniel  S.  Haight  had  83  votes;  Henry  Hicks  had  31 
votes.     Majority  for  Haight,  52  votes. 

For  Coroner. — Eliphalet  Gregory  had  95  votes,  and  no  opposition. 

For  County  Commissio7iers.—Th.oma,&Ji.  Talcott  had  83  votes;  Simon 
P.  Doty  had  68  votes;  William  E.  Dunbar  had  60  votes;  G.  Kent  had  35 
votes;  Seth  Scott  had  46  votes;  Levi  Moulthrop  had  32  votes,  and  Isaiah 
Courtright  had  4  votes.     Talcott,  Doty  and  Dunbar  were  elected. 

For  County  Surveyor. — D.  A.  Spaulding  had  81  votes,  and  John 
Kelso  had  28  votes.     Spaulding's  majority,  53. 

For  Recorder. — Daniel  H.  Whitney  had  72  votes;  John  E.  Yance  had 
41  votes,  and  James  Boswell  had  1  vote.     Whitney's  majority,  30  votes. 

The  first  Monday  in  August,  1836,  was  also  the  first  day  of  the  month. 
On  Wednesday,  the  third,  the  second  day  after  their  election,  the  commis- 
sioners met  at  the  house  of  Daniel  S.  Haight,  on  the  east  side  of  the  river, 
and,  there  being  n(i  Justice  of  the  Peace  nearer  than  Galena,  Ottawa,  Joliet 
or  Chicago,  proceeded  to  administer  the  oath  of  office  to  each  other. 

[It  may  be  well  to  state  that  previous  to  this  organization  all  that  part 
of  the  country  east  of  Rock  River,  including  the  present  counties  of  Boone, 
McHenry,  DeKalb,  and  a  part  of  Ogle,  and  probably  a  portion  of  some  of 
the  others  adjoining,  was  known  as  LaSalle  Count3\  All  west  of  Rock  River, 
including  the  present  counties  of  Jo  Daviess,  Carroll,  Lee,  and  that  part  of 
Ogle  lying  west  of  Rock  River,  was  known  and  recognized  in  the  courts  of 
the  state  as  Jo- Daviess  County,  named  in  honor  of  Col.  Jo  Daviess,  of 
Kentucky,  who  bore  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  campaigns  of  Gen.  Harrison 
against  the  Indians.] 

After  subscribing  to  the  oath  of  office,  the  commissioners  proceeded  to 
the  business  of  starting  the  machinery  of  the  county.  The  first  order 
entered  was  one  appointing  Don  Alonzo  Spaulding  as  clerk  of  the  Board. 
The  second  order  related  to  the  division  of  the  county  into  precincts,  and 
fixing  a  time  for  the  election  of  Justices  of  the  Peace,  constables,  etc. 
Seven  voting  precincts  were  then  established,  as  follows: 

'  Yellow  JEtiver  included  townships  26-7,  of  ranges  8  and  0,  east  of  the 
fourth  principal  meridian,  now  the  towns  of  Silver  Creek,  Ridott,  Freeport, 
Lancaster,  and  the  south  half  of  Rock  River  in  Stephenson  County. 

Rock  Gh'ove  included  townships  28-9,  in  ranges  8,  9  and  10,  east  of  the 
third  principal  meridian,  now  the  north  half  of  Rock  River,  all  of  Buck 
Eye,  Rock  Grove,  and  the  east  half  of  Oneco,  in  Stephenson  County,  and 
Laona  and  Howard,  in  Winnebago. 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  245 

Peehetolika  included  toMaisliips  26,  7,  range  11,  east  of  the  fourth 
principal  meridian,  now  known  as  Seward,  Lysander  and  Burritt. 

Kisivauhee  included  townships  4,  3,  ranges  1  and  2,  east  of  the  third 
principal  meridian,  now  known  as  Cherry  Yalley,  New  Milford,  and  part  of 
the  town  of  Rockford. 

Rockford  included  township  26,  range  11,  east  of  the  fourth  princi- 
pal meridian,  and  township  •li  and  the  south  half  of  township  45, 
ranges  1  and  'A,  east  of  the  third  principal  meridian,  now  including  the 
towns  of  Winnebago,  Guilford,  the  most  of  Rockford,  and  tlie  south  half 
of  Owen  and  Harlem. 

Rock  River  included  townships  28  and  29,  range  11,  east  of  the  fourth 
jDrincipal  meridian,  and  the  north  half  of  township  45,  range  1,  and 
all  of  township  46,  ranges  1,  2  and  3,  east  of  the  tliird  principal  meridian, 
now  the  towns  of  Shirland,  Harrison,  Ilockton,  Roscoe,  the  north  half  of 
Owen  and  Harlem,  in  Winnebago  County,  and  the  town  of  Manchester  in 
Boone  County,  a  strip  of  territory  24  miles  long  and  from  6  to  12  in  width, 
and  covering  6  townships  of  land.  Immense  as  it  was,  it  only  polled  20 
votes  at  the  Presidential  election,  in  November,  1836. 

Belvidere  included  townships  43,  44,  and  45,  in  ranges  3  and  4  east, 
and  township  46,  range  4  east.  This  precinct  embraced  all  the  county  of 
Boone,  exce]>t  the  town  of  Manchester,  which  was  embraced  in  the  liock 
River  precinct,  and  although  it  covered  an  area  of  252  square  miles,  it  only 
polled  23  votes  in  the  Yan  Buren  and  Harrison  presidential  campaign  in 
November,  1836. 

The  commissioners  also  entered  an  order  fixing  the  time  and  places  of 
holding  the  election.  The  time  fixed  was  the  2Tth  of  August;  the  oflScers 
to  be  elected  were  Justices  of  the  Peace  and  constables.  Judges  or  in- 
spectors of  election  were  also  appointed.  In  only  three  of  the  precincts, 
however,  were  elections  held  in  August,  as  ordered  by  the  commissioners — 
Belvidere,  Rock  River,  and  Pecatonica.  In  Belvidere,  John  K.  Towner  and 
John  S.  King  were  elected  Justices  of  the  Peace,  and  Abel  Thurston  and 
Mason  Sherburne,  constables. 

In  Rock   River,  Sylvester  Talcott  and  Robert  J.  Cross  were  elected 
Justices,  and  John  P.  Parsons  and  D.  A.  Blake  were  elected  constables. 

In  Pecatonica,  Ephraim  Sumner  and  Isaac  Hance  were  chosen  as 
Justices,  and  William  Sumner  and  Thomas  Hance  designated  as  constables. 
The  above  named  were  the  first  civil  officers  elected  in  the  county. 
At  a  subsequent  meeting  of  the  board  of  county  commissioners, 
another  election  was  ordered  to  be  held  in  the  ]>recincts  that  failed  to  vote 
in  August.  This  second  election  was  set  for  the  14th  of  October  follow- 
ing. xVt  ihis  date  the  following  named  settlers  were  selected  as  justices 
and  constables: 

Rockford. — William  E.  Dunbar  and  Henry  Hicks,  justices;  consta- 
bles, none  reported. 

Yelloio  River. — Daniel  W.  Wootan  and  Seth  Scott,  justices;  consta- 
bles, William  Baker  and  Hiram  Walker. 

Kiskioaukee. — Philetus  M.  Johnson  and  William  R.  Wheeler,  justices; 
cojistables,  Wihiam  Clark  and  William  Randall. 

Rock  Grove. — Jonathan  Carey  and  Orleans  Daggett,  justices;  con- 
stables, Josiah  Blackmore  and  Jacob  Stratton. 

Some  of  the  above  named  refused  to  qualify — among  them  Daniel  W. 
Wootan,  of  Yellow  River  precinct.  His  commission  as  justice  of  the  peace 
still  remains  among  the  files  in  the  office  of  the  county  clerk. 


246  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

At  this  August  session  of  the  board  of  county  commissioners,  Eobert 
Stephens  and  Rezin  Zorley,  two  of  the  commissioners  appointed  by  the 
Legislature  to  estabhsh  the  "permanent  seat  of  justice  of  Winnebago 
County,"  appeared  and  presented  their  report,  to  which  reference  has 
already  been  made, 

Charles  Reed  next  presented  a  deed  from  Nicholas  Boilvin  &  Co.,  to 
the  County  of  Winnebago,  for  thirty  acres  of  land  at  the  town  of  Winne- 
bago, for  the  use  of  the  public  buildings  of  the  county,  as  required  by  the 
act  of  the  Legislature  creating  the  county,  establishing  the  county  seat,  etc. 
This  deed  at  the  time  was  rejected,  because  it  stipulated  that  the  title 
should  remain  vested  in  the  county  so  lo7ig  as  the  town  of  Winnebago 
should  remain  as  the  "permanent  seat  of  justice  for  said  county.  "  Says 
Mr.  Hiram  R.  Enoch: 

"The  'county  seat  question'  had  thus  early  entered  into  the  politics  of 
the  county,  and,  as  it  turned  out,  proved  one  of  the  most,  if  not  the  most 
exciting  question  in  the  county  for  several  years,  being  fruitful  of  numerous 
exciting  elections,  and  the  means  of  producing  many  schisms  between  the 
representatives  of  the  rival  towns." 

At  this  same  August  meeting  of  the  county  commissioners,  Robert  J. 
Cross,  of  Roscoe,  was  appointed  county  treasurer.  Why  the  particular 
necessity  of  the  early  appointment  of  this  officer  is  not  clearly  defined,  as 
the  amount  of  public  money  to  be  taken  care  of  was  exceedingly  small, 
as  there  had  been  no  assessment  or  collection  of  taxes  up  to  that  time. 

William  E.  Dunbar  was  appointed  as  agent  of  the  county  to  carry  the 
returns  of  the  election  to  Yandalia,  then  the  capital  of  the  State,  procure 
the  commissions  of  the  officers  just  elected,  and,  if  possible,  secure  copies 
of  the  State  laws,  etc. 

The  first  claims  ever  entered  of  record  as  against  the  county,  were 
presented  to  this  meeting  of  the  board.  Germanicus  Kent,  Robert  J. 
Cross  and  J.  P.  Griggs,  as  judges  of  election,  and  D.  A.  Spaulding  and  S. 
A.  Lee,  as  clerks,  presented  claims  of  one  dollar  each  for  their  services  at 
the  election  held  on  the  Monday  previous.  D.  A.  Spaulding  was  also 
allowed  Jifty  cents  for  stationery  furnished  for  poll  books. 

As  we  have  already  stated,  political  prejudices  did  not  disturb  the  con- 
ditions of  the  first  election,  August  1,  1836.  But  when  the  county  had 
been  fully  organized  and  its  machinery  put  in  motion  by  the  first  board  of 
county  commissioners,  the  settlers  began  to  divide  up — to  define  party 
lines  and  to  take  sides  accordingly.  In  1836,  John  T.  Stuart  was  the  Whig 
candidate  for  Congress,  and  came  out  29  votes  behind  his  Democratic  com- 
petitor. Two  years  later  (in  1838)  Mr.  Stuart  was  again  a  candidate 
against  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  when  he  received  a  majorit}^  of  93  in  the 
county;  and  in  1840,  when  General  Harrison  was  the  Whig  candidate  for 
president — when  the  people  went  wild  over  "Tippecanoe  and  Tyler  too," 
Mr.  Stuart  was  again  a  candidate,  and  this  time  received  a  majority  in  the 
county  of  270  over  his  Democratic  competitor.  These  results  showed  a 
steady  Whig  gain.  Stuart  was  beaten  in  the  district  in  1836,  by  William 
L.  May,  Democrat,  but  in  the  elections  of  1838-40,  he  was  elected  by  hand- 
some majorities.  The  district  at  that  time  extenOed  from  the  Wisconsin 
state  line  on  the  north  to  a  line  below  Springfield,  extending  across  the 
state  from  a  point  on  the  Indiana  state  line  to  the  Mississippi  river.  There 
are  now  twelve  Congressional  districts  in  the  same  territory. 

At  the  presidential  election  in  1836,  only  158  votes  were  polled  in  the 
county,  apportioned  among  the  five  precincts  voting,  as  follows : 


H.WTalcott 

(DECEASCDJ 

ROCKTON 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  249 

Precincts.  Dem.  Whig. 

Rockford - •....24  19 

Bel  videre l;5  10 

Kisli  wjiukee -. -. _.1G  9 

Rock  River... 1  19 

Yellow  River 34  13 

88  70—158 

This  was  an  increase  over  the  August  election,  of  thirty-eiirht  votes, 
out  of  which  the  Democrats  had  a  majority  of  eigliteeii. 

In  1S40,  when  Boone  County  had  been  organized  from  a  part  of  the 
territory  east  of  Rock  river,  and  Stephenson  County  had  absorbed  two  tiers ' 
of  townships  from  the  western  part  of  Winnebago,  as  originally  erected, 
leaving  the  county  as  now  constituted,  the  vote  was  as  follows:  In  August 
the  Whigs  polled  637  votes,  and  the  Democrats  285  votes,  making  a  total 
of  9'2'2  votes,  and  a  Whig  majority  of  352.  In  November  of  the  same 
year,  at  the  presidential  election,  the  Whigs  cast  789  votes,  and  the  Demo- 
crats 321— total,  1,110.     Whig  majority  ^6S. 

Turning  back  to  the  action  of  the  board  of  County  Commissioners,  we 
find  nothing  of  material  importance  to  claim  their  attention  for  several 
sessions.  -The  most  of  their  time  was  taken  up  in  hearing  petitions  for 
roads,  appointing  viewers,  etc.  The  most  important  among  their  first 
ofiicial  actions  at  their  first  sessions  in  August,  September  and  Deceml)er, 
1836,  was  the  establishment  of  ferries  at  Rockford  and  Winnebago,  and  one 
where  the  township  line  between  townships  44  and  45  crosses  Rock  river. 
The  rates  of  toll  established  at  these  ferries  was  as  follows: 

For  each  carriage,  wagon  or  cart  drawn  by  two  horses,  oxen  or  mules 623^c. 

For  the  same  drawn  by  one  horse. 373^0. 

For  each  additional  horse. - 12^0. 

For  man  and  horse 25c. 

For  each  horse,  mule  or  head  of  cattle 12/^c. 

For  hoirs,  sheep  and  goats,  per  score -- 50c. 

For  each  footman G^^c. 

The  commissioners  likewise  established  hotel  rates  in  those  days,  and 
in  poring  over  the  first  record  of  their  proceedings,  from  August  3.  1836,  to 
December  10,  1842  inclusive,  and  numbering  475  pages,  we  found  the  fol- 
low^ing  table  of  rates  licensed  hotels  were  allowed  to  charge  : 

For  victualing,  per  meal 37^c. 

Lodging,  per  night 1-^3^2^. 

Oats,  per  bushel $1.25.  ^ 

Liquor,  per  glass 6/4C. 

Any  charge  above  these  rates  marked  a  forfeiture  of  license. 

Eleven  months  after  the  complete  organization  of  the  county,  and  the 
election  of  the  first  board  of  county  oflicers  in  August,  1836,  came  the  "day 
we  celebrate,"  July  4,  A.  D.  1837",  and,  as  full  of  patriotism^  as  the  peo])le 
within  the  shadows  of  Independence  Hall,  or  Bunker  Hill,  the  settlers 
resolved  to  spare  one  day  from  their  farm-making  and  other  business  pur- 
suits, and  to  join  in  such  patriotic  and  social  amusements  as  their  limited 
advantages  would  permit.  The  programme  consisted  of  an  opening  salute 
by  the  Anvil  Artillery,  the  raising  of  a  liberty  pole  (hickory)  in  the  rear  ot 
what  is  now  No.  310  State  street,  East  Rockford,  the  reading  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence,  by  C.  I.  Horsman,  an  oration  by  John  C.  Iveinble, 
and  a  grand  dinner,  served  up  by  Henry  Thurston,  in  the  Irame  ot  the 
Rockford  House,  which  was  roofed,  and  sided  up  as  high  as  the  windows. 


250  HISTOKY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

Temporary  tables  were  put  up,  and  the  edibles  were  served  on  clean  shin- 
gles in  lieii  of  plates.  Beef  was  the  staple,  which  was  cooked,  as  the  bill  of 
fare  said,  in  various  ways,  and  served  cold.  The  speaking  took  place  in 
Haight's  barn,  which  stood  near  the  present  corner  of  State  and  Kish- 
waukee  streets.  The  bay  of  the  barn  was  covered  for  the  speakers,  and  the 
threshing  floor,  which  was  a  large  one,  having  been  built  to  thresh  with 
three  horses  al)reast,  was  tilled  up  with  benches  for  the  audience.  An  old 
settler,  one  who  dined  at  the  Rockford  House  on  that  day,  a  little  over  forty 
years  ago,  said  of  the  dinner  to  the  writer:  "  The  fact  was  that  the  number 
to  be  cooked  for  was  so  much  lai  ger  than  was  anticipated,  that  the  beef 
could  only  be  cooked  in  sufficient  quantities  in  one  way.  This  was  done  by 
Mrs.  Thurston,  who  boiled  the  beef  in  a  twelve-gallon,  iron  kettle,  in  the 
yard  in  the  rear  of  the  house.  Knives  and  forks,  as  well  as  plates,  were 
scarce,  and  each  man  '  went  in  with  his  own  tools'  whenever  these  useful 
table  appliances  were  lacking." 

The  proceedings  of  the  day  wound  up  with  a  grand  ball  at  Haight's 
yellow  house,  which  stood  opposite  the  Rockfoi'd  House,  and  which  was 
ready  for  plastering.  Some  sheeting  was  procured,  which  was  used  to  par- 
tition off  the  ladies'  dressing  room.  Supper  was  provided  by  Mrs.  Ivil- 
burn,  of  "  Whig  Hill,"  and  a  good  one  it  was,  says  our  informant.  The 
music  was  furnished  by  Jacob  Miller,  commonly  called  "  old  Jake."  The 
belle  of  the  occasion  became  a  grandmother  several  years  ago. 

Among  the  first  settlers  were  a  goodly  number  who,  if  not  reared 
within  large  cities,  were  at  least  raised  near  them,  and,  as  a  consequence, 
had  been  accustomed  to  the  amusements  they  furnished.  The  change  from 
these  associations  to  the  scenes  of  a  wild,  new  conntry  was  attended  with  a 
degree  of  lonesomeness,  sometimes  not  calculated  to  make  them  feel  at  ease; 
and  to  remove  this  kind  of  '"dull  care,"  something  must  be  provided  Ihat 
would  shorten  the  long  winter  evenings.  Among  the  most  popular  amuse- 
ments provided  was  a  Mock  Court,  Avliich  is  well  remembered  by  many  of 
the  survivors  of  1836-7-8,  as  affording  some  remarkable  scenes.  Quoting 
from  a  paper  written  by  Hiram  R.  Enoch,  Esq.,  we  present  a  brief  sketch 
of  this  court  and  its  characters  : 

"  The  sessions  of  the  'court'  were  held  in  '  Miller's  store,'  and  the  spec- 
imens of  lofty,  spread-eagle  elocjuence  made  before  that  tribunal  have  sel- 
dom been  equalled.  The  decisions  of  tlie  court  were  not  always  in  strict 
accordance  with  the  law  and  evidence,  but  were  rigidly  enforced.  Each 
member  of  the  court,  as  well  as  outsiders,  had  his  particular  soubriquet^  to 
which  he  answered  as  readily  as  if  addressed  by  his  proper  name.  There 
was  'old  Hayes,  after  the  noted  thief-catcher  of  that  day  in  New  York; 
'Flint,'  'Gun  Lock,'  'Tut,'  'Blower,'  'Brink,'  ^S.  C.,"Queen,'  'Old  Frost,' 
'Young  Frost,'  'Big  Frost,'  'Little  Frost,'  'Eed  Frost,'  and  some  others  that 
would  not  sound  well  in  ears  polite. 

"  Another  popular  summer  institution  was  the  '  Awkwark  Squad.' 
Some  of  the  old  settlers  will  remember  the  hearty  laughs  they  had  when,  as 
the  squad  were  paraded  in  double  column  in  front  of  'Sam  Little's  grocery,' 
the  'Colonel'  took  'S.  C  and  'Queen'  from  the  ranks  to  'mark  time,'  with 
frequent  'dressing  of  the  ranks,'  in  front  of  'Sam's  bar  to  'smile.'  " 

Close  readers  of  history  will  remember  that  somewhere  about  1830-1-2 
an  insurrection,  reaching  in  magnitude  a  rebellion,  occurred  in  Poland, 
against  the  Russian  Government;  that  the  insurrection  was  speedily  sup- 
pressed, and  its  leaders  or  officers  exiled.     Out  of  sympathy  for  their  condi- 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  251 

tion,  Congress,  with  a  generosity  peculiar  to  a  free  people,  made  a  grant  of 
western  lands  to  them  whereon  they  might  settle  as  a  colony.  The  terms 
of  the  grant  gave  them  permission  to  settle  on  any  unclaimed  Western 
lands  they  might  select.  Accepting  the  grant,  they  sent  an  agent  hv  the 
name  of  Chlopicki,  to  make  the  selection,  and,  arriving  in  America  about 
the  time  the  Winnebago  country  was  the  great  centre  of  attraction,  became 
to  Winnebago  County,  and  made  a  selection  of  thirty-six  sections  in  the 
present  towns  of  Rockford,  Owen  and  Rockton.  Nearly  all  of  this  land, 
however,  had  been  previously  occupied  by  settlers,  and  hence  this  selection 
was  clearly  in  violation  of  the  grant,  lor  it  stipulated  that  the  selection 
could  only  be  made  from  unoccupied  lands.  Chlopicki  was  informed  that 
his  selection  was  in  violation  of  the  terms  of  the  grant,  and  he  agreed  to 
lay  his  claim  elsewhere,  but  did  not  keep  his  word.  This  action  on  his  part 
led  to  an  unpleasant  and  uneasy  condition  of  affairs  that  continued  for  sev- 
eral years.  The  lands  in  this  part  of  the  Winnebago  County  belonged  to 
the  Galena  land  district,  and  all  outside  of  Rockford,  Owen  and  Rockton 
(in  which  were  located  the  thirty-six  sections  in  controversy)  were  opened 
to  sale  and  entry  in  the  fall  of  1839,  but  these  lands  were  withheld  from  sale 
for  nearly  eight  years  after  they  had  been  surveyed  and  platted.  In  a  com- 
munication upon  this  subject,  published  in  the  Winnebago  Forum^  in 
181:3,  William  H.  Halen,  Esq.,  wrote  as  follows: 

"  These  two  townships  (a  portion  of  Rockton  and  Rockford)  have  been 
withheld  from  sale  for  a  much  greater  length  of  time  than  is  ordinarily 
allowed  to  elapse  after  the  land  has  been  settled  upon  by  permanent  occu- 
pants. They  were  duly  surveyed  out  and  sub-divided  into  sections  and 
parts  of  sections,  more  than  seven  years  ago,  and  in  the  regular  course  of 
things  should  have  been  brought  into  market  as  early  as  1838  or  1839. 
This  consummation,  so  desirable  to  two  parties,  namely,  to  the  gov^ernment 
and  the  settlers — to  the  first  that  it  might  get  its  honest  dues,  and  to  the 
second  that  they  might  secure  a  title  to  the  property — was  prevented  at  that 
time  by  the  intrusion  of  a  third  party. 

"  This  unwelcome,  unbidden  third  party  was  a  self-constituted  com- 
mittee pretending  to  be  the  representatives  of  a  company  of  Polish  exiles, 
sent  over  in  two  Austrian  frigates.  Congress  had  passed  an  act  authoriz- 
ing this  company  of  exiles,  upon  certain  terms  and  conditions,  and  in  a  cer- 
tain manner  in  the  act  prescribed,  to  select  for  its  members  a  quantity  of 
lands:  and  these  pseudo  agents  or  representatives,  greedy  for  speculations 
and  attracted  principally  by  their  beauty  and  numerous  natural  advantages, 
pounced  upon  these  two  townships  like  hawks  upon  their  prey,  regardless  of 
the  rights  of  the  settlers,  although  at  that  time  they  might  have  found 
thousands  of  acres  of  lands  unoccupied,  unclaimed,  and  of  as  fine  a  quality 
for  farming  purposes  as  need  ever  be  sought  on  the  earth's  surface.  A 
minute  history  of  this  spurious  claim  might  not,  perhaps,  be  uninteresting 
to  such  as  are  yet  unacquainted  with  it,  but  I  should  deem  it  quite  out  of 
place  here,  seeing  that  it  is  now  numbered  with  the  things  that  were,  and 
the  time,  the  room  and  the  inclination,  and,  above  all,  in  this  connection 
the  occasion  for  its  details,  are  lacking. 

"  Suffice  it  to  say,  that  after  the  settlers  had,  by  their  petitions  for  sev- 
eral successive  sessions,  called  the  attention  of  Congress  to  the  subject,  an 
act  was  passed  and  became  a  law  on  the  14:tli  of  April,  1842,  removing  the 
incubus,  and  authorizing  the  entry  of  these  lands  in  these  two  tcnvnships  by 
pre-emption,  like  other  government  lands. 


252  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

"  In  the  midst  of  our  rejoicings  over  the  righteous  result,  let  us  not 
lose  sight  of  the  important  fact  that  our  business  might  have  been  buried 
beneath  the  mass  of  unfinished  Congressional  matters  for  years  to  come, 
but  for  the  kindness  of  the  Hon.  O.  H.  Smith,  of  Indiana,  the  Hon.  Robt. 
J.  Walker,  of  Mississippi,  and  the  Hon.  Richard  M.  Young,  of  this  State, 
Senators  in  Congress,  who,  well  informed  of  the  facts  in  the  case,  and  satis- 
tied  of  the  justice  of  our  cause,  most  genei'ously  gave  us  the  benefit  of  their 
eflicient  aid,  by  Avhich  the  affair  was  finally  disposed  of  to  the  satisfaction  o± 
all  parties,  as  well  as  ourselves,  and  ample  provision  was  made  for  the  bene- 
fit of  the  real  exiles  from  Poland,  and  these  unfortunate  and  meritorious 
countrymen  of  Kosciusko  had  no  occasion  to  question  the  honor  and  good 
faith  of  a  government  which  some  of  the  most  illustrious  patriots  of  Poland 
had  bled  to  establish.'' 

Claim  troubles  were  of  frequent  occurrence,  and  many  of  the  original 
or  first  claimants,  after  making  their  selections  and  returning  for  their  fam- 
ilies, were  greatly  surprised  on  their  return  to  settle  on  them  to  find  them 
in  the  possession  of  others.     These  second  occupants  were  called  "jumpers." 

In  the  absence  of  those  who  had  first  selected  them,  these  interl<jpers 
would  put  up  on  the  claim  a  hut  or  cabin,  and  maybe  plow  a  furrow 
around  as  much  of  the  land  as  they  desired,  and  assume  to  be  "lord  of  all 
they  surveyed."  (3thers  who  had  made  valuable  selections,  that  is  to  say, 
where  they  had  selected  claims  in  favorable  locations — locations  that  were 
likely  from  the  growth  of  the  country  to  become  valuable  in  the  future  by 
reason  of  their  probable  proximity  to  towns,  public  roads,  etc.,  and  who 
remained  on  them,  were  often  surprised  on  getting  up  in  the  morning,  to 
find  that  during  the  night  another  shanty  or  cabin  had  sprung  up  and  was 
occupying  a  place  near  their  own.  This  new  shanty  would  usually  be  occu- 
pied b}'-  three  or  four  men,  friends  of  the  "jumper,"  who  had  come  to  help 
him  hold  his  claim.  The  tnodus  operaTidi  of  these  men  was  to  put  their 
10x12  shanty  together  at  some  convenient  locality  where  lumber  was  within 
easy  reach,  load  it  on  a  wagon  at  night,  and  transport  it  to  their  intended 
site  of  occupancy,  dump  it  down  quietly,  and  by  the  "peep  o'  day"  be  ready 
to  maintain  their  claim  by  force  of  arms,  in  what  they  were  pleased  to  call 
their  "castle."  This  course  of  procedure  often  resulted  in  severe  and  bitter 
hand-to-hand  fights  among  the  parties,  and  finally  grew  so  numerous  that 
arrangements  had  to  be  provided  to  protect  the  rightful  claimants  in  the 
maintenance  of  their  claims.  A  "settlers'  court"  was  organized,  at  which 
all  these  cases  were  determined,  each  party  stating  his  case  to  the  court, 
and  the  reasons  for  wishing  to  retain  his  claim.  As  a  rule,  the  decisions  ot 
this  court  were  in  favor  of  the  settler  who  had  a  family  and  intended  to 
become  a  permanent  settler;  and  to  the  credit  of  both  parties  to  these 
claims  controversies,  be  it  said,  the  findings  of  the  court  were  always 
observed  and  carried  out  to  the  very  letter,  with  but  few  very  rare  excep- 
tions. When  a  disposition  to  treat  the  decisions  of  the  court  with  contempt 
did  occur,  the  settlers  were  ready  to  turn  out  en  masse  to  enforce  the  decree 
of  their  court.  No  violence  would  be  used,  but  the  jumpers  were  given  to 
understand  that  the  decisions  of  that  court  were  law,  and  must  be  respected. 
If  they  stood  upon  the  order  of  their  going,  their  shanties  and  all  within 
them  would  be  loaded  up  on  wagons  or  runners,  and  hauled  some  miles 
away,  wdth  the  assurance  that  harsher  measures  would  be  used  in  case  of 
another  offense  of  like  character. 

A  short  timo^ before  the  land  sales  came  on  at  Galena,  in  1839,  the 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  253 

settlers  were  called  together  in  a  public  meeting  at  Tiockford,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  clu)osing  a  committee  to  attend  at  the  sale  and  adjust  and  settle  any 
dispute  or  controversy  that  might  arise  in  regard  to  claims,  etc.  Messrs. 
Henry  Enoch, Hayes  and  Jas.  ]>.  Martyn  were  chosen  as  such  com- 
mittee. They  were  duly  sworn  and  directed  to  proceed  to  Galena  and  keep 
open  court  every  day  during  the  continuance  of  the  sales,  or  at  least  until 
there  was  no  longer  occasion  for  such  courts  of  adjustment.  And,  as  we 
are  advised  by  a  settler  of  that  date  who  has  lived  to  see  the  ])raii"ie  wilder- 
nesses of  1S34-5  reduced  to  fields  of  agricultural  beauty  and  productiveness, 
that  the  adoption  of  such  precautions  was  a  wise  measure,  and  that  it 
prevented  a  great  deal  of  subsequent  litigation. 

LOCAL     DISSENiSIONS PAPER     TOWNS WINNEBAGO — THE    COUNTY    SEAT 

QUESTION    SETTLED. 

Another  fruitful  source  of  local  discord  was  the  road  question,  and  it 
is  a  fact  sustained  by  the  records  of  the  commissioners'  court  that  the  prin- 
cipal business  of  that  body  for  the  first  three  or  four  years  after  the  county 
was  organized  and  its  machinery  set  in  motion  was  confined  to  settling 
these  ugly  neighborhood  dissensions.  Petitions  and  remonstrances  w^ere 
received  by  the  dozen  at  almost  eveiy  session;  viewers  had  to  be  appointed, 
reports  to  be  examined,  and  delegations  received  and  their  complaints 
heard.     All  these  things  consumed  time. 

Every  man  occupying  an  "eligible"  claim  was  possessed  to  a  greater 
or  less  degree  with  a  town  mania,  and  to  further  his  schemes  sought  to 
have  all  the  roads  of  the  country  to  center  at  his  particular  location,  and  as 
a  conse(|uenc!  a  great  deal  of  hard  work  had  to  be  done  by  the  parties 
directly  interested,  and  numerous  towns,  with  "big  sounding"  names,  in- 
numerable streets,  avenues,  and  parks,  with  no  less  pretentious  designations, 
were  mapped  out  on  paper,  and  heralded  to  the  world  as  the  great  center  of 
the  Winnebago  country,  and  the  future  inland  metropolis  of  the  "great 
West."  But  few  of  these  towns,  however,  survived  long.  The  places  that 
once  knew  them  in  name  now  know  them  no  more,  except  as  well-cultivated 
productive  farms.  Some  of  these  towns  were  conceived  in  a  spirit  of  spec- 
ulation that  made  some  men  almost  w-ild  with  excitement.  Lots  sold  at 
wonderfully  fabulous  prices,  and  a  great  many  men  in  distant  states  who 
saw  the  towns  on  paper,  but  who  never  had  set  foot  in  the  state,  were  in- 
duced to  invest  money  in  "corner  lots."  They  were  made  to  see  a  great 
future  before  these  towns,  and  that  future  has  grown  wider  and  wider,  while 
the  towns  and  the  large  returns  they  expected  from  their  investments  were 
long  since  Ijuried  within  the  rusty  vaults  of  time.  The  resistless  march  of 
improvement  and  enterprise  swept  on  and  over  these  paper  cities,  crushing 
them  down  and  out  of  sight,  and  almost  out  of  memory.  Permanent  and 
needed  roads  were  established,  and  local  demands  and  natural  advantages 
have  made  towns  and  villages,  and  mills,  and  other  adjuncts  and  necessi- 
ties of  a  better  civilization  and  more  enlightened  intelligence  to  spring  up 
in  localities  but  little  dreamed  of  by  the  pioneer  settlers  of  1834. 

Among  the  towns  that  once  had  an  existence  but  now  are  not  was  the 
town  of  Winnebago,  to  which  reference  has  already  been  made  as  the  point  at 
which  the  county  seat  was  originally  located.  The  site  of  that  old  town  is 
about  two  miles  above  State  street,  Rockford,  and  emljraced  an  area  of  six 
hundred  and  thirty-seven  and  seventy-eight-hundredths  acres.  This  town 
was  laid  out  by  Nicholas  Boilvin  &  Co.,  Charles  Eeed  and  Major  Camp- 


254  HISTOKY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COtJNTT. 

bell  being  the  "Co."  The  plat  contained  two  hundred  and  fifty-seven 
blocks,  which  were  subdivided  into  two  thousand,  four  hundred  and  thirtv- 
six  lots.  .The  refusal  of  the  county  officers  to  recognize  it  as  the  county 
seat,  a  refusal  in  which  they  perseveringly  persisted,  lead  to  county  seat 
troubles  that  were  not  settled  until  an  act  was  passed  by  the  legislature,  and 
approved  March  2,  1839  (see  laws  of  Illinois,  1838-9,  page  264),  providing 
for  the  holding  of  a  special  county  seat  election  on  the  first  Monday  in  May 
following  (1839).  At  that  election,  Rockford,  Winnebago,  Roscoe,  Willow 
Creek  (llarleni  Township),  Pecatonica,  and  Scipio  (also  in  Harlem  Town- 
ship), wert;  aspirants  for  county  seat  honors.  The  following  figures  show 
the  number  of  votes  cast  for  each  town:  Rockford,  320;  Winnebago,  75; 
Roscoe,  2;  Willow  Creek,  5;  Pecatonica,  1;  Scipio,  1;  total  votes  cast,  4p4, 
of  which  Rocktord  had  a  majority  over  all  of  236  vote's.  This  election 
settled  for  all  time  the  county  seat  troubles  of  Winnebago  County,  although 
it  left  for  many  yetirs  trace's  of  ill-feeling  between  some  of  the  settlers, 
notwithstanding  the  victors  treated  the  vanquished  right  royally  the  night 
after  the  election,  at  the  Rockford  House,  where  each  pledged  the  other  in 
Kentucky's  best  Bourbon  to  "let  the  dead  past  bury  its  dead,"  and  to  for- 
ever ignore  the  personal  differences  that  had  grown  up  out  of  the  question 
they  had  tliat  day  settled  at  the  ballot  box. 

J^'rom  that  day  Winnebago  began  to  fall  into  decay.  Some  of  the 
houses  that  had  been  built  there  were  pulled  down,  hauled  to  Rockford  and 
re-erected;  others  were  removed  elsewhere,  and  Boilvin  &  Co.  saw  their 
cherished  hopes  vanish  into  nothingness.  Mr.  Reed  subsequently  moved  to 
Rockton,  where  he  continued  to  reside  until  his  death.  The  lots  and  blocks 
into  which  the  section  of  land  had  been  divided  in  many  instances  became 
delinquent  for  taxes  and  were  sold,  at  tax  sale.  Rockford  has  grown  up 
that  way,  and  some  of  the  residents  occupy  houses  and  homes  on  the  south- 
ern part  of  what  was  once  Winnebago.  Another  part  of  it  is  an  open  com- 
mon; a  third  part  is  cultivated  by  Mr.  George  S.  Haskel,  the  world-renowned 
seedsman,  while  a  fourth  part  of  it  is  included  in  the  West  Rockford 
cemetery. 

A  few  years  ago,  Mrs.  Campbell,  the  widow  of  Major  Campbell,  one 
of  the  original  proprietors,  by  her  attorney  appeared  in  Rockford  and  put  in 
a  claim  for  dower  interest  in  this  land.  The  facts  upon  which  she  based 
her  claim  were  these:  Some  time  after  Mr.  Campbell  had  become  interested 
in  Winnebago,  he  took  the  benefit  of  the  bankrupt  law,  and  among  other 
aasignments  made  for  the  benefit  of  his  creditors  he  assigned  his  interest 
in  the  Winnebago  property  without  the  knowledge,  consent,  or  signature  of 
his  wife.  After  his  death,  and  when  legal  luminaries  had  discovered  that 
no  assignment  of  real  estate  was  good  in  law  without  the  wife  joined  in  the 
assignment,  she  sought  to  recover  her  dower  interest  here  as  above  stated. 
Some  of  the  parties  who  had  become  owners  of  lots  and  grounds  in  Winne- 
bago readily  settled  and  paid  over  whatever  price  was  agreed  upon.  Some 
others,  believing  that  possession  covers  nine  points  in  law,  presented  a  bold 
front,  "determined  to  hold  the  fort."  To  these,  Mrs.  Campbell's  agent 
proposed  an  appraisement  of  the  property  and  a  settlement  on  the  basis  of 
five  per  cent,  of  whatever  value  might  be  established.  Another  part  of  the 
occupants  laughed  the  claim  to  scorn.  As  a  town,  Winnebago  lost  its  pres- 
tige, what  little  it  had,  when  Rockford  was  voted  the  county  seat  by  a 
majority  of  236  over  all  competitors,  and  little  by  little  it  passed  into 
oblivion,  and  there  is  no  thing  now  but  its  name  to  mark  its  memory. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  255 

FIEST  CIRCUIT  COURT JUDGE,  JURY,  ETC. 

Notwithstanding  the  county  was  organized  and  the  machinery  put  in 
working  order  in  x\ugust,  1830,  no  circuit  court  was  held  in  the  county 
until  October,  1837.  The  sessions  of  the  county  comniissioners  had  been 
held  at  the  house  of  Daniel  S.  Haight.  The  commissioners  were  vested 
with  power  to  designate  the  place  where  the  sessions  of  the  circuit  court 
should  be  held,  and  in  consonance  with  that  powei-  they  designated  the 
house  of  Mr.  Haight.  By  this  time,  Mr.  Haight  had  erected  a  mure  pre- 
tentious structure  than  his  first  cabin,  and  had  named  it  the  Rockford 
House,  occupying  it  as  a  hotel.  In  this  building,  says  Mr.  J.  H.  Thurston, 
the  first  session  of  the  circuit  court  was  held.  The  court  convened  October 
6,  1837.  Dan  (not  Daniel)  Stone  was  judge  and  James  H.  Mitchell  was 
clerk.  Judge  Stone  occupied  one  of  the  few  chairs  the  house  afibrded, 
which  was  placed  behind  a  table  that  occupied  a  central  position  in  one  end 
of  the  room,  and  the  clerk  occupied  another  table  and  another  one  of  the 
few  remaining  chairs.  The  states  attorney  was  not  present,  and  Judge 
Stone  appointed  Seth  B.  Farwell  prosecutor  jpro  tern.  The  audience  con- 
tented themselves  with  seats  on  rude  benches  that  were  placed  around  the 
sides  of  the  room.  The  petit  jurors  in  attendance  at  this  term  of  court 
were:  Edward  Gating,  James  B.  Martyn,  Joel  Pike,  William  Pepper, 
Bichard  Montague,  Isaac  N.  Cunningham,  Thatcher  Blake,  Henry  Thurs- 
ton, Charles  I.  Horsman,  David  G-oodrich,  James  Jackson,  and  Cyrus 
Jenks.  Of  these  jurymen,  only  Thatcher  Blake,  Richard  Montague,  and 
James  B.  Martyn  are  known  to  be  still  living,  'i'he  first  two  named  reside 
in  Rockford,  and  James  B.  Martyn  at  Belvidere,  the  owner  and  manager  of 
the  Baltic  Flouring  Mills. 

The  compensation  of  jurors  in  those  days  was  fixed  at  seventy-five 
cents  per  day  for  each  day's  attendance,  and  payment  made  in  county  orders 
worth  only  about  forty  cents  on  the  dollar. 

The  first  case  called  was  S.  Finley  vs.  David  A.  Blake.  This  case  was 
continued.  The  next  was  The  People  of  the  State  of  Illinois  vs.  Isaac 
Hance  and  Albert  Hance,  but  no  prosecuting  witnesses  appearing  the  case 
was  quashed.  The  case  of  the  People  vs.  Robert  Mattox,  charged  with 
assault  with  intent  to  kill,  was  also  quashed.  The  most  important  case, 
and  one  of  two  that  went  to  a  jury,  was  a  suit  over  a  claim  between  Samuel 
Gregory  and  Thomas  Lake.  Aften  a  two  days'  session,  the  court  adjourned 
until  the  next  term  in  course, 

THE    FIRST    CRIME HORRIBLE    DISCOVERY. 

The  first  crime  committed  in  the  county  after  its  settlement  by  white 
men,  dates  back  to  1835 — a  year  before  the  county  was  organized,  and  that 
crime  remains  as  much  of  a  mystery  in  1877 — forty-two  years  after  it  was 
committed — as  it  was  when  first  uncovered.  It  is  at  least  one  instance  in 
contradiction  of  the  old  saying  that  "murder  will  out."  This  mystery  con- 
sisted in  the  finding  of  the  remains  of  a  human  body  in  the  woods  about 
two  and  a  half  miles  south  of  Rockford.  The  body  was  terribly  mutilated 
and  in  an  advanced  state  of  decomposition,  but  not  so  far  decomposed  as  to 
render  its  indentity,  as  those  of  a  white  man,  obscure  or  doubtful.  The 
finding  of  these  remains  naturally  excited  the  people  and  sowed  the  seed  of 
distrust.  Up  to  that  time  nothing  had  ever  transpired  to  shake  their  faith 
in  each  other,  but  this  was  a  mystery.     Harmony  and  good  will  had  always 


256  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COTTNTT. 

prevailed  amons;  the  people  from  one  end  of  the  county  to  the. other,  and, 
knowing  each  other  as  they  imagined  they  did,  it  was  impossible  to  fix  the 
crime  npon  any  one.  Says  James  P.  Ma'rtyn,  now  of  Belvidere,  in  speak- 
ing ot  this  discovery  to  the  writer  :  "The  finding  of  this  ghastly  corpse  in 
the  woods  only  two  miles  from  Rockford  upset  the  entire  community.  By 
some,  the  murder  was  charged  to  a  few  scattering  Indians  that  had  been 
roaming  about  the  settlement.  But  this  theory  was  not  justified  by  the 
status  the  Indians  had  maintained  toward  the  whites,  which  had  always 
been  friendly.  Others  were  of  the  opinion  that  there  was  a  Cain  among 
the  pioneers  of  those  days,  but  the  general  character  sustained  by  the  early 
settlers  bore  down  this  opinion,  and  the  more  the  matter  was  discussed,  the 
more  hidden  the  murderer  seemed  to  become.  The  general  conclusion 
reached,  however,  was  that  the  poor  fellow  had  T)een  murdered  for  his  claim, 
and  that,  while  his  slayer  was  among  the  later  comers  to  the  settlement, 
his  crime  had  l)een  so  secretly  and  stealthily  committed  as  to  be  past  find- 
ing out.  The  remains  were  buried  in  the  woods  where  they  were  found, 
since  when  they  have  not  been  disturbed." 

This  first  crime  was  also  the  first  death  in  the  county.  The  second 
death  was  that  of  Sampson  George,  an  Englishman,  who  came  to  the  county 
in  September,  183B,  his  death  occurring  about  five  weeks  after  his  arrival. 
A  short  time  after  arriving  in  the  county,  Mr.  George  purchased  an  880 
acre  claim  of  Mr.  Joshua  Faucett,  about  one  and  a  half  miles  southeast  of 
Rockford,  where  he  was  engaged  in  preparing  and  fitting  up  a  cabin  for 
winter  (juarters,  when  he  fell  a  victim  to  sickness  and  disease  which  termin- 
ated in  death. 

COUNTY   OFFICES. FIRST  LE\T    OF   TAXES. 

For  several  years  after  the  county  was  organized,  the  county  business 
was  all  transacted  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  and  on  that  side  the  first 
court  house,  a  small  affair,  was  built.  It  was  located  on  the  present  site  of 
the  American  House.  Besides  serving  as  a  court  house,  it  was  also  used  for 
holding  religious  services,  and  during  1838-9,  it  was  also  ustd  as  a  school 
house,  Mr.  James  M.  Wight  being  the  teacher,  who  also  has  the  credit  of 
being'tlie  first  male  teacher  in  the  county.  This  building  wts  afterwards 
used  as  a  printing  oflice,  by  Philander  Knappen,  who  published  a  newspaper 
known  as  the  Rockford  Star^  a  Democratic  organ,  in  1840,  continuing  it 
for  a  little  over  a  year,  when  he  sold  the  establishment  to  John  A.  Brown, 
who  changed  the  name  to  the  Rockford  Pilot.  This  building  was  subse- 
quently removed  to  the  opposite  side  of  the  block  (where  it  is  still  standing) 
remodeled  and  converted  into  a  dwelling  house,  and  is  designated  as  No. 
114  North  First  street. 

Resuming  an  examination  of  the  old  County  Commissioners'  record, 
we  find  that  the  iirst  order  levying  county  taxes  was  made  at  the  March 
term  ot  1837.  That  order  was  short,  and  was  embraced  in  these  two 
paragraphs  : 

"Ordered  that  one-half  per  cent,  taxes  be  levied  on  the  following 
property  : 

"Town  lots,  horses  and  mares,  meat  cattle  above  three  years  old,  watches, 
carriages  and  wagons;  and  it  is  likewise  ordered  that  one-fourth  per  cent, 
be  levied  on  stock  in  trade." 

The  sum  total  of  the  assessment  under  this  order  was  $562.59^.  Of 
this  sum,  $298.29^  was  assessed  against  personal  property;  $264.30  against 


/^. 


ROCKFORD 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  259 

town  lots  in  Winnebago,  owned  by  non-residents.  At  that  date,  lands  were 
not  taxable — the  lands  not  yet  having  come  into  market.  Under  the  old 
constitution  and  laws,  assessments  were  made  by  county  treasurers,  and  the 
taxes  ctiUected  by  sheriffs.  As  previously  noted,  Mr.  K.  J.  Cross  had  been 
appointed  county  treasurer  in  the  tall  of  1S36,  and  it  took  him  only  fifteen 
da3's  to  complete  the  first  assessment  made  in  the  county,  for  which  service 
he  was  allowed  the  sum  of  $30.00,  or  $2.00  per  day.  He  was  also  allowed 
the  further  sum  of  $9.28  for  receiving  and  disbursing  the  taxes  when  col- 
lected, that  being  two  per  cent,  on  the  amount  collected— about  $464.00. 

SURVEY    OF    PUBLIC    LANDS. LAND    SALES. 

The  survey  of  the  public  lands  in  Winnebago  County  was  not  com- 
menced until  the  fall  of  1836,  after  the  first  county  election  in  August. 
Don  Alonzo  Spaulding  was  the  surveyor,  and  among  his  assistants  was  C. 
B.  Farwell  who  has  since  represented  one  of  the  Chicago  districts  in  Con- 
gress. The  lands  did  not  come  into  market  until  the  fall  of  1839,  and  for 
three  years  after  were  exempt  from  taxation,  so  that  it  was  not  until  1842-3 
that  any  county  revenue  was  derived  from  that  source.  All  revenue  neces- 
sary to  defray  the  expenses  of  the  county  until  the  lands  became  taxable 
was  raised  from  taxes  assessed  against  personal  property. 

The  opening  of  the  lands  to  sale  and  entry  was  an  interesting  era  to 
the  settlers  of  W  innebago  County.  Many  of  them  had  got  their  farms  well 
under  way,  and  had  raised  a  suflicient  surplus  to  enable  them  to  be  pre- 
pared to  secure  their  homes  when  the  sale  commenced.  Others  had  enough 
hoarded  up  from  other  sources  when  they  first  settled  on  their  claims,  but  a 
few  were  so  unfortunate  as  to  be  dependent  on  a  certain  class  of  men  who 
are  always  around  at  such  times,  anxious  to  befriend  the  needy,  provided 
they  can  make  a  nice  thing  out  of  it  for  themselves. 

The  years  1837-8-9,  up  to  the  oj)ening  of  the  land  sales  at  Galena,  in 
October  of  the  last  named  year,  were  not  marked  by  any  events  of  extraor- 
dinary interest.  For  the  most  part,  the  settlers  were  an  honest,  upright 
and  industrious  people  as  individuals,  and  correspondingly  so  as  a  com- 
munity. Secure  in  possession  of  their  homes  by  a  guaranty  from  "Uncle 
Sam,"  new  plans  were  marked  out  and  new  enterprises  undertaken,  that,  in 
a  large  majority  of  cases,  were  successfully  carried  out.  Public  and  private 
economy  seem  to  have  been  well  studied ;  and  public  and  private  business 
so  carefully  managed  from  the  beginning  that  Winnebago  County  and 
Winnebago  people  have  come  to  enjoy  an  enviable  character,  both  at  home 
and  abroad. 

EARLY  POLITICS INCIDENTS,    ETC. 

Until  the  opening  of  the  ever  memorable  campaign  of  1840,  there  was 
but  little  to  disturb  the  "even  tenor  of  the  ways"  and  pursuits  of  the  people, 
or  to  distract  their  attention  from  the  industries  in  which  they  were  en- 
gaged. But  the  enthusiasm  of  that  campaign  reached  the  uttermost  parts 
of  the  country,  and  the  excitement  ran  as  high  in  the  Winnebago  country 
as  it  did  among  the  people  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  Tippecanoe 
battle  ground  in  the  Wabash  (Indiana)  country,  or  among  the  neighbors  of 
General  Harrison  (the  political  idol  of  the  Whig  party),  in  his  JN^orth  Bend 
home,  in  Hamilton  County,  Ohio.  That  was  the  "Log  Cabin,"  "Coon 
Skin,"  and  "Hard  Cider"  campaign,  and  the  campaign  which,  in  a  measure, 
was  the  origin  of  the  large  political  meetings  that  have  since  marked  our 

15 


260  mSTORY  OF  WINNEBAGO  COUNTY. 

presidential  camyjai^^ns,  and  rendered  them  important  eras  in  the  history  of 
our  national  poHtics.  In  that  campaign,  large  delegations,  headed  by  bands 
of  music,  and  log  cabins  built  on  wheels,  sometimes  drawn  by  four  horses, 
and  sometimes  by  several  yokes  of  oxen,  would  travel  scores  of  miles  to 
participate  in  AVhig  meetings  and  listen  to  Whig  gospel  as  it  fell  from  the 
lips  of  Whig  orators.  Following  the  log  cabins  there  would  sometimes  be 
a  huge  canoe,  long  enough  and  wide  enough  to  seat  fifty  men,  all  of  whom 
would  wear  coon  "skin  caps,  and  maybe  support  on  their  right  shoulders  a 
miniature  cabin  built  of  hazel  or  willow  twigs.  General  Plarrison  had 
made  the  race  against  Van  Buren  in  1836,  but  was  defeated.  He  was 
again  nomiiuited  by  the  Whigs  in  1840,  and  Van  Buren  by  the  Democrats. 
From  the  time  these  nominations  were  made  until  the  day  of  the  election 
in  November,  the  excitement  ran  high  and  both  parties  were  on  the  alert 
for  every  possible  advantage.  One  of  the  leading  arguments  oi  the  Whigs 
in  that  campaign  was  that  Van  Buren's  re-election  would  be  the  signal  for 
a  reduction  in  the  price  of  all  American  commodities,  the  ruin  of  industr}'- 
and  the  destruction  of  labor.  Whig  newspapers  in  those  days  contained 
advertisements  something  like  the  following  : 

The  subscriber  will  pay  six  dollars  per  barrel  for  flour  if  Harrison  is  elected,  and 
three  dollars  if  Van  Buren  is. 

The  subscriber  will  pay  five  dollars  per  hundred  weight  for  pork  if  Harrison  is 
elected,  and  two  dollars  and  a  half  if  Van  Buren  is. 

Winnebago  County  had  started  out  as  a  Whig  County,  and  when  the 
campaign  of  1840  opened,  the  Whig  voters  entered  fully  into  the  spirit  that 
had  been  awakened  in  the  older  states,  and  the  symbols  of  the  Whig  party 
— log  cabins,  coon  skins,  hard  cider  and  canoes — were  readily  adopted  as 
peculiarly  symbolic  of  the  condition  of  the  country.  Public  meetings  were 
appointed,  hard  cider  was  drunk,  Whig  songs  were  suHg  in  unison  with 
fifes,  drums  and  fiddles,  speeches  were  made  both  by  day  and  by  night,  and 
thus  the  campaign  went  on. 

Up  to  this  time,  the  Democrats  had  always  carried  the  state,  and  it  was 
determined  by  the  Whigs  that  a  political  regeneration  must  be  secured; 
and  to  aid  in  this  undertaking,  it  was  determined  by  the  local  Whig  leaders 
to  get  up  a  rousing  rally  at  Rockford.  The  meeting  was  called,  and  the  re- 
sponse was  most  gratifying.  H.  B.  Potter  was  marshal  of  the  day,  and  as 
delegations  from  different  parts  of  Winnebago  and  adjoining  counties  ap- 
proached the  embryo  city,  they  were  met  by  the  marshal,  his  aids,  and  por- 
tions, at  least,  of  such  delegations  as  had  already  arrived,  and  the  band — an 
E  bugle  played  by  Sam  Parker,  and  a  clarionet  manipulated  by  another 
musical  genius,  whose  name  we  have  forgotten.  Neither  one  of  the  mem- 
bers of  this  "band"  knew  anything  of  music,  and  consequently  could  not 
"keep  time"  or  play  in  unison,  so  they  concluded  to  play  separately.  The 
effect  of  this  double  solo  may  be  imagined,  but  is  not  easily  described;  but 
headed  by  this  band,  the  delegations  were  marched  into  town.  Men,  women 
and  children  took  part  in  this  meeting,  which  was  addressed  by  Hon.  Edw. 
Baker  (who  subse(j[uently  became  a  general  in  the  union  army),  Jacob  B. 
Miller  and  others. 

During  this  campaign,  a  number  of  incidents  occurred  in  Eockford, 
the  mention  of  which  awakens  recollections  of  olden  times.  Among  these 
is  the  following: 

The  Whigs  had  selected  a  log  cabin  on  the  corner  of  South  Main  and 
State  streets,  east  side,  and  surmounted  it  with  the  tallest  pole  that  could  be 


aiSTOKY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  261 

found  in  the  woods.  Cords  and  ]>ulleys  were  attached,  and  all  was  left  in 
readiness  to  run  up  the  stars  and  stripes.  The  night  before  the  meeting 
for  which  these  preparations  were  made,  the  Democrats  conceived  the  idea 
of  playing  a  trick  on  their  Whig  neighbors,  and  at  once  put  it  into  effect. 
To  a  red  flannel  skirt  (which  was  claimed  by  the  Democrats  to  he  suggestive 
of  some  little  difficulty  in  which  General  Harrison  was  the  chief  actor) 
they  attached  the  cord  and  running  it  up  to  the  top  of  tlici  pole,  cut 
the  C(»rd  so  high  that  it  could  not  be  taken  down.  But  the  anticipated  effect 
of  this  intended  joke  was  lost,  for  the  Whigs  were  not  disconcerted  by  it  in 
the  least,  but  calmly  said  to  the  perpetrators,  "if  that  is  your  flag,  gentle- 
men, you  are  welcome  to  it."  To  the  credit  of  the  more  thoughtful  of  the 
Democrats,  like  Haight,  Knappen  and  others,  they  condemned  the  act  as 
unworthy  of  good  Democrats,  and  washed  their  hands  of  the  afl'air  in  an 
extra  edition  of  the  Star  (Knappen's  paper),  which  was  freely  circulated  at 
the  Whig  meeting. 

The  most  active  Whig  speakers  of  those  days  were  M.  P.  Sweet,  of 
Freeport,  Jacob  B.  Miller,  and  the  present  Judge  Drummond,  who  was  at 
that  time  a  young  lawyer  practicing  at  the  Rockford  bar,  and  Judge  Selden 
M.  Church,  who  still  lives  at  Rockford.  The  Democrats  were  locally  rep- 
resented by  Thompson  Campbell,  Jason  Marsh,  Daniel  S.  Haight,  and  I*. 
Knappen,  editor  of  the  Sta7\ 

In  1840  the  Winnebago  prairies,  hill  tops  and  river  valleys  seemed  to 
be  alive  with  Whigs,  and  Democracy  was  on  the  decline.  This  condition  of 
the  political  pulse  alarmed  the  Democrats  and  nerved  them  to  action.  A 
great  Democratic  meeting  was  called,  and  preparations  made  on  an  elaborate 
scale  for  the  diffusion  of  Democratic  truths.  The  enemy  must  be  assaulted 
and  the  Whig  arn.iy  routed,  horse,  foot  and  dragoon.  To  this  end,  the  big- 
gest guns  of  the  party  were  engaged  to  be  present  and  belch  forth  Demo- 
cratic thunder.  Huge  posters  were  procured  and  spread  broadcast, 
announcing  in  heavy  lines  and  flaming  colors  the  names  of  the  speakers  and 
a  brief  outline^of  the  programme.  Among^  the  speakers  was  John — Long 
John — -Wentworth,  of  Chicago,  then  a  Democrat  in  good  standing,  of 
whom,  on  this  occasion,  the  following  joke  is  told: 

Some  days  before  the  great  Democratic  rally  was  to  take  place,  the 
towering  form  of  Mr.  Wentworth  loomed  up  in  the  midst  of  the  Bock- 
fordites,  by  whom  he  was  looked  up  to  as  the  great  political  Moses  who 
was  to  deliver  the  Democracy  from  the  toils  the  Whigs  were  spreading 
around  them.  The  day  before  that  set  for  the  meeting,  Mr.  Wentworth 
sought  the  solitude  and  privacy  ot  an  adjacent  grove  (so  the  story  goes), 
and  mounting  a  convenient  log,  with  the  trees  for  an  audience,  proceeded 
to  rehearse  the  speech  he  had  prepared  for  delivery  the  next  day.  But  he 
was  not  unheard  by  man.  Giles  C.  Hard,  the  ferryman,  was  an  involuntary 
listener,  and  after  listening  to  the  speaker's  flow  of  logic  and  eloquence 
until  his  pent-up  admiration  and  enthusiasm  could  be  controlled  no  longer, 
he  gave  vent  to  his  feelings  in  "rapturous applause,"  and  rushed  forward  to 
congratulate  Mr.  W.  upon  his  soul-stirring  address.  It  is  needless  to  say, 
that,  though  approaching  the  finale  of  his  speech,  it  was  not  fully  com- 
pleted that  day  nor  the  next  in  consequence  of  Mr.  Hard's  interruption, 
and  the  subse(|uent  act  in  the  drama.  The  joke  was  too  good  to  keep, 
and  Hard  opened  the  bag,  or  rather  his  mouth,  and  let  the  secret 
out..  Mr.  B.  J.  Gray,  the  editor  of  the  Whig  newspaper,  the  Express, 
got  hold  of  it,   and  Hard,   having   a   good   memory,  repeated    it  to  that 


262  HISTORY   OF   wnSTNEBAGO   COTJNTY. 

gentleman,  who  noted  it  down.  That  night  the  Express  office  was  illum- 
inated and  Mr.  Wentworth's  speech  to  the  trees  put  in  type,  and  long 
before  the  Democratic  meeting  appointed  for  the  next  day  had  assembled, 
extras  of  the  Express  containing  this'  speech  were  issued,  and  scat- 
tered broadcast  tlironghout  Rockford,  thus  forestalling  the  public  mind, 
and  stealing  the  speaker's  thunder.  The  originality,  poetry  and  eloquence 
of  the  speech  were  gone,  and  what  little  of  it  Mr.  Wentworth  did  dehver, 
fell  vapid  upon  the  ears  of  his  listeners.  Knowing  the  cause  and  appreciat- 
ing the  awkwardness  of  the  situation,  the  speaker  finally  abandoned  the 
line  of  the  stolen  speech,  and  branched  olf  in  an  entirely  different  line  of 
argument,  and,  rising  to  the  dignity  of  the  occasion,  made  one  of  the  best 
political  speeches  (from  a  Democratic  stand-point)  ever  delivered  in  Winne- 
bago County. 

After  having  been  once  beaten  for  the  office  of  Clerk  of  the  Circuit 
Court  of  Hamilton  County,  Ohio,  and  for  President  in  1836,  General  Har- 
rison was  elected  in  1840,  but  lived  to  fill  the  office  but  one  month.  Of  all 
the  presidents  before  or  since  his  time,  Yan  Buren  was  the  only  one  who 
left  his  salary  as  president  intact  and  untouched  until  the  expiration  of  his 
term  (March,  1841),  when  he  drew  the  entire  amount,  $100,000  in  gold,  and 
retired  to  Kinderhook.  In  after  years  he  became  the  leader  and  candidate 
of  the  Free  Soil  party  for  president. 

PKAIRIE   BANDITS    AKD     OUTLAWRY. 

As  the  immigration  increased,  a  few  bad  and  dishonest  characters  fol- 
lowed, and  scattered  themselves  about  among  the  people  in  different  parts 
of  the  county.  Up  to  1840-1  only  one  crime  of  a  serious  nature  (and  of 
that  mention  has  already  been  made),  so  far  as  the  records  show,  had  been 
committed.  But  from  this  time  for  several  years  forward,  the  honest  people 
seem  to  have  been  at  the  mercy  of  the  outlaws  and  desperadoes.  This  gang 
of  cut-throats,  however,  was  not  confined  to  Winnebago  County  alone,  but 
was  spread  broadcast  over  the  country,  while  they  had  communication  with 
like  characters  in  all  the  Western  and  Southwestern  states  and  territories. 
The  honest,  industrious  part  of  the  community  had  been  attracted  here  by 
the  advantages  the  country  offered  for  procuring  homes  and  the  accumula- 
tion of  sufficient  wealth  to  provide  against  want  in  declining  years.  The 
blacklegs  followed,  on  the  same  principle  that  "where  the  carcass  is,  there 
will  be  gathered  the  buzzards  also."  Another  consideration  with  them, 
perhaps,  was  the  scarcity  of  jails  and  prisons,  the  unorganized  condition  of 
society,  the  absence  of  civil  law,  and  consequently  the  comparative  ease  with 
which  they  might  escape  detection,  or  at  least  punishment  by  imprison- 
ment, etc.  For  several  years  after  the  first  settlement  of  Winnebago 
County,  the  nearest  jail  was  at  Galena,  and  that  was  only  an  apology  for  a 
prison.  It  is  related  that  on  one  occasion  an  evil  doer  was  sentenced  to 
jail  for  some  offense,  and  that  he  was  taken  to  the  Galena  jail  and  locked  up. 
The  sheriff  started  home,  but  had  scarcely  left  the  shadow  of  the  jail,  before 
his  prisoner  managed  to  get  out,  and  when  the  sheriff"  arrived  at  Rockford, 
his  late  prisoner  was  among  the  first  to  greet  his  return.  In  those  days  the 
facilities  for  administering  justice  were  necessarily  incomplete,  the  courts 
but  imperfectly  organized,  while  the  resources  from  which  to  derive  revenue 
to  pay  officers  of  law,  were  very  limited.  Most  of  the  people  who  had  set- 
tled here  brought  but  .little  of  this  world's  goods  with  them,  but  depended 
on  their  own  strong  arms  and  industry  and  the  resources  of  nature  to  sup- 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  263 

ply  them  with  the  necessaries  of  life.  All  these  things  were  understood 
and  considered  by  the  blackdegs  and  their  allies,  and  were  just  so  many 
arguments  to  induce  them  to  choose  this  as  a  field  for  their  operations. 
The  sparse  settlements,  absence  of  thickly  traveled  roads  and  the  long  dis- 
tances between  houses,  offered  favorable  opportunities  for  transferring  stolen 
horses  from  one  section  to  another.  Extending  from  Wisconsin  down 
through  Illinois  into  Missouri  and  Arkansas,  there  was  unquestionably  a 
line  of  horse  thieves,  along  which  stolen  horses  were  almost  continaously 
passing.  This  line  had  convenient  stations,  and  the  stations  were  in  charge 
of  men,  who,  to  all  outward  appearances  were  honest,  hard-working  set- 
tlers. Under  this  arrangement  a  horse  stolen  at  either  end  of  the  line,  or 
anywhere  in  its  vicinity  in  the  interior,  for  that  matter,  could  be  passed 
from  one  agent  to  another,  and  no  one  of  the  agents  be  absent  from  his 
home  or  business  for  more  tlian  a  few  hours  at  a  time.  And  thus,  for  years, 
they  could  remain  unsuspected.  I>ut  these  operations  grew  bolder  and 
bolder.  Horse  after  horse  would  be  stolen  and  spirited  away,  no  one  knew 
where  or  how.  Robbery  after  robbery  occurred  throughout  the  country, 
and  every  once  in  a  while  a  mangled  corpse  would  be  found  in  some  unin- 
habited wood.  Counterfeit  money  was  flooding  the  country,  but  no  clue  to 
the  authors  of  these  crimes  could  be  obtained.  Ogle  County,  particularly, 
seemed  to  be  a  favorite  and  chosen  field  for  the  operations  of  these  outlaws, 
but  they  extended  into  Winnebago  as  well.  At  last  they  became  too  com- 
mon for  longer  endurance.  Patience  ceased  to  be  a  virtue;  and  hope  that 
such  things  would  die  out  as  the  country  advanced  in  population  and  im- 
provements, grew  sick,  ixxid  determined  desperation  seized  upon  the  minds 
of  men,  and  they  resolved  if  there  were  no  laws  that  would  protect  them 
against  the  ravages  of  thieves,  robbers  and  counterfeiters,  that  they  would 
protect  themselves.  It  was  a  desperate  resolve,  and  desperately  and  bloodily 
executed. 

It  may  not  be  amiss  in  this  connection  to  state,  that,  as  subsequent 
events  proved,  some  of  the  gang  of  villains,  to  whose  operations  reference 
has  just  been  made,  had  so  conducted  themselves  be^fore  the  public  that  they 
had  been  clothed  with  positions  of  trust.  This  is  particularly  true  as  to  Lee 
County.  About  the  year  1835  or  1836  there  came  to  Inlet  Grove,  in 
that  county,  Adolphus  Bliss  and  his  wife,  Hannah,  and  two  other  men 
named  Dewey  and  West.  These  parties  were  the  first  to  settle  in  that 
part  of  the  county,  and  from  the  close  intimacy  that  existed  be- 
tween them,  they  came  to  be  known  to  the  later  settlers  as 
''  Bliss,  Dewey,  West  &  Co."  They  had  each  settled  on  gov- 
ernment land,  and  to  the  casual  passer-by  seemed  to  be  intent  on 
making  farms  and  earning  an  honest  living.  But  time  and  events  proved 
otherwise.  Bliss  had  built  a  log  house,  which  was  known  all  along  the 
Rock  River  valley  as  the  "  Log  Tavern."  On  a  board  in  front  of  the  house 
painted  in  large  black  letters,  was  this  inscription — "  Travellers'  Home." 
To  many  a  land  hunter  in  those  days  that  sign  was  a  welcome  sight,  and 
many  a  family  and  individual  sojourned  there  longer  than  they  would  have 
done  had  they  known  the  true  character  of  the  proprietors.  Later  events 
showed  that  this  "  Log  Tavern  "  was  a  rendezvous  for  counterfeiters,  or,  at 
least,  a  distributing  point  for  their  currency  and  coin,  especially  the  latter. 
Making  change  is  quite  a  business  in  its  way  with  hotel  keepers,  and,  as 
most  people  know,  change  is  sometimes  hard  to  get.  But  "Aunt  Hannah," 
the  wife  of  Bliss,  was  never  "  short,"  and  never  allowed  herself  to  become 


264  HISTORY   OF   WINNSIBAGO    COUNTY. 

SO,  for  she  had  the  means  of  always  maldng  the  supply  equal  to  tlie  demand, 
for,  as  subsequently  shown,  she  kept  no  less  than  five  sets  of  bogus  dies 
sewed  up  in  her  feather  bed.  JN'ow,  for  the  other  parties:  Dewey  was 
Bliss'  nearest  neighbor  on  the  one  hand,  and  West  on  the  other,  the  last  of 
whom  eventually  turned  traitor,  and  revealed  the  secrets  of  "Bliss,  Dewey, 
West  ct  Co."  As  the  settlement  in  that  neighborhood  increased,  Dewey 
was  elected  justice  of  the  peace,  and  West  was  chosen  constable.  When- 
ever their  funds  began  to  run  low,  all  that  was  necessary  to  replenish  their 
exchequer  was  to  call  on  Aunt  Hannah,  and  officially  demand  the  dies,  and 
their  demands  were  never  resisted — for  such  resistance  would  have  been  a 
criminal  breach  of  the  law!  Whenever  an  attempt  was  made  to  arrest  a 
villain.  Justice  Dewey  would  inform  his  comrades  of  the  facts,  then  issue  a 
Avarrant  and  place  it  in  the  hands  of  Constable  West  for'service,who,  knowing 
in  which  direction  the  outlaw  had  gone,  would  start  out  in  hot  haste  in  a 
directly  opposite  direction,  and,  of  course,  always  return  his  warrant  en- 
dorsed "not  found.'"  For  years,  the  firm  of  "Bliss,  Dewey,  West-tfe  Co." 
boldly  prosecuted  this  kind  of  business.  At  last,  however,  their  true  char- 
acters were  unmasked,  and  Bliss  and  Dewey  were  arrested,  tried,  convicted 
and  sent  to  the  states  prison  at  Alton^  West  appearing  against  them  as  a 
witness  on  the  part  of  the  people  that  he  and  they  had  so  long  outraged  and 
plundered. 

From  1837-8  to  1844-5,  when  the  gang  was  finally  broken  up — st)me 
of  them  killed  by  the  "regulators,"  some  arrested  and  sent  to  the  peniten- 
tiary, and  the  others  driven  from  the  state — horse  stealing  Avas  carried  on 
in  a  wholesale  manner.  Two  men  named  Birch  and  Sutton  seem  to  have 
been  trusty  leaders  of  the  gang,  and  to  them  was  confided  the  duty  of  run- 
ning horses  from  Wisconsin  to  Missouri,  and  from  Missouri  to  Wisconsin. 
These  fellows  would  come  up  from  the  south  and  southwest  with  stolen 
horses,  and,  unless  in  fear  of  immediate  pursuit,  would  sometimes  leave 
them  with  Dewey,  West  &  Sawyer,  at  Inlet  Grove;  Bridge,  Driscoll  &  Co., 
at  Washington  Grove;  or  Oliver  k  Co.,  at  Rockford,  and  so  on  to  the  end 
of  the  line.  These  parties  would  dispose  of  them  as  emergencies  or  neces- 
sities required.     This  brings  our  history  back  to  Winnebago  county. 

Charles  Oliver,  of  whom  mention  was  made  in  the  last  preceding  para- 
graph, was  a  man  of  pleasing  exterior,  and,  as  is  sonietimc;s  said  of  coun- 
terl'eit  bills  "well  calculated"  to  deceive."  He  came  here  in  1836,  when 
Haight's  old  Eockford  House  w^as  in  the  zenith  of  its  glory,  where  he 
became  a  permanent  and  popular  boarder,  "a  hale  fellow  well  met,"  but 
who,  as  was  afterwards  proven  in  court,  was  the  head  center  and  ring  leader 
of  the  gang  of  outlaws  that  infested  this  part  of  the  country  for  so  many 
years.  But  notwithstanding  all  this,  he  came  near  being  foisted  on  to  the 
Rockford  community  as  a  justice  of  the  peace,  the  particulars  of  which  we 
glean  from  Mr.  James  B.  Martyn,  an  early  settler  of  Winnebago  county, 
but  now  of  Belvidere,  and  from  whose  memory  we  have  heretofore  quoted. 
Says  this  authority:  "Oliver  was  a  man  of  some  means,  his  father  telling  me 
that  he  had  started  Charles  out  in  the  world  with  $4,000,  hoping  that  he 
would  do  well.  An  election  for  a  justice  of  the  peace  coming  on  some  time 
after  young  Oliver's  arrival,  he  was  chosen  as  a  candidate  on  the  one  side, 
and  myself  (Martyn)  on  the  other.  The  election  was  closely  contested,  and 
the  polls  did  not  close  until  10  o'clock  at  night.  In  those  days,  so  long  as 
a  vote  was  offered  every  ten  minutes,  the  polls  were  kept  open ;  and  in  this 
instance  the  friends  of  the  respective  candidates  were  so  anxious  and  deter- 


HISTORY    OK   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  265 

mined  that  they  never  quit  the  polls  until  every  voter  in  the  precinct  had 
been  brought  out,  and  was  known  to  have  cast  his  ballot.  Oliver  was  beaten 
by  a  small  majority." 

Up  to  1841  no  decisive  measures  had  been  inaui;-urated  to  rid  the  country 
of  the  presence  of  the  villains  that  had  apparent  control  of  everything. 
The  laws  could  not  be  enforced  with  any  degree  of  efficiency.  If  arrested, 
tried  and  found  sufficiently  guilty  to  hold  them  to  bail  {in  bailable  offenses) 
there  were  no  jails  sufficiently  secure  to  hold  them,  and  even  if  there  had 
been,  there  were  members  of  the  gang  abundantly  able  to  offer  any  amount 
of  bail  required,  and  thus  it  came" about  that  the  ranks  of  the  outlaws  were 
never  thinned  out  by  the  imprisonment  of  any  of  the  members  of  the 
unworthy  fraternity.  "  In  April,  of  this  year,  however,  fifteen  honest,  sturdy,^ 
fearless  and  determined  men  who  had  been  victims  to  the  predatory  raids  of 
the  outlaws,  held  a  meeting  in  a  log  school  house  at  AYhite  Rock,  for  con- 
sultation. These  fifteen  men  represented  a  large  district  of  county  upon 
which  the  gang  had  so  long  preyed  unmolested.  Some  of  them  were  native 
born  Americans — some  were  Canadians,  and  some  were  Scotchmen,  but  all 
were  resolute  and  determined.  Without  entering  into  details,  suffice  it  to 
sav  that  that  meeting,  after  fully  and  carefully  reviewing  the  situation  and 
the  repeated  outrages  to  which  the  commimity  had  been  subjected,  and 
recognizing  the  fact,  as  it  seemed  to  them,  that  law,  justice  and  its  execu- 
tives were  inadequate  to  the  protection  of  the  people  and  the  arrest  and 
punisliment  of  the  outlaws,  they  entered  into  a  solemn  compact  with  each 
other  to  rid  the  county  of  the  desperadoes  by  which  it  was  infested.  The 
course  resolved  upon  was  to  visit  every  known  or  suspected  person,  and 
notify  them  to  leave  the  county  within  a  given  length  of  time,  and  that  if 
they  did  not  comply,  they  would  be  summarily  and  severely  dealt  with — 
stripped  and  lashed  until  they  would  promise  to  comply  with  the  decision 
and  demands  of  the  "  Eegul'ators."  To  the  accomplishment  of  this^  work 
the  Ogle  County  Regulators  solemnly  pledged  themselves  or  to  die  in  the 
attempt.  The  work  was  soon  commenced.  From  fifteen,  their  number 
soon  increased  to  scores  and  hundreds.  Their  first  victim  was  a  man  whom 
it  was  charged  had  been  the  means  of  having  a  neighbor's  horse  stolen. 
He  was  taken  out  of  his  house  and  ordered  to  'strip,  which  order  he  obeyed. 
His  hands  were  tied  behind  his  back,  when  he  was  given  thirty-six  lashes 
with  a  raw  hide,  well  applied,  the  blood  following  every  stroke.  He  stood 
the  ordeal,  said  an  eye  witness,  without  flinching,  and  when  the  terrible 
work  was  ended,  he  remarked:  "  Now,  as  your  rage  is  satisfied,  and  to  prove 
that  I  am  an  honest  man,  I  will  join  your  company."  He  became  a  mern- 
ber,  although  it  was  almost  certainly  known  that  before  this  castigation  his 
life  had  not  been  one  of  irrepr  ;achable  honesty.  Their  next  victim  was  a 
man  who  had  once  been  a  Baptist  preacher  in  the  east,  but  had  long_  since 
fallen  from  his  high  estate.  He  was  notified  to  leave  the  country,  which  he 
agreed  to  do,  but  after  leaving  him,  it  seems  that  a  part  of  the  regulators 
returned  to  his  house,  took  him  out,  tied  him  to  a  burr  oak  tree,  and  gave 
him  ninety-six  lashes. 

Once  started,  the  organization  spread,  and  soon  extended  into  Boone, 
McHenry  and  Winnebago  counties,  and,  says  the  authority  from  which  we 
quote,  "  had  a  reg  flag  been  hoisted  during  the  night  over  every  house  the 
inmates  of  which  sympathized  with  the  regulators,  the  people,  when  they 
awoke,  would  have  supposed  the  whole  county  had  the  small-pox."  The 
friends  and  comrades  of  the  men  who  had  been   whipped  and  ordered  to 


266  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

leave  the  country  weye  fearfully  enraged  and  swore  eternal  and  bloody  ven- 
geance. Eighty  of  them  assembled  in  the  barn  of  one  of  their  number, 
where  their  plans  were  laid  and  preparations  made  to  visit  White  Ruck  and 
murder  every  man,  woman  and  child  in  that  hamlet.  That  they  absolutely 
started  on  that  bloody  mission  is  susceptible  of  proof,  but  on  the  way  they 
met  another  member'  of  the  gang,  a  little  cooler  headed  than  the  masses, 
who,  learning  the  terrible  object  of  their  raid,  implored  them  to  desist  from 
the  undertaking,  and  was  finally  successful  in  prevailing  upon  them  to  dis- 
perse to  their  hoines.  The  plans,  however,  of  the  desperadoes  had  been 
overheard,  and  intelligence  of  the  threatened  massacre  carried  to  White 
Eock,  where  preparations  were  at  once  made  by  the  people  to  defend  their 
homes  and  their  lives  as  dearly  as  the  emergency  of  tlie  occasion  required. 
Fortunately  the  attack  did  not  come,  and  the  bloody  work  was  averted. 

Soon  after  this,  Mr.  S.  Wellington,  who  had  been  elected  Captain  of 
the  Regulators,  resigned,  and  John  Campbell,  a  Scotchman  and  a  devout 
Presl)yterian,  was  chosen  as  his  successor.  Within  two  weeks  after  his 
election,  he  received  a  letter  from  William  Driscoll  filled  with  most  direful 
threats — not  only  threatening  Campbell's  life,  but  the  life  of  every  one  who 
dared  to  oppose  their  murderous,  thieving  operations.  The  only  effect  of 
this  letter  was  to  add  fuel  to  the  already  kindled  flame,  and  in  directing  the 
rage  of  the  entire  community  against  the  Driscolls.  Soon  after  the  receipt 
ot  this  letttr  by  Mr.  Campbell,  one  hundred  and  ninety-six  of  the  Regula- 
tors assembled  together  and  marched  to  the  residence  of  the  Driscolls,  in 
South  Grove.  On  approaching  the  place,  they  discovered  a  number  of  ruf- 
fians armed  to  the  teeth,  as  if  inviting  the  attack.  When  within  a  half  a 
mile  of  the  house,  they  halted  to  complete  arrangements  for  the  assault. 
There  it  was  determined  that  one  of  the  number  should  go  forward  and  beard 
the  lion  in  his  den.  While  preparing  to  draw  lots  as  to  who  should  under- 
take this  sup])osed  death-ride,  a  young  man,  who  afterwards  became  one  o± 
Rockford's  best  known  citizens,  volunteered  to  undertake  the  mission,  and 
immediately  started.  As  he  noared  the  house,  the  door  flew  open,  and 
nearly  a  score  of  rufiians,  all  armed  M'ith  pistols,  dashed  out  and  made  for 
the  woods.  The  old  man  Driscoll  mounted  a  fast  horse  and  was  soon  beyond 
pui'suit.  One  man  remained  behind,  and  he  informed  the  two  hundred 
determined  men  that  Driscoll  had  gone  to  Sycamore  to  muster  his  forces, 
and  that  they  would  return  in  two  hours  to  fight  them.  Nothing  daunted, 
the  Regulators  dismounted  and  threw  themselves  upon  the  ground  to  await 
the  coming  of  Driscoll's  army. 

At  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  Driscoll  returned,  but  instead  of 
bringing  his  threatened  company  of  confederates  he  brought  Sherifii"  Wal- 
rodd.  Squire  Mayo,  and  the  Probate  Judge,  Lovell,  of  DeKalb  County. 
These  gentlemen  in(|uired  the  nature  of  the  strange  gathering,  in  answer  to 
which  Mr.  Cam])bell,  as  leader  of  the  citizens,  made  a  decided  and  efiective 
answer,  every  word  of  which  fell  with  powerful  force  against  Driscoll  and 
his  confederates.  He  not  only  told  why  they  were  there,  and  for  what  pur- 
pose they  had  come,  but  what  they  intended  to  do.  He  told  of  crimes  the 
Driscolls  had  committed — how  William  Driscoll  and  another  man  had 
robbed,  and  some  said  murdered,  a  peddlar  and  secreted  the  plunder  in  a 
barn,  and  that  in  a  day  or  two  afterwards  Driscoll  had  gone  in  the  dead  of 
night  and  stolen  the  goods  from  his  confederate,  thereby  "making  himself 
the  meanest  thief  on  the  face  of  God's  earth."  The  Driscolls  btood  by 
livid  with  rage,  and  gnashed  their  teeth  as  Campbell  toldiof  their  dark  deeds. 


d/^X^dM^^ 


ROCKTON 


HISTOKY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  269 

When  Campbell  had  finished,  the  three  gentlemen  from  DeKalb  who 
had  come  over  with  Driscoll  abandoned  them,  and  told  the  citizens  that  any 
time  they  needed  helj)  to  can-y  out  their  ])urpose  to  call  on  Sycamore,  from 
whence  they  could  rely  on  at  least  one  hundred  good  and  willing  men. 

The  Driscolls  were  then  notified  to  leave  the  state,  and  were  allowed  to 
name  the  day  when  they  would  depart.  They  fixed  the  time  at  twenty 
days.     Soon  after  the  citizens  dispersed  to  their  h(,)mes. 

The  Driscolls  did  not  leave  the  state,  nor  did  they  make  preparations 
to  leave.  On  the  contrary,  they  continued  m  their  evil  ways,  and  if  possi- 
ble became  bolder  and  more  defiant  than  ever.  In  less  than  ten  days  after 
the  events  narrated  above,  a  meeting  of  the  outlaws  and  desperadoes  was 
held  on  the  farm  of  a  man  named  William  Bridge,  at  Lafayette  Grove, 
where  the  murder  of  Campbell  was  planned,  and  Bridge  and  David  Driscoll 
detailed  to  the  atrocious  work.  They  were  sworn  to  waylay  Campbell,  and 
not  to  leave  him  until  he  was  a  corpse. 

Sunday,  June  27,  18il,  the  bloody  deed  was  accomplished.  Campbell 
and  his  family  had  gone  to  church,  several  miles  ^distant,  in  the  morning. 
On  their  return  in  the  afternoon,  he  stopped  at  his  barn  to  care  for  his 
horses.  This  care  discharged,  he  started  from  the  barn  towards  his  house, 
when  he  was  confronted  by  Bridge  and  Driscoll,  the  former  of  whom  asked 
him  some  question,  and  before  he  could  answer  it  Driscoll  raised  his  gun 
and  shot  him  through  the  heart,  and  Campbell  fell  to  the  earth  a  corpse. 
Their  oath  had  been  kept. 

News  of  the  nrurder  spread  like  wildfire.  Iiidignation  against  the 
Driscolls  was  aroused  to  fever  heat.  On  Monday,  the  28th,  the  remains  of 
Campbell  were  buried.  After  the  funeral,  the  excitement  and  indignation 
against  the  perpetrators  and  instigators  of  the  bloody  crime  broke  out  afresh. 
The  very  air  was  filled  with  threats  of  vengeance  against  them,  and  nothing 
but  the  lives  of  the  murderous  gang  would  pay  the  penalty.  News  of  the 
terrible  crime  had  been  carried  to  Sycamore,  Oregon  and  Eockford,  and 
help  in  the  work  of  extenuation  demanded,  and  it  was  given.  Monday 
afternoon  Ilockford  was  more  like  a  deserted  village  than  a  bustling,  busy 
little  village.  Every  man  that  could  go,  vveiit — all  determined  to  "avenge 
Campbell's  death.  The  arrest  of  William  Driscoll  was  made  by  Eockfoi-d 
men.  Men  from  Oregon,  headed  by  the  Sheriff",  had  arrested  old  man 
Driscoll  and  lodged  him  in  the  Ogle  county  jail.  Bridge  and  David  Dris- 
coll could  not  be  found.  They  had  escaped  the  vigilance  of  an  outraged 
people,  and  fled  no  one  knew  whither.  Tuesday  morning,  the  29th,  the 
Oregon  people  heard  that  the  citizens  of  Rockford  had  William  Driscoll  a 
prisoner  at  Lafayette  Grove,  and  the  old  man  was  immediately  taken  from 
the  jail,  a  rope  put  around  his  neck,  by  which  he  was  dragged  after  the  in- 
furiated ])opulace  to  the  ferry,  where  they  crossed  to  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river,  and  by  ten  o'clock  they  had  joined  the  Rockford  division  at  Wash- 
ington Grove.  By  this  time  the  crowd  had  increased  to  at  least  five  hun- 
dred men.  Three  of  the  Driscolls — the  old  man,  William  and  Pierce,  the 
latter  being  the  youngest  of  the  family — were  prisoners.  Only  the  old  man 
was  manacled.  In  the  centre  of  one  group  stood  William  Driscoll,  know- 
ing full  well  that  at  last  he  had  been  overtaken  in  his  career  of  crime,  and 
that  his  life  was  about  to  pay  the  penalty.  He  was  about  torty-five  years  of 
age,  rather  above  the  average  of  men  in  height,  hea\y  set  and  muscular, 
and  would  probably  have  tipped  the  scales  at  one  hundred  and  eighty 
pounds.     He  was  a  man  of  strong  will  and  great  endurance.     U  is  features 


270  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

were  firm  and  presented  a  peculiarly  heavy  appearance.  He  was  that  type 
of  man  that  could  face  any  ordinary  danger  without  the  least  fear,  but  here 
were  five  hundred  resolute,  determined  men  to  hold  him  to  an  account  for 
his  Miaiiifdld  crimes,  the  remembrance  of  which  at  this  moment  no  doubt 
arose  before  him  like  so  many  spectres.  Pierce,  his  younger  brother,  stood 
near  by,  and  soon  the  father,  dragged  along  by  a  rope  tied  around  his  neck, 
was  phiced  near  them.  "This  man,"  says  those  who  knew  him,  "was  a 
singular  looking  specimen  of  humanity.  He  was  upwards  of  six  feet  in 
height,  slightly  inclined  to  corpulency,  and  weighed  about  two  hundred 
pounds.  He  was  all  muscle  and  sinew,  and  every  way  one  of  the  most 
powerful  men  in  all  that  crowd  of  half  a  thousand  men.  His  face  was  the 
only  repulsive  feature  about  old  John  Driscoll,  which  was  owing  to  the  loss 
of  a  part  of  his  nose,  which  had  long  before  been  bitten  off  in  a  fight. 
His  hair  was  iron  gray  and  coarse,  his  eyebrows  heavy  and  shaggy -like,  and 
his  face  smooth."  Untrembling  and  unmoved,  he  stood  motionless  in 
the  midst  of  his  inquisitors  and  executioners. 

One  of  the  men  standing  near  by  asked  the  old  man  how  many  horses 
he  supposed  he  had  stolen  during  his  life  of  crime  and  outlawry,  to  which 
he  coolly  replied:  "I  presume  I  have  been  the  means  of  stealing  from  fifty 
to  one  hundred,"  and  as  he  thus  answered  a  momentary  smile  fiashed 
across  his  features. 

William  Driscoll  was  similarly  questioned.  He  admitted  that  at  one 
of  their  midnight  conclaves  he  had  suggested  that  Campbell  should  be 
served  as  the  gang  had  served  a  man  out  in  Iowa — killed — but  denied  all 
knowledge  of  the  murder  of  John  Campbell  on  the  Sunday  before. 

About  this  time  Law^'ers  Latimer  and. Jason  Marsh  arrived  from  Rock- 
ford,  and  they  were  made  spokesmen  for  the  party.  Old  man  Driscoll, 
carefully  guarded,  was  allowed  to  step  aside  for  consultation  with  Marsh, 
to  whom  lie  protested  that  he  was  innocent.  When  the  time  granted  for 
this  consultation  had  expired.  Marsh  announced  in  a  few  words  that  Dris- 
coll had  no  confession  to  make,  and  urged  the  crowd  not  to  be  too  hasty  in 
the  premises,  and  that  time  be  allowed  the  men  to  ])repare  for  death.  He 
also  urged  that  Pierce  Driscoll,  the  younger,  be  released,  to  wliich  the  crowd 
assented. 

Latimer,  for  the  people,  made  a  vehement  address,  saying  that  nothing 
but  blood  would  palliate  the  crimes  that  had  been  committed,  that  as  long 
as  the  gang  of  outlaws  were  permitted  fo  remain  on  the  earth,  no  commu- 
nity would  be  safe  from  their  depredations  and  crimes.  The  Driscolls,  if 
not  the  head  centers  and  authors  and  instigators  of  the  untokl  robberies  and 
murders  that  had  been  committed  in  the  country,  were  at  least  accomplices, 
and  had  shared  in  the  plunder.  He  maintained  that  the  people  were  justi- 
fied in  taking  the  course  they  had,  that  their  safety  demanded  it,  that  the 
murder  of  Campbell  must  be  avenged,  and  that  if  the  actual  murderers 
could  not  be  found,  those  who  planned  the  foul  deed  must  suffer  in  their 
stead,  and  concluded  by  urging  the  immediate  execution  of  John  Driscoll 
and  his  son,  William. 

When  Latimer  concluded  his  remarks,  the  son-in-law  of  Campbell 
moved  that  sentence  of  death  be  passed  upon  the  two  prisoners.  The  motion 
was  submitted  to  the  crowd.  Death-like  silence  prevailed,  and  the  prisoners, 
although  calm  and  motionless,  turned  deathly  pale.  When  at  last  the  silence 
was  broken,  tho  vote  was  almost  unanimous  in  favor  of  immediate  execution, 
and  the  men  were  told  to  prepare  to  die.     The  old  man  was  the  first  to  speak, 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  271 

and  turning  to  a  bj-stancler  he  said:  "If  you  are  goinc;  to  slioot  me  down, 
for  God's  sake  take  this  rope  from  my  neck,  for  it  is  choking  me."  Camp- 
bell's son-in-law  untied  it.  One  hour  was  given  them  for  ])rayer,  and  two 
ministers  who  were  present  prayed  with  the  condemned  men,  to  one  of 
whom  it  is  said  William  Driscoll  confessed  that  he  had  murdered  no  less 
than  six  men  with  his  own  hand.  He  prayed  for  forgiveness  and  became 
quite  penitent.  The  old  man  was  determined,  and  held  out  to  the  very  end 
without  uttering  the  simple  prayer,  "God  have  mercy  on  my  soul." 

The  hour  expired,  the  moment  of  execution  had  come.  One  hundred 
citizens,  armed  Avith  rifles,  were  formed  in  two  death  divisions — fifty  were  to 
fire  upon  the  old  man  and  fifty  upon  his  son  William.  The  old  man  was 
led  forth  first;  his  eyes  were  bandaged,  and  he  was  made  to  kneel  upon  the 
earth.  All  things  in  readiness,  the  word  to  fire  was  given,  and  the  old  man 
fell  to  the  earth  riddled  and  shattered  to  pieces  with  the  charges  of  ffty 
rljles. 

William  and  Pierce  Driscoll  witnessed  the  execution  of  their  father. 
William's  fate  came  next.  In  the  last  hour  abject  fear  overcame  his  former 
boldness,  and  his  hair  turned  almost  white.  In  a  semi-conscious  condition 
he  was  led  forth,  and  in  a  few  minutes  his  body  was  riddled  by  the  dis- 
charges from  the  other  fifty  rifles,  and  lay  bleeding  and  quivering  by  the 
side  of  his  father. 

Pierce  Driscoll  was  told  that  he  would  be  permitted  to  take  charge  of 
the  dead  bodies  of  his  father  and  brother,  and  that  teams  and  help  would 
be  provided  to  convey  them  home  and  prepared  for  burial,  but  the  offer  was 
declined  with  the  declaration  that  he  would  have  nothing  to  do  with  it. 
Spades  and  shovels  were  procured  and  a  rude  grave  was  dug  on  the  spot 
where  they  had  been  killed,  and  unwashed  and  uncofiined,  ghastly  and  gory, 
their  bodies  were  rolled  into  the  one  grave  together  and  covered  over. 
Three  weeks  later  their  bodies  were  taken  up  by  their  friends,  washed  and 
given  a  decent  burial. 

Unparalleled  excitement  followed  these  proceedings.  The  volunteer 
club  scoured  the  country  in  every  direction  to  find  William  Bridge  and 
David  Driscoll,  and  Bridge  barely  made  his  escape.  When  the  Regulators 
were  at  his  liouse,  he  was  hidden  in  an  excavation  underneath  it.  When 
the  Regulators  had  gone,  he  left  his  home  and  fled  from  the  State,  but  sub- 
sequently recurned,  and  was  arrested.  David  Driscoll  was  arrested  some 
years  later  and  tried  on  the  charge  of  killing  Campbell,  but  was  finally 
acipitted,  when  he  left  the  country. 

It  is  true  that  this  bloody  tragedy  was  enacted  in  an  adjoining  county, 
but  being  so  closely  allied  to  Winnebago,  and  participated  in  by  people  from 
this  county,  that  it  naturally  forms  a  part  oi  the  history  we  are  writing. 
Many  of  the  participants  became  wealthy  and  respected  citizens,  and  there 
is  no  doubt  but  what  they  honestly  and  conscientiously  believed  it  was  the 
only  means  by  which  they  could  rid  the  country  o'i  the  outlaws  that  infested 
it,  and  thereby  protect  their  lives  and  their  property.  But  this  disposition 
of  the  Driscolls  was  not  the  end. 

People  diftered  as  to  the  means  employed  to  free  the  country  of  the 
presence  of  the  desperadoes,  and  took  sides  accordingly.  Mr.  Kna]>pen, 
editor  of  the  Star^  took  strong  grounds  against  the  proceedings  in  the  Dris- 
coll case,  and  denounced  it  in  strong  language.  In  an  editorial  under  date 
of  July  1,  184:1,  Mr.  Knappen  said: 

"  A  short  time  since  we  received  through  the  post-ofiice  a  coj)y  of  the 


272  HISTORY   OF   ^VINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

proceedings  of  the  Oijle  County  Lynchers,  up  to  the  latest  date,  embracing 
the  following  resolution: 

"  Resolved,  That  the  proceedings  of  the  Volunteer  Company  be  published  in  the  Rock- 
tord  newspapers  once  a  month. 

"  Now,  be  it  kuown  to  all  the  world  that  we  have  solemnly  resolved 
that  the  proceedings  of  the  Ogle  County,  or  any  county  volunteer  lynch 
company,  cannot  be  justilied  or  encouraged  in  our  columns.  The  view  we 
take  of  the  subject  does  not  permit  us  to  approve  the  measures  and  conduct 
of  th •■  said  company.  If  two  or  three  hundred  citizens  are  to  assume  the 
administration  of  the  lynch  law  in  the  face  and  eyes  of  the  laws  of  the  land, 
we  shall  soon  have  a  fearful  state  of  things,  and  where,  we  ask,  will  it  end  if 
mob  law  is  to  supercede  the  civil  law?  If  it  is  tolerated,  no  man's  life  or 
pi'operty  is  safe;  his  neighbor,  who  may  be  more  popular  than  himself,  wnll 
possess  an  easy,  ready  way  to  be  revenged  by  misrepresentation  and  false 
accusation;  in  short,  of  what  avail  are  our  legislative  bodies  and  their  enact- 
ments? AVe  live  in  a  land  of  laws,  and  to  them  it  becomes  us  to  resort  and 
submit  for  the  punishment  and  redress  as  faithful  keepers  of  the  laws,  and 
thus  extend  to  each  other  the  protection  and  advantages  of  the  law,  and 
repulse  every  attempt  to  deprive  a  fellow  citizen  of  the  precious  privilege 
granted  in  all  civilized  countries — namely,  the  right  to  be  tried  by  an 
impartial  jury  of  twelve  good  men  of  his  county.  .  JBut,  perhaps,  it  will  be 
argued  l)y  some,  that  we  have  in  this  new  country  no  means  or  proper 
phiccs  for  securing  offenders  and  1)reakers  of  the  laws,  to  which  w'e  answer, 
then  build  tliem.  The  time  already  spent  by  three  or  four  hundred  men  in 
tliis  and  Ogle  counties,  at  three  or  four  different  times,  and  from  two  to  four 
days  at  a  time,  this  season,  would  have  built  jails  so  strong  that  no  man,  or 
dozen  men  on  earth,  deprived  of  implements  with  which  to  work,  and  con- 
fined in  them,  could  ever  escape,  and  guard  them  sufficiently  strong  by 
armed  men  outside,  to  prevent  assistance  from  rescuing  them  from  the  arm 
of  the  law.  Would  not  this  course  be  much  more  patriotic  and  creditable 
to  the  citizens  of  a  civilized  and  Christianized  country,  than  to  resort  to  the 
administration  of  mob  Uuv  by  Judge  Lynch?  Not  on  us,  gentlemen,  but 
on  your  own  heads  be  the  responsibility;  we  wash  our  hands  clear  from  the 
Blood  of  Lynch  LawP 

In  the  same  number  of  the  Star  from  which  the  above  is  quoted,  there 
appeared  two  communications — one  signed  Vox  Populi,  taking  strong 
grounds  against  the  action  of  the  Kegulators,  pronouncing  .them  a  "■Ban- 
ditti,'''' etc.-  This  writer  says:  "Banditti  like,  after  organization,  these  fiends 
in  human  shape,  commenced  traversing  the  country  for  plunder — -not,  per- 
ha])S,  valuable  goods,  but  the  liberty  and  lives  of  their  fellow  citizens! 
Every  one  who  happened  to  fall  under  the  suspicion  of  one  or  more  of  this 
gang,  was  at  once  brc)ught  before  their  self-constituted  tribunal,  where  there 
was  no  difficulty  in  procuring  testimony  for  convicting  him  of  any  crime 
named,  when  he  was  sentenced,  and  men  appointed  to  inflict  the  adjudged 
punishment,  which,  in  the  embiyo  existence  of  the  'Clan,'  generally  con- 
sisted in  giving  the  culprit  from  twenty  to  three  hundred  lashes  well  laid  on. 
*  *  *  No  one  pretends  that  John  and  William  Driscoll  had 
committed  murder,  nor  can  they  say  that  they  merited  the  punishment  they 
received,  even  had  they  been  found  guilty  "by  an  impartial  jury  of  their 
country  of  the  crime  alleged  by  the  mob.  No:  had  unimpeachable  testi- 
mony been  brought  to  prove  them  guilty  of  that  for  which   circumstantial 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  2Y3 

evidence  was  liorribl)^  distorted  to  convict  them,  the  penalty  would  have 
been  hut  three  to  five  years  imprisonment  in  the  penitentiary."  Tliis  cor- 
respondent also  says  that  "some  three  weeks  since  [before  the  date  of  his 
letter],  John  DriscoU  was  arrested  for  some  misdemeanor,  by  the  'Lynchino- 
Club,'  and  after  being  threatened  with  whipping  and  death  unless  he 
revealed  the  names  of  the  horse-thieves  and  counterfeiters  belonging  to  the 
tribe,  consented  to  give  the  names  of  certain  persons  suspected  by  him, 
intimating  at  the  same  time  that  some  of  the  members  of  the  club  then 
present  would  curse  the  day  that'  the  disclosures  had  been  extorted.  An 
almost  unanimous  cry  for  his  release  was  raised,  and  he  was  set  at  libertv! 
And  has  it  come  to  this,  that  in  a  land  of  civilization  and  Christianity, 
blessed  with  as  wholesome  a  code  of  laws  as  man's  ingenuity  ever  invented, 
a  few  desperadoes  shall  rise  up  and  inflict  all  manner  of  punishment,  even 
DEATH,  upon  whomsoever  they  please?  Shall  all  Civil  Law  be  sacriflced  and 
trampled  in  the  dust  at  the  shrine  of  Mobycracy?  Shall  the  life  and  prop- 
erty of  no  one  receive  any  protection  from  the  civil  law,  but  both  be  sub- 
ject to  the  nod  of  an  inconsiderate  and  uncontrollable  mob:'  Shall  these 
things  he  so?  Or  will  the  people  rise  en  masse,  and  assert  the  laws  of  the 
land,  and  enforce  the  same  against  the  murderers  and  lynchers?  The  latter 
course  is  certainly  pointed  out  by  justice,  and  I  trust  in  God  that  justice 
will  be  meted  out  to  all  who  have  had  a  hand  in  this  bloody  business." 

The  second  communication  to  which  reference  was  made  above,  was 
signed  "B,"  bore  date  July  1,  1841,  and  sustained  the  action  of  the  Eegu- 
lators.  It  was  generally  credited  to  Mr.  Latimer,  the  attorney,  who  made 
such  a  violent  address  on  the  occasion  of  the  killing  of  the  Driscolls.  He 
subsequently  removed  to  Lancaster,  Grant  County,  Wisconsin,  where  he 
was  killed  in  a  street  fight  wdth  a  gambler. 

The  Star  editorial  already  quoted,  and  the  communication  of  Vox 
Populi,  only  maddened  the  Regulators  the  more,  and  a  few  nights  after  the 
paper  was  issued  containing  these  articles,  the  office  was  entered  by  unknown 
parties  and  the  type  in  forms  and  cases  "pied" — that  is,  turned  out  on  the 
floor  promiscuously,  and  the  entire  office  reduced  to  a  pile  of  ruins.  Knap- 
pen's  hopes  were  blasted,  and  he  shortly  sold  the  wreck  to  John  A.  Brown, 
who  rescued  the  material  from  confusion,  and  the  publication  of  a  paper 
called  the  Pilot  commenced.  But  murders,  and  robberies  and  kindred 
crimes  did  not  stop  with  the  killing  of  the  Driscolls  and  the  sacking  of  the 
Star  oflice.  Outrages  continued,  and  the  people  came  to  live  in  almost 
uninterrupted  fear  and  alarm.  ISTo  horse  owner  knew  at  what  hour  his 
stables  would  be  plundered  or  himself  murdered.  Without  entering  into 
a  detailed  specification  of  the  repeated  outrages,  robberies,  etc.,  we  will 
enumerate  a  few  of  the  boldest  in  the  order  of  their  occurrence: 

On  the  night  of  the  18th  of  September,  1843,  the  store  of  William 
McKinney,  in  liockford,  was  entered  and  plundered  of  a  trunk  containing 
between  $700  and  $800.  A  brother  of  McKinney  was  sleeping  in  the 
store,  but  was  awakened  by  the  noise  made  by  the  midnitdit  prowlers,  and 
attempting  to  oppose  the  robber,  who  called  him  by  name,  he  was  awed  into 
silence  and  non-resistance  by  a  knife  that  was  placed  against  his  breast,  the 
thief  remarking  that  he  "must  have  the  trunk  containing  the  money,  as  he 
could  not  afford  to  run  such  risks  for  nothing."  He  got  the  trunk  and 
escaped,  and  eluded  capture. 

Scarcely  had  the  excitement  created  by  this  bold  robbery  died  away, 
when  the  community  was  again  startled  by  the  perpetration  of  a  bolder  one 


274  HISTOKY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

Still.  This  rol)bery  was  committed  on  one  of  Frink,  Walker  &  Co.'s  four- 
horse  mail  coaches,  about  four  miles  out  from  Kockford  towards  Chicago, 
while,  as  it  is  stated,  the  coach  was  actually  in  motion  and  full  of  passen- 
gers, l)ut  wag  not  discovered  until  the  coach  arrived  at  Newbergh.  The 
following  morning  the  trunks  and  baggage  were  found  a  few  rods  from  the 
road,  broken  open  and  rifled  of  all  their  valuables.  A  newspaper  published 
here  at  the  time,  in  speaking  of  this  robbery  said:  "What  renders  these 
transactions  still  more  exciting,  is  the  fact  that  they  are  committed  by  those 
who  are  perfect  scholars  in  the  business  movements  of  the  town."  'No  im- 
mediate clue  to  this  last  bold  robbery  was  obtained. 

This  stage  robbery  was  followed  a  few  weeks  later  by  another  one  fully 
as  daring.  In  this  instance  the  house  of  William  Mulford,  in  Guilford 
township,  was  entered  in  the  night  time,  and'while  a  party  of  the  gang  stood 
guard  over  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mulford,  who  had  gone  to  l)ed,  the  others  ran- 
sacked the  house,  and  found  about  $400,  which  they  carried  away.  It  hud 
])een  rumored  that  Mulford  had  received  some  $15,000  from  New  York  a 
short  time  before,  and  this  rumor  had  reached  the  ears  of  the  gang.  But 
luckily,  if  such  sum  Had  been  received,  it  was  so  carefully  secreted  as 
to  be  beyond  discovery  by  the  robbers.  The  alarm  was  given  next  morn- 
ing, and  although  the  country  was  hunted  over  for  miles,  not  a  track  of  the 
desperadoes  could  be  found,  and  in  a  short  time  this  robbery  was  almost 
forgotten  in  the  series  of  depredations  that  followed — all  so  perfectl}^ 
planned  and  carried  out,  that  detection  and  discovery  seemed  impossible. 
But  argus-eyed  Nemesis  was  on  their  track. 

The  killing  of  the  Driscolls  was  one  step  made  towards  ridding  the 
country  from  desperadoes.  But  many  other  steps  were  necessary  before 
the  work  would  be  fully  completed.  In  the  early  part  of  the  summer 
of  1845,  Charles  West,  of  the  firm  of  Bliss,  Dewey,  West  &  Co., 
of  whom  mention  has-  heretofore  been  made,  became  oiFended  at  the 
gang.  Taking  advantage  of  this  circumstance,  certain  respectable  people  in 
the  immediate  neighborhood  of  the  Bliss  and  Dewey  rendezvous,  succeeded 
in  prevailing  upcjn  West  to  reveal  the  names  of  the  gang  that  had  been 
operating  through  this  part  of  the  country,  and  a  number  of  them  were  soon 
afterwards  arrested.  '  Among  some  of  the  most  prominent  and  active  mem- 
bers of  the  gang  were:  Chas.  Oliver,  Jr.,  and  Wm.  McDowell,  of  Kockford; 
Sutton,  alias  Fox,  Birch,  the  "boss"  thief  of  the  gang,  and  who  was  known 
from  one  end  of  the  Mississippi  and  Missouri  rivers  to  the  other  by  the 
several  aliases  of  Harris,  Haynes  and  Brown;  Bridge,  Davis,  Thomas  Aiken, 
and  Baker.  Besides,  there  were  a  number  of  others  whose  names  are  for- 
forgotten.  Among  other  revelations  made  by  West,  was  the  plan,  as  well  as 
the  names  of  the  parties,  who  robbed  McKinney's  store,  in  Kockford,  and 
Mulford';-'  in  Guilford.  Oliver,  the  man  who  came  near  being  elected  to 
the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace,  in  Kockford,  (a  fact  already  mentioned), 
was  the  local  director  and  manager  of  the  gang.  He  planned  the  Mulford 
robbery,  and  shared  the  plunder.  McDowell,  a  carpenter,  was  one  of  the 
parties  that  actively  participated  in  that  robbery.  On  the  strength  of 
West's  testimony,  Oliver  and  McDowell  were  indicted  by  a  night  session  of 
the  grand  jury,  in  June,  1843.  The  sheriff  at  that  particular  time  was 
absent.  There  was  no  deputy,  and  the  coroner,  next  in  authority  to  the 
sheriff,  was  the  father-in.law  of  McDowell.  This  fact  rendered  him  an  un- 
safe person  to  be  entrusted  with  the  arrest  of  Oliver  and  McDowell.  Under 
the  law  in  those  days,  two  justices  of  the  peace  could  appoint  an  officer  to 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  275 

act  in  cases  of  emergency  where  there  was  no  sheriff,  or  in  the  absence  of 
that  officer;  and  acting  under  tliis  law,  Channcy  Burton  and  Willard 
Wheeler,  justices  of  the  peace  at  that  time,  were  called  up  out  of  bed,  and 
Mr.  Goodyear  A.  Sandford,  the  hist  preceding  slieriff,  appointed  to  arrest 
Oliver  and  McDoweU.  By  this  time,  the  night  was  well  nigh  gone,  and  as 
the  affair  had  been  kept  perfectly  quiet,  their  arrest  was  deferred  till  the 
next  day,  when  Mr.  Sanford  took  them  into  custody  without  difficulty.  At 
the  same  time.  Bridge,  implicated  in  the  killing  of  Campbell,  who  had  re- 
turned to  Ogle  County,  was  also  arrested  and  brought  up  to  the  Winnebago 
jail.  The  news  of  the  arrest  of  Oliver,  McDowell  and  Bridge  rekindled  the 
old  embers  of  excitement,  and  it  was  determined  that  no  bail  ought  to  be 
offered  or  accepted  for  the  release  of  these  parties,  but  that  they  should  be 
held  in  close  custody  until  they  could  be  tried  in  the  Circuit  Court.  The 
murder  of  Colonel  Davenport  a  month  later,  July  4,1845,  added  fresh  fury 
to  the  excitement  of  the  people,  and  it  is  a  matter  of  remark  that  the  same 
fate  was  not  meted  to  the  parties  under  arrest,  that  had  been  meted  out  to 
the  Driscolls;  for  the  finger  of  suspicion  unerringly  pointed  to  Birch  and 
Sutton,  alias  Fox  and  Davis,  members  of  the  gang,  as  his  murderers,  but 
better  counsels  prevailed,  and  they  were  left  to  the  courts. 

The  trial  of  Oliver  came  on  August  26,  1845.  Among  Other  revela- 
tions, West  had  stated  that  Oliver  had  planned  the  robbery  of  Mulford,  and 
that  although  he  was  not  present  when  the  crime  was  perpetrated,  he  had 
received  a  share  of  the  stolen  money.  This  money  he  exchanged  for  stolen 
horses.  Oliver  and  McDowell  had  confided  the  secrets  of  the  Mulford  rob- 
bery to  a  man  named  Irving  A.  Stearns,  to  whom  Oliver  had  offered  some 
of  the  Mulford  money  in  exchange  for  a  horse.  Subsequently  Stearns  went 
to  Michigan,  where,  for  some  crime,  he  was  arrested,  tried,  convicted  and 
sentenced  to  the  penitentiary,  facts  which  the  reader  will  please  bear 
in  mind. 

The  trial  of  Oliver  excited  the  people  of  Winnebago  County  as  they 
had  never  been  excited  before,  and  as  they  have  seldom  been  excited  since. 
When  the  case  came  on,  the  court  house  was  crowded  to  its  utmost  capacity, 
Thomas  C.  Browne  was  presiding  judge  of  the  district  at  that  time.  Jas. 
L.  Loop  was  district  attorney,  and  was  assisted  in  the  prosecution  by  nearly 
the  entire  legal  profession  of'Rockford — Jason  Marsh,  James  M.  Wright, 
Anson  S.  and  Cyrus  F.  Miller  and  Thos.  D.  Bobertson.  The  prisoner  was 
represented  by  M.  P.  Sweet,  of  Freeport,  and  M.  T.  Johnson,  of  Galena. 
Oliver  was  bold  and  defiant.  The  robbery  of  Mulford  had  been  so  carefully 
planned  and  secretly  managed  that  he  felt  sure  of  acquittal.  The  only  wit- 
ness to  be  feared  was  Stearns,  and  he  imagined  himself  secure  from  his  tes- 
timony by  reason  of  his  imprisonment  in  the  Michigan  penitentiarj'-,  never 
suspecting  that  measures  had  been  taken  to  secure  his  pardon,  ])resence  and 
appearance  in  court  as  a  witness  against  him.  But  Jason  Marsh,  who.  from 
the  time  of  the  Mulford  robbery,  had  been  actively  engaged  in  working  up 
the  case  and  ferreting  out  the  robbers,  had  accomplished  this  important  end, 
and  had  Stearns  in  Rockford  when  the  court  came  on — a  fact  unknown  to 
the  prisoner  until  Stearns,  when  his  name  was  called  with  that  of  other  wit- 
nesses— G.  A.  Sandford,  Jas.  B.  Martyn,  C.  II.  Spafibrd,  Anson  Barnum, 
D.  Howell,  Dr.  Searle,  A.  Eice  and  others — appeared  at  the  clerk's  desk  to 
be  sworn.  The  testimony  of  Stearns  was  so  direct  and  conclusive  that  the 
cross  examination  failed  to  weaken  it  in  the  least,  and  Oliver  was  sentenced 
to  the  penitentiary  for  eight  years.     At  the  end  of  five  years,  he  was  par- 


276  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

doned  out  and  rejoined  his  wife  and  family  in  New  York.  A  few  years 
later,  he  visited  Rockford  and  mingled  qnite  freely  with  the  people  among 
whom  lie  had  once  been  so  popular,  and  to  some  of  whom  he  explained  why 
the  gang  had  not  robbed  more  of  them.  To  Goodyear  A.  Sandford  he 
said:  "The  buys  often  wanted  to  go  for  you  (as  county  treasurer),  but  I 
wouldn't  let  them,  because  you  was  such  a  clever  fellow."  McDowell  was 
convicted  a  little  later  in  the  course  of  time,  and  was  also  sentenced  for 
eight  years,  but,  like  his  old  leader  in  crime,  was  jiardoned  at  the  end  of 
five  years  and  went  to  work  as  a  carpenter  at  Alton,  where  he  so  conducted 
himself  as  to  win  the  respect  of  the  people,  and  where  he  was  still  living  at 
last  accounts.  Bridge  took  a  change  of  venue  to  Ogle  County,  where  he 
was  also  convicted  and  sentenced  to  the  penitentiary.  After  his  release,  he 
went  to  Iowa,  where,  reports  say,  he  fell  into  his  old  vices  and  was  finally 
killed  by  -i  sheritf,  whom  he  was  resisting.  Mr.  Loop,  the  prosecuting 
attorney,  was  a  young  man,  and  his  management  of  the  case  for  the  people 
is  still  highly  praised,  and  a  bright  and  honorable  career  as  an  attorney  was 
predicted  for  him,  but  he  lived  only  a  few  years  to  enjoy  the  fame  he  earned 
oil  that  occasion.  Of  Mr.  Marsh  it  was  said,  "fees  large  and  liberal  might 
have  been  his  to  defend  Oliver  and  McDowell,  both  of  whom  had  accumu- 
lated considerable  means,  and  whose  counsel  he  had  previously  been,  but 
he  chose  rather  to  lend  his  ability  and  legal  knowledge  towards  freeing  the 
country  from  the  presence  of  the  desperadoes  and  outlaws  that  had  so  long 
infested  it."  And  his  efforts  in  that  direction  were  not  without  reward. 
The  conviction  of  Oliver  and  McDowell  in  the  Winnebago  court,  and  the 
arrest  and  conviction,  and  in  some  cases,  the  execution,  of  the  other  mem- 
bers of  the  gang,  either  frightened  their  unarrested  associates  in  crime  out 
of  the  country    or  turned  them  from  their  evil  ways. 

Of  Thomas  D.  Robertson,  another  of  the  Rockford  lawyers  who  assisted 
in  the  prosecution,  it  is  said  that  "though  young  in  years  and  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession,  he  acquitted  himself  admirably,  fully  sustaining  the  hopes 
of  his  friends."     He  is  now  the  president  of  the  Winnebago  JSTational  Bank. 

The  jury  before  whom  Oliver  was  tried  was  composed  of  the  following 
named  gentlemen'  Giles  Maybee,  Asa  Farnsworth,  E.  C.  Tracy,  Calvin 
Haskell,  Edward  Bradley,  Asa  Crosby,  Joshua  Heath,  Jr.,  Albert  Tuttle, 
Phineas  Howes,  Harvey  Higl)ee,  Geo.  Dixon  andAndrus  Corbin.  Of  these 
jurors,  all  are  dead  but  Mr.  Howes,  who  still  lives  in  Rockford. 

FIEST   COUNTY   BUILDINGS,    ETC. 

For  the  first  two  or  three  years  either  Haight's  private  residence  or 
the  Rockfurd  House  served  as  a  court  house  or  for  the  sessions  of  the 
county  commissioncis,  etc.  Then  came  the  building  of  a  frame  house  for 
the  use  of  the  county,  schools,  churches,  and  public  meetings,  and  such  other 
occasions  as  the  occurrences  of  the  time  demanded.  For  the  first  five  years 
these  buildings  answered  very  cleverly  for  the  many  uses  to  which  they 
were  applied,  but  the  rapid  increase  of  population  and  public  business 
demanded  something  better  and  more  commodious. 

In  April,  1843,  Daniel  S.  Ilaight,  E.  Hubbell,  Potter  Hollis,  H.  Holmes, 
Loanii  Peake,  Daniel  Howell  and  John  A.  Brown,  all  of  the  East  Side, 
made  propositions  to  the  county  commissioners  to  build  a  court  house  and 
jail,  to  cost  four  thousand  dollars.  Some  preliminary  arrangements  were 
considered,  and  the  site  for  the  court  house  and  jail  selected,  but  some  com- 
plications arose  that  interfered  and  prevented  the  proposition  from  being 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  279 

consummated.  At  a  special  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Commissioners  held  on 
the  22d  of  April,  1843,  C.  I.  Ilorsman,  for  himself  and  others,  presented 
rhe  following  proposition: 

"That  the  undersigned  citizens  of  Kockford  agree  to  erect  such  build- 
ings as  the  county  commissioners  shall  direct,  and  according  to  such  plan 
and  finish  as  the  commissioners  shall  furnish  for  a  court  house,  county- 
offices  and  jail,  the  said  buildings  to  be  commenced  before  the  lirst  day  of 
June  next,  and  the  jail  to  be  linished  before  the  first  day  of  January,  1844. 
The  remainder  of  the  said  building  or  buildings  to  be  linished  bv  the  first 
day  of  January,  1844,  and  to  perfect  and  convey  to  the  county  a  good  title 
to  the  land  on  which  the  same  buildings  shall  stand,  to  the  amount  of  two 
and  a  half  acres.  Provided:  The  commissioners  select  the  site  of  the 
buildings  on  the  west  side  of  Rock  River,  and  to  give  satisfactory  security 
to  be  filed  with  the  county  clerk  as  soon  as  the  commissioners  accept  the 
proposition.  Signed,  George  Haskell,  Charles  I.  Horsman,  H.  W.  Loomis, 
M.  Burrows,  Charles  Hall,  Thomas  D.  Robertson,  Geo.  W.  Dewej^,  David 
D.  Ailing,  H.  R.  Maynard,  Alden  Thomas,  S.  Skinner,  Geo.  Barrows,  John 
Fisher,  D.  Harper,  D.  Dow." 

This  proposition  was  accepted,  and  entering  into  bond  in  the  sum  of 
$20,000  for  the  faithful  performance  of  their  undertaking,  Messrs.  Has- 
kell, Horsman,  and  their  associates  were  paid  ten  dollars  by  the  commis- 
sioners to  "bind  the  bargain,"  and  the  contract  to  build  the  court  house 
was  let. 

The  site  selected  for  the  county  buildings  is  that  now  occupied.  The 
undertaking  was  completed  in  good  faith,  as  specified  in  the  proposition. 
The  jail  served  its  purpose  until  1873,  when  it  gave  place  to  the  present 
structure,  and  the  court  house  for  just  thirty-three  years,  but  at  last  the 
primitive  structure,jwhich  bears  the  date  of  "1492,"  is  overshadowed  by 
the  walls  of  one  of  the  grandest  county  buildings  in  the  state.  Its  style  of 
architecture  is  known  as  the  French  Venetian  with  American  treatment. 
But  of  this  magnificent  structure,  and  the  terrible  catastrophe  attending  its 
erection,  more  anon.  The  stone  building  in  which  the  county  records  are 
kept  and  business  transacted  was  built  in  1851. 

The  ancient  date  borne  by  the  old  court  house — 1492 — is  the  work  of 
one  of  Rockford's  wags,  and  had  its  origin  in  this:  The  completion  of  the 
Rockford  Central  Railroad,  running  from  Rockford  to  Rochelle,  was  signal- 
ized by  a  railroad  jubilee — that  is  to  say,  the  people  of  Rockford  extended 
an  invitation  to  "all  the  world  and  the  rest  of  mankind"  to  come  and  see 
them  on  that  occasion.  Ample  preparations  were  made  to  entertain  their 
guests.  The  city  put  on  its  best.  Public  and  private  buildings  were  hand- 
somely decorated — all  but  the  old  court  house.  Frank  Peats  was  the 
Sheritf,  and  by  virtue  of  his  office  had  charge  of  the  public  buildings. 
Some  inquiries  were  made  why  the  local  temple  of  justice  was  not  deco- 
rated, and  Sheriff  Peats  was  reminded  of  his  duty  as  a  public  officer — that 
as  it  was  to  be  a  gala  day  he  should  not  neglect  the  opportunity  or  the 
occasion  to  dress  up  the  court  house  in  a  style  becoming  the  spirit  and 
pride  of  the  people  of  Winnebago  County.  "Enough  said."  ^y  trade, 
the  Sheriff  was  a  painter,  and  procuring  a  pot,  brush  and  ladder,  he  erected 
the  latter  against  the  front  of  the  old  temple,  and  painted  in  large  black 
figures  "1492,"  representing  the  year  in  which  Christopher  Columbus  dis- 
covered America.  This  inscription  has  never  been  erased.  It  has  been  the 
subject  of  many  a  hearty  laugh  to  some,  and  of  indignation  to  others.     To 

16 


280  HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

one  man  in  particular,  in  middle  life,  in  good  circumstances,  was  it  a  snb- 
ject  of  annoyance,  to  say  the  least.  Some  of  his  friends  from  the  East  had 
come  to  visit  him,  and.  as  in  duty  bound,  he  was  sho\ving  them  aronnd 
Kockford.  During  their  perambulations,  they  passed  in  front  of  the  court 
house.  His  eyes  caught  the  inscription — 1492.  He  suddenly  stopped,  and 
looked.  "AYliy,"'  said  he,  when  he  recovered  himself  sufficiently  to  find 
his  voice,  "what  is  that?  What  does  it  mean?  1492?  That's  the  year 
Columbus  discovered  America.  That's  outrageously  sacriligious.  I  was 
christened  in  that  building."  And  such  was  the  fact,  and  he  has  not  gotten 
over  it  yet — we  don't  mean  the  christening,  but  the  knowledge  of  the  fact 
that  a  sacriligious  hand  held  so  defamed  the  Winnebago  court  house. 

ANTE-WAR   RECORDS. 

Turning  again  to  the  old  records  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court, 
we  come  to  a  document  that  is  not  without  interest,  particularly  so  as  it 
will  carry  the  mind  of  the  reader  back  to  ante-war  times — to  the  time  when 
human  beings  were  bought  and  sold  like  cattle — when  husbands  and  fathers 
were  torn  from  wives  and  children,  manacled  and  driven  wherever  it  pleased 
the  speculator  in  human  flesh — wHen  children  were  sold  from  parents,  and 
the  separation  made  as  final  and  irrevocable,  and  more  terrible  in  torture, 
than  if  death,  the  king  of  terrors,  had  come  and  taken  them  away.  But  we 
need  not  dwell  on  this  poisonous  plague  that  once  ruled  in  triumph  over 
one  part  of  our  common  country,  for,  at  last,  outraged  humanity  and 
civilization  could  endure  it  no  longer,  and  it  was  washed  out  in  blood. 

Germanicus  Kent  was  born  in  Connecticut.  When  quite  a  young  man 
he  went  to  Virginia,  where  he  remained  some  years,  and  then  removed  to 
Alabama.  In  those  states  he  made  the  workings  and  influences  of  slavery 
an  especial  study.  In  Alabama  he  became  associated  in  a  business  way 
with  Jarmes  G.  Birney,  the  first  candidate  ever  nominated  to  the  presidency 
by  the  Abolition  Party.  Associated  together  for  a  number  of  years, 
Messrs.  Birney  and  Kent  had  ample  opportunities  for  investigation  and 
interchange  of  opinions  on  the  one  subject — slavery — that  was  not  only 
uppermost  in  their  minds,  but  afiecting  and  poisoning  almost  every  com- 
mercial, social  and  political  interest  of  the  country,  and  they  determined  to 
quit  the  section  that  fostered  and  protected  it  the  first  favorable  opportunity 
that  offered  for  disposing  of  their  business  interests.  The  time  came;  their 
property  was  disposed  of,  and  they  struck  out  for  the  north — the  home  of 
the  free — Mr.  Birney  went  to  Ohio,  and  Mr.  Kent,  as  already  known,  coming 
to  Illinois  and  Winnebago  County. 

During  the  years  that  Mr.  Kent  lived  in  Alabama,  he  had  become 
the  owner,  by  purchase,  of  a  colored  boy  named  Lewis  Lemon,  for  to  be 
without  the  ownership  of  a  slave  in  any  of  the  Southern  States  in  those  days 
was  to  ostracise  one's  self  from  business  and  social  recognition.  Mr.  Kent 
bought  Lewis,  when  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age,  from  Ori-is  D.  Lemon, 
a  slave  dealer,  to  whom  he  paid  $450  in  gold.  According  to  the  statement 
of  Lewis,  he  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  but  had  been  sold  from  time  to 
time,  until  he  passed  into  the  ownership  of  Lemon  and  then  to  Kent. 
When  the  latter  concluded  to  come  to  Illinois,  Lewis  chose  between  coming 
along  and  buying  his  freedom  from  Mr.  Kent,  and  being  sold  again  into 
the  hands  of  southern  slave  speculators.  At  St.  Louis,  in  1834,  while  they 
were  en  route  to  Galena,  Mr.  Kent  and  Lewis  entered  into  an  agreement  as 
to  the  price  which  the  latter  was  to  pay  for   himself  in   work   at  $15   per 


J 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  281 

month,  the  stipulated  price  being  $800,  bearing  ten  per  cent,  interest — time, 
six  years  and  seven  months.  Both  parties  religiously  kept  the  faith  of  the 
agreement,  and  in  four  years  and  four  nujuths,  Lewis  worked  his  way  into 
freedom  and  independence.  At  the  March  meeting,  1842,  of  the  County 
Commissioners'  Court,  the  following  document,  relating  to  this  transaction, 
was  entered  of  record: 

Be  it  remembered  that  at  the  present  term,  March,  A.  D.  1842,  of  the  County  of  Winne- 
bago, State  of  Illinois,  Lewis  Lemon,  a  free  man  of  color,  presented  the  evidence  of  his 
being  a  free  man  by  the  following  writing  of  Uermanicus  Kent,  of  said  county,  which  being 
duly  acknowledged  by  him,  is  ordered  to  be  filed  and  entered  on  record : 

To  all  to  whom  these  presents  shall  come,  Gkeetino  :  That,  Avhereas  the  undersigned,  Ger- 
mauicus  Kent,  of  Rockford,  Illinois,  did,  in  the  year  A.  D.  132!),  being  then  a  resident  of 
the  State  of  Alabama,  purchase  of  Orrin  D.  Lemon,  since  deceased,  a  colored  boy  named 
Lewis,  then  about  seventeen  years  of  age,  as  a  slave  for  life;  and  whereas,  upon  the  removal 
of  the  undersigned  from  said  State  of  Alabama,  to  said  State  of  Illinois;  now  this  is  to  cer- 
tify that  said  Lewis  by  my  removmg  him  to  said  State  of  Illinois,  and  his  residence  there 
ever  since,  did  become  free  and  emancipated  from  all  services  due  to  me  as  a  slave,  and  that  lie 
is,  and  by  right  ought  to  be,  free  forever  hereafter.  And  this  is  to  further  certify  that  said 
Lewis  was  born  a  slave  of  said  Orrin  D.  Lemon,  then  residing  in  Wake  County  (N.  C.)  from 
whence  he  removed  to  Madison  County,  Alabama,  where  I  purchased  said  Lewis  of  him. 
The  said  Lewis  is  aged  about twenty.seven  years;  in  person  he  is  five  feet,  eight  inches  high, 
well  built,  rather  stout,  and  weighs  about  one  hundred  and  seventy  pounds;  his  features 
are  good,  dark  yellow  complexion,  open  and  frank  countenance,  mouth  prominent  and 
large  lips. 

In  witness  wiiereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal  at  Rockford,  Illinois,  this 
sixth  day  of  September,  A.  D.  1839. 

[Seal.]  Germanicus  Kent. 

In  presence  of  W.  E.  Dunbar  and  William  Hulin. 

.  State  of  Illinois,  Winnebago  County,  ss:  This  day  before  me,  Selden  M.  Church, 
Clerk  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court  of  the  said  County,  came  Germanicus  Kent, 
known  to  me  to  be  the  real  person  described  in,  and  who  executed  the  within  instrument  of 
writing,  and  acknowledged  that  he  executed  the  same  for  the  uses  and  purposes  therein 
expressed. 

Given  under  my  hand  and  prirate  seal  (there  being  no  official  seal  provided),  at  Rock- 
ford,  this  11th  day  of  March,  A.  D.  1842. 

[Seal.]  Selden  M.  Church,    ' 

Clerk  County  Gomviissioners'  Court,  Winnebago  Co. 

And  it  further  appearing  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  said  Court,  that  said  Lewis  Lemon 
has  resided  in  the  State  of  Illinois  as  a  man  of  color  since  the  month  of  August,  A.  D.  1884, 
and  that  he  has  demeaned  himself  as  a  sober  and  honest  person,  this  Court  doth  therefore 
order  that  the  clerk  ot  the  Court  shall  certify  under  the  seal  of  the  Court  the  facts  aforesaid, 
and  that  said  Lewis  Lemon  is  a  free  person  of  color,  entitled  to  all  rights  and  immunities 
as  such. 

Thus  was  Lewis  Lemon  made  an  independent  man.  It  is  the  only 
document  of  record  to  remind  the  people  of  the  county  of  the  former 
existence  of  slavery,  and  that  one  of  its  victims  here  found  freedom  and  a 
home.  In  August,  1877,  Lewis  Lemon,  at  the  age  of  about  sixty-five 
years,  ended  his  earthly  pilgrimage,  and  was  called  to  meet  his  kindred  who 
had  gone  before  him  to  the  land  of  the  leal. 

PLANK    KOADS KIVER   IMPROVEMENTS RAILROADS. 

Ten  years  in  the  passage  of  time  marks  wonderful  changes  and  improve- 
ments in  any  country — among  any  people.  But  in  no  country,  among  no 
people,  perhaps,  did  that  period  of  time  bring  greater  changes  than  to  the 
country  of  the  Winnebagoes  and  the  Winnebago  people.  In  the  early  sum- 
mer of  1835,  every  soul  living  in  the  county  could  have  been  comfortably 
seated  in  a  12x11  cabin.  Ten  years  later  settlements  had  reached  to  all 
parts  of  the  county.  The  wild  prairies  of  a  decade  before  had  been  reduced 
to  cultivation  and  remunerative  tillage.     Foundations  for  competence  and 


282  HISTOKT    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

independence  had  been  laid,  and  were  being  successfully  carried  out.  A 
large  surplus  of  farm  produce  was  being  raised  for  which  a  market  abroad 
must  be  found.  There  was  little  demand  at  home — almost  everybody  raised 
enough  and  to  spare.  Hitherto  the  only  means  of  transportation  was  by  ox 
or  horse  teams;  the  only  means  of  travel  by  lumbering  four-horse  stage 
coaches.  Something  else,  something  faster  and  something  better  was  de- 
manded, and  the  people  began  to  think  and  plan.  A  plank  road  between 
Rockford  and  Chicago  had  been  discussed.  An  estimate  on  the  probable 
cost  per  mile  had  been  made,  and  was  set  down  at  $3,860.37,  or  an  aggre- 
gate of  $312,731.29.  A  convention  had  also  been  held  at  Sterling  to  con- 
sider the  improvement  of  Rock  River  so  as  to  make  it  navagable.  In  1843 
a  survey  was  made  between  Joliet  and  Aurora  to  determine  if  it  were  pos- 
sible to  supply  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal  from  Fox  River.  The  re- 
port of  the  surveyors  and  engineers  was  highly  favorable  to  the  scheme. 
The  bed  of  the  Fox  River  at  Aurora  was  found  to  be  forty  feet  higher  than 
the  summit  level  of  the  canal,  and  the  report  set  the  people  of  the  Rock 
River  valley,  especially  in  the  vicinity  of  Rockford,  all  agog. 

"Indeed,"  said  the  report,  "there  are  but  two  places  on  the  whole  line 
that  would  require  anything  like  heavy  excavation.  The  deepest  cut  is 
about  fifteen  feet,  and  the  distance  about  twenty  rods.  The  maximum  cost 
of  a  feeder  with  a  tow  path,  and  to  answer  all  purposes  of  navigation,  is 
estimated  at  $200,000.  *  *  *  Should  the  plan  be  carried  out,  but  one 
further  step  remains  to  be  taken.  If  a  favorable  route  can  be  found,  the 
work  will  be  extended  from  Aurora  to  Rockford.  The  interest  of  the  com- 
pany demands  it — the  city  of  Chicago,  the  farmers  of  Rock  River,  the 
mineral  region  of  Wisconsin,  and  the  people  of  the  state,  all  have  an  inter- 
est in  the  undertaking."  This  undertaking  was  discussed  for  a  time,  but 
like  the  plank  road  and  kindred  schemes  was  finally  abandoned.  At  last, 
in  1845,  the  people  settled  down  to  the  consideration  of  railroad  enter- 
prises, and  on  the  28th  of  November  of  that  year  the  initiatory  meeting  was 
held  to  devdse  ways  and  means  to  interest  the  people  in  the  building  of  a 
railroad  leading  to  Chicago.  Anson  S.  Miller  was  chairman,  and  Selden  M. 
Church,  secretary,  and  Hon.  M.  P.  Sweet  addressed  the  meeting.  The  fol- 
lowing resolutions  were  adopted: 

Hesohcd,  That  those  counties  interested  in  the  construction  of  a  railroad  from  Galena 
to  Chicago  be  recommended  to  meet  in  convention  at  Rockfock  for  the  purpose  of  taking 
measures  for  constructing  said  road  at  the  earliest  possible  period. 

Resolved,  That  said  convention  meet  at  the  court  house  in  Kockford,  January  7,  1846. 

Jason  Marsh,  T.  D.  Robertson  and  William  Hulin  were  appointed  a 
committee  of  correspondence  to  carry  out  the  spirit  of  the  meeting;  and 
Horace  Miller,  A.  C.  Gleason,  Reuben  Barrett,  Harvey  Gregory,  Robert  J. 
Cross,  Asa  Farnsworth,  Stephen  Mack,  Thomas  R.  Talcott,  Simon  Petti- 
bone,  Guy  Hulett,  Snyder  J .  Fletcher,  Alonzo  Hall,  Daniel  Baker,  E.  S. 
Cable,  Harvey  Woodruff,  Joseph  Manchester,  George  Haskell,  Willard 
Wheeler,  E.  H.  Potter,  Newton  Crawford,  J.  C.  Goodhue,  S.  M.  Church, 
Anson  Miller,  Jason  Marsh,  and  Thomas  D.  Robertson,  were  appointed  to 
address  the  meeting  on  the  importance  and  necessity  of  the  undertaking. 

In  all  the  counties  from  Chicago  to  Galena  meetings  were  held  and 
delegates  appointed  to  attend  the  Rockford  Convention.  Cook  County  sent 
Isaac  N.  Arnold,  J.  Y.  Scammon,  J.  B.  F.  Russell,  Mark  Skinner,  Thomas 
Dyer,  E.  W.  Tracy,  Jno.  Davlin,  Stephen  F.  Gale,  Wm.  H.  Brown,  Walter 
L.  Newberry,  William  E.  Jones,  Bryan  W.  Raymond,  F.  C.  Sherman,  Wil- 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


283 


liam  Jones,  and  Mayor  Aug.  Garrett,  16;  DeKalb  sent  1  delegate; 
McHenry,  15;  Rock  Co.,  Wis.,  3;  Ogle,  80;  Boone,  42;  Lee,  1;  Kane,  15; 
Stephenson,  -lO;  Winnebago,  100;  Jo  Daviess,  6;  total,  319. 

The  following  named  gentlemen  were  chosen  as  permanent  officers  of 
the  meeting:  President,  Thomas  Drummond,  of  Jo  Daviess;  Yice  Presi- 
dents, William  H.  Brown,  of  Cook;  Joel  Walker,  of  Boone:  Spooner 
Ruggles,  of  Ogle;  and  Elijah  Wilcox,  of  Kane.  Secretaries,  T.  D.  Robert- 
son, of  Winnebago;  J.  B.  F.  Russell,  of  Cook;  and  S.  P.  Hyde,  of 
McHenry. 

It  is  proper  to  remark  in  this  connection  that  in  1836  a  charter  had 
been  obtained  by  ISTew  York  parties  under  the  name  and  style  of  the 
Galena  &  Chicago  Union  Railroad  Company,  for  the  purpose  of  building  a 
railroad  from  Galena  to  Chicago.  This  company  had  also  secured  a  tract 
of  1,000  acres  of  land  on  DuPage  River,  and  in  1838  had  done  some  grad- 
ing on  the  prairie  west  of  Chicago.  This  much  accomplished,  the  under- 
taking was  left  in  abeyance.  Some  time  in  the  latter  part  of  1845,  Messrs. 
Ogde'n  and  Jones,  of  Chicago,  negotiated  with  Messrs.  Kevins  and  Matte- 
son,  of  New  York,  for  the  purchase  of  this  charter,  and  the  DuPage  land, 
etc.,  for  which  they  paid  $20,000. 

When  the  Rockford  meeting  of  January  T,  1846,  was  fully  organized, 
Walter  L.  Kewberry,  of  Cook  County,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  If  a  satisfactory  arrangement  can  be  made  with  the  present  holders  of  the 
stock  of  the  Galena  &  Chicago  Union  Railroad  Company,  that  the  members  of  this  con- 
vention will  use  all  honorable  measures  to  obtain  subscriptions  to  the  stock  of  said  company. 

An  animated  and  spirited  discussion  followed  the  introduction  of  this 
resolution,  which  elicited  a  full  history  of  the  charter,  its  great  powers,  and 
the  happy  results  that  would  follow  its  purchase,  and  the  completion  of  the 
road  under  it,  etc.,  after  which  the  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted. 

Previous  to  the  adoption  of  this  resolution,  a  committee  of  one  from 
each  county  had  been  appointed  to  draft  a  series  of  resolutions  expressive 
of  the  views  of  the  convention  on  the  subject  under  consideration.  That 
committee  consisted  of  the  following  named  gentlemen,  to  wit:  J.  Y. 
Scammon,  of  Cook;  George  T.  Kasson,  of  McHenry;  C.  S.  Herasted,  of 
Jo  Daviess;  M.  G.  Dana,  of  Ogle;  James  S.  Waterman,  of  DeKalb;  W. 
H.  Oilman,  of  Boone;  John  A.  Clark,  of  Stephenson;  A.  B.  Wells,  of 
Kane;  S.  M.  Church,  of  Winnebago. 

This  committee,  through  its  chairman,  J,  Y.  Scammon,  submitted  the 
following  report: 

Besolved,  That  the  wants  of  the  farmers  and  business  men  of  Northern  Illinois,  require 
the  immediate  construction  of  a  railroad  from  Chicago  to  Galena ;  that  the  value  of  farms 
upon  the  route  would  be  doubled  by  the  construction  of  the  road,  and  the  convenience  of 
the  inhabitants  immeasurably  promoted  thereby. 

Besolved,  That  in  order  to  accomplish  the  object  of  this  convention,  it  is  indispensably 
necessary  that  the  inhabitants  and  owners  of  property  between  Galena  and  Chicago  should 
come  forward  and  subscribe  to  the  stock  of  the  proposed  railroad,  to  the  extent  of  their 
ability ;  and  that,  if  each  farmer  upon  the  route  shall  take  at  least  one  share  of  the  stock 
(.$100),  the  completion  of  the  road  would  be  placed  beyond  contingencj^ 

This  embraces  the  history  of  the  beginning  of  the  Illinois  railroad 
system,  and  was  the  nucleus  around  which  has  gathered  so  many  accom- 
plishments of  that  character — from  which  have  grown  similar  undertakings, 
until  there  is  scarcely  a  county  or  county  town  in  the  entire  State,  that  is 
not  accessible  by  railroad  communication. 


284  HISTOKY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

Several  subsequent  meetings  were  held  in  Rockford,  to  promote  the  inter- 
ests of  the  undertaking,  urge  subscriptions,  etc.,  at  which  meetings  the  mag- 
nitude of  the  undertaking,  and  its  interests  and  benefits  to  the  community 
were  presented  by  Messrs.  Ogden,  John  Warner,  Charles  Walker  and  others. 
John  A.  Holland,  then  residing  in  Rockford,  but  now  deceased,  was  an 
active  advocate  of  the  enterprise,  and  largely  contributed  to  its  success. 
In  1S4S,  T.  D.  Robertson,  now  of  the  Winnebago  National  Bank,  was 
elected  a  director  of  the  road,  in  which  capacity  he  continued  to  serve  until 
the  Galena  and  Chicago  Union  Railroad  interests  were  consolidated  with 
the  Chicago  and  jSTorthwestern,  in  1864.  He  also  served  as  director  in  that 
Company  until  July,  1867, 

Aug.  20,  1852,  the  Galena  and  Chicago  Union  Railroad  was  completed 
to  the  east  side  of  Rock  river;  and  to  the  west  side  of  the  river,  by  the 
erection  of  the  necessary  bridge,  in  August,  1853. 

The  next  railroad  undertaking  was  the  organization  of  a  company  to 
L'uild  what  was  first  known  as  the  Rockford  Central  Railroad,  intended  to 
run  from  Rockturd  to  Mendota,  on  the  Illinois  Central  railroad,  and  to 
extend  northward  up  Rock  river  to  Beloit,  Wisconsin,  and  other  points  in 
that  direction.  This  CQ^npany  was  organized  on  the  7th  of  March,  1855, 
with  the  following  officers: 

President,  R.  P.  Lane;  Secretary,  E.  H.  Baker;  Treasurer,  C.  H.  Spaf- 
ford;  Attorney,  Jason  Marsh;  Chief  Engineer,  R.  Ogilby;  Consulting 
Engineer,  R.  B.  Mason;  Executive  Committee,  M.  Starr,  Jason  Marsh,  D. 
S.  Penfield. 

The  object  of  this  road  was  to  afford  Rockford  direct  communication 
with  the  coal  fields  in  the  southern  part  of  the  State,  and  the  lumber 
districts  of  Wisconsin.  Other  enterprises  coming  on  about  that  time, 
operations  were  never  commenced  on  this  line,  other  than  mere  temporary 
surveys. 

The  project  of  building  a  road  over  this  same  route  was  again  revived 
in  the  spring  of  1871,  under  the  name  of  the  Rockford  Central  R.  P.,  and 
several  thousand  dollars  were  expended  in  grading  in  Rockford  and  between 
Pockford  and  Rochelle,  and  substantia]  stone  piers  for  a  bridge  across  Rock 
river,  just  below  the  dam,  were  constructed;  but  this  enterprise  also  fell 
through  for  lack  of  funds  and  want  of  confidence  in  the  chiet  manager,  E. 
F.  Hollister.  In  the  summer  of  1874,  the  project  was  again  revived,  under 
the  management  of  F.  E.  Hinkley,  of  the  C.  &  I.  P.  P.,  and  under  his 
manfigement,  in  1875  the  Rockford  division  of  the  C.  '&  I.  P.  R.  was  com- 
pleted and  beg:m  running  between  Rockford  and  Rochelle.  The  road  is  a 
valuable  auxiliary  to  Rockford  manufacturing  interests,  as  it  opens  up  a 
close  communication  for  that  interest  with  the  southwest,  by  means  of  the 
Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quinc-y  P.  P.,  in  whose  interests  the  C.  &  I.  P.  P. 
is  largely  opei'ated. 

The  third  railroad  enterprise  inaugurated  by  the  Rockford  people,  was 
the  Rockford  and  Kenosha  line.  A  company  to  build  this  road  was  organ- 
ized in  ISTovember,  1856,  and  the  following  named  gentlemen  chosen  as 
officers : 

President,  C.  H.  Spafford;  Yice  President,  P.  P.  Lane;  Secretary,  E. 
H.  Baker;  Treasurer,  A.  C.  Spatfbrd;  Executive  Committee,  J.  Bond.  J. 
M.  Capron,  P.  P.  Lane,  D.  S.  Penfield,  Seeley  Perry. 

In  March,  1857,  the  contract  for  the  construction  of  this  road  from 
Pockford  to  Harvard  was  awarded.     Beyond  Harvard  to  Kenosha  the  road 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  285 

was  under  a  different  inanageinent,  and  governed  by  a  charter  grantc  1  by 
the  legislature  of  Wisconsin.  Althongh  work  was  commenced  on  this  road 
in  the  early  S[)ring  of  1857,  its  progress  was  slow,  and  in  the  fall  of  that 
year,  in  consequence  of  the  financial  revulsions  that  paralj'zed  all  industries 
for  the  time,  work  was  almost  entirely  suspended.  In  August,  1858,  the 
company  had  become  so  crippled,  that  they  found  it  necessary  to  apply  to 
the  City  Council  for  a  loan  of  the  city  credit  to  the  amount  of  $50,000, 
which  was  granted  by  a  v'ote  of -the  people  by  a  majority  of  five  hundred. 
This  is  the  only  instance  in  the  history  of  Rockford,  where  the  credit  of 
the  city  was  loaned  in  aid  of  a  railroad,  and  from  the  results  that  followed 
this  experiment,  it  will  probably  be  the  last. 

In  November,  1859,  the  road  was  completed  beween  Rockford  and 
Harvard,  and  on  the  21st  of  that  month  an  excursion  train  arrived  from 
Chicago,  bringing  a  number  of  guests  from  that  city  and  intervening 
points,  and  a  grand  banquet  was  held  at  the  Holland  House,  the  same 
evening,  in  honor  of  the  completion  of  the  undertaking.  The  completion  of 
this  road  opened  a  competing  line  between  liockford  and  Chicago,  under 
the  management  of  the  Chicago  and  North  western  railway  company,  by 
which  the  new  road  has  continued  to  be  operated.  Until  the  last  named 
road  obtained  control  of  the  Galena  and  Chicago  Union,  the  benefits  of  this 
competition  to  Rockford  interests  were  very  marked,  the  rivalry  became  very 
sharp,  and  at  one  time,  passenger  fare  between  Rockford  and  Chicago  was 
reduced  to  one  dollar. 

AGEICULTUEAL. 

The  first  Agricultural  Society  of  Winnebago  County  was  organized 
April  13,  1841,  with  the  following  oflicers: 

President — -Dr.  George  Haskell;  Yice  President — Robert  J.  Cross; 
Secretary — George  W.  Lee ;  Directors — Horace  Miller,  Richard  Montague, 
I.  M.  Johnson,  James  S.  Norton,  N.  Crawford,  I.  N.  Cunningham  and 
Jonathan  Wei  don. 

July  5th  an  adjourned  meeting  of  the  Society  was  held,  when  an 
address  was  delivered  by  the  president,  after  which  the  following  resolur 
tions  were  passed,  and  an  amended  constitution  adopted: 

'■'■  Resolved,  That  this  Society  tender  their  thanks  to  the  president  for 
his  address,  and  that  Jason  Marsh,,  James  S.  Norton  and  Jonathan  Weldon 
be  a  committee  to  confer  with  the  president  and  request  a  copy  of  his 
address  for  publication. 

"2.  That  this  Society  regard  with  great  interest  the  dissemination  of 
useful  agricultural  information  among  the  farmers  of  this  region  ot  country; 
and  would  therefore  recommend  the  Union  Agriculturalist  to  the  people 
of  this  county,  as  a  paper  adapted  to  their  w.ants,  and  which  promises  to 
be  of  important  service  to  the  cause  of  agriculture  in  Illinois. 

"8.  That  as  the  soil  and  the  rolling  character  of  the  lands  in  Winne- 
bago County  render  this  district  one  of  the  most  eligible  in  the  West  for 
wool-growing — that  from  past  ex])erience  in  raising  sheep  among  us,  it  is 
found  that  they  are  less  liable  to  disease  than  in  most  other  sections  of  our 
cou.ntry,  this  Society  regards  the  growing  of  wool  as  among  the  most  cer- 
tain, easy  and  profitable  productions;  one  which,  when  the  home  market 
shall  be  supplied,  can  be  transported  to  a  distant  market  for  a  small  per- 
centage of  its  value;  and  therefore  we  would  earnestly  recommend  persons 
from  abroad  who  contemplate  removing  to  this  region,  and  our  own  farmers, 


286  HISTORY   OF   WESnsnEBAGO   COUNTY. 

to  embark  in  the  growing  of  wool  as  a  profitable  and  certain  source  of 
wealth. 

"The  annual  meeting  of  the  Society  and  Cattle  Show  will  be  on  the 
second  Wednesday  in  October,  when  premiums  will  be  given  on  the  follow- 
ing articles.  The  amount  of  the  premiums  will  be  governed  by  the  funds 
of  the  Society  on  hand  at  that  time.  Where  nothing  more  substantial  is 
awarded,  a  certificate  will  be  given." 

The  premium  list  was  a  small  affair,  only  occupying  forty-six  lines 
(newspaper  measure)  of  minion  type.  Seven  premiums  were  oilered  on 
horses,  six  on  cattle,  four  on  hogs,  two  on  sheep,  one  for  the  best  cultivated 
ten  acres  of  land,  taking  into  account  the  condition  of  the  land  and  the 
amount  of  the  crop;  for  the  best  twenty-five  'pounds  of  butter,  for  the  best 
cheese  weighing  fifteen  pounds  and  over,  for  the  best  ten  yards  of  flanuel 
manufactured  in  the  county,  for  the  best  fifty  "skeins  of  silk  manufactured 
in  the  county,  and  for  the  best  ten  pounds  of  beet  sugar  manufactured  in 
the  county." 

The  announcement  further  added:  "Premiums  may  be  given  for  other 
articles  not  specified  in  the  list,  which  may  be  presented  at  the  fair,  and 
which  may  be  considered  worthy  of  a  premium.  *  *  *  ^g 
the  great  object  of  the  Society  is  improvement,  it  is  hoped  all  who  have 
anything  icorthy  of  exhibition  will  present  it  at  the  Cattle  SAoio.-^ 

September  13th,  the  quarterly  meeting  of  the  Executive  Officers  of  the 
Society  was  held,  when  the  following  resolutions  were  adopted 

'■''Resolved,  That  the  annual  fairs  be  held  at  Rockford  alternately,  on 
the  east  and  west  side  of  the  river,  commencing  the  present  season  on  th^ 
east  side." 

'■'■Resolved,  That  all  the  available  funds  of  the  society  be  distributed  in 
premiums  on  the  day  of  the  cattle  show,  and  that  the  premiums  be  paid  in 
agricultural  publications." 

'■'■Resolved,  That  George  Haskell,  J.  Weldon,  and  George  W.  Lee,  be  a 
committee  to  prepare  a  code  of  By-Laws  for  the  society." 

'■'■Resolved,  That  with  a  view  of  extending  the  benefits  of  the  Winne- 
bago Agricultural  Society,  of  enlisting  the  combined  efforts  of  the  farmers 
of  this  county  in  sustaining  the  society,  J.  Weldon  be  appointed  our  agent 
to  obtain  members  of  the  society,  and  to  collect  the  moneys  for  the  same, 
which  shall  be  devoted  to  the  payment  of  the  premiums  at  the  ensuing  cattle 
show." 

'•'■  Resolved^  That  the  society  meet  at  two  o'clock  p.  m.  on  the  13tli  day 
of  October,  and  form  a  procession  under  the  direction  of  Jason  Marsh, 
Esq.,  Marshal  of  the  day,  and  march  to  the  place  appointed  for  the  delivery 
of  the  address." 

'■'■Resolved,  That  D.  S.  Haight,  Dr.  Goodhue,  and  C.  I.  Horsman,  be  a 
committee  of  arrangements  to  prepare  a  place  for  a  show,  and  to  make  all 
the  necessary  preparations  for  exhibitions,  rent  a  room  for  the  delivery  of 
an  address,  and  for  facilitating  the  passage  over  the  ferry." 

I.  IT.  Cunningham,  J,  Weldon,  and  Lebbeus  Wilson,  were  appointed  a 
committee  on  horses;  Milton  Kilbourne,  Horace  Miller,  and  Samuel  Hayes, 
on  cattle;  Isaac  M.  Johnson,  J.  S.  Norton,  and  Ezra  S.  Cable,  on  sheep; 
C.  I.  Horsman,  Alonzo  Carey,  and  Jason  Marsh,  on  cultivated  lands;  B.  T. 
Lee,  Peter  B.  Johnson.  D.  S.  Haight,  P.  H.  Watson,  and  James  B.  Martyn, 
on  hogs;  H.  Leach,  Henry  ^Thurston,  and  W.  E.  Dunbar,  on  domestic 
articles. 


',-f'iA'  ■>'?^fiii'?,'i£;-{''^??^ 


[aC  CEASED) 

ROCKTON 


HISTORY    OF   WnsnSTEBAGO   COUNTY.  289 

According  to  the  Rockford  Pilot,  of  the  21st  of  October,  the  show  was 
considered  a  brilliant  success,  being  "generally  attended  by  our  farmers, 
and  many  persons  of  distinction  from  the  neighboring  counties  appeared  as 
spectators  and  participants." 

''The  various  committees  met  at  11  o'clock  a.  m.  and  proceeded  to  the 
grove  adjoining-  the  village  (east  side)  where  they  made  their  examinations." 
The  society  had  nothing  but  rail  pens  for  the  accommodation  of  stock. 
While  the  committees  were  examining  the  stock,  "the  exhibition  ol  domes- 
tic articles  was  open  at  the  hall  of  the  Rockford  House.  By  two  o'clock, 
the  several  committees  had  completed  the  duties  assigned  them,  and  nnder 
the  direction  of  Jason  Marsh,  marshal  of  the  day,  the  spectators  and  exhib- 
itors were  formed  in  procession,  and  marched  to  the  court  house,  where  a 
large  number  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  had  already  assembled,  and  where 
the  address  was  to  be  delivered.  The  meeting  was  opened  with  prayer,  by 
Rev.  Mr.  Potter,  and  the  address  delivered  by  Dr.  J.  C.  Goodhue,  which 
was  listened  to  with  great  attention  and  interest.  The  address  was  both 
practical  and  illustrati^-?,  and  contained  just  the  lessons  which,  if  put  in 
practice  by  our  farmers,  would  secure  happier  results  to  their  agricultural 
labors.  He  dwelt  with  great  effect  and  eloquence  upon  the  bright  pros- 
pects which  await,  the  farmers  of  this  fertile  valley,  and  with  a  just  severity 
upon  their  laxity  in  not  introducing  the  strict  principles  of  mental  econ- 
omy into  their  agricultural  occupations,  and  presented  a  practical  knowledge 
of  his  subject,  which  showed  that  he  had  not  studied  alone  in  the  school 
Esculapius." 

Bj  five  o'clock  the  premiums  had  all  been  awarded,  and  the  people 
"homeward  bound." 

Premiums  were  awarded  as  follows: 

Hi.n'.'^es. — Best  stalhon,  J.  S.  Norton;  best  three  years'  old  stallion, 
Samuel  Brown;  best  two  years'  old  stalhon,  Adam  Keith;  best  broodmare. 
H.  P.  Reddington;  best  yearling  colt,  L.  O.  Wallem;  best  two  years'  old 
colt,  Samuel  Brown. 

Cattle.— BQit  buh,  of  any  age,  B.  T.  Lee,  for  his  "Duke  of  Wellington," 
imported  with  his  dam  on  the  ship  "Splendid,"  Captain  Proal,  from  Liver- 
pool, in  1836;  best  two  years'  old  bull  (three  fourths  Durham),  J.  S. 
N^orton;  second  best  same,  Jared  Llickox;  best  cow,  of  any  age,  with  calf 
ten  months'  old,  sired  by  "Duke  of  Wellington,"  Horace  Miller;  best 
heifer  under  two  years,  Horace  Miller;  best  heifer  calf,  P.  H.  Watson. 

Sheep. — Best  buck,  Charles  Richings.     No  ewes  were  shown. 

Hogs. — Best  boar  (thorough  bred  Berkshire),  Horace  Miller;  second 
best  same,  Wilson,  Byron^,  Ogle  County;  best  sow  (Irish  graziers),  J.  S. 
Norton;  two  best  pigs,  Willard  Wheeler  and  Spafford  Marsh. 

BomestiG  Articles. — Cheese,  Milton  Kilbourne;  butter,  John  Straw; 
silk,  Asa  Crosby;  cocoons,  superior  quality,  exhibited  by  Messrs.  Morgan 
and  Horsman  and  Dr.  Haskell;  China  tree  corn,  C.  I.  Horsman;  Baden 
same,  D.  S.  Haight;  White  Dent  same,  J.  Paul;  round  pink-eyed  potatoes, 
H.  Enoch. 

Fruit. — Messrs.  Morgan  and  Horsman  exhibited  some  beautiful  speci- 
mens of  Isabella  grapes. 

The  Misses  Paul,  five  straw  bonnets  and  one  hat  of  superior  manufac- 
ture.    Isaac  Harrod  showed  a  spinning  wheel  of  good  quality. 

And  this  is  the  report  entire  of  the  first  Agricultural  Fair  held  in 
Northern  Illinois. 


290  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

The  second  annual  Cattle  Show  and  Fair  of  the  "Winnebago-  County 
Agricultural  Society"  was  held  on  Tuesday  and  Wednesday,  the  11th  and 
12th  days  of  October,  1842,  and,  according  to  the  Pilot  and  the  Prairie 
Fanner  of  those  days,  was  a  most  gratifying  success.  The  premium  list 
was  much  larger  and  embraced  a  much  wider  range  than  the  previous  one. 
Of  this  fair,  the  Pilot  of  October  13th,  the  day  after  the  fair,  said: 

"The  weather  was  beautiful,  as  if  ordered  expressly  for  the  occasion. 
The  attendance  was  large,  and  the  show  of  stock,  etc.,  highly  creditable  to  the 
enterprise  of  the  farming  community.  *  ^  *  Yesterday  was  really  a  grand 
gala  day,  and  will  be  remembered  with  pleasure  by  us,  who,  in  all  probability, 
have  looked  for  the  last  time  upon  a  gathering  of  the  people  of  this  section 
of  the  country.  A  goodly  sight  it  was,  indeed.  The  farmer  was  there,  in 
his  independence,  as  the  foundation  of  all;  the  mechanic  was  there  in  his 
pride  of  genius,  showing  the  power  ot  mind  in  the  application  of  bodily 
power  to  accomplish  results.     The  women  were  there — 

"  '  The  glow  of  whose  presence  was  warmer 
Than  the  sunniest  juice  of  the  wine.' 

"At  12  o'clock  M.,  the  Congregational  Church  was  crowded  by  a  con- 
course of  citizens,  and  an  address  delivered  by  Anson  S.  Miller,  Esq.,  that, 
though  the  speaker  was  suffering  from  recent  illness,  was  such  a  masterly 
effort  that  it  was  requested  for  publication.  Mr.  Miller  spoke  without 
notes,  yet  he  was  so  thoroughly  impressed  with  his  subject  that  his  elo- 
quence commanded  the  undivided  attention  of  his  large  and  intelligent 
audience  for  more  than  an  hour.  After  the  address,  the  throng  of  people 
were  formed  in  procession  and  marched  out  to  the  grove  west  of  town, 
where  a  most  elegant  free  dinner  was  provided,  and  to  which  everybody 
was  invited.  The  tables  were  tastefully  arranged,  and  supplied  with  the 
choicest  viands  the  country  afforded." 

This  societ}^  kept  up  its  organization  and  annual  exhibitions  for  several 
years,  when  it  went  down  under  the  pressure  of  the  times.  In  1852,  another 
organization  was  accomplished,  and  out  of  which  the  present  proud,  enter- 
prising, influential  and  well-managed  Winnebago  Agricultural  Society  has 
grown.  The  present  society  was  organized  under  a  general  law  of  the 
Legislature,  passed  in  January,  1855,  and  becoming  operative  in  February 
following.     The  first  officers  of  the  new  society  were: 

President — H.  P.  Sloan,  of  Winnebago;  Vice  President — H.  Starkey, 
of  Cherry  Valley;  Treasurer — H.  H.  Enoch,  of  Rockford;  Secretary^ 
R.  Ogilby,  of  Ilockford;  Corresponding  Secretary — E.  W.  Blaisdell,  of 
Kockford;  Recording  Secretary — Thomas  Y.  Kirkpatrick;  Directors — R. 
J.  Cross,  Roscoe;  Milton  Kilbourne,  Rockford;  Lewis  O.  Owen,  Owen;  R. 
H.  Saunders,  Pecatonica;  Horace  Miller,  Xew  Milford.  A  few  years  later 
the  number  of  Directors  was  increased  to  six,  and  the  time  of  holding  the 
annual  business  meetings,  election  of  officers,  etc.,  changed  from  January  to 
February. 

Until  1858,  the  society  held  its  exhibitions  on  leased  or  rented  grounds. 
Its  buildings  and  other  accommodations  were  temporary  and  poor.  Its 
floral  hall  was  a  huge  canvas  tent,  and  its  rental  to  other  counties  was  one 
of  its  sources  of  revenue — Boone  County  at  one  time  paying  fifty  dollars 
for  its  use  for  their  fair.  In  1858,  the  society  purchased  of  C.  I.  Horsman, 
for  $600  per  acre,  twelve  acres  of  ground,  since  when  other  purchases  were 
made,  increasing  the  grounds  to  twenty-two  acres.     Immediately  after  the 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  291 

first  pnrcliase  from  Ilorsinan,  peruianent  improvements  were  commenced 
and  have  been   continued  from   time   to  time,   nntil   now  the   Winnebao-o 
Fair  gronnds  are  tlie  most  complete  and  convenient   in  the  state.     In  Feb- 
ruary list  (1877),   the  real  estate  and   improvements  were  valued  at 


976.67.     The  indebtedness  was  $7,979.27,  leaving  the  assets  of  the   society 
at  $32,997.40  above  its  liabilities. 

The  present  otHcers  of  the  society  are:  President — H.  W.  Carpenter, 
Rockford;  Y lea  President — John  Lake,  Rockford;  Secretary — ^Ilenrv  P. 
Kimball,  Rockford;  Treasurer — G.  A.  Sanford,  Rockford;  Directors — 
Lawrence  McDonald,  Seward;  Lucien  B.  Williams,  Harrison;  James  R, 
Bartlett,  New  Milford;  John  Smith,  Harlem;  A.  E.  Cutter,  Rockford; 
Selden  M.  Church,  Rockford;  and  E.  S.  Bartholomew,  ex-officio. 

Hi  1875,  Mr.  Henry  P.  Kimball,  the  secretary  of  the  society  for  seven- 
teen years,  by  authority  and  consent  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  extended 
an  invitation  to  Jeflerson  Davis  to  be  present  at  the  annnal  exhibition  in 
September,  and  deliver  the  annual  address.  This  invitation  and  its  accept- 
ance stirred  up  such  2. furore  of  excitement  among  the  people  of  Northern 
niinois  as  to  induce  Mr.  Davis  to  withdraw  his  acceptance.  The  corre- 
spondence thus  necessitated  became  a  matter  of  natior.al  notoriety,  and  as 
such  is  made  to  form  a  part  of  the  history  we  are  writing,  and  is  therefore 
included. 

MR.  Kimball's  letter  of  invitation. 

RocKFORB,  Winnebago  Co.,  III.  \ 
July  1st,  1875.      f 

Hon.  Jefferson  Davis,  Ex-President  of  the  Southern  Confedenicy,  MemjyMs,  Ten- 
nessee:—In  behalf  of  the  Official  Board  of  the  WinuebagoCounty  Agricultural  Association, 
I  have  the  honor  to  iuvite  you  to  deliver  its  Annual  Address,  iSeptember  16th  of  the  cur- 
rent year.  As  a  partial  remuneration  for  your  services  and  incidental  expenses,  1 
herewith  offer  you  the  sum  of  Five  Hundred  dollars.  I  also  guarantee  you  a  con- 
vention of  forty  thousand  of  the  representatives  of  the  industry,  cufture  and  progress  of 
the  great  Northwest,  who  will  receive  you  with  courteous  civility,  unless,  indeed,  I 
have  greatly  misinterpreted  the  clemency,  thospitality  and  Christian  magnanimity  of 
our  people. 

The  wisdom,  propriety  and  justice  of  my  invitation  are  established  upon  the  immuta- 
ble principles  of  our  holy  Christianity  and  the  diviner  qualities  of  our  humanity. 

Ten  long  years  of  political  feuds  and  sectional  antagonisms  have  passed  away  since 
our  victorious  Armies  furled  their  battle-flags,  and  with  triumphal  marches  and  crowned 
with  garlands  of  victory,  passed  through  the  Gates  of  our  National  Capitol  to  their  Northern 
homes. 

Gradually  have  the  jealousies  and  animosities  engendered  by  so  severe  a  contest 
died  away.  The  South,  by  the  most  bitter  and  unparalleled  reverses,  has  been  com- 
pelled to  accept  the  verdict  of  our  invincible  arms.  Struggling  in  her  weakness  and  des- 
titution, to  rebuild  the  ruined  palaces  of  her  Industry,  and  "develop  her  natural  resources 
by  free  and  intelligent  labor,  she  stretches  forth  her  arms  of  hospitality  and  welcome, 
and  appeals  for  assistance  to  the  capital  and  philanthropy  of  the  North.  She  opens  the 
gates  of  her  borders  to  the  East  and  the  West;  and  to  the  very  men,  who,  by  the  con- 
tinued agitation  of  the  Emancipation  Measures,  precipitated  the  conflict,  she  teudei's 
the  olive  branch  of  peace  and  strews  their  advent  with  flowers. 

The  Government,  by  the  prerogatives  of  its  high  tribunals,  has  long  ago  adjusted  the 
measures  of  reconstruction  and  the  rights  of  citizenship.  It  becomes  no  part  of  the  duty 
of  a  private  citizen,  in  the  exercise  of  a  spirit  of  revenge,  to  interfere  with  the  enactments 
of  Congress,  or  the  judgments  of  our  Supreme  Court.  To  our  Sovereign  States, 
united  under  the  constitution  and  protection  of  the  General  Government,  the  highest  in- 
centives are  now  presented,  in  view  of  the  grand  posibilities  of  our  nation's  future  des- 
tiny, to  cultivate  amity  and  fellowship  with  each  other,  and,  by  friendly  intercourse  and 
commercial  exchange,  to  co-operate  to  re-establish  our  former  Union. 

Underlying  my  invitation  to  your  excellency,  is  a  higlier  significance  than  what 
may  be  involved  in  a  mere  business  engagement.  It  is  my  spirit  and  purpose  to  recog- 
nize the  accomplishments  of  genius  and  the  qualities  of  brilliant  stateamenship,  wherever 
existing,  whatever  may  have  been  the  errors  and  misjudgments  of  the  past. 


292  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY, 

Hoping  that  you  will  honor  our  Association  with  an  early  acceptance,  and,  person- 
ally, desiring  that  a  beneficent  Providence  may  crown  your  advancing  years  with  peace, 
honor  and  prosperity, 

I  have  the  honor  to  remain. 

Yours  truly 

HEimY  P.  Kjmbell, 
Sec.  Winnebago  County  Ay.  Soc. 

MR.   DAVIS'   LETTER   OP  ACCEPTANCE. 

Memphis,  Tenn.,  Aug.  5,  1875. 

H.  P.  Kimball,  Secretary,  &c. — Dear  Sir:  Yours  of  the  1st  inst.  has  been  re- 
ceived, and  I  have  the  honor  to  accept  the  invitation  to  address  the  patrons  of  the  Industrial 
Association  of  Winnebago  County  at  their  meeting  in  September  next,  and,  unless  pre- 
vented by  some  unforeseen  cause,  will  be  with  you  on  the  14th  proximo,  the  commence- 
ment day  of  your  exposition. 

Your  previous  letter  on  the  same  subject  would  have  been  replied  to  but  for  the  un- 
certainty which  existed  tlien  and  until  several  days  past  as  to  the  probability  of  arranging 
some  business  matters  so  as  to  permit  my  absence  at  the  time  specified. 

I  have  long  desired  to  revisit  your  county  and  witness  the  wonderful  development 
which  has  been  uiade  since  I  left  it.  It  was  then  a  wilderness,  occupied  by  savages.  The 
courteous  invitation  extended  to  me  is  therefore  doubly  welcome. 

With  cordial  thanks  to  your  associates  and  to  j'ourself,  I  am  respectfully  and  truly 
yours, 

Jefferson  Davis. 

Id  the  time  of  the  Indian  tronble  through  this  country  Jeff.  Davis, 
with  other  men  of  that  day  and  generation,  helped  subdue  them.  Later, 
however,  he  became  the  representative  man  and  leader  in  the  attempt  to 
establish  an  independent  confederacy  out  of  the  slave  States,  and,  although 
unsuccessful,  the  horrors  of  the  war  that  followed  were  not  forgotten. 
When  his  promised  attendance  was  announced,  the  memories  of  war  times 
were  kindled  anew  in  the  loyal  heart,  and  a  cry  of  opposition  was  raised 
that  was  soon  borne  to  the  ears  of  the  Confederate  chieftain,  giving  liim  to 
know  that  his  presence  would  be  offensive  almost  bej'-ond  toleration.  In 
giving  shape  to  this  opposition  the  G.  L.  Kevins  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Rock- 
ford,  were  the  hrst  to  move,  and  caused  to  be  issued  the  following  protest : 

"  Whereas,  We  learn,  with  regret,  that  Jefferson  Davis  has  been  in- 
vited bv  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Winnebago  Agricultural  Society  to 
deliver  ibhe  annual  address  at  our  county  fair;  and  whereas  we  look  upon  it 
as  an  insult  to  the  loyal  citizens  of  Winnebago  County  to  invite  the  arch- 
traitor,  Jeff.  Davis,  to  address  the  relatives  and  surviving  friends  of  thir- 
teen thousand  men  murdered  at  Andersonville  alone,  by  his  orders, 

^^  Hesolved,  That  while  as  an  organization  we  have  nothing  to  do  with 
politics,  yet,  as  loyal  citizens  and  former  soldiers,  we  feel  it  our  duty  to 
speak  in  behalf  of  the  memory  of  our  fallen  comrades,  who  are  no  longer 
able  to  speak  for  themselves. 

"  2.  That  we  protest  against  the  action  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  and 
pledge  ourselves  that  we  will  not  attend  the  fair,  nor  contribute  anything 
toward  making  it  a  success,  if  the  Board  of  Directors  persist  in  bringing 
forward  this  arch-traitor  and  coward. 

^"  3.  That  these  resolutions  be  signed  by  the  members  of  this  Post,  and 
published  in  the  county  papers." 

This  protest  was  signed  by  one  hundred  and  twenty-six  members  of 
the  Post,  and  a  printed  copy  thereof  forwarded  to  Mr.  Davis,  upon  the  re- 
ceipt of  which  he  addressed  to  Mr.  Kimball  the  following 


HISTOKT   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  293 

LETTER  OP  REVOCATION. 

Memphis,  Tenn.,  Aug.  15,  1875. 

Hy.  p.  Kimball,  Secretary  Winnebago  County  Acricultiiual  Society,  Hock- 
ford,  III. — Dear  Sir:  I,  yesterday,  sent  to  you  a  telegram  announcing  my  revocation  of 
the  conditioned  acceptance  ot  the  invitation  to  address  your  Association  at  the  annual 
meeting  in  September  next. 

The  long  period  that  has  elapsed  since  the  receipt  of  your  tirst  letter,  and  the  consid- 
erate courtesy  which  has  marked  your  correspondence,  makes  it  a  duty  to  the  Board  and  to 
myself  that  a  sutticient  explanation  should  be  given  of  this  change  of  purpose. 

Three  objects  mainlj^  induced  me  to  accept  the  invitation:  First,  (he  hope  that  per- 
sonal intercourse  might  remove  some  of  the  prejudices  which  had  been  generated  by  par- 
tisan fictions,  and  nurtured  Ijy  individual  and  sectional  hate.  Anxious  now,  as  in  former 
years,  to  promote  the  interest  of  our  great  Valley  of  the  Mississippi,  and  believing  that, 
with  mutual  confidence  and  co-intelligence,  much  could  be  done  for  their  advancement,  1 
only  delayed  my  acceptance  of  your  invitation  until  it  became  reasonable  that  it  could 
be  met. 

The  productive  capacity  of  the  Northwest  needs  for  its  development  cheaper  and 
safer  transportation  to  the  markets  of  the  Southwest,  and  also  to  those  of  foreign  countries. 
In  England,  especially,  earnest  attention  has  been  directed  for  several  years  past  to  a  more 
direct  and  economical  trade  with  the  Mississippi  Valley.  In  this  connection  there  was  a 
desire  to  confer  with  the  patrons  of  husbandry  in  your  rich  and  prosperous  section.  To 
discuss  with  them  the  questions  involved  in  securing  better  means  of  transporting  your 
farm  products  to  the  most  favorable  markets,  and  of  providing  agencies  which  should  in- 
sure larger  returns  to  the  producer,  and,  by  such  conference,  to  learn  the  views  of  our  men 
of  the  family  of  the  Mississippi  Valley  A  family  the  chief  interest  of  all  the  members  of 
which  is  agriculture,  but  cultivators  of  such  various  crops  as  to  make  the  trade  among 
themselves  extensive  and  lucrative,  while  it  stamps  upon  each  and  all  the  same  interest  and 
the  same  policy  as  their  foreign  trade. 

To  render  such  a  conference  effectual,  there  must  needs  be  a  disposition  to  attend  to 
the  subject  under  consideration,  surely  not  a  purpose  to  smother  it  by  the  interposition  of 
matters  having  no  just  relation  to  it. 

The  second  object  was  to  recognize  the  courtesy  of  your  Board,  and  I  was  encour- 
aged to  believe  that  your  reception  of  me  would  be  beneficial,  rather  than  injurious,  to 
your  Association.  This  was  the  more  supposable  beause  several  other  agricultural  socie- 
ties of  Illinois  had,  in  like  manner,  invited  me  to  address  their  annual  meetings. 

Yesterday,  I  received  a  printed  paper,  being  the  protest  of  a  number  of  your  fellow- 
countrymen  against  the  action  of  your  Board  in  their  invitation  to  me  to  make  the  annual 
address  at  the  county  meeting.  Thereupon  I  sent  to  you  the  telegram  withdrawing  my  ac- 
ceptance of  the  invitation,  under  the  conviction  that  it  would  not  be  useful  nor  agreeable  to 
participate  in  the  meeting,  and  I  now  hope  that  neither  your  Association  nor  the  Directors 
will  suffer  harm  by  the  delay  in  procuring  an  orator,  or  by  the  correspondence  which  has 
caused  it. 

The  third  object  was  to  gratify  a  wish,  long  entertained,  to  see  in  its  cultivated  dress 
a  country  known  by  me  as  a  trackless  wilderness ;  but,  that  being  merely  a  personal  gratifi- 
cation, it  may  be  indulged  at  my  convenience,  or  postponed  indefinitely.  I  can  well  be- 
lieve that  the  cause  which  has  changed  my  purpose  was  unforeseen  by  you,  as  by  me,  and 
you  may  be  assured  that  I  feel  no  dissatisfaction  toward  the  Directors  or  yourself,  and  have 
suffered  no  personal  "embarrassment"  from  the  event.  As  the  invitation  was  unexpected,^ 
and  only  accepted  as  the  expression  of  general  good  will,  so  my  only  regret  is  the  loss  of 
opportunity  to  promote  a  public  interest  with  which  the  welfare  of  your  community  is 
identified. 

Again  expressing  the  hope  that  neither  the  Directors  nor  yourself  may  suffer  injury  or 
annoyance,  and  thanking  you  for  the  kindness  and  consideration  you  have  manifested,  I 
am  respectfully  yours,  Jefferson  Davis. 

Whatever  may  be  said  about  the  policy  of  extending  the  invitation  to 
Mr.  Davis,  it  had  the  eftect  to  advertise  the  Winnebago  exhibition  for  1875 
as  no  society  was  ever  advertised  before,  and  probably  never  will  be  agam. 
The  controversies  it  engendered  were  not  conlined  to  Winnebago  County, 
or  the  State  of  Illinois.  It  spread  all  over  the  country,  and  at  St.  Louis 
grew  so  furious  as  to  end  in  a  challenge  to  mortal  combat  between  two  ed- 
itors of  St.  Louis  papers — Colonel  Emory  S.  Foster,  of  tlie  Journal,  and 
Major  John  N.Edwards,  of  the  Disjjatch.  Major  Edwards  had  been  a 
member  of  Jo  Shelby's  famous  rebel  brigade  from  the  time  it  was  organ- 
ized until  the  war  closed,  after  which,  with  a  large  number  of  his  comrades, 


294  HISTOKY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

he  souglit  exile  in  Mexico,  rather  than  to  surrender  with  the  remainder  of 
the  rebel  army,  and  remained  absent  for  a  period  of  two  or  three  years,  but 
finally  returned  to  St.  Louis.  When  the  protest  of  the  Nevins  Post,  G.  A. 
E,.,  reached  St.  Louis,  Edwards  made  it  the  subject  of  a  very  malignant  edi- 
torial article,  not  only  reflecting  upon  the  Illinois  soldiers,  but  upon  the 
women  of  the  State  as  well,  intimating  very  plainly  that  in  many  of  their 
homes  there  were  pianos  and  other  articles  that  had  been  stolen  from  JeflF. 
Davis'  Southern  neighbors.  Foster  had  been  Colonel  of  a  Federal  regi- 
ment during  the  war,  and  he  at  once  espoused  the  cause  of  the  soldiers  and 
the  women  of  Illinois,  especially  those  of  the  Winnebago  country,  and,  through 
the  columns  of  the  Journal^  repelled  the  insinuations  of  Edwards  in  a  way 
to  arouse  his  old  war  spirit.  He  regarded  Foster's  retort  as  a  personal  in- 
sult— a  base  reflection  upon  his  honor,  and  at  once  determined  to  demand 
redress  according  to  the  code  duello — in  former  years  a  prevailing  practice 
of  settling  personal  difhculties  among  the  Southern  chivalry.  Foster  and 
Edwards  liad  met  on  more  than  one  field  of  battle  during  the  war,  and  had 
reason  to  know  each  other's  mettle.  Edwards  sent  a  challenge  to  Foster, 
which  was  accepted.  The  details  of  the  necessary  arrangements  were  re- 
ferred to  their  respective  friends.  And,  as  the  difficulty  had  grown  out  of 
the  Winnebago  invitation  to  Jefi".  Davis,  the  fair  grounds  here  were  chosen 
as  the  place  where  it  should  be  settled.  The  time  fixed  was  Saturday,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1875.  On  the  morning  of  that  day  the  principals,  their  seconds, 
a  friend  or  two,  a  surgeon,  and  one  or  two  ubiquitous  newspaper  reporters, 
arrived  from  Chicago,  and  took  rooms  and  dinner  at  the  Holland  House. 
In  the  afternoon  the  terrors  of  Illinois  laws  against  dueling  began  to  haunt 
them,  and  the  fair  grounds  were  abandoned  for  a  place  a  little  more  remote 
from  officers  of  the  law.  Hacks  were  enwiffed,  and  the  belligerents  and 
their  respective  attaches  were  driven  up  toward  the  Wisconsin  State  line, 
as  far  as  Brown's  Creek,  in  Owen,  where  they  halted,  a  little  before  5 
o'clock.  A  spot  was  selected  a  short  distance  off  the  main  road,  the  dis- 
tance agreed  upon,  staked  off,  and  positions  chosen.  Both  men  were  cool, 
calm  and  collected — Foster  all  the  while  smoking  a  cigar.  Time  was  soon 
called,  and  the  men  came  to  the  scratch  like  old  soldiers.  At  the  words 
"  one,  two,  three,"  there  was  a  simultaneous  discharge  and  report  of  two 
pistols,  but  neither  one  of  the  combatants  were  scathed.  Edwards  wanted 
another  trial,  but  Foster  did  not.  As  the  challenged  party,  his  honor  and 
courage  had  been  vindicated,  and  he  sought  nothing  else.  Shaking  hands, 
the  parties  separated,  and  started  for  home — Edwards  and  his  party  going 
up  through  Wisconsin,  and  Foster  and  his  friends  going  in  another  direc- 
tion. And  so  ended  what  promised  to  be  a  bloody  and  murderous  com- 
bat— that  is,  if  the  heroes  (?)  were  in  earnest  and  their  weapons  loaded  with 
balls  or  cartridges. 

Some  time  afterwards,  Governor  Beveridge  issued  a  requisition  upon 
the  Governor  of  Missouri  for  the  rendition  of  Foster  and  Edwards  to  the 
authorities  of  Winnebago  County,  but  for  some  cause  never  fully  or  satis- 
factorily explained  to  the  public,  the  rendition  was  never  accomplished. 

In  1&77,  Mr.  Kimball  invited  another  representative  man  of  the  south 
— Governor  Wade  Hampton,  of  South  Carolina — to  attend  the  exposition 
and  deliver  the  annual  address.  While  this  invitation  and  its  acceptance 
elicited  some  expressions  of  disapproval,  the  dissatisfaction  was  not  so 
general  as  in  the  case  of  Mr.  Davis,  and  the  large  audience  that  greeted 
Governor   Hampton's  apjjearance   on  the  Winnebago   Fair  Grounds,  on 


HI8T0KY    OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  295 

Thursday,  Sept.  13,  1877,  and  the  marked  attention  ^iven  to  his  address, 
gave  evidence  that  the  bitter  memories  engendered  by  tlie  war  had  well 
nigh  died  out.  As  shown  by  the  number  of  tickets  sold  that  day,  17,000 
persons  were  in  attendance.  At  the  hour  of  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
the  time  set  for  the  delivery  of  the  address,  nearly  the  whole  of  this  vast 
congregation  of  people  had  assembled  in  front  of  and  around  the  speaker's 
stand,  presenting  an  audience  such  as  few  public  men  ever  addressed.  Gov- 
ernor Hampton  was  introduced  by  Hon.  William  Lathrop,  Republican 
member  of  Congress  from  this  district,  in  a  few  brief,  but  well  chosen,  re- 
marks, and  if  there  had  been  any  doubts  entertained  as  to  how  the  speaker 
would  be  received,  they  were  quickly  dispelled  by  the  hearty  demonstra- 
tions of  welcome  and  good-will  that  greeted  him  as  he  appeared  at  the  front 
of  the  stand.  His  address  was  a  very  happy  and  felicitious  one,  and  fre- 
quently interrupted  by  loud  applause. 

In  a  work  of  this  character,  the  re-production  of  Governor  Hampton's 
address  would  be  out  of  place,  but  there  were  some  parts  of  it  so  full  of 
wisdom,  so  appropriate  to  the  condition  of  the  times,  as  to  demand  preser- 
vation. In  that  part  of  it  which  we  quote  below,  there  is  a  lesson  that 
every  one  may  study  with  profit.  Referring  to  the  vast  extent  of  Illinois, 
to  what  the  people  of  the  State  had  accomplished  in  times  past,  and  to  what 
they  might  accomplish  in  time  to  come.  Governor  Hampton  said  : 

"  I  would  like  to  talk  to  you,  if  I  had  time,  of  your  great  State.  I 
may  not  live  to  see  it,  but  many  of  you  will  live  to  see  these  fertile  valleys 
filled  up.  A  part  of  your  State  is  called  '  Egy])t.'  Why  could  you  not  be 
as  prosperous  as  the  Egypt  of  old  ?  We  are  told  by  ancient  writers  that 
along  the  i^Tile  there  were  in  a  space  of  ten  or  twelve  thousand  square  miles 
twenty  thousand  cities  and  towns  and  eight  millions  of  people  in  them. 
You  in  Illinois  have  over  fifty  thousand  square  miles.  What  would  it  be 
if  your  population  was  in  the  same  proportion  ?  You  have  a  soil  as  rich 
as  that  on  the  Nile.  You  have  a  climate  far  better,  and  above  all,  you  are 
peopled  by  the  younger  races  of  the  world,  and  the  grandest  destiny  that 
was  ever  offered  to  a  people  is  in  your  hands.  Think  what  the  Mississippi 
Yalley  is.  Think  that  it  reaches  from  the  Blue  Mountains  on  the  east  to 
the  Rocky  Mountains  on  the  west,  and  that  it  runs  from  the  tropics  to 
where  perpetual  snow  shines  in  the  sunlight.  Think  of  the  hundreds  of 
millions  of  people  that  could  be  supported  here,  and  then  think  of  the 
glorious  destiny  that  must  be  yours;  and  when  you  think  of  what  may  be 
that  glorious  destiny,  forget  not  what  was  the  destiny  of  the  people 
of  Egypt.  Rich  and  cultivated  as  they  were,  with  science,  educa- 
tion and  everything  but  religion,  they  have  died,  leaving  only  stupendous 
pyramids  as  burial  places  for  their  dead,  and  the  ruins  of  splendid  temples 
that  were  dedicated  to  the  worship  of  apes  and  crocodiles.  You  have  the 
great  problem  to  solve  that  the  people  of  all  times  have  had  to  solve.  The 
great  problem  of  the  relations  of  labor  to  capital,  the  great  problem  ot  the 
relations  of  people  and  States  to  the  general  government,  and  that  problem 
is  made  more  difficult  by  the  infusion  of  universal  suftrage.  But  I  believe 
that  we  can  solve  that  question  if  we  devote  to  it  one  half  the  energy  that 
we  do  to  material  pursuits.  We  can  do  it  by  education;  and  when  I  say 
education,  I  do  not  mean  the  mere  improving  of  faculties  so  that  one  , 
can  read  and  write.  I  mean  the  education  of  the  heart  and  soul,  as  well  as 
the  mind.  When  3^ou  have  succeeded  in  doing  that,  when  you  will  make  a 
man  learn  that  all  learning  is  foolishness  in  the  light  of  God,  when  you  can 


296  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

teach  him  that,  and  make  him  look  to  God  for  hfe  and  freedom,  then  we 
will  be  on  the  high  road  that  leads  to  peace,  prosj)erity  and  happiness." 

Governor  Hampton  was  followed  by  Gen.  Sam.  F.  Carey,  of  Ohio,  the 
great  Buckeye  temperance  apostle,  a  former  member  of  Congress,  and  the 
greenback  candidate  for  Yice-President  in  1876.  His  speech  on  this  occa- 
sion was  one  of  the  best  of  his  life,  and  well  adapted  to  the  times  and  full 
of  progressive  ideas.  Commencing  with  the  time  when  he  was  a  boy,  wear- 
ing tow-linen  shirts — and  it  made  his  back  itch  now  to  think  of  them — he 
noted  the  great  improvements  that  had  been  made  in  farm  machinery,  and 
everything  else  that  renders  the  American  people  the  wonder,  admiration 
and  envy  of  the  rest  of  the  civilized  world  for  their  great  achievements  in 
the  arts,  sciences  and  all  else  that  makes  a  people  proud,  prosperous  and 
happy.  Full  of  sound,  practical  sense,  happily  illustrated  by  humorous 
anecdotes  of  the  prejudices  entertained  by  the  people  of  the  not  very  long 
ago  against  temperance,  the  cummon-sciiool  system,  the  raih'oad,  the  tele- 
graph, and  kindred  enterprises,  particularly  in  some  parts  of  the  south. 
He  kept  his  vast  audience  enchained  by  his  eloquence  for  nearly  two  hours. 

The  fii  st  agricultural  address  delivered  in  the  county  was  rendered 
before  the  original  society — the  one  organized  April  13,  1841 — by  Dr. 
George  Haskell,  in  July  of  that  year.  A  copy  of  the  address  was  solicited 
for  publication  at  the  time,  but  for  reasons  satisfactory  to  himself,  the  request 
was  not  honored.  In  after  years,  when  Winnebago  County  and  Kockford, 
whose  growCh  he  had  watched  and  fostered  from  their  earliest  beginnings, 
had  attained  prosperity  and  prominence,  he  removed  to  Vineland,  JSIew 
Jersey,  where  he  died  in  1876.  A  year  or  two  before  his  death,  while 
visiting  his  daughter,  the  wife  of  Henry  P.  Kimball,  Esq.,  he  presented  to 
Mr.  Kimball  the  original  manuscript  of  the  address  referred  to,  together 
with  the  correspondence  that  ensued  between  him  and  the  committee 
appointed  to  solicit  it  for  publication  thirty-six  years  ago,  with  the  request 
that  the  papers  be  preserved  among  the  other  agricultural  records  of  the 
county.  Among  the  early  settlers  of  the  county,  a  warm  and  ardent  friend 
of  the  tillers  of  the  soil,  of  quick  perceptions,  a  deep  thinker  and  ardently 
attached  to  agricultural  pursuits  as  the  basis  of  all  wealth  and  prosperity, 
his  address  of  that  day  is  full  of  merit  and  as  worthy  of  preservation  in  the 
history  of  the  county  he  and  his  descendants  helped  to  make  as  any  of  more 
modern  date,  and  will  no  doubt  be  read  with  great  interest.  It  is  liereM'ith 
appended. 

address  read  before  the  agricultural   society  of  winnebago    county, 

July  5,  1841. 

'■'■Geiitlemeii: — As  you  have  requested  me  to  address  you  on  the  present 
occasion,  I  have  consented  to  do  so  froia  a  sense  of  duty;  not  that  I  feel 
competent  to  do  justice  to  the  subject  for  the  consideration  of  which  we 
have  assembled  at  this  time,  but  if  I  can  impart  any  information  that  will 
benefit  my  fellow-citizens,  or  direct  their  attention  to  matters  in  which  all 
are  deeply  interested,  I  shall  feel  that  my  labor  has  not  been  in  vain.  It  is 
not  the  farmer  alone  who  is  to  be  benefited  by  the  formation  of  agricultural 
societies,  and  the  improvements  which  such  societies  may  be  the  means  of 
making  in  the  community,  but  the  mechanic,  the  manufacturer,  the  mer- 
chant, the  professional  man,  and  in  fact  every  member  of  societj^,  whatever 
may  be  his  condition  or  calling,  is  interested  in  agricultural  improvement. 

*'  The  earth  everywhere  abounds  with  the  elements  of  human  happiness 


Sampson  George 

(deceased) 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  299 

and  comfort.  To  man  has  been  consigned,  by  a  beneficent  Providence,  the 
capacity  and  duty  of  cultivating  the  soil,  and  of  rendering  those  elements 
subservient  to  our  wants  and  our  highest  enjoyments.  And  it  has  been 
wisely  ordained  that  our  temporal  reward  shall  be  in  a  measure  proportioned 
to  the  fidelity  with  which  we  perform  our  high  duties  to  ourselves,  our 
fellow  men  and  our  Creator.  The  cultivation  of  the  earth  was  the  primitive 
employment  of  man.  It  is  still  the  great  business  among  all  civilized 
nations,  and  particularly  in  our  own  country,  and  it  must  ever  remain  so. 
as  it  is  alike  necessary  to  our  wants,  our  happiness  and  our  existence  as  an 
independent  people.  All  other  arts  and  employments  which  distinguish 
civilized  life  are  dependent  upon  agriculture  for  support  and  existence.  If 
the  cultivation  of  the  soil  were  to  cease,  and  the  earth  to  withhold  her  con- 
tributions, all  the  arts,  trades  and  professions  would  fail,  the  world  would 
become  a  wilderness  and  man  a  savage.  Where  do  we  lind  society  in  its 
most  enlightened,  refined  and  improved  condition?  Take  a  survey  of  the 
present  condition  of  this  globe,  and  you  will  find  tliac  nations  and  people 
are  enlightened  and  prosperous  in  proportion  to  the  improved  state  of  their 
agriculture,  and  that  the  other  arts  of  useful  industry  prosper  or  decline  as 
this  parent  art  is  productive  or  unproductive.  As  proof  of  this  I  will  refer 
you  to  the  history  of  Egypt,  of  Greece,  Asia  Minor,  Italy  and  Spain,  which 
in  turn  have  been  the  granaries,  in  a  measure,  of  the  civilized  world,  which 
have  risen  and  declined  with  the  condition  of  their  agriculture.  While  that 
flourished,  commerce  and  the  arts  flourished  among  them  and  they  were 
prosperous  and  powerful.  But  as  the  agriculture  of  those  countries  declined, 
or  was  destroyed  by  the  inroads  of  hostile  armies,  by  the  arbitrary  sway  of 
despotic  power,  or  the  corrupting  influence  of  comuiercial  cupidity  and 
extravagance,  the  ])hysical  and  moral  energies  of  those  nations  were  broken 
down,  and  they  became  impotent  and  servile.  Some  of  their  once  fairest 
portions  have  been  made  desert  by  the  violence  of  men;  commerce  and  the 
arts  have  fled  to  countries  where  agriculture  flourished,  and  their  population 
has  degenerated  into  a  miserable  set  of  poor,  ignorant,  enslaved  human 
beings,  objects  of  pity  and  Christian  benevolence. 

"iS^ow  look  at  those  countries  where  agriculture  is  most  prosperous, 
where  the  greatest  attention  is  paid  to  the  cultiv^ation  and  improvement  of 
the  soil,  and  there  you  will  find  the  moral  and  intellectual  condition  of  the 
people  the  most  elevated,  and  human  rights  most  respected.  Where  the 
mental  and  physical  powers  are  so  happily  combined  and  employed  on 
objects  so  useful  to  themselves  and  to  society  as  those  embraced  by  agricul- 
tural labor,  there  is  little  inducement,  little  temptation,  to  immoral  habits; 
but  there  is  a  strong  disposition  in  the  inhabitants  to  maintain  a  healthful 
state  of  morals  and  preserve  in  full  vigor  all  the  relative  and  social  virtues, 
which  constitute  the  main  ingredients  in  our  cup  of  happiness.  Pauperism 
and  crime  are  generally  the  fruits  ot  indolent  habits  of  body  or  of  mind, 
which  agriculture  neither  encourages  nor  permits.  As  productive  labor  is 
the  source  of  moral  health  to  the  body  politic,  it  should  be  honored  that  it 
may  more  abound.  Agriculture  has,  and  ever  must  have,  an  important 
bearing  upon  our  political  destinies.  The  farmers  of  our  country  will  be 
the  last  class  to  be  corrupted  by  the  bribes  and  blandishments  of  power — 
the  last  class  to  part  with  republican  habits,  to  degenerate  under  the  baleful 
and  enerv^ating  influences  of  extravagancL!,  dissipation  and  fashion. 

"The  higher  the  condition  of  agricultural  improvement,  the  greater 
will  be  the  intelligence  and  independence  of  the  agriculturist,  and  the 

17 


?)00  HISTORY    or    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

stronger  his  inclination  and  his  influence  in  perpetuating  the  virtues  of  our 
revohitionary  fathers,  and  in  maintaining  in  their  purity  the  institutions 
which  they  estabhshed,  and  defending  them  from  foreign  and  domestic  foes. 
Whether,  therefore,  we  regard  agriculture  as  a  necessary  branch  of  industry, 
indispensible  to  our  wants,  and  adapted  to  the  development  and  useful 
employment  of  our  physical  and  mental  powers,  or  in  its  influence  upon 
the  moral,  social  and  political  aspect  ot  society,  we  find  in  it  abundant 
claims  to  our  highest  regards  and  warmest  support. 

"  It  has  been  said  that  in  fixing  on  a  location  for  life,  the  grand  requisites 
to  comfort  are:  pure  air,  good  water,  and  a  healthy,  fertile  soil;  yet  these 
seem  incomplete,  at  least  as  regards  comfort,  without  the  addition  of  good 
neighbors- — and  tlierefore  it  is  for  the  interest  of  every  individual  to  do 
what  he  can  to  improve  the  condition  of  those  around  him. 

"  A  man,  whatever  may  be  his  honest  business,  is  profited  by  the  pros- 
perity of  his  neighbor,  whether  that  neighbor  be  a  farmer,  a 'mechanic,  a 
merchant,  or  engaged  in  some  professional  calling. 

"It  is  a  bad  trait  in  the  human  character,  and  one  which  generally  de- 
feats its  object,  but  which  is,  nevertheless,  too  conspicuous,  that  many  beek 
to  elevate  themselves  by  depressing  those  around  them — as  if  the  poverty 
and  misfortune  of  the  one  added  to  the  virtues  and  merits  of  the  other. 

"Not  only  philanthropy  and  Christianity,  but  self-interest  enjoin  that 
when  we  have  provided  comfortably  for  ourselves  and  our  own,  we  should 
render  all  the  assistance  in  our  power  to  our  brother  who  stands  in  need  of 
our  aid.  The  selfish  being  who  lives  but  for  himself  may,  by  amassing 
wealth,  enjoy  his  hour  or  his  day  of  fancied  greatness,  but  he  can  never 
realize  the  pure,  the  elevated  pleasures  which  flow  from  a  life  of  active 
benevolence  to  the  human  family. 

"  Society  is  in  some  measure  a  joint  concern,  at  least  so  far  as  relates 
to  the  producing  classes  ;  the  more  these  earn  by  their  labor,  the  greater  is 
the  accession  of  substantial  wealth  to  the  community.  Whatever  tends  to 
increase  and  improve  the  products  of  the  soil  serves  to  augment  the  com- 
mon stock  and  enables  the  grower  to  supply  the  market  with  more  and 
better  products,  and  to  buy  more  liberally  of  the  other  classes  in  return. 

"The  merchant,  the  mechanic,  the  manufacturer  and  the  professional 
man  have  all  as  deep  an  interest  in  promoting  the  improvement  of  agricul- 
ture and  horticulture  as  the  farmer  and  gardener  have.  The  farmer  virtu- 
ally provides  lor  the  other  classes,  and  is  at  the  same  time  their  principal 
patron  and  customer  ;  and  although  his  labors  are  too  often  held  to  be  low 
and  menial,  by  those  who  cannot  and  will  not  appreciate  their  value,  his 
condition  affords  the  best  criterion  to  judge  of  the  welfare  of  those  around 
him.  Ko  country  can  long  flourish  or  preserve  its  moral  and  physical 
health  whose  agriculture  is  neglected  and  degraded.  Every  class  of  the 
community,  therefore,  has  a  deep  interest  in  promoting  the  improvement  of 
the  soil,  and  all  should  willingly  contribute  their  aid  towards  enlightening, 
honoring  and  rewarding  those  who  are  honestly  employed  in  its  cultivation. 
On  the  old  continent,  some  men  are  born  to  rank  and  privilege,  and  others 
are  born  to  servile  labor.  Arbitrary  laws  have  prescribed,  to  a  great  extent, 
a  man's  condition  in  life  ere  the  infant  breathes  the  vital  air.  Arbitrary 
power  has  perverted  the  laws  of  equality  which  were  intended  for  the  human 
family,  and  has  enacted  artificial  distinctions  which  industry  and  genius  can 
hardly-  surmount,  nor  hereditary  rank  hardly  sink  below. 

"We  know  no  such  distinctions  among  us.      We  recognize  neither 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEIJAGO    COUNTY.  301 

the  hereditary  distinctions  conferred  hj  birth  nor  wealth.  In  our  coun- 
try, merit  is  the  reward  of  individual  ett'ort,  and  distinction  the 
price  of  intelligence,  industry  and  virtue;  and  the  competition  is  open  to 
all.  We  are  all  endowed  with  natural  capacities  for  improvement,  like  the 
soil  we  cultivate;  and  our  reward,  like  the  harvest,  will  l)e  greater  or  less  in 
proportion  to  the  measure  of  our  solf-improveinent.  But,  as  with  the  rich  soil, 
where  nature  has  done  most  man  generally  does  least,  so  with  the  mind;  where 
the  expectations  from  parental  aid  are  the  greatest,  the  ofi'spring  seem  least 
anxious  to  exert  themselves  to  fulfil  the  high  obligations  imposed  upon  all. 
Poverty  and  want  are  often  the  strongest  stimulents  to  physical  and  mental 
exertion;  and  when  a  laudable  ambition  is  awakened  to  excel  in  any  useful 
pursuit,  it  seldom  stops  at  mediocrity.  Adversity  more  than  prosperity  is  the 
school  in  which  men  learn  wisdom.  There  are  high  responsibilities  resting 
on  the  farmer  and  mechanic,  which  should  stimulate  them  to  mental  and 
moral  exertion.  They  constitute  the  physical  and  political  strength  of  our 
country.  If  they  are  ignorant,  poor  and  dependent,  they  are  very  liable  to 
become  the  tools  of  demagogues  and  the  corruptors  of  public  morals.  If 
they  are  intelligent  and  prosperous,  they  will  be  exemplary  in  their  habits, 
strong  in  their  influence,  and  independent  and  patriotic  in  the  bestowment 
of  their  suffrages.  With  these  incitements  to  improvement,  and  these 
duties  and  responsibilities  before  them,  the  farmer  and  mechanic  have 
abundant  cause  to  put  forth  their  best  exertions,  to  study  the  principles  of 
their  business,  and  to  profit  by  the  genius  and  talents  and  discoveries  of 
others  who  excel  in  their  respective  callings;  for  however  high  a  man  may 
be  naturally  gifted,  or  however  successfully  he  may  call  his  physical  and 
mental  powers  into  action,  he  may  learn  much  from  the  skill  and  practice 
of  others. 

"Agriculture  has  too  generally  been  considered  a  business  requiring 
mere  physical  power,  with  which  the  principles  of  natural  science  had  little 
or  nothing  to  do.  To  plow,  to  sow,  and  to  gather  the  crop,  has  been  the 
general  routine  of  farming  operations,  regardless  of  tlie  poverty  which  such 
a  practice  was  inflicting  upon  the  soil.  Thus  the  richest  and  most  produc- 
tive lands  of  the  Atlantic  States  were  rendered  almost  worthless,  and  the 
scanty  crops,  diminishing  from  year  to  year,  reproached  the  cultivator  for 
his  ignorance  and  ingratitude.  But  within  the  last  few  years,  the  attention 
of  the  farmers  has  been  directed  to  the  improvement  of  the  soil,  and,  having 
called  to  his  aid  the  light  produced  by  scientific  investigations  and  discov- 
eries, he  has  restoi'ed  tlie  soil  to  its  original  fertility  and  realized  ample 
compensation  for  his  labors. 

"And  are  we  not  practicing  as  bad  a  system  of  husbandry  as  our  fathers 
did  in  Kew  England ^  Oar  beautiful  prairies,  with  their  rich  and  produc- 
tive soil,  have  presented  inducements  for  too  extensive  cultivation.  Some 
of  our  richest  lands  are  already  nearly  rendered  worthless  by  the  slovenly 
manner  in  which  they  have  been  cultivated.  The  ease  with  which  the  first 
and  second  crop,  perhaps,  have  been  obtained,  has  induced  many  of  our 
farmers  to  undertake  more  than  they  could  well  perform.  The  land  has 
been  but  half  tilled — the  weeds  have  been  permitted  to  grow  and  ripen 
their  seeds,  and  the  winds,  the  birds  and  other  operators,  have  distributed 
them  profusely  over  the  land.  (Our  soil  is  well  adapted  to  the  growth  of 
weeds,  and  under  the  skillful  cultivation  of  many  of  our  farmers,  produces 
an  abundant  harvest.)  Tnough  our  soil  is  at  present  productive,  and  good 
crops  can  be  obtained  without  the  use  of  manure,  yet  without  it,  the  capa- 


302  HISTORY   OF    WINISTEBAGO    COUNTY. 

bilities  of  the  soil  will  be  yearly  diminishing.  Our  lands,  rich  as  they  are, 
will  be  benefited  by  the  application  of  manure,  and  those  who  apply  all 
they  can  obtain  will  be  abundantly  compensated  for  their  labors. 

"Probably  the  most  of  those  whom  I  now  address,  have  learned  by 
their  own  experience,  something  of  the  inconvenience,  not  to  say  actual  loss, 
they  have  sustained  by  half  cultivating  their  land.  Let  us  imj^rove  by 
past  experience,  and  attempt  no  more  than  we  can  well  accomplish.  Let 
us  avail  ourselves  of  the  labors  of  others,  and  profit  by  their  experience  and 
improvements.  Science  and  art  are  now  uniting  their  labors,  and  are 
deriving  mutual  aid  from  each  other  on  the  farm,  as  they  have  for  some 
time  been  doing  in  the  manufactory  and  in  the  shop  of  the  artisan.  A 
new  era  is  dawning  upon  the  vision  of  the  farmer;  new  light  is  illuming 
his  path,  and  a  new  interest  and  new  pleasures  are  urging  him  on  to 
improvement.  He  begins  to  study  the  laws  which  Providence  has  ordained 
for  the  government  of  improved  culture,  and  he  finds  in  'their  application 
to  his  labors,  the  means  of  increasing  profits  and  high  intellectual  enjoy- 
ment; and  the  more  he  studies  and  is  guided  by  these  laws,  the  more  does 
he  become  satisfied  of  his  former  errors  and  his  comparative  limited  sphere 
of  usefulness.  Science  is  probably  capable  of  rendering  more  important 
services  to  husbandry  than  to  any  other  branch  of  labor,  and  presents  a 
wider  field  of  useful  study  to  the  cultivators  of  the  soil,  than  to  any  other 
class  of  society. 

"One  great  obstacle  to  agricultural  improvement,  is  the  subordinate 
rank  to  which  this  employment  Jias  been  consigned,  and  to  which  the  farm- 
ers themselves  have  contributed,  by  a  want  of  respect  for  themselves  and 
respect  for  their  vocation.  The  wholesome  habits  of  society  have  been  so 
broken  up  by  the  civil  and  political  convulsions  of  the  age  and  the  inordi- 
nate thirst  for  acquiring  wealth  and  fashionable  coilsequence  through  specu- 
lations of  various  kinds,  that  honest  productive  labor  has  been  thrown 
entirely  into  the  background,  and  considered  not  only  ungenteel,  but  menial 
and  servile.  Yet  he  who  provides  for  the  wants  and  comforts  of  himself 
and  family,  and  renders  some  service  to  society  at  large,  by  his  mental  and 
physical  industry,  performs  one  of  the  high  duties  of  life,  and  will  ulti- 
mately be  rewarded  in  the  conscious  rectitude  of  his  life,  by  a  greater 
measure  of  substantial  happiness,  than  he  who  makes  millions  by  fraud  and 
speculation,  to  be  squandered  in  extravagance  or  wasted  in  folly  by  his 
children  or  grandchildren. 

"The  revolutions  constantly  taking  place  in  families  sufficiently 
admonish  us,  that  it  is  not  the  wealth  we  leave  to  our  children,  but  the 
industrious  and  moral  habits  in  which  we  educate  them,  that  secure  to 
them  worldly  prosperity  and  the  treasure  of  an  approving  conscience.. 

"Not  content  with  the  gains  which  are  ever  the  reward  of  honest  and 
prudent  industry,  and  which  might  be  greatly  increased  by  the  culture  of 
the  mind;  not  content  with  one  of  the  most  independent  conditions  in 
society,  hundreds  of  farmers  have  sought  other  and  new  employments,  and 
some  of  truly  menial  character,  to  get  rid  of  labor,  the  greatest  blessing  to 
man,  and  raise  themselves  in  the  imaginary  scale  of  fashionable  society; 
and  if  they  cannot  participate  themselves  in  this  imaginary  greatness,  and  it 
is  seldom  anything  more  than  imaginary,  they  are  anxious  to  inflict  the  evil 
upon  their  posterity.  What  class  of  society  have  within  their  reach  so  many 
of  the  elements  of  human  enjoyments  as  the  independent  tillers  of  the  soil? 
'The  farmer,'  says  Franklin,  'has  no  need  of  popular  favor;   the  success  of 


1 

i 


HISTORY    OF    WIN^fEBAGO    CODNTV.  303 

liis  crops  depends  only  on  tlie  blessing  of  God  upon  his  honest  industry.' 
If  discreetly  conducted  on  the  improved  principles  of  husbandly,  agricult- 
ure offers  the  certain  means  of  acquiring  wealth,  and  as  rapidly  as  is  con- 
sistent with  the  pure  enjojmlents  of  life,  or  with  the  good  order  and  pros- 
perous condition  of  society.  It  is  the  golden  mean,  secure  jalike  from  the 
temptations  of  mushroom  opulence  and  the  craven  sycophancy  and  depend- 
ence of  poverty. 

"'The  success  of  the  farmer  in  producing  profitable  crops  depends,  as  far 
as  human  means  are  concerned,  in  a  great  measure  upon  preparing  the  soil 
properly  for  the  reception  of  the  seed,  in  ada]jting  the  crop  to  the  soil,  and 
bestowing  upon  it  the  necessary  culture.  A  great  obstacle  in  the  way  of 
improvement  is  ignorance  of  the  principles  or  science  of  agriculture,  and  a 
blind  adherence  to  old  practices.  I  would  not  reject  a  practice  that  had 
been  proved  to  be  useful  and  important;  neither  would  I  adhere  to  one 
merely  l.»ecause  it  had  been  sanctioned  by  age.  But  I  would  prove  all 
things,  and  hold  fast  that  which  is  good.  From  the  disc(jveries  of  science 
and  chemistry,  as  applied  to  agriculture,  we  are  taught  many  important 
lessons.  Why  has  such  signal  success  attended  the  practice  of  some  of  the  ^ 
best  informed  farmers  in  our  country  of  alternating  their  crops?  Chemical 
science  answers  the  inquiry.  The  elementary  matters  which  constitute  the 
different  kinds  of  vegetables  are  similar,  and  exist  in  various  proportions 
both  in  the  soil  and  in  the  products  of  the  soil;  and  those  elements  are  so 
combined  as  to  furnish  food  for  one  species  of  plants  one  season,  and  that 
peculiar  kind  of  food  having  been  exhausted,  the  same  species  will  not 
flourish  on  the  same  soil  in  successive  seasons.  Every  kind  of  plant  has 
its  peculiar  food  ada]»ted  to  its  support,  and  hence  we  see  the  importance  of 
a  rotation  in  cro]:)s  in  order  to  obtain  complete  success.  It  is  true  there 
are  some  soils  so  abundantly  supplied  with  vegetable  matter  that  they  seem 
for  a  time  inexhaustible.  I  have  known  fields  on  the  American  Bottom, 
which  is  one  of  the  richest  portions  of  the  fertile  "West,  and  even  of  the 
world,  where  Indian  corn  has  been  raised  successfully  for  more  than  twenty 
successive  years,  and  yet  the  crop  is  aljundant,  and  the  caj^acities  of  the  soil 
do  not  seem  to  be  diminished.  But  even  that  fertile  soil  may  be  worn  out 
and  its  stock  of  vegetable  food  exhausted  under  improper  cultivation,  and  a 
change  of  treatment  may  be  found  necessary  in  order  to  perpetuate  its  fer- 
tility. The  primitive  elements  which  constitute  all  animal  and  vegetable 
substances,  combining  in  various  forms  and  in  various  proportions,  are  oxy- 
gen and  hydrogen,  the  constituents  of  water,  nitrogen,  which  mixed  with 
oxygen  forms  the  atmosphere,  and  carbon.  These  elementary  matters  are 
found  in  all  the  combinations  of  matter — in  a  solid  form  in  animals,  vege- 
tables, and  rocks.  By  the  interposition  of  caloric,  or  the  matter  of  heat, 
they  are  rendered  liquid  and  gaseous.  When  they  disappear  in  one  form 
they  take  another — they  are  never  lost,  never  annihilated.  They  perform  a 
constant  routine  under  the  fixed  and  established  laws  of  nature,  for  the 
benefit  of  man  and  for  the  order  and  preservation  of  the  natural  world.  As 
soon  as  the  animal  and  vegetable  cease  to  live,  a  decomposition,  or  separa- 
tion of  their  elementary  parts,  commences,  if  exposed  to  the  agency  of  lieat, 
air  and  moisture,  and  goes  on  until  their  organic  forms  are  lost,  and  their 
elements  are  mingled  with  the  soil  and  fitted  again  to  enter  into  new  vege- 
table combinations  and  become  again  parts  of  new  and  living  organic  mat- 
ters. Hence  we  may  see  the  necessity  of  studying  and  observing  those  laws 
of  nature  which  govern  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  the  whole  business  of  the 


304  HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

farm,  and  which  can  never  be  violated  with  impunity.  And,  in  order  to 
study  those  laws  to  the  best  advantage,  we  should  avail  ourselves  of  all  the 
helps  within  our  reach.  We  should  profit  by  the  labors  and  experience  of 
others,  as  they  are  communicated  in  the  agricultural  journals  of  the  day. 
Every  farmer  should  by  all  means  take  some  agricultural  paper,  and  store 
his  mind  with  all  that  is  valuable,  and  thus  have  a  stock  ready  for  use  as 
occasion  may  require.  Individuals  have  been  benefited  hundreds  of  dollars 
by  the  outlay  of  one  dollar  for  a  publication  of  this  kind,  in  consequence  of 
the  useful  information  it  has  given  them  in  the  prosecution  of  their  busi- 
ness. And  here  let  me  call  the  attention  of  this  society  to  the  "  Union 
Agriculturalist,"  published  monthly  at  Chicago.  Though  there  are  valu- 
able agricultural  papers  published  in  other  sections  of  our  country,  and 
which  are  most  al.»ly  conducted,  and  in  themselves  may  be  superior  to  Ihat 
of  our  own  State,  yet  they  are  not  as  well  adapted  to  our  peculiar  wants  as 
one  in  which  the  experience  of  our  prairie  farmers  is  imparted  for  the  bene- 
fit of  their  brethren.  The  "  Union  Agriculturalist "  is  the  organ  of  the 
State  Agricultural  Society,  and  is  published  by  the  Union  Agricultural  So- 
cietv,  and,  with  a  becoming  zeal,  we  should  take  hold  and  help  sustain  it 
and*^  make  it  worthy  the  high  destiny  of  the  Prairie  State.  Ko  one  is  so 
poor  but  he  may  find  some  means  to  raise  one  dollar  a  year  to  pay  for  such 
a  periodical.  Better  divide  his  means  between  that  and  the  political  jour- 
nal than  to  be  deprived  of  its  benefits. 

''  Thus  far,  in  our  county  the  orchard  has  not  received  that  attention 
its  importance  demands.  I  need  not  here  enumerate  the  advantages  of 
good  fruit.  A  tree  that  will  produce  fruit  worth  one  dollar  per  bushel  oc- 
•  cupies  no  moi-e  ground  than  a  tree  whose  fruit  is  beneath  the  notice  of  the 
hog.  One  of  the  first  labors  every  farmer  should  perform  is  to  prepare  a 
suitable  piece  ot  land  and  plant  his  orchard,  and  let  that  orchard  be  selected 
from  the  best  improved  fruit,  and  in  a  very  few  years  he  will  be  abundantly 
compensated  for  all  his  labor  and  expense. 

"  There  has  been  much  written  upon  the  raising  of  silk  within  the  last 
few  years,  and  many  experiments  have  been  detailed  to  prove  that  it  may 
be  made  a  profitable  auxilliary  to  farming  operations.  TJie  Multicalis 
speculation  has  gone  by,  and  those  who  are  supplied  with  the  tree  can  make 
the  experiment  of  silk  raising  for  themselves.  If  it  can  be  made  profitable 
in  any  part  of  our  country,  it  deserves  a  fair  trial  here. 

"  Laboring  under  the  disadvantage  of  the  want  of  a  ready  market  for 
our  surplus  produce,  we  should  direct  our  attention  to  those  articles  which 
will  pay  the  expense  of  transportation  to  a  distant  market,  or  which  can  be 
converted  to  useful  purposes  among  us.  As  much  as  possible,  we  should 
aim  at  being  independent;  we  should  raise  and  produce  among  ourselves 
the  most  of  the  necessaries  of  life.  Our  farmers  must  raise  the  materials, 
and  our  clothing  must  be  manufactured  among  us.  Where  can  wool  be 
raised  with  greater  ease  and  more  profit  than  on  our  fine  prairies?  Let  every 
farm  be  well  stocked  with  good  sheep,  and  all  the  wool  which  is  not  manu- 
factured among  us  will  bear  to  be  transported  to  a  distant  market,  and  bring 
in  return  those  foreign  articles  which  are  regarded  as  necessary,  and  which 
are  draining  the  country  of  the  little  money  there  is  in  circulation.  Before 
Ave  can  be  in  easy  and  independent  circumstances  we  must  revert  the  present 
order  of  things.  Instead  of  sending  our  money  away  to  procure  necessaries 
from  abroad,  we  must  not  only  produce  articles  to  exchange  for  those  neces- 
saries, but  have  a  surplus  to  convert  into  funds  for  other  purposes.     The 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  305 

improvement  of  cattle  and  hogs  demands  the  immediate  attention  of  e^ery 
farmer.  Some  few  individuals  have  directed  their  attention  to  such  improve- 
ment with  laudable  zeal,  and  they  will  iind  themselves  abundantly  repaid 
for  all  trouble.  Beef  and  pork  will  soon  become  staple  articles"  of  this 
countrv,  and  the  farmer  who  would  obtain  the  lari^est  profit  from  his  beef 
and  his  pork  will  raise  and  fatten  those  animals,  which,  with  the  least 
amount  of  food,  will  produce  the  most  meat.  If  a  hog  of  one  breed,  at  a 
given  age,  and  with  the  same  amount  of  food  and  the  same  attention,  wdll 
weigh  twice  or  three  times  as  much  as  one  of  a  diiierent  breed,  is  it  not 
impin-tant  that  our  stock  should  be  improved?  And  besides,  the  hog  which 
will  weigh  -iCXI,  will  sell  in  market  more  readily  for  $4.00  pei"  hundred  than 
than  the  hog  which  weighs  150  or  200  will  sell  for  $2.50  or  $3.  I  will  not 
now  sj)ecify  the  best  breeds  of  cattle  and  hogs.  If  we  should  have  a  fair 
next  ()ctober,  which  we  now  contemplate,  all  will  have  an  opportunity  of 
seeing  and  judging  for  themselves.  Such  exhibitions  are  highly  important, 
as  they  excite  a  spirit  of  emulation,  and  important  results  may  be  expected 
from  them  when  properl}^  conducted.  ^ 

"Flax  is  an  important  article  for  the  farmer  to  raise;  if  it  can  not  be 
manufactured  into  cloth  at  present,  it  will  bear  transportation,  and  the 
seed  can  be  manufactured  into  oil  among  us,  and  thus  save  the  expense  of 
sending  abroad  for  that  important  article.  A  manufactory  tor  small  rope 
would  do  a  good  business  at  once  and  would  find  a  ready  market  for  all  that 
conld  be  produced.  Some  one  should  also  engage  in  the  manufacture  of 
stai-ch,  and  thus  save  the  expense  of  sending  our  wheat  to  the  east  to  be  made 
into  the  article,  and  then  go  there  to  procure  our  supply.  If  sugar  can  be 
made  from  the  beet  profitably  anywhere,  it  deserves  a  trial  here.  The  ease 
with  which  the  beet  is  raised,  and  the  high  price  of  sugar,  offer  strong 
inducements  to  the  capitalist  to  engage  in  its  manufacture. 

"I  have  thus  endeav-ored  to  direct  your  attention  to  the  importance  of 
agricultural  improvements;  and  though  this  society  has  commenced  opera- 
tions at  a  time  of  great  pecuniary  embarrassments,  yet  let  us  not  despise 
the  day  of  small  things.  Other  societies  have  commenced  under  as  unfa- 
vorable circumstances  as  this,  and  they  have  steadily  and  perseverijjgly 
advanced  until  their  salutary  influence  has  been  apparent  to  all.  I  could 
name  instances  did  time  permit,  but  I  leave  that  for  the  present. 

"The  object  of  this  society  is  a  noble  one,  w^orthy  the  philanthropist 
and  the  patriot;  and  though  you  may  not  reach  the  goal  of  your  wishes, 
your  labors  will  not  be  lost. 

"The  seed  which  you  sow  will  produce  its  tens  and  its  twenty  fold, 
though  you  may  not  live  to  gather  the  harvest.  The  work  of  improvement 
which  you  began  will  progress  and  be  fraught  with  blessings  on  your  chil- 
dren and  on  yonr  State." 

The  correspondence  exchanged,  concerning  the  printing  of  the  address, 
was  as  follows: 

Dr.  Geo.  Haskell, 

Sir: — The  undersigned,  a  committee  appointed  by  the  Winnebago  County  Agricultural 
Society,  respectfully  solicit  of  you  the  favor  of  a  copy  of  your  able  address  delivered  before 
said  society  at  their  last  meeting.  We  are  aware.  Sir,  that  owing  to  the  multitude  of  pub- 
lications on  the  subject  of  agriculture,  pains  should  be  taken  to  select  such  as  have  the 
merit  of  givina-  useful  information,  or  of  containing  matter  of  interest  to  tlie  muss  of  readers. 
But  while  we  in  common  with  others  who  -were  present  to  hear  your  address  were  highly 
gratitied,  we  think  you  cannot  do  the  cause  of  agriculture,  so  important  in  itself,  and  espe- 


306  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTy. 

cially  so  embodying  the  leading  interest  of  the  West,  a  greater  favor  than  to  allow  your 
address  to  be  published,  that  all  who  will  may  read  and  learn. 

Your  Obedient  Servants, 

Jason  Marsh,"] 
J.  Weldon,       \-  Committee. 
J.  S.  Norton,  J 
ROCKFORD,  Aug.  21,  1841. 

To  Jason  Marsh,  \ 

J.  Weldon,      I"  GommUtee  Agricultural  Society. 
J.  S.  Norton,  ) 

Gentlemen: — Your  favor  of  Aug.  21  is  before  me,  and  in  reply  you  will  permit  me  to 
say  that  1  am  not  insensible  of  the  flattering  notice  the  society  has  taken  of  my  address.  I 
feel  a  deep  interest  in  whatever  may  be  calculated  to  promote  the  objects  of  the  Agricultural 
Society,  but  upon  matui'e  deliberation  I  am  not  yet  satislied  that  the  cause  of  agriculture  will 
be  materially  benefited  by  the  publication  of  the  address  I  read  before  the  society,  while  so 
many  others,  more  able,  are  published.  I  would,  therefore,  respectfully  decline  furnishing 
a  copjr  for  publication.  Yours  Respectfully, 

Geo.  Haskell. 
RocKFORD,  Aug.  25,  1841. 

MURDER    OF    SHERIFF   JOHN   F.    TAYLOR. 

After  the  killing  of  the  Driscolls,  the  arrest,  trial,  conviction  and 
sentence  of  Oliver,  idcDowell  and  Bridge,  in  1845,  as  members  of  the  band 
of  outlaws  that  held  dominion  here  for  a  number  of  years,  the  community 
seems  to  have  been  peculiarly  fortunate  in  its  freedom  from  outlaws  and 
dishonest  personages.  From  the  time  West  and  McDowell  were  sentenced 
until  November,  1856,  there  was  but  little  of  a  criminal  nature  to  disturb 
the  quiet  of  the  people.  What  few  crimes  were  committed  were,  for  the 
most  part,  of  a  petty  character,  and  confined  to  that  grade  of  crimes  and 
evil-doers  that  are  to  be  found  in  all  communities.  When  the  "Bandits  of 
the  Prairie"  had  been  dispersed  and  banished  from  the  country,  the  people 
settled  down  to  hard  work,  giving  but  little  heed  to  anything  but  the 
improvement  of  their  farms  and  the  general  industries  of  a  new  country. 

In  the  month  of  November,  1856,  however,  an  event  occurred  that 
threw  the  entire  county  into  a  fever  of  excitement,  the  like  of  whicli  had 
not  been  experienced  since  the  cold-blooded  murder  of  John  Campbell  by 
the  Driscolls  and  Bridge  on  Sunday,  June  27,  1841.  This  excitement  was 
created  by  the  murder  of  John  F.  Taylor,  Sheriif,  by  Alfred  Countryman, 
and  but  for  the  firmness  and  decision  of  the  more  thinking  of  the  citizens 
of  Rockford,  Countryman  would  have  received  the  same  summary  judgment 
and  execution  that  hurried  the  two  Driscolls  into  eternity.  The  circumstances 
attending  this  aflfair  were  as  follows: 

On  the  11th  day  of  November,  1856,  Sheriif  Taylor  had  taken  Coun- 
tryman under  arrest  on  the  charge  of  stealing  cattle,  and  was  taking  him 
to  jail.  When  approaching  the  jail  door.  Countryman  broke  away  from 
the  Sheriff,  jumped  over  the  fence  on  the  Elm  street  side  of  the  square,  and 
fled  southward,  towards  Kent's  creek.  When  at  the  corner  of  Elm  and 
Church  streets,  seeing  that  he  was  likely  to  be  retaken,  Countryman  drew 
a  pistol  from  his  pocket,  turned  and  fired  at  Mr.  Taylor,  who  was  in  close 
pursuit.  His  aim  was  good,  and  Taylor  fell  to  the  ground  and  expired 
almost  instantly.  The  alarm  was  at  once  given,  and  hundreds  of  citizens 
started  in  pursuit  of  Countryman,  who  kept  on  towards  the  grove  south  of 
Kent's  creek,  and  where  he  was  finally  captured.  He  was  brought  back  to 
town  in  a  wagon  in  the  midst  of  the  most  terrible  excitement  ever  witnessed 
in  the  streets  of  Rockford,  and  it  was  with  the  utmost  difliculty  that  the 
officers  who  had  him  in  charge,  assisted  by  some  of  the  more  prominent 


r^ 


■».jif^*^ 


''^. 


/<^^Z.     ^    t^^^-^z/^^' 


ROCKTON 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  309 

citizens,  could  prevent  the  indignant  and  outraged  populace  from  lynching 
him  upon  the  instant.  But  to  the  good  name  of  the  people  be  it  said,  better 
counsels  prevailed,  and  the  law  was  allowed  to  take  its  course.  Countrvnian 
was  placed  in  jail  and  closely  confined,  until  the  February  term  (1857)  of 
the  Circuit  Court,  Judge  Benjamin  E..  Sheldon  presiding,  when  he  was 
tried,  found  guilty  and  sentenced  to  be  hanged  on  the  2Tth  of  March 
tollovving. 

The  case  was  called  on  Monday,  February  23d,  and  the  entire  afternoon 
was  spent  in  empannelling  a  jury,  which  consisted  of  the  following  named 
persons: 

Levi  Tunks,  Howard;  Philo  C.  Watson,  Kockford;  Anthony  M.  Felmly, 
Owen;  Silas  G.  Tyler,  Eockford;  Jacob  B.  Place,  Howard;  G.  R.  Ames, 
Harrison;  Allen  liice,  Harrison;  Charles  "Works,  Guilford;  J.  W.  Jenks, 
Eoscoe ;  Edward  Peppers,  Howard ;  J.  W.  Knapp,  Roscoe ;  S.  P.  Coller, 
Burritt. 

The  jury  being  thus  empanelled  and  sworn,  the  court  adjourned  until 
9  o'clock  Tuesday  morning.  The  prosecution  was  conducted  by  U.  D. 
Meacham,  State's  Attorney,  and  William  Brown,  Esq.;  the  defence  by 
Orrin  Miller,  Jr.,  and  T.  J.  Turner,  Esq. 

The  trial  was  concluded  on  Thursday  afternoon,  Feljruary  26th,  and  the 
case  submitted  to  the  jury,  who  returned  a  verdict  of  ''guilty  of  murder  as 
charged  in  the  indictment,"  when  Judge  Sheldon  proceeded  to  pass  the 
death  sentence  as  follows: 

''Alfred  Countryman,  you  stand  convicted  of  the  murder  of  John  F. 
Taylor.  Your  crime  was  attended  with  very  aggravated  circumstances. 
Mr.  Taylor  was  the  Sheriff'  of  this  county — he  had  arrested  you  for  a  felony, 
and  was  carrying  you  to  the  jail,  when  you  broke  from  his  custody  and  ran; 
he  pursued,  and  as  he  was  about  to  retake  you,  you  drew  forth  from  a  place 
of  concealment  upon  yoar  person  a  pistol,  turned  upon  and  shot  him,  kill- 
ing him  in  two  or  three  minutes  of  time.  Continuing  your  flight,  you  were 
seen  to  reload  your  pistol,  to  be  prepared,  it  would  seem,  to  take  the  life  of 
the  next  man  who  approached  to  take  you. 

"This  deed  was  perpetrated  in  the  public  streets  of  Eockford,  in  open 
day,  in  the  midst  of  the  host  of  friends  of  the  deceased,  to  whom  he  was  en- 
deared by  his  qualities  as  a  man  and  his  faithful  services  as  an  officer,  sev- 
eral of  whom  were  eye-witnesses  of  the  scene.  It  could  only  have  been  the 
respect  for  law,  which  distinguishes  this  community,  that  prevented  you 
from  being  rent  in  pieces  on  the  spot,  by  an  explosion  of  popular 
indignation. 

*'To  shoot  down  a  peaceful  officer  of  justice,  in  the  quiet  execution  of 
his  duty,  was  a  w^ton,  brutal  act,  an  awful  manifestation  of  an  abandoned 
and  malignant  heart.  In  the  eye  of  the  law,  no  criine  is  more  heinous  than 
to  slay  one  of  its  officers  in  the  discharge  of  his  duty.  The  law  guards  with  a 
strong  arm  its  officers  when  performing  its  own  mandates.  Your  case  is 
a  sad  instance  of  the  mischief  of  the  barbarous  practice  of  carrying  deadly 
weapons.  If  you  had  not  had  that  weapon  of  death  concealed  ujion  your 
person,  you  might  have  escaped  a  murderer's  doom.  In  a  well-ordered  com- 
munity like  this,  there  is  no  need,  under  ordinary  circumstances,  to  carry 
about  such  weapons  of  defence,  and  when  carried  they  are  much  oftener  used 
as  the  weapon  of  offence  than  of  defence. 

"The  penalty  of  your  high  crime  is  the  forfeit  of  your  life— the  terrible 
punishment  the  law  inflicts  not  out  of  vengeance  towards  you,  but  for  the 


310  HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

protection  of  human  life,  to  deter  men  from  the  commission  of  the  crime  of 
murder. 

"I  do  entreat  you  to  devote  your  few  remaining-  days  on  earth  to  an 
earnest  preparation  for  your  future  state  of  existence,  upon  which  you  are 
so  soon  to  enter  ;  delay  it  not  in  the  hope  that  you  may  yet  escape  punish- 
ment. Your  counsel,  who  have  ably  defended  you  and  done  all  that  legal 
abihty  could  do  in  your  behalf,  have  made  strenuous  efforts  to  obtain  for 
you  a  new  trial,  and  their  zeal  may  yet  lead  them  to  attempt  to  procure  a 
reversal  of  your  sentence.  If  so,  rely  not  on  any  hope  of  success;  regard 
your  doom  as  fixed,  and  act  accordingly. 

"Human  Tribunals  administer  justice  only,  and  punish — but  you  have 
the  consolation  that  mercy  and  pardon  belong  to  that  tribunal  on  high 
before  which  you  must  hereafter  answer  for  your  violation  of  the  divine 
law.  By  meditation  upon  your  spiritual  concerns,  and  by  true  repentance 
and  contrition  of  heart,  may  you  become  a  fit  subject  of  di\ine  mercy,  and 
obtain  from  your  final  judge  forgiveness  of  your  crimes. 

"  The  sentence  of  the  court  is,  that  you,  Alfred  Countryman,  be  taken 
to  the  jail  of  this  county  and  detained  in  close  custody  until  the  twenty- 
seventh  day  of  March  instant  ;  that  on  that  day,  between  the  hours  of  ten 
iu  the  morning  and  five  in  the  afternoon,  you  be  taken  thence  to  the  place 
of  execution  in  this  county,  and  there  bo  hung  by  the  neck  until  you  are 
dead.     And  may  God  have  merc}'^  on  your  soul." 

The  place  of  execution  was  on  what  is  now  the  farm  of  Samuel  I. 
Oharct,  about  two  miles  west  of  the  city  of  Rockford,  and  was  the  first  and 
last  (to  date,  1877)  execution  of  the  death  penalty  in  Winnebago  County. 
The  execution  was  public,  and  thousands  of  people  were  present  to  witness 
it.  When  life  was  pronounced  extinct,  his  body  was  cut  down  and  deliv- 
ered to  his  friends. 

Alfred  Countryman  was  born  in  Montgomery  County,  l^ew  York,  June 
S8,  1830,  and  was  consequently  in  the  twenty-seventh  year  of  his  age  at  the 
time  of  his  execution.  His  father's  family  came  to  Ogle  County  in  1845-6, 
according  to  the  condemned  man's  confession  or  written  statement  of  the 
events  of  his  life,  where  they  were  living  at  the  time  when  Alfred  com- 
mitted the  crim^  that  forfeited  his  life.  His  life  does  not  seem  to  have 
been  a  smooth  one,  but  full  of  changes  and  shiftings  and  wanderings  from 
one  part  of  the  country  to  another.  Some  time  in  the  letter  part  of  1853 
or  in  the  early  part  of  1854,  while  working  for  the  railroad  company  at 
Fecatonica,  he  made  the  acquaintance  of  a  woman  whose  home  was  at 
Hampton,  Michigan,  to  whom  he  was  married  by  George  Arnold,  a  justice 
of  the  peace  of  that  town.  At  the  time  ot  his  execution  he  had  two  chil- 
dren— a  girl  and  a  boy — one  about  two  years  old,  and  the  other  an   infant. 

WAK  RECOED. 

With  the  exception  of  the  recurrence  of  State  and  iJ^ational  elections 
and  the  ever-to-be-remeiid^ered  Senatorial  contest  between  two  of  America's 
political  giants,  Lincoln  and  Douglas,  in  1858,  there  was  nothing  in  the 
history  of  Winnebago  County  worth}'  of  especial  mention  after  the  execu- 
tion of  Countryman  until  the  coming  of  the  great  and  final  conflict  between 
freedom  and  slavery,  in  1861.  Up  to  that  time  the  people  were  busily 
engaged  in  perfecting  their  plans  against  the  coming  of  declining  years — 
improving  their  farms,  building  houses,  shops,  manufacturing  establish- 


HISTOKY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  311 

merits,  railroads,  etc.  Crime  and  criminals,  and  evil  doers,  with  few  ex- 
ceptions, had  been  banished  from  the  connty,  and  an  era  of  local  tranquility 
and  prosperity  had  been  fully  and  successfully  inau<^urated,  so  that  when 
the  electric  wires  conveyed  to  them  tlie  intelligence  that,  on  Friday',  the 
12th  day  of  April,  1801,  Fort  Sumter,  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  had 
been  lired  upon  by  rebels  in  arms  against  the  government,  tli-  y  were  startled 
tVom  the  contemplation  of  undertakings  nearly  eom])leted.  When,  a  day 
later,  news  was  borne  along  the  same  wires  that  Major  Anderson  had  been 
compelled  to  surrender  Fort  Sumter,  individual  enterprisers  were  abandoned, 
at  least  for  the  time,  and  with  one  purpose  the  people  rallied  to  a  common 
centre  to  take  counsel  together,  and  inaugurate  such  measures  as  might 
become  necessary  to  meet  the  Government's  call  for  volunteers  to  defend 
and  maintain  the  integrity  of  the  Union.  While  the  people  of  Charleston 
were  holding  high  revel  over  the  surrender  of  Fort  Sumter,  the  people  of 
Winnebago  County  were  preparing  to  take  part  in  the  measures  that  were 
sure  to  be  inaugurated  to  punish  their  treason.  An  impromptu  meeting 
was  called  in  Eockford,  and  a  committee  appointed  to  prepare  and  issue  a 
call  for  a  mass  meeting  of  citizens  to  consider  the  exigencies  ot  the  occa- 
sion, and  to  adopt  such  measures  as  the  times  seemed  sure  to  demand. 
That  committee  issued  the  following  call: 

"union  mass  meeting." 

^'■Citizens  of  Winnehago  County,  Let  us  Meet  the  Issue  like  MenP^' 

"The  citizens  of  Winnebago  County,  without  distinction  of  party,  are 
requested  to  meet  at  the  court  house  in  Rockford,  on  Wednesday,  April 
24:th,  18G1,  at  one  o'clock  p.  m.,  for  the  purpose  of  holding  counsel  together 
and  adopting  such  measures  as  in  their  judgment  the  present  alarming 
crisis  demands,  and  properly  responding  to  the  President  in  his  call  for 
support  to  the  General  Government.  A  full  attendance  from  all  the  towns 
in  the  count}^  is  anxiously  desired. — E.  F.  W.  Ellis,  S.  M.  Church,  L.  F. 
Warner,  CommAtteeP     Dated  April  17,  1861. 

Saturday,  April  20,  1861,  the  Rockford  Register  spoke  as  follows: 

"patriotism  at  home." 

"Our  city,  in  common  with  all  other  places  throughout  the  North,  has 
been  the  scene  of  almost  continuous  excitement  on  the  war  question  during 
the  whole  week.  The  prevailing  subject  and  constant  theme  of  conversa- 
tion in  all  circles,  at  home  as  well  as  on  the  street,  has  been  the  exciting 
news  in  connection  with  the  bombardment  and  surrender  of  Fort  Sumter, 
and  the  war  thus  inaugurated.  Party  lines  have  for  the  time  been  laid 
aside  in  devotion  to  the  Union,  and  with  few  exceptions  our  Democratic 
citizens,  to  their  honor  be  it  said,  join  heartily  in  sustaining  the  Adminis- 
tration in  the  crisis  thus  forced  upon  the  country.  It  is  no  time  now  to 
argue  who  is  right  or  who  is  wrong  upon  the  questions  of  national  policy 
which  have  heretofore  created  dissensions  into  parties.  One  common  pur- 
pose should  animate  all  hearts  in  this  hour  of  our  country's  peril — that  of 
preserving  it  from  irretrievable  ruin.  We  hope  we  have  no  Cow  Boys  in 
Rockford  or  Winnebago  County." 

The  mass  meeting  called  for  the  24:th  was  an  imposing  demonstration. 
Every  man  present  and  participating  in  the  action  of  the  meeting  had,  for 


312  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

the  once,  divested  himself  of  political  bias,  and  was  governed  alone  by 
patriotic  impulses.  There  was  no  halting  between  two  opinions — there 
was  but  one  expression,  but  one  purpose — "the  Union  must  and  shall  be 
preserved."  Strong  resolutions  were  adopted,  and  men  and  money  pledged 
till  the  rebellion  was  conquered,  peace  restored,  and  the  integrity  of  the 
Union  vindicated. 

But  even  before  this  meeting  had  assembled  and  taken  action  in  the 
premises,  enlistments  had  commenced,  and  the  organization  of  several 
companies  undertaken,  and  within  a  week  after  the  news  of  the  surrender 
of  Fort  Sumter  had  been  received  the  Rockford  Zouaves  had  completed 
their  organization  and  tendered  their  services  to  the  Government.  The 
citizens,  equally  patriotic,  in  a  few  hours  subscribed  and  paid  in  the  sum  of 
$1,270.49  to  purchase  the  uniform  for  this  company,  and  with  hearts  full  of 
love  for  their  country  and  the  prayers  of  the  citizens  they  marched  away 
under  command  of  Captain  iSevins,  and  went  into  camp  at  Springlield. 
During  the  week  ending  May  4,  five  other  companies  were  raised,  as  fol- 
lows: Kockford  Zouaves,  Company  B,  Ellis  Rifles,  Rockford  Rifles,  a  com- 
pany of  Dragoons,  and  a  company  of  Irish  citizens.  On.  the  20th  of 
September,  six  companies  had  been  raised  and  officered  in  Winnebago 
County,  and  accepted  for  service  as  follows: 

Rockford  Zouaves^  Company  A — Captain  G.  L.  ISevins. 

Rockforfl  Zouaves^  Company  B — Captain  Andrus. 

Durand  Guards — Captain  Whitmeyer. 

Washburn  Rifles — Captain  Bird. 

Rockford  Rifles — Captain  Smith. 

Ellis  Rifles— C2i^t?d\\  E.  F.  W.  Ellis. 

Besides  these.  Captain  Austin  was  raising  a  cavalry  company,  Captain 
Boyd's  company  was  nearly  full.  Lieutenant  Ketcheson  was  recruiting  for 
a  Missouri  regiment,  and  Major  P.  Flynn  was  forwarding  recruits  for  Mul- 
ligan's Irish  Brigade  at  St.  Louis. 

This  uprising  of  the  patriotic  men  of  Winnebago  was  in  the  first 
months  of  the  war — the  spring  and  summer  of  1861.  While  the  younger 
portion  of  the  communit}^  were  thus  responding  to  their  country's  call  for 
men  to  defend  and  uphold  its  honor,  the  older  men  were  no  less  active  in 
providing  ways  and  means  to  help  their  boys  off  to  the  field  of  battJe.  ISTor 
were  mothers,  wives  and  sisters  inactive.  They  had  a  duty  to  discharge  and 
they  discharged  it  faithfully.  The  county  authorities,  within  a  veiy  few 
days  after  the  surrender  of  Fort  Sumter,  met  in  special  session  and  appro- 
priated $10,000  to  be  expended  in  the  equipment  of  volunteers,  and  the 
support  of  the  families  of  such  of  them  as  were  married.  This  sum  was 
increased  by  subsequent  appropriations  for  bounties,  etc.,  until  very  nearly 
$500,000  were  paid  out  for  war  purposes.  In  addition,  each  township  pro- 
vided a  liberal  bounty  fund,  while  private  subscriptions  were  also  made 
from  time  to  time,  and  whenever  occasion  or  necessity  demanded.  There 
was  no  penuriousness  either  in  the  county  authorities  or  private  individ- 
uals. And  thus  the  good  work  went  on  from  the  beginning  to  the  end  of 
the  war.  To  every  call  for  volunteers,  a  ready  response  was  made,  and  the 
quota  assigned  to  the  county  promptly  filled. 

In  Kauff'man  and  Burch's  Rockford  City  Directory  and  County  Gazet- 
teer, published  in  1869,  there  is  an  article  under  the  caption  of  "Winnebago 
County  in  the  War,"  from  which  we  make  the  following  statistical  extract: 

"Up   to  October  1,  1863,  the  quota  of  the   county,  according  to  the 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  313 

enrollment  returns  made  to  the  Assistant  Marshal  General's  office  at 
Springfield,  was  2,087  men;  the  enlistments  credited  to  the  county,  1,021, 
leavino-  the  county  short,  according  to  this  estimate,  116  men.  These  were 
more  than  made  up,  however,  by  men  who  had  enlisted  in  tlie  regiments 
raised  in  other  States,  and  who  had  not  up  to  this  time  heen  allowed  to  the 
credit  of  the  county.  It  was  subsequently  ascertained  that  about  125  men 
from  this  county  had  enlisted  in  Wisconsin  and  Missoui-i  regiments. 

"In  18()i  a  new  enrollment  was  made  by  Halscy  G.  Clark,  Esq.,  enroll- 
ing officer  of  the  county.  This  enrollment  showed  4,627  persons  between 
the  age  of  20  and  45  years,  liable  to  military  duty. 

"The  quota  of  the  county,  upon  this  enrollment,  under  the  various  calls 
for  troops  to  July  1,  1864,  was  2,778,  apportioned  to  the  different  towns 
and  wards  of  the  city  as  follows: 

No.  Enrolled    Quota  to 
1864.     July,  1864. 

Roscoe ---- - 190  124 

Harlem 1^7  88 

Guilford 130  83 

Cherry  Valley -.228  134 

New  Milford .136  85 

Owen - 172  104 

Rocktou 268  167 

Shirland 61  40 

Harrison -. 80  53 

BurriU 201  115 

Winnebago ..213  133 

Seward .198  111 

Lysander 256  159 

Howard 210  129 

Laona 102  63 

Rockford,  outside  of  the  city - -168  104 

City,  1st  Ward ...355  204 

"     2d       "      .                 407  233 

"     3d       "                                   ..• 437  253 

"     4th     "                                            428  250 

"    5th    "       , --250  148 

Total ....4,627        2,778 

"  This  quota  was  filled  on  the  30th  day  of  September,  1864,  the  last 
two  men  being  mustered  in  on  that  day. 

"  In  December,  1864,  when  the  last  call  for  men  was  made  by  the 
President,  it  was  resolved  by  the  county  authorities  to  make  a  new  and 
thorough  enrollment,  it  being  claimed  that  the  one  last  made  was  incorrect, 
and  that  it  reported  a  greater  number  of  men  liable  to  military  duty  than 
there  really  was  in  the  county.  Accordingly,  in  December,  1864,  a  thor- 
ough canvass  of  each  enrollment  district  was  made,  which  gave  3,269  per- 
sons liable  to  draft,  a  decrease  of  1,361  fiom  the  previous  enrollment. 
Upon  this  enrollment  the  last  quota  of  the  county  was  based,  amounting  to 
308  men.  They  were  divided  among  the  towns  and  wards  of  llockforcl  as 
follows  : 

Enrollment,    Quota,  Jan. 
Dec.  1864.       Ist,  1865. 

Roscoe - ...125  16 

Harlem -HO  23 

Guilford 86  19 

Cherry  Valley..-. - 184  29 

New  iMilford  --.- --- 106  22 

Owen --. 153  27 

Rockton 199  27 


314  mSTOEY   OF   WliTNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

Enrollment,  Qnota,  Jan. 
Dec.  1864.       1st,  186#. 

Shirland ---. ---- - 50  3 

Harrison ..- 93  10 

Burritt - 166  20 

Winnebago 200  9 

Seward ITS  30 

Lysander 229  20 

Howard.... ---171  26 

Laona 81  15 

Rockford,  outside  of  city 150  23 

City,  1st  Ward .._ 169  17 

"     2d       " 258  21 

"     3d       "      194  11 

"     4th     "      .-..203  12 

"     5th     "      167  18 

Total .- - 3,269  398 

"  The  apparent  unequal  distribution  of  these  quotas  to  the  different 
towns  was  the  cause  of  much  complaint  among  the  county  authorities; 
their  complaints,  however,  were  of  no  avail,  and  the  men  had  to  be  furn- 
ished as  apportioned.  This  was  done  by  the  15th  of  April,  1865,  the  last 
man  having  been  mustered  in  previous  to  that  date.  These,  with  those 
furnished  under  former  calls,  made  3,176  of  her  patriotic'  citizens  who 
risked  their  hves  on  Southern  battle-fields  to  sustain  the  Government. 

"  Although  the  county  has  within  its  limits  a  large  number  of  persons 
of  foreign  birth,  to  their  credit  be  it  said,  but  36  of  this  number  were  will- 
ing to  shield  themselves  behind  foreign  protection  papers,  and  while  enjoy- 
ing all  the  privileges  of  residents  of  the  United  States,  refused  to  assist  in 
supporting  its  Government.     They  are  divided  among  the  towns  as  follows: 

''Howard,  10;  New  Milford,  3;  Laona,  3;  1st  and  2d  Wards  City,  5; 
3d,  4th  and  5th  AVards  City,  6;  Owen,  1;  Rockton,  1;  Harlem,  6;  Guil- 
ford, 1;  total,  36." 

Having  thus  preserved  the  patriotic  offerings  of  the  people  of  Winne- 
bago County  as  a  community,  there  is  one  other  duty  that  devolves  upon 
our  pen — that  is,  to  gather  the  names  of  the  brave  men  who  were  so  ready 
to  forsake  home,  friends,  Hnd  the  comforts  of  peaceful  avocations,  and  offer 
their  lives  in  defense  of  their  country's  honor.  This  is  not  only  a  pleasure, 
but  it  is  a  duty,  not  only  due  to  those  whom  the  fate  of  the  war  spared  to 
return  to  their  homes,  but  to  the  memory  of  those  who  fell  with  tlieir  faces 
to  the  enemy — many  of  whom  sleep  the  last,  long  sleep  in  unmarked  and 
unknown  graves.  This  Record  was  well  earned,  and  it  is  our  purpose  to 
present  the  Record  as  complete  as  possible,  and  that  it  shall  embrace  the 
names,  companies,  regiments,  terms  of  enlistments,  the  battles  in  which 
they  engaged,  etc.  What  more  fitting  tribute  can  be  offered  to  their  sol- 
dier lives  '(  It  will  be  a  wreath  of  gloiy  encircling  every  brow,  and  a  mem- 
ento which  each  and  every  one  of  them  earned  in  defense  of  our  country's 
honor,  integrity,  and  unity.  Monuments  may  crumble;  cities  fall  into  de- 
cay; the  tooth  of  time  leave  its  impress  on  all  the  works  of  man;  but  the 
memory  of  the  gallant  deeds  of  the  army  of  the  Union  in  the  great  war  of 
the  rebellion,  in  which  the  sons  of  Winnebago  bore  so  conspicuous  a  part, 
will  live  in  the  minds  of  men  so  long  as  time  and  civilized  governments 
endure. 


Winnebago  County  War   Record. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


Adjt Adjutant 

Art Artillery 

Col Colonel 

Capt Captain 

Corpl - Corporal 

Comsy Com  missary 

com .-  commissioned 

cav cavalry 

captd - captured 

disd discharged 


e enlisted 

excd exchaneed 

inf infantry 

kid killed 

m.  o - mustered  out 

prmtd promoted 

prisr  - prisoner 

Regt... Regiment 

Sergt.. - Sergeant 

wd.. wounded 


8th  Infantry. 


Second  Assistant  Surgeon  Clarence  M.  Spalding,  com. 
March  27,  1865.     Mustered  out  May  4,  i856. 

Company  G. 

Abraham  John,  e.  Dec.  17,  1863,  absent  on  furlough. 
Barthoiit  Jas.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864,  absent  on  furlough. 
Blackburn  Jos.  e.   Dec.  20,  1863,  prmt.  Corpl.,  m.  o. 

Oct.  5,  1865. 
Carlin  M.  e.  Dec.  19,  1863,  m.  o.  May  4,  1866. 
Thurston  John,  e.  Jan.  20,  1864,  m.  o.  May  4,  1866. 

11th  Infantry, 

The  regiment  was  called  into  service  under  proclama- 
tion of  the  President,  April  16,  1861  ;  organized  at 
Springfield,  and  mustered  into  service  April  30, 1861,  by 
Captain  Pope,  for  three  months. 

During  this  term  of  service,  the  regiment  was  sta- 
tioned at  Villa  Ridge,  HI.,  to  June  20th,  then  removed 
to  Bird's  Point,  Mo.,  where  it  remained  performing 
garrison  and  field  duty  until  July  30th,  when  the  regi- 
ment was  mustered  out,  and  re-enlisted  for  three  years' 
service.  During  the  three  months'  term,  the  lowest 
aggregate  was  S82,  and  the  highest  933,  and  at  the  mus- 
ter out  was  916. 

Upon  the  re-muster,  July  13th,  the  aggregate  was 
2S8.  During  the  months  of  August,  September,  Octo- 
ber and  November,  the  regiment  was  recruited  to  an 
aggregate  of  801.  In  the  meantime  were  doing  garrison 
and  field  duty,  participatin'g  in  the  following  expedi- 
tions ;  September  9th  to  nth,  expedition  towards  New 
Madrid  ;  October  6th  to  nth,  to  Charleston,  Mo.;  Nov- 
ember 3d  to  i2th.  to  Bloomfield,  Mo.,  via  Commerce, 
returning  via  Cape  Girardeau  ;  January  7th  and  8th, 
expedition  to  Charleston,  Mo.,  skirmished  with  a  por- 
tion of  the  command  of  Jeff.  Thompson  ;  January  13th 
to  20th,  reconnoisance  of  Columbus,  Ky.,  under  Gen. 
Grant  ;  January  25th  to  28th,  to  Sikestown,  Mo  ;  Feb- 
ruary 2d,  embarked  on  transports  for  Fort  Henry,  par- 
ticipating in  campaign  against  that  place  ;  February 
nth,  moved  towards  Fort  Donelson  ;  February  12th, 
13th  and  14th,  occupied  in  investing  that  place,  12th, 
heavily  engaged  with  the  enemy  about  five  hours, 
losing  329  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  out  of  about 
500  engaged,  of  whom  72  were  killed  and  182  wounded  ; 
March  4th  and  5th, <■«  roitte  to  P'ort  Henry  ;  jth  to  13th, 
en  route  to  Savannah,  Tenn.,  in  transports  ;  23d  to 
2Sth,  en  route  from  Savannah  to  Pittsburg  Landing  ; 
April  6th  and  7th,  engaged  in  battle  of  Shiloh,  losing 
27  killed  and  wounded,  out  of  150  engaged  ;  April  24th 
to  June  4th,  participated  in  siege  of  Corinth,  thence 


marched  to  Jackson,  Tenn.,  making  headquarters  there 
to  August  2d  ;  participated  in  two  engagements,  July 
ist  and  2d,  towards  Trenton, Tenn.;  July  23d  to  28th, 
to  Lexington,  Tenn.;  August  2d,  moved  to  Cairo,  111., 
for  purpose  of  recruiting  ;  remained  at  that  point  until 
August  23  ;  thence  to  Paducah,  Ky.,  remaining  there 
until  November  20th  ;  in  the  meantime  engaged  in  two 
expeditions — August  24th  to  September  i6th,  to  Clarks- 
ville,  Tenn..  via  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson —  October 
31st  to  November  13th,  expedition  to  Hopkinsville, 
Ky.;  November  20th  to  24tli,  en  route  to  Lagrange, 
Tenn.,  where  the  regiment  reported  and  was  assigned 
to  Brigadier  General  McArthur's  Division,  Left  Wing, 
13th  Army  Corps.  From  this  time  to  Jan.  12,  1863, 
participated  in  campaign  in  Nortiiern  Mississippi, 
marching  ziia  Tallahatchie  (where  the  regiment  was 
engaged  in  a  sharp  skirmish)  ;  from  thence  to  Abbe- 
ville ;  thence  seven  miles  below  Oxford;  thence  to 
Holly  Springs,  Moscow  and  .Memphis,  Tenn.  Re- 
mained in  Memphis  until  the  17th,  when  embarked  on 
transport  and  en  route  to  Young's  Point  until  24lh,  re- 
maining there  until  February  nth;  then  moved  to 
Lake  Providence,  and  assigned  to  the  Seventeenth 
Army  Corps,  making  headquar  ers  there  until  April 
2oth,  participating  in  expedition  to  American  Bend, 
from  March  17th  to  2Sth.  April  23,  1863,  the  One  Hun- 
dred and  Ninth  Illinois  Infantry  was  transferred  to  the 
Eleventh,  589  being  the  aggregate  gained  by  the  trans- 
fer. April  26lh,  regiment  moved  with  column  to  rear 
ofVicksburg,  via  Richmond,  Perkins' Landing,  Grand 
Gulf,  Raymond  and  Black  River,  arriving  before  the 
works  May  iSth  ;  May  19th  and  22d,  engaged  in_  as- 
saults on  the  enemy's  works  ;  then  in  the  advance  siege 
works  to  July  4th,  at  time  of  surrender  ;  the  regiment 
losing  in  the  siege  and  assault  i  field  officer  (Colonel 
Garrett  NeviusJ killed,  3  line  officers  wounded,  and  40 
men  killed  and  wounded.  July  17th,  moved  with  ex- 
pedition to  Natchez,  Miss.,  participating  in  expedition 
to  Woodvillr,  Miss.  October  12th,  returned  to  Vicks- 
burg.  Miss.,  making  headquarters  there  to  July  29, 
1864  ;  in  the  meantime  eng.fged  in  the  following  expe- 
ditions ;  February  ist  to  March  8ih,  up  Yazoo  river  to 
Greenwood,  Miss.,  having  skin  ish  at  Liverpool 
Heights,  February  5th,  losing  4  killed  and  9  woi-nded  ; 
action  at  Yazoo  City,  March  5th,  losing  i  line  officer 
killed,  8  men  killed,  24  wounded,  and  12  missing  ;  April 
6th  to  28th,  at  Black  River  Bridge  ;  May  4th  to  21st, 
expedition  to  Yazoo  City,  Benton  and  Vaughn  s  Sta- 
tion, Miss.,  taking  prominent  part  in  three  important 
skirmishes  ;  July  1st  to  7th,  with  an  expedition  to  Jack- 
son, Miss.,  under  Major  General  Slocum,  eng.aged  with 
the  enemy  three  times  ;  July  -.gth,  moved  to  Morganza, 
and  was  assigned  to  Nineteenth  Army  Corps,  staying 
there  to  September  3d  ;  in  the  meantime  participating 
in  an  expedition  to  Clinton,  La.,  August  34th  to  29th  ; 
September  3d,  moved  to  mouth  of  White   river.  Ark.; 


316 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    WAH   BECOKlJ. 


October  8th,  moved  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  returning  to 
White  river  October  27th  ;  November  6th  and  7th,  ex- 
pedition to  Gaine^' Landing ;  November  8th,  moved  to 
Diivall's  Bluff,  Ark.;  November  30th  to  December  4th, 
en  route  to  Memphis,  Tenn.;  December  20th  to  31st, 
expedition  to  Moscow,  Tenn.;  January  ist  to  5th, 
en  route  to  Kenner,  La.;  February  4th  to  -jX^iv^  en  route 
to  Dauphine  Island,  via  Lake  I'onchartrain  ;  March 
17th  to  April  i2th,  engaged  in  operations  against 
Mobile,  Ala.,  marching  from  Fort  Morgan,  participat- 
ing in  the  investment  and  siege  and  final  capture  of 
Spanish  Fort  and  Fort  Blakely,  and  in  the  assault  on 
the  latter.  April  12th,  marched  into  and  took  posses- 
sion of  the  city  of  Mobile,  staying  there  until  the  27th 
of  May,  when  embarked  in  transport  and  moved  via 
Lake  Ponchartrain  to  New  Orleans  ;  from  thence  to 
Alexandria,  La.,  remaining  there  until  June  22d  ; 
thence  to  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  to  be  mustered  out  of  ser- 
vice ;  mustered  out  July  14,  1865,  and  left  for  Spring- 
field, 111.,  for  payment  and  final  dLscharge. 

Killed  in  the  field  and  died  of  wounds.. 149 

Aggregate  three  months'  service 933 

Aggregate  three  years'  service 1879 

Field  and  staff,  three  years'  service.. S3 

The  following  General  Officers  have  been  in  the  regi- 
ment : 

Gen.  -W  H.  L.  Wallace,  Gen.  T.  E.  G.  Ransom, 
Gen.  Smith  D.   Atkins. 

The  following  Field  Officers  of  other  regiments  were 
members  of  this  regiment : 

Col.  Hotchkiss,  Col.  Hopeman,  Col.  H.  H.  Dean, 
Col.  G.  L.  Fort,  Lieut.  Col.  McCalb,Maj.  S.  B.  Dean, 
Maj.  Widmer. 

Line  Officers  from  this  regiment  to  other  regiments, 
thirty-three  (33). 

Colonel  Garrett  Nevius,  com.  Major  July  30,  1861. 
Promoted  Lieutenant  Colonel  Feb.  15,  1862.  Pro- 
moted Colonel  March  16,  1863.  Killed  in  Battle 
near  Vicksburg,  i\Iay  23,  1863. 

Adjutant  Henry  H.  Dean,  com.  First  Lieutenant  Co. 
D,  July  30,  1861.  Promoted  Adjutant  Oct.  16, 
1862.     Term  expired  July  31,  1864. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant  Herrington  Love,  e.  as  Sergt. 
July  30,  1861      Appointed  Q.  M.   Sergeant  Jan.  8, 

1864.  Transferred  to  46th  1.  V.  I.  Mustered  out 
July  8.  1865. 

Commissary   Sergeant   Jno.    W.    Bardwell,  e.  Aug.  10, 

1861.  Appointed  Com.  Sergeant  March  26,  1864. 
Discharged  Aug.  10,  1864,  term  expired. 

Company  D. 

Captain  Wm.  D.  E.  Andrus,  com.  June  30,  1861.  Term 
e.xpired  July  31,  1864. 

First  Lieutenant  Urrin  C.  Towne,  com.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant July  30,   1861.      First   Lieutenant   Oct.    16, 

1862.  I'erm  expired  July  29,  1864. 

First  Lieutenant  Wm.  H.  Stalker,  e.  as  private  Sept. 
28.1861.  Re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  22,  1864.  Pro- 
moted Ccjrporal,  Sergeant,  First  Sergeant,  then 
Second  Lieutenant,  July  29,  1864.  Promoted  First 
Lieutenant  July  3i,r864.  Mustered  out  July  14, '65. 

Second  Lieutenant  Aaron  Bayles,  e.  as  private  Aug.  15, 

1861.  Re-enlistedas  vet.  Jan.  22,  1864.  Promoted 
Corporal,  Sergeant,  First  Sergeant,  then  Second 
Lieutenant,  July  31.  1864.  Mustered  out  July 
14,  1865. 

Sergt.  Geo.  E.  Dolphin,  e.  July  30,  1861,  disd.  June  5, 

1865,  prmt.  U.  S.  C.  T. 

Sergt.  Samuel  T.  Beddoes,  e.  July  3o,'6i,  trans,  to  46th 

1.  V.  I. 
Corpl.D.R.  Towne,e. Sept. i,'6i,disd. April  30,'62,disab. 
Corpl.  Benj.  F.  Whitcher,  e.  Aug.  15,  1861,  disd.  Sept. 

I,  1862,  as  Sergt.,  wds. 
Corpl.  Henry  P.  Strong,  e.  Sept.  i,'6i,  died  Jan.  2o,'62. 
Corpl.  W.  H.  A.  Duner,  e.  Sept.  25,  i86t,  kid.  at  Don- 

elson,  Feb.  16,  1862. 
Corpl.  F.  J.  Houseman,  e.  Sept.i,'6i,  m.o.  Aug.2r,'65. 
Corpl.  Ambrose  Stearns,  e.  Nov.  i,  iS5i,  disd.  July  26, 

1862,  disab. 

Corpl. S.  R.  Hest,  e.  July  30,'6i,  disd.  Nov.20,'62,  wds. 
Musician  F.  B.  Wakeman,  e.  July  30,  1861,  disd.  Mch. 
10,  1863,  disab. 

Atkins  Lewis,  e.  Sept.  i,  '61,  disd.  May  23,  '62,  disab. 
Abbott  Jas.  e.  Oct.  22,  1861,  died  April  6,  1862. 


Atkins  Wm.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  disd.  Feb.  16,  1863,  disab. 
Allen  Edw.  W.  e.  Sept.  i, '61,  disd.  Dec.  29,  '62,  disab. 
Alien  Wm.  W,  e.  Sept.  i,  '61,  disd.  Dec.  29,  '^,  disab. 
Bridgman  O.  e.  Aug.   15,  '61,  died  April  17,  1862,  wds. 
Bourne  M.  E.  e.  Aug.  10, '61,  disd.  Aug.  io,'64,term  ex. 
Briggs  G.  J.  e.  Aug.  10,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  10  '64,  term  ex. 
Bookhaut  Jas.  e.  Aug.  10,  1861,  trans,  to  8th  I.  V.  I. 
Bramer  Henry,  e.  Aug.  10,  i§6i,  disd.  April  7,  1364. 
Britt  Chas.  F.  e.  Aug.  23,  '61,  disd.  Sept.  i,  '63,  disab. 
Balson  Wesley  ,e. Oct.  22, '61,  disd.  Oct.  21, '64,  term  ex. 
Compton  R.  A.  e.  Nov.  i,  '61,  disd.  Feb.  i,  '62,  disab. 
Carey  Thos.  e.  Nov.  i,  '61,  died  March  15,  1862. 
Crawford  Jas.  e.  Aug.  15,  '61,  disd.  July  20,  '62,  disab. 
.Croley  Daniel,  e.  Oct.  24,  1861,  drowned  Dec.  9,  1861. 
Coddington  A.W.e.  Oct. 14, '61,  disd.  Aug.  15, '62, disab. 
Doolittle  P.  W.  e.  Sept.  7,  1861,  m.  o.  Dec.  17,  1864. 
Donaldson  Jas.  B.  e.  Aug.  15,  1S61,  died  Nov.  17,  1S62. 
Darling  Geo.  W.  e.  Ncv.  7,  1861,  died  Feb.  20,  1862. 
Denton  D.  H.  e.  Aug.  15,  '61,  disd.  Dec.  29,'  62,  disab. 
DarrallsF.W   e.  Sept.  15,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 
Frick  F.  e.  Aug.  15,  '61,  m.o.  as  Corpl.  Aug.  22,  1864. 
Fuller  Edwin  B.  e.  Sept.  7, '61,  disd. Sept.  7, '64, term  ex. 
Flannery  M.  e.  Oct.  23,  1861,  disd.  Nov.  7,  1863,  wds. 
Gile  Wm.    A.  e.   Sept.  7,  1861,  died   Oct.  13,  home  on 

furlough. 
Gilbert  Geo.  W.  e.  Oct.  2,  '61,  disd.  May  10,  '63,  disab. 
Gile  Geo.  VS'.  e.  Sept.  7,  1861,  m.  o.  June  28,1865. 
Hamilton  C.  A.  e.  Aug.  10,  1861,  died  Oct.  7,  1861. 
Hawkinson  Chas.  e.  July  3o,'6i, disd.  Corpl.  Aug.  17*64. 
Hudson  Wm.  e.  Aug.  i5,'6i,  disd.  Aug.  14, '64,  term  ex. 
Harris  H.  E.  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  disd.  Aug.  17,  '64,  term  ex. 
Hudson  W.  J.  e.  Aug. 15, '61,  disd.  Aug.  i7,'64,  termex. 
John  Wm.  e.  Aug.  15,  '61,  re-enlisted  as  vet.,  died  June 

15,  1865. 
Kent  Wm.  T.  e.  Aug.  10,  1861,  disd.  May  23,  '62,  disab. 
Kingsley  S.  e.  Sept.  1,  1861,  died  May  28,  1862. 
Krunney  F.  e.  Sept.  i,'6i,  died  of  wds.  rec'd  Donelson. 
Loop  M.  M.  e.  Aug.  15,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  7,  1862. 
Lathram  A.  H.  e.  Sept.  i,'6i,  disd.  March  17, '62, disab. 
Murphy  Roger,  e.  Aug.  io,'6i,  disd.  Aug.  25, '62,  disab. 
Murphy  John,  e.  Oct.  4,  1861,  died  June  8,  1862. 
Murphy  Wm.  J.  e.  Oct.  7,  '6i.  disd.  Aug.  6,  '62,  disab. 
Manchester  Dennis,  e.  Sept.  5, '61,  kid.  at  Shiloh,  April 

6,  1862. 
Manchester  Geo.  H.  e,  Sept.  i,  1861,  died  May  30,1863. 
Mager  E.  K.  e.  July  30,  1861,  died   Feb.  20,  1862,  wds. 
Newell  F.  C.  e.  Aug.  15    1861,  died  Aug.  21,  1863. 
Pelton  A.  H.  e.  Aug.  15,  t86i,  died  Oct.  30,  1861. 
Pluiner  S.e.  Nov.  7,  1861.  disd.  May  23,  1863,  disab. 
Shank  C.  C.  e.  July  30,  1861,  m.  o.  July  29,  1864. 
Stalker  Jas.  H.  e.  Sept.  20,  '61,  disd.  Nov.  20,  '62, disab. 
Stewart  Chas.  e.  Oct.  12,  1861,  disd.  May  23,  1862. 
Sullivan  Daniel,  e.  Oct.  24,  '61,  died  April  11,  '62,  wds. 
Thurston  John,  e.  Oct.   lo,  '61.  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

22,  1864,  trans,  to  8th  I.  V.  I. 
Thompson  Sam.  e.  Nov.  i,  1861,  died  May  6,  1862. 
Trask  Julius,  e.  Aug.    10,  '61,  disd.  May  23,  '62,  disab. 
Tra.sk  M.  e.  Sept.  i,  '61,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec.  5,  '63, 

trans,  to  46th  I.  V.  I. 
Town  Wm.  e    Sept.  i,  1861,  disd.  Aug.  15,  1862,  disab. 
Wheeler   Chas.  T.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  disd.  Sept.  7,  1864. 
Wilson  Wm.  M.  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  disd.  May  23,  '62, disab, 
Westbrook  Jas.  S.  e.  Sept.  15,  1861,  disd.  Sept.  17,  1864. 
Warren  John  W.  o.  Sept.  i,  1861,  died  Dec.  24,  1864. 
Webb  Miles  C.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Warner  A.  3.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  disd.  Sept.  7,  1864. 
Wright  E.  A.  e.  Sept.  i.  '61,  disd.  May  23,  '62,  disab. 

Daniels  F.  W.  e.  Dec.  9,'62,prmt. Corpl.  died  July  7, '65. 
Howard  Matthews,  e.  Dec.  8,  1863,  trans,  to  8th  I.  V.  I. 
John  Wm.  e.  March  9,  1864,  died  June  15,  1865. 
Thompson   A.   A.  e.  Jan.    22,  i864,*trans.  to  non-com- 
missioned staff  as  Sergt.  Major. 

Abraham  Jno.  e.  Dec.  17, '63,  trans,  to  8thl. V.I. Corpl. 
Blackburn  Jos.  e.  Dec.  22,  '63,  trans,  to  8th  I.  V.  I. 
Barns  Louis,  e.  Dec.  12,  1863,  m.  o.  Sept.  26,  1865. 
Beggs  Paul,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  died  Aug.  7,  1863. 
Coleman  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  m.  o.  July  14,  1865. 
Crowell    F.  B.  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  kid.   at   Yazoo   City, 

March  5,  1864. 
Jackson  Wm.  A.  e.  Dec.  23,  '63,  trans,  to  46th  I.  V.  I. 
Loop  M.  M.  e.  Dec.  17,  '63,  disd.  Oct.  30,  '64,  disab. 
Pitney  Levi,  e.  Dec.  17,  '63,  absent  without  leave  since 

July  30,  1864. 
Stalker  Ewd.  B.  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.o.  Sergt.  July  I4'6s. 
Spicer  A.  C.  disd.  Sept.  i,  1863,  disab. 
Van  Needam  Tlieo.  e.  Jan.  4, 1864,  trans,  to  46th  I.  V.I. 
Wellington  Thos.  e.  Dec.  24,  1863,  trans,  to  8th  I.  V.  I. 


ffi*^S^    v"l»i!fi^ 


c/^ 


/ley"  4{  '/b 


'Ol-^.r 


ROSCOE  TP 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   "WAR   RECORD. 


319 


Company  G. 

First  Lieutenant  Edward  P.  Thomas,  e.  as  First  Ser- 
geant Co.  D.  Sept.  I,  iS6i.  Promoted  Second 
Lieutenant  Feb.  15,1862.  Promoted  First  Lieuten- 
ant Nov.  22,  1862.     Term  expired  Oct.  31,  1864. 

loth  Infantry, 

The  Fifteenth  Regiment  Infantry  Illinois  Volunteers 
was  organized  at  Frecport,  Illinois,  and  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service  May  24,  1861 — being  the  first 
reeiment  organized  from  the  State  for  the  three  years' 
ijfcrvice.  It  then  proceeded  to  Alton,  111.,  remaining 
there  si.x  weeks  for  instruction.  Left  Alton  for  St. 
Charles,  Mo.,  thence,  by  rail,  to  Me.xico,  Mo.  Marched 
to  Hannibal,  Mo.,  thence,  by  steamboat,  to  Jefferson 
'Barracks;  then^  ty  rail,  to  Rollo,  Mo.  Arrived  in 
time  to  cover  Gen.  Siegel's  retreat  from  Wilson's  Creek; 
thence  to  Tipton,  Mo.,  and  thence  joined  Gen.  Fre- 
mont's army.  Marched  from  there  to  Springfield,  Mo.; 
thence  back  to  Tipton  ;  then  to  Sedalia  with  Gen. 
Pope,  and  assisted  in  the  capture  of  1,300  of  the  enemy 
a  few  miles  from  the  latter  place  ;  then  marched  to  Ot- 
terville.  Mo.,. where  it  went  into  winter  quarters,  Dec. 
26,  1861.  Remained  there  until  Feb.  i,  1S62.  Then 
marched  to  Jefferson  City  ;  thence  to  St.  Louis,  by  rail ; 
embarked  on  transports  for  Fort  Donelson,  arriving 
there  the  day  of  the  surrender. 

I  he  regiment  was  then  assigned  to  the  Fourth  Di- 
vision, Gen.  Hurlbut  commanding,  and  marched  to 
Fort  Henry.  Then  embarked  on  transports  for  Pitts- 
burg Landing.  Participated  in  the  battles  of  the  6th 
and  7th  of  April,  losing  252  men,  killed  and  wounded. 
Among  the  former  were  Lieutenant  Colonel  E.  T.  W. 
Ellis,  Major  Goddard,  Capiain-  Brownell  and  Wayne, 
and  Lieutenant  John  W.  Futerbaugh.  Captain  Adam 
Nase,  wounded  and  taken  prisoner.  The  regiment  then 
marched  to  Corinth,  participating  in  various  skirmishes 
and  the  siege  of  that  place,  losing  a  number  of  men 
killed  and  wounded. 

After  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  the  regiment  marched 
to  Grand  Junction  ;  thence  to  Holly  Springs,  back  to 
Grand  Junction;  thence  to  Lagrange;  thence  to  Mem- 
phis, arriving  there  Jul}'  21,  1862,  and  remained  there 
until  Septeniber6th.  Then  marched  to  Bolivar  ;  thence 
to  the  Hatchie  river,  and  participated  in  the  battle  of 
the  Hatchie.  Lost  fifty  killed  and  wounded  in  that  en- 
gagement. Then  returned  to  Bolivar  ;  from  thence  to 
Lagrange ;  thence,  with  Gen.  Grant,  down  through 
Mississippi  to  CotTeeville,  returning  to  Lagrange  and 
Memphis ;  thenc  to  Vicksburg,  taking  an  active  part 
in  the  siege  of  that  place.  After  the  surrender  of 
Vicksburg,  marched  with  Sherman  tq,  Jackson,  Miss.; 
then  returned  to  Vicksburg  and  embarked  for  Natchez. 
Marched  thence  to  Kingston  ;  returned  to  Natchez  ; 
then  to  Harrisonburg,  La.,  capturing  Fort  Beauregard, 
on  the  Washita  river.  Returned  to  Natchez,  remained 
there  until  Nov.  10,  1S63.  Proceeded  to  Vicksburg  and 
went  into  winter  quarters.  Here  the  regiment  re- 
enlisted  HS  veterans,  remaining  until  Feb.  i,  1864,  when 
it  moved  with  Gen.  Sherman  through  Mississippi.  On 
Champion  Hills  had  a  severe  engagement  with  rebel 
Carney.  Marched  to  Meridian  ;  thence  south  to  Enter- 
prise ;  thence  bjck  to  Vicksburg.  Was  then  ordered 
to  Illinois  on  veteran  furlough.  On  expiration  of  fur- 
lough joined  Seventeenth  Army  Corps  and  proceeded 
up  the  Tennessee  river  to  Clifton;  thence  to  Hunts- 
viUe,  Ala.;  thence  to  Decatur  and  Rome,  Ga.;  thence 
to  Kingston,  and  joined  Gen.  Sherman's  army,  march- 
ing on  Atlanta. 

At  AUatoona  Pass  the  Fifteenth  and  the  Fourteenth 
Infantry  were  consolidated,  and  the  organization  was 
known  as  the  Veteran  Battalion  Fourteenth  and  Fif- 
teenth Illinois  Infantry  Volunteers,  and  numbering  625 
men.  From  AUatoona  Pass  it  proceeded  to  Ackworth, 
and  was  then  assigned  to  duty,  guarding  the  Chatta- 
nooga and  -Atlanta  Railroad.  Whilst  engaged  in  this 
duty,  the  regiment  being  scattered  along  the  line  of 
road,  the  rebel  Gen.  Hood,  marching  north,  struck  the 
road  at  Big  Shanty  and  Ackworth,  and  captured  about 
300  of  the  command.  Tha  remainder  retreated  to  Ma- 
rietta, were  mounted  and  acted  as  scouts  for  Gen.  Van- 
dever.  They  were  afterwards  transferred  to  Gen.  F. 
P.  Blair,  and  marched  with  Gen.  Sherman  through 
Georgia. 

After  the  capture  of  Savannah,  the  regiment  pro- 
ceeded to  Beaufoit,  South   Carolina;   thence  to  Salka- 

18 


hatchie  river,  participating  in  the  various  skirmishes  in 
that  vicinity — Columbia,  S.  C,  Fayeltevillc,  N.  C 
battle  of  Bcntonville— losing  a  number  wounded  ■ 
thence  to  Goldsboro  and  Raleigh.  At  Raleigh,  recruits 
sufficient  to  fill  up  boih  regiments  were  received,  and 
the  organization  of  the  Veteran  Battalion  discontinued 
and  the  Fifteenlh  reorganized.  The  campaign  of  Gen.' 
Sherman  ended  by  the  surrender  of  Gen.  Johnson.  The 
regiment  then  m..rched  with  the  army  to  Washington, 
D.  C.,T'/rt  Richmond  and  Fredericksburg,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  grand  review  at  Washiuiiton,  May  24, 
1865  ;  remained  there  two  weeks.  Proceeded,  by  rail 
and  steamboat,  to  Louisville,  Ky.;  remained  a't  Louis- 
ville two  weeks.  The  regiment  was  then  detached  from 
the  Fourth  Division,  Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  and 
proceeded,  by  steamer,  to  St.  Louis;  from  thence  to 
Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  arriving  there  July  i,  1865. 
Joined  the  army  serving  on  the  Plains.  Arrived  at  Fort 
Kearney,  August  14th  ;  then  ordered  to  return  to  Fort 
Leavenworth,  S.'pt.  1,  186s.  where  the  regiment  was 
mustered  out  the  service  and  placed  <?«  route  U>x  .'spring- 
field,  111.,  for  final  payment  and  discharge  —  having 
served  four  years  and  four  months. 

Number  of  miles  marched 4200 

Number  of  miles  by  rail 2403 

Number  of  miles  by  steamer 4310 

Total  miles  traveled j,  012 

Number  of  men  joined  from  organization 1963 

Number  of  men  at  date  of  muster-out 640 

Lieutenant   Colonel   Edward    F.  Ellis,   com.    May    14, 

1861.     Killed  in  battle  of  Pittsburg  Landing. 
Adjutant  Cyrenus  C.  Clark,  com.  First  Lieutenant  Co. 

C,  May  14,  1861.    Promoted  Adjutant  Sept.  4,  1861. 

Transferred  to  Staff. 
Quartermaster   Sergeant   Jacob    H.    Read,   com.   Jan. 

I,    1864.     Transferred   to   Field  and   Staflf  Veteran 

Battalion. 

Company  A. 

Lyman  Chas.  W.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  24,  1864. 
Teisdale  Robt.  M.  e.  May  24,  i86i,  m.  o.  May  24,  1864. 

Company  B. 

Cleaver  Chas.  W.  e.  May  24,  1861.  disd.   Feb.  6,  1862, 

worthlessness. 
Dunham  Sam'l,  e.  May  24, 1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

I,  1864.     See  Co.  B,  Vet.  Bat. 
Hartman  H.  H.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Feb.  6,  '62,  disab. 
Hardy  Job  E.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  21,  '62,  disab. 
Rhodes  Milton,  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  24,  1864. 
Smith  Geo.  G.  e.  May  24,  iS6t,  re-enlisted  as  vet.,  m.o. 

May  30,  1865,  First  Sergeant. 
Westfall  Chas.  H.e.  May  24, '61,  trans. Co.  I,  May  29, '61. 

Vet.     Dis.  March  27,  1865. 

Briggs  D.  D.  disd.  Sept.  13,  1861,  disab. 

Eastman  E.  H.  e.  May  24,  '61,  died   July  27,  '62,  wds. 

Garrett  John  H.  e.  May  24, '61,  disd.  Oct.  18,  '62,disab. 

Hill  F.  R.  e.  May  24,  1861,  disab. 

Hardy  A.  W.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  June  i,  '62,  disab. 

Company  0. 

Captain  Holder  Brounell,  commissioned  May  14,  1861. 
Killed  at  battle  Pittsburg  Landing. 

Captain  Geo.  W.  Bradley,  commissioned  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, May  14,  1861.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant, 
Sept.  4,  1861.  Promoted  Captain,  April  7,  1862. 
Died  May  28,  1863. 

Captain  Hampden  S.  Cottel,  e.  as  Sergt.  May  24,  1861. 
Promoted  Second  Lieutenant,  Aug.  21,  1862.  Pro- 
moted Captain,  May  28,  1863.  Mustered  out  at 
consolidation. 

First  Lieutenant  Gideon  V;  Carr,  e.  as  private  May  24, 
i86i.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant,  April  7,  1862. 
Resigned  June  2,  1863. 

First  Lieutenant  Vilroy  Q.  Paxon,  e.  as  Corporal,  May 
24,  1861.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant,  June  2,  1863. 
Mustered  out  at  consolidation. 

Second  Lieutenant  OrviUe  T.  Andrews,  e.  as  Sergeant, 
May  24,  i86t.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant,  Sept. 
4,  1861.     Honorably  discharged,  Aug.  21,  1863. 

Sergt.  Lamar  H.  Lowe,  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  18, 
1862,  disab. 


320 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAR  RECORD. 


Corpl.  Wm.  H.  Lowe,  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Aug.  18, 

1862,  disab. 
Corpl.  Chancy  R.  Burch,   e.  May  24,   1861,  disd.  July 

28,  1862,  disab. 

Brown  G.  B.  e.  'May  24,  1861,  disd.  March  31,  '63,  disab. 
Bowman  John  A.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Oct.  30, '62, disab. 
Buckley  Wm.  T.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Oct.  30, "62, disab. 
Breen  Wm.  R.  e.  May  24,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  veteran, 

March  i,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  16,  1865. 
Bennett  D.  W.  e.  May  24,  1861. 

Bennett  Abel  H.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  4, '62, disab. 
Battershall  F.  H.  e.  May  24,  '61, disd.  Apl.  2S, '62, disab. 
Babcock  Geo.  W.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Benson  James,  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  23,  '61,  disab. 
Baltazer  A.  G.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Brown  Wm.  H.  e.  May  24,  '61,  kid.  Shiloh,  Apl.  6,  '62. 
Cook  Lewis,  e.  May  24,  1861,  died  Nov.  8,  1861. 
Crowell  F.  J.  e.  May  24,  i86i,  died  Oct.  18,  1S61. 
Cooledge  Jas.  M.   e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Coughtry  Wm.  e.  May  24,  1861,  kid.  Shiloh, Apl.  6,'62. 
Coughtry  Jas.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864.  • 
Conger  John  D.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Nov.  25, '61, disab. 
Compton  John,  e.  May  24,  1861,  died  May  18,  '62,  wds. 
Day  D.  W.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Douglas  Wallace,  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Eason   Elias  J.   e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  June  16.  1861, 

worthlessness. 
Falcon  A.  e.  May  24,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  veteran,  Jan. 

I,  1864,  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 
Horsman  Edw.  A.  e.  May  24, '61,  disd.  July  17, '62, disab. 
Haye  Z.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Hart  Win.  J.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Hunter  David,  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  8,  '61,  disab. 
Hambright  F.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Hart  Peter,  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  18,  1862. 
Hope  Walter  H.  e.  May  23,  1861,  trans,  to  Co,  C,  Vet. 

Bat. 
Hager  Patrick,  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Johnson  Frank,  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Dec.  16,  '62, disab. 
John  Wesley,  e.  May  24,  1S61,  disd.  Aug.  21,  '62, disab. 
Knapp  A.  W.  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  July  23,  '62, disab. 
Kilburn  Jas.  H.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Keel  C.  e.  May  24,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  veteran  Jan.  i, 

1864,  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 
King  Oscar,  e.  ]\Iay  24,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  15, 1861,  disab. 
Keeling  Geo.  e.  May  24,    1861,   re-enlisted   as   veteran 

Jan.  I,  1864,  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 
Lake  E.  E.  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Dec.  4,  1862,  disab. 
La  Barr  Wm.  H.  H.  e.  May  24,  1861,  kid.  by  lightning, 

May  25,  1861. 
Liddle  Jos.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Merchant  Abel  L.  e.  May  24,  1861,  died  Nov.  15,  1863. 
Marston  Geo.  W.  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  9, '62, disab.' 
Merchant  D.  C.  e.  May  24,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  veteran 

Jan.  I,  1864,  kid.  July  22,  1864. 
Mahon  James,  e.  May  24,  1861,  trans,  to  Invalid  Corps, 

Sept.  26,  1863. 
Needham  W.  O.  e.  May  24,  1861. 
Osborn  Edgar,  e.  May  24,  1861,  died  April  4,  1862. 
Owen  Jonathan,  e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.  Oct.  18,  '62, disab. 
Pritchard  Asa,  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Dec.  16, '62,disab. 
Peterson  F.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Royston  F.  B.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Riddington  Chas.  H.  e.  May  24,  iS6i,m.o.  May  25, '64. 
Read  Jacob  H.  e.  May  24,  1861,   re-enlisted  as  veteran 

Jan.  I,  1864,  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 
Roth  John,  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Spaulding  Geo.  H.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m,  o.  May  25,  '64. 
Smith  Samuel  K.  e.  May  24,  1861,   m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Starkey  W.  L.  e.  May  24,  1S61,  died  July  27,  1862. 
Simpson  Chas.  H.   e.  May  24,  '61,  disd.   Oct.  20,  '61, 

disab. 
Shores  L.  D.  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Nov.  29,  '62,  disab. 
Simpson  Peter,  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Tyler  C.  M.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Taylor  A.  C.  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Vance  John  E.  e.  May  24,  '61,  kid.  Shiloh,  Apl.  6,  '62. 
Wisner  H.  T.  e.  May  24,  1861,  disd.  Mch.31,   63,disab. 
Wells  Bennett,  e.  May  24,  1861. 
Willis  Frank,  e.  May  24,  1861,  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Ward  R.  L.  e.  May  24,    1861,   re-enlisted    as   veteran 
Jan.  I,  1864,  died  Nov.  18,  '64,  Andersonville  pris. 

Crawford  Jacob  M.  e,  Jan.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 
Wood  Newel  P.  e.  Jan.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 
Douglas  A.  e.  Sept.  16,  1861,  died  May  i,  1862,  wds. 
LaBarr  Chas.  G.  e.  May  28,  1861,  died  July  5,  '62,  wds. 
Weld  Arthur  E.  e.  Dec.  20,  1863,  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 


Company   F. 

Captain  Cyrenus  C.  Clark,  commissioned  Feb.  iS.  1862. 
Died  July  15,  1863. 

44t7i  Infantry. 

The  Forty-fourth  was  organized  in  August,  1861,  at 
Camp  Ellsworth,  Chicago,  under  the  supervision  of 
Col.  Chas.  Knoblesdorff,  and  was  mustered  into  setvice 
Sept.  13,  and  immediately  embarked  for  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Thence  on  22d  to  Jefferson  City.  On  2Qth  marched  to 
Sedalia,  and  was  assigned  to  Gen.  Sigel  s  famous  divi- 
sion. Oct.  13th  took  up  line  of  march  for  SpringfielS, 
Mo.  The  Forty-fourth  was  too  late  to  participate  in 
the  battle  of  Wilson  Creek.  It  then  moved  to  RoUa, 
where  it  encamped  for  the  winter.  Gen.  Curtis  having 
assumed  command,  on  Feb.  2d  the  Forty. fourth  moved 
toward  Springfield,  to  attack  Price's  army,  but  found 
him  gone ;  pursued  him  into  Arkansas.  The  two 
armies  concentrated  their  whole  strength  and  met  at 
Pea  Ridge,  where  a  bloody  battle  was  fought,  defeating 
the  enemy,  and  ii)  which  the  Forty-fourth  took  a  prom- 
inent part.  It  was  also  one  of  the  most  effective  regi- 
ments in  the  pursuit  of  the  retreating  rebels,  capturing 
one  stand  of  colors,  many  prisoners  and  several  pieces 
of  artillery.  Resumed  march  April  5  to  Forsythe,  Mo, 
and  Batesville,  Ark.,  where  the  army  was  re-organized, 
and  the  Forty-fourth  placed  in  Col.  Osterhaus'  brigade. 
It  thence  proceeded  to  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.,  and 
thence  by  steamerto  Pittsburg  Landing,  Tenn.,  where  it 
arrived  iVIay  26th,  and  proceeded  to  army  then  besieg- 
ing Corinth.  Two  days  after  arrival,  rebels  evacuated 
and  the  Forty-fourth  was  assigned  to  Gen.  Pope's 
command,  and  went  in  pursuit  of  the  fleeing  enemy. 

Was  in  camp  at  Rienzi,  Miss.,  two  months.  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  being  threatened,  the  Bngade,  under  com- 
mand of  Col.  Grensel,  marched  thither,  w  ere  it  ar- 
rived Sept.  ist,  and  on  the  17th  moved,  by  rail,  to 
Louisville.  Here  the  army  was  again  reorganized,  and 
the  Forty-fourth  assigned  to  the  Army  of  the  Ohio, 
under  Gen.  Buell.  and  was  in  the  battle  of  Perrj'sville, 
Oct.  Sth,  in  a  division  commanded  by  Gen.  P.  H. 
Sheridan.  Marched  to  Crab  Orchard  and  Bowling 
Green,  when  Gen.  Rosecrans  assumed  command. 

Marched  to  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  26.  Moved, 
with  the  army,  against  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  and  was 
attached  to  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Twen- 
tieth Army  Corps,  Col.  Shaffer  commanding  the  Brig- 
ade, Gen.  Sheridan  the  Division,  and  Gen.  McCook 
the  Corps. 

At  Stone  River  the  Forty-fourth  lost  half  its  number, 
in  killed  and  wounded. 

June  26,  1863,  was  engaged  at  Hoover's  Gap,  Shelby, 
ville,  and  Tallahoma,  Tenn.  Thence  it  moved  to 
Stevrnson  and  Bridgeport,  Ala.,  and  to  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.,  and  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 
In  the  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  soon  after.  Gen.  Sheri- 
dan gave  the  Forty-fourth  the  praise  of  placing  their 
flag  among  the  very  first  on  the  Rebel  works.  It  then 
made  a  forced  march  to  relieve  our  army  at  Knoxville, 
arriving  three  days  after  the  siege  was  raised.  The 
Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Corps  being  consolidated, 
the  Forty-fourth  was  assigned  to  the  Fourth  Corps, 
and  Gen.  F.  T.  Sherman  to  the  command  of  Brigade. 

After  many  marches  and  hardships  the  Forty-fourth 
arrived  at  Chattanooga,  Feb.  3,  1864,  and,  for  the  first 
time  in  four  months,  drew  full  rations  from  the  Gov- 
ernment. Here  the  regiment  re-enlisted  and  went 
home  on  veteran  furlough,  arriving  in  Chicago  March 
1st,  having  marched  during  its  term  of  enlistment  over 
5,000  miles. 

April  14th,  it  arrived  at  Nashville,  and  immediately 
marched  to  Chattanooga,  and  Irom  thence  entered  on 
the  memorable  Atlanta  campaign,  and  participated  in 
the  following  skirmishes  and  engagements  :  Buzzard 
Roost,  Rocky-Faced  Mountain,  Resaca,  Adairsville, 
Dallas,  New  Hope  Church,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Gulps 
Farm,  Chattahoochie  River,  Peach  Tree  Creek,  At- 
lanta, and  Jonesboro.  Its  movements  then  were  to 
Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  Athens,  Ala.  ,  Pulaska,  Tenn., 
and  from  thence  gradually  fell  back  on  Nashville, 
closely  pursued  by  the  enemy,  and  took  a  very  promi- 
nent part  in  the  battle  of  Franklin.  Thence  proceeded, 
via  Nashville,  to  Huntsville,  Ala.,  arriving  January  5, 
1865,  March  28th,  was  ordered  to  Knoxville,  thence  to 
Blue  Springs,  Tenn. 
After  the  surrender  of  the  Rebel  armies  the  Forty- 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   WAB   EECORD. 


321 


fourth  was  ordered  to  New  Orleans,  arriving  June  22d. 
It  then  moved,  by  steamer,  to  Port  Lavaca,  Texas, 
where  it  remained  until  Sept.  25th,  when  it  was  mus- 
tered out  and  proceeded  to  Springfield,  III.,  arriving 
Oct.  15,  1S65,  and  received  its  final  payment  and  dis- 
charge. 

Major  Luther  M.  Sabine,  com.  Captain  Co.  G  Aug. 
14,  1861.  Promoted  Major  Oct.  i,  1862.  Resigned 
Sept.  30,  1862. 

Major  Gustavus  Freysleben,  e.  as  Sergeant  Co.  G  Aug. 
I,  1861.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  Feb.  28, 
1S62.  Promoted  Captain  Co.  A  June  27,  1862. 
Promoted  Major  Sept.  30,  1864.  Resigned  (as 
Captain)  Feb.  24,  1865. 

Major  .AlonzD  \V.  Clark,  e.  as  First  Sergeant  Co.  G 
Aug.  I,  i86i.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  July 
17,  1862.  Pronioted  First  Lieutenant  Jan.  25,  1863. 
Promoted  Captain  Oct.  i,  1S62.  Promoted  Major 
May  10,  1S65.     Resigned  (as  Captain)  July  8,  1865. 

Sergeant  Major  Edgar  L  Davis,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861.  Re- 
duced to  ranks  Co.  E  Sept.  21,  1863. 

Quarter-Master  Sergeant  Isaac  I.  Hicks,  e.  Aug.  i,  '61. 

Principal  Musician  Gottfried  Neitzel,  e.  Aug.  24,  i86i. 
Mustered  out  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Principal  Musician  James  Jory,  e.  Jan.  i,  1864.  Mus- 
tered out  Sept.  25,  1865. 

Company  G. 

Captain  Nathan  Rundell,  e.  as  Corporal  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Re-enlisted  as  veteran  Jan.  i,  1864.  Promoted 
First  Lieutenant  Sept.  25,  1864.  Promoted  Cap- 
tain May  10,  1865.     Mustered  out  Sept.  25,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Randolph  D.  Hobart,  com.  Afig.  14, 
1861.     Resigned  April  19,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  Reuben  E.  Norton,  e.  as  Sergeant 
Aug.  I,  1861.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant  April 
ig,  1S62.     Resigned  Jan.  25,  1863. 

First  Lieutenant  Silas  B.  Merchant,  e.  as  private  Aug. 
I,    i86i.     Promoted    Second    Lieutenant   Jan.    25, 

1863.  Promoted    First    Lieutenant  Oct.   i,    1862. 
Resigned  Sept.  25,  1864. 

First  Lieutenant  HoUam  R.  Smith,  e.  as  private  Aug. 
I,  iS6i.  Re-enlisted  as  veteran.  Promoted  Ser- 
geant. Promoted  First  Lieutenant  May  10,  1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  25,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Robt.  Penman,  com.  Aug.  14,  1861. 
Resigned  Feb.  28,  1862. 

Second  Lieutenant  Edgar  J.  Davis,  e.  as  Sergeant 
Aug.  I,  1S61.  Promoted  Sergeant  Major.  Pro- 
moted Second  Lieutenant  Oct.  i,  1862.  Mustered 
out  as  Sergeant. 

Corpl.  Wm.  H.  Edgington,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  May 
2b,  1862. 

Corpl.  Jas.  J.  Sloat,  e.  Aug.i,'6i,disd.Oct.28,'63,disab. 

Corpl.  J.  B.  Jennings,  e.  Aug.  i,  '61,  m.  o.  Sept.  8,  '64. 

Corpl.  C.  R.  Wells,  e.  Aug.i,  '61,  died  Jan. 2,  '63,  wds. 

Musician  S.  B.  Hicks,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as 
vet.  Jan.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 

Wagoner  Thos.  Penman,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 

Comsy.  Sergeant  Henry  Adams,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died 
Oct.  23,  1861. 

Allen  Titus,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  April  23,  1862. 
Aiken  John,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 

Attwood  Geo.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  Jan.  ig,  1862. 
Abbott  Asbury,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  April  i8,  1864. 
Abbott  T.  J.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  Vet.,  m.o.  Sept.  25,  '65. 
Babcock  Floyd,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  June  28,  1864. 
Baker  C.  D.   e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  Nov.  25,  1863,  wds. 
Harsbee  Albert,  e.  Aug.  i.  i8fii. 
Heeler  Chas.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  killed  Dec.  31,  1862. 
Burgat  P.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,    trans,  to  Veteran   Reserve 

Corps,  April  22,  1864. 
Burgat  Andrew,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  at  Rolla,  Mo., 

Dec.  21,  1S61. 
Bartlett  James,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

1,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 
Bartholomew  A.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 

Colby  Henry,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  at  Keetsville,  Mo. 
Crawford  Levi  L.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  at  Rolla,  Mo., 

Nov.  28,  1861. 
Christian  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  killed  at  Stone  River, 

Dec.  31,  1862. 
Colins  Theo.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 
1864,  in.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 


Coons  C.  C.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  trans,  to  Veteran  Reserve 

Corps,  April  30,  1864. 
Cowan  Robt.  e.  Aug.  i,  '61,  died  at  Rolla,   Mo.,   Dec. 

23,  1861. 
Coleman  John,  e.  Aug.  i,  i86i,  disd.  Feb.  1862. 
Chaniplin  Joel,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  Jan.  ig,  '63,  wds. 
Cummings  Jos.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  Jan.  i,  1862. 
Dobson  Albert,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Don  Thos.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  9,  1862. 
Furgeson  Isaiah,   e.  Aug.  i,   1861,    re-enlisted   as   vet. 

Jan.  I,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1863. 
Fisher  Henry,  e    Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

I,  1864,  killed  in  Georgia.  May  17,  1864. 
Fulner  Michael,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  Feb.  4,  '64,  wds. 
Gray  D.  P.  e.  Aug. i,'6t, died  at  Rolla,  Mo.,Dec.28,'6i. 
Godding  Asa,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  March,  1862. 
Goodrich  M.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  died  Dec.  21,  1862. 
Gifford  A.   e.  Sept.  i,   1861,   re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  i86^. 
Hanks  Wm.  H.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  Aug.  i,  1862. 
Hart  Adam,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re. enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865,  3S  Sergt. 
Hart  Wm.  e.  Aug.  i,  i86i.  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 
Hubbard   Daniel,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C, 

Aug.  I,  1863. 
Handlein  Thos.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 

Johnson  W.  e. Aug. i, '61, died  at  Rolla, Mo., Nov. 26, '6i. 
Jury  James,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  prmt.  Principal  Musician. 
Knapp  Geo.  W.   e.  Aug.   i,  1861,   re-enlisted   as   vet. 

Jan.  I,  1864,  died  June  28,  1864,  wds.        * 
Merchant  A.  J.  e.  Aug.  i,  i;6i,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

I,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 
Mead  R.  J.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  Nov.  30,  1861. 
Makepeace  C.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

I,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Murphy  John,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  Jan.  25,  '63,  wds. 
Moses  Theo.  W.  e.  Aug.i,  '61,  disd.  May  24,'62,  Sergt. 
Naurtc  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Norton  Marcus,  e.  Sept.  i,  i86i. 
Porter  James,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Parish  Wm.  H.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  trans,  to  First  Mo.  Lt. 

Art.,  April,  1862. 
Rogers  Chas.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Rogers  O.  C.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 
Ramsdell  N.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re^enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 
Rising  Austin,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  18,  1862. 
Seely  Chas.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Sherman  Jas.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Shields  Thos.  A.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  at  Rolla,  Mo., 

Dec.  22,  1861. 
Sawyer  E.   e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  186!;,  as  Sergt. 
Searls  Stephen,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

I,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Streeter  W.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  disd.  March,  1862. 
Underbill  David,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Vinton  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  Dec.  31,  1864. 
Vanastein  John  W.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  missing  in  action, 

at  Stone  River,  Dec.  31,  1862. 
Vanbroklin  Don,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Washburne  Henry,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Willmott  Geo.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861. 
Wilson    Nathan,   e.    Aug.   i,  i8'^i,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Jan.  I,  1864,  m.  o.  July  24,  1865. 
Willie  Thos.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i, 

1864,  absent  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Young  Wm.  G.  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

1,  1864,  died  July,  1864,  wds. 
Zorn  Philip,  e.  Aug.  i,  1861,  died  Andersonville  Prison 
March  24,  i86i. 

Dale  Homer  T.  e.  March  23,  1864,  m.  o.  June  22,  1865. 
HuffWm.  e.  March  23,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865. 
Hobart  Wm.  e.  March  21,  '64,  m.o.  Sept.  23, '6s,  Corpl. 
Miller  Wm.  H.  e. March  3i,'64,m.o.  Sept.  25, '65, Corpl. 
Norton  R.'C.  e.  Mch.  23,  '64.  prmt.  Hospital  Steward. 

Company  I. 

First  Lieutenant  Thos.  J.  Abbott,  e.  as  private  Aug.  i, 
1861.  Re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  I,  1864.  Promoted 
Sergeant,  then  First  Lieutenant,  Sept.  13,  1864. 
Mustered  out  Sept  25,  1865. 


322 


AVlNNEBAGO    COUNTY   WAK   KEOORD, 


45th  Infantry, 

The  Wasliburne  Lead  Mine  Regiment  was  organized 
at  Chicago,  111.,  Dec.  25,  1861,  by  Col.  John  E.  Smith, 
and  mustered  into  the  United  States'  service  as  the 
Forty-fifth  Infantry  Illinois  Volunteers.  Jan.  15,1862, 
moved  to  Cairo,  111.  February  ist,  assigned  to  Brigade 
of  Col.  W.  H.  L.  Wallace,  Division  of  Brig.  Gen.  Mc- 
Clernand.  February  4th,  landed  beloA'  Fort  Henrj',on 
the  Tennessee,  and  on  the  6th  marched  into  the  fort,  it 
having  been  surrendered  to  the  gun-boats.  February 
nth,  moved  toward  Fort  Donelson,  ar.d  during  the  suc- 
ceeding days  bore  its  part  of  the  suffering  and  of  the 
battle.  The  flag  of  the  Forty-fifth  was  the  first  planted 
on  the  enemy's  works.  Loss — 2  killed  and  26  wounded. 
March  4th,  moved  to  the  Tennessee  river,  and  nth, 
arrived  at  Savannah.  Was  engaged  in  the  expedition 
to  Pin  Hook.  March  zsth,  moved  to  Pittsburg  Land- 
ing, and  encamped  Viear  Shiloh  Church. 

The  Forty-fifth  took  a  conspicuous  and  honorable 
part  in  the  two. days'  battle  of  Shiloh,  losing  26  killed 
and  igg  wounded  and  missing — nearly  one. half  of  the 
regiiiient.  April  12th,  Col.  John  E.  Smith,  of  the 
Forty-fifth,  took  command  of  the  Brigade.  During 
the  seige  of  Corinth,  the  regiment  was  in  the  F  irst  Bri- 
gade, Third  Division,  Reserve  Army  of  the  Tennessee, 
and  bore  its  full  share  of  the  labors  and  dangers  of  the 
campaign.  June  4th,  the  regiment  was  assigned  to 
Third  Brigade,  and  moved  toward  Purdy,  fifteen  miles. 
On  the  5th,  marched  to  Bethel;  7th,  to  Montezuma, 
and  on  the  8th  to  Jackson,  Tenn.,  the  enemy  flying  on 
its  approach. 

During  the  months  of  June  and  July,  engaged  in 
garrison  and  guard  duty.  August  nth,  assigned  to 
gnarding  railroad,  near  Toon's  Station.  On  the  31st, 
after  much  desperate  fighting.  Companies  C  and  D 
were  captured.  The  remainder  of  the  regiment,  con- 
centrating at  Toon's  Station,  were  able  to  resist  the  at- 
tack of  largely  outnumbering  forces.  Loss — 3  killed,  13 
wounded  and  43  taken  prisoners.  September  17th, 
moved  to  Jackson  ;  November  2d,  to  Bolivar,  and  was 
assigned  to  First  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Right  Wing, 
Thirteenth  Army  Corps.  Nov.  3,  1862,  marched  from 
Bolivar  to  Van  Buren  ;  4th,  to  Lagrange,  and  were  as- 
signed to  Provost  duty  ;  28th,  marched  to  Holly 
Springs  ;  December  3d,  to  Waferford  ;  4th,  to  Abbe- 
ville ;  5th,  to  Oxford,  t j  Yocona  river,  near  Spring 
Dale. 

Communications  with  the  north  having  been  cut  off, 
foraged  on  the  country  for  supplies.  December  17th, 
notice  received  of  the  promotion  of  Col.  John  E.  Smith 
to  Brigadier  General,  ranking  from  November  29th  ; 
December  22d,  returned  to  Oxford  ;  24th,  moved  to  a 
camp  three  mil  s  north  of  Abbeville,  on  the  Talla- 
hatchie river,  where  the  regiment  remained  during  the 
month.  Mustered  out  July  12,  1865,  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
and  arrived  at  Chicago  July  15,  1865,  for  final  payment 
and  discharge. 

Colonel  Robt.  P.  Sealey,  com.  First  Lieutenant  Co.  F. 
Sept.  17.  1861.  Promoted  Captain  Co.  G,  Nov.  i. 
1861.  Promoted  Lieutenant  Colonel  June  28,  1863. 
Promoted  Colonel  Aug.  4,  1863.  Honorably  dis- 
charged (as  Lieut.  Col.)  Jan.  10,  1865. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Melancthon  Smith,  com.  Major 
Oct.  31,  1861.  Promoted  Lieutenant  Colonel  Nov. 
29,  1862.     Died  of  wounds. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Jas.  J.  Palmer,  com.  First  Lieuten- 
ant Co.  F,  Dec.  2g,  1861.  Promoted  Captain  April 
8,1862.  Promoted  Major  Jan.  10, 1865.  Promoted 
Lieutenant  Colonel  July  13,  1865.  Mustered  out 
(as  Major)  July  12,  1865. 

Adjutant  Giles  H  Bush,  com.  Jan.  21,  1863.  Resigned 
Sept.  22,  1864.  Re-entered  service  as  Captain  of 
147th  Regiment. 

Quartermaster  Evans  Blake,  com.  Nov.  25,  1861.  Re- 
signed Jan.  31,  1865. 

First  Assistant  Surgeon  Wm.  Lyman,  com.  Second  As- 
sistant Surgeon  Sept.  5,  1862.  Promote  1  First 
Assistant  Surgeon  March  21,  1863.  Resigned  July 
9,  1863. 

First  Assistant  Surgeon  John  Conant,  com.  Second 
Assistant  Surgeon  April  28,  1863  Promoted  First 
Assistant  Surgeon  July  9,  1863.  Resigned  Dec. 
26,  1863. 

Commissary  Sergeant  John  Travis,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861. 
Killed  at  Fort  Donelson  Feb.  15,  1862. 

Commissary  Sergeant  H.  M.  Thomas,  e.  April  21,1862. 
Drowned  Sept.  29,  1863. 


Commissary  Sergeant  Geo.  A.  Sealey,  e.  Sept.  17, 1861. 

Mustered  out  July  12,  1865. 
Hospital   Steward   Wm.   M.   Lyman,  e.   Jan.   5,    1864. 

Mustered  out  July  12,  1865. 
Principal   Musician  P.  W.  Copeland,  e.  Sept.  17,1861. 

Promoted  Prin.  Musician  Jan.  3,  1864.      Mustered 

out  July  12,  1865. 

Company  B. 

Creesler  Alfred,  e.  Sept.  6,   1861,   re-enlisted  as  vet., 

prmt.  Principal  Mu-.ician. 
Davis  W.  F.  e.  Mch.  31,  1864.  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Thomas  H.  W.  e.  April  21,  1862,  drowned  Sept.  29, '63. 

Company  C. 

Corpl.  Jas.  W.  Gear,  e.  Sept.  2,  1861,  disd.  July  14, 
1862,  wds. 

Beldin  Wm.    W.   e.  Sept.  2,  1861,   died  at  Savannah, 

Tenn.,  May  4,  1862. 
Casey  John,  e.  Oct.  2,  1861,  kid.  at  Shiloh  Apr.  7,  '62. 
Webber  V.  e.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o,  July  12,  1865. 
Callaghan  Peter,  e.  Oct.  8,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  i86s. 
Ostrander  Jerome,  e.  Feb.  15,  1864,  m.o.  July  12,  1865. 

Company  D. 

Flannigan  Francis,  e.  Sept.  21,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Dec.  19, 1863,  m.o.  July  12,  1865. 
Callahan  Peter,  e  Oct.  8,  1864. 
Haveland  Chas.  H.  Sept.  21,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Taylor  O.  e.  Oct.  7,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 

Company  F. 

Captain  Alfred  Johnson,  com.  Dec.  29,  iS5i.  Died 
April  7,  1862. 

Captain  Jos.  R.  Baxter,  e.  as  Corpl.  Sept.  21,  1861. 
Re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  5,  1864.  Promoted  First 
Sergeant,  then  First  Lieutenant  Dec.  28,  1864.  Pro- 
moted Captain  July  9,  1865.  Mustered  out  (as 
First  Lieutenant)  July  12,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Jos.  Ludley,  e.  as  Corpl.  Nov.  22, 
1861.  Re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  5, 1864.  Com.  First 
Lieutenant  July  9,  1865.  Mustered  out  (Sergeant) 
July  12,  1865. 

Sergt.  Thos.  P.  Clogston,  e.  Sept.  30,  1861,  disd.  at 
Chicago,  wds. 

Corpl.  L.  F.  C.  Breezier,  e.  Oct.  17,  1861,  kid.  at 
Vicksburg,  June  5>5,  1865. 

Corpl.  Emil  A.  Stahn,  e.  Oct.  21,  1861,  re-enlisted  as 
vet.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865,  as  Sergt. 

Musician  Orrin  Pettengill,  e.  Nov.  20,  1861,  deserted 
March  16,  1862.      ' 

Allen  Daniel  M.  e.  Oct.  9,  1861,  re-enhsted  as  vet.  Jan. 

5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Bassett  L.  S.  D.  e.  Sept.  30.  i86i,  died  March  15,  1862. 
Baxter  Richard,  e.  Sept.  24,   1861,   re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Beals   H.   G.  e.  Nov.  23,  1861,  deserted  Dec.  27,  1864, 

second  desertion. 
CoUas  Chas.  e.  Dec.  2,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  5, 

1864,  died  May  9,  1864. 
Durno  Wm.  e.  Nov.  22,  1861,  died  at  Savannah,  Tenn., 

wounds.  ' 

Eckart  John,  e.  Dec.  q,  i86r,  died  March  16,  i86z. 
Finning  Theo.  e.  Oct.  18,  '61,  disd.  Feb.  i,  '63,  disab. 
Henning  Albert,   e.  Oct.  4,   1861,  dropped  from  rolls,  . 

Aug.  18,  1862. 
Hildebrand  Theo  e.  Oct.  12,  1861.  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  died  June  18,  1864. 
Holtz  H.  e.  Oct.  7,  61,  dropped  from  rolls  Aug.  18, '62. 
Hall  Geo.  e.  Oct.  31,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.   Dec.  19, 

1863,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Kane  Thos.  e.  Sept.  25,  1861,  dishonorably  disd.   May 

16,  1862. 
Lord  L.  T.  e.  Dec.  16,  '61,  m.  o.  Dec.  29,  '64,  term  ex. 
Lindar  Edgar  T.  e.  Oct.    17,  1861,  dropped  from    rolls 

Aug.  18,  1862. 
Losk  Otto,  e.  Dec.  2, '61,  wounded  at  Shiloh,  disd. 
Lutz  Jos.  e.  March  30,  1864,  died  April  12,  1865  in  the 

field. 
Minning  Wm.  e.  Oct.  7,  1861. 

Morties   Albert,  e.  Dec.  2, '61,  wounded  at  Shiloh,  di=d. 
Packard  Chas.  E.  e.  Oct.  30,  1861,  died  at  St.    Louis, 

May  14,  1863. 


WINWEBAGO   COTINTY   WAR   RECORD. 


323 


Primer  John  M.  e.   Nov.   14,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Dec.  i8,  1863,  disd.  June  19,  1865. 
Rutzier  Henry,  e.  Oct.  7,  i86i,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec. 

JO,  1863,  m.  o.  July  12, 1865,  as  Corpl. 
Roboins  Samuel  M.  e.  Nov.  20,  1861,   kid.   at  Shiloh 

April  6,  1862. 
Rolfe  John,  e.  Sept.  27,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  5,  » 

1864,  died  Oct.  26,  1864. 
Rowles  H.  D.  e.  Nov.  18,  1861,  disd.  May  16,  1862. 
Rian  Chas.  e.  Nov.  16,  '61,  disd.  July  24,  1862.  disab. 
Shoemaker  H.W.  e.  Oct.  21,  '61,  disd.  Oct.i4,'62,disab. 
Simmons  T.  J.  e.  Oct.  19,  i86i. 
Stahn  E.  A.  vet. ,  e.  Jan.  5,  1864,   m.  o.   July  12,  1865, 

as  Sergeant. 
Torry  Thos.  J.  e.  Oct.  3,  1861,  disd.  July  7,  1862,  wds. 
Walker  A.   F.  e.   Oct.    12,   1861,  died  at  Mound  City, 

March  8,  1862. 
Ward  Lyman  vet.,  e.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  '65. 
Weichbroeld  A.  e.  Oct.  20,  1861 . 


Company  G. 

Captain  Syna  M.  Budlong,  e.  as  First  Sergeant  Sept. 
17,  1861.  Corn.  Second  Lieutenant  Dec.  i,  1861. 
Promoted  First  Lieutenant  June  i,  1S62.  Promoted 
Captain  June  28,  1863.     Detached. 

First  Lieutenant  Dennis  W.  Griffin,  com.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant Co.  F,  Sept.  7,  1S61.  Promoted  First  Lieu- 
tenant Nov.  I,  i86i.     Resigned  June  i,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  Leander  Bander,  e.  as  Sergeant  Sept. 
17,  1S61.  Promoted  Sergeant,  then  Second  Lieu- 
tenant June  28,  1863.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant 
Jan.  21,  1863.     Mustered  out  July  12,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Geo.  A.  Sealey,  e.  as  private  Sept. 

17,  1861.  Promoted  Commissary  Sergeant.  Pro- 
moted Second  Lieutenant  July  9,  1865.  Mustered 
out  (as  Com.  Sergt.)  July  12,  1865. 

Sergt.  Freeman  C.  Brooks,  e.  Sept.  17,  i86i,disd.  Apl. 

24,  1862.  disab. 
Sergt.  A.  H.  Peates,   e.    Sept.    17,   1861,  disd.  Aug.  7, 

1862,  wds. 
Sergt.  John  D.  Blaisdell,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,   re-enlisted 

as  Vet.  Jan.  5,  1864,  disd.  Sept.  26,  1864,  disab. 
Corpl.  Berkett  G.  Jennings,   e.    Sept.    17,    1861,   disd. 

Aug.  I,  1862,  wds. 
Corpl.  D.  McNeilage,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  kid.  at  Shiloh, 

April  7,  1862. 
Corpl.  H.  D.  Merrill,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  m.  o.  Sept.  29, 

1864,  term  ex. 
Corpl.  Bradley  M.  Flint,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,    re-enlisted 

as  Vet.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Corpl.  Chas.  W.  Hogedon,  e.  Sept.   17,   1861,  deserted 

April  II,  1862. 
Corpl.  D.  H.  Kingsley,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861. 
Corpl.  A.  Houghtaling,  e.  Sept.  17,  '61.  disd.  Jan.  iq,'63. 
Musician  Wm.  A.  Moore,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Sept. 

18,  1863,  disab. 

Musician  Wm.  H.  Tripp,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted 
as  Vet.  Dec.  19,  1863,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 

Anderson  W.  H.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Anderson  A.  P.  e.   .Sept.  17,   1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Dec.  19,  1863,  ^-  °-  July  12,  1865. 
Adams  C.  e    Nov.  6,  i85i,  disd.  Mch.  18,  1863,  disab. 
Burch  Nathan  E.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Dec.  19.  1863,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Benson  Benj.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Dec. 

19,  1863,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 

Burd  A    J.  e.  Sept.  17,    1861,   trans,    to   Invalid  Corps 

Sept.  15.  1863. 
Butterfield  E.  e.  Sept.  17, 1861,  disd.  Apl.  23,  '62,  disab. 
Barros  Chas.  H.  e.  Sept.   17,    1861,   re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Bixby  Luther  C.  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  July  23,'62, disab. 
Baker  E.  C.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd    May  16,  1862. 
Baker  David,  e.  Sept.  17.  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Jan. 

2,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Benham  Wm.  R.  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  ii,'62,wds. 
Bunt  Adam  A.   e.  Sept.  17,    1861,   m.  o.  Nov.  9,  1864, 

term  ex. 
Birkitt  Smith,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Jan. 

4,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Barnes  Wm.  E.  e.  Nov.  6,  '61,  disd.  Nov.  10, '62, disab. 
Copeland  Jos.  A.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Oct.  17,  1863, 

to  receive  promotion  as  2d  Lieut,  ist  Tenn.  Art. 
Cline  D.  M.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  May  2,  1862,  disab. 
Campbell  John,  e.  Sept.  17,  '6i,  disd.  July  25, '62,  wds. 


Chandler  D.  C.  e.  Sept.    17,    1861,   re  enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Champ  Frederick,  e.  S  pt.  17,  1861,  died  Mch.  10.  '62. 
Chandler  Isaac  S.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  M..y  18.  1862. 
Davis  Albert  S.  e.  Sept.    17,    1861,   re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.   July  12,  1865. 
Drake  Thomas,  e.  Sept.  17, 1861,  disd.  May  2. '62, disab. 
Davis  Wm.  G.  e.  Sept.  17,  i86i,disd.  May  10, '62, disab. 
Day  Lucius  S.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Aug.  14, ''12. disab. 
Flint  Chas  P.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Jan. 

5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12.  1865. 
Follett  Geo.  L.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  trans,  to  Vet.  Reserve 

Corps,  Oct.  2g,  1863. 
Goodlandar  H.  e.  Sept.  17, '61,  disd.  Sept.  22. '62, disab. 
Guiles  Milo,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Jan. 

5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Gile  Thos.  M.  e.  Nov.  6,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Jan. 

S,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Hard  Ciiles  C.  e.  Sept.   17,  1861,   disd.  Sept.   29,  1864, 

term  ex. 
Holmes  Henry  H.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Sept.  29,  1864, 

term  ex. 
Henry  Geo.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  kid.  at  Shiloh  Apl.  6, '62. 
Himes  Geo.  L.  e.  Sept.    17,    1861,   dishonorably   disd. 

June  7,  1862. 
Hayes  Wm.  H.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Sept.  29,  1862, 

term  e.x. 
Hallenbeck  S.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  in  1862. 
Hallenbeck  Geo.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Sept.  29,  1864, 

term  ex. 
Johnson  Norman  F.  e.  Sept.  17,    1861,   re-enlisted  as 

Vet.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Lyman  D.  J.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Jan. 

2,  1864,  m.  o.  July  31,  1865. 
LaGrange  F.  W.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,    re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  2,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Lamont  Thos.  J.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  in  1862. 
Lagrange  Conrad,  e.  Sept.  17, 1861,  kid.  at  Shiloh,  April 

7,  1862. 
Marchant  Lewis,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  m.  o.  Sept.  29, 1864, 

term  ex. 
McMillen   R.  L.  e.  Sept.  17,   1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Martin  Gustavus,  e.  Sept.   17,  1861,  died  at  Vicksburg, 

Miss.,  Sept.  28,  1863. 
Mumby  Edw.  H.  e.  Nov.  6,  1861,  disd.  in  1862. 
Newton  Z.  M.  e.  Nov.  6,  i86i,  died  at  St.  Louis,  April 

19,  1862. 
Price  Chas.  N.  e.  Sept.  17,  iS5i,disd.  Dec,  i2,'62,dissb. 
Parker  John  W.  e.  Sept.   17,   iS6t.   re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  4,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Purdon  Geo.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  May  i, '62,  disab. 
Passon  Wm.  H.  e.  Sept.   17,  1861.   re-enlisted   as  Vet. 

Jan.  4,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Passon  H.  A.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  July  2,  1862,  wds. 
Parent  E.  F.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Dec.  26,  1863. 
Phelps  Silas  M.  e.  Sept.    17,    1861,   re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  5.  1S64,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Rowley  Daniel,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,   disd.   in  1862,   sup- 
posed died. 
Rowley  Edwin,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  died  at  Chicago,  Jan. 

2,  1862. 
Royce  Geo.  L.  e.  Sept.  17,  i86i,disd.  Jan.  i2,'62,disab. 
Ryan  Wm.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Aug.  i,   1862,  disab. 
Richardson  R.  e.    Sept.  17,    1861,   re-enlisted   as   Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1S65. 
Stearns  L.  A.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861.  re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Dec. 

19,  1863,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Sutton  Edw.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  died  at  St.  Louis,  .^pril 

5.  1863. 
Stringer  A.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  trans,   to   Invalid  Corps, 

Sept.  15,  1863. 
Sovereign  Davis  A.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  Nov.  3, '62, 

disab. 
Travis  John,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  kid.  at  Ft.   Donelson, 

Feb.  15,  1862. 
Tripp  Tompkins,  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  i, '62, disab. 
Tufts  Simeon,  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  April  23,  '62,  disab. 
Vanston  Samuel,  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  May  i, '64. disab. 
Watson  Edward,  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  Feb.  ii,'64.dlsab. 
Watterson   James,   e.    Sept.    17,    1861,  kid.  at  Shiloh, 

April  6,  1862. 
Webster  Hiram,  e.  Sept.   17,  1861.  re-enlisted   as  Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Welch  John,  e.  Sept.  19,  1861,  disd.  Mch.  2i,'63,  disab. 
Wilmarth  Jos.  S.  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  Oct.27,'62,disab. 
Washburne  I,  e.  Sept.  17,  i86i,  wounded  by  accidental 

discharge  of  gun  at  battle  of  Ft.  Donelson. 


324 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAB  KECOED. 


Blaisdell  J  no.  D.  e.  Jan.  5,  1864,  disd.  Sept.    26,    1864, 

Sergeant,  disab. 
Lyman  Wm.  M.  e.  Jan.   5,  1864.      Promoted   Hospital 

Steward. 
Fish  Daniel  W.  e.  Jan.  4,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Hays  Jos.  M.  e.  Jan.  3,  1862,  m.  o.  Jan.  10,  1865. 
Lyman  Wm.  H.  e.    Dec.    17,    1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet. 

Jan.  5,  1864,  promoted  Hospital  Stewa'-d. 
Parker  Geo.  A.  e.  Feb.  23,  i''J63,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Ryan  Wm.  e.  Nov.  27,  '63,  Vet.  recruit,  m.o.July  i2,'65. 
Ryan  John  W.  e.  Jan.  25,  1864,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Squire  J  as.  W.  e.  Jan.  27,  1865,  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 
Squire  Daniel,  e.  Feb.  24,  1864,  m.  o.  June  12,  1865. 

5 2d  Ififantry, 

The  Fifty-Second  Infantry  Illinois  Volunteers  was 
organized  at  Geneva,  Kane  county,  Illinois,  in  Novem- 
ber, 1861,  by  Colonel  J.  G.  Wilson,  and  mustered  into 
United  States'  service  November  19th,  by  Lieutenant 
J.  Christopher. 

November  28th,  moved  with  945  men  to  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  and  went  into  quarters  at  Benton  Barracks.  Here 
Col.  Wilson  resigned.  December  8th,  the  regimei  t, 
Lieut.  Col.  J.  S.  Wilcox  commanding,  moved  to  St. 
Joseph,  Mo.  Jan.  16,  1862,  moved  to  Cairo,  via  Pal- 
mvra,  Quincy  and  Mississippi  river.  January  24th, 
moved  to  Smithland.  February  7th,  T.  W.  Sweeny 
was  commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Fifty-second.  Feb. 
10,  1862,  embarked  for  Fort  Donelson,  and  arrived  17th; 
i8th,  was  sent  with  prisoners  to  Chicago.  March  7th, 
arrived  at  St.  Louis.  March  13th,  left  for  Army  of  the 
Tennessee,  and  20th,  disembarked  at  Pittsburg  Land- 
ing, and  were  assigned  to  Third  Brigade,  Second  Di- 
vision, Col.  Sweeny  commanding  Brigade  and  Gen. 
Smith  the  Division. 

The  regiment  look  a  prominent  part  in  the  battle  of 
Shiloh,  April  6th  and  7th,  losing  170  killed,  woumled 
and  missing — Major  Stark  commanding  first  day  and 
Captain  Bowen  on  the  second.  The  regiment  was  en- 
gaged in  the  siege  of  Corinth,  May,  1862.  Pursued  the 
retreating  enemy  to  Booneville,  Miss.,  and  returned  to 
Corinth,  where  the  regiment  remained  until  the  battle 
of  Corinth,  October  3d  and  4th.  Was  heavily  engaged 
in  this  action.  Col.  Sweeny  commanding  the  regiment — 
the  loss  being  70  killed  and  wounded.  Pursued  the  re- 
treating enemy  as  far  as  Ruckerville,  and  returned  12th. 
October  13th,  moved  to  Hatchie  river,  and  returned. 
Dec.  9,  1862,  moved  with  an  expedition  to  Alabama. 
Met  the  enemy  near  Little  Bear  cieek,  drove  him  15 
miles,  and  returned  to  Corinth,  arriving  14th.  Decem- 
ber 19th,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Wilcox,  left 
Corinth,  with  the  expedition  of  Gt-n.  G.  M.  Dodge,  to 
intercept  Forrest.  Marched  100  miles,  in  four  and  one- 
half  days,  and  returned,  weary  and  foot-sore.  Jan.  2, 
1863,  moved  to  Tefinessee  river,  to  intercept  Forrest, 
as  he  had  already  crossed  Crump's  Landing.  Expedi- 
tion returned.  January  26th,  moved  to  Hamburg, 
Tenn.;  embarked  on  a  Jittle  steamer,  and  on  the  next 
day,  disembarked  and  returned  to  Corinth.  Feb.  25, 
1863,  moved.  Major  Bowen  commanding  r-giment.  Col. 
Sweeny  commanding  expedition,  to  Jacinto,  Miss. 
Arrived  27th.  Remained  until  March  4th,  when  it  re- 
turned to  Corinth. 

On  the  15th  of  April,  Lieut.  Col.  Wilcox  command- 
ing legiment,  moved  with  an  expedition  of  four  Brig- 
ades of  Infantry,  one  of  Cavalry,  and  fourteen  pieces 
of  artillery.  Brig.  Gen.  G.  M.  Dodge  commanding,  to 
Northern  Alabama.  Marched  to  BurnsviUe  on  the  15th; 
through  luka  on  the  i6th;  crossed  Bear  creek  on  the 
17th — Col.  Cornyn's  cavalry  skirmishing  with  the 
enemy. 

April  20th,  Col.  Sweeny  promoted  to  Brigadier  Gen- 
eral. 23d,  the  whole  force  advanced,  driving  the  enemy. 
That  night  lay  in  line  of  battle.  24th,  moved  forward 
and  entered  I'uscumbia,  Ala.  April  27th,  moved  to- 
ward Courtland.  Met  the  enemy  at  Town  creek,  and 
skirmished  till  night.  28th,  gained  possession  of  the 
railroad  bridge,  effected  a  crossing,  and  drove  the  enemy 
three  miles.  29th,  returned,  arriving  in  Corinth,  May 
2,  1863.  August  18th,  moved  to  Germantown,  and  regi- 
ment assigned  to  guarding  railroad.  October  29th, 
moved  to  luka;  31st,  bivouacked  three  and  a  half  miles 
east  of  luka.  November  6th,  the  whole  Left  Wing  of 
the  Sixteenth  Corps  moved  eastward.  Arrived  at 
Eastport  and  crossed  the  Tennessee.  November  nth, 
arrived  at  Pulaski,  Tenn.  Remained,  doing  provost 
duty.  January  pth,  three-fourths  of  the  regiment  hav- 
ing re-enlisted,  it  was  mustered  as  a  veteran  organiza- 


tion. Started  for  Illinois,  and  arrived  at  Chicago, 
January  17th.  Proceeded  to  Geneva,  Kane  county, 
and  was  furloughed,  20th.  February  24th,  moved  for 
Pulaski,  Tenn.,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  E.  A. 
BoweH,  Col.  Wilco.x  having  resigned.  Arrived  at  Pu- 
laski, 29th.  April  29th,  in  Col.  E.  W.  Rice's  Brigade 
(Firs^  Brigade),  Gen.  Sweeny's  Division  (Second),  Left 
Wing,  Maj.  Gen.  G.  M.  Dodge,  Sixteenth  Army  Corps. 
Moved  southward,  arriving  at  Chattanooga,  May  2d. 
May  3d,  1864.  commenced  the  Atlanta  campaign.  The 
regiment  participated  in  the  battles  of  Snake  Creek 
Gap,  Resaca  Lay's  Ferry,  Rome  Cross  Roads,  Dallas, 
Kenesaw  Mountain,  Nickajack  Creek,  Decatur,  July 
22d  and  28th,  before  Atlanta  and  Jonesboro,  and  went 
into  camp  at  East  Point.  September  26th,  1864,  the 
Second  Division,  Left  Wing,  Sixteenth  Army  Corps, 
was  transferred  to  Fourth  Division,  Fifteenth  Army 
Corps,  moved  to  Rome,  and,  by  rail,  to  Cartersville  ; 
and  from  thence  marched  to  Ailatoona.  Arriving  too 
late  for  the  battle,  it  returned  to  Rome.  October  nth, 
Lieut.  Col.  Bowen  being  mustered  out.  Major  Boyd 
took  command. 

The  regiment  marched  with  the  Division,  Brevet 
Major  General  J.  M.  Corse  commanding,  to  Savannah, 
Ga.  December  i8th,  the  non-veteran  officers  were 
mustered  out,  and  J.  D.  Davis,  having  received  a  com- 
mission as  Lieutenant  Colonel,  took  command  of  the 
regiment.  December  21st,  marched  into  Savannah. 
Jan.  29,  1865,  started  on  the  Carolinas  campaign.  Was 
present  at  the  battle  of  Bentonville,  and  arrived  at 
Goldsboro,  March  24th.  April  loth,  marched  to 
Raleigh.  Lay  at  Morrisville  during  Johnson's  surren- 
der. Marched,  via  Richmond  and  Alexandria,  and 
was  in  the  grand  review  at  Washington,  May  24,  1865. 
June  2d,  moved  to  Louisville,  Ky.  July  5th,  mustered 
out  of  United  States'  service.  Moved  to  Camp  Doug- 
las, Chicago,  111.,  and  received  final  payment  and  dis- 
charge, July  12,  1865. 

Major  Wesley  Boyd,  com.  Captain  Co.  E  Nov.  23, 1861. 

Promoted  Major   March    11,  1863.     Term   expired 

Dec.  18,1864. 
Adjutant  Edward  Brainard,  com.  First  Lieutenant  Co. 

E    Nov.    23,   1861.     Promoted   Adjutant   Sept.   13, 

1862.  Killed  in  battle  of  Hatchie,  Oct.  3,  1862. 

Company  E. 

Captain  DeWitt  C.  Hurd,  e.  as  Sergeant,  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  June  7,  1862.  Pro- 
moted First  Lieutenant  Sept.  13,  1862.  Promoted 
Captain  March  11,  1863.    Term  expired  Dec.  18, '64, 

Captain  Alex.  H.  Hartwell,  e.  as  Sergeant  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Promoted  Captain  Nov.  23,  1863.  Mustered  out 
July  6,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Edward  B.  Spalding,  e.  as  Sergeant 
Oct.  I,  i86r.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  Sept. 
13,    1862.     Promoted    First   Lieutenant   March  11, 

1863.  Term  expired  Dec.  18,  1864. 

First  Lieutenant  Chas.  H.  Watson,  e.  as  private  Oct.  i, 
1861.  Re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Dec.  29, 1863.  Promoted 
Sergeant  then  First  Lieutenant  Nov.  23, 1864.  Mus- 
tered out  July  6,  1865. 

Second   Lieutenant   Henry   C.  Barker,  com.   Nov.  23, 

1861.  Resigned  June  7,  1862. 

Second  Lieutenant  Harvey  Smith,  e.  as  First  Sergeant, 
Oct.  I,  1861.  Re-enlisted  as  Vet.  Dec.  29,  1863. 
Commissioned  Second  Lieutenant  July  5,  1865. 
Mustered  out  as  Sergeant  July  6,  1865. 

C'orpl.  Jas.  E.  Buchan,  e.  Oct.  i.  '61,  m.  o.  Nov.  23, '64, 

Billings  Thos.  C.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Blakesley  N.  P.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

4,  1864,  died  July  15,  1864. 
Busbee  Thos.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted   as   vet.  Dec. 

29,  1863,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Butler  James,  e,  Oct.  i,  1861,  m.  o.  Nov.  23,  1864. 
Babcock  Elias  R.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Beard  John,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Babcock  Chas.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as   vet.  Dec. 

29,  1863,  disd.  Feb.  10,  1865. 
Connor  Jos.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Coyne  John,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec.  29, 

1863,  m   o.  JuU  6,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Chandler  Wm.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Cameron   Alex.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted   as  vet.  Dec. 

29,  1862,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Cole  C.  F.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec.  29, 

1862,  m.  o.  July  15,  1865; 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAR  RECORD. 


325 


Clark  Ewd.  e.  Oct.  i.  1861,  m.  o.  Nov.  23, 1864. 

Dobson  Andrew,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Drake  Ewd.  P.  e.  Oct.  i.  1861. 

Eddy  James,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Goodin  Geo.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861.; 

Gamble  Peter,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  m.  o.  Nov.  23,  1864. 

Higgins  Wm.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Harper  Robert,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Johnson  W.  J.  e.  Oct.  i,  1S61,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 

)udd  Benj.  e.  Oct.  t,   1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Use.   29, 
1863,  m.   o.  July  6,  1865. 

Johnson  James,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec. 
29,  1863,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865,  as  Sergt. 

Johnson  R".  L.  e.  Oct.  i,  i86i. 

Kutzer  Morris,  e.  Oct.  i,  i86i. 

Koch  Chas.  P.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Leroy  Chas.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Lawless  Albert, e.  Oct.  i.  1861. 

Lockwood   Jacob,  e.  Oct.  r,   1861,  m.  o.   Nov.  23,  1864. 

Morain  Michael,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Muldoor.    Patrick,   e.    Oct.  i,   1861,  re-enlisted  as   vet. 
Dec.  29,  1863,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 

McCallam   Wm.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec. 
29,  1863,  m.  o.  July  15,  1865. 

Murray  Chas.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec. 
29,  1863,  died  Jan.  8,  1864. 

Madigan  M.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Morey  Edw.  F.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Ramsdell  Winslow,  e.  Oct.  i,  I861. 

Rich  Luke,  e.  Oct.   i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec.  29, 

1863,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Rhoades  F.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Sayers    Henry,   e.  Oct.   i,  1861,   m.  o.  Jan.  6,  1865,    to 

date  Nov.  23,  1864. 
Simpson  Chas.  H.  e.  Oct.  i,  i86i,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Steel  C.  W.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Shott  Jas.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Tucker  Milton,  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec. 

29,  1863,  m.  o.  July  6,  1S65,  as  Sergt. 
Truman  Alfred,  e.  Oct.  1,1861. 
Van  Brocklin  A.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Washburn  C.  e.  Oct.  1,  1861. 
Washburn  H.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Williams  Wm.  e.  Oct.  i,  i85i. 

Barton  Robt.  e.  Oct.  i,  1864. 
Frints  Sam'l,  e.  Oct.  i,  1864. 
Guiote  A.  e.  Oct.  i,  1864. 

Hoople  John,  e.  Feb.  i,  1865,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Hickox  Geo.  T.  e.  Feb.  i,  1865,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Hooker  N.  P.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 

Montague  H.  e.  Jan.  30,  1864,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
McNeil  Wm.  e.  Sept.  27,  1864. 
MandervilleChas.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Runyard   Robt.  e.  Feb.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Rogers  Thos.  H.  e.  Jan.  22,  1864,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Sheffield  F.  B.  e.  Jan.  4,  1864,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Sheffield  E.  P.  e.  Sept.  26,  1864,  m.  o.  June  22,  1865. 
Sheffield  W.  P.  e.  Sept.  26,  1864,  m.  o.  July  14,  1865. 
Tuthill  Jacob,  e.  Jan.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  6,  1865. 
Zummer  Wm.  e.  Feb.  22,  1864,  died  at  Rockford,  111., 
June  13,  1865. 

So  til   Infantry, 

The  Fifty-fifth  Infantry  Illinois  Volunteers  was  or- 
ganized at  Camp  Douglas,  Chicago,  111.,  and  mustered 
into  the  United  States'  service  Oct.  31,  1861.  Nov.  9th 
left  Camp  Douglas  for  Alton,  111.;  the  loth,  left  for  St. 
Louis,  by  steamer;  Jan.  12,  1862,  ordered  to  Paducah, 
Ky.,  by  boat;  March  -th,  embarked  on  steamer  for 
Tennessee  River  and  moved  down  to  Pittsburg  Land- 
ing, and  was  soon  in  camp,  east  of  Shiloh  Church— the 
Fifty-fifth  benig  on  the  left  of  the  Union  line.  The 
opening  of  the  battl;,  Sunday  morning,  found  the  regi- 
ment in  position,  with  an  effective  force  of  873  men. 
Col.  Stuart  was  wounded,  and  nine  of  the  line  officers, 
three  of  whom  died  of  wounds.  102  enlisted  men  were 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  161  wounded  and 
taken  prisoners.  The  regiment  was  with  the  army  in 
advance  on  Corinth,  and  at  Russell's  house.  May  17th, 
lost  in  skirmish,  8  men,  2  killed  and  6  wounded.  En- 
tered Corinth  May  30th;  thence  westward,  along  Mem- 
phis &  Charleston  Railroad.  With  Sherman's  Divis- 
ion, marched  into  Memphis,  July  21st,  and  remained, 
doing  camp  duty,  until  November  25th,  when  it 
marched,  with  Sherman's  Division,  for  ihe  Tallahat- 
chie River.  Was  marched  back  to  Memphis,  to  de- 
scend the  Mississippi  River  to  Vicksburg.     Embarked 


with  the  e,xpedition,  and  six  companies  were  cnRaged 
in  the  battle  of  Chickasaw  Bayou,  December  29th, 
losinR  I  Captain  killed  and  i  wounded,  i  enlisted  man 
killed  and  7  wounded.  W.is  present  and  under  fire  at 
battle  of  Arkansas  Post,  Jan.  10  and  11,  1863.  Moved 
from  Arkansas  Post  to  Young's  Point,  La.  May  16, 
1863,  joined  army  in  rear  of  Vicksburg,  and  on  17th, 
was  under  fire  at  Champion  Hills.  Participated  in  the 
assaults  of  igth  and  22d  of  May,  losing  Lieut.  Levi 
Hill,  of  Company  A,  killed;  Col.  Maln.borg  and  2  line 
officers  wounded,  and  4  enlisted  men  killed  and 
33  wounded.  During  the  siege,  the  regiment  lost  i 
man  killed  and  3  wounded.  Was  present  at  the  sur- 
render, July  4th.  July  5th,  marched,  with  Sherman's 
expedition,  for  Jackson,  Miss.  Participated  in  th"* 
siege,  and  lost  i  officer  wounded,  i  enlisted  nr.n  killed 
and  I  wounded.  Embarked  at  Vicksburg  for  Memphis, 
and  moved  out  with  the  army,  past  Corinth,  to  luka. 
On  Oct.  30,  1863,  marched  from  East  1  Point,  on  the 
Tennessee  River,  for  Chattanooga.  November  25th, 
marched  with  Sherman  to  the  relief  of  Knoxville,  East 
Tenn.  Returned  and  encamped  at  Bridgeport  during 
the  winter,  and  at  Larkin's  Landing  in  the  spring,  at 
which  place  the  regiment  veteranized,  and  returned  to 
Illinois  on  furlough  of  thirty  days.  June  27,  1864,  par- 
ticipated in  assault  upon  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Ga.,  led 
by  Capt.  Augustine,  who  was  killed  on  the  field.  Loss 
of  regiment  was  2  officers  killed  and  3  wounded,  13  en- 
listed men  killed  and  30  wounded.  July  22,  the  regi- 
ment was  again  engaged,  with  an  effective  force  of  239 
men,  commanded  by  Capt.  F.  H.  Shaw,  and  came  out 
of  engagement  with  180  men — i  officer  killed,  3  enlisted 
men  killed,  12  wounded  and  17  taken  prisoners.  In 
the  siege  of  Atlanta,  the  regiment  lost  i  officer  and  6 
enlisted  men  killed,  and  18  wounded.  Aug.  31,  1864, 
in  battle  of  Jonesboro,  Ga.,  lost  23  men.  In  a  short 
campaign  of  but  little  over  two  months,  the  regiment 
lost  about  one-half  its  number.  Joined  in  pursuit  of 
Hood,  through  Northern  Alabama,  and  returned  to 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  where  162  non-veterans  were  discharged. 
The  regiment  lost,  near  Bentonville,  N.  C  i  man 
killed,  I  wounded  and  6  taken  prisoners.  Marched 
with  army,  via  Richmond,  to  Washington.  Partici- 
pated in  the  grand  review  at  Washington.  Then 
moved  to  Louisville,  Ky.  Remained  in  camp  but  a 
few  weeks,  when  moved,  by  steamer,  to  Little  Rock, 
Ark.,  where  it  remained  until  Aug.  14,  1865,  when  it 
was  mustered  out  of  service.  Left  for  Chicago.  111., 
Aug.  19th,  and  arrived  Aug.  22,  1865,  where  it  received 
final  payment  and  discharge.  During  its  term  of  ser- 
vice the  regiment  marched  3,374  miles. 

Quartermaster  Thaddeus  H.  Capron,  e.  as  private  Co. 
C  Sept.  9,  1861.  Promoted  Quartermaster  Ser- 
geant. Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  Co.  C  Sept. 
4,  1862.  Promoted  Quartermaster  Aug.  i,  1863. 
Promoted   Assistant  Quartermaster  June  20,  1865. 

Company   C. 

Captain  Rhenodyne  A.  Bird,  com.  Oct.  31,  1861.  Re- 
signed June  6,  1862. 

Captain  Robt.  Oliver,  e.  as  Corporal  Sept.  9,  1861. 
Promoted  Sergeant;  First  Sergeant;  First  Lieuten- 
ant Nov.  26,  1862.  Promoted  Captain  Aug.  11, 
1864.     Mustered  out  Aug.  14,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Daniel  Mcintosh,  com.  Oct.  31,  1861. 
Mustered  out  Nov.  26,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  Luther  J.  Keyes,  e.  as  Corporal  Sept. 
g,  1861.  Re-enlisted  as  vet.  March  31,  1864.  Pro- 
moted First  Sergeant;  then  First  Lieutenant,  Aug. 
II,  1864.     Mustered  out  Aug.  14,  1865. 

First  Sergeant  Ambrose  C  Partch,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861, 
disd.  Aug.  25,  1862,  wounds. 

Sergt.  Theo.  W.  Hedges,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861. 

Sergt.  John  Shields,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861.  ^ 

Sergt.  A.  H.  Bowen,  e.Sept.9,'6i,disd.Jan.28,  63,disab. 

Corpl.  Orville  H.  Partch,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861. 

Corpl.  Wm.  H.  Speaker,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  died  at  St. 
Louis.  Jan.  11,  1862. 

Corpl.  John  Q.  A.  Curtis,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  re-enlisted 
as  vet.  Jan.  i,  1864,  killed  July  28,  1864. 

Corpl.  Daniel  Shields,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  disd.  Feb.  10, 
1863,  disab. 

Corpl.  C.  N.  Bowen,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861. 

Corpl.  H.  T.  Hickok,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  re-enlisted  as 
vet.  March  31,  1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865. 

Musician  H.  T.  Porter,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861. 

Musician  H.  A.  Hurlbut,  e.  Sept.  9,  '61,  prmt.  Comsy. 
Sergt. 


326 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAB  KECOED. 


Austin  Jos.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  March 

31,  1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Anthony  E.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861. 
Bailey  A.  W.  e.  Sept.  10,  1861. 
Brooks  O.  S.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Barton  Geo.  D.  e.  Oct.  16,  1861,  deserted  Jan.  21,  '62. 
Corcoran  Edw.    e.   Sept.   g,    1861,   re-enlisted  as   vet. 

March  31,  1864,  m.  o.  Au?.  14,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Chase  I.  G.  W.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  disd.  Sept.  14,  '62. 
Crowder  John  E.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861. 

Cleveland  R.  L.  e.  Sept.g,  '61,  m.  o.  Oct. 31, '64,  Corpl. 
Crowell   Geo.  W.   e.  Sept.  g,  i86r,   re-enlisted  as  vet. 

March  31,  1864,  killed  June  27,  1864. 
Crowell  B.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861.  ' 
Conner  M.   e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  2, 

1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
•  Clapp  W.  e.  Oct.  30,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  March  31, 

1864,  disd.  June  30,  1865. 
Doolittle  A.  P.  e.  Oct.  23,  1861. 
Eggert  Aug.  e.  Sept.  12,  1861. 
Eggert  Martin,  e.  Sept.  12,  1861. 

Frazier  Jas.  W.  e.  Sept.  g,  '61,  Corpl.,  died  Mar. 5,  '63. 
Frazier  John,  e.  Oct.  11,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Goodwin  Jas.  D.  e.  Oct.  17,  i8fii. 
Goakey  Aug.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,   re-enlisted  as  vet.  Mar. 

31,  1865,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865. 
Ganning  Myron,  e.  Sept.  g,  1861. 
Goodwin  E.  P.    e.  Sept.   g,   1861,   re-enlisted    as   vet. 

March  31,  1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Garner  Jas.  e.  Oct.  2,  1861,  m.  o.  Uct.  31,  r864. 
Gaylord  Wm.  E.  H.  e.  Oct. 8,'   i,  disd.Jan.28,'63.disab. 
Heigerson  Nels,  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Halvurson  Ola,  e. Sept.g, '61, died  at  St. Louis, Feb. 3,  63. 
Helgeson  Oil,  e.  Sept.  g,  1861. 

Hanian  Robt.  A.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  killed  May  ig,  1863. 
Harris  Edw.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Johnson  Oscar,  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  killed  July  28,  1864. 
Joslin  H.  H.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  1, 

1864,  disd.  June  30,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Johnson  Calvin,  e.  June  23,  1861. 
Johnson  Chas.  E.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861. 
Kittleson  C.   e.  Sept.  9,  '61,  died  at  Durand,  111.,  May 

22,  1864. 
Knapp  N.  H.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861. 

Knudson  Ola,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Mahan  M.  e.  Sept,  9.  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 
MeGraw  Thos.  e.  Oct.  2,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Part  O.  K.  e.  Aug.  27,  1861,   re-enlisted  as  vet.  March 

31,  1864,  died  Sept.  26,  1864. 
Patterson  J.  A.  e.  Oct.  23,  1861. 
Putnam  Geo.  e.  Oct.  16,  1861,  died  Feb.  11,  1864. 
Riley  R.  [.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  m.o.  Oct.  31,  '64,  as  Sergt. 
Russell  Geo.  W.  e.  Sept.  g,  '61,  m.o.  Oct. 31, '64,  Corpl. 
Roland  John,  e.  Oct.  2,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Reese  N.  e.  Oct.  8,  1861,  deserted  Nov.  7,  1861. 
Reese  J.  E.  e.  Oct.  8,  1861,  deserted  Nov.  7,  1861. 
Robb  P.  C.  e.  Oct.  23,  i86i. 
Riley  W.  A.  V.  e.  Oct.  17,  1861. 
Reget  Henry,  e.  Sept.  30,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Mar. 

31,  1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865. 
Raup  Chas.  e.  Oct.  6,  1861. 
Raup  Geo.  A.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861. 
Snook  Wm.  e.  Oct.  9,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Simcox  Jacob,  e.  Oct.  9,  1861. 
Strawn  A.  e.  Oct.  25,  1861. 
Sullivan  D.  e.  Oct.  8,  1861. 
Turney  Chas.  G.  e.  Oct.  8,  1861,  disd.  Jan.  28,  1863,  as 

Sergt.,  disab 
Woodring  H.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Wilcox  R.  R.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861. 
Winchester  C.  A.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861. 
Wright  Geo.  e.  Sept.  g,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  March 

3t,  1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Wright  Jas.  M.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1864. 
Wright  Asa  S.  e.  Sept,  g,  1861,  rL--enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

3,  1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Westbrook  R.  W.  e.  Sept.  25,  1861, 

Bodine  Geo.W.e.  Jan.  s,'64,  died  in  Tenn.,  Feb.  i4,'64. 

Bishop  Isaac,  m.  o.  May  16,  1865. 

Curtis  H.  C.  e.  Dec.  14,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  March 

31,  1865,  kid.  June  27,  1864. 
Elliott  Geo.  W.  e.  Dec.  14,  1861,  in.  o,  Dec.  31,  1864. 
Flint  Jas.  P.  e.  Dec.  6,  1861. 

Gookey  Thos.  e.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  Aug.  14.  1865. 
Pitts  Phillip,  e.  Nov.  i,  1861,  died  Feb.  14,  1863. 
Riley  Jas.  W.  e.  Dec.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  3, 

1864,  m.  o.  Atig.  14,  1865,  as  Corpl. 


Company  E. 

First  Lieutenant  Josiah  E.  Keyes,  e.  as  Sergeant  Co. 
C,  Sept.  9,  1861.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant  March 
13,  1862.     Mustered  out  Nov.  26, 1862. 

67th  Infantry  (3  inos). 
Company  A. 

Captain  Chas,  B.  Hull,  com.  June  13,  1862.  Mustered 
out  Oct.  6,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  King  H.  Millikin,  com.  June  13, 1862. 
Mustered   out  Sept.,  1862. 

Second  Lieutenant  Judson  Ellison,  com.  June  13,  1862. 
Mustered  out  Sept.,  1862. 

Sergt.  Jas.  H.  Reynolds,  e.   June  2,  1862. 

Sergt.  Jno.  D.  Williamson,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.  Geo.  Burns,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.  Wm.  H.  Compton,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.    L.  F.  Babcock,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.  Frank  Harvey,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.  J.  A.  Phelps,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.  F.  Wheeler,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.  W.  B.  Cushman,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Corpl.  Jos.  Panell,e.  June  2,  1S62. 

Musician  Calvin  Marsh,  e.  June  2,  1862,  prmt.  Princi- 
pal Musician. 

Musician  Jesse  Clark,  e.  June  2, 1862. 

,Avary  H.  J.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Bruce  Wm.  e.  June  2.  1862. 
Burnham  Oliver  G.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Boden  James,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Beerer  E.  e.  June  2,   1862. 
Bennett  Eugene,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Burnes  Lewis,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Bronson  A.  V.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Colburn  F.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Cram  Buel  B.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Dane  Dexter,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Dufoe  Geo.  E.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Fanning  John,  e.  June  2,  1862,  deserted. 
Ferguson  J.  A.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Fry  Chas  E.  e.  June  17,  1862. 
Goncolus  John  F.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Goodsell  Geo.  D.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Giett  Albert,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Hansen  L.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Holmes  Geo.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Harvey  P.  J.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Hope  Chas.  E.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Jones  Benj.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Kesler  Aaron,  e.  June  17,  1862. 
Kessler  Thos.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
King  Oscar,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Kums  Frank,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Mulford  Edw.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Mesler  Wm.  C.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
McKay  Wm.  H.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Miller  O.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Miller  Benj.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Newton  C.llins,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Pritchard  M.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Rittenhouse  Amos,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Robinson  F.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Rosecrans  Miles,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Roberts  C.  N.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Rutledge  Jos.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Smith  P.  D.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Steers  Solon,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Squires  Wilson,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Shumway  Roland,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Stiles  Richard,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Trogwood  Oscar,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Trogwood  R.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Wood  Chas.  B.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Ward  Vernon,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Wood  Henry,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Company  C. 

Captain  Hiram  R.  Enoch,  commissioned  June  13,  1862. 

Mustered  out  Sept.,  1862. 
First  Lieutenant  Jas.  B.  Keer,  commissioned  June  23, 

1862.     Mustered  out  Sept.,  1862. 
First  Sergt.  Chas.  W.  Steele,   e.  June  2,  1862,   absent 

without  leave  since  Sept.  i,  1862,  reduced  to  ranks. 


4 


DURAND  TP 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    WAR   RECORD. 


329 


Sergt.  H.  M.  Bales,  e.  June  a,  1862,  promoted  ad  Lieut. 
Sergt.  Jos.  G.  'I'ylord,  e.  June  a,  1862,  sick  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Sergt.  H.  J.  Bcales,  e.  June  2,  1862,  reduced  to  ranks. 
Sergt.  John  Abraham,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Corpl.  Jos.  Slade,  e.  June  a,  1862. 
Corpl.  Kobt.  Hunt,e.  June  a,  1862. 
Corpl.  Geo.  L.  Stearns,  e.  June  2,  1862,  on  furlough  at 

m.  •■.  of  regt. 
Corpl.  Chas.  \V.  Vaughn,  e.  June  a,  1S62,  reduced  to 

ranks. 
Corpl.  M.  1.  AUworth,  e.  June  a,  1862. 
Corpl.  L.  H.  Stoais,  e.  June  a,  1862. 
Corpl.  Geo.  K.  Steele,  c.  June  a,  1862,  reduced  to  ranks. 
Musician  V.  1.  Richert,  e.  June  2,  186a. 
Musician  E.  Washburne,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Wagoner  Jos.  Blackburn,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Allen   Titus   W.  e.   June  2,   1862,   deserted  Sept.   14, 

1862 — second  desertion. 
Bates  Geo.  E.  e.  June  2,  1862,  promoted  Corpl. 
Beales  Samuel,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Bridgeman  H.  c.  June  2,  1862. 
Bryan  W'm.  H,  c.  June  2,  1862. 
Blair  A.  I.  c.  June  2,  1862. 
Corwin  O.  H.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Collins  A.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Crawford  L.  L.  e.  June  2,  1862.  died  Sept.  4,  1862. 
Collins  Geo.  e.  June  2,  1S62. 
Cook  Peter,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Davis  O.  L.  c.  June  2,  1862. 
Ebersole  John,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Eaton  Chas.  H.  e.  June  2,  1862,   absent  without  leave. 
Faukner  John,  e.  June  2,  1S62. 
Fitzsimmons  Chas.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Foltz  Harwood,  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Goodhue  W.  S.  e.  June  2,  1862,  promoted  Corpl.,  then 

First  Sergt. 
Guthrie  Horace  H.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Houseworth  Jas.  J.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Hicks  Chas.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Hatch  A.  A.  c.  June  2,  1862. 
Hunt  W'm.  J.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Halsted  S.  L.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Halsted  J  no.  F.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Howell  D.  H.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Hicko-K  C.  B.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Hagar  J.  W.  e.  June  2,  1862. 
Jacobs  O.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Kerr  \Vm.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Lamont  H.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Moore  E.  B.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Martin  H.  D.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Martin  A.  e.  June  2,  1S62. 

Mar>hall  \.  e.  June  2,  1863. 

Matthews  Wm.  H.  e.  June  2, '62,  disd.  July  2,'62,disab. 

Mc-Vftee  Edwin,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Miller  W'm.  H.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Mcintosh  Henry,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Pate  Merwin,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Perley  Benj.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Per'iey  F.  e.  June  2.  1862. 

Ruth  Samuel  F.  e.  fune  2,  1862. 

Robertson  T.  e.  June  2,  1862, 

Shinn  F.  -M.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Shiiin  Elias  H.  e.  Ju/ie  2,  1862. 

Spencer  Jas.  W.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Spencer  Nathan,  e.  June  2,  1862,  promoted  Sergt. 

Stimps  Jas.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Sawyer  Willis,  e.  Juns  2,  1862,  on  furlough  at  m.  o. 

Shufeldt  A.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Swan  A,  G.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Stickney  Geo.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Smith  H.  e.  June  2.  1862. 

Thompson  Geo.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Thompson  Henry,  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Tuttle  H.  B.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Upright  Chas.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Waller  \\  m.  H.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

Wells  A.  S.  e.  June  a,  1862. 

Wheeler  M.  e.  June  2,  1862. 

74th  Infantry. 

Organized  at  Rockford  and  mustered  into  U.  S.  ser- 
vice Sept.  6.  1862.  Companies  G  and  I  were  from  Ogle 
and  Stephenson  Counties  ;  all  the  rest  were  from  Win- 
nebago County.     Left  Rockford  Sept.  37th  for  Jeffer- 

18J^ 


sonville,  Ind.  Arrived  there'.Oct.  ist,  and  moved  to 
Louisville,  Ky.,  immediately.  Assigned  to  Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  First  Brigade,  Second  Division,  under 
Gen.  Bui'll.  Moved  from  I.niiisville  <Jct.  7ih.  and  was 
in  the  battle  of  Chaplain  Hills,  Ky.,  Oct.  131I1  ;  from 
there  to  Crab  Orchard,  Ky.,  pursuing  lir.igi;,  partii:i- 
p.iting  in  many  skirmishes.  Keturned  from  I.ebanon, 
Ky.,  Oct.  25th  ;  from  there  it  went  to  Na>hvillc,  Tenn., 
where  a  re-organizaiion  was  effected,  under  Gen.  Kosc- 
crans.  Dec.  2^th,  receive<l  marching  orders,  with 
three  d:\ys'  rations.  Participated  in  the  battle  of 
Stone  River,  Dec.  30-31,  1862,  and  Jan.  t,  1863,  the 
regiment  losing  16  men  killed  and  wounded.  Went 
into  winter  quarters  at  Camp  Little,  south  of  Mur- 
frcesboro,  and  were  engaged  in  numerous  raids  in  the 
surrounding  country.  Moved  from  winter  quarters  July 
i5lh  ;  wasiii  battle  of  Liberty  Gap,  Julv  20th;  one  man 
killed;  was  engaged  at  Tulahoma,  Tenn.;  from  hcrcit 
w.as  ordeiedlo  Winchester,  Tenii.,  where  it  encamped. 
Moved,  Aug.  20th,  to  Stevenson,  Ala.  Engaged  at 
Chickaniauga,  Sept.  i8th,  19th  and  20th  ;  lost  5  men. 
The  regiment  on  the  latter  date  was  in  charge  of  hos- 
pital and  supply  trains,  arriving  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
Sept.  22.  While  here  it  had  very  short  allowances  un- 
til Nov.  22d,  when  they  participated  in  the  fi.;ht  of 
Mission  Ridge,  Nov.  25,  their  colors  beir  g  the  first  to 
pass  over  the  rebel  lines,  capturing  a  batter\  of  four 
pieces  at  Bragg's  headquarters  ;  loss  to  regiment,  6  pri- 
vates. Col.  Jason  Marsh  wounded,  Lieut.  Col.  Kerr 
wounded  in  the  arm. 

Returned  to  Chattanooga  on  the  26th,  and  marched 
to  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  to  relieve  Gen.  Burnside,  and 
then  went  into  winter  quarters  about  Dec.  15.  May  2, 
1864,  it  joined  the  main  army  of  the  Cumberland  at 
Chattanooga,  where  it  arrived  on  the  3d  ;  on  the  5th 
marched  under  orders  and  t/3.=,  in  the  battle  of 
Rocky  Face,  or  Buzzard  Roost,  Ga.;  was  at  Re- 
saca,  Ga.,  May  14th  and  15th  ;  Calhoon,  May 
17th;  Adairsville,  Ga.,  ALiy  18th;  Dallas,  Ga.,  May 
25th  to  June  5th  ;  Lost  Mountain,  Ga.,  June  i6ih  ; 
was  in  the  battle  at  Kenesiw  Mouiit;nin,  Ga.,  June  20th 
and  June  27th;  lost  52  men,  6  commissioned  officers; 
Lieut.  Col.  J .  B.  Kerr  being  among  the  number.  Battle 
of  Smyrna,  Camp  Ground,  Ga,,  July  41I1,  lost  16  men  ; 
was  also  at  Peach  Tree  Creek,  July  20lh;  Atlanta,  July 
22d,  and  was  continually  engaged  until  the  battle  of 
Jonesboro,  Ga.,  Sept.  i,  1864,  and  Lovejoy  Station, 
Sept.  2d  ;  then  returned  to  Chattanooga,  1  enn.,  where 
it  was  assigned  to  the  army  of  the  I'ennessee.  En- 
gaged the  enemy,  Nov.  28th,  at  Columbia,  Tenn.; 
Spring  Hill,  Nov.  29th;  Franklin,  Tenn.,  Nov.  30th  ; 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  15th  and  i6th,  following  Hood 
to  Huntsville,  Ala.,  fighting  him  all  the  time  until  he 
cro.ssed  the  Little  Tennessee;  and  then  went  into  winter 
quarters.  March  26,  1865,  it  marched  to  Bulls  Gap, 
'I'enn.,  to  intercept  Lee,  leaving  there  April  17th  for 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  where  the  regiment  was  mustered 
out  June  20,  1865.  Returned  to  Rockford  with  157  en- 
listed men  and  13  officers.  Col.  Jason  Marsh  was  at  the 
head  of  the  regiment  until  about  January  i,  1865,  when 
Lieut.  Col.  Thos.  J.  Bryan  took  command. 

Colonel  Jason  Marsh,  commissioned  Sept.  4,  1S62.  Re- 
signed Aug.  24,  1864. 
Colonel  Thomas  J.  Bryan,  e.  as  Sergeant,  Co.  H,  Aug. 
6.  1862.     Promoted   Captain,   Sept.  8,  1862.     Pro- 
moted Lieutenant  Colonel,  Aug.  3,  1864.  Promoted 
Colonel,    May   10,    1865.     Mustered  out  (as  Lieut. 
Col.)  June  10,  1865. 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Jas.  B.  Keer,   commissioned  Sept. 
4,    1862.     Died  of  wounds,   at  Atlanta,  Ga.,  Aug. 
3<  1864. 
Major  Thos.  J.  L.  Remington,   commissioned  Captain 
Co.  A,  Sept.  4,  1862.     Promoted  .\Lijor,   March  2, 
1863.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 
Adjutant  Andrew  ^L  Potter,  e.  as  First  Sergeant,  Co. 
K,  July  30,  1862.     Promoted   Second    Lieutenant, 
March  25,  1863.     Promoted  First  Lieutenant,  Oct. 
21,1863.     Promoted  Adjutant,  Jan.  7,  1865.     Mus- 
tered out  June  10,  1865. 
Quartermaster  Lewis  Williams,   commissioned  Sept.  4, 

1862.  Died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Nov.  26,  1862. 
Quartermaster  J  no.  H.  Nye,  commissioned  Second 
Lieutenant,  Co.  D,  Sept.  4,  1862.  Promoted  First 
Lieutenant,  March  20,  1863.  Promoted  Quarter- 
master, May  2,  1864.  Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 
First  Assistant  Surgeon  Henry  Strong,  commissioned 
Sept.  28,  1862.  Resigned  March  24,  1863.  Re- 
entered the  service  as  Surgeon  90th  Regt. 


330 


WIlSnSTEBAGO    COUNTY   WAR   RECORD. 


Chaplain  Timothy  B.  Taylor,  commissioned   Captain, 

Co.  H,  Sept.  4,  1862.     Promoted    Chaplain,  Sept. 

8,  1862.     Resigned. 
Sergt.  Maj.    Rudolphus  W.  Peake.   prmt.  First  Lieut. 

Co.  K. 
Sergt.  Maj.  William  Cain,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Q.  M.  Sergt.  George  E.  Dunbar,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Comsy.  Sergt.  Gardner  S.  AUe.i,  re-tr.msferred  to  Co. 

D,  died  Dec.  4,  1862. 
Comsy.  Sergt.  David  Kugg,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Hospital  Steward   Ambrose  Woodruff,  trans,  to  U.  S. 

Army. 
Hospital  Steward  Geo.  N.  Dickerson,  m.o.June  10, '65. 
Prin.  Musn.  Asher  Miller,  m.  o.  March  27,   1863. 
Prin.  Musn.  Shepard  Norcross,  m.  o.  March  26,  1863. 
Prin.  Musn.  Charles  W.  Gerham,  m.  o.  June  10, 1865. 

Company   A. 

Captain  Josiah  W.  Leffingwell,  commissioned  First 
Lieutenant,  Sept.  4,  1862.  Promoted  Captain, 
March  2,  1863.     Resigned  Nov.  16,  1864. 

Captain  Sylvester  Clement,  e.  as  First  Sergeant,  Aug. 
6,  1862.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant,  March  9, 
1863.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant,  March  2,  1863. 
Promoted  Captain,  Nov.  16,  1864.  Mustered  out 
June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Jas.  S.  Cowan,  e.  as  private.  Pro- 
moted Second  Lieutenant,  March  2,  1863.  Pro- 
moted First  Lieutenant,  Nov.  16,  1864.  Mustered 
out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Alfred  Barker,  commissioned  Sept. 
4,  1862.     Resigned  March  g,  1863. 

Second  Lieutenant  Jno.  Vance,  e.  as  Sergeant,  Aug.  5, 
1862.  Mustered  out  June  10,  1865.  Commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant,  but  not  mustered. 

Sergt.  William  S.  Leffingwell,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,  to 
Invalid  Corps,  Nov.  21,  1863. 

Sergt.  Norman  S.  Robinson,  e.  Aug.  5, 1862,  m.o.  June 
10,  1865,  as  private. 

Corpl.  James  Hunter,  e.  Aug.  6, 1862,  died  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  Dec.  5,  1862. 

Corpl.  Robert  J.  Coulter,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  kid.  at  Ken- 
esaw  Mt.,  June  27,  1864. 

Corpl.  Edward  Dufoe,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, 
186^,  as  Sergt. 

Corpl.  John  N.  Smith,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, 
1865,  as  private. 

Corpl.  Amasa  Hutchins,  e.  Aug.  5, '62,  m.o.May  25,'65, 

Corpl.  John  M.  Edes,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  died  at  Lebanon, 
Ky.,  Nov.  14,  1862. 

Corpl.  William  H.  Hitchcock,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  disd. 
April  2,  1863,  wds. 

Musician  Richard  W.  Smith,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd. 
March  18,  1863,  disab. 

Musician  James  H.  Potter,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June 
10,  1865. 

Waconer  Robert  Parker,  Jr.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd. 
"March  18,  1863,  disab. 

Atkinson  Brown  C.  e.Aug.  g, '62. disd.  Feb.  18, '63, disab. 
Atkinson  D.  E.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  disd.  Feb.  25, '63,  disab. 
Atkinson  Geo.  P.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,    missing  in  action  at 

Kenesaw  Mt.,  Ga.,  June  27,  1864. 
Anderson  Augustus,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  m.o.June  10, '65. 
Allen  Titus  W.  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Baker  Luke,  e.  Aug.  5,   1862,   died  at   Murfreesboro, 

Feb.  6,  1863. 
Barker  Reuben  G.  e.  Aug.  5, 1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865, 

as  Corpl. 
Black  Edward,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  6s,Corpl. 
Benjamin  David  L.  e.  Aug.  15,   1862,  died   near  Mur- 
freesboro, Tenn.,  Feb.  10,  '63,  wds.  rec'd  in  action. 
Bird  Pierson,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,   died  at  Gallatin,  Tenn., 

Jan.  II,  1863. 
Binn  Bruce  B.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,  to  Invalid  Corps, 

March  — ,  1S64.  . 

Briggs  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  12,    1862,   died   at   Louisville, 

Ky.,  April  5,  1863. 
Carj'  J.  W.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  Corpl. 
Clay  C.  H.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Nov.  5,  1862,  disab. 
Clay  G.  G.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862.  m.  o.  June  lo,  1865. 
Cherry   John  D.   e.  Aug.  12,  1862,   died   at  St.  Louis, 

April  Q,  1863. 
Cook  Henry,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Dec.  30,  1S62. 
Catton  George  W.  e.  Aug.   Si    1862,   died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Nov.  13,  1862.  >  ^ 

Christman  Henry,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  65. 
Chubb  Joseph  W.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  lo,  1865. 


Dobson  Daniel,   e.   Aug.   15,    1862,   trans,   to    Invalid 

Corps,  Nov.  2o,  1863. 
Dunbar  George  E.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  piomt.  Q.M. Sergt. 
Ellis  Adam,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  died  March  4,  1865,  wds. 
Ellis  H.  U,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,   disd.  Oct.  22,  1863,  disab. 
Gile  Elias  B.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,   died  at  Gallatin,  Tenn., 

Feb.  5,  1862. 
Gillispey   James  M.    e.  Aug.   12,  1862,   m.  o.  June  10, 

1865,  as  Corpl. 
Griffith   Thoma  ,   e.   Aug.   6,    1862,   died   at    Bowling 

Green,  Nov.  — ,  1862. 
Goff  John  Q.  e.  Aug.  12,  1862,  disd.  Sept.  8,  '63,  disab. 
Halsted  Samuel  B.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 
Harris  Wm.  C.  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Hastings  Gustavus  A.  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, 

1865,  as  Sergt. 
Hatch  D.  R.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Dec.  — ,  1863. 
Henry  John  Y.    e.   Aug.   6,    1862,    died  at   Nashville 

Tenn.,  Dec.  17,  1862. 
Holer  Matthew,  e.   Aug.  9,  1862,   trans,   to  V.  R.  C, 

Ma'-ch  15,  1865. 
H:gby  Edwin  G.  e   Aug.  6,    1862,   died  at    Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Dec.  7,  1862. 
Hill  Lorenzo,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  disd.  Nov.  5,  1S62. 
Jenkins  John,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  May  25,  1865. 
Jordan  Robert,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862.  disd.  Feb.  2,  '64,  disab. 
Kewi-h  Wm.  D.  e.  Aug.   12,  1862,  trans,  to  U.  S.  En- 
gineers, July  27,  3864. 
King  Gilbert,  e.  Aug.  6.  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Leffingwell  Bird,  e.Aug.  6,  '62,  disd.  Mch.  23, '63, disab. 
Martin  Clarence,  e.  Aug.  12.  1862,  died  at  Dallas,  Ga., 

May  27,  1864,  wds. 
Morgan  1  heron  H.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 
Morse  Samuel  N.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

wounded. 
Morris  E.  G.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  disd.  Mch.  7,  '65,  wds. 
McCormick  Hugh,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,   died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  July  11,  1863. 
O'Rourke  Matthew,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, '65. 
Parker   William,  e.   Aug.    5,    1862,   died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  July  10,  1863. 
Parker  Wm.  R.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  disd.  Mch.  9,  "63,  disab. 
Parkhurst   Edmund   F.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  disd.  May  6, 

1863,  wds. 
Phagan  Wm.  I.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  deserted  Sept.  28, '62. 
Palmer  Nathaniel  P.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  6,  '63. 
Rice  Harvey,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  died  at  Bowling  Green, 

Ky.,  Nov.  23,  1862. 
Riddle  Samuel  M.  e.  Aug.  s-  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, 1865. 
Roffe  Arthur,  e.  -•^ug.  6,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65,  Corpl. 
Rogers  John,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Rummelhart  John,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, '65. 
Ruir.elhart  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  11,  '62,  m   o.  June  10,  '65. 
Streeter  Charles  A.  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  m.  o.  July  22,  '65, 

was  pris. 
Sweet  Sylvester,  e.  Aug.    15,    1862,   trans,    to  Invalid 

Corps,  Sept.  I,  1864. 
Samuel  Smith,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Scott  Cyrus,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  m.  o.  Jnne  10,  '65, wounded. 
Taylor  Henry  P.  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  10, '65, Corpl. 
Ufford  Andrew  W.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,  to  U.  S.  En- 
gineers, July  27,  1864. 
Urquhart  James  E.  e.  Aug.  4,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  — .  1863. 
Vanarsdale  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  died  at  Lebanon, 

Ky.,  Oct.  30,  1862. 
Wattles  William  W.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,    trans,  to  Invalid 

Corps,  Aug.  I,  1863. 
Webster  Isaac,  e.  Aug.   9,    1862,   died  at  Big  Shanty, 

Ga.,  June  30,  '64,  of  wounds  received  June  27,  '64. 
Woodle  Allen,  e.  Aug.  6,    1862,   died  at  Resaca,  Ga., 

May  14,  1864,  wds. 

Dell  Geo.  M.  e.  Feb.  22,  1865,  trans,   to  36th  I.  V.  I. 

June  7,  1865. 
Hasicins  Amos,  e.  Feb.  22,    1863,   died   at  Huntsville, 

Ala.,  March  27,  1865. 
Marshall  Alexander,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Urquhart  Wm.  H.  died  Dec.  31,  1862,  wds. 
Weaver  Geo.  W.  disd.  Dec.  — ,  1^62,  disab. 

Company  B. 

Capt.iin  David  O.  Buttolph,  commissioned  Sept.  4, 1862. 

Killed  in  battle,  June  27,  1864. 
Captain  Augustus  W.  Thompson,   commissioned  First 

Lieutenant,    Sept.    4,    1862.     Promoted    Captain, 

June  27,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 
First   Lieutenant   Edwin   Swift,  commissioned  Second 

Lieutenant,    Sept.  4,  1862.     Promoted  First  Lieu- 


WINNEBAGO    CO0NTV    WAR    RECOKD. 


331 


ten.int,  June  27,    1864.     Honorably  ciischarged  (as 

Second  i.icut.)  May  '5,  1865. 
First  Sergt.  James  H.  lliittorl,  wounded  at  Adairsville, 

Ga.,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.,disd.  April?,  1865, 
Sergt.  Wilson  H.  Moullon,  flied  at  Murfreesboro,  May 

4,  1863. 
Sergt.  James  P.  Barker,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Sergt.   Edward  Thoujson,  trans,  to  TJ.  S.   Engineers, 

in  1864. 
Sergt.  Edg.ir  Swift,  m.  o.  June  10.  1865. 
Corpl.  George  Rugg,  e.  .\ug.   8,  1862,   Sergt.,    kid.  at 

Kenesaw  .Mt.,  )une27,  1864. 
Corpl.  .■Mfred  Williams,  kid.  Kenesaw  Mt.,  June  27, '64. 
Corpl.  Benj.unin  C.  Brown,   died  at  Nashville,  'I'cnn., 

Dec.  12,  1862. 
Corpl.  William  E.   Lowe.  Sergt.,   missing  in  action  at 

Franklin,  Teun.,  Nov.  30,  1864. 
Corpl.  William  Wall.ice,  m.  o.  July  13,  1865,  private. 
Corpl.  Frank  Flynn,  disd. 
Corpl.  Henry  A.  Stebbins,  disd.    March   17,   1863,  as 

private,  disab. 
Corpl.  Frank  Chapman,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Musician  Manciias  C.  Goucher,  disd.  Dec.  20, 1864. 
Musician  Thomas  T.  Boyen,  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Dec.  22,  1862. 


Anderson  Wni.  P.  e.  .\ug.  9,  1S62,  ni.  o.  June  10,  1865, 

was  pris. 
Anderson  John  Y.,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Anderson  Chas.  e.  Aug   22,   1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Billick  l.uman,  died  at  Winchester, Tenn..  Aus.  g,'63. 
Billick  Alonzo,  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  June  10,  '63. 
Billick  Hiram,  kid.  at  Kenesaw  Mt,.  June  27,  1864. 
Brennan  Richard  H.  disd.  in  1863,  disab. 
Brown  Isaiah,  e.  Aug.  21.  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Brennan  Jos.  S.  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Feb.  29,  '63. 
/Brown  Frederick,  trans,  to  Invalid  Corps,  May  9,  '63. 
Cole  Alden  R.  disd.  P'eb.  6,  1863,  disab. 
Chapel  Joshua  L.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  May  31,  1865. 
Carpenter  Komeo,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Corwin  Ezra  W.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Collins  Erastus,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Cullin  Patrick,  disd.  Sept.  11,  1863. 
Clark   Isaac  B.  e.  Aug.  22,  1862,  died  at  Chattanooga, 

July  8,  1864. 
Canady  Joshua,  m   o.  June  10,  1865. 
Daniels  Chas.  disd.  Dec.  27,  1862,  disab. 
Davenport  Asa  A.  disd.  Feb.  26,  1865. 
Day  Wm.  G.  trans,  to  U.  S.  Engineers  in  1864. 
Delp  Frartlim,  trans,  to  Invalid  Corps  in  1863. 
Ewell  Halb  rt,  disd.  April  27,  1863,  disab. 
Fryman  Osca,  m.  o.  lune  10,  1865. 
Gates  Stephen,  died  at  Chattanooga,  Sept.  30,  1864. 
Gustavison  CaKridrick,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Graham  John,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Goucher  Wm.  M.  disd.  March  4,  1863,  disab. 
Gerricks  John  R.  disd.  Jan.  15,  1863,  disab. 
Hemphill  Lewis  L.  died  at  Gallatin,Tenn.,  Mch.27,'63. 
Hulse  Jos.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Hay  Jas.  B.  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  i,  1862. 
Henderson  Gilson,  kid.  at  Kenesaw  Mt.,  June  27,  1864. 
Hess  Erastus  W.  disd.  Feb.  15,  1865. 
Harrell  John  A.  e.  .\ug.22,'62,  trans.  Co.  I,  Sept. 17, '62. 
Imholz  Jos.  e.  Aug.  22,  1862,  wounded   at   Adairsville, 

Ga.,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C,  disd.  April  10,  1865. 
Kilburn  Ancil  D.  e.  Aug.  7,    1862,   died   at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Dec.  19,  1862. 
Kidder  Benjamin  F.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, '65. 
Kipp  David  G.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Kenady  Frederick,  trans,  to  Invalid  Corps  in  1863. 
Kelley  Lewis  M.  trans,  to  Invalid  Corps  in  1864. 
Kinney  Jos.  trans,  to  Co.  1,  Sept.  17,  1862. 
KinglJeo.  L.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Lock  Horton,  e.  Aug.  9,    1862,   died   at   Valley    Head, 

-■Ma.,  Sept.  5,  1863. 
Leahy  James,  m.  o.  June  lo,  1865. 
McGure  James  C.  disd.  Dec.  27,  1862,  disab. 
Murchant  P  ter,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
McGuire  Daniel,  died  at  Chattanooga,  July  4,  1864. 
Miller  John  B.   died  at  Edgefield,  Tenn.,  Nov.  22,  '62. 
Moon  Cornelius,  deserted  Sept.  6,  1862. 
Martin  Hugh,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
•  Manuel  Geo.  D.  died  at  Murfreesboro,  June  18,  1S63. 
Pettebone  Kdward  D.  m   o.  June  10,  1865. 
Pierce  Fred.  H.  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  16, '62. 
Powers  Saml.  E.  disd,  March  9,  1863,  disab. 
Rhinehart  Hiram,  kid.  at  Resaca,  Ga.,  May  14,  1864. 
Rhinehart  Jonas,  m.  o.  June  8,  1865. 
Rugg  David,  prmt.  Commissary  Sergeant. 


Seaton  Wm.  L.  disd.  -'Vug.  22,  1863,  disab. 

Sperry  Angus  J.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Smith  Or.-i  N.  deserted  Sept.  6,  1862. 

Sargent  Jas.  A.  m.  o.  June  10,  i86s. 

Shaw  Kdward  S.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 

Simmons  Uriah,  ni.  o.  June  10  1865. 

Stevens  Chas.  M.   died  at  iMurfreesboro.T.,  Jan.  12, '63. 

Sumner  Irvin  S.  disd.  Jan.  6,  1865,  disab. 

.Swift  Rodolphus,  kid.  at  D.dlas,  Ga.,  May  30,  1864. 

Tryan  Otha  J.  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65,  Corpl. 

Walters  Sanl.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 

Wells  Chester  A.  disd.  March  23,  1863,  disab. 

Wyatte  Nicholas  H.  tr.ins.  to.  U.  S.  £.  in  1864. 

Wallers  Jas.  W.  disd.  May  24,  1865. 

Worden   Heman,  disd.  May  18.  1863,  disab. 

Woodruff  Oliver  H.  dest-rted  at  Chicago,  in  1863* 

Welker  Valentine,  disd.  Dec.  30,  1862,  disab. 

Wills  Edwin,  m.  o.  June  ic,  1865. 

Swift  Samuel,  e.  Dec.    11,  1863,  trans,  to  36th  I.  V.    I. 
June  7,  1865. 

Company  C. 

Captain  Hampton  P.  Sloan,   com.  Sept.  4,   1862.     Re-* 

signed  April  25,  1863. 
Captain  Christopher  M.  Brazee,  com.  First  Lieutenant 

Sept.  4,   1862.     Promoted   Captain  April  25,  1863. 

Resigned  Dec.  14,1863. 
Captain  John  F.  Squier,  com.  Second  Lieutenant  Sept. 

4,1862.     Promoted  I  irst  Lieutenant  April  25,  1863. 

Promoted    Captain  Dec.    14,  1863.      Mustered   out 

June  10,  1865. 
First  Lieutenant    Hosmerl'.  Holland,  e.  as   First   Sei- 

geant,  .'^ug.  8,  1862.     Promoted  Second  Lieutenant 

April  25,  1863.     Promoted  First  Lieutenant  Dec.  14, 

1863.     Resigned  Nov.  17,  1864. 
First  Lieutenant  Ale.x.  H.  Beatie,  e.  as  Sergeant,  Aug, 

6,  1862.     Promoted  First  Sergeant  then  First  Lieu- 
tenant Nov.  17.  1864.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 
Second  Lieutenant  Robl.  Simpson,  e.  as  Corporal,  Aug. 

6,  1862.     Promoted   First  Sergeant.     Mustered  out 

June  10,  1865.     Commissioned  Second  Lieutenant, 

but  not  mustered. 
Sergt.  Ezra  J.  Grippin,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.o.  June  io,'6s. 
Sergt.  Bradlord  A.  Champlin,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  kid.  at 

Kent-saw  Mt.,  June  27,  1864. 
Sergt.  Chas.  H.  C.  Dogwell,  e,  Au.g.  7,  '62,  m.  o.  June 

10.1865.^ 
Corpl.  Francis  H.  Fairman,e.Aug.7,'62,  disd.  Feb, 19,63. 
Corpl.  Robt.  Simpson,  e.  Aug.  6.  '62,  m.e.  June  lo,  '65, 

as  ist  Sergt.,  com.  2d  Lieut,  but  not  mustered. 
Corpl.  Cyrus  Miller,  e.  Aug.  7.  '62,  disd.  May  29,  '65. 
Corpl.    Saml.  W.  Washburn,  e.  Aug.  g,  '862,  disd,  July 

20,  1863,  as  private. 
Corpl.  David  H.  Saeia,  e.  Jnly  30,  1862,  m.  o.  May  15, 

186s,  as  private. 
Corpl.  John  A.  Holland,  e. Aug. 11, '62. m.o.  June  10, '65. 
Corpl.  Thos.  P.  Treadwell,  e.Aug.  7. '62,  disd. Jan. 2, '63. 
Corpl.   Geo.    R.  Heigley,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  reduced   and 

trans,  to  Miss.  Marine  Brigade,  Feb.  6,  1863. 
Musician  Asher  G.  Miller,e.Aug.7,'62,  m.o.  June  10, '65. 
Musician  Chas.  W.  Gorham,  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  pimt.  Prin- 
cipal Musician. 
Wagoner  Lyman  Patten,  e.  Aug  8,  '62,  trai :<;.  to  17th  I. 

V.  C,  Sept.  12,  1862. 

Allen  Ephraim  J.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  disd.  Uec.  7,  1862. 
Allen  John,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  Dec.  28,  1862. 
Allen  Thos.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  June  i,  1863. 
Anderson    Lewis   P.  e.   Aug.  7,  1862,  trans,  to  Invalid 

Corps,  Jan.  15.  1864. 
Bayles  David,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  i86<;. 
Brown    Humphrey  A.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  trans,  to  5th  Wis. 

Battery.  Nov.  12,  1862. 
Baker  Elijah,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Carrington  Chas.  e.  Aug.  6,  1S62,  disd.  Jan.  22,  1863. 
Cordiner  John,  e.    Aug.  7,    1862,  kid.   at  Resaca,  Ga., 

May  14,  1864. 
Davis  Adam  H.  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  disd.  March  28,  1863. 
Davis  Anaus  M.  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Davie  Hall.  e.Aug.  7,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65,  as  Sergt. 
Delling  Luther,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862.  disd.  Jan.  i,  1863. 
Develin  Thos. e.Aug.  9. '62, trans,  to  U.S.E.,  July  27, '64. 
Dobson  Abram,  H.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o,  June  10,  1865. 
Dobson  Edward,  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  kid.  at   Kenesaw  Mt., 

June27,  1864. 
Donkersley  Jas.  H.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 
Elliott  Jno.  e.  Aug.  3, '62,  died  at  Nashville,  Jan.15,'63. 


332 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAR  KECOBD. 


Elliott  Jos.  e.  Aug.  3,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Farnham  Earl,  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.. 
Dec.  9,  1862. 

Ferguson  Duncan  H.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.o  June  10,  '65. 

Fillmore  Cyrus  A.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  7,  1865. 

Gillman  Jos.  \V.  e.  .^ug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  23,  1863. 

Hudson  Richmond  L.  e.  July  28,  '62,  m.o.  June  10, '65. 

Hall  Jarvis.e.Aug.ii, '62, trans.  Inv.  Corps,  Junei8,'64. 

Hall   loshua,  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65,  as  Corpl. 

Hallenbeck  Almarin,  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 

Hallenbeck  John  H.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  deserted  from  Ben- 
ton Barracks. 

Heigley  Merritt  L.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  trans,  to  Inv.  Corps, 
Sept.  30,  1863. 

Heiglev  Noah  D.  e.  Aug.  g,  '62,  disd.  Nov.  20,  '63,  or- 
der Col.  Mundy. 

Knapp  John  D.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  trans,  to  5th  Wis.  Batt., 
Nov.  12,  18-2. 

Kellogg  EHj.ih,  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65,  Sergt 

Kellogg  Washington  H.  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.o  June  10,  '65 

Lawrence  Newton  F.  e.  Aug.  n.  1862,  disd.  Feb.  14, '63 

Magoon  Chas    Aug.  g,'62.  trans. Inv.  Corps, June  18, '64 

Mandeiville  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862, ,m.  o.  June  10,  1865 

Merchant  David  O.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.o.  June  10,1865 

Marsh  Wallace  T.  e.  Aug.  6.  '63,  trans,  to  Inv.  Corp^, 
June  16,  '63,  mo.  Sept.  4, '65,  as  Sergt.  Major  V.R.C. 

McMaster  T.  Schuyler,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  trans,  to  5th 
Wis.  Batt.,  Nov.  16,  1S62. 

Miller  Alba,  e.  Aug.  7  .  1862.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Miller   J.  Henry,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862.  disd.  Feb.  27,  1865. 

Miller  Wm.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Mills  Maurice  1^  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June    10.  1865. 

Merchant  Geo.  W.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,  to  U.  S.  E., 
Aug.  8,  1864. 

Nelson  Chas.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Oliver  Jas.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65,  as  Corpl. 

Phelps  Wm.  R.e.Aug.  6, '62,  m.o.  June  io,'65,  Music'n. 

Robertson  Wm.      .  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o,  June  10,  1865. 

Robison  Wm.  A.  e.  Aug.  12,  1862,  died  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  Jan.  11,  1863. 

Rockwell  Lucius  D.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  disd.  March  16,  '63. 

Russell  Dexter,  e   Aug.  7,  '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65.  Corpl. 

Rusterholtz   Levi,   e.^Aug.  8,  1862,  m.  o.  May  18,  1865. 

Salsbury  Jas.  L.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  died  at  Murfreesboro, 
Tenn.,  March  14,  1863. 

Sands  John,  e.  Aug  6,  '62,  trans.  V.  R.  C.  Jan.  16,  '65. 

Sealv  David  K.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  28,  1865. 

Sloan  Quincy  A.  e.  Aug.   14,  1862.  m.  o.  June  lo.- 1865. 

Scott  Hiram,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Smith  John  D.  e.  Aug.  4,  1862,  disd.  April  25,  1865. 

Stevenson  Lansing  R.  e.  Aug.  i,  '62.  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 

Stewart  John  W.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  Corpl.,  kid.  at  Spring 
Hill,  Tenn.,  Nov.  29,  1864. 

Thrall  Chauncy  T.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  died  at  Gallatin, 
Tenn.,  )an.  18,  1863. 

Titus  Addison,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  26,  1863. 

Treadwell  Chas.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o,  June  10.  1865. 

Two  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  6,   1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Twogood  Albert,  e.  Aug.  6.  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Titus  John.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Underbill  Saml.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Warner  Geo.  W.  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  disd.  Oct.  7,  1863. 

Washburn  John   I',  e.  Aug.  8,  1862.  disd.  ^larch  23, '63. 

White  Aaron  J.  e.  Au^.  9,  '62.  m.o.  June  10,  '65,  Corpl. 

Woollery  Henry  W.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Woollery  John,  e,  Aug.  5,  1862,  trans,  to  Inv.  Corps, 
April  28,  1864. 

Dobson  Chas.  disd.  March  2,  1863. 

Company  D. 

Captain    Jonathan    H.    Douglass,   com.  Sept.   4,  1862. 

Resigned  March  20,  1S63. 
Captain  Robert  H.  Hatch,  com.  First  Lieutenant  Sept. 

4,  1862.     Promoted  Captain  March  20,  1863.     Mus- 
tered out  June  10,  1865. 
First   Lieutenant   John    Beatson,  e.  as  First   Sergeant, 

Aug.  7,  1862.     Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  March 

20,  1863.     Promoted  First  Lieutenant  May  2,  1864. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 
Sergt.    Thos.    W.  Cole,  e.    July   20,    1862,   wounded  at 

Resaca,  Ga.,  m.o.  June  10,  1865,  as  ist  Sergt. 
Sergt.  Wm.  C.  McCaughey,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  June 

30.  1863,  disab. 
Sergt.  Omri  J.  Cummings,  e.  July  28,  '62,  disd.  Jan.  i, 

1863,  disab. 
Sergt.  |ohn  G.  Morgan,  e.  Aug.7,  '62,  m.o.  June  i,'65. 
Corpl.  Rily  Van  Patten,  e.  Aug.  18,  '62,  m.  o.  May  ii, 

1865,  as  Corpl. 


Corpl.  Jas.  Crane,  e.  Aug. 8, '62,  m.o.  June  io,'65, Sergt. 

Corpl.  Henry  Gilchrist,  e.  July  27,  1862,  died  at  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  Feb.  13,  1863. 

Corpl.  Edgar  G.  Day,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  died  at  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  Nov.  26,  1862. 

Corpl.  Otis  G.  Sanderson,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June 
19,  1865. 

Corpl^  Chas.  E.  Gcodspeed,  e.  July  24,  1862,  m.o.  June 
10,  1865,  as  Musician. 

Corpl.  Henrj'  W.  Smith,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  m.o.  April  19, 
1S65,  as  Sergt.  disab. 

Corpl.  Peter  C.  Campbell,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62.  m.  o.  June  10, 
1865,  as  Sergt. 

Musician  Shepherd  Norcross,  e.  July  26,  1862,  prmt. 
Drum  Major. 

Musician  Chas.  R.  Jones,  e.  July  26,  1S62,  died  at 
Murfreesboro,  April  17,  1863. 

Allen  Gardner  S.  e.  July  18,  1862,  prmt.   Com.    Sergt., 

died  at  Rockford,  111.,  Dec.  4,  1S62. 
Allen  Sam'l,  e.  July  22,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Atwood    Hiram,   e.   July  26,  1862,   trans,   to  U.  S.  E. 

July  27,  1864. 
Beale  Jos.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  left  sick  at  Louisville,  Oct. 

29,  1862. 
Barsby   Sam'l,   e.    July  23,    1862,   died   at   Knoxville, 

Tenn.,  Dec   18,  1863. 
Brainard  Jared  H.  e. Aug. 9, '62,  disd.  Sept.  i6,'63, disab. 
Babcock  Almon,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.o.  June  10, '65. Sergt. 
Bliss  Geo.  W.  e.  Aug.  14,  1S62,  m.o.  June  10,  1865. 
Crowley  Levi,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  died  at  Nashville, Tenn., 

Dec.  21,  1862. 
Corbin  Amasa  M.  e.   Aug.  6,  1862,   died  at    Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Feb.   17,  1863. 
Cleveland  Geo.  C.  e. Aug. 6, '62,  m.o.  June  10, '65, Corpl. 
Conant  Naroy.  e.  Aug.  7.  1862,  trans,  to  Inv.   Corps, 

Aug.  9,  1863. 
Connor  Jas.  H.  e.  Aug.  8,  '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65,  Sergt. 
Cook  Wm.  e.  Aug.  8,  '62,  disd.  Feb.  7,  '63,  disab. 
Castner  David,  e.  Aug.  g,   1862.  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Compton  Sam'l  C.  e.  Aug.  g,  1862,  Corpl.,  kid.  at  Mis- 
sion Ridge,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Compton  Wortman,e.Aug.9,'62,  m.o. June  io.'65, Corpl. 
Crane  Richard  H.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  m.o.  May  ig,  1865. 
Elliott  Chas.    H.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,   trans,  to  U.  S.  E. 

July  27,  1864. 
Ferguson  Allen  M.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.o. May  24,'65,wds. 
Fox  Thaddeus,  e.  Aug.  8,  '62,  di=d.  Oct.  26,  '63,  disab. 
Guilford  Andrew  J.  e.  July  iS,  1862,  m.o.  May  20,  '65. 
Gilbert  Eiiw.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o  May  12,  1865. 
Geanonng  Wm.  \\  .  e.  July  25,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, '65. 
Giett  Wm.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65,  as  Corpl. 
Goldy  Benj.  D.  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  disd.  May  8,  '63,  disab. 
Gustin  John  H.  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  died  at  Reseca,  July 

6,  1864,  wounds. 
Gilson  Wm.  e.  Aug.  g,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Gustin  Geo.  E.  or  S.  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  disd.  May  15,  1865. 
Hines  Elisha  W.  e.  July  28,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Hurdy  Hiram,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  ra.  o.  June  10,  '65,  Corpl. 
Herrick  Oakly,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62.  disd.  Feb.  g,  '63,  disab. 
Harrod  Wm.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  March  15, '63,  disab. 
Hall  Wm.  F.  B.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o,  June  10,  1865. 
Hecox  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  14,  62,  m  0.  June  10, '65,  Corpl. 
Hopkins   Th  s.    e.    Aug.    14,   1862,  died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Dec.  2,  1862. 
Ingalls  Harvy,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Kervish  John,  e.  Aug.  6,1862,  died  at  Nashville,Tenn., 

l)ec.  28,  1862. 
Kilburn  Edmond  B.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  died  at  Murfrees- 
boro, Feb.  24,  1863. 
Leahy  Jerry,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  trans,  to  5th  Wis.  Bat., 

Nov.  13,  1862. 
Luce  Jas.  G.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Love  Thompson  W.  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  died  Chattanooga 

July  12,  1864,  wds. 
Lillie  Francis  B.  e.  Aug.  8,'62,  disd.  March  i,  '65,  wds. 
Maynard  Rdw.  C.  e.Aug.  7, '62,  disd.  May  2o,'63,disab. 
Milliard  Wm.  R.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  disd.  May  ii,'63,  disab. 
Mather  Horace  F.  e.Aug.  12, '62,  disd.  Feb.  8, '63.  disab. 
Manning  Sam'l  H.  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  absent  sick  m.o.  regt. 
Manning  Isaac  D.  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  disd.  May  7, '63, disab. 
Pryse  David,  e.  Aug.  g.  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Pettibone  Amos,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.o.  June  10,  1865. 
Pett  t  Henry,  e.  Aue.  7, '62,  disd.  May  26,  '63,  disab. 
Rowley  Walter,  e.  July  26,  1S62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Ronbeck  Azure  C.  e.Aug. 8, "62,  disd.  July  13, '63,  aisab. 
Rogers  Wm.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Russell  Hiram  J.  e.   Aug.  8,  1862,  died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Dec.  29,  1862. 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   WAR   RECORD. 


333 


Ray  Chauncy,  e.  Aiig.9,'62,  111. o.  June  io,'6s,  as  Corpl. 
Roiish  John  M.  e.  Au;;.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  22,  1865. 
Saunders  Henry,  e.  Auc;.  6,  1S62,  m.o.June  10,  1865. 
Smith  Gei'.  c.  Aug.  7,  1862,  ni.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Stilwell  Hiram,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  kid.  at  Kenesaw  Mt., 

June  27,  1864. 
Steele  .•Mnier  C.  e.  .Aug.  7, '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65,  Corpl. 
Stone  Wm.  A.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  trans,  to  Inv.  Corps, 

Sept.  30,  1863. 
Schermerhorn  Geo.  C.  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.o.  June  10,   65, 

wounds. 
Strowd  Miles,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Seaion  Wm.  W.  e.  Aug,  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,   1865. 
Shores  Franklin,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  trans,  to  Inv.  Corps. 

Sept.  I,  1863. 
Stevens  Geo.  e.  Aug.  8,  '62,  disd.  Dec.   23,   '62,  disab. 
Stroh  Gustavus,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  May  26, 1865. 
Talbot  Henry  T.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  kidj  at  Mission  Ridge 

Nov.  25,  1863. 
Thoiijpson  Otha,  e.  Aug.  14,   1862,  died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn..  Jan.  3,  1863. 
VanAlstine  \V'aller,  e.  Aug.6. '62,  dis  I.May  6,'63,disab. 
Welch  Wm.  C.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  kid.  at   Pleasant   Hill, 

Ga.,  May  17,  1864. 
Welch  Carner  E.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.o.  June  10,  1865. 
Wheat  Chas.  H.  e.  Aug.  7. '62,  disd.  June  13, '63,  disab. 
Wheat  Geo.  T.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  22, '65,  wds. 
Webb  John  H.  e.  Aug.  8,  1862.  Corpl.,  died  at  Chatta- 
nooga, Tenn.,  June  2s,  1864,  wds.  rec'd  at  Reseca. 
Welsh  Fred'k,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C,  Jan. 

15,  1865. 
Warfield  Geo.  W.  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Williams  Wm.  H.  e.  Aug. 7, '62,  disd.  Feb.  27, '63. disab. 
Wemple  Edwin  H.e.  Aug. 8, '62,  absent  sick  at  m.o. regt. 
Woodruff  Ambrose  P.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  prmt.  Hospital 

Steward. 
Young  Walters,  e.  July  23, '62,  disd.  June  17, '63, disab.  ' 
Young  Andrew  J.  e.Aug.8,'62,  disd.  July  29/63,  disab. 

Bedell  Lyman  P.  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Crangle  Henry  J.  e.  March  15,  1865,   trans,  to  36th  I. 

V.  I.  June  7,  1865. 
Cunningham  Jos.  e.  Feb  27,  1865,  trans,  to  36th  I.V.I. 

^une  7,  1865. 
Fellows  Nicholas  S.    e.  Sept.  29,'64,  m.o.  June  10, '65. 
Goldy  B-nj.  D.e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Gustin  Whitman  E.  e.  Dec.  25,  1863,   died  at   Reseca, 

June  4,  1864,  wds. 
Hardy  Rufus,  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Hull  Warren  W.  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  10,  1S65. 
Hardy  John  D.  e.  Feb.  i,  1865,  trans,  to  36th  I.  V.  I. 

June  7,  1865. 
Manson  Jas.  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  lo,  1865. 
McCaiighey  Thos.M.e  Dec. 28, '63, disd. May  i8,'65,wds. 
Morgan  Josiah,  e.  Jan.  4,  1864,  trans,  to  36th  I.  V.  I. 

June  7,  1865. 
Stroud  Martin,  disd.  Oct.  20,  1864,  disab. 
Steel  Oringe  J.  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  died  at  Chattanooga, 

Nov.  5,  1864. 
Sweezy   Edw.  e.   Feb.    i,  1865,   trans,    to  36th  I.  V.  I. 

June  7.  1865. 
Stroud  Sylvester,  e.  April  5,  1865,  trans,  to  36th  I.  V.I. 

June  7,  1865. 
Taylor  John  G.  e.  Sept.  30,  1864,  m.  o.  June'io,  1865. 
West  Horatio,  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  May  15,  1865. 
Warner  Alex.  B.  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Company  E. 

Captain  Elias  Casper,  com.  Sept.  4,  1862.  Resigned 
Dec.  4,  1863. 

Captain  Alpheus  W.  Hlakesley,  e.  as  First  Sergeant 
Aug.  13,  1862.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  Sept. 
4,  1862.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant  Dec.  20, 1862. 
Promoted  Captain  Dec.  4,  186  ,.  Mustered  out 
June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Wm.  Powell,  com.  Second  Lieuten- 
ant .Sept.  4,  1862.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant 
Sept.  4,  1862.     Resigned  Dec.  20,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  Chas.  A.  Allen,  e.  as  private.  Pro- 
moted Sergeant,  then  First  Lieutenant,  Dec.  4, 
1863.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Wm.  P.  Sherman,  e.  as  Sergeant 
Aug.  7,  1862.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  Dec. 
20,  1862.     Resigned  May  7,  1863 

Second  Lieutenant  Jas.  C.  Babbett,  e.  as  Corporal 
Aug.  13,  1862.  Promoted  First  Sergeant,  then 
Second  Lieutenant,  May  7,  1863.  Mustered  out 
Oct.  29,  1863. 


Second  Lieutenant  Morgan  J.  Conradt,  e.  as  private 
Aug.  9,  1862.  Mustered  out  June  10,  1865,  as  First 
Sergeant.  Com.  Second  Lieutenant,  but  not 
mustered. 

Sergt.  Wm.  K.  Lippitt,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  reduced,  de- 
serted Nov.  I,  1863. 

Sergt.  Jas.  McAffee,e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  disd.  Jan.  7,'63, 
disab. 

Sergt.  Ebenezer  P.  C.  Webster,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd. 
Feb.  18,  1863,  as  private. 

Corpl.  Edw.  H.  Cook,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  died  at  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  March  16,  1863. 

Corpl.  Dwight  B.  Holdridge,  e.  Aug.  11.  1862,  died  at 
Miirfreesboro,  Tenn.,  Slarch  20,  1863. 

Corpl.  Jos.  L.  Grout,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  prmt.  Sergt.,  m. 
o.  June  10.  1S65,  as  private. 

Corpl.  Lewis  T.  Sweezey,  e  Aug.  14,  1862,  disd.  Jan. 
19,  1863,  disab. 

Corpl.  Jas.  L.  Sherman,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  Dec.  29, 

1862,  disab. 

Corpl.  Bartley  F.  Butler,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  9, 

1863,  disab. 

Corpl.  Norman  Clothier,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  private,  pa- 
roled prisoner,  m.  o.  June  9,  1865. 

Musician  Franklin  M.  Needham.  e.  Aug.  22,  1862, 
trans  to  g2d  I.  V.  I.  Sept.  4,  1862. 

Bat3s  Levi,.e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  22,  1863. 
Brown  Elbridge.e.  Aug.  11, '62,  disd    Jan.  27, '63, disab. 
Brown  Francis  C.  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  disd.  Jan.  15, '63,  disab. 
Blo's  Wm.  R.  e.  Aug.  13, '62,    disd.  Feb.  18,  '63,  disab. 
Brown  Franklin,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Banks  Horatio,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Banks  Reuben,    e.   Aug.  8,   1862,  trans,  to  Inv.  Corps, 

March  16,  1864. 
Braner  Augustus,  e.  Aug.  15,   1862,  Coipl.,  transferred 

to  Inv.  Corps,  May  15,  1864. 
Bacon  Chas.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  wounded  May  14,   1864, 

m.  o.   |une  3.  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Crosby  John,  e.  Aug.  11,  1S62,  disd.  Jan.  14,  '63,  disab. 
Christian  John,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Craig  William,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  died  at  Chattanooga, 

Dec.  10,  1863,  wds. 
Carey  Lewis  M.    e.  Aug.  12,  1862,   died   at    Nashville, 

Tenn.,  April  13,  1865. 
Creller  Lafayette,   e.  Aug.  12,  1862,   died   at    Atlanta, 

G.T.,  Sept.  26,  1864. 
Cliiie  David  M.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Collins  Michael,  e.  Aug. 13,  '62,  disd.  Jan.  15, '63, disab. 
Carman  Chauncy,  e.  Aug.  14, '62, disd.  Dec. 4. '63, disab. 
Corey  Hiram  F.  e.  Aug.  12,  1862,  trans,  to   V.  R.  C, 

Jan.  g,  1865. 
Chandler  John  S.   e.  Ai  g.  1%  1862,  wounded   May  17, 

1864,  m   o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Sergt. 

DavLs  John  Henry,  e.  Aug. 15, '62, disd. Oct. 13, '62, disab. 
Dawson  David,  e.  Aug.  15.  '62,  m.o.  June  10, '65, Corpl. 
Dillingham  Nathaniel,  e.  Aug.  14,  '62,  m.o.June  10,  05. 
Ewing  Cyrus,  e.  Aug.  14,  '62,  disd.  Mar.  5,  '63,  disab. 
Franklin  Elijah,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  dijd.  Feb. 21, '63,  disab. 
File  William.  N.   e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  Corpl.,  died  at   Big 

Sha'  ty,  Ga.,  July  2,  1864,  wds. 
Grammon  Sidney,  e.  Aug. 14, '62,  disd. Feb. 14, '63,  disab. 
Goodier  George,  e.  Aug.  15.  '62,  m.  o.  June  i,  1865. 
Harley  John  W.  e.  Aug.  12,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Henry  John  W.  e.  Aug.  13,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Hollem  Jones,  e.  Aug.  14,  1S62,  died  at  Lhattanooga, 

July  8,  1864,  wds. 
Hilton  Ellis,   e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  trans,  to  Invalid  Corps, 

July  I,  1863. 
Hubbard  Wilmington  J.  e.  Aug.  14,  '62,  disd.   May  18, 

1863,  disab. 
Holdridge  Charles  H.  e.  .'Vug.  7,  1862,  died  at  Gallatin, 

Tenn.,  Feb.  4,  1863. 
Hapgood  Howard,  e.  Aug.  15,  '62,  deserted  Sept.,  '62. 
Hartwell  Peter  A.  e    Aug.  15,   1862,  trans,  to  Invalid 

Corps,  Sept.  1,  1863. 
Hardy  Frank  S.  e.  Aug. 8,  '62,  disd.  Mar.  19, '65,  disab. 
Inman  William  J.  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Jewell  John,   e.  Aug.  13,  '62,  trans,   to  Invalid  Corps, 

Sept.  I,  1863. 
Jarvis  Myron  H.  e.  Aug.  14,  '62,  m.  o.  June  22,  1865. 
Jarvis  Harrison,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862,   died   at    Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Jan,  30,  1863. 
Kellner  Amos,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  disd.  Jan.,  1863,  disab. 
Lovitt  Benjamin  G.    e.  Aug.  13,  1862,   Sergt.,  died   at 

Marietta,  Ga.,  July  5,  1S64,  wds. 
McEwen  James,  e.  Aug. 7, '62,  m.  o.  June  io,'65,  Sergt. 
Miles  Hiram  A.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  wounded  Dec.  15, '64, 

m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 


334 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAR  EECORD. 


Moon  Camillus,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  disd.  Feb.  8,  '63,  disab. 

Murray  William  J.  e.  Aug. 15, '62,  m. O.June  io,'65,wds. 

Mulford  Eli  H.  e.  Aug.  15,  1862,  Corpl.,  died  at  Chat- 
tanooga, Tenn.,  Doc.  10,  1863,  wds. 

Prescott  Edward,  e.  Aug. 12, '62,  m.o.  June  io,'65,  wds. 

Peverill  William,  e.  Aug. 14, '62,  disd.  Mar.  15, '63,  disab. 

Parish  Lawson  L.    e.  Aug.  14  ,"62,  m.  o.  June  10,   1865. 

Perry  Marion  L.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  died  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  Feb.  15,  1863. 

Rogers  William,  e.  Aug.  14,  1S62,  wounded  Majr  14, 
1864,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corpl. 

Shaw  James,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  trans,  to  Inv.  Corps, 
Sept.  I,  1863. 

Smith  Julius  \.  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  Sergt.,  wounded 
IMov.  25,  1863. 

Schoonmaker  John,  e.  Aug.n,'62,disd.Jan.7,'63,  disab. 

Stringer  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  13,  '62,  m.  o.  May  ig,  1865. 

Snider  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  13,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65,  wds. 

Smith  James  M.  e.  Aug.  14,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Sheldon  Daniel  M.  e.  Aug.  15, '62. m.o. June  10. '65, Corpl. 

Tr.ivis  David,  e.  Aug.  n,  '62,  disd.  April  20, '63,  disab. 

TurnbuU  Adam,  e.  Aug.  13,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

'Tilbury  George,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  died  at  Big  Shanty, 
June  12,  1864,  wds. 

Woodworth  Henry,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  died  at  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  Dec   4,  1864. 

Woodruff  Levi  E.  e,  Aug.  14, '62, disd. Dec.18,'62, disab. 

Weaver  William,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

Wilson  Philetus  A.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  trans,  to  36th  1.  V. 
L,  June  7,  1865. 

Williams  Nathaniel  L.  e.  Aug.13,'62,  m.o.  June  10, '65. 

Webster  Watson  E.   e.  Aug.  14,  '62,  disd.  Jan.  7,  1863. 

Wheeler  Sterling  J.  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  trans,  to  Pioneer 
Corps,  Sept.  6,  1864. 

Zimmerman  James  T.  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  m.o.  June  10, '65. 

Jewell  Leiand  A.  disd.  Feb.  5,  1863,  disab. 
Smith  Cyrone,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Musician. 
Vandercook  William,  e.  Feb.  27,  1865,  trans,  to  36th  1. 

V.  L,  June  7,  1865. 
Washburn  Wm.  H.  H.  disd.  Oct.  13,  1862,  disab. 

Company  F. 

Captain  Henry  C.  Barker,  com.  Sept.  4,  1862.     Killed 

in  battle,  June  27,  1864. 
First    Lieutenant  Jerome   E.   Andrews,   com.  Sept.  4, 

1862,  Resigned  Jan.  19,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  Edwin  L.  Simpson,  e.  as  Sergeant 
Aug.  5,  1862.  Promoted  First  Sergeant;  then 
First  Lieutenant,  June  27,  1864.  Mustered  out 
June  10,  1S65. 

Second  Lieutenant  Jno.  Hartwell,  e.  as  private 
Aug.  4,  1862.  Mustered  out  June  10, 1865,  as  First 
Sergeant.  Commissioned  Second  Lieutenant,  but 
not  mustered. 

Sergt.  Henry  Heagle,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  died  at  Laverne, 
Tenn.,  Feb.  16,  1863,  wds. 

Sergt.  Rudolphus  W.  Peake,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  promoted 
Sergeant  Major. 

Sergt.  Charles  Burpee,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,   disd.  May  20, 

1863,  disab. 

Corpl.  Robert  B.  Archibald,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  disd.  July 
I,  '64,  to  accept  promotion  in  U.S. Colored  Troops. 

Corpl.  Sylvanus  O.  Troxell,  e.  Aug.  i,  1862,  Sergt., 
killed  at  Kenesaw  Mountain,  June  27,  1864. 

Corpl.   Floyd   Smith,  e.  July  25,  1862,  disd.    Oct.    29, 

1864,  as  Sergt.,  disab. 

Corpl.  Amasa  Work,  e.  July  3o,'62,disd.as  private,disab. 
Corpl.  Jacob    N.    Hoffman,   e.    Aug.    5,    1862,     m.  o. 

June  10,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Corpl.  George  W.  Rise,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  disd.  Nov.  6, 

1863,  disab.    • 
Corpl.  George  W.  Blakely,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  disd.  Apr. 

10,  1863,  disab. 
Musician  O.  Chauncey  Pettingill,  e.  Aug.  16,  '62,  died 

June  I,  1S64,  wds. 
Wagoner   Edward   Kelly,   e.  Aug.   12,    1862,   ^eserted 

Sept.  4,  1862. 

Andrews  J.  Newton,  e.  Aug.  4,  1862,  m.o.  June  10,  '65. 
Anderson  Charles,  e.  Aug.  11,  '62,  m.o.  June  10,  Sergt. 
Alexander  Lock  W.    e.  Aug.  12,  1862,   trans,  to  U.  S. 

Engineers,  July  30,  1864. 
Bixby   |.  Milton,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  ni.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Rixby  Levi,  e.  Aug   j,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  23,  '63,  disab. 
Brownell    Benjamin  j.  e.  Aug.  9,   1862,  disd.  Feb.  28, 

1863,  disab. 
Ballew  Christopher,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 


Coolidge  Eldridge  F.  e.  Aug.5,'62,m.o.June  io,'65,  Sgt. 
Crawford  Joseph  M.  e.  Aug.  8,  '62,  deserted  Nov.4,'62. 
Christman  Andrew  J.  e. Aug. 11, '62, deserted  Oct. 10, '62. 
Clark  Elias,  e.  Aug.  11,  '62,  disd.  Jan.  28,   63,  disab. 
Davis  James,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  Corpl.,  died  at  Murfrees 

boro,  Tenn.,  Jan,  16,  1863. 
DavidsonR.Anrlrew.e.  Aug.i4,'62,disd.Deci4.'62,disab. 
Eychawer  Richard,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  died  at  Anderson- 

ville  prison,  July  15,  1864,   No.  of  grave,  3,373. 
Erichson  Charles  C.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  m.  o.  May  24,  1865. 
Fuller  Lemuel,  e.  Aug.  9,  18*2,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Fislier  George  W.   e.  Aug.  8,  1862,   killed   at   Mission 

Ridge,  Nov.  5,  1864. 
Fitzgerald  Michael,  e.  Aug. 11,  '62,  deserted  Mar. 3, '63. 
Goodwin  Benjamin,  e.Aug.6,'(i2,disd.Mar.i7,'63,disab. 
Greenbaum  Job,   e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  deserted  Nov.  5,  1863. 
Hallock  Hiram,  e.  Aug.  4,  1862,  killed  at  Dallas,  Ga., 

May  28,  1864. 
Houghtan  George  W.  e.  Aug.  g,  1862,  killed  at  Dallas, 

Ga.,  May  30,  1864. 
Jeckies  William  O.  e.  Aug.iT,'62,  disd.Mar.i5,'63,wds. 
John  Daniel  T.  e.  Aug.  5,  i8')2,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
John  Cephus  D.  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  m.o. June  10, '65,  Sergt. 
Johnson  Albert,   e.   Aug.  4,   1862,   died   at    Nashville, 

I'enn.,  Jan.  3,  1863. 
Jones  Frank,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  trans,  to  Mississippi  Ma- 
rine Brigade,  March  7,  1863. 
Kennedy  Henry,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  i,  '62. 
Keating  Hugh,  e.  Aug.  4,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Kimball  Newell,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  died  Gallatin,  Tenn., 

Feb.  10,  1863. 
Lagrange  Robert,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 
Lawrence  Russell   B.    e.  Aug.  5,  1862,    died    at   Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  Nov.  26,  1862. 
Lewis  Richard,  e.  July  22,  1862,  taken  prisoner,  died  at 

Savannah,  Ga.,  Sept.  30,  1864. 
Luce  Stephen,   c.  Aug.  29,   1862,   died    at    Nasliville, 

Tenn.,  Aug.  16,  1863. 
Lowe  Levi  B.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Manson  William,   e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C, 

Sept.  30,  1863. 
Mack  Erastus,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  disd.  Dec.  14,  1862. 
Manning  Geo.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  16,  1863. 
Miles  Walter  W.  e.  Aug.  31,  1862,  deserted  Oct.  15.  '62. 
O'Brien  Henry,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862,  ni.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Patterson  John,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  trans.  U.S.E.  July  4, '64. 
Rood  Homer  M.  e.  July  22.  '62,  disd.  April  6, '63,  disab. 
Read  Marshall,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  deserted  Oct.  10,  1862. 
Smith  Jas.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  deserted  Sept.  4,  1862. 
Smith  Dan.  D.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862.  disd. Sept.  28, '64,  disab. 
Sanders  Levi  S.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Staats  Abyrum,  e.  Aug.  i,'62,  disd.  Dec.  30,  '63,  disab. 
Thomas  Jno.  C.  c.  Aug.  14,  1862,  m.  o.  Juufe  10,  1865. 
Thomas  Orville  P.  e.  Aug.  14,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 

as  Corpl. 
Turner  Wm.  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  deserted  Oct.  15,  1862. 
Woodruff  Orlando,  e.  Aug.  11, '62, disd.  Aug.  15, '63, disab. 
Whyciff  Wm.  e.Aug.  9,  1862,  disd.  Dec.  30,  1862,  disab. 

Company  H. 

Captain  Theron  R.  Hurlbut,  e.  as  Sergeant,  Aug.  6, 
1862.  PVomoted  Second  Lieutenai't  Feb.  i,  1863. 
Promoted  First  Lieutenant  Nov.  16,  1863.  Pro- 
moted Captain  Aug.  3,  1864.  Mustered  out  June, 
10,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Samuel  Whitmyer,  com.  Sept.  4,  1862. 
Resigned  Feb.  i,  1863. 

First  Lieutenant  Chas.  W .  Harvey,  e.  as  First  Sergeant 
Aug.  6,  1862.    Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  Oct.  10, 

1862.  Promoted    First    Lieutenant  Feb.    i,    1863. 
Resigned  Nov.  16,  1863. 

First  Lieutenant  Alfred  W.  Randall,  e.  as  Sergeant, 
Ang.  6,  1862.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant  Aug.  3, 
1864.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Andrew  J.  Belts,  com.  Sept.  4,  1862. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  10,  '62,  for  absence  without  leave  . 

Second  Lieutenant  Chester  A.  Weston, e.  as  private  Aug. 
8,  1862.  Mustered  out  June  10,  1S65,  as  First  Ser- 
geant. Commissioned  Second  Lieutenant  but  not 
mustered. 

Sergt.  Horace  S.  Past,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  died  Jan.s'63,wds. 

Corpl.  Jno.  H.  Gettel,  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65, 
as  Sergt. 

Corpl.  Saml.  N.  Carpenter,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  disd  May  6, 

1863,  disab. 

Corpl.  Jacob  F.  Woodring,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  May 
24,  1863,  disab. 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   WAR   RECORD. 


335 


Corpl.  Chas.  T.  Manchester,  e.  Aug.  g,  '62,  disd.  Feb. 
7,  1863,  disab. 

Corpl.  Win,  R.  Heuston,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Jan.  7, 
i86j,di.-ab. 

Corpl.  Jno.  R.  McKiiiley,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  died  at  Chat- 
tanooga, July  21,  1864,  wds. 

Corpl.  And.  N.  Kockted.e.  Aug.  9,'62,m.o.  June  io,|6s. 

Musician  Geo.  A.  Heard,  e.  Aug  6,'62,  prmt.  Principal 
Musician. 

Music'n  .Stanley  Lockwood,e. Aug. 7, '62,01. O.June  io,'6s. 

Wagoner  .Asa  C  Upham,  e.  Aug.  7.  '62,  disd.  April  30, 
1863,  disab. 

Austin  Rufus  B.  e.  Aug.  7, 1862,  deserted  Oct.  4,  1862. 
Anderson  Halvor  0.e.Aug.9,'62,disd.June  i8,'63,disab. 
Allen  Geo.  E.  e.  Aug.  q,  '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  Sergt. 
Buttertield  Alvin  J.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  kid.  at  Stone  River, 

Dec.  31,  1862. 
Brown  .Aseph  W.e.  .Aug.  g,'62,trans.  V.R.C.  Aug. i, '63. 
Branc  Abraham,  e.  Aug.  11,  '62,  disd.  June  i5,'63,disab. 
Chambers  |ohn  H.e. Aug. 9/62,  trans.  V. R.C.Aug. 1,63. 
Clark  Jas.  e.  Aug.  11,  '62,  m.o.  June  lo,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Drake  Rich'd  R.  e.  Aug.  7,  '62,  captured  Feb.  22,  '64. 
Dickerson  Geo.  N.e.  Aug. 9, '62,  prmt.  Hospital  Steward. 
Duch  rme  Geo.  E.  e. Aug. 9, '62,  disd.  Dec.  i6,'62,disab. 
Evins  Alphonso  H.  e. Aug.  8, '62, disd. Feb.  22, '63, disab. 
Evins  Wesley,   e.  Aug. 9,  '62,  disd.  Feb.  i6,  1864,  as  ist 

Sergt.,  to  accept  appointment  in  U.  S.  C.  T. 
Elliott  Win.  J.  e.  Aug.  11, '62, trans.  V.R.C. July  27, '64. 
Goodrich    Henry  J.e.    Aug.  9,   1862,  died  at  Chatta- 
nooga. Aug.   14,  1864,  wds. 
Hanson  Anderson,  e.  Aug.  ii,  1062,  died  at  Nashville, 

1  enn.,  Feb.  9,  1863. 
Landers  Timothy  E.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  m.  o.  May  11,  1865. 
Larson  Gunder,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  disd. Feb.  23,  '63,  disab. 
MciMan  Patrick,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  10, '65, Corpl. 
Miller  Edson,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  16,  1865,  wds. 
Mullin  Wm.  e.  Aug.  11,  1862,  deserted  Dec.  31,  1863. 
Peck  Rich'd  R.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  June  5,  '64,  disab. 
Panley  Michael,  e.Aug.  9,  '62,  m.o.  June  10, '65,  Corpl. 
Pitcher  Benj.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd. June  lO,  1865,  Sergt. 
Phipps  Saml.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  26,  1863,  disab. 
Paulson  Jno.  H.  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  disd  March  20.  63,  disab. 
Putnam  Chas.H.  e.-Aug.  ii,'62.  disd.  Dec.  17, '63, disab. 
Rice  Zina,  e.Aug. 8, '62,  kid.  by  R.R. accident, Oct. 7, '64. 
Ripley  Alvara,e.  Aug.  8,1862,  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Dec.  30,  1862. 
Rocksted  Jno.  N.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  died  at  Chattanooga, 

May  29,  1864,  wds. 
Reed  Edwin  S.  e.  Aug.  9,  '62,  Sergt.,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 

Aug.,  1863. 
Randall  W'm.  H.  e.Aug.  11, '62,  disd.  Mch.  8, '63,  disab. 
Simcox  Curtis,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Sherman  Edwin  M. e.Aug. 9, '62, m.o. June  10, '65,  Corpl. 
Shay  Jno.  e.  Aug.  i^  i8';2,  trans.  V.  R.  C.  Oct.  i,  1864. 
Turney  And.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  trans,  to  V.R.C.lAug.1,'63. 
Thomason  Thos.  e.  Aug. 8, '62,  disd.  Mch.  2, '63,  disab. 
True  Jas.  R.  e.  .Aug. 7, '62, trans,  to  V.R.C.  July  — ,  '64. 
Vinton  Henry,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  m.o.  June  10,  '65,  Corpl. 
VanvaU  enbuig  Henry,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  disd.  Dec.  30,  '62, 

disab. 
Webster  Minor  A.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Weaver  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  May  27,  1865. 
Wright    Franklin  G.   e.  Aug.  7,  186?,  died  at   Gallatin, 

Tenn.,  Dec.  18,  1862. 

Larson    Peter,   e.  Dec.  3,  1863,  m.  o.  May  29,  1865. 
Petterson  Peter  A.  e.  Dec,  3,  '63,  kid.  at  Kenesaw  Mt,, 
June  23,  1864. 

Company  K. 

Captain  Butler  Ward,  com.  Sept.  4,  1862.  Resigned 
March  25,  1863. 

Captain  Henry  N.  Baker,  com.  First  Lieutenant  Sept. 
4,  1862.  Promoted  Captain  March  75,  1863.  Re- 
signed Oct.  21,  1863. 

Captain  Albert  G.  Lakin,  com.  Second  Lieutenant 
Sept.  4,  1862.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant  March 
25,  1863.  Promoted  Captain  Oct.  21,  1863.  I^Ius- 
tered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  VV  m.  Cain,  e.  as  Sergeant  Aug.  4, 
1862.  Promoted  First  Sergeant,  Sergeant  Major. 
Mustered  out  June  10,  1865.  Com.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, but  not  mustered. 

Sergt.  Henry  V.  Freeman,  e.Aug.  6,  1862,  First  Sergt., 
disd.  Aug.  23,  1863,  for  promotion  in  Col'd  Regt. 

Sergt. Daniel  Hawn,  e.  Aug,  6,  1862,  First  Sergt.  trans, 
to  V.  R.  C.  Sept.  23,  1864. 

Sergt,  Reuben  R.  Garlick.e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  kid.  in  ac- 
tion, Dec.  31,  1862. 


Corpl.  Thos.  W.  Sherratt,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  March 
13,  1863,  wds. 

Corpl.  Moses.  C,  Felmy,  e,  Aug.  9,  1862,  kid.  in  actirn, 
Dec,  30,  1862. 

Corpl.  Geo.  A.  Pardee,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  kid.  at  Galla- 
tin, Tenn.,  Jan.  20,  1863. 

Corpl.  John  P.,  Gaspares,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  kid.  inaction 
Dec.  31,  1862. 

Corpl.  Lester  S.  Sweezy,  e.  Aug.  8, 1862,  disd.  Dec.  15, 

1862,  disab. 

Corpl.   Horace   B.  Utter,  [e.  Aug.  6,   1862,  m.  o.  June 

10,  1865,  a-  Sergt. 
Corpl.  John  M.  Brooks,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  died   at  Mur- 

freesboio  Feb.  13,  1863. 
Corpl.  Edwaro  C.  Moffatt,  e.  Aug.  g,  1862,  m.  o.  June 

8,  1865,  as  private. 
Musician  John  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  5, '62,  m.o.  June  lo,  '65. 
Musician  Asher  Miller,  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  prmt.  Fife  Maj. 
Wagoner  Aug,  C.  Bushnell,  e.   Aug.  6,    1861,  died  at 

Huntsville,  Ala.,  Jan  14,  1865. 

Addison  Wm.  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  disd. Feb.  4, '63,  disab. 
Agnew  Wm.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  Nov.  19,  '62,  disab. 
Anderson  Adolph,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  kid.  in  action  Dec. 

31,  1862. 
Anderson  Wesley  B.  x.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10, '65. 
Baird  Abel,  Jr.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  died  at  Gallatin, Tenn., 

Dec.  23,  1862. 
Bander  Judson  J.  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  disd.  Feb. iS, '63,  disab. 
Blake  Buel  J.  e.  Aug,  7,    1862,  captured  at  Kenesaw, 

June  27,  1864. 
Blomquest  Swen  John,  e,  Aug,  7,  1862,  disd,  March  15. 

1863,  disab. 

Bordwell   Wm.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Brown  Arthur  P.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.   Oct.  28,   1864, 

as  Sergt.,  wounds. 
Bryan   Richard,    e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  died  at  Evansville, 

Ind.,  Jan.  8,  1865. 
Brydges  Wm.    H.  e.    Aug.  8,1862,  disd.  for  disab.,  at 

Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
Burns  Thos.  e,  Aug.  7,  1862,  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 

Jan.  5,  1863. 
Cain  Chas.  e.  /\ug.  8,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Caswell  Francis  H.  e.Aug.  7,  1862,  died  at   Richmond, 

Va.,  Feb.  7,  1863,  wds. 
Churchill  JohnN.  e,  Aug.  12, '62,disd. Oct. io,'63, disab. 
Clay  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  May  23,  1865. 
Clothier  Cyrus,  e,  Aug,  7,   1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Cone  Chas.   M.  e.   Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,   to  V.   R.  C, 

March  13,  1865. 
Coons  Wm.  D.  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Cotton  Chas.  L.  e.  Aug.  §,'62,  disd.  July  i6,'64,  disab. 
Cudner  Albert  M.  e.  Aug.  6,  1S62,  disd.  Nov.  19,  1864, 

to  accept  promotion  in  42d  Col'd  Regt. 
FoUett  Chas.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  3,  '63,  disab. 
Follett  John,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  disd.  M.y  10,  1863,  disab. 
Foster  Milton  D.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  disd.  Feb.  21, '63,  disab. 
Fountain  Horace,  e.  Aug.  2,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Fraley  John  M.  e.  Aug.  s,  1862,  m.  o.  June  15,  1865. 
Garlick  Geo.  L.  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  disd,  Jan,  19,  '63,  disab. 
Gorham  Chas,  e,   Aug,  5,   1862,   Corpl,  died   July  28, 

1864,  wounds, 

Gould  Edmund  E,  e.  Aug.  4,  1862,  trans,  to  U.  S.  E., 

Aug.  26,  1864. 
Haight  Sam'l  E.  e.  Aug.  7, '62, disd.  Jan.  17, '63,  disab. 
Harris  Stephen    N.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Jan.  6,  1863. 
Horton  Geo.  W.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Hyer  Wm.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  April  17,  1863,  disab. 
Johnson  Andrew,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,    to  V.  R.   C. 

March  16,  1865. 
Knison   Lewis,  e.  Aug.   7,  1862,  died  at  New  Albany, 

Ind.,  Dec.  23,  1862. 
Mabis   Hiram  C.   e.  Aug.  6,    1862,  died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Jan.  15,  1863. 
McComb  John  H.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
McGookin  Arthur,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.o.  June  10,  1865. 
IManderville  David,  e.Aug. 9, '62,  disd. Dec.  15. '62, disab. 
Marske  Chas.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  disd.  March  i5,_'63,  disab. 
Marsh  Leonard,  e.  Aug.  5, '62,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65,  Sergt. 
Martin  Aaron  H.  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  trans,  to  V.R.C.  in '64. 
Morton  Horace  W.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.o.  June  10,  1865. 
Parland  Jas.  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.o.  J  une.  10, '65,  ist  Sergt. 
Parmele  Marcus  S.  e.  Aug.  6,  1802,  m.  o.  June  10,  '65. 
Parmele  Marius   W.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862,  kid.  in  action, 

Dec.  31,  1862. 
Pels  Wm.  J.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,  to  V.  R.C.,  in  1863. 
Regan  Jas.  e.  Aug.  6,   1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  Coipl. 
Robinson  Alba  G.  e.  Aug.  6,  1S62,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
RothwellWm.  A.  e.'Aug.  7,'62,m.o.  June  io,'6s,Corpl. 


336 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAK  EECORD, 


Rueer  Wm.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Rudherg  John  Z.  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  m.o.  May  i3,'65,Corpl. 
SchellengerHenry  C.e.Aug.6,'62,disd.Apnl  2,'63,disab. 
.Shirratt  John  H.  e.  Aug.  7,  1S62,   Corpl.,   disd.    June 

22,  1864,  for  promotion  in  Col'd  Regt. 
Smith  Robt.  G.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10.  1865. 
Sweet    Renj.    G.   e.  Aug.  6,   1862,  trans,   to.  V.  R.  C. 

Nov.  28,  1803. 
Tanner  Henry,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  m.  o.  June  io,'6s,  Corpl. 
Teachout  Carlos,  e.  Aug.12,'62,  disd. Nov.  11  '62,disab. 
Teachout  Gilbert,  e.  Aug.  6, '62.  disd.  Dec. 11, '62,  disab. 
Thoreson  John,  e.  Aug.  S,'62,  disd.  July  30, '63,  disab. 
Ubbing  Ferdinand, e. Aug.  8/62,  disd.  Uec.i5,'62,disab. 
Vail    Edward   E.    e.   Aug.   7,   1862,   died  at  Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Jan.  19,  1863. 
Vail  John  P.  e.  Aug.  6,  '62,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  in  1863. 
Walsh  Tnos.  e.  Aug.  2, '62,  m.  o.    June  10,  1865,  Corpl. 
Ward  Anson,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Weatherly  Alford,   e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  trans,  to  U.  S.  E., 

July  27,  1864. 
Willis  Wm.  A.  e.  Aug.  6,  1862,  disd.  Aug.  I3,'63,disab. 
Wilmarth  Chas.  H.  e.  Aug.  7,  1862,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C, 

Aug.  I,  1863. 
Worthly   Edw.   e.    Aug.   5,    1862,   died   at    Nashville, 

Tenn.,  Jan  10,  1863. 
Wortman  Wm.H.e.Aug.  7. '62,  m.o.  June  10, '65,  Sergt. 
Wood  Gustavus  H.  e.Aug.6,'62,  disd.  Feb.  18, '63, disab. 

Brown  Robt.  R.  e.  Nov.  30,  1863,  missing  in  action  at 

Kenesaw  Mountain,  Ga.,  June  57,  1864. 
Goslin  Robt.  e.  Nov.  30,  1863,  trans,  to  36th  I.  V.  I., 

June  7,  1865. 
McKay  Wm.  H.  e.  Dec.  29,  1863,  trans,  to  36th  I.V.  I. 

June  7,  1865 
McKay  Jas.  E.  e.  Dec.  29,  1863,  died  at  Chattanooga, 

June  22,  1864. 

Boyce  John  J.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864. 

Carman  John  E.  e.  Feb.  27,  1865,   m.  o.  May  29,  1865. 

Hussey  Josiah,  e.   Dec.  29,  1S63. 

Morehouse  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  31,  1864. 

Ray  Marshall,  e.  March  15,  1865,  m.  o.  June  3,  1S65. 

OOtJi  Infantry, 

The  Ninetieth  Infantry  Illinois  Volunteers  was  or- 
ganized at  Chicago,  Illinois,  in  August,  September, 
and  October,  1862,  by  Colonel  Timothy  O'Aleara. 
Moved  to  Cairo.  November  27th,  and  to  Columbus, 
Ky.,  30th.  From  thence  proceeded  to  Lagrange,  Ten- 
nessee, where  the  regiment  arrived  December  2d.  On 
the  4th,  ordered  to  Cold  Water,  Mississippi,  where  it 
relieved  the  Twenty-ninth  Wisconsin  Infantry.  On 
the  morning  of  20th  December,  a  detachment  of  Second 
Illinois  Cavalry  arrived  at  Cold  Water,  having  cut 
their  way  through  Van  Dorn's  forces,  out  of  Holly 
Springs.  Soon  after,  four  companies  of  One  Hundred 
and  First  Illinois  ca  iie  in,  and  were  followed  by  the 
enemy  to  our  lines.  The  demonstr.itions  made  by  the 
Ninetieth  deterred  the  enemj'  from  making  any  severe 
attack,  although  he  was4,oooor  5,ooostrong,  and,  after 
some  skirmishing,  he  withdrew.  The  regiment  was 
mustered  out  of  service  June  6,  '865,  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  arrived  at  Chicago,  June  12,  1865,  where  it 
received  final  pay  and  discharge. 

Major  Patrick  Flynn,  com.  Captain  Co.  A,  Aug.  i, 
1862.  Promoted  Major,  March  6,  1863.  Honorably 
discharged.  May  15,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeant,  Lawrence  H.  Bracken,  com. 
Aug.  5,  1862.     M  ustered  out  June  6,  1865. 

Company  A. 

Captain  Jas.  Conway,  com.  First  Lieutenant,  Aug.  i, 
1862.  Promoted  Captain.  Commission  canceled. 
Killed  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Captain  Daniel  Corcran.com.  Second  Lieutenant,  Aug. 
I,  1862.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant,  March 6,  1863. 
Commission  canceled.  Promoted  Captain  March 
6,1863.     Mustered  out  June  6, 1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Andrew  Phinney,  e.  as  First  Sergeant, 
Aug.  5,  1862.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant,  March 
6,  1863.  Commission  canceled.  Com.  First  Lieu- 
tenant, Nov.  25,  1863.     Honorably  disd.  May  15. '65. 

Sergt.  Michael  Redmond,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  disd.  Nov. 
27, 1862. 


Sergt.  Chas.  Stuart,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6, 1865, 

as  First  Sergt. 
Sergt   M.  Hayes,  e.  Aug.  3,  1862,  died  March  28,  1864. 
Sergt.  Owen  Smith,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  died  Oct.  11,  1863. 
Corpl.   Maurice   Kane,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov. 

20,  1S62. 
Corpl.  Jos.  Whalen,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  '65, 

as  Sergt. 
Corpl.  J.  S.  O'Brien,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  '65. 
Corpl.  Robert  Gubbins,  e.  Aug.  5,  1S62,  died  at  Mem- 

phi',  Oct.  II,  1863. 
Corpl.  Jos.  P.  Wnalen,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  disd.  March  i, 

1864,  as  Sergt.,  wds. 
Corpl.   H.  Devine,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,   died  at  Rockford, 

111.,  Sept.  27,  1863. 
Corpl.  I\I.  Lane,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  died  Sept.  12,  1863. 
Musician  R.  Listen,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,   m.  o.  June  6,  '65. 

Bracken  L.  H.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862.     Promoted  Com.  Sergt. 

m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Burns  M.,  Jr.,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,   ileserled  Nov.  24,  1862. 
Burke  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  27,  1862. 
Butler  Thos.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  '65,  Corpl. 
Buckley  C.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  '65,  Corpl. 
CoUighan  Jas.  Jos.  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  deserted  May  31,  '64. 
Condon  Jas.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  22,  1862. 
Campbell  John,  e.   Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  24,  1864, 

pris.  war. 
Cullen  Wm.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  26,  1862. 
Conner  Eugene,  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  deserted  Nov.  26,  '62. 
Conley  Thos.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  kid.  Dec.  13,  1864. 
Corcoran  Patrick,  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  disd.  May  16,  '65, disab. 
Cronin  Patrick,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  16,  1862. 
Dewin  M.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  16,  1862. 
Dwir'.-  Martin,  e.  Aug.  5,  1S62,  m   o.  June  6,  1865. 
Devlin  M.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  29,  1862. 
Dowd  Dennis,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Doyle  Thos.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1805. 
Donahoe  Bernard,  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  deserted  Jan.  16,  '63. 
Devine  Henry,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Fitzpatrick  Wm.  e.  Aug.  s,  1862,   died  in  rebel  prison, 

Oct.  25,  1864. 
Fitzgerald  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  26,  '62. 
Fitzgerald  Rich'd,  e.  Aug.  5,  1S62,  sick  at  m.  o. 
Fitzgerald  Wm.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Gaffeny  Patrick,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Galvin  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  kid.  Aug.  13,  1864. 
Harrity  Neal,  e.  Aug.  5,  '62,  ni.  o.  June  24,  '65,  was  pris. 
Heffernan  B.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  65,  was  pris. 
Harrington  D.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  Corpl., kid.  Nov.  25, '64. 
Kirby  Patrick,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1S65. 
Kearns  Thos.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  26,  1862. 
Kane  Hugh,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  died  Nov.  16,  1S64. 
Kane  Thos.  e.  Aug.  5.  1862,  deserted  Nov.  26,  1862. 
Kehoe  John,   e.   Aug.   5,  1862,  died  at  Memphis,  Oct. 

12,  1863. 
Lamb  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862, died  at  Lafayette,  Tenn., 

April  25,  1863. 
Lilas  Nicholas,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Lauglmam  Thos.   e.  Aug.  5,   1862,   died   at  Memphis, 

Oct.  II,  1863. 
Londregan  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  26,'62. 
Leahey  Wm.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  26,  1862. 
Lane  M.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  '65,  as  Wagoner. 
McGrath  Owen,  e.  Aug.  Si  1S62,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Melia  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862, deserted  Nov.  20,  1862. 
McMahon  Hugh,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865, 

as  Sergt. 
Murphy  Wm.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Moore  Jas.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m   o.  June  6,  1865. 
Murphy  D.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,   trans,    to   Invalid   Corps, 

March  10,  1865. 
McGarry  Thos.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Nov.  25,  1862. 
Moran  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  Oct.  10,  1862. 
Murphy  Jas.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  June  9,  1862. 
McGrath  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1S65. 
McLaughlin  Wm.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  kid.  Nov.  25,  1863. 
McMahon  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1S65. 
McCarthy  Edw.  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
O'Donnell  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  trans,  to  Co.  G,  48th 

I.  V.  I. 
O'Neil  Francis,  e.  Aug.  5,1862,  disd.  Mch.  7, '65, disab. 
Ricely  Owen,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  deserted  June  9,  1863. 
Smith  James,  e.  Aug.  5,  1865,  died  Miss.,  Sept.  21,   63. 
Sullivan  John,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Tovey  John,  e.  Aug.  5,   1862,   Sergt.,   absent  wounded 

at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Vaughn  Dennis,  e.  Aug.  s,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6.  1865. 
Wood  James,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 


c^.  y^^^z^^- 


DURAND 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAR  KECOKD. 


339 


Young  Geo.  e.  Aug.  s,  1863,   died  at   Jackson,  Miss., 

July  23,  1863. 
Gray  Robert,  e.  Jan.  24,  1865,  trans,  to  48th  I.  \'.  I. 
Listen  Richd.  2d,  deserted  Sept.  i,  1862. 

14:1st  Infantry  (100  days). 

Adjutant  General  gives  no  history. 

Captain  King  H.  Millikin,  com.  June  16,1864,  Mus- 
tered out  Oct.  lo,  1804. 

First  Lieutenant  Jos.  H.  Burns,  com.  June  16,1864. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  10,  1S64. 

Second  Lieutenant  Geo.  W.  Tracy,  com.  June  16,  1864. 
Mustered  out  Oct.  10,  1S64. 

Andrews  S.  A.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1S64. 
Atkinson  Jas.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Atkins  Walker,  e.  May  13,  1S64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1S64. 
Ashford  A.  e.  ^L1y  14,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Bierer  E.  H.  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Bird  Allen  T.  e.  May  17,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Blair  J.  A.  e.  NLiy  14,  1S64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1S64. 
Brewster  John  H.  e.  ^Lay  2,  1864,  m.  o.    Oct.  10,  1864. 
Bowman  Chas.  e.  May  lo,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Briggs  F.  F.  e.  May  13,  1864.  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Corcoran  James,  e.  May  17, 1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Crawford  C.  F.  A.  e.  May  17,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1S64. 
Cook  Ami-s,  e.  May  14. 1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864,  Coipl. 
Collins  Thos.  e.  ALiy  9,  1S64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1S64. 
Campbell  E.  A.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Conner  Jos.  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  to,  1864. 
Cook  Daniel,  e.  May  15.  1S64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
"Campbell  Chester,  e.  May  18,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Cushinan  C.  \V.  e.  May  8,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Detrick  C.  B.  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.o.  Oct.  10.  '64,  Sergt. 
Dillon   Jno.  e.  May  13,  1S64,  m.o.  Oct.   10,  1864,  Corpl. 
Devondorf  L.  A.  e.  RLay  17,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1S64. 
Dickerson  Jas.  L.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,    1864. 
Davis  Sidney,  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Derwent  Chas.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
D.ivis  Chas.   I\L  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Dale  E.  E.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Doolittle  Edwin  H.  e.  May  2,  1864,  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Dunwell  Oliver,  e.  M.<y  17,  1864,  deserted  at  Elgin.  111. 
Eaton  Jas.  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Forsyth  Geo.  A.  e.  May  18,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Ford  Patrick,  e.  May  18,1864,  m.o.  Oct.  10,  1864,  Corpl. 
Foote  E.  H.  e.  May  17,  1864   m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Fuller  E.  B.  e.  May  17,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Gustin  H.  W.  e.  May  18,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Goakey  Jos.  e.  May  16,  1864,  m.o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Gable  \Vm.  e.  May  9,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Henry  Clayton,  e.  May  18,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Henry  Merritt,  e.  May  10,  1804,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Higely  Noah  D.  e.  May  21,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.   10,  1864. 

Holmquest  A.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, 1864. 

Helmer  Henj.  F.  e.  May  15. '64,  died  at  Columbus,  Ky., 
Aug.  II,  1864. 

Jones  W'm.  H.  e.  May  17,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Kathen  W.  e.  May  16,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Keyser  M.  e.  May  6,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Kesler  Jerry,  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Lyon  H.  W.  e.  May  16,  '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  '64,  Corpl. 

Lightheart  ^L  e.  May  15,  1S64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Lacy  \Vm.  B.  e.  May  15,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Lovesee  Edwin    K.  e.  May  4,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Lightheart  H.  J.  e.  May  15,  1864,  ra.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Mowatt   J.  M.  e.  May  2.  '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  '64,  Corpl. 

Morris  Chas.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Madegan  Thos.  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Palmer  \Vm.  H.  e.  May  16,  1864,  m.  o   Oct.  10,  1864. 

Pritchard  M.  J.  e.  -May  18, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, '64,  Sergt. 

Post  W.  \V.  e.  May  10,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  lo,  1864,  Corpl. 

Perry  David  B.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Pease  Warren  c.  May  15.  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Rowland  R.  C.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.o.  Oct.  10,  '64,  Sergt. 

Reid  John,  e.  May  12,  1864,  m.o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Riddell  Eugene,  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Reed  Loyal  W.  e.  May  lo,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Rh.  des  K.  e.  May  16,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Ryan  John,  e.  May  12,  1864,  deserted. 

Riddell  Frank,  e.  May  12.  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Rogers  Hanly,  e.  May  16,  1864,  died  at  White  Rock, 
111.,  Sept.  10,  1864. 

Rogers  Byron,  e.  May  17,  1864,  never  mustered  in. 

Sabin  Melvin,  e.  May  16,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

Stearns  Ambrose,  e.  May  10,  '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  64,  as 
ist  Sergt. 

19 


Stevens  Solomon,  c.  May  12, '64,  m.o.  Oct.10,'64,  Corpl. 
Snively  Owen  D.  e.  May  i,  1864,  m,  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Twogood   O.  J    e.  May  5,  '64,  in.  o.  Oct.  lo,  '64,  Sergt. 
Tufts  Simeon,  c.  May  u,  m.  o.  Oct.  10.  1864. 
Upstone  Wm.H.  e.  May  ri,'64,  m.o.  Oct.  10, '64,  Corpl. 
VanBrocklin  John,  e.  ftlay  13,  1864,  m.o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Warner  W.  F.  e.  May  8,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Warner  C.  H.  e.  May  18,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Werner  Geo.  e.  May  17,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Youngman   A.  M.  c.  May   11,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 
Youngman  S.  W.  c.  May  i6,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1864. 

llGth   Infantry  (one  year,) 

The  One  Hundred  and  Forty-sixth  Illinois  Volunteers 
was  organized  at  Camp  Butler,  Illinois,  Sept.  18,  1864, 
for  one  year,  «nd  Henry  H.  Uean  appointed  Colonel. 
Companies  C  and  B  were  ordered  to  Brighton,  Illinois, 
Companies  D  and  H  to  Quincy,  Illinois,  and  Co. 
F  to  Jacksonville,  Illinois,  and  were  assigned  to 
duty  guarding  drafted  men  and  substitutes.  The 
remaining  companies  were  assigned  to  similar  duty  at 
Camp  Butler,  Illinois.  On  5th  July,  1865,  the  regiment 
was  mustered  out  of  service  at  Camp  Butler,  Illinois. 
Colonel  Henry  H.  Dean,  com.  Captain  Co.  B,  Sept.  17, 

1864.     Promoted  Colonel,  Sept.  20, 1864.     Mustered 

out  July  8,  1865. 
Quartermaster  Gideon   V.    Carr,   com.  Sept.  20,  1864. 

Died  at  Quincy,  111.,  April  21,  1865. 
Sergeant  Major   Abraham    M.  Manny,    com.  Aug.  29, 

1864.  Mustered  out   July  8,  1865. 

Principal  Musician  Ascher  Miller,  com.  Aug.  29,  1864. 
Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Company  B. 

Captain  Frank  M.  Needham,  com.  Frst  Lieutenant, 
Sept.  17,  1864.  Promoted  Captain,  Sept.  20,  1864. 
Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  lieutenant  Dennis  W.  Grippen,  com.  Second 
Lieutenant,  Sept.  17,  1864.  Promoted  First  Lieu- 
tenant, Sept.  20,  1864.     Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Jno.  Barsby,  e.  as  First  Sergeant, 
Aug.  29,  1864.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant,  Sept. 
20,  1864.     Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Sergt.  N.  M.  Ackerly,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8, 

1865,  as  First  Sergt. 

Sergt.  E.  L.  Cochran,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.o.  July  8,  '65. 
Sergt.  Geo.  L.  Stickney,  e.  Aug.  29,'64,  m.o.July  8,'6s. 
Corpl.  Chas.  H.  Birdsell,e.  Aug. 29, '64,  m.o.July  8. '65. 
Corpl.  Roger  B.  Murphy,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July 

S,  1S65. 
Corpl.  Robt.  F.  Dutton.  e.  Aug.  29, '64,  mo.  July  8,"65. 
Corpl.  R.  Peck,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Corpl.  Wm.  D.  Garrett,  e.  Aug.  29, '64,  m.o.  July  8, '65. 
Corpl.  H.  E.  Hudson,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m  .0.  July  8, '65. 
Corpl.  Wm.  Atkins,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65. 
Musician  Ande  Norcross,  e.  Aug.  29,'64  , m.o.July  8, '65. 

Abbott  A.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865,  Corpl. 
Bayless  D.  e.  Aitg.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865,  sub. 
Baicer  Edw.  F.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65,  sub. 
Brown  Morris,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65,  sub. 
Brink  John  H.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  17,  1865. 
Brown  Geo.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  '64,  m.  o.  July  8,  1S65,  sub. 
Baker  S.  F.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Briggs  B.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864   m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Bulkley  A.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  17,  i865,disab. 
Beecher  E.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Barnes  Carson,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Butler  Wallace,  e.  Aug.  29,  1S64,  m.  o.  Jul>  8,  1865. 
Bergstresser  R.  M.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  16,  '65. 
Bayles  Wm.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864.  m.  o.  July  8,  1865,  sub. 
Chandler  W.  S.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  8,  1865. 
Costello  John,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Clogan  N.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Cregan  M.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Cassidy  Geo.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  15,  1865. 
Chase  S.  A.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Clark  Jno.  M.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,'  1865. 
Chandler  A.  F.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65,  sub. 
Cochran  Jno.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Cardwell  Jas.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
D.avis  H.  A.  e.  Aug.  29,  1364,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Dennison  Uriah,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  died  at  Alton,  111., 

April  15,  1865. 
Drake  Jasper,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 


340 


WINKEBAOO    OOUJ^'fY    WAK   KECOBD. 


Duffy  Tlioi.  F.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  J  uly  8,  '65,  sub. 
Dillon  Wm.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Drake  Edw.  P.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Frazier  P.^trick,  e   Aug.  29,  1864,  deserted  Sept.  25/64 
Glacken  Jas.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Goodwin  M.  O.  e.  Aug.  29.  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Goddard  D.  J.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1864. 
Garlock  Jno.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  13,  1865. 
Greenwalt  A.  e.  Aug.  29,  '64,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865,  sub. 
Gunsoles  Jas.  H.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  15,  1S65. 
Garrett  B.  F.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65,  Sergt. 
Hart  Geo.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  S,  1865. 
Holt  G.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Hager  Orson,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Hallowell  Geo.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Higiley  H.  H.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.   |uly.8.  iSts. 
Hopkins  A.  A.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Haddeman  H.  e.  Aug.  29,  1S04,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Hill  Harman,  e.  Aug. 29,  1864,  disd.  June  17, '65,  disab. 
Judd  C.  C.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Johnson  T.  L.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  in.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Johnson  R.  M.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Jilson  John  C.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65,  sub. 
James  Geo.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  ™-  °'  Oct.  8,  1865,  sub. 
Johnson  Chas.  H.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.o.Oct.8,  '65,  sub 
King  J.  P.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  8,  1865. 
Lillie  J.  N.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  8,  1865. 
Lane  S.  B.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  17,  1865,  disab. 
Miles  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Norton  Wm.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Needles  Geo.  E.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Owen  Julius,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65,  sub. 
Patterson  J.  L.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Peterson  J.  P.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1863. 
Plattner  H.  M.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Peck  Jno.  I.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  disd.  June  17,  '65,  disab. 
Roberts  J.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65.  sub. 
Robertson  S.  F.  e.  Aug.  29,  '64,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65. 
Rourke  L.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Russell  E.  S.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.o.  July  8,  1865,  sub. 
Steele  C.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Sweet  Geo.  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1S65. 
Steele  Geo.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Smith  H.  C.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Sanders  Wm.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Shea  James,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Smith  Geo.  H.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  '65,  sub. 
Stillson  A.  L.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865,  sub. 
Smith  O.  F.  e.  Aug.  29,  1804,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865,  sub. 
Turney  M.  J.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Turney  D.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Vanston  Samuel,  e.  Aug. 29, '64,  m.  o.  July  8, '65,  Corpl. 
Wheeler  V.  M.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Wheeler  Wm.  E.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Wheeler  M.   ).  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Wright  M.  V.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 

Company  E. 

Musician  Jos.  W.  Graham,  e.  Sept.  9,  1864,  killed  Oct. 
9,  1864,  by  Sergt.  Jas.  Frost,  at  Chicago,  111. 

Allen  John  H.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Ames  H.  B.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Brulin  E.  G.  e.  Sept.  9,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8.  1865. 
Cleveland  Jas.  e.  Sept.  9,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Carter  Amos,  e.  Sept.  9,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Hanson  Walter,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Jewell  L.  A.  e.  Sept.  8,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Larsons  Lars,  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Millard  C.  S.  e.  Sept.  8,  1864.  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Tuthill  lsa?c  W.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Tynan  M.  e.  Aug.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Tynan  John,  e.  Aug.  27,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 

147th  Infantry  (one  year). 

The  One  Hundred  and  Forty-seventh  Infantry 
Illinois  Volunteers  was  org.mized  at  Camp  Fry,  111., 
by  Col.  Hiram  F.  Sickles,  and  mustered  in  for  one 
year,  on  the  i8th  and  19th  of  February,  1865.  On  the 
2ist  of  February,  moved,  via  Louisville,  Ky.,  to  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  arriving  25th.  On  the  28tli,  moved  to 
Chattanooga,  and  thence  to  Dalton,  Ga.,  Col.  Sickles 
commanding  post.  On  March  13th,  went  en  e.xpedi- 
tion  to  Mill  Creek,  on  Cleveland  road,  and  broke  up  a 
nest  of  guerrillas.  On  20th,  under  command  of  Major 
Bush,  went  on  an  expedition  to  Spring  Place.     March 


iSth,  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  First  Brigade,  Sec- 
ond Division,  Army  of  the  Cumbeiland,  Brig.  Gen.  H. 
M.  Judah  commanding.  On  March  28th,  went  on  an 
expedition  to  Ringgold.  On  April  23d,  moved  to 
Pullen's  Ferry,  on  Coosawatchie  River,  and  had  several 
skirmishes  with  the  enemy,  killing  Major  Edmeston, 
their  commander,  and  several  officers  and  men.  On 
May  2d,  the  regiment  moved  to  Reseca,  Ga.,  and  were 
engaged  in  repairing  the  railroad.  On  May  12th  Wof- 
ford,  commanding  rebel  forces  in  Northern  Georgia, 
surrendered  his  forces  to  Gen.  Judah.  May  14th,  Col. 
Sickles  took  CDmmand  of  the  Brigade.  Marched  to 
Calhoun,  June  26th, and  July  27th,  moved  to  Marietta. 
From  thence,  ordered  to  Macon,  Ga..  and  to  Albany, 
Ga.,  arriving  July  31st.  October  16th,  brigade  organ- 
■ization  dissolved.  October  2Sth,  ordered  to  Hawkins- 
ville,  Ga.  November  25th,  the  regiment  was  ordered 
to  Savannah,  Ga.,  7iia  Macon,  Atlanta  and  Augusta, 
where  it  remained,  Uecember  31st,  1865.  Mustered 
out  January  20th,  1866,  at  Savannah,  Ga.,  and  ordered 
to  Springfield,  111.,  where  it  received  final  pay  and  dis- 
charge. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Giles  H.  Bush,  com.  Captain  Co. 
.\,  Feb.  18,  1865.  Promoted  Major  Feb.  20,  1865. 
Pnmoted  Lieutenant  Colonel  July  13,  1865.  Mus- 
tered out  Jan  24,  1866. 

Company  A. 

Captain  Jas.  H.  Reynolds,  com.  First  Lieutenant  Feb. 
18,  1865.  Promoted  Captain  March  13,  1865.  Mus- 
tered out  Jan.  20,  1866. 

First  Lieutenant  E.  B.  Day,  com.  Second  Lieutenant 
Feb.  18,  1865.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant  March 
13,  1865.     Mustered  out  Jan.  20,  1866. 

Secona  Lieutenant  Smith  T.  Harding,  e.  as  First  Ser- 
geant Feb.  4,  1865.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant 
March  13,  1865.  Absent,  sick  at  muster-out  of 
of  Regiment. 

Sergt.  Judson  A.  Ellison,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20, 
1866,  as  First  Sergt. 

Sergt.  Geo.  S.  Rice,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  May  16,1865. 

Sergt.  Geo.  Brown,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865.  m.o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 

Sergt.  Thos.  R.  Heald,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  '66, 
as  private. 

Corpl.  B.  Swarthout,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20, '66, 
as  Sergt. 

Corpl.  Rainbow  Charles,  e.  Feb.  4,'6s,m.o.  Jan.  20, '66. 

Corpl.  Wm.  Pliillips,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20, '66. 

Corpl.  N.C.  Haven,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.o. Jan. 20, '66, Sergt. 

Corpl.  Wm.  B.  Brown, e.  Feb.  4,  '64,  m.  o.  Jan.  20, '66. 

Corpl.  S.  L.  Austin,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  prmt.  Com.  Sergt. 

Corpl.  Geo.  Thayer,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  '66. 

Corpl.  R.  S.  Tucker,  e.  Feb.  4.  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  '66. 

Musician  Wm.  E.  Jayne,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20, 
1866,  as  private. 

Musician  Stephen  Norcross,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  prmt. 
Principal  Musician. 

Wagoner  Sam'l  Tuttle,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  May  17, '65. 

Alverson  H.  B.  e.  Feb.  4,  '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  '66,  Corpl. 
Austin  John  B.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866.' 
Ashford  Alfred,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.o.  Jan.  20,  i856. 
Ashford  Albert,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Burch  Clinton,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Bristol  L.  D.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Brown  Eli,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Bambo  John.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  ni.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Push  Giles  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  !"•  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Chamberlain  Albert,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  '66. 
Countryman  I.  J.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Crosley  F.  L.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Corcoran  Jas.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  23,1866. 
Cushman  Wm.  G.  e.  teb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.    Jan.  20,  1866. 
Cushman  Chas.  W.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Carr  Geo.  N.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Collins  M.e.  Feb   4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20.  1866. 
Davis  Sidney,  e.  Feb.  4, 1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Dobson  Thos.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20   1866. 
Dame  Geo.  E.  e.  Feb.  4, 1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Dicker?,on  J.  L.  e.  Feb.  4,  186s,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866, 
Earley  W-  J.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  26,  1866. 
Evans  Geo.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  26,  1866. 
Fitzsimmons  C.  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  26,  1866. 
Ford  Royal  F.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Oct.  30,  1865. 
Fairgrieve  Jas.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.o.  May  16.  1865. 
Fisher  Jus.  M.  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Gleason  S.  E.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Giddings  Jas.  D.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 


WINNETJAOO    COUNTY    WAR    RECORD, 


841 


Graves  Thos.  e.  Feb.  4.  1865,  m.  '•.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Giibbins  Wm.  e.  Ffb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Oilman  John  R.  e.  Frb.  4,  1865,  deserted  Feb  20,1865. 
Grijumuit  Thos.  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,'66,  Corpl. 
Gray  Albert,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  ni.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Grnnimon  >  ieo.  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Oct.  21,  186^. 
Higs;ins  Timothy,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865.  in.  o.   Jan.  20,  1866. 
He^ild  I.  S.  e.  Feb.  4,  1S65,  m.  o.  Jan.  20.  1866. 
Hiuniiibotham  Thos.  e.  Feb.  4,  '65,  m.  o.    Ian.  20,  '66 
Hali  Robt.  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  186:;,  m.  o.  Fan.  20,  1866. 
Halagus  Henry,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  in.  o.  Jan.  20,  i866. 
IngersoU  Chas.  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1875,   "'•  °-  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Jones  Wm.  e.  Feb.  4.  1865.  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  i866. 
Johnson  John  C.  e.  Frb.  4,  1865,  ni.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Jones  Benj.  e.  Feb.  4.  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Kesler  Jcremiih,  c.  Feb.  9,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan  20,  1866. 
Kellner  Amos.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865   m.o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Ken   edy  Guy  T.  e.  Feb.  5,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Levitt  John,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  i866. 
Lamont  David,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Lake  Geo.  W.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
LetTingwell  Bird,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.o.  Jan.  20, '66.  Corpl. 
Lipp  tt  L.  C.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.   Ian.  20,  1866. 
Lighthart  John  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1862.  ni.  o.  Jan.  20,  1865. 
Liahthart  Henry,  e.  Feb.  4,  1862,  m.o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Luther  Wm.  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1866,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Monks  Wm.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  iS66. 
Murphv  A.  e.  Feb.  4,  1S65,  m.  o.  May.  17,  1865. 
Montcrieff  David,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  disd.  Sept.  15,  1865. 
McNeles  Andrew,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan  20.  1866. 
Maynard  H.  H.  e.  Feb.  5,  1S65,  sick  atm.  o.of  regt. 
Norcross  L  M.  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.o.  Jan.  2o,'65,  Music'n. 
Obiatt  John  S.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  abs'nt  sick  at  m.  o. 
Patterson  Jas.  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Putnam  Hosea  B.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Pamull  E.  C.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m-  o-  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Pearson  Chas.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Post  W.  W.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866,  Corpl. 
Pearson  H.  L.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Powers  .•\lonzo,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Rhodes  F.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Steere  D.  R.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Spurr  Rufus,  e.  Feb.  5,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Scherer  Edw.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.   fan.  20,  1866. 
Soverin  John  R.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Tiffany  Wm.  A.  e.  Feb.  4,  186^,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Timmins  Thos.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20, 1866. 
Turner  Wm.  H.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20.  1865. 
Upston  Henrj-,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Wilson  Wm.  B.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m,  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Wood  Guy,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 
Williams  John,  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  20,  1866. 

153d  Infantry  (one  year.) 

The  One  Hundred  and  Fifty  third  Infantry  Illinois 
Volunteers  was  organized  at  Camp  Fry,  Illinois,  by 
Colonel  Stephen  Bronson,  and  was  mustered  in  Feb- 
ruary 27,  1865,  for  one  year.  On  March  4th,  moved,  bv 
rail,  -Liia  Louisville  and  Nashville,  to  TuUahoma,  re- 
porting to  Major  General  Millroy.  The  regiment  was 
assigned  to  the  Second  Brigade,  Defenses  of  Nashville 
and  Chattanooga  Railroad.  Brevet  Brigadier  General 
Dudley  commanding  Brigade.  In  the  latter  part  of 
March,  Major  Wilson,  with  three  companies,  went  on 
a  campaign  into  Alabama  and  returned.  On  July  ist, 
moved,  via  Nashville  and  Louisville,  to  Memphis, 
Tennessee,  and  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Brevet 
Major  General  .A..  L.  Chetlain.  Was  mustered  out 
September  is,  1S65,  and  moved  to  Springfield,  Illinois, 
and  September  24th,  received  final  pay  and  discharge. 
Colonel  Bronson  received  appointment  as  Brevet  Briga- 
dier General. 

Second  Assistant  Surgeon  Amos  Scott,   com.   May  27, 

i86g.     Mustered  out  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Principal  Musician  A.  M.  Thompson,  e.  Feb.  14,  1865, 

m.  o.  Sept.  ai,  1865. 

Company  A. 

CorpL  Chas.  C.  Coon,  e.  Feb.  16, 1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, 
1865,  as  Sergt. 

PRIVATES. 

Brown  Horace,  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Beattie  Daniel,  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  in.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Ballard  Benj.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  Aug.  25,  1865. 


Benton  CJeo.  e.  Feb.  4,  '65,  on  furlough  since  Aug.  25, '65. 
Clay  C.  M.  e.  Feb.  16,  1865,  m.  o.  Oct.  16,  i86s. 
Dana  Jos.  C.  e.  Feb.  7.  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Fackrele  H.  C.  e.  Feb.  16,  1865.  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Hobson  Robt.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  July  20,  1861;. 
Myers  Uriah,  e.  Feb.  2,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Newton  .K.  J.  e.  Feb.  6,1865.  m.o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Rhodes  Henry,  e.  Feb.  2,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Swiverly  Jacob,  e.  Feb.  20,  1865,  m.o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Shaw  R.  R.  e.  Feb.  2,  1865,  m.  o.  .^ept.  21,  1865. 
Towsley  M.  D.e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  sick  at  ni.  o. 
Turner  H.  H .  e.  Feb.  22,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21. '65,  Sergt. 
Toal  .\.  H.  e.  Feb.  16,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Trowbridge  H.  H.  e.  Feb.  i,  1865.  m.  o.  Sept.  21,1865. 
Waddell  Walter,  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  died  July  15,  186.;. 
Zilley  Wm.  C.  e.  Feb.  16,  1S65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 

Company  C. 

First  Lieutenant  Michael  J.  Dunne,  com.  Feb.  27, 1865. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  21,   1865. 
Biesterfield  Henry,  e.  Feb.  18,  1865,  m.  o.  Aug.  12,  '65. 

Company  F. 

Bishop  Albert,  e.  Feb.  22,  1865,  deserted  Feb.  26,  i86^. 
Gordon  Charles,  e.  Feb.  22,  1865,  deserted  Feb.  26,  i86«;. 

Company  G. 

Captain  Jonathan  E.  Brown,  com.  Feb.  27,  1865.  Mus- 
tered out  Sept.  21,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Alanson  Fairham,  com.  Feb.  27,1865. 
Mustered  out  Sept.  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Fernando  C.  Brown,  com.  Feb.  27, 
1865.     Mustered  out  Sept.  at,  1865. 

First  Sergt.  Wm.  T.  Noll,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept. 
21, 1865. 

Se.gt.  Jos.  W.  Oilman,  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  m.o.  Sept.  21, '65. 

Sergt.  Chas.  H.  Stephens,  e.  F  b.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept. 
21,  1865. 

Corpl.  A.  Wormian,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  May  25, 1865. 

Corpl.  Edw.  A.  Hartley,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  sick  at  m.  o. 

Corpl.  Geo.  Gilbert,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  '65. 

Torpl.  Wm.  M.  Newkirk.e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.o. Sept. 21. '65. 

Corpl.  H.  F.  Stewart,  e.  Feb.  4,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  '65. 

Corpl.  R.  R.  Dowd,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  '65. 

Musician  A.  ^L  Thompson,  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  promoted 
Drum  Major. 

Musician  T.  V.  Dowd,  e.  Feb.  14,  '65,  m.o. Sept.  21, '65. 

Bates  A.  N.  e.  Feb.  28,  1865.  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Banks  Ambrose,  e.  Feb.  8,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Burton  Chester,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  2i(  1865. 
Bennett  Horace,  e.  Feb.  7,1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Bander  Geo.  M.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Corm.irv  Henrv,  e.  Feb.  17,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Cole  Alfred,  e.  Feb.  18,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Cross  A.  B.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  Aug.  18,  186;. 
Dwan  James,  e.  Feb.  14,  t865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Fountain  James  M.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  '65. 
Fassett  Louis,  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Flynn  John,  e.  Feb.  14,  186,,  sick  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Garner  John.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  Aug.  30,  1865. 
Granger  A.  E.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Garver  M.  M.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  June  8,  1865. 
Hewett  Fdw.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865.  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Hebanl  Henry,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Keys  Fred.  e.  Feb.  8,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Makeaney  Wm.  H.  e.  Feb.  14,  186=;,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Morrill  Dan.  e.  Ff-b.  8,  1865,  m.  o.'Sept.  21,  1865. 
Matheson  A.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865.  m.  o.  June  i,  1865. 
Medbery  Jos.  N.  e.  Feb.  18,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Putnam  iVL  K.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  on'sick  furlough  at  m.o. 
Price  Wm.  e.  Feb.  22,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Pitts  Harris,  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  sick  at  m.  o. 
Rittenhouse  Amos,  e.  Feb.  8,'6s,on  sick  furlough  at  m.o. 
Randall  Wm.  H.  e.  Feb.  14.  1865,  m.o.  Sept.  2:,  186s. 
Simpson  Chas.  H.  e.  Feb.  22,  1865,  m.o.  Sept.  22,  1865. 
Shumw,Ty  R.  e.  Feb.  4,  1865,  m.  o.  July  26,  1865. 
Shane  Juo.  H.  e.  Feb.  7,  186=;,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Seaton  Wm.  S.  e.  Feb.  7,  i866,  m.  o.  Sept.  21,  1865. 
Scott  Amos,  e.  Feb.  28,  1S65,  prmt-  .-Assistant  Surgeon. 
Todd  Geo.  e.  Feb.  8,  1865,  sick  at  m.  o. 
Whipple  B.  T.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  June  8,  1865. 

Company    I. 

First  Lieutenant  Philip  Carr,  com.  Feb.  27,  1865.  Re- 
signed June  7,  1865. 


342 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAB  RECORD. 


First  Lieutenant  Jacob  T.  Glenn,  com.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant Feb.  27,  1865.  Promoled  First  Lieutenant 
June  22,  1865.     Mustered  out  Sept.  21,  1865. 

Miscellaneous   Infantry. 

I7th  Infantry. 

Major  Frank  F.  Pests,  com.  Captain  Co.  B,  July  3, 
i86i.  Promoted  Major  April  25,  1862.  Term  e.\- 
pired  June  18,  1864. 

22d  Infantry. 

Second  Lieutenant  Edward  M.  McCarty,  e.  as  private, 
June  25,-1861.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  Jan. 
24,   1862.     Resigned  June  13,  1862. 

23d  Consolidated  Infantry. 

First   Lieutenant  Everitt  H.  Bierer,   com.    March   24, 

1865.     Mustered  out  July  24,  1865. 
Sergt.  Dewitt  C.  Harris, e.  Mch.  2, '65,  m.o.  July  24, '65. 
Sergt.  Eustice  C.  Parker, e.  Mch.  2, '65,  m.o.  July  24, '65. 
C'orpl.  Jno.W.Northcraft,e.  Mch. 2, '65,  m.o. July  iq,'6s. 
Hecker  Jas.  G.  e.  March  2,  1865,  m.  o.  July  19,  1865. 
King  Ira  A.  e.  Mirch  2,  1865,  m.  o.  June  12,  1865. 
Smith  Robt.  F.  e.  March  2,  1865,  m.o.  July  24,  1865. 

25th  Infantry. 

Surgeon  Jos.  Blount,  com.  Jan.  15,  1862,  Resigned  Dec. 

II,  1863. 
Surgeon    Inter  S.  Clark,  com.   First  Assistant  Surgeon, 

March  i,  1863.     Promoted  Surgeon   Dec.  11,  1863. 

Term  expired  Sept.  5,  1864. 

26th    Infantry. 

Mcintosh  Wm.  a.  Aug. 115, '62,  disd.  Apl.16,'65,  term  ex. 
Messinger  Jer.  e.  Jan.  i,  '64,  m.o.  July  20, '65,  as  Sergt. 

28th   Consolidated   Infantry. 

Wyatt  Wm.  e.  Dec.  4,  1863,  m.  o.  March  15,  1866. 

33d   Infantry. 

:.  Catlin  F.  A.  e.  Aug.  21,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.,  m.  o. 
Nov.  24,  1865. 
Crocker  C.  M.  r,  Aug.  21,  '61,  disd.  Aug.  19,  '64,  disab. 
Corwin  W.  F.  i.  Aug.  21,  1861,  m.  o.  Jan.  i,  1863. 
Mur  ay  F.  M.  e.  Aug.  21,  '61,  died  at  home,  Dec.  8, '63. 
Whitney  H.  A.  e.  Aug.  21,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  m. 
o.  Nov.  24,  1865,  as  Sergt. 

39th  Infantry. 

Nasson  Adam  C.  e.  Nov.  19,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 
Jan.  I,  1864,  disd.  Jan.  16,  1865. 

42d   Infantry. 

Chaplain  G.  L.  S.  Staff,  com.  July  22,  1861.  Resigned 
Sept.  15,  1864. 

54th  Infantry. 

Davidson  Daniel,  e.  March  i,  1865,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,  1865. 
Renow  Wm.  K.  e.  March  i,  1865,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,  1865. 
Winter  Jas.  B.  e.  March  i,  1865,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,  1865. 

55th  Infantry. 

Captain  Nicholas  Augasen,  e.  Oct.  8,  1861.  Promoted 
Corporal,  then  Second  Lieutenant  Co.  H.July  i, 
1862.  Promoted  Captain  Feb.  9,  1863.  Mustered 
out  June  17,  1865. 

64th  Infantry. 

Second  Lieutenant  Geo.  A.  Caine,  com.  Dec,  16,  1861. 
Resigned  Sept.  3,  1862. 

64th  Infantry. 

Wright  Richard,  e.  Sept.  14,  '61,  deserted  April  14,  '62. 


65th  Infantry  (Three  Months). 

Hervin  Wm.  e.  March  31,  1864,  m.  o.  July  13,  1865. 
McLean  Locklin,  e.  March  31,  1864,  m.  o.  July  13,  '65. 
Shephard  Ewd.  e.  March  31,  1864,   m.  o.  July  13,  1865. 

108th  Infantry. 

Surgeon  Azro  E.  Goodwin,  com.  Feb.  28,  1863,  re- 
signed Aug.  7,  1863. 

I32d  Infantry  (100  Days). 

Quartermaster  Hiram  R.    Enoch,   com.  May  4,   1864, 

m.  o.  Oct.  17,  1864. 
Corpl.  Henry  E.  Hurd,  e.  May  17,  '64,  m.o.  Oct. 17, '64. 
Corpl.  Wm.  A.  Miller,  e.May  19,  1864,  m.o.  Oct. 17,  '64. 
Wagoner  Hiram  H.  Hurd,  e.Mayi7,'64,  m.o.Oct.17,'64. 

134th  Infantry. 

Sergt.  H.  S.  Quackenbush,  e.  May  20,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct. 

25,  1864,  as  ist  Sergt. 
Garland  Edwin,  e.  May  12,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  23,  1864. 
Corpl.  Wm.  P.  Brown,  e.  Mav  16,  '64,  m.o.  Oct. 25, '64. 
Andrews  Dexter,  e.  May  14,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 
JJame  Geo.  E.  e.  May  26,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 
Farnum  F.  L.  e.  May  14,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 
Fitzsimmons  C.  H.  e.  May  14,  '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 
Gerber  Henry,  e.  May  11,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 
Moore  Clement,  e.  May  20,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 
Torrey  David,  e.  May  14,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 

I40th  Infantry  (100  Days). 

First  Sergt.  O-^car  L.  Davis,   e.   April   28,    1864,   m.  o. 

Oct.  29,  1864. 
Corpl.  W.  F.  Sawyer,  e.  May  20,  1864,  Oct.  29,  1864. 
Paddock  S.  D.  e.  April  28,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  29,  1864. 
Thorn  A.  C.  e.  May  20,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  29,  1864. 

I42d  Infantry  (100  Days). 

Mealio  Aug.  W.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  26,  1864. 
Merrill  W.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  26.  1864. 
Monteith  J.  D.  S .  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  26,  1864. 
Murdaugh    Thos.    e.   May  i,    1864,   died   at   Chicago, 

Oct.  9,  T864. 
Shields  Jos.  W.  e.  May  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  26,  1864. 
Smith  Jacob,  e.  May  24,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  26,  1864. 
Wilson  Cha?.  M.  e.  Mjiy  20,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  26,  1864. 

I51st  Infantry  (One  Year). 

Second  Asst.  Surg.  Frederick  Cole,  com.  March  13, 
1865,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,  1866. 

I52d  Infantry  (One  Year). 

First  Asst.  Surg.  Edward  P.  Catlin,  com.  Feb.  25,  '65, 
m.  o.  Sept.  II,  1865. 

154th  Infantry  (One  Year). 

Lieut.  Col.  Mo.ses  C.  Brown,  com.  Feb.  22,  1865,  dis- 
honorably dismissed  May  18,  1865. 

156th  Infantry  (One  Year). 

Kelly  John,  e.  Feb.  24,  1865,  deserted  March  14,  1865. 

Keele  Wm.  e.  March  2,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  20,  1865. 

Mount  Josiah  H.  e.  March  2,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  20,  '65. 

Mount  James  H.  e.  March  2,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  20,  '65. 

Mooney  Jas.  C.  e.  March  2,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  20,  1865. 

William  Levi  M.  e.  March  2,  1865,  sick  at  m.  o.  legt. 

First  Lieutenant  Jabez  Jennings,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865, 
com.  Second  Lieutenant,  but  not  mustered.  Mus- 
tered out  Sept.  20,  1865,  as  First  Sergeant. 

Second  Lieutenant  B.  G.  Jennings,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865. 
Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  June  28,  1865.  Mus- 
tered out  Sept.  20,  1865. 

Corpl.  A.  C.  Thorne,  e.  Feb. 28, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  28,  '65. 

Corpl.  Enoch  Marchant,  e.  Feb.28,'65,  m.o. Sept. 28, '65. 

Corpl.  T.  G.  Holcomb,  e.  Feb. 28,  '65,  m.o.  Sept. 28, '65. 

Lane  E.  F.  e.  Feb.  28,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  28,  1865. 

Zimmer  Jacob  S.  e.  !<  eb.  28,  1865,  m.  o.  Aug.  25,  1865. 

Zimmer  Wm.  W.  e.  Feb. ,28,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  20,  1865 

Corpl.  Chas.  Thomas,  e.  Feb.27,  '65,  m.o.  Sept,  20, '65 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    WAK    RECORD. 


343 


Sth  Caralrf/. 

The  Sth  Cavalry  was  organized  at  St.  Charles,  Sept., 
i86i,byCol.  J.  F.  Farnsworth.  October,  moved  to 
Washington,  D.  C,  and  operated  in  Virginia,  and  was 
in  many  engagements,  incUiding  Manasas,  battles  of 
Peninsula,  Aiitietam,  etc  ,  etc.  Was  in  advance  of 
Army  of  Potomac  in  fall  of  1862.  Loss,  29  killed  ;  71 
wounded  ;  20  missing.  During  the  campaign  of  186^, 
was  in  some  25  engagements  and  skirmishes.  Loss,  2^ 
killed;  115  wounded  ;  and  57  missing.  Was  mustered 
out  at  Benton  Barracks,  Mo.,  July  17,  1865. 

Company  A. 

Bucker  Geo.  W.  e.  Nov.  6,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Checney  H.  W.  e.  Jan.  t6,  1864,  m.  o.  June  20,  1865. 
Harr  J.>hn,  e.  Dec.  9,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
McManus  Chas.  e.  Nov.  30,  1863.  m.o.  July  17,  1865. 
Milligan  John  J.  e.  Jan.  22,  1864,  trans,  to  Co.  H,  m.o. 
Aug.  7,  1865. 

Company  B. 

Andrew  Andre,  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.o.  July  17,  1865. 
Atwood  Hiram,  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17.  1865. 
Allison  Jas.  B.  e.   Dec.  5, '63,  disd.  May  18,  1865,  disab. 
Bruner  Jos.  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o    July  17,  1865. 
Collins  Geo.  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Coop  Peter,  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Chase  [ohn,  e.  Oct.  3,  1S64.  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Egaleston  Wm.  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Gillespie  Jas.  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Hatch  A.  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17.  1S65. 
Johnson  Chas.  e.  Aug.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Kent  E.  e.  Feb.  9,  1865,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 
Ludwig  Christian,  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,    m.   o.  July  17,  1865. 
Morse  Job,  e.  Oct.  3, 1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Montgomery  John.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.  o.  July  17,1865. 
Peterson  Perry  W.  e.  .Sept.  23,  1864,  m.o.  June  21,  '65. 
Wiley  Jrihn  M.  e.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.o.  July  17, '65,  Corpl. 
Wright  Chas.  P.  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Wood  Jas.  e.  Oct.  3,  1S64,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 

Company  E. 

First  Lieutenant  Amasa  E.  Dana,  com.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant Sept.  10,  1862.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant 
Dec.  5,  1862.     Resigned  July  4,  1864. 

Company  F. 

First  Lieutenant  Edward  S.  Smith,  com.  Sept.  18,1861. 
Resigned. 

Thatcher  Wm.  H.  e.  Oct.  i,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 
Nov.  30, '63,  died  at  Washington, D.C.,  Mch.12,'64. 

Company  L. 

Captain  Amasa  E.  Dana,  com.  Fir-t  Lieutenant  Sept. 
18,  1861.  Promoted  Captain  Jan.  8,  1862.  Re- 
signed July  5,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  Aaron  W.  Runkle,com.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant Sept.  18,  1864.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant 
Dec.  18,  1864.     Drowned  June  28,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Austin  C.  Lowry,  e.  as  First  Ser- 
geant Aug.  31,  1861.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant 
Jan.  8,  1862.     Resigned  July  15,  1862. 

Second  Lieutenant  Benj.  F.  Lee,  e.  as  private.  Pro- 
moted Sergeant,  then  Second  Lieutenant,  Dec.  28, 
1864.     Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Sergt.  Job  Trenholm,  e.  Sept.  16,  1861,  disd.  Nov.  7, 
1S61,  disab. 

Corpl.  J.  E.  Richardson,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  Sergt.,  disd. 
Sept.  18,  1863,  for  promotion  in  col'd  regt. 

Corpl.  Ltivi  Obidere,  e.  Sept.  17,  i86i,disd.  Oct.  6,  '62. 

Corpl.  Chauncy  Consulus,  e.  Sept.  12,  1861,  re-enlisted 
as  vet.  Nov.  30,  1863,  m.o.  July  17,  186^,  Sergt. 

Bugler  Jas.  H.  Ewing,  e.  Sept.  17,  :86i.  disd.  Sept.  26, 
1864,  term  e.x. 

Aikens  Henry,  e.  Sept.  7,  1861.  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Nov. 

30,  1863,  m.o.  July  17,  1865,  as  Corpl. 
Bealzler  Peter,  e.  Sept.  14,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. Nov. 

30,  1863,  m.o.  July  17,  1865,  as  blacksmith. 
Calkins  Frank,  e.  Aug.  30,  1861,  m.  o.  Sept.  28,  1865. 
Dunham  Chas.  L   e.  Sept.  12,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Nov.  30,  1S63,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865,  as  blacksmith. 


Davis  John  E.  e.  Sept.  16,  1S61,  deserted  Sept.  i,  1862. 
Dodge  Sam'l  S.  e.  Sept.  17. '61,  disd.  Aug.  12. '62,  wds. 
Evans  Jas.  e.  Sept.  13,  1861,  kid.   Beyerly   Ford,   Va., 

June  9,  1863. 
Evans    David,   e.    Sept.    13,   1861,   re-enlisted    as  vet. 

Nov.  30,  1863,  m.o.   July  17,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Fish  Robt.  e.  Sept.  16,  1861.  died  Junppt.  1862. 
Fish  Geo.  e.  Sept.  16,  1861,  di»d.  Sept.  86,  1864. 
Force  A.  C.  e.  Sept    16,  1861. 
Horton   R.  C    e.   Sept.    7,   1861,   kid.  Culpepper,  Va., 

Nov.  8,  1863. 
McLain  L.  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,  disd.  May  10,  1862. 
Piatt  Chas.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  disd.  May  4,  1862. 
Peasley   Jas.   J.   e.    Sept.  17,    1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Nov.  30,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Sniveley  Wm.  R.  e.  Sept,  17,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Nov.  30,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 

Armsby  Jas.  K.  e.  Sept.  30,  1861. 

Archer  Geo.  e.  Sept.  30, '61,  m.o.  Sept.  28, '64,  as  Sergt. 
Burke  Luke,  e.  Sept.  23.  i86i,  m.  o.  Sept.  28,  1864. 
Baird  Martin  L.  e.  Sept.  26,  1861,   m.  o.  Sept.  28,  1864. 
Bennett  Eugene  S.  e.  Jan.  26,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,1865. 
Briggs  K.  J.  e.  Feb.  26,  1864,  died  March  15,  1865. 
Case  Mahlon,  e.  Feb.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Dunning  Geo.  e.  Sept.  26,  1S62,  re-enlisted  as  vet. Nov. 

30,  1863,  m.o.  July  17,  1865. 
Greely  Chas.  F.  e.  Sept.  26,  1862,  m.  6.  June  21,  1865. 
Hawn  Peter,  e.  Sept.  26,  1S61,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Nov. 

30,  1S63,  m.  o.  July  I/,  1865. 
Mesick  Jacob,  e.  Nov.  10,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  '65,  vet. 
McConnell  Orlando,  e.  Dec.  21,  1863,  m.o. July  17,  '65. 
Piatt  Augustus,   e.  Sept.  30,   1861,   re-enlisted   as   vet. 

Jan.  I,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Packard  James  H.  e.  Jan.  26,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  '65. 
Rumelhart  Geo.  e.  Jan.  20,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Steele  O.  J.  e.  Sept.  26,  1861,  disd.  May  4    1862. 
Strail  H.  A.  e.  Sept.  26,  1861,  m.  o.  Sept.  28,  1864. 
Steele  Andrew  J.  e.  Sept.  26,  1S61,  m.  o.  Tune  21,  '65. 
Welty  Calvin,  e.  Oct.  i,  1862,  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Jan. 

I,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865,  as  Co.  Q.  M.  Sergt. 
Welty  Jeff,  e.  Jan.  20,  1862.  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 

Company  M, 

Captain  John  Austin,  com.  Sept.  i8,  1861.  Resigned. 
Captain    Andrew   J.    Martin,    cum.    First    Lieutenant 

Sept.  18,  1861.     Commissioned  Captain   March  2, 

1862.     Resigned  Oct.  24,  1862. 
Captain  John  Sargent,  com.  Second  Lieutenant  Nov. 

1,  1862.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant  April  27,  "64. 
Promoted  Captain  July  8,  1864.  Mustered  out 
July  17,  1865. 

First  Lieutenant  Elisha  Brown,  e.  as  First  Sergeant 
Sept.  3,  1861.     Proin'ted    First    Lieutenant  March 

2,  1862.     Dishonorably  discharged  April  27,  1864. 
First  Lieutenant  Adam  C.  Fowler,  e.  as  veteran   Nov. 

•  30,  1863.  Promoted  First  Sergeant ;  then  Second 
Lieutenant,  April  27,  1864.  Promoted  First  Lieu- 
tenant July  8,  1864.     .Clustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Co.  Q.  M.  Sergt.  N.  H.  Putnam,  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,  re- 
enlisted  as  vet.  Jan.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 

Sergt.  Robt.  Van  Sickler,  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,  disd.  April 
17,  1862,  disab. 

Sergt.  H.  M.  Skinner,  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,   disd.  April  17, 

1862,  disab. 

Sergt.  Wm.  Putnam,  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  vet. 

Jan.  I,  1864,  m.  o.  Tuly  17,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Corpl.  Wm.  H.  Skee  I,  e.  Sept.  17   1861,  disd.  Dec.  14, 

1861,  disab. 

Collins  Chas.  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  Oct.  18,  '62,  disab. 
Crawford  A.  E.   e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  vet.,   m.  o.  July  17, 

1865,  as  wagoner. 
Deane  S.  F.  e.  S  pt.17,'61,  vet.,  m.  o.  July  I7.'65.  Sgt. 
Deane  Chester  H.  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  vet.,   m.  o.  July  17, 

1863,  as  Corpl. 

Fuller  E.  B.  e.  Sept.12,'61,  vet.,  m.o. July  17, '65, Corpl. 
Fader  N.  e.  Sept.  9,  1861,  vet.,  m.  o.July  17, '65,  Coipl. 
Fisher  David  A.  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,  m.  o.  Sept.  28,   1864, 

as  ist  Sergt. 
John   Kimb.-r   L.   e.  Sept.  9,  i36i,   vet.,   m.  o.  July  17, 

1865,  as  ist  Sergt. 
John  Cephas  D.  e.  Sept.  9.  '61,  disd.  Dec  7,   61,  disab . 
McCulloch  Isaac,  e.  Sept.  11,  '61,  m.o.  Sept. 98, '64,  Sgt. 
McCasger  Tyrus,  e.  Sept.  3,  '61,  disd.  May.;62,  disab. 
Morrell  Amos,  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,  disd.  in  1863,  disab. 
Pickering  G.  M.  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  sick  at  m.  o.  regt. 
Swan  Lyman,  e.  Sept.  11,  '61,  disd.  Dec.  29,  '62,  disab. 
Stiles  Wm.  D.  e.  Sept.  17,  '61,  disd.  Sept.  26,'62,  disab" 


344 


WINNEBAGO    COTTNTT    WAR    RECORD. 


Taffemire  W.  e.  Sept.  3,  1861,  vet.,  m.  o.  July  17,  1863. 
Temple  Chas.  A.  e.  Sept.  15, '61,  disd.Feb.i5,'62,disab. 
Young  Alexander,  e.  Sept.  17,  1861,  ni.  o.  July  17,  '65. 
Boyingtoii  Robt.e.  Sept.  23, '6i,  disd.  Mch.  6, '62,Sergt. 

Brown  Frederick,  e.  ,  m.  o.  .Sept.  28,  1864.  Sergt. 

Babcock  lienj.  e.  Sept.  23.  i86r,  disd.  Oct.  7,  '62,  disab. 
Burritt  Rufiis  F.  e.  Feb.  3,  18^4,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Bryan  Wm.  N*.e.  Dec.  14,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Barber  H.  E.  e.  iJec.  3,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865 
Brown  Hiram  K   e.  Nov   20,  1863,    m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Barnes  Horace,  e.  Feb.  23,  1864,  died  June  2,  1864. 
Burdick  Henry,  e.  Sept.  2,  1863,  kid.  Nov.  11,  1864. 
Bartleit  Frank  1'.  e.  Sept.  2,  1864,  m.  o.  June  21,  1S65. 
Clark  Jas.  M.  e.  Sept.  25,  1861,  m.  o.  Sept   28,  1864. 
Crooker  Philip,  e.  Sept.  25,  '63,  disd.  Oct.  18, '62, disab. 
Campbell  Frank  H.  e.  Sept.  21, 1861,  re-enlistcd  as  Vet. 
Crooker  A.  E.  e.  Sept.  23,  18 'i,  m.  o.  Sepr.  28,  1864. 
Capp  John  F.  e.  Sept.  20,  1861.  disd.  in  1863,  disab. 
Carson  A.   I  .  e.  Feb.  i,  1864,  Vet.,  ni.  o.  July  17,   1865. 
Clark  Benj.  >■.  Sept.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  June  22,  1865. 
Chamberlain  Day  W.  e.  Spt.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  June  21,  '65. 
Dennison  E.  A.  e.  Sept.  25,  t86i,  disd.  Feb. 28, '—, disab. 
Davis  Wm.  H.  e.  Feb.  8,  1864,  disd.  May  26,  'es.Ui.ab. 
Easterley  H.  E.  e.  Sept.  3,  1864,  kid.  Nov.  11,  1864. 
Felmy  Wm.  S.  e.  Sept.  23,  1861,  disc,  in  1862,  disab. 
Fuller  E.  B.  e.  Feb.  26,  1865,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Goodwin    Wm.,  e.  Aug.  24,  1864,  m.  o.  June   21,  1865, 

Blacksmith. 
Hoges  Edward,  e.  Sept.  30,  1861,  died  in  Libby  prison. 

Dec.  30,  1863,  while  pri>oner  of  war. 
Hewlett  Luke,  m.o.  Sept.  28,  1864. 
Hodges  Benj.  e.  Feb.  20,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Heraenway  S.  S.  e.  Dec.  2,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Hays  Geo.  e.  Feb.  22,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Hemenway   Jacob  C.  e.    Dec.  2,  1863,   disd.  Sept.  13, 

1864,  disab. 

Hewett  .Samuel,  e.  Sept.  2.  1864,  m.  o.  June  21.  1865. 
Hudson  Wm.  e.  Sept.  23,  1864,  m.  o.  June  21,  1865. 
Kesler  Michael,  e.  Sept.  20,  '61,  disd.  Feb.  15,  '62, disab. 
Knapp  Chas.  e.  Dec.  28,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Kilburn  Jas.  H.  e.  Sept.  i,  1863,  m.  o.  June  21,  1865. 
Luck  Christian,  e.  Sept.  6,  1864,  m.  o.  June  21    1865. 
Mills  Geo.  e.  Sept.  22,  1861,  m.  o.  i.Jct.  11,  1S65. 
Makepeace  Wm.  e.  Sept.  20,  1861,  Vet.,  m.o. July  17,  '65. 
Neimier  Henry,  e.  Sept.  6,  1864,  m.  o.  June  21,  1865. 
Preston  Chas.  W.  e.  Sept.  22,  1861,  died  at  Anderson- 

ville  prison,  March  8,  1864. 
Palmer  Chas.  e.  Dec.  8,  1863,  Vet.,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865, 

as  Corpl. 
Peterson  H.  e.  Feb.  10,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Presc<jtt  Chas.  e.  Jan.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Page  Russell  L.  e.  Sept.  2,  1864,  m.  o.  June  21,  1865. 
Redington  C.  H.  e.  Sept.  i,  '64.  m.  o.  June2i,  '65, sub. 
Redington  D.  A.  e.  Aug.  16,  1864,  m.  o.  June  21,  1865. 
Skinner  M.  H.,  disd.  in  1861,  disab. 
Smith  Jos.  S.  e.  Dec.  q,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865,   Vet. 
Smith  Wm.  H.  e.  Dec.  21,  1863,  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 
Stile  Wm.  D.  e.  Dec.  28,  1863,  m.o. July  17,  1865,  Vet. 
Seaton  Willard,  e.  Dec.  30,  1863,  died  Fee.  27,  1864. 
^chinimelpfliming  F.  e.  Sept.  6,  1S64,  m.  o.  June  21,  '65. 
Turkington  Saml  A.  e.  Sept.  23,  '61,  disd.  Dec.  4,  '62. 
Wilson  Jared,  e.   Sept.  20,    1S61,   Vet.,   m.  o.  July  17, 

1865,  as  Sergt. 

Wattles  Orlando,  e.  Sept.  2,  '64,  m.  o.  June  21, '65,  sub. 

Baker  Jno.  W.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864,  rejected. 

Dillen  Jas.  e.  Sept.  26,  1864. 

Driver  M.  e.  Sept.  6,  1864. 

Field  Thos.  R.  e.  Sept.  26,  1864. 

Fisher  Wm.  e.  Sept.  2,  1864. 

Hays  Gilbert,  e.  Sept.  6,  1864,  sub. 

Lombard  Thos.  e.  Sept.  26,  1864. 

Rhoades  M.  e.  Jan.  5,  1864. 

11th   Cavali'f/. 

Company    I. 

Courson  Edwin  B.  e.  Feb.  8,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30.  1865, 

as  Corpl, 
Courson  Jno.  R.  e.   Feb.  8,  '65,  m  o.  Sept.  30 '65,  Corpl. 
Frazer  Wm.   B.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Hopkins  Luther  S.  e.  Feb.  8,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Hoffman  A.  M.  e.  Feb.  6.  1865,  m.  o.  May  17,  1865. 
Latham  Henry  A.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Levings  Thos.  G.  e.   B'eb.   6,  1865,  m.   o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Levings  Geo.  W.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  in.  o.  May.  27,  1865. 
Mohr  A.  D.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Mayes  Jas.  O.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 


Ogilby  Edw.  L.  e.  Feb.  6,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Rorebeck  C.  H.  e.  Feb.  6.  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  i86s. 
Taylor  Jas.  M.  e.  March  3,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Wheeler  Frank,  e.  March  3,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 

Company  L. 

Atkinson  John  M.  e.  Feb'.  8,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Bettis  Augustus,  e.  Feb.  8,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865, 
Bryden  Jas.  W.  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Brown  S.  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.    Sept.  30,  1865. 
Briggs  Frederick,  e   Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Barker  Hiram  A.  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30.  1865. 
Collins  Henrv,  e.  Feb.  7,  i8fis   m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Condon  M.  A.  i.  Feb.  27,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30    1865. 
Cook  Samuel,  e.  Feb.  6,  i86s,  m.  o.  May  18,  1865. 
Corcoran  John  e.  Feb.  27,  i86s,  m.  o.  Sept.  30.  1865. 
Eastman  Samuel,  e.  Feb.  17,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Gokev  Jos.  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Henry  Merritt,e.  Feb.  7.  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Martin  Horace  E.  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o,  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Moon  Theron,  e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  May  24,  1865. 
Twogor^d  R.  B.e.  Feb.  7,  1865,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Wishl.u'-n  H.  C.  e.  Feb.  7,  1865.  ™-  o-  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Whalen    Daniel,   e.  Feb.  27,   1865,  m.  o,  Sept.  30,  1S65. 

lltJi  Cavalry, 

Company  M, 

McMillan  D.  L.  e.  Feb.  14,  1865,  m.o.  Sept.  -^o,  1865. 
McRae  Martin,  e.  Feb.  13,  1S65,  m.  o.    Sept.   30,  1865. 

Darville  John  C.  e.  Jan.  25,  1865,  m.o.  May  23,  1865. 
Eaton  Jos.  e.  Jan.  31,  1S65.  disd.  May  21,  1865. 
Emer.son  D.  F.  e.  Jan.  31,  1865,  disd.  May  21,  1865. 
McAvoy  Frank,  e.  Jan.  25,  1865. 
Pitney  Wm.  J.  e.  Feb.  13,  1865. 


12th  Cavalry. 


Was  organized  by  Col.  Aro  Voss,  in  March,  1862,  and 
mustered  into  the  United  States'  service  Feb.  ist,  and 
proceeded  immediately  to  Virginia  and  immediately 
participated  in  several  minor  engagements,  in  all  of 
which  the  Twelfth  came  out  victorious.  At  Harper's 
Ferry,  when  the  pbice  was  entirely  surrounded,  the 
Twelfth  had  permission  to  cut  through  the  enemy's 
lines,  which  it  did,  and  surprised  and  captured  112 
wagons  loaded  with  ammunition  and  provisions,  100 
beef  cattle,  and  50  prisoners.  The  loss  of  the  regiment 
in  this  brilliant  feat  was  50  men.  The  Twelfth  was 
constantly  on  the  move,  harrassing  the  enemy  and  cap- 
turing its  trains,  and  picking  up  small  bands  of  the 
enemy.  It  shared  in  the  following  battles :  Aldie, 
June  20,  1863 :  Upperville,  June  22d  ;  Gettysburg, 
luly  ist,  2d,  and  3d  ;  Boonesboro,  July  5th  ;  Burevola, 
July  7th;  Funkstown,  luly  8th;  Williamsport,  July 
loth  ;  Jones'  Cross  Roads,  July  nth  ;  Falling  Waters, 
July  17th;  Chester  Gap,  July  28th;  Rappahannock, Aug. 
3d  ;  Culpepper  C.  H..  Aug.  24th  ;  Raccoon  Ford, 
Aug.  27th  ;  Madison  C.H.,  Sept.  12th  ;  Germania  Ford, 
Oct.  loth  ;  Stevensburg,  Oct.  13th ;  and  Brentsville, 
Oct.  17th. 

At  the  close  of  the  campaign  of  1863,  the  reg  ment 
was  sent  to  Chicago,  to  recruit  and  reorganize.  It  im- 
mediately filled  to  maximum,  and  on  Feb.  9,  1864,  left 
for  St.  Louis,  1,250  strong.  It  thence  moved  to  New 
Orleans,  and  joined  in  the  Red  River  expedition.  Was 
in  action  at  Alexandria,  La.,  Markville.  Yellow  Bayou, 
and  Morgamzia.  Returned  to  New  Orleans  June  ist  ; 
thence  to  Napoleonville,  La.  In  October,  marched  to 
Baton  Rouge.  Was  moved  to  Vicksburg,  Memphis, 
into  Arkansas,  and  through  Northern  Louisiana,  and 
back  to  Memphis,  Feb.  14,  1865,  during  which  time  it 
had  many  encounters  with  the  enemy,  doing  noble  ser- 
vice for  its  country.  Here  120  officers  and  200  men  left 
the  ret;iment.  on  account  of  expiration  of  service,  and 
the  regiment  was  reduced  to  eight  companies. 

The  Twelfth  continued  to  do  efTective  service  until 
May  29,  1866,  when  it  was  mustered  out  of  service. 

Company  A. 

Captain  Philip  E.  Fisher,  com.  First,  Lieutenant  Feb. 
28,  1862,  Promoted  Captain  Sept.  4,  1862.  Dis- 
charged for  promotion  Jan.  27,  1864. 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY    WAR   RECORD. 


345 


First  Lieuteii.iiit  Jos.  E.  Fisher,  c.  as  private  Dec.  i, 
1861.  Prom. -ted  Sergeant,  then  First  1-ieiitenant, 
Jan.  27,  1S64.     Term  expired  March  2,  1865. 

Second  Lieutenant  Frederick  ISlaisdell,  e.  as  First  Ser- 
geant Dec.  14,  1861.  Promoted  Second  Lieutenant 
Sept.  4,  1862.     Resigned  Jan.  2,  1864. 

Sergt.  H.  B.  Woodruff,  e.  Nov.  29,  1861,  disd.  March 
10,  1864,  disab. 

Sergt.  E.  H.  Newton,  e.  Jan.  s,'62,  trans.  Inv.  Corps. 

Sergt.  Ashley  Ale.\ander,  e.  Dec.  5,  1861. 

Sergt.  Horace  Pomeroy,  e.  Dec.  13, '61,  deserted  June 
29,  1862. 

Corpl.  Wni.  C.  Redline,c  Nov.  29,  1861,  vet.,  m.  o. 
ALirch  I,  18(16. 

Corpl.  Henry  .Adams,  e.  Jan.  8,  1862,  vet. 

Corpl.  F.  Hubar,  e.  Dec.  4,  1861,  vet. 

Corpl.  Fred.  Repper,  e.  Dec.  15,  i86i,disd.  May,  1862. 

Corpl.  Edgar  Davis,  e.  Jan.  7,  1862,  vet.,  discharge 
not  given. 

Corpl. .\.B.F.Uohbs,  e.Dec.9,  '61  .deserted  June  27,  '62. 

Bugler  H.  C.  Schermerhorn,  e.  Feb.  18,  1862,  prmt. 
Chief  Bugler,  m.  o.  by  order  War  Dep.. 

Bugler  Henry  Harte,  e.  Dec.  15,  1861. 

Farrier  H.  M.  Blaisdell,  e.  Dec.  8,  '61,  disd.  Nov.,  '62. 

.A,ldrich  Alva  C.  e.  Nov.  8,  1861,  disd.  Feb.  19,  1863. 

Abbott  Jas.  e.  Dec.  26,  1861,  vet. 

Bessy  Anson,  e.  Nov.  13,  1861,  deserted  June  i,   1862. 

Byers  John,  e.  May  29,  i86t,  m.  o.  March  17,  1865. 

Collins  Wm.  e.  Jan.  7,  1861,  vet.,  deserted  Dec.   5,  '65. 

Davis  Oliver,  e.  Feb.  28,  1862. 

Dyer  Edw.  e.  Feb.  28,  1862.  disd.  March,  1863. 

Gleason  Jesse  A.  e.  Nov.  8,  1861,  deserted  June,   1862. 

Hollenbeck  T.  e.  Nov.  16,  1861. 

Hollenbeck  Rival,  e.  Nov.  8,  1861,  vet. 

Handlin  Franklin,  e.  Dec.  4,  1861. 

He.ild   1  hos.  K.  e.  Feb.  2,  1862,   prmt.  veterinary  surg. 

Henderson  Zina,  e.  Feb.  28,  1862,  disd.  March,  1863. 

Kathan  N.  H.  e.  Feb.  28,  '62,  disd.  Mar.  10,  '64,  disab. 

Mother  S.  V.  e.  Nov.  8,  1861,  disd.  May,  1862. 

Mitchell  Noah,  e.  Nov.  16,  1861,  died  Sept.  4,  '62.  wds. 

Murry  John,  e.  Jan.  i,  1862. 

Perry  Geo.  W.  e. Dec.  21, '6i, vet.,  disd. Oct. 2,'64, 'disab. 

Rodd  Wm.  e.  Jan.  6,  1862.  disd.  October,  .862. 

Ready  Jos.  C.  e.  Jan. 27, '62,  vet.,  deserted  July  22, '65. 

Stedsan  D.  Ll.  e.  Dec.  23,  1861,  m.  o.  March  20,  1865, 

term  ex. 
Winters  Wm.  e.  Dec.  16,  1861. 
Wyman  Chas.  L.  e.  Jan.  8,  1862. 

Atkins  Louis,  e.  Dec.  24,  1861,  disd.  Aug.  28,  1864. 
Bcown  Elliott  L.  e.  Dec.  12,  1863,  m.  u.  Alay  29,  1866. 
Cormin  Odel  H.  e.  Dec.  12,  1863,  died  Oct.  8,  1864. 
Champaign  P.  e.  Aug.  12,  1862. 
Crowel  H.  C.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 
Campbell  Wm.  A.e.  Dec.  11,  '63,  deserted  July  25,  '65. 
Cutler  James,  e.  Dec.  8,  1S63,  m.  o.  May  29,  1866. 
Conger  John  D.  e.  Dec. 11,  '63,  disd.  April  13,  '65, disab. 

Dean  Martin,  ,  disd.  Dec.  i86z,  disab. 

Davis  Isaac  F.  e.  May  i,  '62,  disd.  April  30,  '65,  disab. 

Dobson  (ieo.  e.  Sept.  20,  1862. 

Dobiron  Thos.  e.  Sept.  25,  1S62. 

Eastman  Thos.  V.  e.  Dec.  20,  1863. 

Elliott  Merritt,  e.  Dec.  12,  1863,  m.  o.  May  29,  1866. 

Fisher  John  L.  e.  Aug. 12,  '62,  disd.  April  18,  '63,di'ab. 

Griffin  Geo.  W.  e.  April  4,  '62,  died  Aug.  18,  1864,  wds. 

Grimes  Jas.  T.  e.  Aug.  19,  1862,  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 

Goodwin  Silas,  e.  Aug.  19,  1862. 

Handlin  John,  e.  May  1,62,  disd.  April  3o,'6s,term  ex. 

Haight  W.  S.  e.  Aug.  27,1862,  disd.  March,  1863,  disab. 

Hill  Lorenzo,  e.  Dec.  ii,  1863,  drowned  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Knapp  Chas.  L.  e.  March  5,  1863. 

Loun  Perry,   e.  June  16,  1862,  died   at   New  Orleans, 

Jan.  5,  1865. 
Lyon  Oliver,  e.  April. 

McClintock  Robt.  e.  Sept.  i,  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 
Nash  Chester,  e.  Aug.  i,  1862,  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 
Patten  James,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862. 

Patten  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  29,  1862,  in.  o.  June  i6,  1865. 
Patten  Lyman  E.  e.  Aug.  29,  1862,  m.  o.  June  17,  1865. 
Parks  |ohn  F.    e.  Nov.  3,  1862,   prisoner  of  war  since 

May,  1863,  no  other  record. 
Proudfit  A.  J.  e.  June  16,  1862,  deserted  March,  1863. 
Pittinger  Chas.  e.  Dec.  11,  1863. 
Rose  1  hos.  C.  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 
Rogers  Oscar,  e.  Aug.  16,  i86?,  died  April  26,  1864. 
Snare  Chas.  W.  e.  Nov.  i,  1862,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1805. 
Smith  C.  e.  Oct.  30,  1862,  deserted  Dec.  5,  1865. 
Sanders  Thos.  e.  Dec.  12,  '63,  disd.  July  i6,  i864,disab. 


Townsend  Samuel  B.  e.  Aug  16,  1862,  died  Aug. 11, '64. 

Tunison  David  K.  e.  Nov.  i,  1862,  m.  o.  June  i6,  1865. 

V.tndyke  John  C.  e.  April  25,  1S63. 

Ward  N.  S.  e.  Aug.  26.  1862. 

Williams  Lester  W.  e.  June  23, '62,  deserted  Aug. 20,  '64 

Company  D. 

Bouck  L.  D.  e.  Dec.  29,  1863,  disd.  for  disab. 
Fitzgerald  Matthew,  e.  April  6,  '63,  m.  o.  April  5,  1866. 
Smith  Henry,  e.  April  5,  1863. 

Company  K. 

Hamlin  David  P.  e.  Nov.  21,  '63, deserted  July  21,  1865. 

12th  Cavalry. 

Hamsil  Robt.  e.  Dec.  17,  1863,  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 

Higgenbottom  J.  e.  Dec.  28,  '63,  deserted  Sepi,  11,  '64. 

Jenkins  Frank,  e.  March  12,  1863.  disd. 

Lee  Samuel,  e.  March  12,  1863,  deserted. 

Maxwell  Thos.  e.  Dec.  9,  1863,  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 

Neil  Thos.  e.  Dec.  9,  1863. 

Naylor  John,  e.  Dec.  28,  1863. 

Orr  F.  D.  e.  Dec.  28,  1863. 

Quackenbush  Geo.  W.  e.  Dec.  15,  1863. 

Randall  Jonas  M.  e.  Dec.  29,  1863. 

Yotall  Moses,  e.  Dec.  15,  1863. 

12th  Cavalry  (Consolidated.) 

Second  Lieutenant  Robert  Canfield,  e.  as  Corporal. 
Mustered  out  May  29,  1866,  as  Sergeant.  Com- 
missioned Second  Lieutenant,  but  not  mustered. 

17th  Cavalry. 

The  Seventeenth  Cavalry  Regiment  Illinois  Volun- 
teers was  organized  under  special  authority  from  the 
War  Department,  Lssued  Aug.  12,  1863,  to  Hon.  John 
F.  Farnsworth.  The  rendezvous  w.is  established  at  St. 
Charles,  Kane  County,  Illinois.  By  the  approval  of 
the  Governor  of  the  State,  the  Colonelcy  of  the  Regi- 
ment was  offered  John  L.  Beveridge,  then  Major  in  the 
Eighth  Illinois  Cavalry,  who  assumed  the  work  of  re- 
cruitment and  organization,  and  opened  the  rendezvous 
Nov.  15,  1863.  bight  companies  were  mustered  in  Jan. 
22,  1864.  Four  other  companies  were  mustered  in  and 
the  organization  of  the  Regiment  completed,  Feb.  12, 
1864.  The  Regiment  was  sent  to  Jeffers' n  Barracks, 
Mo.,  where  1,100  sets  of  horse  equipments  were  re- 
ceived. From  there  it  moved  to  Alton,  111.,  and  re- 
lieved the  Thirteenth  Illinois  Cavalry  in  guarding  the 
Military  Prison  at  that  place. 

Early  in  June  following,  the  First  Battalion  was  or- 
dered to  St.  Louis,  and  the  Second  Battalion  followed 
immediately.  Both  being  fully  mounted  were  ordered 
at  onci  to  North  Missouri  District.  The  First  Battal- 
ion, Lieutenant  Colonel  Denuis  J.  Hynes  commanding, 
proceeded  to  .^t.  Joseph,  Mo.,  where  the  commanding 
officer  reported  in  person  to  General  Fisk,  commanding 
District  of  North  Missouri.  The  Second  Battalion, 
Major  Lucius  C.  Matlack  commanding,  was  assigned 
by  General  C.  B.  Fisk  to  the  post  ot  Glasgow,  Mo. 
From  this  period,  for  four  months,  the  three  battalions 
were  separate  and  remote  from  each  other,  and  so  ex- 
tended were  their  movements,  that  it  is  impossible  to 
follow  them  in  this  brief  sketch.  They  seem  to  have 
been  all  over  Missouri  after  Price's  and  Jeff.  Thompson's 
Guerilla  Bands,  following  them  into  Kansas  and  Arkan- 
sas., doing  most  efficient  service. 

Major  Philip  E.  Fisher,  com.  Jan.  27,  1864.  Resigned 
Feb.  18,  1864. 

Company  B. 

Corpl.  Mat.  Decota,  e.  Nov.  17,  1863,  m.  o.  Dec.  15, 
1865,  Farrier. 

Company   D. 

Hunt  Wm.  J.  e.  Sept.  28.  1864,  m.  o.  July  s,  1865. 
Hunt  Robt.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864,  m.  o.  July  5,  1865. 
Vascoy  Van  Rennsalaer,  e.Sept.28,'64,  m.o.  July  21,  65. 


346 


WINNEBAGO  COUNTY  WAR  KECOED. 


Company   E. 

Henry  Jas.  e.  Sept.  24,  1864,  m.  o.  Julj-  21,  1865. 
Murray  John,  e.  Oct.  7,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,  1865. 
Turner  J.  e.  Oct.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  5,  1865. 
Walze  Geo.  e.  Oct.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  5,  1865. 

Company   F. 

Smith  J.  R.  e.  Dec.  29,  1863,  m.  o.  Nov.  13,  1865. 
Brock  Geo.  e.  Sept.  24,  1864,  disd.    term  expired. 
Isbell  H.  H.  e.  Sept.  24,  1864,  m.  o.  May  15,  1865. 
Orr  F.  D.  m.  o.  Dec.  18,  1865,  blacksmith. 

Company  H. 

Captain  .\Vm.  Hebard,  com.    Jan.  22,    1864.     Resigned 

Dec.  9  1864. 
First   Sergt.  Alvin  S.   Butler,  e.   Nov.    i,   1863,  m.  o. 

Dec.  15,  1865,  Sergt. 
Com.  Sergt.  Chas.  H.  Simpson,  e.   Nov.  i,   1863,  disd. 

Dec.  24,  1864,  Sergt. 
Laird  Albert  G.  e.  Dec.  15, '63,  m.o.  Dec.  15, '65, bugler. 
Young  Chas. Hen. y,  e.  Dec.  12,63,  deserted  Sept. 22, '65. 
Yoxall  Moses,  died  May  2,  1864. 

Company  K. 

Captain  Gen.  Stratton,  com.   Jan.  25,   1864.     Resigned 

May  17,  1865. 
Second  Li>  utenant  Albert   S.    Phelps,   e.  as  Sergeant. 

Promoted  Second  Lieutenant  June  29,  1865.     Mus- 
tered out  Dec.  22,  1865. 
First  Sergt.  Sidney  G.  Smith,  e.   Dec.   ii,   1863,  m.  o. 

Dec.  22,  1865,  Sergt. 
Q.    M.   Sergt.    Wm.   Whitbeck,  e.   Dec.   i,  1863,  First 

Sergt.,  disd.  for  promotion  in  Col'd  Troops. 
Com.    Sergt.    Egbert  Phillips,  e.   Dec.    30,  1863,  m.  o. 

Dec.  22,  1865,  Co.  Q.  M.  Sergt. 
Sergt.  John  G.  Willis,  e.  Jan.  4, '64,  m.o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Sergt.  Frank  R.  Hill,  e.  Jan.  2,  1864,  disd.   lor   promo- 
tion in  Colored  Troops. 
Sergt.  Parker  D.  Smith,  e.  Dec.  9,  1863,  m.  o.  Dec.  22, 

1865,  private. 
Sergt.  Edwin  C.  Carpenter,  e.  Jan.  2,  1864,  m.o.  Dec. 

22,  1865,  private. 
Corpl.  Van  Buren  DaLee,  e.  Jjn.  i,  1864,   m.   o.  Dec. 

22,  1865,  private. 
Corpl.  Edward  Dyer,  e.    Jan.  4,   1864,  m.o.  Dec.  22, 

1865,  Corpl. 
Blacksmith  M.  M.   Wyllys,  e.   Dec.  30,1863,  shot  by 

City  Marshal  at  Ft.  Scott,  Kan.,  while   trying  to 

arrest  him. 
Bugler  John  M.  Clark,  e.  Jan.  2,  '64,  m.  o.  Dec.  22, '65. 
Saddler  John  Taylor, e.  Jan., ,prmt.  Regt. Saddler. 

Allen  Jas.  M.  e.  Jan.  i,  1864,  deserted  Sept.  ii,  1864. 
Bryden  E.  P.  e.  Dec.  25,  1863,  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Babcock  B.  F.  e.  Dec.  11,  1863,  m.o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Handy  Sam'l  A.  died  at  Marengo,  111.,  Feb.  21,  1864. 
Higgenbottom  John,  deserted  Sept.  11,  1864. 
Keeney  Don  A.  m.  o.  Dec.  22.  1865. 
Morey  L.  Austin,  f.  Jan.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Mill  Wm.  E.  e.  Jan.  2,  1864,  m.o.  Dec.  22,  1865,  Sergt. 
Maxwell  Thos.  e.  Dec.  9,  1863,  m.o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Matthews  H.  L.  e.  Jan.  2,  '64,  m.o.  Dec.  22, '65,  Corpl. 
Moore  E.  B.  e.  Jan.  2,  1864,  detached  m.  o.  regt 
Orr  F.  D.  trans,  to  Co.  F,  m.  o.  Dec.  18, '65,  bl'ksmith. 
Pells  Sam'l  E.  e.  Jan.  2,  1864,  m.o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Quackingbush  Geo.  W.  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Randall  J.  M.  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1S65. 

Strong  J.  D.  e.  Jan.  2, '64,  m.o.  Dec.  22, '65,   Wagoner. 
Squire  Wm.  H.  e.  Jan.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1865. 
Wood  C.  B.  Jan.  2,  1864,  m.  o.  Dec.  22,  1865,  Sergt. 
Wood  Henry  G.  e.  Jan.  2,  1864,  m.o.  Dec.  22, '65, Sergt. 

Burmore  H.  H.  e.  Oct.  6,  1864,  m.  o.  Nov.  8,  1865. 
DeGroff  L.  e.  Oct.  6,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,  1865. 
Ehrler  Adam,  e.  Oct.  i,  1864,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,  1865. 

Company  L. 

Neil  Thomas,  e.  Dec.  9,  1863,  disd.  Jan.,  1866. 
Hoover  Jacob  O.  e.  Sept.  23,  1864,  rejected. 
Seal  Peter,  e.  Sept.  6,  1864,  m.  o.  May  23,  1865. 

Miscellaneous  Cavalry, 

2d  Cavalry. 

Mack  John  P.  e.  Aug.  8,  '61 ,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.,  Jan.  5, 
1864,  m.  o.  Nov.  22,  1865,  as  Farrier. 


Prescott  Wm.  e.  Aug.  8,  '61,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.,  Jan.  5, 

1864,  m.  o.  Nov.  22,  1865. 
Taylor  Geo.  e.  Aug.  8,  1861,  re-enlisted  as  Vet.,  Jan.  5, 

1864,  m.  o.  Nov.  22,  1865,  as  Sergt. 

14th  Cavalry. 

Robbins  H.  M.  e.  Oct.  5,  1862,  m.  o.  July  8,  1865,  was 
prisoner  of  war. 

15th   Cavalry. 

Captain  Oscar  H.  Huntley,  com.  Captain  Co.  K,  ist 
111.  Cav.,  Dec.  9,  1861.  Transferred  to  this  Regi- 
ment.    Resigned  Dec.  8,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  Thos.  A.  Stevens,  com.  Frst  Lieuten- 
ant Co.  K,  1st  111.  Cav.,  Dec.  9,1861.  Transferred 
to  this  Regiment.     Mustered  out  at  consolidation. 

Second  Lieutenant  Wm.  Hebard, com.  Second  Lieuten- 
ant Co.  K,  ist  111.  Cav.,  Dec.  9,  1861.  Transferred 
to  this  Regiment.     Mustered  out  at  consolidation. 

1st  Artillery, 

Company  A. 

Chandler  Geo.  e.  Auff.  31,  1864,  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Eaton  C.  B.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864,  m.  o.  May  21,  i  65. 
Parson  F.  L.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864,  m.  o.,  May  21,  1865. 
Rudd  A.  M.  e.  Sept.  27,  1864,  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Rockwell  Jos.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864,  m.  May  21,  1865. 

Company  B. 

Anderson  John  L.  e.  Jan.  4,  1864,  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Burns  Geo.  B.  e.  Dec.  23,  1863.  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Crampton  F.  e.  Dec.  23,  1863,  m.  o.  July  lo,  1865. 
Crampton  N.  e.  Dec.  23,  1863,  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Cammon  F.  D.  e.  Dec.  23,  1863,  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Hall  Melville,  e.  Dec.  23,  1863,  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Lake  L.  F.  e.  Dec.  23,  1863,  detached  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Rising  H.  C.  e.  Dec.  23,  1863,  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Rudd  Henry,  e.  Jan.  5,  1864,  m.  o.  May  19,  1865. 

Company  H. 

Abrahamson  John,  e.  Feb. 25,  '62,  disd.  Oct.7.'62,disab. 

Buckland  J.  J.  e.  Jan. 15,  1862,  vet.,  m.o. June  14,  1865. 

Benson  Henk,  e.  Feb.  15,  1862,  vet.,  m.o. June  14,1865. 

Giefer  Henry,  e.  Jan.  28,  1S62,  disd. Oct. 20, 1862,  disab. 

Johnson  John  A.  e.  Jan.  13,  1862.  deserted. 

Oberg  P.  A.  e.  Jan.  15,  1862,  vet.,  m.  o.  June  14,  1865. 

Peter  John,  e.  Feb.  25,  1862,  vet.,  m.  o.  June  14,  1865. 

Wallburg  Lewis,  e.  Jan.  15,  '62,  vet., m.o. June  14,  1865. 

.Anderson  Henry,  e.  March  4,  '62,  deserted  April  6,  '62. 

Linwall  Aug.  e.  March  5,  1862,  deserted. 

Pearson  Olof,  e.  March  5,  1862,  disd.  Oct. 20,  '62,  disab. 

Company  I. 

McRee  James,  e.  Feb.  3,  1862,  disd.  Feb.  10,  1863. 
Peters  Wm.  e.  Jan.  9,  1862,  vet.,  m.  o.  July  26,  1865. 
Ramsdell  D.  H.  e.  Jan.  19,  '62,  vet.,  m.  o.  July  26,  '65. 
Allen  Benj.  e.  Oct.  4,  1864,  m.  o.  July  26,  1865. 
Smith  Anthony,  e.  March  i,  1862,  vet., m.o. July  26, '65. 

Atwood  H.  C.  e.  Jan.  5,  1864. 
Fenton  S.  e.  Sept.  28,  1864,  rejected. 
Linds  H.  e.  Sept.  28. 


2cl  Artillei^y. 


First  Assistant  Surgeon  Giles  P.  Ransom,  com.  March 
18,  1862.     Resigned  Jan.  23,  1863. 

Company   G. 

Fiist  Lieutenant  Wm.  C.  Whitney,  com.  Second  Lieu- 
tenant Oct.  5,  i8bi.  Promoted  First  Lieutenant 
Dec.  31,  1861.     Mustered  out  Feb.  22,  1863. 

Forbes  Wm.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct,  4,  1864. 

Goold  Thos.  G.  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  m.  o.  Oct.  4,  1864. 

Hall  Alfred,  e.  Sept.  i,  1861,  as  vet.  m.  o.  Sept.  4,  1865, 
artificer. 

Holland  Chas.  e.  Sept.  i,  '61,  disd.  Jan.  20.  1862,  disab. 

Kingsbury  Wm.  e.  Oct.  i,  '61,  disd.  July  29,  '62,  disab. 

Gould  G.  F.  e.  Dec.  2.'6l,vet.,  prmt.  Regt.  Q.  M.  Sergt. 

Mcintosh  H.  e.  Jan.  20,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,  1865. 

Scoonmaker  John,  e.  Jan.  20,  1864,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,  1865. 


'•j.s<(»#* 


CHERRY  VALLEY 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  34:9 

The  war  ended,  peace  concluded  and  the  union  preserved  in  its  integ- 
rity, those  sons  of  Winuebag-o  who  had  vohinteered  tlieir  lives  in  defense  of 
the  unity  of  the  government  who  were  spared  to  see  tlie  triumph  of  patriot- 
ism over  treason,  returned  to  their  homes  to  receive  grand  ovations  of  wel- 
come and  tributes  of  honor  from  friends  and  neighbors  who  had  eagerly  and 
zealously  followed  them  wherever  the  fortunes  of  war  directed.  Exchanging 
their  soldiers'  uniform  for  citizens'  dress,  they  fell  back  to  their  old  voca- 
tions— on  the  farm,  at  the  forge,  the  bench,  in  the  shop,  and  whatever  else 
their  hands  found  to  do.  Brave  men  and  honorable  always;  and  no  class  of 
Winnebago's  citizens  are  entitled  to  greater  respect  and  consideration  than 
the  volunteer  soldiery,  not  only  because  they  were  soldiers  in  the  hour  ot 
the  country's  peril,  but  because  in  their  association  with  their  fellow-citizens 
their  walk  is  upright,  and  their  honesty  and  character  without  reproach. 

HISTORICAL  RECORD— Continued. 

OLD  settlers'  association.  / 

oil !    a  wondertnl  stream  is  the  river  of  Time, 

As  it  runs  tlirougli  the  realm  of  tears, 
With  a  faultless  rhythm,  and  a  musical  rhyme, 
And  a  broader  sweep,  and  a  surge  sublime, 

As  it  blends  in  the  ocean  of  years. 

—B.  F.  Taylor. 

Forty-three  years  have  come  and  gone  since  white  men  began  to  exercise 
dominion  in  the  Rock  River  Valley — erst  the  home  of  the  Winnebagoes 
and  their  kindred.  These  years  have  been  full  of  changes,  and  the  visitor 
of  to-day,  ignorant  of  the  Past  of  the  county,  could  scarcely  be  made  to  re- 
alize that  within  these  years  there  has  grown  up  a  population  of  about 
3(>,00(>,  that,  in  all  the  accomplishments  and  acquirements  of  life,  are  as  far 
advanced  as  are  the  people  of  the  counties  of  the  older  States.  Schools, 
churches,  colleges,  palatial-like  dwellings,  beautiful  grounds,  large,  well-cul- 
tivated and  productive  farms,  as  well  as  cities,  towns  and  busy  manufact- 
ories, have  grown  up  and  occupy  the  hunting  grounds  and  camping  places 
of  the  Winnebago  tribe  of  red  men,  and  in  every  direction  there  are  evi- 
dences of  wealth,  comfort  and  luxury.  There  is  but  little  left  of  the  old 
land-marks.  Advanced  civilization  and  the  progressive  demands  of  revolv- 
ing years  have  obliterated  all  traces  of  Indian  occupancy,  until  they  are  only 
remembered  in  name. 

The  beginning  of  these  changes  was  made  in  August,  1834,  when 
Germanicus  Kent  and  Thatcher  Blake  landed  their  little  canoe  at  the 
mouth  of  Kent  creek.  In  June  of  the  following  year,  the  entire  population 
numbered  only  eleven  persons,  but  during  the  remainder  of  that  year,  and 
notably  during  1836  and  up  to  1840,  immigration  was  rapid.  All  the 
arrivals  up  to  and  during  the  year  1840,  are  classed  as  "Old  Settlers,"  and 
as  such  are  recognized  by  the  "Rockford  Society  of  Early  Settlers."  When 
the  census  was  taken  in  1840,  the  population  had  increased  to  4,609,  while 
the  election  returns  for  that  year  show  that  a  total  of  1,114  votes  was  cast 
for  President.  [Of  these  votes,  789  were  cast  for  General  Harrison,  321  for 
Martin  Van  Buren  and  four  for  the  candidate  of  the  Abolition  party.] 

Of  the  voters  and  heads  of  families  representing  the  population  of 
1840,  many  removed  from  the  county  to  find  homes  in  other  states,  while 
the  spirits  of  others  were  called  to  join  the  immortal    throng  gathered. 

19K    ■ 


350  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

around  the  great  white  throne  in  the  far-away  realms  of  eternal  life  and 
light.  Others  preferred  to  remain  in  the  homes  they  commenced  in  the 
lands  of  the  Winnebagoes,  and,  by  the  goodness  and  mercy  of  God,  have 
grown  in  wealth,  wisdom  and  nsefnlness,  nntil  in  their  declining  years,  they 
are  respected  and  honored  patriarchs  in  the  community  that  owes  much  of 
its  character  to  the  influences  they  established  in  pioneer  times. 

It;  is  not  strange  that  among  the  pioneer  settlers  of  any  new  country  a 
deep-seated  and  sincere  friendship  should  spring  up,  that  would  grow  and 
strengthen  with  their  years.  The  incidents  peculiar  to  life  in  a  new  coun- 
try— the  trials  and  hardships,  privations  and  destitutions — are  well  calcu- 
lated to  test  not  only  the  physical  powers  of  endurance,  but  the  moral, 
kindly,  generous  attributes  of  inanhood  and  womanhood.  They  are  times 
that  try  men's  souls  and  bring  to  the  surface  all  that  there  may  be  in  them 
of  either  good  or  bad.  As  a  rule,  there  is  an  equality  of  conditions  that 
recognizes  no  distinctions.  All  occupy  a  common  level,  and  as  a  natural 
consequence,  a  brotherly  and  sisterly  feeling  grows  up  that  is  as  lasting  as 
time,  for  "a  fellow  feeling  makes  us  wondrous  kind."  With  such  a  com- 
munity, there  is  a  hospitality,  a  kindness,  a  benevolence  and  a  charity  un- 
known and  unpracticed  among  the  older,  richer  and  more  densely  popu- 
lated commonwealths.  The  very  nature  of  their  surroundings  teaches  them 
to  ''feel  each  other's  woe,  to  share  each  other's  joy."  An  injury  or  a  wrong 
may  be  ignored,  but  a  Mndly^  generous^  charitahle  act  is  never  forgotten. 
The  memory  of  old  associations  and  kindly  deeds  is  always  fresh.  Raven 
locks  may  bleach  and  whiten  ;  full,  round  cheeks  sinken  and  hollow  ;  the 
tires  of  intelligence  vanish  from  the  organs  of  vision  ;  the  brow  become 
wrinkled  with  care  and  age,  and  the  erect  form  bowed  with  accumulating 
years,  but  the  true  friends  of  the  "long  ago"  will  be  remembered  as  long  as 
life  and  reason  endure. 

The  surroundings  of  pioneer  life  are  well  calculated  to  test  the  "true 
inwardness"  of  the  human  heart.  As  a  rule,  the  men  and  women  who  first 
occupy  a  new  country — who  go  in  advance  to  spy  out  the  land  and  prepare 
it  for  the  coming  of  a  future  people — are  bold,  fearless,  self-reliant  and 
industrious.  In  these  respects,  no  matter  from  what  remote  sections  or 
countries  they  may  come,  there  is  a  similarity  of  character.  In  birth,  edu- 
cation, religion  and  language,  there  may  be  a  vast  diflerence,  but  imbued 
with  a  common  purpose — the  founding  and  building  of  homes — these  dif- 
ferences are  soon  lost  by  association,  and  thus  they  become  one  people, 
united  by  a  common  interest,  and  no  matter  what  changes  may  come  in 
after  years,  the  associations  thus  formed  are  never  buried  out  of  memory. 

in  pioneer  life  there  are  always  incidents  of  peculiar  interest,  not  only 
to  the  pioneers  themselves,  but  which,  if  properly  preserved,  would  be  of 
interest  to  posterity,  and  it  is  a  matter  to  be  regretted  that  the  formation 
of  "Old  Settlers'  Associations"  has  been  neglected  in  so  many  parts  of  the 
country.  The  presence  of  such  associations  in  all  the  counties  of  our 
common  country,  with  Avell  kept  records  of  the  more  important 
events,  such  as  dates  of  arrivals,  births,  marriages,  deaths,  removals,  nativ- 
ity, etc.,  as  any  one  can  readily  see,  would  be  the  direct  means  of  preserving 
to  the  literature  of  the  country,  the  history  of  every  community,  that,  to 
future  generations,  would  be  invaluable  as  a  record  of  reference,  and  a 
ready  method  of  settling  important  questions  of  controversy.  As  impor- 
tant as  these  Associations  are  admitted  to  be,  their  formation  has  not  yet 
become  general,  and  there  are  many  counties  in  the  Western  country  whose 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  351 

earlv  history  is  entirely  lost  because  of  such  neglect  and  indifference.  Such 
ori^anizations  would  possess  facts  and  figures  that  could  not  be  had  from 
any  other  source.  Aside  from  their  historic  importance,  they  would  serve 
as  a  means  of  keeping-  alive  and  further  cementing  old  friendships,  and 
renewing  among  the  members  associations  that  were  necessarily  interrupted 
by  the  innovations  of  increasing  population,  cultivating  social  intercourse, 
and  creating  a  charitable  fund  for  such  of  their  members  as  were  victims  of 
misfortune  and  adversity. 

Actuated  by  the  purposes  suggested  in  the  last  ])receding  paragraph, 
the  pioneers  of  Winnebago  County  organized  a  society  in  1870,  that  is 
known  as  the  Rockfokd  Society  of  Early  Settlers.  The  first  formal 
meeting  was  held  in  the  City  Council  rooms,  January  10,  1870,  when  a  con- 
stitution and  by-laws  were  adopted,  and  signed  by  such  of  the  old  settlers 
as  were  then  present.  Some  other  preliminary  arrangements  were  perfected, 
when  the  Society  adjourned  until  the  foUowiug  Saturday,  January  I5th, 
when  the  following  officers  were  elected: 

President — Thatcher  Blake;  Vice  President — David  S.  Penfield; 
Seeretari/ — Duncan  Ferguson;  Treasurer — A.  C.  Spafford;  Directors — 
John  Lake,  Thomas  D.  Robertson,  and  David  D.  Ailing. 

At  the  time  of  this  election  twenty-six  of  the  Old  Settlers  had  signed 
the  constitution  and  thus  become  members  of  the  society.  A  residence  in 
the  county  of  thirty  years,  and  the  payment  of  three  dollars  as  an  initiatory 
fee,  and  one  dollar  per  year  as  annual  dues,  are  qualifications  of  member- 
ship. If  at  any  time  a  further  sum  is  needed  for  any  specific  charitable 
purpose,  the  Board  of  Directors  are  clothed  with  power  to  levy  an  assess- 
ment upon  the  members.  The  object  of  the  Society  is  thus  defined  in 
article  two  of  the  constitution: 

''It  is  designed  to  be  a  moral  and  benevolent  association  for  the  pur- 
pose of  cultivating  social  intercourse  among  its  members,  and  creating  a 
fund  for  charitable  purposes  in  their  behalf.  To  collect  and  preserve 
information  connected  with  the  early  settlement  and  subsequent  history  of 
Winnebago  County;  and  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  those  whose  sagacity, 
energy  and  enterprise,  induced  them  to  settle  here  and  to  encounter  the 
toils  and  privations  incident  to  tiiose  who  first  settle  in  a  new  country." 

Article  three  provides  that  "this  Society  shall  be  composed  of  those 
male  residents  who  settled  in  this  county  previous  to  the  year  1840,  and 
who  are  now  residents  of  the  town  of  Eockford  and  vicinity.  That  here- 
after thirty  years  residence  in  the  town  of  Rockford  or  vicinity,  will  be  a 
suffici(!nt  qualification  for  any  such  settler  becoming  a  member  of  this 
Society." 

There  are  now  (October,  1877)  ninety-two  members,  whose  names, 
date  and  place  of  birth,  and  date  of  arrival  in  the  county,  are  given  below: 

Thatcher  Blake,  Turner,  Maine,  March  16,  1809;  August,  1834. 

Ephraim  Wyman,  June  26,  1809,  Lancaster,  Mass.;  Sept.  20,  18S5. 

Chas.  Works,  Nov.  24,  1803,  Westmoreland,  N.  H.;  Feb.  20,  1836. 

Henry  W.  Loomis,  Deckertown,  N.  J.;  May  15, 1836. 

Alonzo  Carey,  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.;  March  17,  1836. 

Chas.  P.  Brady,  Dec.  14,  1814,  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.;  November,  1836. 

Wm.  P.  Dennis,  Ipswich,  Mass.;  March  14,  1837. 

D.  D.  Ailing,  April  27,  1813,  Westfield,  Conn.;  Oct.  10,  1837. 

John  Fitch,  April  18, 1804,  Groton,  Mass.;  Nov.  23,  1838. 

John  Lake,  March  20,  1821,  England;  Nov.  1,  1887. 


362 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


H.  H.  Silsby,  Nov.  1,  1817,  Ackworth,  IS^.  H.;  April  27,  1837. 

Asa  W.  Weldon,  Yarmoiitli,  Mass.;  July  11,  1838. 

Wait  Talcott,  Connecticut;  Oct.  1,  1888. 

Thomas  D.  Robertson,  March  4,  1818,  Scotland;  December,  1838. 

E.  II.  Baker,  Ferrisburg,  Vt.;  Oct.  6,  1838. 

*David  S.  Penlield,  April  3,  1812,  Pittsford,  Vt;  April  12,  1839. 

S.  C.  Fuller,  Hawksborough,  Canada;  May  9,  1839. 

James  Gilbert,  Ts'ew  York  City;  May  20,'l839. 

Jason  Marsh,  Woodstock,  Yt;  June  22, 1839. 

H.  N.  Baker,  Ferrisburg,  Yt.;  Oct.  6,  1838. 

*Willard  Wheeler,  Yermout;  Oct.  6,  1839. 

Wm.  J.  Cole,  Richmond  Co.,  N.  Y.;  July  31,  1839. 

Phineas  Howes,  Sept.  25,  1817,  Putnam  Co.,  N.  Y.;  June  26,  1839. 

A.  C.  Spafford,  Adams,  N.  Y.;  October,  1839. 

Austin  Colton,  Jan.  30,  1817,  Northampton,  Mass.;  May,  1839. 

Duncan  Ferguson,  Nov.  15,  1809,  Glasgow,  Scotland;  Nov.  3,  1839. 

Bethuel  Houghton,  Cheshire  Co.,  N.  H.;  Nov.  1,  1836. 

*Chas.  I.  Horsman,  Boston,  Mass.;  Dec.  1,  1836. 

Thos.  Jefferson  Jewell,  Oct.  24, 1816,  Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y.;  Oct.  1, 1838. 

*  William  Twogood,  Rensselaer,  N.  Y.;  July  3,  1837. 

William  R.  Wheeler,  May  31,  1810,  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.;  Sept.,  1835. 

Nathaniel  Wilder,  June  30,  1794,  Lancaster,"Mass. ;  March,  1837. 

Isaiah  Lyon,  Woodstock,  Conn.;  June,  1838. 

A.  I.  Enoch,  July  24,  1819,  Davton,  O.;  Sept.,  1835. 

Homer  Denton,  Dec.  19,  1812,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.;  May  1,  1837. 

Elias  Martin,  Oct.  21,  1796,  Peacham,  Vermont;  Jan.  20,  1839 

William  Jones,  May  18,  1811,  Monmouth,  Wales;  June  30,  1837. 
:        R.  K.  Town,  June  3,  1802,  Granville,  N.  Y. ;  June,  1842. 

William  H.  Higbee,  June  30,  1826,  Shipton,  Lower  Canada;  Oct, ,1839. 

Selden  M.  Church,  March  4,  1804,  East  Holden,  Conn.;  Nov.,  1836. 

Alfred  Hart,  March  19,  1797,  Huntington,  Suffolk  Co.,  Long  Island, 
N.  Y.;  June  6,  1839. 

John  Spafford,  Nov.  26, 1821,  Adams,  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y.;  May,  1839. 

Richard  Montague,  August  2,  1799,  Hadley,  Hampshire  Co.,  Mass. ; 
July  1,  1835. 

*Spooner  Ruggles,  August  1,  1795,  Hardwick,  Worcester  Co.,  Mass.; 
Mav  1,  1836. 

'  Thomas  B.  Talcott,  April  17,  1806,  Tolland  Co.,  Conn.;  July  4,  1835. 

William  Peters,  Sept.  14,  1809,County  Antrim,  Ireland;  Oct.  10, 1837. 

Hiram  R.  Enoch,  Jan.  2,  1828,  Warren  Co.,  Ohio;  May  10,  1836. 

Duncan  H.  Ferguson,  Sept..  1835,  Scotland;  Nov.  3,  1839. 

Henry  P.  Reddington,  April  6,  1814,  Walpole,  N.  H.;  May,  1836. 

Benjamin  Franklin  Cunningham,  Feb.  3,  1820,  Petersborongh,  N.  H.; 
May,  1839. 

Samuel  Cunningham,  August  15,  1815,  Petersborongh,  N.  II.;  July 
11,  1839. 

Goodyear  A.  Sanford,  August  28, 1814,  Ilamden,  Conn. ;  Aug.  31, 1837. 

James  M.  Wright.  June  1,  1809,  Norwich,  Mass.;  Sept.,  1838. 

Ephraim  A.  Herrick,  April  28,  1817,   Andover,  Mass.;  June  6,  1836. 

John  II.  Thurston,  March  8, 1824,  Glens  Falls,  N.  Y.;  March  12, 1837. 

*Eliphalet  Gregory,  April  23,  1804,  Danbury,  Fairlield  Co.,  Conn.; 
June  17,  1835. 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  353 

Ephniim  Snniner,  Feb.  9,  1808,  Windham,  Vermont;  Oct.  19,  1835. 

^Jonathan  Wilson,  Sept.  2,  1795,  Yarmoutli,  Mass.;  Feb.  18,  183G. 

Eichard  8.  Stiles,  Aug.  15,  1811,  Nelson,  N.  H.;  March  29,  1837. 

Karris  Barnum,  Sept.  8,  1819,  Danbnry,  Conn.;  Jnne  9,  1838. 

Nathaniel  Belknap,  March  4,  1805,  Worcester,  Mass.;   August,  1838. 

Jesse  Blinn,  Angiist  9,  1809,  Bennington,  Vermont;  July,  1838. 

Elijah  L.  llerrick,  Sept.,  1820,  Andover,  Essex  Co.,  Mass.;  May,  1838. 

Asa  G.  Spalding,  August  10,1809;  Sheshequin,  T>radford  Co.,  Pa.; 
April  1836. 

Anson  S.  Miller,  Sept.  24,  1810,  Lee,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.;  July  15,  1840. 

Daniel  Dow,  March  16,  1816,  Perthshire,  Scotland;  March,  1841. 

^Michael  Burns,  Oct.  31,  1818,  Ireland;  Aug.  10,  1840. 

^Robert  J.  Cross,  Oct.  1,  1803,  Newbure^h,  N.  Y.;  August,  1835. 

Alfred  Hart,  Jr.,  Dec.  13,  1835,  Torapkms  Co.,  N.  Y.;  Sept.,  1839. 

Lewis  S.  Swezey,  Aug.  5,  1812,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.;  Sept.,  1839. 

"•■'Reuben  Barrett, Oct.  1, 1798,  Barre, Worcester  Co.,  Mass.;  Oct.l,  1839. 

Mowry  Brown,  Jan.  29,  1814,  Burrillville,  Providence  Co.,  R.  I.; 
April  28,  i838. 

Louis  Jackson,  July  15,  1815,  Cecil  Co.,  Maryland;  July  28,  1839. 

John  Piatt,  March  8,  1813,  New  Haven,  Conn.;  May  11,  1837. 

'-■'M.  H.  Regan,  Cobourg,  Canada  West;  March  1,  1840. 

Cyrus  F.  Miller,  Feb.  13,  1815,  Lee,  Oneida  Co.,  N.Y.;  April  23,  1841. 

*Henry  O.  Brown,  Aug.  18,  1812,  Madison,  N.  Y.;  July,  1840. 

G.  Tullock,  July  4, 1815,Rothiermay,P)anffshire,  Scotland;  Dec.  1,1841. 

William  Halley,  June  4,  1818,  Fifeshire,  Scotland;  June  12,  1838. 

Darius  Fish,  Aug.   30,1800,   Washinirton  Co.,  N.  Y^;  Sept.  30,1839. 

*John  W.Dyer,  Aug.  22,  1813,  Sto^ckton,  Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y\; 
April,  1838. 

C.  H.  SpofFord,  Jan.  6,  1819,  Adams,  N.  Y.;  May  30,  1839. 

Eli  Hall,  Nov.  5,  1803,  Wallingford,  Conn.;  1837. 

Levi  M.  Taft,  Nov.  12,  1817,  Cortland  Co.,  N.  Y^.;  June  4.  1837. 

Geo.  S.  Haskell,  Oct.  4, 1838,  Jiockford,  Winnebago  Co.,  III.,  Oct. 
4,  1838. 

Hiram  Richardson,  Aug.  24,  1818,  Orange  Co.,  Vermont;  Oct.  10, 1837. 

Let'i  Moulthro'p,  March  16,  1841,  NeiD  MiJford,  Winnehago  Co., 
III..  March  16,  1841. 

M.  H.  Trainer,  Sept.  30, 1818,  Riga  Town,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.;  June  25, 
1838. 

J.  Taylor,  Sept.  13, 1808,  SaHsbury,  Hillsboro  Co.,  N.  H.;  April,  1836. 

Sylvester  Talcott,  Oct.  14,  1810,  Rome,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.;  Feb.  26,1836. 

Elijah  B.Guilford,  April  21,1824,  Spencer,  Worcester  Co.,  Mass.; 
Oct.  19,  1835. 

James  B.  Martyn,  Dec.  28,  1801,  Parish  of  Provus,  County  of  Corn- 
wall, England;  April,  1836. 

Two  of  the  members  whose  names  appear  in  this  list,  George  S.  Has- 

*Since  the  organization  of  this  Association  of  Old  Settlers,  thirteen  of  them,  those 
whose  names  are  marked  with  an  asterisk  (*),  have  passed  away.  D.  S.  Peulield  died  May 
20,  1873;  Willard  Wheeler,  April  24,  1876;  C.  I.  Horsman,  March  2,  1875:  William  Two- 
good,  April  18,  1874;  Spooner  Ruiro-les,  March  7,  1874;  E.  Gregory,  February  16,  1876;  J. 
Weldon,  March  16.  1874;  M.  Burns,  May  16,  1877;  K.  .T.  Cross,  February  lo,  187;l;  R. 
Barrett,  Nov.  30,  1872;  M.  H.  Regan,  February  27,  1875;  H.  O.  Brown,  February  27,  1875; 
J.  W.  Dyer,  November  11,  1875;  George  S.  llaskell,  August  23,  1876;  Peter  Grimes,  Feb- 
ruary  16,  1876. 


354  HISTOflY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

kell  and  Levi  Moulthrop,  were  born  in  the  county,  but  as  will  be  seen  by 
reference  to  article  three  of  the  constitution,  already  quoted,  are  fully 
entitled  to  membership.  A  lars^e  majority  of  the  others  came  here  before 
1840,  and  ha\  e  seen  the  wild  prairies  disappearino;  year  by  year  before  the 
well-directed  iiidustries  of  themselves  and  their  followers.  Nearly  all  of 
those  whose  names  appear  in  this  catalogue  are  well  preserved  intellectually 
and  physicalh^,  and  surrounded  by  all  the  necessarj-  comforts  of  life,  and  in 
their  declining  years  are  enabled  to  take  life  easily — to  sit  beneath  their  own 
vines  and  fig  trees,  and  enjoy  the  accumulations  of  the  industry  and  econ- 
omy of  their  pioneer  days. 

RIVER    IMPROVEMENT. 

For  many  years  the  improvement  of  Rock  River  so  as  to  render  it  nav- 
igable was  an  enterprise  that  enlisted  a  good  deal  of  attention  from  the 
people,  not  only  of  Winnebago,  but  of  all  the  counties  along  the  banks  of 
this  beautiful  tributary  of  the  Mississippi.  In  Winnebago,  and  especially 
among  the  people  of  Rockford,  a  river  improvement  fever  would  break  out 
every  once  in  a  while,  meetings  would  be  called,  resolutions  adopted,  com-, 
mittees  appointed,  petitions  drafted,  signed  and  forwarded  to  Congress, 
and  great  plans  inaugurated  for  this  purjjose.  And  indeed,  it  seems  almost 
a  pity  that  after  so  much  time,  money  and  labor  spent  in  this  direction,  the 
efforts  were  not  rewarded  as  the  people  hoped.  But  then,  there  is  this  con- 
solation— what  they  failed  to  accomplish  by  these  efforts  and  expenditures 
was  at  length  compensated  by  damnxing  the  river,  building  up  large  man- 
ufacturing establishments,  and  securing  railway  communication  with  every 
part  of  the  country. 

Failing  to  obtain  assistance  from  the  national  government  to  aid  in  the 
improvement  of  Rock  River,  the  Legislature  of  Illinois  was  invoked,  and  a 
special  law  passed  by  that  body,  about  1845-6,  to  enable  the  people  of  the 
several  counties  along  the  river,  from  Rock  Island  to  the  Wisconsin  State 
line,  to  vote  for  or  against  the  assessment  of  a  river  improvement  tax.  The 
measure  carried  in  all  the  counties,  a  tax  was  assessed  and  collected,  and 
the  work  commenced.  At  Rockford,  a  part  of  the  money  so  collected  was 
expended  in  1846,  in  attempting  to  cut  a  channel  through  the  rapids  where 
the  dam  has  since  been  built.  Work  was  also  commenced  at  Sterling  and 
other  points,  but  was  hnally  abandoned.  What  money  remained  on  hand  was 
paid  back  jpro  rata  to  the  counties  from  whicti  it  had  been  collected,  and 
public  attention  generally  turned  to  railroad  enterprises.  Kow  the  river  is 
dam'd  from  Milan,  near  its  confluence  with  the  Mississippi,  far  up  into 
Wisconsin. 

EDrCATIONAL. 

The  first  schools  taught  in  the  county  were  family  or  subscription 
schools;  the  first  house  erected  especially  for  school  purposes  ^^as  built  in 
Guildford  township,  in  the  spring  of  1837,  and  was  a  round  log  structure, 
12x20  feet  in  size,  and  in  which  a  school  was  commenced  in  May  of  that  year, 
by  Miss  Charlotte  Greggs,  of  St.  Charles,  Kane  County.  The  house  was 
built  and  the  school  sustained  by  five  of  the  settlers  :    A.    R.    Dimmick, 

Theopholis  Watkins, Powers,  Jacob  Enoch  and  Henry  Enoch,  all  of 

whom  are  now  dead.  There  was  neither  loft  nor  ceiling  in  this  school 
house,  which  stood  one  and  a  half  miles  east  of  the  present  school  house  in 
District  No.  1,  in  that  township.     The  next  school  was  commenced  in  Rock- 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEliAGO    COUNTY.  355 

tbrd  the  same  year,  by  Miss  Eunice  J^rown,  wlio  subsequently  married  Mr. 
J.  G.  Lyon,  lier  school  liouse  was  a  loo^  cabin  on  the  East  Side.  About' 
the  same  time,  JVIiss  Frances  Bradford  also  commenced  a  school  on  the 
West  Side.  The  building  she  occupied  was  a  small  log  cabin  belonging  to 
the  late  William  E.  Dunbar,  and  stood  a  short  distance  south  of  the  resi- 
dence of  S.  C.  Withson,  in  South  Rockford.  In  1838,  Miss  Sarah  A.  Dan- 
forth  taught  on  the  West  Side.  In  1889,  Miss  Wood  was  a  West  Side 
teacher.  In  the  winter  of  1838-9,  James  M.  Wight  taught  in  a  building  on 
the  corner  of  Main  and  Market  streets,  East  Side,  on  the  ground  now  occu- 
pied by  the  American  House.  In  1839,  Miss  Hyde  taught  in  the  same 
building.  In  the  same  year  ('39),  Andrus  Corbin  taught  in  a  house  owned 
b}'  himself,  on  the  West  Side.  But  it  is  unnecessary  to  continue  a  detailed 
mention  of  the  names  of  those  who  engaged  in  "  teaching  the  young  idea 
how  to  shoot,"  in  the  pioneer  days  of  Rockford  or  Winnebago  County,  for 
their  name  is  legiou.  But  it  is  due  alike  to  them  and  their  patrons  to  say 
that  they  all  made  good  records  as  educators.  To  name  all  of  those  who 
engaged  in  the  honorable  profession  of  teachers  from  the  date  of  the  open- 
ing of  the  first  school,  in  1837,  to  the  time  when  lands  became  taxable,  thus 
enabling  the  people  to  sustain  free  public  schools,  would  be  a  work  of 
su})ererogation.  As  the  population  increased  in  town  and  country,  schools 
increased  in  like  proportion.  As  the  years  increased,  and  the  people  in- 
creased in  wealth,  the  old  log  school  houses,  with  their  mud  and  stick  chim- 
neys, puncheon  floors,  and  puncheon  seats,  greased  paper  windows,  and 
other  primitive  accommodations,  went  down  before  those  more  in  keeping 
with  the  progressive  march  ot  time.  But  the  old  school  houses  and  the  old 
teachers  are  kindly  remembered  by  many  of  the  leading  men  of  the  county. 
In  them  the  foundations  of  usefulness  were  laid  that  have  enabled  many  of 
their  scholars  to  go  out  in  the  world  and  make  honorable  records  among 
the  learned  men  of  nations. 

In  no  one  interest  of  the  country  have  forty  years  marked  such  wonder- 
ful and  gratifying  changes  as  in  the  educational.  Forty  years  ago  a  knowl- 
edge of  the  higher  branches  could  only  be  obtained  at  the  colleges  of  the 
older  States — Yale,  Harvard,  Amherst,  Dartmouth  and  their  cotemporaries. 
Xow,  there  is  not  a  school  in  Winnebago  County  that  does'not  furnish  ad- 
vantages almost  e(jual  to  those  ofl'ered  at  the  beginning  of  the  last  half  cen- 
tury by  the  colleges  named.  All  over  the  Winnebago  prairies  neat  and 
comfortable  school  houses  are  to  be  seen,  w^hile  the  teachers  are  proficient 
and  competent  to  impart  instruction  in  any  of  the  branches  necessary  to 
any  of  the  ordinary  pursuits  of  life.  In  reality,  they  are  the  people's  col- 
Jegef(,  and  no  system  is  dearer  to  the  people  than  the  system  that  supports 
and  maintains  them.  To  make  war  upon  this  system  would  only  be  making 
war  upon  our  nation's  life. 

The  following  is  a  statistical  exhibit  of  the  school  interests,  as  shown 
by  the  Superintendent's  report  for  the  year  ending  Sept.  30,  1877  : 

jS'umber  of  males  under  21  years  of  age,  7,070;  number  of  females  do., 
7,287;  total,  14,357.  Number  of  males  between  6  and  21  years,  4,893 ; 
females,  do.,  5,155;  total,  10,048.  Number  of  school  districts,  130.  Num- 
ber of  districts  having  school  five  months  or  more,  128;  average  number  of 
months  school  sustained  7.7.  Number  of  male  pupils  enrolled,  3,451; 
females,  do.,  3,549;  total  number  of  pupils  enrolled,  7,000.  Number  of 
male  teachers  employed,  63 ;  females,  221 ;  total  number  of  teachers  em- 
ployed, 284.     Grand  total  number  of  days  attendance,  790,677 — equal  in 


356  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

school  time,  /.  e.^  nine  months  of  four  weeks  each,  and  five  days  to  a  week, 
to  4,392  years  and  117  days.  Highest  wages  paid  any  male  teacher,  $150; 
do.  paid  any  female  teacher,  $80;  lowest  wages  paid  any  male  teacher,  $25; 
do.  paid  any  female  teacher,  $13.50;  average  wages  paid  male  teachers, 
$50.73;  do.  paid  female  teachers,  $30.31.  Total  receipts  during  the  year, 
^72,600.25;  expenditures,  $55,114.90;  leaving  a  balance  on  hand  of 
$17,575.35.  Estimated  value  of  school  property,  $117,585;  apparatus, 
$1,987;  libraries,  $727.  Principal  of  township  fund,  $41,077.19;  county 
fund,  $5,980.06;  total  of  school  assets,  $167,356.25.  Number  of  applicants 
for  certificates  examined,  286;  number  of  first-grade  certificates  issued,  10; 
second  grade,  do.,  195;  number  of  applicants  rejected,  81.  The  number  of 
days  employed  by,  the  Superintendent  in  visiting  schools,  was  120;  in  the 
examination  of  teachers  and  ofiice  work,  80 ;  total,  200. 

The  present  County  Superintendent  of  Schools  is  Mary  L.  Carpenter, 
who  was  one  of  the  ten  lady  superintendents  selected  in  November,  1873. 
December  28-9,  1874,  a  meeting  of  the  State  Association  of  County  Super- 
intendents was  held  in  Chicago.  Five  of  these  lady  superintendents  had 
been  appointed  to  read  papers  and  lead  in  their  discussions.  These  ap- 
pointments included  Mrs.  Carpenter,  and  the  manner  in  which  they,  acquit- 
ted themselves,  the  ease,  grace,  fluency  and  force  wilh  which  they  treated 
the  subjects  that  had  been  submitted  to  them,  was  highly  complimented  in 
the  report  of  State  Superintendent  Etter.  On  the  28-9th  of  December, 
1875.  another  meeting  of  this  association  was  held  at  Rock  Island,  "when 
Mrs.  Carpenter  read  an  essay  on  the  '"Best  Method  of  Bringing  Directors 
up  to  Their  Duty,"  and  submitted  the  following  conclusions:  "First,  bring- 
ing County  Superintendents  up  to  their  duty.  We  should  be  active  our- 
selves; never  dilatory;  prompt  to  meet  all  engagements;  ready  to  co-operate 
with  school  oflicers  in  the  performance  of  their  duties,  thereby  inspiring 
them  with  our  enthusiasm.  Divide  the  time  in  supervision  between  teach- 
ers and  school  oflicers." 

County  Associations  of  School  Ojficers. — This  is  a  movement  in  which 
Mrs.  Carpenter  has  taken  a  warm  and  active  interest.  A  meeting  of  the 
Association  was  held  at  Rockford,  Feb.  24,  1876,  which  was'  largely 
attended,  not  only  by  school  oflicers  and  teachers,  but  by  citizens;  As 
showing  the  esteem  in  which  Mrs.  Carpenter  is  held,  we  quote  the  fol- 
lowing resolution  from  a  series  adopted  by  that  meeting  : 

''Resolved,  That  we,  as  School  Directors  of  Winnebago  County,  tender 
to  the  County  Superintendent  of  Public  Schools,  our  hearty  thanks  for  that 
energy  and  zeal  which  she  has  manifested  in  the  interests  of  our  public 
schools." 

The  standing  of  Mrs.  Carpenter,  and  her  efficiency  as  a  superintendent, 
compared  with  the  other  superintendents  of  the  State,  is  unexceptionably 
good,  and  is  thus  complimented  by  State  Superintendent  Etter,  in  a  letter 
to  H.  R.  Enoch,  Esq.,  editor  of  the  Rockford  Journal: 

'-'■Dear  Sir:  Yours  of  September  29th  came  duly  to  hand,  and  in 
reply  will  say : 

"1st.  The  reports  that  have  been  made  to  this  department  by  Mrs.  M. 
L.  Carpenter,  the  Superintendent  of  schools  of  your  county,  since  I  have 
assumed  the  duties  of  the  office,  have  been  correct  in  every  particular. 
Every  item  of  information  required  has  been  freely  and  correctly  given. 
The  financial  statistics  balance  to  a  cent,  and  show  ability  on  her  part  in 
this  work.     jFor  the  year  ending  Sejptember  30,  1875,  only  two  rejports  out 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  359 

of  the  one  hundred  and  two  were  absolutely  correct^  and  of  these  two,  Mrs. 
Carpenter's  was  one.  *  *   ,         *  *  *  * 

"2cl.  So  far  as  I  am  able  to  judge  from  the  work  I  have  seen  of  Mrs.  Car- 
penter's, both  at  Teachers'  Institutes  and  Teachers'  Association,  I  am  clearly 
of  the  opinion  that  she  is  well  qualified  for  the  position  she  now  holds.  I 
consider  her  one  of  the  best  County  Superintendents  in  the  State, 

"3d.  Her  standing-  among  the  leading  teachers  and  with  the  superin- 
tendents, so  far  as  I  know,  is  high,  and  she  is  regarded  as  a  thorough  and 
ethcient  officer.  She  has  attended  three  meetings  of  the  Superintendents' 
Association,  and  has  been  called  upon  to  read  a  paper  at  each  one  of  them. 
Last  year  she  was  elected  Secretary  of  the  State  Teachers'  Association, 
which  of  itself  is  some  evidence  of  her  standing  among  the  class  of  teachers 
who  are  members  of  the  Association.  <^ 

"Hoping  that  I  have  answered  your  interrogations  sufficiently  full,  I 
remain.  Yours  truly, 

"S.  M.  Ettee. 

Instruction. 


''Suft  FuUioJi 


BIOGKAPHICAL. 


Mrs.  Mary  L.  Carpenter  was  born  in  Greenbush,  N.  Y.,  in  1839. 
"When  (piite  young  her  parents  removed  to  Rochester,  and  in  one  of  the 
public  schools  of  that  city,  she  received  her  early  education.  She  pursued 
a  classical  course  of  studj'  at  the  Fort  Plain  Collegiate  Institute,  graduating 
with  much  honor  at  the  age  of  seventeen  years.  Coming  West  soon  after, 
she  taught  the  village  school  of  Waterloo,  Iowa.  In  1857  she  was  married, 
and  has  since  resided  in  Rockford.  Mrs.  Carpenter  has  ever  taken  an 
active  interest  in  the  cause  of  education,  and  for  several  years  was  a  success- 
ful teacher  in  the  public  schools  of  this  city.  In  18*^3  she  was  elected 
County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  which  office  she  has  filled  with  much 
ability;  the  136  schools  in  the  county  have  been  visited  by  her  faithfully; 
shQ  has  studied  the  wants  of  each,  rooting  out  objectionable  methods  of 
instruction  and  introducing  new  systems.  During  the  past  four  years  she 
has  also  had  charge  of  the  Normal  department  in  the  Rockford  Female 
Seminary.  In  reports  to  the  State  Department  of  Public  Instruction,  her 
promptness  and  correctness  have  met  the  flattering  approbation  of  its  offi- 
cers. The  following  we  extract  from  a  letter  written  by  one  of  the  promi- 
nent educators  in  this  State:  "Tne  high  culture  and  great  energy  which 
Mrs.  Carpenter  possesses,  eminently  fit  her  for  the  Suj^erintendency.  The 
esteem  in  wliich  she  is  held  by  her  fellow  teachers  is  shown  by  her  election 
as  Secretary  of  the  State  Teachers'  Association." 

KELIGIOUS     INTERESTS 

Have  been  carefully  fostered,  not  only  in  the  city  of  Rockford,  but  in  all 
the  towns  and  villages  of  the  county  as  well  as  in  the  country  districts. 
In  a  community  so  thoroughly  alive  to  educational  interests  as  the  people 
of  Winnebago  have  always  proved  themselves  to  be,  it  could  not  be  other- 
wise. The  first  religious  sermon  preached  on  Kent  creek  (near  Rockford) 
was  rendered  by  Rev.  Aratus  Kent  (brother  of  Germanicus),  a  Congrega- 
tional minister,  of  Galena,  on  the  second  Sunday  of  June,  1835,  on  which 
occasion  the  log  house  of  Germanicus  Kent  was  converted  into  a  temple  of 
worshij).  Commencing  in  January,  1870,  a  local  historian  furnished  the 
Rockford  Gazette  a  series  of  articles  on  early  events,  and  among  ofher  inci- 

20 


360 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


dents  referred  to  this  meeting.  He  said:  '-The  city  was  more  Godly  and 
righteous  then  than  it  is  now,  and  i;pon  this  occasion  every  one  came  out 
to  church.  There  were  no  backsliders  in  those  days,  and  when  the  minister 
began  his  prayer  on  that  bright  Sabbath  morning,  he  had  the  entire  village 
for  an  audience.  They  mustered  eleven  in  all,  including  three  ladies — Mrs. 
Kent,  Mrs.  Haight  and  her  sister,  and  eight  gentlemen — Germanicus  Kent, 
Thatcher  Blake,  Albert  Sanford,  Daniel  8.  Haight,  his  hired  man,  and  a  Mr. 
Yanzandt  (Kent's  millwright).  The  sermon  was  an  impressive,  though  not 
a  learned  one.  Aratus  Kent  was  a  thoroughly  good  man,  although  not  an 
eloquent  preacher,  and  his  simple,  missionary  way  of  exhortation  suited  the 
pioneers  better  than  faultless  rhetoric.  This  gentleman  died  a  few  years 
ago  in  Galena." 

This  primitive  meeting  was  the  beginning  of  better  thino^s — the  dawn- 
ing of  that  religious  sentiment  that  has  grown  with  increasing  years,  until 
Kockford  has  become  pre-eminently  a  city,  and  AVinnebago  a  land,  of 
churches  and  religious  light.  In  the  city  of  Rockford  there  are  eighteen 
church  editices,  as  folio w^s:  *First  Methodist  Episcopal,  First  Congrega- 
tional, First  lA)tist,  Emmanuel,  Church  of  the  Christian  Union,  Second 
Congregational,  St.  James  Catholic,  Court  Street  Methodist  Episcopal,  First 
Presbyterian,  Sw^edish  Evangelical  Lutheran,  Westminster  Presbyterian, 
State  Street  I3aptist,  '-^Third  Street  Methodist  Episcopal,  Swedish  Methodist 
Episcopal,  Woodruff's  Addition  Methodist  Episcopal,  South  Rockford 
J^ethodist  Episcopal,  Disciples,  and  German  Lutheran — IS. 

In  the  outside  districts  there  are  twenty-six  church  edifices,  represent- 
ing as  many  different  religious  organizations.  They  are  distributed  as 
follows : 

Cherry  Yalley,  3;  N'ew  Milford,  3;  Harlem,  2;  Roscoe,  2;  Eockton, 
2;  Shirland,  2;  Harrison,  2;  Owen,  1;  Burritt,  2;  Durand,  2;  Pecatonica, 
2;  Winnebago,  3;  Seward,  1 — 26.  Added  to  the  Rockford  churches  makes 
a  grand  total  of  44  church  edifices  in  Winnebago  County. 

The  Rockford  church  edifices  are  handsome,  substantial  buildings,  and 
in  style  and  finish  well  in  keeping  with  the  character  o±  the  people  by 
whom  they  were  built  and  by  whom  they  are  maintained.  The  country 
church  edifices  are  for  the  most  part  frame  buildings,  Ijut  neat  and  tasty  in 
finish.  The  Scotch  Presbyterian  church,  erected  at  Argyle  during  the  sum- 
mer of  1877,  is  one  of  the  best  in  the  country,  and  its  stjde,  architecture 
and  finish  would  do  no  discredit  to  aristocratic  congregations  of  large  cities. 
This  temple  ot  worship  is  built  of  handsomely  dress.ed  stone,  and  will  cost 
about  $12,000. 

The  seed  sown  by  Rev.  Aratus  Kent,  in  his  brother's  log  cabin  on  the 
bank  of  Kent  creek,  on  the  second  Sunday  in  June,  183.5,  grew  and  ripened 
into  the  fullness  of  a  plentiful  harvest.  Until  then  the  stillness  of  the 
country  of  the  Winiiebagoeshad  never  been  broken  by  the  voice  of  prayer 
and  praise,  unless  the  songs  the  birds  sang  were  offered  as  a  tribute  to  the 
glor}'  of  the  Great  Architect  whose  hand  unfolded  these  rich  prairies  and 
reared  their  grove-covered  hill-sides.  Since  Rev.  Aratus  Kent  preached  to 
the  Rockford  population  of  eleven  persons,  all  told,  a  population  of  30,000 
has  grown  up  in  Winnebago  County,  who 

" sing  of  God,  the  mighty  source 

Of  all  things,  the  stupendous  force 
On  which  all  things  depend ; 


*United  in  1877  as  the  Centennial  Church'of  Rockford. 


flISTOBY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  361 

"From  whose  right  arm,  beneath  whose  eyes, 
All  period,  power,  and  enterprise 

Commence,  and  reign,  and  end." 

Methodism  was  established  in  the  county  when  the  Enochs  settled  in 
what  is  now  Guilford  townshij),  in  1835.  Preaching,  however,  was  unknown 
until  the  following  June,  in  the  early  part  of  that  month.  Rev.  Mr.  Pills- 
bury,  a  very  prominent  Methodist  divine  in  those  days,  came  along  in  the 
discharge  of  the  duty  assigned  him  by  the  annual  conference,  and  stopped 
with  the  family  of  Henry  Enoch,  the  father  of  Abraham  I.  and  Hiram  R., 
now  well  known  and  prominent  business  men  of  Ilockford.  Pour  o'clock 
p.  m.  was  set  for  preaching,  and  the  neighbors  (what  few  there  were)  noti- 
fied. Abraham  1.  and  Richard  H.  Enoch  were  hauling  rails  to  fence  their 
broken  grounds,  and  their  father  was  building  the  fence  as  the  rails  were 
delivered.  When  four  o'clock  came  the  teams  were  turned  out  to  graze  on 
the  prairie,  and  the  family  assembled  for  worship.  Style  and  fashion  and 
dress  were  not  so  elaborate  in  those  days  as  at  present,  and  it  may  be  readily 
assumed  that  that  lirst  Methodist  meeting  was  a  rather  primitive  affair  in 
all  its  cliaracteristics,  but  it  will  be  casting  no  reflection  on  the  Methodism 
of  the  present  to  remark  that  a  more  earnest  meeting,  of  any  kind,  was 
never  held  on  any  part  of  the  Winnebago  prairies.  If  the  congregation  was 
small  and  plainly  dressed,  as  compared  with  the  present,  what  they  lacked 
in  numbers  was  more  than  compensated  in  their  zeal  and  earnestness. 
About  earl_y  Methodism  there  was  never  any  half-way  work.  Every  pro- 
fessor and  believer  gave  his  whole  soul  to  it,  and  to  the  zeal  of  the  founders 
and  pioneers  of  that  faith  can  justly  be  attributed  the  great  work  accom- 
plished through  it  in  later  years — the  reclamation  of  untold  thousands  from 
the  paths  of  sin  and  moral  degradation— the  founding  of  theological  schools, 
seminaries  and  colleges,  and  the  j^erfecting  of  that  system  of  work  that  not 
only  challenges  the  admiration  of  civilization  and  intelligence  everywhere, 
but  which  has  carried  light  and  hope  and  peace  to  multitudes  of  people 
even  in  the  remotest  ends  of  the  earth.  Early  Methodists  never  stopped  to 
measure  the  size  of  church  edifices,  the  heighth  of  church  steeples,  to  look 
for  cushioned  pews,  to  see  what  their  neighbors  wore,  nor  its  ministers  to 
reckon  what  lield  would  pay  the  most  in  dollars  and  cents.  They  only 
sought  those  lields  where  the  Master's  work  needed  most  to  be  done,  and 
thitJier  they  went,  regardless  of  all  else.  And  so  came  Rev.  Mr.  Pillsbury, 
peace  and  honor  to  his  memory,  to  the  pioneer  home  of  Henry  Enoch  in 
June,  lb36. 

The  sermon  of  Rev,  Pillsbury  on  that  occasion  was  an  earnest  and 
devoted  one,  and  the  foundation  of  a  society  that,  in  later  years,  became 
the  First  M.  E.  Church  of  Rockford,  being  organized  at  the  house 
of  Henry  Enoch,  in  August,  1836,  with  five  members:  Samuel  Gregory  and 
wife,  Daniel  Peers  and  wife,  and  Mary  Enoch,  the  wife  of  Henry  Enoch. 
Rev.  William  Royal  was  the  first  regular  pastor  or  circuit  rider.  Thus  were 
the  seeds  of  Methodism  planted  in  Winnebago  County.  The  first  preacher 
(Rev.  Mr.  Pillsbury)  and  probably  the  second  (Rev.  Mr.  Royal),  Henry  and 
Mary  Enoch  and  Mrs.  Samufel  Gregory,  have  gone 

Where  the  saints  of  all  ages  in  harmony  meet, 
Their  Saviour  and  brethren  transported  to  greet ; 
While  the  anthems  of  rapture  unceasingly  roll. 
And  the  smile  of  the  Lord  is  the  life  of  the  soul — 

But  their  works  live  after  them  a  monument  to  their  memory. 


362  HISTOKT   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

A.  I.  Enoch,  who  was  present  at  the  first  sermon,  related  to  the  writer 
that,  after  preaching,  the  entire  congregation,  the  preacher  iuchided,  remained 
to  supper  at  the  invitation  of  his  mother.  Aside  from  the  eight  members 
of  Henry  Enoch's  family,  only  two  others — Mrs.  Jacob  Enoch  and  another 
lady  whose  name  is  forgotten — were  present,  making  a  congregation  of  ten 
persons  to  listen  to  the  first  Methodist  sermon  preached  in  Winnebago 
Coimty.  There  are  now,  perhaps,  half  as  many  thousand,  as  there  were  then 
individual,  members  of  this  branch  of  the  Christian  church. 

THE   NEW    COURT    HOUSE. 

The  first  county  business  was  transacted  in  a  private  residence  on  the 
East  Side.  The  first  Circuit  Court  was  held  in  Haight's  Rockford  Hotel, 
also  on  the  East  Side,  and  the  first  court-house  was  also  erected  on  that  side, 
but  in  April,  1843,  the  County  Commissioners  entered  into  a  contract  with 
G.  Haskell,  Charles  I.  Horsman,  H.  W.  Loomis,  M.  Burns,  Charles  Hah, 
Thomas  D.  Eobertson,  G.  W.  Dewey,  D.  D.  Ailing,  H.  R  Maynard,  Dr.  A. 
Thomas,  Skinner  G.  Barrows,  J.  Fisher,  D.  Harper  and  D.  Dow,  for  the 
erection  of  the  old  frame  court-house  building  on  the  public  or  county 
square  on  the  West  side — the  old  building  that  is  now  overshadowed  by  the 
finely  finished  and  towering  walls  of  the  grandest  court-house  in  the  State. 
The  one  whose  front  bears  the  figures  "  1492,"  was  completed  and  accepted 
.by  the  county  authorities,  in  JSTovember,  1844.  Then  it  was  considered  a 
model  .of  excellence  and  convenience,  and  the  pride  and  credit  of  the  county. 
In  the  fall  and  winter  of  1S45-0,  one  Julius  P.  Bolivar  McCabe  (that's  the 
way  he  wrote  his  name)  compiled  a  history  of  Winnebago  County,  and 
among  other  things  gave  a  description  of  this  new  temple  of  justice.  As 
the  subject  of  his  description  will  soon  be  torn  away,  we  will  preserve  its 
memory  in  these  pages  as  Julius  P.  Bolivar  McCabe  saw  it: 

"The  court-house  stands  on  State  street,  on  the  west  side  of  the  river. 
It  is  a  handsome  and  well  finished  frame  building  of  one  story,  measuring 
about  56  feet  long,  35  feet  wide,  and  17  feet  high.  It  is  crowned  with  a 
magnificent  ;ind  well  proportioned  cupola,  which  rises  15  feet  above  the  roof 
of  the  building.  The  front  is  finished  with  a  tastefully  executed  pediment, 
supported  by  four  fluted  columns,  and  forming  a  portico  which  projects 
nine  feet  from  the  body  of  the  building,  and  having  a  wing  on  either  side, 
in  which  the  county  offices  are  held.*  The  court  room  measures  54x32  feet; 
9  feet  of  the  building  in  the  rear  of  the  bench  being  partitioned  oft'  into  the 
jury  rooms.  Two  rows  ot  slips,  made  in  the  style  of  those  erected  in 
churches,  fill  up  tlie  portion  of  the  court-house  without  the  bar,  and  are 
capable  of  accommodating  300  persons.  The  whole  of  this  edifice',  including 
the  pediment  and  columns,  is  built  in  the  Grecian  Doric  order  of  architec- 
ture, and  speaks  much  for  the  skill  of  the  architects,  Messrs.  Beattie  and 
Harper,  both  citizens  of  Rockford." 

But  grand  as  it  may  have  been  considered  thirty-three  years  ago  (the 
date  of  its  completion),  it  had  to  give  way  before  increasing  population, 
wealth,  and  public  business,  and  at  the  February  session,  1875,  of  the 
Board  of  Supervisors,  Messrs.  Duncan  Ferguson,  C.  A.  Hemenway,  A. 
Haines,  F.  E.  Latham,  and  A.  C.  Gleason,  members  of  the  Board,  were  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  examine  and  report  to  the  Board  what  kind  of  a 
Court  House  would  be  suitable  for  this  county.  Monday,  April  19,  1875, 
this  committee  reported  as  follows: 

In  Ibol  a  stone  building  was  creeled  near  tliis  building,  into  which  the  county  records 
were  removed,  and  in  which  all  the  county  business  has  since  been  transacted. 


HISTOET   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


363 


"  That  we  have  examined  the  court-liouses  at  Janesville,  Wis.,  and  at 
Freeport,  Macomb  and  Princeton,  in  Illinois,  and  got  such  information  as 
we  considered  essential  to  enable  us  to  arrive  at  a  correct  decision  as  to  the 
size,  materials,  general  construction,  and  probable  cost  of  such  a  court- 
house as  will  be  recpiired  by  this  county.  That  accompanying  are  sketches 
of  the  ground-plans  of  the  offices,  court  room,  etc.,  on  tlie  first  and  second 
floors  of  said  buildings,  and  a  detailed  statement  of  the  same  as  we  found 
them,  and  what  we  thought  necessary  in  reference  to  each  of  them.  After 
making  the  said  examinations,  and  fully  considering  the  matter  given  in 
charge,  to  us,  we  have  unanimously  come  to  the  conclusion  that  a  court- 
house nearly  similar  to  the  one  in  Freeport,  with  the  alterations  men- 
tioned in  our  detailed  statements,  constructed  of  like  materials,  both  ex- 
ternally and  internally,  and  of  the  same  or  nearly  the  same  kind  of  work- 
manship, would  in  our  opinion  be  such  a  court-house  as  is  required  by 
this  county. 

"  In  reference  to  the  manner  of  raising  the  sum  that  would  be  required 
for  building  such  a  house,  we  may  suppose  that  the  amount  necessary  for 
building  it  will  be  raised  by  tax  in  four  years  in  equal  amounts  (that  being 
the  longest  time  that  any  of  the  counties  referred  to  took  to  pay  for  the 
same).  It  is  probable  that  the  taxes  would  be  raised  for  the  first  three 
years  in  nearly  sufficient  amounts  to  meet  the  outlay,  as  it  is  likely  that  the 
house  would  not  be  finished  until  the  third  year,  and  there  would  then  be 
no  difficulty  in  the  county  borrowing  what  money  they  needed  at  8  per 
cent,  to  pay  for  finishing  the  building,  should  money  be  as  plenty  then  as 
it  has  been  for  the  past  two  years. 

"  Accompanying  this  report  is  a  statement  showing  the  proportion  of 
tax  that  each  town  in  the  county  would  have  to  raise,  to  make  the  sum  of 
$101,000  in  tour  equal  annual  payments,  on  the  basis  of  the  assessment  of 
1874,  as  fixed  by  the  State  Board  of  Equalization,  and  adding  to  said  valu- 
ations the  proportion  of  i-ailroad  taxes  to  which  they  were  entitled. 

"  Respectfully  submitted :  Duncan  Ferguson,  C.  A.  Hemenway,  A. 
Haines,  F.  E.  Latham,  A.  C.  Gleason,  Committee." 

Table  slwwing  the  amount  that  each  town  in  the  county  would  have  to  pay  to  make  up 
$100,000  in  one  year,  and  also  by  dividing  it  into  four  years;  assuming  as  a  basis  the 
valuation  fixed  by  the  State  Board  on  the  assessment  of  1874,  and  assigning  to  each  town,  as 
near  as  may  be,  its  share  of  the  railroad  tax. 


TOW?^. 

Valuation  as 

fixed  by  State 

Board— 1874. 

Am't  re- 
quired to 

raise 
$25,000. 

Am't  re- 
quired to 

raise 
$100,000. 

Rockford . .   

$3,509,575 
591,995 
584,730 
616,953 
487,J25 
512,041 
483,314 
275,386 
206,401 
529,196 
594.661 
541,303 
333,051 
352,965 
391,537 
493,254 

$8,774 

1,480 

1,462 

1,542 

1,317 

1,280 

1,308 

688 

516 

1,333 

1,487 

1,353 

830 

633 

979 

1,233 

$35,096 

Rockton 

5,930 

Pecatonica 

5,847 

Winnebago 

6,169 

Duraud 

4,870 

Cherry  Valley _ 

Roscoe 

5.130 
4,833 

Harrison j.. 

3,754 

Shirland 

3,064 

Harlem .  .. 

5,293 

Guilford .                          

5,947 

Seward 

New  Milford 

5,413 
3,320 

Laona 

2  529 

Burritt . 

3,915 

Owen , , ,. 

4,933 

Total 

$10,402,378 

$26,004 

$104,022 

364 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


After  the  reading  of  the  above  report,  a  motion  was  made  to  postpone 
the  further  consideration  of  the  question  of  building  a  court-house  until 
the  next  meeting  of  the  Board,  which  elicited  considerable  discussion,  in 
which  most  of  the  members  of  the  Board  participated.  Finally,  at  the  re- 
quest of  Mr.  Herring,  of  Durand,  the  question  was  laid  over  for  one  day. 
On  Wednesday,  the  21st  of  April,  the  question  again  came  up,  when,  on 
motion  of  Mr.  Budlong,  the  report  of  the  committee  appointed  at  the  last 
session  of  this  Board,  to  investigate  in  relation  to  building  a  court-house, 
was  adopted,  and  the  committee  discharged. 

Mr.  Budlong  submitted  the  following  resolution  and  moved  its 
adoption : 

^'"Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Supervisors  appoint  Duncan  Ferguson 
as  chairman,  and  Anthony  Haines,  J.  B.  Merritt  and  Hugh  Mackey,  as  a 
committee  to  be  known  as  the  Court  House  Building  Committee." 

Mr.  Herring  moved  the  following  as  an  amendment  to  the  foregoing 
resolution : 

^^Hesolved,  That  this  Board  do  now  appoint  3,  committee  consisting  of 
five  members  to  be  knoAvn  as  a  special  Court  House  Building  Committee, 
that  Duncan  iFerguson  be  one  and  chairman  of  that  committee,  and  that  he 
as  chairman  of  this  Board  appoint  the  other  four  members  of  it." 

On  which  the  ayes  and  nays  were  called,  with  the  following  result: 
Ayes — Whittlesey,  Fiance,  Herring,  Bowley,  Cowles,  Hemenway  and  Der- 
went — 7.  Kays — Perguson,  Atkinson,  Sweet,  Haight,  Budlong,  Haines, 
Scoville,  Smith,  Manny,  Barnum,  Latham,  Merritt,  Mackey,  Kirk,  Fabrick 
and  Bhoades — 16.  Mr.  Herring  moved  to  amend  the  original  resolution  so 
as  to  make  Mr.  Hemenway  a  member  of  said  committee,  and  Whittlesey 
seconded  said  motion,  on  which  the  ayes  and  nays  were  called,  with  the  fol- 
lowing result:  Ayes — Ferguson,  Herring,  Bowley,  Scoville,  Smith,  Bar- 
num, Latham,  Merritt  and  Whittlesey — 9.  Nays — Hance,  Cowles,  Atkin- 
son, Sweet,  Haight,  Budlong,  Haines,  Derwent,  Manny,  Mackey,  Kirk, 
Fabrick  and  Bhoades — 13.     Lost. 

Mr.  Herring  then  made  a  motion  to  adjourn,  which  was  lost  by  a 
vote  of  8  for  and  13  against.  Then  upon  a  vote  being  taken  upon  the  orig- 
inal resolution,  offered  by  Mr.  Budlong,  same  was  carried.  On  motion  the 
Board  adjourned  until  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon. 

At  the  afternoon  session  of  the  same  day,  the  following  resolution  was 
adopted : 

"  Resolved^  That  the  Building  Committee  on  the  Court  House  are 
hereby  instructed  to  give  notice,  by  advertising  or  otherwise,  that  plans  for 
building  a  court-house  in  Winnebago  County  will  be  received  at  any  time 
previous  to  the  first  Monday  in  July  next." 

At  the  July  meeting,  on  Tuesday,  the  13th,  the  Building  Committee 
was  instructed  by  resolution  to  examine  all  the  .plans  submitted  by  com- 
peting architects  for  the  proposed  court-house  for  this  county,  to  select  such 
number  of  said  plans  as  they  may  think  advisable,  and  la}'  the  same  before 
the  Board,  either  for  the  Board  to  make  a  selection,  or  to  take  such  fui-ther 
steps  in  the  matter  as  they  may  think  the  best  interests  of  this  county 
require. 

On  Wednesday  evening,  July  15th,  the  Board  adjourned  until  Monday, 
the  26tli,  at  which  session  of  the  Board  the  Building  Committee  reported 
thit  eighteen  ditfsjrent  plans  and  specifications  had  been  received  from  arch- 
it33fcs  o}'  Illiujis  aad  other  States,  and  that  they  had  given  the  architects  an 


HISTORY   OF   WESnsrEBAGO    COUNTY.  366 

opportunity  of  explaining  to  tlieni  all  the  points  to  which  they  (the  archi- 
tects) wished  to  call  the  committee's  attention,  and  of  answering  any  ques- 
tions the  committee  wished  to  submit  to  them,  and  that  from  the  eighteen 
plans  submitted,  they  had  selected  the  designs  offered  by  E.  E,  Myers,  of 
Detroit,  Mich.;  Henry  L.  Gay,  Cass  Chapman,  J.  0.  Cochrane,  and  Alex- 
ander Kirkland,  of  Chicago;  and  David  S.  Dory,  as  the  most  likely  to  meet 
the  demands  of  the  contemplated  building.  Accompanying  this  report  was 
a  condensed  statement  of  the  most  important  points  in  each  of  the  plans 
submitted.  The  committee  also  reported  that  in  the  plans  rejected  they 
had  found  many  points  that  they  could  freely  recommend,  etc.  On  Friday, 
July  30,  1875,  the  Board  passed  the  following  resolution: 

'■'■  Resolved^  That  the  Court  House  Building  Committee  of  this  Board 
be  and  are  hereby  instructed  to  adopt  the  design  or  plan  submitted  by 
Henry  L.  G-ay,  Architect,  for  a  court-house  for  the  county  of  Winnebago, 
to  be  erected  on  tlie  Court  House  Square,  in  the  city  of  Rockford,  on  the 
west  side  of  Rock  River,  when  the  following  conditions  and  stipulations  are 
fully  complied  with  by  the  said  Henry  L.  (Say,  to-wit  :  That  such  modifi- 
cations or  alterations  shall  be  made  in  his  plans  as  shall  seem  to  said  com- 
mittee necessary  and  expedient;  and  that  the  committee  and  the  said  Gay 
shall  agree  u})on  the  amount  that  the  said  alterations  shall  either  increase  or 
decrease  the  sum  which  the  said  Gay  has  stated  that  this  building  will  cost 
(whicli  sum  was  S10'i,000),  and  provided,  further,  that  one  or  more  respon- 
sible contractors,  giving  bonds  to  the  county,  to  the  safisfaction  of  this 
Board,  for  the  erection  of  the  proposed  court-house,  agreeably  to  the  proposals 
tor  letting,  advertised  by  said  committee,  shall  agree  to  do  the  work  of 
erecting  and  completing  the  said  building  within,  or  very  near  the  estimate 
of  the  said  Gay,  and  as  the  same  may  be  agreed  to  by  the  committee  after 
the  proposed  alterations  in  said  plans ;  and  should  there  be  no  satisfactory 
bid,  as  above  stated,  at  or  near  the  said  sum,  then  the  said  committee  may 
reject  the  plan  of  the  said  Gay,  and  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  any  compen- 
sation from  this  County  Board,  or  Building  Committee,  for  any  labor  or 
expense  that  he  may  have  incurred  in  preparing  or  altering  the  said  plans 
or  specifications;  and  this  Board  shall  have  the  right  to  make  another  selec- 
tion of  any  of  the  plans  that  have  been  submitted  to  the  Board  by  compet- 
ing architects;  and  also  provided,  that  this  Board  preserve  the  right  of 
appointing  a  superintendent  for  the  constrnction  of  the  proposed  building. 

"  And,  provided,  further.  That,  when  the  plans  and  specifications  are 
all  completed  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  said  Building  Committee,  that  they 
are  hereby  instructed  and  directed  to  advertise  in  such  newspapers  as  may 
seem  to  them  best,  giving  at  least  three  weeks'  notice,  for  sealed  proposals 
for  the  erection  of  the  said  building,  the  said  proposals  to  be  lodged  with 
the  clerk  of  this  Board,  at  such  time  as  shall  be  specified  in  the  said  notice, 
at  which  time  an  adjourned  meeting  of  the  Board  will  be  held,  when  the 
said  proposals  will  be  opened  and  examined  by  the  Board,  who  may  then 
award  the  contract,  should  they  consider  it  for  the  interest  of  the  county  to 
do  so.  The  notice  above  referred  to  shall  distinctly  set  forth  that  the 
Board  reserves  the  right  not  to  accept  the  lowest  offer,  but  may  reject  any 
and  all  proposals  for  the  erection  of  said  building.  The  said  bids  to  be 
accompanied  by  bonds,  to  be  executed  by  the  party  offering  to  contract  for 
the  building  of  said  court-house,  and  by  one  or  more  sufficient  sureties,  to 
be  approved  by  the  Board,  in  the  sum  of  $100,000;  that  all  the  stipulations 
and  conditions  that  may  be  entered  into  by  the  proposed  contractor  with 


366  HI8T0KY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

the  Board  of  Supervisors  for  building  said  court-lioiise,  shall  be  faithfully 
carried  out  and  complied  with  by  the  party  contractino;. 

"And  provided,  further,  that  the  amount  that  would  have  to  be  paid  to 
Mr.  Gay  as  his  commission  for  plans  and  specifications,  shall  be  paid  in 
sums  in  proportion  as  the  work  progresses." 

'On  motion  of  Mr.  Cowles,  a  resolution  was  adopted  instructing  the 
Building  committee,  that  when  they  advertised  for  bids  for  the  erection  of 
the  new  court-house,  they  advertise  that  they  would  receive  bids  on  the 
proposition  that  the  exterior  walls  of  the  same  he  built  of  Rockford  stone. 

At  the  September  session  (Sept.  14th)  the  County  Clerk  was  directed 
to  levy  such  rate  of  tax  on  the  taxable  property  as  would  raise  a  revenue  of 
$65,000  for  county  purposes.  A  subsequent  resolution  provided  that  "from 
the  amount  ot  county  tax  which  shall  be  raised  under  the  foregoing  resolu- 
tion, on  the  taxable  property  of  the  several  towns  of  this  county,  as  entered 
on  the  assessment  rolls  for  1875,  there  be  appropriated  the  sum  of  $30,000, 
to  be  used  in  paying  part  of  the  expense  of  the  erection  of  a  court-house,  in 
the  city  of  Rockford,  for  said  county;  and  that  the  said  sum  be  set  apart  as 
a  separate  fund,  to  be  known  as  the  Court  House  Fund,  and  to  be  used  for 
the  purposes  above  stated,  and  none  other." 

Wednesday,  November  24th,  the  Board  went  into  Committee  of  the 
Whole  to  consider  the  bids  for  erectino^  the  court-house.  At  three  in  the 
atternoon,  the  committee  rose  and  reported  progress,  when,  on  motion  of 
Mr.  Hemenway,  a  further  consideration  of  the  subject  was  laid  over  to  an 
adjourned  meeting  of  the  Board,  to  be  held  at  2  o'clock  p.  m.,  on  Monday, 
the  6th  of  December. 

At  that  meeting  of  the  Board,  Mr.  Ferguson  presented  the  bid  of  E. 
C.  Roberts  for  building  the  court-house,  which  M^as  referred  to  the  Building 
Committee,  when  the  Board  adjourned  until  Tuesday  morning. 

Tuesday  morning  Mr.  Merritt  offered  the  following  resolution  which 
was  adopted: 

'■'■Resolved,  That  the  Board  does  hereby  reject  all  bids  or  proposals 
made  to  the  Board  for  the  building  of  a  court-house  for  the  county  of 
Winnebago,  under  a  resolution  of  the  Board  passed  at  the  last  July  session 
of  the  Board,  and  that  were  lodged  with  the  Clerk  of  the  Board  on  or  pre- 
viously to  the  23d  of  last  November." 

After  which  the  Board  adjourned  until  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
when  Mr.  W.  D.  Richardson  presented  the  following: 

Proposal  for  the  erection  of  a  court-house,  to  he  located  at  Roclford,  Winnebago  County,  III., 
made  to  the  Board  of  8uj)ervisors,  of  the  County  of  Winnebago,  by  William  D.  Richard- 
son, of  Springfield,  Sangamon  Co.,  III.    Dated  at  Rockford,  Dec.  7,  1815. 

I  will  furnish  all  ot  the  materials  and  complete  the  building  according  to  plan  and 
specification,  using  stone  for  all  cornices,  balustrades  and  papier  mache  work  over  entrance 
to  front  door,  for  the  sum  of  one  hundred  and  sixty-five  thousand  dollars  ($165,0(t0). 

For  the  above  work  I  propose  to  use  Illinois  lime  stone  of  the  best  quality. 

W.  D.  Richardson. 

I  will  deduct  from  my  bid  $9,000  for  the  following  items  (should  your  building  com- 
mittee require  it) : 

For  change  in  foundation $2,000 

"  "         "  rear  steps -  2,000 

For  steam  heater 5,000 

I  will  furnish  and  put  in  place  all  tin  and  iron  pipes  required  to  be  built  in  walls,  at 
the  above  total  amount.  W.  D.  Richardson. 

And  Mr.  Henrj  L.  Gay,  architect,  submitted  the  following  proposition : 


FLORA  tP  BOONE  CO. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY,  369 

RocKFORD,  Dec.  7,  1875. 
Mr.  Dttncax  Ferousox,  Cliairman  of  Buildinc;  Committee: 

I  propose  to  do  all  architectural  work,  furnish  all  drawings,  specifications  and  details 
for  2  per  cent,  upon  a  cost  of  $104,000,  and  $10  per  day  and  traveling  expenses  when  called 
to  Rockford  to  consult,  examine  and  superintend  work  upon  the  proposed  new  court-house. 

.         Henry  L.  Gay,  Architect. 

After  the  reading  of  these  propositions,  Mr.  Cowles  oifered  the  fol- 
lowing: 

''" Resolved,  That  tlie  building  committee  be  authorized,  and  are  here- 
by directed  to  accept  the  bid  of  W .  D.  Richardson  for  the  building  of  the 
court-house  in  accordance  with  the  plans  and  specifications  of  lienry  L. 
Gav,  architect,  with  substitution  of  stone  for  cornices,  etc.,  in  place  of  iron, 
as  providetl  in  his  bid.  and  that  they  be  atithorized  and  directed  to  enter 
into  contract  with  said  W.  D.  Kichardson  for  the  building  of  the  said 
court-house  at  the  price  bid,  $165,000,  to  be  paid  as  the  work  progresses, 
and  in  the  manner  provided  for  in  the  plans  and  specifications,  until  the 
building  is  completed,  when  the  balance  appearing  to  be  due  the  contractor, 
shall  be  paid  him  at  par  in  Winnebago  County  orders  or  bonds,  bearing 
7  per  cent,  interest  and  running  not  to  exceed  ten  years — at  the  option  of 
the  board  as  to  the  length  of  time  the  bonds  shall  run,  or  to  pay  the  cash  as 
they  may  elect.  In  case  the  committee  think  it  advisable  to  reduce  the 
cost  of  the  building  by  not  putting  in  the  steam  heating,  and  substituting 
straight  steps  for  rear  of  building,  they  are  authorized  to  do  so  by  the 
proper  amount  for  same  being  agreed  upon. 

'"The  committee  are  also  instructed  to  provide  in  the  contract  that  the 
walls  of  the  building  may  be  put  up  and  the  building  enclosed  during  the 
season  of  1ST7  so  as  to  be  completed  in  ftill  by  the  first  day  of  March,  1878, 
and  that  the  county  shall  not  be  called  upon  to  pay  any  faster  than  in  the 
ratio  as  to  time. 

"In  case  there  should  be  any  disagreement  as  to  details  in  making  con- 
tracts with  the  contractor  that  are  not  arranged  satisfactorily  to  the  com- 
mittee, then  the  acceptance  of  the  bids  shall  be  null  and  void." 

On  Monday,  March  6,  1876,  on  motion  of  Mr.  Hemenway,  the  Board 
adjourned  to  the  City  Council  rooms  where,  after  the  regular  order  of 
meeting  had  been  disposed  of,  the  following  provisional  bond,  presented  by 
Mr  W.  I).  Richardson,  was  approved  and  ordered  to  be  spread  upon  the 
records  of  the  Board: 

"Know  all  men  by  these  presents,  that  Mr.  William  D.  Richardson,  of 
the  city  of  Springfield,  Illinois,  as  principal,  and  Thomas  S.  Ridgway  and 
George  M.  Brinkerhoff,  of  the  same  place,  as  sureties,  are  held  and  firmly 
bound  unto  the  county  of  Winnebago,  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  in  the  penal 
sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars,  lawful  money  of  the  United  States, 
to  be  paid  to  the  said  the  county  ot  Winnebago,  or  its  assigns,  to  which 
payment  we  bind  ourselves,  our  heirs,  executors  and  administrators,  jointly 
and  severally,  firmly  by  these  presents.  Witness  our  hands  and  seals,  this 
7th  day  of  December,  A.  D.  1 875. 

"Whereas,  the  above,  William  D.  Richardson,  has  entered  into  con- 
tract bearing  even  date  herewith,  with  the  county  of  Winnebago  above 
mentioned,  for  the  erection  of  a  court-house  at  Rockford,  Illinois,  for  the 
said  county,  upon  the  terms  of  the  character  and  within  the  time  of  said 
contract  expressed;  and  in  consideration  of  the  making  of  said  contract, 
the  said  Richardson  has  agreed  to  make  and  deliver  to  said  county,  his 
bond  with  sufficient  security,  in  the  sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars, 


370  HISTOEY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

to  secure  and  make  certain  the  full  and  faithful  performance  of  said  con- 
tract, and  of  each  and  every  provision  thereof,  on  his  part;  an-d  this  instru- 
ment is  made  and  executed  and  delivered  to  said  county,  pursuant  to  such 
a_o;reement. 

"Xow  the  conditions  of  this  obligation  are  such,  that  if  the  said  Wil- 
liam D.  Richardson  shall  in  all  things  on  his  part,  faithfully  keep,  observe 
and  perform  the  said  contract,  and  each  and  every  provision  thereof,  then 
this  obligation  to  be  void;  otherwise  to  remain  in  full  force.  Audit  is 
expressly  understood  and  agreed  that  no  change,  alteration  or  modification 
of  the  plans,  drawings  or  specifications  in  the  contract  mentioned,  or  the 
terms  of  said  contract,  shall  invalidate  this  bond,  but  the  obligation  of  this 
bond  shall  extend  to  and  embi'ace  any  such  change,  alteration  or  modifica- 
tion, as  though  the  same  had  been  incorporated  in  the  plans,  drawings, 
specifications  or  contract,  at  and  before  the  execution  of  this  bond. 

"W.    D.    RiCHAEDSON,  [seal] 

"Thos.   S.  Ridgway,         [seal] 
"Geo.  M.  Beinkerhoff.  [seal]" 

Wednesday,  March  8,  1876,  the  building  committee  submitted  to  the 
Roard  of  Supervisors  a  ver}^  elaborate  report  of  their  action  in  the  prem- 
ises, setting  forth  that  thej  had  found  it  to  the  interest  of  the  county  to 
employ  an  attorney  to  assist  them  in  preparing  a  good  and  sufiicient  con- 
tract, that  all  parties  in  interest  might  fuUy  understand  their  duties  and 
responsibilities;  that,  after  a  good  deal  of  time  spent  in  the  examination  ot 
points  presented  for  consideration,  a  contract  had  been  agreed  upon,  and 
was  therewith  submitted  for  the  approval  or  rejection  of  the  Board.  That 
it  was  thought  proper  that  one  or  more  of  the  committee  should  go  to  Joliet 
to  see  the  quality  of  the  stone  intended  for  the  court-house,  and  A.  Haines 
and  D.  Ferguson,  with  Mr.  Gray,  went  there  on  the  first  of  February,  and 
met  Mr.  Richardson,  who  pointed  out  the  kind  of  stone  he  intended  using 
in  the  building,  a  large  amount  of  which  he  had  on  hand.  The  archi- 
tect and  committee  were  satisfied  that  the  stone  pointed  out  would  be 
satisfactory. 

The  building  committee  also  reported  that  they  had  contracted  with 
Stephen  Inman  for  the  removal  of  the  old  court-house  from  the  site  it  had 
occupied,  so  that  it  should  front  on  Court  street,  for  the  sum  of  §220,  the 
said  Iniiian  agreeing,  on  his  part,  to  place  the  building  in  good  shape  for 
occupation  by  the  county  by  the  8th  of  March.  That  the  committee  after 
consultation  with  the  architect  and  builder,  had  determined  to  have  the 
specifications  printed,  as  a  number  of  copies  would  be  required,  and  it 
would  cost  no  more  to  have  a  few  written  than  it  would  to  have  fifty  printed. 
The  report  was  signed  by  Duncan  Ferguson,  A.  Haines,  J.  B.  Merritt,  Hugh 
Mackey,  F.  E.  Latham,  Committee. 

The  following  is  the  contract  in  brief,  the  details  of  which  are  familiar 
to  many  of  our  readers: 

This  agreement,  made  and  entered  into  this  7th  day  of  December,  A.  D.  1875,  by  and 
between  the  county  of  Winnebago,  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  paity  of  the  first  part,  and  Wil- 
liam D.  Richardson,  of  the  city  of  Springtield,  in  the  county  of  Sangamon,  and  State  of  Illi- 
nois, party  of  the  second  part,  Wttnensetli: 

That  said  party  of  the  second  part,  in  consideration  of  the  promises  and  agreements, 
hereinafter  expressed,  on  the  part  of  the  party  of  the  first  part,  to  be  kept  and  performed, 
has,  and  hereby  does  promise  and  agree,  to  prepare  the  foundations,  furnish  all  the  mate- 
rials, build,  erect,  and  complete,  for  the  party  of  the  first  part,  a  court  house,  in  all  respects 
according  to  the  plans,  drawings,  and  specifications  therefor,  furnished  and  provided  by 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  371 

Henry  L.  Gay,  architect,  and  the  terms  of  this  contract.  All  of  the  materials  for  said  build- 
ing, and  all  the  work  thereon,  shall  be  done  and  furnished  under  the  direction  of,  and  to 
the  satisfaction  and  approval  of  tiie  architect,  who  may  at  the  time  be  in  charge  of  said 
work.  Said  plans,  drawings,  and  specitications,  above  mentioned,  are  rel'erred  to,  and 
made  a  part  of  this  agreement.  That  all  work  performed  under  this  agreement  shall  be 
lirsi-class  mechanical  work  of  its  kind;  and  all  materials  for  and  used  in  the  erection  of 
said  building,  shall  be  of  the  best  quality  and  ciuantity  sufficient  for  the  purpose  intended. 
That  the  stone  used  in  the  construction  of  said  building  (save  as  in  the  specitications  other- 
wise provided)  shall  be  of  the  best  quality  of  Illinois  limestone,  to  be  taken  from  the  quarry 
of  E.  8.  Walker,  or  from  some  other  quarry  of  the  same  color,  and  of  as  good  quality.  The 
said  building  shall  be  completed  and  finished  on  or  before  March  1,  1878,  and  at  that  time 
ready  for  delivery  to  the  party  of  the  first  part.  The  building  shall  be  inclosed  and  the 
roofon,  on  or  before  December  1,  1876,  but  the  plastering  shall  not  be  put  on  before  the 
spring  of  1877,  and  shall  be  completed  on  or  before  Nov.  1,  1877. 

On  the  same  day  (March  8th)  the  Board  passed  a  resolution  providing 
as  follows: 

"  That  this  Board  elect  by  ballot-,  some  suitable  and  qualified  person, 
to  act  as  superintendent  of  the  building  of  the  court-house  for  Winnebago 
County.  The  duties  of  said  superintendent  shall  be  as  specified  in  the  con- 
tract and  specifications,  for  building  said  court-house,  and  shall  be  under 
the  control  of  the  building  committee,  and  shall  be  subject  to  removal  at 
any  time  hj  the  building  committee;  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Board. 
Said  superintendent  to  receive  for  his  services,  the  stun  of  three  dollars  per 
day,  for  the  time  actually  employed.  Said  superintendent  shall  not  com- 
mence work  until  the  building  committee  shall  direct;  the  superintendent 
shall  only  receive  pay  for  such  time  as  they  may  direct  and  approve  of 
when  the  work  is  in  progress,  and  he  shall  devote  his  whole  time  when  the 
committee  direct." 

ivlr.  F.  E.  Latham  was  appointed  Building  Superintendent. 

Very  soon  after  the  completion  of  these  preliminary  details,  active 
operations  were  commenced  by  the  contractor,  the  preparation  of  the 
ground  for  the  foundation  walls  and  the  delivery  of  the  material  being  first 
in  order.  On  the  23d  of  June  the  corner-stone  was  laid,  with  great  eclat, 
and  was  participated  in  by  the  Masonic  and  Odd  Fellows  orders  of  the  sur- 
rounding country.  Grand  Master  DeWitt  C.  Cregier,  of  the  Grand  Masonic 
Lodge  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  conducting  the  ceremonies,  which  were  wit- 
nessed by  thousands  of  people.  On  this  occasion  the  Rocktord  people 
spared  no  efibrt  to  preserve  and  maintain,  and,  if  possible,  to  add  ,to  their 
ah-eady  well  established  reputation  for  hospitality  and  excellence  of  taste  in 
welcoming  visitors.  Alm'ost  every  door  was  thrown  open  to  their  invited 
guests,  and  everybody  was  invited.  The  city  was  handsomely  decorated. 
Flags  were  suspended  across  the  streets,  private  residences,  business  houses 
and  public  buildings  were  handsomely  festooned  with  flowers  and  ever- 
greens, and  every  face  wore  an  expression  of  happiness  and  pleasure.  It 
was  the  great  gala  day  in  the  history  of  Rockford  and  Winnebago  County. 

The  new  court  house  building  is  a  model  of  architectural  beauty,  and 
is  known  as  the  French  A'^enetian,  with  American  treatment.  It  is  82x113 
feet  on  the  ground,  covering  an  area  of  9,266  square  feet,  and  three  stories 
high,  with  the  main  front  on  State  street.  The  foundation  walls  are  sunk 
seven  feet  and  six  inches  in  the  ground  below  the  grade  line,  and  rest  on 
footing  courses  of  solid  Joliet  limestone  six  feet  in  width.  The  lower  or 
basement  walls  are  built  from  eight-inch  stone,  backed  by  sixteen-inch 
brick  lining,  making  twenty-four-inch  walls.  Above  this,  the  wall-stone  is 
six  inches  in  thickness,  with  fourteen-inch  brick  backing,  making  twenty- 
inch    walls.      [The  stone   used  in   the  exterior  walls  was   brought  from 


372  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

Walker's  quarry,  at  Joliet.  The  brick  used  previous  to  the  disaster  of  the 
11th  of  May,  IS 77,  was  from  Brown  &  Gow's  kilns,  about  five  miles  above 
Rockford.  Those  used  after  that  disaster  were  brought  from  the  kilns  of 
the  Chicago  Bridewell.] 

The  basement  and  first  story  are  divided  into  four  sections  each,  by  cor- 
ridors running  north  and  south  and  east  and  west.  The  cori'idors  or  halls 
running  from  the  front  to  tlie  rear,  are  twelve  feet  in  width,  and  those  run- 
ning from  east  to  west,  fourteen  feet  six  inches  in  width.  The  basement 
•story  is  twelve  feet  in  heighth  from  fioor  to  ceiling,  and  is  divided  into 
rooms  for  offices,  fire-proof  vaults,  boiler  department,  storage  room,  water 
closet,  etc.,  there  being  ten  rooms  and  two  vaults, 

Tlie  first  story  proper,  is  16  feet  from  fioor  to  ceiling,  and  is  reached 
from  the  State  street  entrance  by  a  double  flight  of  stone  steps  of  21  steps 
each.  This  story  is  arranged  and  divided  into  rooms  for  the  use  of  the 
county  offices.  The  ofiices  or  roo)ns  on  the  right  are  assigned  to  the  Clerk 
of  the  Circuit  Court,  the  general  ofiice  being  21x21  feet,  and  the  room  for 
the  recording  department  13x21  feet.  These  departments  are  provided  with 
a  fire-proof  vault  14x32  feet,  for  the  preservation  of  records. 

The  Sherifi"'s  ofiice  is  in  the  west  side  of  the  building,  and  immedi- 
ately south  of  and  adjoining  the  Recorder's  ofiice,  but  has  no  communi- 
cating door  therewith.     The  entrance  to  this  ofiice  is  by  the  west  corridor. 

The  ofiices  of  the  County  Clerk  and  Treasurer  (in  one)  and  County 
Judge  are  located  on  the  left  of  the  main  entrance.  The  Clerk  and  Treas- 
urer's ofiice  is  21x35  feet,  and  tlie  room  assigned  to  the  County  Judge,  12x15. 
These  departments  are  also  supplied  with  a  vault  14x32  feet. 

The  rooms  designed  for  the  use  of  the  County  Court  and  Board  of 
Supervisors  are  on  the  right  and  left  of  the  rear  or  Elm  street  entrance,  are 
22x42  feet  each,  and  are  reached  by  a  double  flight  of  stone  steps,  of  19  steps 
each,  from  the  Elm  street  side. 

The  second  story  is  35  feet  froin  the  floor  to  the  center  part  of  the  dome. 
The  main  part  of  it  is  designed  for  the  use  of  the  Circuit  Court,  and  is  72x76 
feet.  On  the  right  is  the  Judge's  private  room,  12x21  feet;  a  room  for  the 
use  of  the  State's  Attorney,  15x17  feet,  and  the  grand  jury  room,  12x21 
feet.  On  the  left  the  petit  jury  room,  12x21  feet;  a  retiring  room  for  mem- 
bers of  the  bar,  17x21  feet,  and  a  law  library  room,  12x21  feet.  Stairs  lead 
to  this  story  from  the  bisecting  corridor  in  the  first  story.  The  building  is 
lighted  by  six  large  French  plate  glass  windows  in  front  and  rear,  and  eight 
on  each  side. 

A  large  dome  30x30  feet  and  119  feet  in  height  from  the  ground  line 
to  the  top  of  the  finial,  rises  over  the  front  entrance.  The  south  side  of 
this  dome  is  supported  by  two  stone  piers,'"  rising  to  a  height  of  37  feet, 
seven  feet  six  inches  at  the  base,  and  three  feet  six  inches  at  the  top.  These 
piers  are  surmounted  by  two  Corinthian  iron  columns,  18  inches  in  diam- 
eter, 2j-  inches  thick,  and  23  feet  8  inches  in  height,  on  which  rests  the  main 
box  girder,  weighing  five  and  a  half  tons,  which  in  turn  supports  the  south 
wall  of  the  dome. 

In  a  circular  panel  immediately  over  the  semi-dome,  in  large  raised 
letters  is  the  latin  word  Lex,  meaning  law.  In  the  semi-dome,  in  richly 
carved  bas-relief  work,  are  three  medallion  panels,  in  which  are  figures  rep- 
resenting Spring,  Summer  and  Autumn. 

*Tliese  stone  piers  were  introduced  as  strengthening  supports  in  tlae  reconstruction  of 
he  building  after  the  fall  of  the  dome,  May  11,  1877. 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  373 

Within  tlie  dome's  pediment,  with  win<^s  extended,  an  exqnisitely  carved 
American  Eagle  will  look  down  and  out  upon  State  street.  A  stone  tablet 
on  one  side  of  the  arched  entrance  will  bear  the  date  of  the  settlement  of 
the  county,  date  of  organization,  date  of  building  of  first  court-house,  do. 
of  present  court-house  and  its  cost.  On  the  other  tablet  will  be  inscribed 
the  name  of  each  township  and  date  of  its  settlement,  etc. 

From  the  :23d  of  June,  1876,  the  day  the  corner  stone  was  laid,  until 
Friday,  May  11,  1877,  the  work  progressed  without  interruption.  On  that 
day,  however,  a  disaster  occurred  that  not  only  seriously  retarded  the  pro- 
gress of  the  work,  but  enshrouded  the  entii-e  community  in  sorrow  and 
gloom.  About  half- past  eleven  o'clock  on  that  day,  while  citizens  were  pur- 
suing their  usual  avocations,  a  sudden  tremor  ran  through  the  air,  a  strange 
and  startling  sound  rose  and  spread  through  the  city  with  a  terrible  roar, 
and  great  clouds  of  dust  darkened  the  horizon.  "Before  the  people  had 
time  to  take  a  second  thought,"  said  the  Journal  of  Saturday,  the  12th, 
"the  sound  swelled  to  a  grinding  roar,  and  all  eyes^in  the  vicinity  were 
involuntarily  directed  to  the  place  of  doom.  First  a  single  stone  was  seen 
to  topple  from  the  apex  of  the  pediment  of  the  main  central  tower,  then  the 
sides  of  the  tower  crumbled  and  fell  inward,  the  front  pediment  leaped  into 
the  air  towards  State  street;  a  confused  roar — a  cloud  of  whitish-yellow 
smoke — a  half  dozen  men  suspended  in  the  air,  or  clinging  to  balustrade,  or 
ropes,  or  cornices,  or  taking  the  death  leap — and  then  a  crush  and  cloud 
followed  b}'  a  shudder,  and  afterwards  a  hush  like  that  of  death.  '  Good 
God  !  it's  the  court-house!'  ran  from  lip  to  lip  along  the  street.  Crowds 
hurried  to  the  scene,  and  drew  as  near  to  the  ruins  as  possible.-  It  was  dis- 
covered that  all  but  a  portion  of  the  front  pediment  of  the  main  central 
tower,  dome,  or  pavilion,  had  fallen,  mostly  down  through  the  middle  of  the 
building,  crushing  in  its  descent  much  of  the  inside  work  of  the  structure. 
The  debris  filled  the  ground  front  apartment  behind  the  grand  entrance, 
the  northwest  and  northeast  basement  rooms,  and  the  central  hallway.  The 
boiler  which  fed  the  two  engines  was  precipitated  from  the  uj^per  floor  to 
the  bottom,  with  the  hoisting  engine,  which  was  on  the  same  floor.  The 
iron  girders  were  twisted  like  broom  wires,  and  beams,  brickwork,  sculp- 
tured stones  and  human  bodies  were  mingled  in  inextiicable  confusion.  It 
was  known  from  the  first  that  the  loss  of  life  by  the  disaster  must  be  fearful. 
The  shattered  building  still  threatened  death  to  whoever  ventured  near  it, 
and  going  inside  of  it  under  the  hanging,  riven  timbers,  and  the  threaten- 
ing, shattered  walls  was  a  thing  of  hazard.  But  men  soon  ventured  inside 
and  began  to  overhaul  the  debris.  Soon  two  men  were  brought  out  of  the 
main  hall  on  the  west  side  of  the  building,  one  with  his  face 'badly  cut,  but 
able  to  stand  and  talk,  but  the  other  battered,  broken  and  mashed  almost 
beyond  recognition.  Mr.  Richardson  and  Supervisor  Latham  were  on  the 
roof  when  the  tower  fell.  Mr.  Richardson  was  soon  after  seen  walking  on 
the  west  wall,  whence  he  calndy  gave  some  orders  to  the  men  below. 
Both  gentlemen  reached  the  ground  in  safety.  How  they  escaped  they 
could  not  clearly  tell.  They  had  but  a  minute  or  two  befctre  stood  upon  the 
portion  which  fell.  Going  into  the  building  and  looking  np  among  the 
broken  timbers  where  the  dome  had  stood,  two  men  were  seen  up  there  on 
the  horrible  perch.  When  the  tower  began  to  crack  and  tremble,  two  col- 
ored men  and  Timothy  Fiannigan  took  fearful  trapeze  leaps  over  the  front. 
One  ot  the  colored  men  struck  upon  a  pile  of  coal  dust  and  escaped  with 
but  slight  injuries.     The  other  colored  man  caught  upon  a  guy  rope  and 


374  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

descended  safely  to  tlie  ground;  biit  poor  Flannigan  fell  among  the  rocks 
and  died  soon  after  his  removal. 

"  As  soon  as  possible  gangs  of  men  were  organized  to  work  among  the 
rubbish,  in  search  of  the  buried  victims.  Body  after  body  was  exhumed 
and  removed,  some  dead  and  some  alive,  and  others  that  died  upon  the  grass 
soon  after  removal. 

"Four  horribly  mangled  corpses  were  soon  laid  in  the  north  wing  of 
the  old  court-house.  John  *Peck  was  taken  to  the  City  Hotel  with  a  leg 
broken.  Young  Mr.  John  Pipe,  the  son  of  the  Superintendent,  was  taken 
out  dead  and  laid  in  the  court-house.  Albert  Haug,  and  a  colored  man, 
with  one  leg  off,  and  the  body  of  Timothy  Flannigan,  wei'e  also  deposited  in 
the  same  place.  Mr.  Mclnnis  was  conveyed  in  a  hack  to  407  South  Fourth 
street,  East  Side,  and  another  man  to  the  corner  of  Court  and  Wall  streets, 
South  Side.  Albert  Uollenbeck,  a  worthy  Sonth  Side  man,  was  known  to 
be  dead  in  the  ruins.  His  little  bo.y,  who  had  come  up  town  on  hearing  the 
dreadful  news,  inquired  for  his  father.  Somebody  told  him  that  his  father 
was  'all  right.'  The  little  fellow  went  back  rejoicing  to  inform  the  family, 
and  all  the  time  the  hubband  and  parent  was  crushed  and  dead  beneath  the 
ruins. 

"  The  firemen  were  soon  at  the  scene,  and  busily  working  for  the 
recovery  of  the  bodies,  under  the  direction  of  Chief  Lakin.  A  stream  was 
thrown  on  to  the  smouldering  fire  where  the  engine  had  fallen,which  was  soon 
extinguished.  The  firemen  then,  by  the  aid  of  the  ladders,  rescued  t^vo  or 
three  men  who  were  clinging  to  the  outer  walls  of  the  building,  and  had 
fortunately  not  fallen  with  the  tower.  Chief  Lakin  ascended  to  the  second 
floor  and  extricated  Augustus  Lucas,  engineer  of  the  upper  engine,  and  he 
was  conveyed  to  his  home  on  Court  street,  where  a  dislocated  hip  was 
reduced  by  Dr.  Burns.  Doctors  Fitch,  Yincent,  E-ichings,  and  others, 
treated  the  other  wounded. 

'■''The  Cause. — The  cause  of  this  terrible  calamity  is  easily  understood 
and  explained.  The  square  base  of  the  dome  or  tower  was  80  or  90  feet 
from  the  ground,  and  rested  in  front  on  the  wall  over  the  arched  grand 
portal.  The  rear  part  of  it  projected  inside  the  building  and  was  supported 
by  two  iron-fluted  pillars,  which  rested  on  two  columnar  projections  behind 
the  portal,  built  of  brick.  These  brick  supports  crumbled  and  let  down  the 
entire  rear  portion  of  the  tower,  which  of  course  caused  the  destruction  of 
the  entire  dome,  some  of  it  falling  outward  over  the  front,  but  the  main 
part  pitched  over  into  the  interior  of  the  building  and  demolished  much  of 
the  inside  work,  some  of  the  flying  rocks  shooting  clear  out  of  the  windows 
at  the  rear  of  the  structure. 

"A  fearful  responsibility  rests  upon  some  one,  a  responsibility  which 
will  be  rightly  placed  as  time  progresses. 

"Crowds  from  all  parts  of  the  city  surged  in  and  around  the  court- 
house, and  the  police  with  difficulty  prevented  them  from  interfering  with 
the  workmen  among  the  del)ris.  All  the  afternoon  they  toiled,  but  the  sun 
went  down  while  yet  poor  Hollenbeck  and  Haug  remained  m  the  ruins. 
The  wounded  men  were  all  properly  cared  for,  and  none  of  them  had  died 
at  nightfall,  though  it  was  stated  by  the  physicians  that  Peck  and  Harris,  at 
the  City  Hotel,  would  probably  die. 

"  The  wife  of  the  man  killed,  Flannigan,  while  riding  to  her  home  on 
Charles  street,  on  her  return  from  the  terrible  scene  of  her  husband's  death, 
fainted  and  was  taken  into  Thos,  Scott's  coal  office,  where  she  was  attended 


HISTOKY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  375 

bj  Dr.  Clark,  some  ladies  comine^  to  his  assistance,  as  Mrs.  Flarmigan  was 
eiiGiente^  and  fears  were  entertained  from  the  resnlt  of  her  great   agitation. 

"'  It  was  a  noteworthy  circumstance  that  scarcely  a  groan,  and  no  out- 
cry escaped  the  wounded  men.  They  all  seemed  paralyzed  by  the  terrible 
shock  and  uttered  not  a  sound. 

"^1  Thorough  Investigation. — A  coronor's  jury  was  impaneled  at  about 
four  o'clock,  consisting  of  the  following  well-known  citizens:  Hon.  S.  M. 
Church,  foreman;  D.  L.  Emerson,  Geo.  Wilson,  W.  11.  Smith,  Thomas 
Butterworth,  II.  W.  Carpenter.  A.  G.  Lowry,  J.  W.  Seccomb,  Geo.  S.  Has- 
kell, G.  A.  Sanford,  John  11.  Porter,  J.  B.  Howell. 

""  An  inipiest  was  held  on  the  four  bodies  recovered  at  that  time  and 
then  lying  in  the  old  court-house.  The  jury  then  adjourned,  to  meet  this 
morning  at  nine  o'clock,  at  the  City  Council  Rooms.  The  jury  will,  if  pos- 
sible, ascertain  at  whose  door  lies  the  criminal  responsibility  for  this  terri- 
ble disaster.  Somebody  is  to  blame  for  the  ] proposed  construction  of  a 
building  which  was  liable  to  fall  at  any  moment  and  crush  to  death  those  it 
was  intended  to  shelter  and  protect,  and  it  is  the  duty  of  this  jury  to  ascer- 
tain, if  possible,  who  the  guilty  parties  are,  and  let  the  censure  rest  where  it 
belongs. 

^^ Killed. — Fred  Haug,  and  A.  Hollenbeck,  still  in  ruins;  John 
"Warren,  A.  Haug,  John  Pipe,  George  Gloss,  Timothy  Flannigan,  bodies 
recovered. 

"  Wounded. — August  Lucas,  hip  dislocated  and  cut  on  the  head;  Thos. 
Hayes,  severe  cut  on  the  head;  Wm.  Mclnnis,  slightly;  John  Peck,  leg 
crushed,  dangerously  wounded;  Geo.  Smith,  slightly;  Hugh  Eldridge, 
slightly  cut  in  the  head;  Cicero  Dickerson,  slightly;  Hendrez  Beldahl, 
dangerously;  Isaac  Donelly,  slightly;  John  Donaldson,  missing;  Frank 
Harris,  badly; Linholm,  badly. 

'*Some  of  the  wounded  are  in  a  critical  condition.  Of  the  killed,  but 
two,  Hollenbeck  and  Flannigan,  lived  in  liockford,  the  others  coming  with 
Mr.  Richardson  from  Springfield. 

"•'Memorial  Service. — At  a  meeting  of  the  pjistors  of  the  churches  of 
the  city  last  evening,  it  was  decided  to  hold  public  services  expressive  of  the 
Christian  sympathy  of  the  citizens  of  Rockford  with  the  sutit'erers  in  the 
late  calamity  at  the  new  court-house,  in  the  Second  Congregational  Church, 
to-morrow  (Sunday)  evening,  at  7:  30  p.  m.  Addresses 'will  be  made  by 
clericvmen  and  citizens. 

"At  the  close  of  the  services,  a  collection  and  subscription  will  be  taken 
for  the  benefit  of  the  families  of  the  killed  and  injured,  as  it  is  understood 
that  several  of  these  families  will  be  left  in  great  destitution  by  the  loss  of 
husbands  and  fathers.  It  is  hoped  that  a  generous  contribution  will  be 
received  at  the  services. 

'•  Thanks  for  Aid. — Mr.  Richardson,  the  contractor,  desires  to  express 
his  profound  thanks  to  the  citizens  of  Rockford  for  the  prompt  and  timely 
aid  rendered  him  at  this  dire  calamity,  in  rescuing  the  wounded,  and  also 
for  the  many  manifestations  of  sympathy  extended  the  sufi'erers.  • 

"  Z«^;6/'.— Saturday  morning,  6  o'clock. — A  large  gang  of  hands  were 
engaged  all  night  in  clearing  away  the  debris,  but  up  to  this  time  neither 
of  the  remaining  bodies  have  been  recovered.  This  work  will  be  continued 
during  the  day  with  an  increased  force." 

From  the  Sunday  edition. — "  Many  rumors  and  much  gossip  have 
circulated  among  our  citizens  since  the  great  disaster  happened.    Of  course, 


376  HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

the  all  absorbing  question  is,  "'Who  is  responsible?"  Our  yesterday's  edi- 
tion gave  what  we  had  good  reason  to  think  was  the  truth  in  reference  to 
an  alleged  difference  of  opinion  between  Mr.  Richardson  and  the  building 
committee  in  regard  to  the  strength  of  the  building.  The  statement  which 
we  made  reflected  slightly  on  the  liberality  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors, 
and  intimated  that  they  had  perhaps  adhered  too  pertinaciousl}'  to  the  build- 
ing contract.  The  committee  naturally  took  umbrage  to  this  view,  and 
have  so  expressed  themselves  to  us.  The  Journal  has  no  intention  of  do- 
ing the  gentlemen  injustice,  and  has  taken  pains  to  get  an  expression  of 
views  from  Messrs.  Ferguson  and  Haines,  of  the  building  committee,  and 
of  the  architect,  Mr.  Gay,  as  well  as  of  Mr.  Richardson.  Our  reporter  met 
Mr.  Gay  at  the  court-house,  in  company  with  E.  B.  Sumner,  Esq.,  and  was 
introduced  by  the  latter  gentleman.     The  following  conversation  ensued: 

"  Reporter — Mr.  Gay,  have  3'ou  anything  to  say  through  the  Journal 
in  regard  to  this  great  calamity?  We  should  be  pleased  to  give  you  ample 
opportunity  for  expression  in  our  columns,  if  you  desire  to  use  them. 

''  Mr.  Gay — I  have  but  just  arrived,  and  until  I  have  secured  a  thor- 
ough investigation,  I  prefer  to  give  no  expression  in  regard  to  the  matter. 

"  Reporter — Then  you  intend  to  have  an  investigation? 

''Mr.  Gay — I  do;  as  thorough  an  investigation  as  possible.  Until  that 
transpires  I  am  unable  to  express  an  opinion  regarding  the  disaster.  I  am 
willing  to  bear  the  revelations  of  a  thorough  investigation.  What  results 
therefrom  docs  not  concern  me  nearly  as  much  as  the  recovery  of  these 
dead  men  from  the  ruins.  Mv  feelings  of  sorrow  for  the  sad  result  of  the 
calamity  are  inexpressible.  All  other  considerations  aie  unimportant  to 
me  in  comparison  to  this  fearful  loss  of  life  and  suffering. 

■•'  Reporter — Is  it  true,  Mr.  Gay,  that  there  has  been  all  along  a  disa- 
greement between  yourself  and  Mr.  Richardson  in  regard  to  particulars  of 
construction  in  the  building,  or  its  strength? 

"  Mr.  Gay — No,  sir. 

"  Reporter — Has  not  Mr.  liichardson  intimated  to  you  at  sundry  times 
that  the  construction  was  too  weak  in  parts? 

"  Mr.  Gay — No,  sir — ^you  see  I  have  not  been  here  to  examine  the 
work  since  February;  and  you  know  how  it  was  then;  everything  appeared 
all  right,  so  far  as  I  could  see. 

"  Reporter — Those  brick  piers,  or  columns,  were  the  supports  of  the 
iron  pillars  above  and  the  inside  wall  of  the  pavilion,  were  they  not,  and 
were  they  so  designed  in  the  plans  and  specifications? 

"  Mr.  (xay — Yes;  they  were  the  supports  of  that  portion  of  the  pavil- 
ion, in  accordance  with  the  design. 

"Further  questioning  in  regard  to  the  cause  of  failure  of  these  sup- 
ports was  evaded  by  Mr.  Gay,  and  the  conversation  was  diverted  by  the  ap- 
proach of  Mayor  Ferguson,  chairman  of  the  court-house  building  com- 
mittee. 

"  The  Mayor  began  to  reprimand  the  Journal  for  its  statement  regard- 
'g  the  attitude  of  the  building  committee  and  the  Board  of  Supervisors, 
which  our  representative  took  with  the  meekness  usual  with  the  craft. 
Then  the  following  colloquy  ensued: 

"  Reporter — Mr.  Ferguson,  it  has  been  reported  "that  a  difference 
had  all  along  existed  between  the  building  committee,  representing 
the  Board  of  Supervisors,  and  the  contractor,  Mr.  Richardson,  in  regard  to 
certain  features  of  the  construction,  arising  from  the  fact  that  the  con- 


i* 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  379 

tractor  desired  certain  modifications  of  tlie  original  plan  so  as  to  make  the 
buildino;  stronger  and  better. 

"  Mr.  Ferguson — There  has  not  a  word  passed  between  the  contractor 
and  ourselves  in  regard  to  such  a  matter — not  a  solitary  word.  We  have 
not  had  the  least  intimation  that  anything  was  wrong.  We  have  repeat- 
edlv  gone  over  the  building  with  Mr.  Richardson,  and  satisfaction  was  ex- 
pressed with  the  nature  and  progress  of  the  work  by  all  parties. 

••  This  was  the  most  important  part  of  Mr.  Ferguson's  statement  to  us. 
He  further  stated,  also,  that  nothing  would  l)e  done  about  renewing  the 
work  till  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  which  would  be  called  im- 
mediately. When  asked  if  he  thought  the  construction  would  go  on,  he 
replied  tliat  he  could  not  say  for  certain.  All  would  depend  on  the  action 
of  the  Boar.i. 

"■  Mr.  Richardson,  when  approached,  was  not  at  all  inclined  to  talk. 
He  said  that  he  was  placed  in  a  very  trying  position,  and  denied  that  any 
disagreement  had  arisen  between  himself  and  the  Supervisors. 

"  From  our  conv^ersation  with  all  the  above  mentioned  parties,  we  were 
impressed  with  the  idea  that  they  formed  a  coterie  a  good  deal  more  solid  than 
rhat  fatal  brick  support  of  the  fallen  pavilion ;  that  it  would  take  a  very 
pertinacious  oyster  knife  to  pry  open  the  shell  of  'keep  mum'  in  which  they 
had  encased  themselves.  One  fact  they  could  not  deny.  The  tower  had 
fallen,  and  eight  lives  and  a  heavy  cost  to  the  county  were  the  sacrifice. 
There  was  a  defect  somewhere.  It  was  a  significant  fact,  too,  that  Mr, 
Richardson  and  Mr.  Latham  had  but  a  moment  before  the  catastrophe  been 
peering  about  at  the  now  ruined  pavilion.  Why  did  they  do  it^  Mr.  La 
tham  nearly  let  the  cat  escape  from  the  bag  by  his  answer  to  the  coroner's 
inquest,  when  he  said  that  they  were  looking  to^  see  whether  the  tower  was 
defective  or  not. 

"It  is  now  quite  evident  ^  that  the  blame  will  be  made  to  rest  on  the 
nature  ot  the  brick  in  the  supports.  It  is  said  that  they  were  too  soft;  and 
that  if  they  had  been  as  hard  as  ordinary  Milwaukee  brick,  they  would  have 
been  sufticiently  strong  for  the  purpose.  If  that  were  so,  it  seems  as  if 
somebody  ought  to  have  known  that  the  brick  were  too  soft.  The  pending 
investigation  will  probably  bring  out  the  facts  in  the  case;  at  all  events, 
the  coroner's  jury  should  sift  the  matter  to  the  very  bottom,  so  that  the 
truth  shall  be  revealed,  if  possible,  J  ustice  to  all  parties  demands  nothing 
less. 

"The  toilers  in  the  ruins  worked  like  Titans  last  night  among  the 
debris  in  the  northwest  room  and  in  the  hall-way  in  the  rear  of  that  room, 
under  the  direction  of  Tom  Force.  At  a  little  past  twelve  their  ghastly 
labors  were  rewarded  by  the  discovery  of  the  bodies  of  Ilollenbeck  and 
Ilaug,  down  deep  under  massive  portions  of  the  stone-work.  A  huge 
stone,  about  five  feet  square,  lay  in  a  tilted  position,  one  edge  resting  on  Ihe 
body  of  Hollenbeck,  Hang's  body  laying  across  Hollen beck's  legs.  Atop  of 
Hang  lay  a  couple  of  large  sculptured  stones,  of  vast  weight.  Hollenbeck's 
head  lay  away  under  the  rock  above  him,  and  his  arm  was  stretched  out 
and  pinioned  between  undiscovered  rocks.  To  extricate  the  body  of  Hol- 
lenbeck, it  was  necessary  to  drill  through  the  tilted  stone  and  break  a  por- 
tion off".  Then  the  body  was  removed,  by  separating  it  from  the  arm, 
which  latter  is  still  under  the  rock.  Hang's  body  was  jammed  and  doubled 
up  beyond  semblance  of  a  man,  but  that  of  Hollenbeck  was  in  tolerable 
preservation.     The  bodies  were  extricated  about  5  a.  m.     Both  were  depos- 

21 


380  H18T0KY .  OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

ited  in  the  dead  room  of  the  old  court-house  to  await  the  action  of  the 
inquest. 

"Harris,  who  is  at  the  City  Hotel,  suffered  amputation  of  his  leg  at 
about  11  o'clock.  Dr.  Yincejit  performed  the  operation,  assisted  bj  Drs. 
McAffee,  Tibbets,  Knight  and  Hill.  The  patient  is  doing  well.  He  lies 
in  a  state  ot  stupor,  which  usually  supervenes  after  amputation.  The  other 
wounded  men  are  doing  as  well  as  could  be  expected. 

^'•Latest. — Lindholm,  one  of  the  Swedes  injured,  died  last  night  at  9 
o'clock,  and  Peck,  at  the  City  Hotel,  died  this  morning  at  12:4:5,  thus  mak- 
ing nine  persons  dead  from  the  disaster.  One  of  the  limbs  of  Harris,  also 
at  the  City  Hotel,  is  so  badly  crushed  that  the  physicians  have  decided  on 
amputation,  which  will  be  done  this  morning.  The  remaining  wounded,  so 
far  as  we  have  been  able  to  learn  at  time  ot  going  to  press,  are  doing  well. 

"The  Board  of  Supervisors  will  be  called  together  in  a  few  days,  to 
provide  for  this  unlooked  for  disaster  and  new  com]3lication. 

"The  funeral  of  John  Peck,  the  dead  man  at  the  City  Hotel,  will  be 
held  to-day  at  10  o'clock.  Rev.  D.  M.  Reed  officiating.  Two  sisters  of  the 
deceased  arrived  here  from  Rochester,  Minnesota,  this  morning. 

"The  investigation  will  be  entered  upon  speedily.  The  coroner's  jury 
have  requested  Mayor  Ferguson  to  visit  Chicago,  and  he  will  probably  go 
to-night.  There  he  will  procure  the  advice  of  building  experts,  and  arrange 
for  a  thorough  investigation." 

Saturday  evening  the  pastors  of  the  several  churches  met  in  consulta- 
tion and  arranged  to  hold  memorial  services  at  the  Second  Congregational 
Church,  on  Sunday  evening,  to  give  expression  to  the  Christian  sympathy 
entertained  by  the  citizens  of  Rockford  with  the  sufferers  in  the  terrible 
disaster.  At  this  meeting,  which  was  a  large  one,  Duncan  Ferguson,  E,-q., 
chairman  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  presided.  Addresses  were  made  by 
clergymen  and  citizens,  and  a  collection  taken  up  for  the  benefit  of  the 
maimed  and  wounded,  and  for  the  families  of  the  killed — several  of  the 
families  being  left  in  great  destitution.  It  is  needless  to  add  that  the 
response  was  hearty  and  substantial. 

The  inquest  and  inquiry  as  to  the  cause  or  causes  of  the  disaster  was 
commenced  on  Tuesday,  the  15th  of  May,  1877.  A  large  number  of  build- 
ing experts  and  other  witnesses  were  sworn  and  examined.  Among  the 
former  were  Messrs.  Gay,  the  architect;  Richardson,  the  building  contractor; 
W.  W.  Boyington,  Augustus  Bauer,  J.  R,  Willett,  and  L.  D.  Cleveland,  the 
four  last  named  gentlemen  being  Chicago  architects  of  standing  and  experi- 
ence. Twelve  days  were  spent  in  this  investigation.  The  testimony  was 
very  voluminous — too  much  so  to  be  incorporated  in  this  book,  and  with  an 
explanatory  article  from  the  Rockford  Journal  of  May  19,  and  the  finding 
of  the  Coroner's  Jury,  the  subject  will  be  dismissed  from  these  pages. 

The  Journal  said:  "Before  entering  upon  a  recital  of  the  evidence 
adduced  at  the  Coroner's  inquest  in  the  great  court-house  cuse,  we  will,  as 
plainly  as  possible,  explain  the  manner  in  which  the  fallen  pavilion  was 
supported,  and  why  it  fell.  All  who  have  seen  it  are  familiar  with  the 
appearance  of  tlie  grand  central  dome  or  pavilion  of  the  now  dishonored 
court-house;  how  it  hung  aloft  over  the  grand  portal,  a  thing  of  marvelous 
grace  and  beauty;  and  so  absorbed  were  we  all  with  its  growth  in  symme- 
try and  perfection,  day  by  day,  that  we  never  stopped  to  inquire  how  it 
hung  there,  or  how  adequate  were  its  supports.  (And  it  has  proved  that 
some,  whose  business  it  was  to  think  of  that,  were  in  a  daze,  as  well.)    That 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COTJNTT.  381 

marvel  of  beauty,  alas,  was  no  ethereal  thing,  but  had  dead  weight,  pressing 
upon  its  sujiports  with  a  ponderability  estimated,  with  a  strange  variance 
in  authorities,  from  480  to  840  tons.  The  front,  or  north  half,  of  the  pavilion 
was  supported  bv  the  exterior  wall  of  the  building,  and  the  arched  entrance 
of  the  facade.  "The  south  side  of  the  pavilion  hung  away  over  into  the 
interior  of  the  building  on  a  line  with  the  wall  partitioning  the  front  rooms 
from  the  vaults  next  south  of  them.  This  south  side  was  supported  on  two 
iron  columns,  !^2  feet  in  height,  which  rested  on  a  columnar  section  of  wall. 

This  wall  wns  the  regular  partitioning  wall  between  the  northwest  front 
room  and  a  vault  in  the  rear,  as  before  stated,  and  was  36  feet  in  height 
from  the  foundation.  It  was  a  hollow  wall,  with  twelve  inches  of  brick  on 
one  side  and  eight  on  the  other  side  of  the  four  inch  vacuum.  At  the  point 
where  the  iron  pavilion-supporting  pillar  stood  was  a  section  two  feet  four 
inches  square,  and  built  up  solid.  A  pilaster,  or  projection  on  the  vault,  or 
south  side,  of  four  inches,  was  built  up  with  the  wall.  This  section  of  the 
wall  is  what  has  been  familiarly  called  the  "pier,"  or  column,  in  conversa- 
tion and  reports.  It  is  not  properly  a  column  or  pier  at  all,  but  merely  a 
section  of  the  wall  proper.  On  the  top  of  this  section  of  wall  was  placed  a 
Joliet  cap-stone,  two  feet  square;  on  this  an  iron  plate  two  inches  thick. 
On  this  pedestal  stood  the  iron  column,  which  reached  up  to  the  dome  above 
and  feebly  held  back  a  doom  which  the  unconscious  workmen  had  been 
piling  up  there  for  months.  The  cause  of  the  catastrophe,  now,  is  easily 
reached.  The  hundreds  of  tons  of  weight  in  the  pavilion  simply  crushed 
the  brick  support  underneath,  and  the  fearful  crash  came.  The  brick  wall 
was  raised  its  entire  height  of  thirty- six  feet  without  a  single  bond-stone, 
and  though  Chicago  experts  say  that  if  it  had  been  properly  constructed  it 
would  have  sustained  the  superincumbent  weight,  Messrs.  Richardson  and 
Pipe  say  that  it  was  entirely  inadequate  to  support  the  weight  put  upon  it." 

On  Tuesday  afternoon,  May  29,  187Y,  the  Coroner's  Jury  returned  the 
following  verdict: 
State  of  Illinois, 


Winnebago  Co.     f  ' ' 

An  inquisition  indented  and  taken  for  the  people  of  the  State  of  Illi- 
nois, at  the  City  Council  Chambers,  in  the  city  of  Rockford,  in  said  Winne- 
bago County,  on  11th,  12th,  13th,  14th,  15th,  16th,  17th,  18th,  19th,  21st, 
and  22d  days  of  May,  A.  D.  1877,  before  me,  Judson  D.  Burns,  Coronor  of 
said  Winnebago  County,  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  after  viewing  the  bodies  of 
Frederick  Hang,  Albert  Hang,  Timothy  Flaimigan,  John  Pipe,  Geo.  Gloss, 
John  Warren,  Almira  Hollenbeck,  John.  T.  Pick,  and  Jared  F.  Harris,  tlien 
and  there  lying  dead,  upon  the  oaths  of  Selden  M.  Clmrch,  Foreman;  H. 
W.  Carpenter,  Geo.  S.  Haskell,  John  R.  Porter,  G.  A.  Santord,  J.  B. 
Howell,  Thos.  Butterworth,  Geo.  Wilson,  J.  W.  Seccomb,  D.  L.  Emerson, 
Wm.  ll.  Smith,  A.  G.  Lowrey,  good  and  lawful  men  of  said  Winnebago 
County,  who,  being  duly  sworn  to  inquire  upon  the  part  of  the  people  of 
the  State  of  Illinois,  into  all  the  circumstances  attending  the  death  of  the 
persons  aforesaid,  whose  bodies  they  have  viewed,  and  by  whom  the  same 
was  produced,  and  in  what  manner,  and  when  and  where  the  said  dead 
bodies  aforesaid  came  to  their  death,  do  say,  upon  their  oaths  aforesaid,  that 
the  said  Frederick  Haug,  Albert  Hang,  Timothy  Flannigan,  John  Pipe,  Geo. 
Gloss,  John  Warren,  Almira  Hollenbeck,  John  T.  Pick  and  Jared  T.  Harris 
were  lying,  when  found,  in  the  debris  of  the  Court  House  of  Winnebago 
County,  State  of  Illinois,  said  court-house  then  being  under  construction 


382  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COTTNTT. 

and  situated  in  the  city  of  Kockford,  west  of  Kock  Kiver,  in  an  enclosure 
known  as  Court  House  Square,  in  the  County  of  "Winnebago  and  State  of 
Illinois  aforesaid,  on  the  11th  and  l'2th  days  of  May,  A.  D.  1877,  and  that 
the  said  dead  bodies  aforesaid,  when  so  found  as  aforesaid,  appeared  badly 
mutilated  and  crushed;  and  so  the  jurors  aforesaid  upon  their  oaths  do  say 
that  the  said  Frederick  Ilaug,  Albert  Haug, Timothy  Flannigan,  John  Pipe, 
Geo.  Gloss,  John  Warren,  Almira  Hollenbeck,  John  T.  Pick  and  Jared  F. 
Harris  came  to  their  death  aforesaid  by  the  reason  of  the  falling  of  part  of  the 
main  pavilion  of  the  aforesaid  court-house,  on  Friday,  the  lltli  day  of  May, 
1877,  at  the  hour  of  11:30  a.  m.,  or  thereabouts,  the  above  named  persons 
killed  being  mechanics  and  laborers  employed  upon  and  about  the  aforesaid 
court-house,  at  the  time  of  the  falling. 

THE    CAUSE. 

That  the  cause  of  said  falling  is,  first,  The  neglect  of  Henry  L.  Gay, 
the  architect  of  the  said  building,  to  provide  for  the  great  amount  of  weight 
called  for  to  complete  the  construction  of  said  building,  according  to  plans 
as  designed  by  him. 

Second,  That  want  of  care  or  prudence  on  the  part  of  said  architect,  in 
not  giving  special  specifications  and  plans  for  the  part  or  parts  of  the  gen- 
eral plan  required  or  expected  to  carry  the  extra  weight,  in  proportion  to 
their  superficies. 

We  find  that  the  Board  of  Supervisors  failed  to  use  that  caution  in  ex- 
amining the  plans  and  specifications  that  the  construction  of  a  building  of 
that  magnitude  would  seem  to  require,  and  that  they  acted  unwisely  in  not 
employing  a  competent  architect  to  superintend  the  construction  of  the 
same.  And  so  the  jury  do  find. — Selden  M.  Church,  Pliram  W.  Carpenter, 
Geo.  S.  Haskell,  John  R.  Porter,  Goodyear  A.  Sanford,  Jas.  B.  Howell, 
Thos.  Butterworth,  Geo.  Wilson,  Jos.  W.  Seccomb,  D.  L.  Emerson,  Wm. 
H.  Smith,  Andrew  G.  Lowry. 

The  within  verdict  was  made  up  and  signed  and  delivered  to  me  this 
23d  day  of  May,  A.  D.  1877.  Judson  D.  Burns, 

Coroner  Win7iehago  County. 

The  direful  disaster  thus  disposed  of,  its  cause  established,  the  responsi- 
bility fixed  where  it  belonged,  the  dead  buried  and  the  wounded  provided 
for,  the  Board  of  Supervisors  next  turned  their  attention  to  the  strengthen- 
ing of  the  building,  that  a  similar  calamity  might  be  averted.  Messrs. 
William  S.  Smith,  engineer,  of  Maywood;  David  S.  Doig,  architect,  Rock- 
ford,  and  Aaron*  Houghton,  Durand,  were  designated  as  a  committee  of 
experts  to  make  such  changes  in  the  "plans  as  would  give  the  building  all 
necessary  strength  in  every  part,  and  to  determine  the  nature  and  extent  of 
the  repairs  necessary  to  restore  it  to  such  condition  as  would  permit  its  com- 
pletion. This  committee  found  a  number  of  defects  or  weak  places,  for 
which  they  suggested  strengthening  remedies,  which  were  adopted  and 
carried  out.  This  committee  was  also  instructed  to  make  estimates  on  the 
cost  of  restoring  the  building  to  its  condition  previous  to  its  falling,  and 
the  probable  cost  of  such  alterations  as  they  found  necessary  to  be  made  to 
insure  the  necessary  strength,  etc.  On  the  13tli  of  June  this  committee 
submitted  a  report,  from  which  the  following  figures  are  extracted: 

Cost  of  restoring  the  buildins: $27,600 

Cost  of  additions  and  alterations 18,515 

Total,  „„,--, ..,---. ,. - $46,115 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  383 

The  same  date  Mr.  Richardson  proposed  to  take  the  coTirt-hoiisc  as  it 
stood,  and  coni]>]ete  it  according  to  the  plans  and  specifications  as  aUered 
hy  the  committee  of  experts,  for  the  additional  sum  (to  the  contract  j)rice) 
of  ^4(),000,  making  the  whole  snm  to  be  paid  to  him  for  the  Conrt  Bouse, 
when  completed,  $206,000,  it  being  stipulated  in  this  proposition  that  all 
the  rubbish  and  material  about  the  building  should  belong  to  him,  and  that 
he  should  be  allowed  to  use  the  same  in  reconstructing  the  building  so  far 
as  the  building  superintendent  should  approve.  On  the  14th  of  June  the 
Board  of  Supervisors  v(jted  to  accept  the  proposition  of  Mr.  Ilichardson, 
and  the  building  commitsee  were  instructed  to  enter  into  the  necessary 
contract  with  him  for  the  faithful  fulfillment  of  his  proposition.  In  con- 
sideration of  Mr.  Richardson  being  awarded  the  rubbish  occasioned  by  the 
falling  of  the  dome,  etc.,  he  released  all  claims  that  he  might  have  against 
the  county  for  any  and  all  damages,  of  whatever  kind,  that  he  had  sustained 
by  the  disaster.  All  the  details  thus  completed,  work  was  resumed,  and 
has  been  prosecuted  without  further  interruption.  On  the  ITth  of  June, 
David  S.  Doig  was  appointed  building  superintendent,  in  place  of  F.  E. 
Latham,  resigned,  and  to  which  duty  he  gave  his  entire  and  undivided 
attention.  Not  a  single  piece  of  material  was  allowed  to  be  put  in  the 
wall  without  he  had  first  examined  it  and  found  it  to  be  suited  every  way 
to  the  place  it  was  designed  to  occupy,  and  then  put  in  place  under  his 
immediate  supervision.  In  this  way.  and  with  the  adoption  of  the  plans 
matured  by  the  committee  of  experts  for  strengthening  the  building,  the 
Winnebago  Court  House  was  made  one  of  the  strongest  in  tlie  State.  The 
fallen  dome  was  a  model  of  beauty  and  symmetry,  but  its  supports  were  too 
weak  to  sustain  its  great  weight.  The  design  was  a  grand  one,  but  there  is 
no  doubt  but  the  architect  who  designed  it  became  so  lost  in  the  contempla- 
tion of  the  l)eauty  of  the  model  his  brain  had  fashioned,  that  he  overlooked 
the  great  and  necessary  element  of  strength  in  the  supports  upon  which  it 
was  calculated  to  rest. 

Among  the  alterations  proposed  by  Mr.  Richardson,  was  iron  instead 
of  wooden  rafters  for  the  roof,  covered  with  sheeting  boards  and  tin  covering 
(same  as  in  the  original),  and  the  under  side  of  the  roof  to  be  covered  with 
wire  cloth  and  two  coats  of  cement  plastering.  When  this  building  is  fully 
completed,  it  will  be  a  proud  and  lasting  monument  to  the  spirit  of  the 
people  by  whom  it  was  built;  and  only  the  remembrance  of  one  thing  will 
cause  them  regret  as  they  contemplate  its  majestic  walls,  its  graceful  and 
towering  dome,  and  its  unsurpassed  interior  arrangement  and  iinish — the 
death  disaster  of  May  11,  A.  D.  1877.  The  horrors  and  memories  of  that 
occasion  will  live  in  the  minds  of  men  so  long  as  the  walls  of  the  building 
endure. 

In  closing  this  chapter,  it  is  but  simple  justice  to  the  worth  and  merit 
or  Mr.  Duncan  Ferguson,  member  and  chairman  of  the  Board  of  Super- 
visors and  chairman  of  the  Building  Committee  from  the  inception  of  the 
undertaking,  to  remark  that  he  spared  no  effort  to  secure  to  the  county  all 
that  was  contemplated  by  the  people  when  they  determined  to  build  a  court- 
house that  would  be  in  keeping  with  the  wealth  and  importance  of  the 
county.  The  duties  of  such  a  position  could  not  have  been  assigned  to  a 
more  prudent,  careful  and  determined  gentleman.  To  him  and  his  asso- 
ciates on  the  committee,  Messrs.  A.  Haines,  F.  E.  Latham,  H.  Mackey, 
and  J.  B.  Merritt,  from  the  letting  of  the  conti-act  until  April,  1877;  and 
A.  Haines,  J.  B.  Merritt,  J.  R.  Herring  and  J.  H.  Kirk,  from  April,  1877, 


384  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

the  people  owe  enlarged  consideration  and  recognition  for  the  very 
economic  and  careful  manner  in  which  they  have  guarded  their  interests  in 
the  management  of  this  enterprise,  uninfluenced  by  "rings,  "  "jobbery," 
or  "favoritism." 

THE    PRESS. 

The  first  newspaper  established  in  the  county  was  the  Hock  River 
Express.  Its  publication  was  commenced  in  the  village  of  Rockford,  May 
4,  1840,  by  B.  J.  Gray.  It  was  Whig  in  politics.  After  being  published 
one  year,  the  press  and  materials  were  sold  and  removed  from  the  place. 

The  Rockford  Star,  Democratic,  was  started  in  1840,  by  Philander 
Knappen.  This  paper  wa%  run  for  a  little  over  a  year,  when  it  was  trans- 
ferred to  John  A.  Brown,  and  continued  under  the  name  of  the  Rockford 
Pilot. 

Rockford  Pilot.,  Democratic,  was  commenced  July  22,  1841,  by  John 
A.  Brown.  This  paper  was  a  successor  to  the  Star.,  and  was  pul-lished  till 
October,  1842.  During  a  portion  of  this  time,  also  a  Universalist  paper, 
entitled  The  Better  Covenant,  William  Rounseville,  editor,  was  printed  at 
the  Pilot  oflice. 

Winnehago  Forum,  Whig,  established  February,  1843,  by  J.  Ambrose 
Wight,  who  transferred  it  in  the  August  following  to  Austin  Colton.  The 
title  was  afterwards  changed  to  Rockford  Forum.  Mr.  Colton  continued 
its  publisher  for  nearly  eleven  years.  The  establishment  was  purchased  by 
Elijah  W.  Blaisdell,  Jr.,  in  1854,  and  the  name  of  the  paper  was  changed 
to  Rockford  Repuhlican,.  Mr.  Blaisdell  subsequently  took  his  brother, 
Bichard  P.  Blaisdell,  into  partnership,  by  whom  the  paper  was  published 
until  1862,  when  it  was  purchased  by  Elias  C.  Daugherty,  and  merged  into 
the  Rockford  Register,  of  which  he  was  the  proprietor. 

Rockford  Free  Press,  established  in  October,  1848,  by  Henry  W.  De 
Puy,  as  a  free  soil,  or  "Barnburner"  organ.  It  was  published  until  Feb- 
ruary, 1850,  when  it  was  discontinued  for  want  of  patronage. 

Rock  River  Democrat,  establislied  in  June,  1852,  as  a  Democratic  paper, 
by  Benjamin  Holt,  in  which  David  T.  Dickson  afterwards  purchased  an 
interest.  In  1855,  Rhenodyne  A.  Bird  purchased  the  interest  of  Mr.  Holt. 
The  Democrat  was  published  l)y  Messrs.  Dickson  &  Bird  until  May  1,  1864, 
when  it  was  purchased  by  Isaiah  S.  Hyatt,  who  continued  its  publication 
until  June  12,  1865,  when  the  office  was  sold  to  the  present  Register  Com- 
pany. 

Rockford  Register,  established  February,  1855,  as  a  Republican  paper, 
by  EHas  C.  Daugherty,  who  continued  its  publication  until  June  12,  1865, 
when  the  entire- establishment,  and  also  the  Rock  River  Democrat  ofiice, 
were  purchased  by  a  joint  stock  company,  known  as  the  Rockford  Register 
Company,  by  whom  it  has  been  published  to  the  present  time. 

Rockford  Wesleyan  Seminary  Reporter.,  a  monthly  publication,  com- 
menced in  October,  1857.  Only  four  numbers  of  this  paper  were  issued. 
It  was  pul)lif^hed  by  AV.  F.  Stewart,  for  the  Wesleyan  Seminary  Company. 

Democratic  Standard,  established  October  30,  1858,  by  Springsteen 
&  Parks,  as  a  Democratic  organ.  After  three  or  four  weeks,  the  Standard 
was  published  by  Henry  Parks,  alone,  until  February  5,  1859,  when  David 
G.  Croly  became  proprietor  of  the  establishment.  On  the  18th  of  May  fol- 
lowing, the  proprietorship  was  changed  to  D.  G.  Croly  &  Co.,  John  H. 
Grove  being  known  as  the  "Co."     On  the  suspension  of  the  News,  April 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO   COITNTY.  385 

30,  1860,  and  the  withdrawal  of  Mr.  Croly,  the  pnl)lication  of  the  Standard 
was  continued  by  John  H.  Grove  and  James  S.  Ticknor,  for  a  few  months, 
wh-n  it  was  sold  tp  James  E.  and  Joseph  II.  Fox,  who  established  the 
Daihi  News,  liepublican,  issuing  the  first  number  on  the  10th  of  Decem- 
ber, i860.  In  a  few  weeks  they  also  commenced  the  issue  of  The  Weekly 
JVews.  The  publication  of  the  News  was  continued  until  Sept.  21,  1861, 
when  the  establishment  was  sold  to  Elias  C.  Daugherty,  of  the  Register^ 
and  its  further  publication  ceased. 

Dally  Neics,  established  by  David  G.  Croly,  February  S,  1859.  Neu- 
tral in  politics.  The  publication  of  the  News  was  continued  to  April  30, 
1860,  when  it  was  suspended  from  a  lack  of  patronage. 

Daily  Register,  Republican,  established  by  Elias  C.  Daugherty,  June 
1,  1859,  but  discontinued  at  the  end  of  three  months.  Was  renewed  in 
October,  1877. 

Rock  River  Mirror,  neutral  in  politics;  established  September  6, 
1859,  by  Allen  Gibson,  by  whom  it  is  still  published.  Printed  at  the  Reg- 
ister office. 

Rockton  Gazette,  established  at  Rockton,  1857,  by  Funk  &  Phelps. 
Soon  after  its  commencement,  Mr.  Funk  retired,  and  its  publication  was 
continued  for  about  a  year  by  H.  W.  Phelps.  ISTot  being  well  sustained, 
the  office  and  fixtures  were  removed  to  Burlington,  Wisconsin. 

Pecatonica  Independent,  established  May,  1859,  at  Pecatonica,  by  J. 
E.  Duncan.  Its  publication  was  continued  for  a  little  over  a  year,  when  the 
office  was  removed  to  Darlington,  Wisconsin. 

Peoples  Press,  Democratic,  was  established  July  25,  1865,  by  W.  P. 
Furey,  who  published  it  until  May,  1866,  when  a  joint  stock  company  was 
organized,  who  continued  its  publication  until  September  1,  1866,  when  it 
was  discontinued,  having  met  the  same  fate  with  many  of  its  predecessors 
—died  for  want  of  patronage. 

Winnebago  County  Chief.  Republican,  established  JS'ov.  21,  1866,  by 
J.  P.  Irvine,  who  subsequently  admitted  as  a  partner,  Hiram  R.  Enoch. 
This  partnership  continued  till  1870,  when  Mr.  Enoch  bought  out  the  in- 
terest of  Mr.  Irvine,  and  changed  the  name  of  the  paper  to  that  of  the 
Rockford  Journal,  of  which  he  is  still  the  editor  and  publisher.  Mr. 
Enoch  is  an  easy,  graceful,  bold  and  independent  writer,  and,  although  not 
always  popular  witli  the  masses  because  of  his  political  independence  and 
his  disposition  to  call  things  by  their  right  names,  the  Journal  is  always 
sought  after  because  of  its  reliability  as  a  news-^^^Qw  Mr.  Enoch  is  a 
careful  business  man,  and  has  succeeded  in  placing  the  Journal  on  a  sub- 
stantial financial  basis,  and  by  perseverence  and  industry  has  worked  his 
way  up  from  a  settler's  boy  in  1835  to  his  present  position,  as  manager  and 
editor  of  a  newspaper  whose  influence  is  acknowledged  throughout  the 
countr3\ 

Rockford  Gazette,  Republican,  established  November,  1866,  by  I.  S. 
Hyatt,  who  continued  its  publication  until  September,  1867,  when  it  was 
sold  to  A.  E.  and  W.  E.  Smith,  its  present  proprietors. 

Words  for  Jesus,  monthly,  a  religious  publication,  commenced  (3cto- 
ber,  1867.  by  Thos.  J.  and  Hugh  Lamont:     Printed  at  the  Register  office. 

Golden  Censer,  semi-monthly,  a  religious  paper,  John  Lemley  editor, 
established  April,  1868.     Printed  at  the  Register  office. 

In  addition  to  these,  The  Spirit  Advocate,  a  monthly  issue  advocating 
the   Spiritual   doctrines,   was   published    1854   and    1855,  printed  at   the 


386  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COTJNTT. 

Repullican  office.     Dr.  George  Haskeli  and  Henry  P.   Kimball  were  its 
editors  and  chief  supervisors. 

Leaves  from  T^  or  est  Hill,  ?^.  monthly,  was  published  for  some  time 
during  the  school  year,  by  the  young  ladies  ot  Rockford  Female  Seminary. 

OFFICIAL  EECORD. 

The  following  is  a  complete  official  record  of  the  State  Senators,  Rep- 
resentatives, Delegates  to  Constitutional  Conventions,  Circuit  Judges, 
Clerks  of  the  Circuit  Courts,  County  Commissioners,  County  Justices, 
Clerks  of  County  Court,  County  Clerks,  Judges  of  Probate,  State's  Attor- 
neys, Sheriffs,  Coroners,  Recorders.  School  Commissioners  and  Superin- 
tendents, County  Treasurers,  County  Surveyors,  Masters  in  Chancery,  and 
Chairmen  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  in  the  order  here  named,  who  have 
served  the  people  in  these  various  capacities  since  the  first  election,  Mon- 
day, Aug.  1, 1836.  As  a  means  of  ready  reference,  this  record  will  prove 
invaluable. 

State  Senators. — Anson  S.  Miller,  elected  1846;  Alfred  E.  Ames, 
1848;  Thos.  B.  Talcott,  1850;  Wait  Talcott,  1854;  Zenas  S.  Aplington, 
1858;  Cornelius  Lansing,  1862  to  1866;  A.  C.  Fuller,  1866;  re-elected 
1870,  with  John  Early,  under  the  new  constitution  of  1870  giving  the  old 
senatorial  districts  an  additional  member.  In  1872,  Mr.  Early  was  again 
elected,  and  continued  as  senatorial  representative  until  his  death  in  August, 
1877.     His  last  term  would  have  expired  November,  1878. 

Representatives. — Germanicus  Kent,  elected  1838;  Darius  Adams, 
1842;  Anson  S.  Miller,  1844;  Robt.  J.  Cross,  1846;  Wilson  H.  Crandall, 
1848;  Horace  Miller,  1850;  Abraham  I,  Enoch,  1852;  Wm.  Lyman,  1854; 
Wm.  Lathrop,  1856;  E.  W.  Blaisdell,  Jr.,  1858;  Alfred  E.' Hale,  1860; 
Sclden  M.  Church,  1862;  Wm.  Brown,  1864;  Abraham  L  Enoch,  1866; 
Ephraim  Sumner,  1868;  D.  E.  Adams  and  Jas.  M.  Wight,  1870;  R.J. 
Cross,  D.  J.  Stewart  and  Jesse  S.  Hildrup,  1872.  Cross  died  in  1873;  R. 
F.  Crawford  succeeded  to  the  vacancy.  R.  F.  Crawford,  Andrew  Ashton, 
and  M.  K.  Avery,  1874;  Andrew  Ashton,  George  H.  Hollister  and  John 
Budlong,  1876. 

senatorial  and  representative  districts. 

Previous  to  1840,  the  Districts  of  which  Winnebago  County  formed  a 
part  included  all  the  tract  of  country  bounded  by  a  line  commencing  at  the 
northwest  corner  of  the  State  of  Illinois  (several  miles  north  and  west  of 
Galena),  and  running  thence  along  the  Mississippi  river  to  a  point  far  be- 
low Rock  Island;  thence  easterly  across  the  country  tu  a  point  from  whence 
the  line  ran  north  to  the  southern  line  of  Wisconsin,  at  the  northeost  corner 
of  Winnebago  County,  and  enclosing  the  entire  Rock  River  Yalley,  in  Illi- 
nois, as  well  as  a  large  extent  ot  country  below  the  mouth  of  Rock  river. 
These  vast  Districts,  extending  from  Dubuque  almost  to  St.  Louis,  were 
respectively  entitled  to  two  representatives  and  one  senator.  One  of  these 
representatives  was  conceded  to  AVinnebago  County  as  early  as  1838 — be- 
fore she  liad  attained  the  age  ot  two  years — as  appears  by  the  election  of 
Mr.  Kent.  Under  the  apportionment  of  1840,  and  before  she  had  arrived  at 
the  fourth  year  of  her  existence,  sO  rapid  had  been  the  increase  of  popula- 
tion that  Winnebago  alone  was  made  a  representative  district,  and  so  has 


c^  ya^rc^-'^iA^^^'^^ 


CO  SUP'T  OF  SCHOOLS. 
ROCKFORD. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  389 

continued  under  all  the  apportionments  since  made.  She  constitutes  at 
this  time  the  Fifty -lit'th  representative  district.  The  counties  of  Winne- 
bao-o  and  Ou'le  Avere  made  a  senatorial  district  under  the  apportionment  of 
ISio;  Winnebago,  Melicnry  and  Boone,  under  the  new  constitution  in 
1847;  AV^innebago,  Boone,  Ogle  and  Carroll,  under  the  apportionment  of 
1854;  and  AVinnebago,  Boone,  Mclienry  and  Lake,  under  the  apportion- 
ment of  1S61,  and  Winnebago  and  Boone  under  the  apportionment  of 
1870-1,  and  is  now  known  as  the  Ninth  District. 

Delkgatks. — Delegates  to  the  convention  of  1847,  to  frame  a  new  con- 
stitution for  the  State,  Eobt.  J.  Cross  and  Selden  M.  Church;  delegate  to 
convention  in  1862,  Porter  Sheldon;  delegate  to  convention  in  1870,  R.  J. 
Cross. 

Circuit  Judges. — Dan  Stone  of  Galena,  1836  to  1841;  Thomas  C. 
Browne,  of  Chicago,  1841  to  1847;  Jesse  B.  Thomas,  of  Chicago,  1847  to 
1848;  Hugh  T.  'Dickey,  of  Cliicago,  1848  to  1849;  Hugh  Henderson,  of 
Joliet,  184i)  to  1851;  Benj.  E.  Sheldon,  of  Galena,  1851  to  1870;  Wm.  M. 
Brown,  1870;  •■Wm.  W.  Heaton,  of  Dixon,  July,  1877;  Joseph  M.  Bailey, 
of  Freeport,  July,  187*7. 

Winnebago  has  belonged  to  a  circuit  covering  at  first  a  large  number 
of  counties,  and  even  as  lately  as  1851,  as  will  be  seen,  extending  from  the 
Mississippi  to  Lake  Michigan,  but  gradually  diminishing  as  population  in- 
creased and  required  more  compact  districts,  until  it  now  only  includes  the 
three  counties  of  Jo  Daviess,  Stephenson  and  Winnebago. 

Clerks  of  the  Circuit  Court. — Jas.  Mitchell,  1836  to  1846;  Jason 
Marsh,  1846  to  1847;  Chas.  H.  Spaflbrd,  1847  to  1856;  Morris  B.  Derrick, 
1856  to  1860;  O.  A.  Pennoyer,  1860  to  1864;  Win.  JST.  Capwell,  1864  to 
1868;  Evans  Blake,  1868  to  1876;  T.  M.  Butler,  1876  to  1880. 

County  Commissioners, — Thomas  B.  Talcott,  1836  to  1841;  Simon  P. 
Dotv,  1836  to  1837;  William  E.  Dunbar,  1836  to  1842;  Herman  B.  Potter, 
1837  to  1838;  Elijah  H.  Brown,  1838  to  1840;  Ezra  S.  Cable,  1840  to 
1846;  William  Hulin,  1841  to  1844;  Spencer  Post,  1842  to  1848;  Samuel 
Cunningham,  1844  to  1847;  John  M.  Hulett,  1846  to  1849;  Puchmond  L. 
Hudson,  1847  to  1849;  Abraham  I.  Enoch,  1848  to  1849. 

The  County  Commissioners'  Court  was  abolished  by  the  new  constitu- 
tion, and  the  County  Court  succeeded  it. 

County  Justices. — Selden  M.  Church,  judge,  1849  to  1857;  Anson  S. 
Miller,  judge,  1857  to  1865;  Abram  S.  Van  Dyke,  judge,  1865;  Stephen 
Mack,  associate  justice,  1849  to  1850;  David  Weld,  associate  justice,  1849 
to  1853;  Henry  Putnam,  associate  justice,  1850  to  1853;  Asher  Beach,  asso- 
ciate justice,  1853  to  1857;  Alfred  E.  Hale,  associate  justice,  1853  to  1857; 
William  R.  Weld,  associate  justice,  1857  to  1865;  James  A.  Wilson,  asso- 
ciate justice,  1S57  to  1861;  Abram  S.  Van  Dyke,  associate  justice,  1861  to 
1865;  John  R.  Herring,  associate  justice,  1865;  Chandler  A.  Dunwell, 
associate  justice,  1865. 


*By  aa  act  of  the  General  Assembly,  in  force  July  1,  1877,  the  First  Judicial  Circuit,  of 
which  Winnebago  County  formed  a  part,  was  consolidated  with  the  Third  Circuit,  and  made 
the  Thirteenth  Circuit,  and  an  additional  judge  elected  for  the  new  circuit.  Under  this  act, 
J  udge  Heaton,  formerly  of  the  Third  Circuit,  and  Judge  Bailey,  elected  July  1, 1877,  pursuant 
to  the  provisions  of  the  act,  became  judges  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Winnebago  County. 

2VA 


390  mSTORT   OF   WINNEBAGO   COtTNTf. 

Clerk  of  the  Cou^ttt  CorKT. — William  Hiilin,  1849.  The  County 
Court,  composed  of  one  county  judge  and  two  associate  justices,  had  charge 
of  the  county  business  as  the  successor  of  the  County  Commissioners' 
Court,  until  the  organization  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  in  1850.  The 
associate  justices  then  ceased  to  be  members  of  the  County  Court,  but  are 
still  elected  once  in  four  years,  as  justices  of  the  peace  for  the  county  at 
large.  The  judge  of  the  County  Court  is  the  probate  judge  for  the  county, 
and  under  a  law  passed  in  1854,  had  jurisdiction  in  law  and  chancery  until 
1863. 

County  Cleeks. — Don  Alonzo  Spaulding,  1836  to  1837;  Nathaniel 
Loomis,  1837  to  1838;  Anson  Barnum,  1838  to  1840;  Selden  M.  Church, 
1840  to  1847;  Benjamin  A.  Kose,  1847  to  1849;  "William  Hulin,  1849  to 
Aprils,  1855;  Duncan  Ferguson,  !l855  to  1856;  E.  S.  Gaylord,  1856  to 
1867;  I.  S.  Hyatt,  1867  to  1869;  B.  F.  Lee,  1869  to  1877.  Candidate  for 
re-election,  November,  1877. 

Under  the  old  constitution,  this  officer  was  clerk  of  the  County  Com- 
missioners' Court.  Since  the  fall  of  1849,  he  has  been  clerk  of  the  County 
Court  and  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  to  1855.  A  separate  clerk  of  the 
Board  of  Supervisors  has  been  appointed  by  the  board  since  1855,  under 
special  act  of  the  Legislature. 

JUDGES  OF  Pkobate. — Miltou  Kilburn,  1836  to  1837;  Charles  I.  Hors- 
man,  1837  to  1838;  Anson  Barnum,  1838  to  1841;  John  W.  Tavlor,  1841 
to  1843;  Bela  Shaw,  1843  to  1849;  Selden  M.  Church,  1849  to  1857;  An- 
son S.Miller,  1857  to  1865;  Abram  S.  Yan  Dyke,  1865  to  1873. 

Van  Dyke  resigned  during  the  year  1873,  and  B.  C.  Bailey  was 
appointed  to  the  vacancy.  In  November  of  that  year  he  was  elected  to  the 
office,  which  he  held  until  the  election  in  November,  1877,  when  he  was  a 
candidate  for  re-election. 

Previous  to  1837,  a  judge  of  probate  was  appointed  for  each  county  by 
the  Legislature.  In  1837  the  office  was  made  elective,  with  the  title  of 
"Probate  Justice  of  the  Peace,"  to  be  filled  by  a  vote  of  the  people.  The 
new  constitution  brought  this  court  to  an  end,  and  transferred  its  powers 
and  duties  to  the  judge  of  the  County  Court. 

State's  Attorneys.— Shelton  L.  Hall,  1836  to  1842;  Orrin  Miller,  Jr., 
1851  to  1852;  William  Brown,  1852  to  1856;  U.  D.  Meacham,  1856  to  1860; 
Smith  D.  Atkins,  1860  to  1864;  F.  C.  Ingalls  1864  to  1868;  D.  W.  Jack- 
son, 1868  to  1872;  John  C.  Garver,  1872  to  1876.  Carver  was  -re-elected, 
November,  1876 

There  were  other  persons  in  the  office  between  1842  and  1851,  but  this 
officer  being  the  prosecuting  attorney  fur  the  circuit,  it  is  only  proposed  to 
name  here  such  incumbents  as  resided  in  the  county. 

Sheriffs. — Daniel  S.  Haight,  1836  to  1838;  Isaac  N.  Cunningham, 
1838  to  1842;  Goodyear  A.  Sanford,  1842  to  1844;  Anson  Barnum,  1844 
to  1846;  Hiram  P.'Maynard,  1846  to  1850;  Peter  B.  Johnson,  1850  to 
1852;  King  H.  Milliken,  1852  to  1854;  John  F.  Taylor,  1854  to  1856; 
Samuel  I.  Church,  1856  to  1858;  King  H.  Milliken,  1858  to  1860;  Morris 
J.  Upright,  1860  to  1862;  Hiram  J.  S'awyer,  1862  to  1864;  James  E.  Den- 
nis, 1864  to  L866;  William  Courtright,  1866  to  1868;  Patrick  Flynn,  1868 
to  1872;  Frank  F.  Peats,  1872  to  1876.  Elected  now  to  a  third  term,  No- 
vember, 1876. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  391 

Coroners. — Eliphalet  Gregory,  1836  to  1838;  Cyrus  C.  Jenks,  1838  to 
1840;  Alonzo  Piatt,  1840  to  1841;  Harvey  Gregory,  1841  to  1842;  Na- 
thaniel Loomis,  1842  to  1844;  Arteraas  Hitchcock,  1844  to  1850;  Isaiah 
Lvon,  1850  to  1852;  A.  A.  Chamberlain,  1852  to  1856;  II.  T.  Mesler,  1856 
to  1858;  John  Fisher,  1858  to  1860;  Giles  C.  Hard,  1860  to  1861;  John 
Fisher,  1861  to  1865;  Isaiah  Lyon,  1865  to  1866;  Halsey  G.  Clark,  1866 
to  1876;  Dr.  J.  D.  Burns,  1876^  for  four  years. 

Recorders.— Daniel  H.Whitnev,  1836  to  1837;  Harvey W.  Bundy,  1837 
to  1839;  William  E.  Dunbar,  1839  to  1843;  William  Hulin,  1843  to  1849; 
Charles  H.  Spafford,  1849  to  1856;  Morris  B.  Derrick,  1856  to  1860;  Oli- 
ver A.  Pennoyer,  1860  to  1864;  William  N.  Capwell,  1S64  to  1868. 

In  1849,  this  office  ceased  to  exist  as  a  separate  department,  being 
united  with  the  circuit  clerk's  office. 

School  Commissioners. — Pichard  Montague,  1837  to  1839;  Herman 
B.  Potter,  1839  to  1841;  Yolney  A.  Marsh,  1841  to  1845;  Goodyear  A. 
Sanford,  1845  to  1847;  W.  A.  Dickerman,  1847  to  1849;  C.  A.  Hunting- 
ton, 1849  to  1857;  Hiram  H.  Waldo,  1857  to  1859;  Silas  Sweet,  1859  to 
1861;  James  B.  Kerr,  1861  to  1863;  Hiram  H.  Waldo,  1863  to  1865; 
Archibald  Andrew,  1865  to  1873. 

During  the  year  1873,  the  office  became  vacant,  and  E.  G.  Stiles  was 
appointed  to  till  out  tlie  unexpired  term.  In  November,  1873,  Mrs.  Mary 
L.  Carpenter  was  elected,  and  filled  the  office  until  the  November 
election,  1877. 

County  Treasurers. — Robert  J.  Cross,  1836  to  1839;  Samuel  D. 
Preston,  1839  to  1843;  Ephraim  Wyman,1843  to  1846;  Hollis  H.Holmes, 
1846  to  1819;  Duncan  Ferguson,  1849  to  1855;  Hiram  P.  Enoch,  1855  to 
1863;  Charles  Works,  1863  to  1867;  J.  E.  Richardson,  1867  to  1870. 

Mr.  Richardson  died  while  in  office,  and  his  brother-in-law,  J.  G. 
Lyford  qualified,  gave  bond,  etc.,  and  filled  the  office  until  1871,  when 
Thomas  W.  Cole  was  elected,  and  is  still  holdino:  the  office. 


'& 


County  Surveyors. — Don  Alonzo  Spaulding,  3  838  to  1839;  John 
Emerson,  1839  to  1841;  Duncan  Ferguson,  1841  to  1855;  T.  J.  L.  Rem- 
ington, 1855,  and  is  still  serving. 

Masters  in  Chancery. — John  W.  Taylor,  Cyrus  F.  Miller,  William 
Brown,  William  Lathrop,  Edward  H.  Baker,  Horace  W.  Taylor. 

Supervisors. — Members  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  are  elected  in 
April  of  each  year.  Following  is  a  list  of  the  chairmen  of  the  several 
Boards  since  the  township  organization  law  went  into  efiect:  David  Weld, 
1850;  Bela  Shaw,  lS5f;  Sylvester  Talcott,  1852,  1853;  Spencer  Post, 
1854;  Luman  Pettibone,  1855;  John  R.  Herring,  1856;  David  F.  Talbot, 
1857,  1858:  Selden  M.  Church,  1859-1864;  Eli'F.  Roberts,  1865;  Selden 
M.  Church,  1866;  Eli  F.  Roberts,  1867;  Robert  J.  Cross,  1868-1872; 
Duncan  Ferguson,  1873-1877. 

When  first  organized,  in  1850,  the  Board  was  composed  of  one  mem- 
ber from  each  township,  making  16  members.  In  1853,  Rockford  was 
given  an  assistant  member.  In  1865,  a  special  act  of  the  Legislature  pro- 
vided for  the  election  of  one  member  from  each  ward  in  the  city  of  Rock- 
ford,  increasing  the  Board  to  23  members. 


392 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


DEATH  S   RECORD. 


Of  the  gentlemen  who  thus  served  the  public  in  official  capacities  the 
following  have  been  called  to  the  enjoyment  of  honors  that  no  people  can 
confer,  and  their  spirits  surround  the  throne  of  ITim  who  controls  the  des- 
tiny of  nations: 

Representatives. — Clermanieus  Kent,  died  in  Virginia,  in  1856;  Wil- 
liam H.  Crandall,  died  in  Howard  township,  Oct.  -i,  1855;  Horace  Miller, 
died  in  Rockford,  August  5,  1865;  William  Lyman,  Rockford,  December 
10,  1865;  Robert  J.  Cross,  Eoscoe,  March,  1873;  Alfred  E.  Hale,  1873. 

Senators. — Zenos  S.  Aplington  was  killed  near  Corinth  during  the  war 
of  the  rebellion;  Cornelius  Lansing,  died  in  1865;  John  Early,  died  in 
August,  1877. 

Constitutional  Delegates. — Robert  J.  Cross,  Roscoe,  March,  1873. 

Circuit  Judges. — Dan.  Stone,  Thomas  C.  Brown,  died  in  California; 
Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Hugh  T.  Dickey,  Hugh  Henderson. 

Clerks  Circuit  Court. — James  Mitchell,  died  at  Freeport. 

County  Commissioners. — William  E.  Dunbar,  died  in  Rockford,  Oc- 
tober 16,  1846;  Elijah  H.  Brown,  Stockton,  California,  August,  1867;  Her- 
man B.  Potter,  Ezra  S.  Cable,  William  Hulin,  Spencer  Post. 

Associate  Judges. — Stephen  Mack,  in  Rockton,  April  10,  1850;  David 
Weld,  in  Seward,  May  2,  1859;  Asher  Beach,  in  Howard,  May  12,  1860; 
Henry  Putnam,  Alfred  E.  Hale. 

County  Clerks. — Nathaniel  Loomis,  Rockford,  July,  1850;  Don 
Alonzo  Spaulding,  Anson  Barnum,  William  Hulin. 

Prolate  Judges. — Milton  Kilburn,  in  Rockford,  February  16,  1863; 
Bela  Shaw,  in  Rockford,  May  31,  1865;  C.  I.  Horsman,  Rockford;  Anson 
Barnum. 

Sheriffs. — Daniel  S.  Haight,  in  Texas,  about  1860;  Isaac  N.  Cnnning- 
ham,  in  Rockford,  December  24,  1865;  Hiram  R.  Maynard,  in  Rockford, 
April  18,  1857;  Peter  B.  Johnson,  in  Cherry  Yalley,  September  20,  1865; 
John  F.  Taylor,  murdered  in  Rockford  by  Alfred  Countrym.an,  Nov.  11, 
1856;  Anson  Barnum,  William  Courtright. 

Coroners. — Alonzo  Piatt,  in  Texas,  about  1854;  Hjirvey  (xregory,  in 
Harlem,  February  7,  1849;  Nathaniel  Loomis,  July,  1850;  Artemas  Hitch- 
cock, in  Rockford,  October  12, 1865;  John  Fisher,  in  Rockford,  January  28, 
1865;  Eliphalat  Gregory,  Cyrus  Jenks. 

Recorders. — Daniel  H.  Whitney,  died  at  Belvidere,  Boone  Countv, 
1862;  William  E.  Dunbar,  October  16,  1846;  H.  W.  Bundv,  William 
Hulin. 

School  Commissioners. — James  B.  Kerr,  died  July  3,  1864,  in  At- 
lanta, Georgia,  from  wounds  received  June  27th,  in  the  battle  of  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Georgia;  he  was  at  that  time  Lieut.  Colcjnel  of  the  74th  Illinois 
Infantry;  H.  B.  Potter,  Silas  Sweet. 

County  Treasurers. — Samuel  D.  Preston,  in  Rockford,  February  11, 
1844;  Holl'is  H.  Holmes,  in  Rockford,  August  12,  1859;  R.  J.  Cross,  Ros- 
coe, March,  1873;  J.  E.  Richardson. 

Chairmen  Board  of  Supervisors. — Robert  J.  Cross,  Roscoe,  March, 
1873.  Of  the  other  members,  an  aggregate  of  nearly  650,  elected  from 
April  1850  to  April  1877,  the  following  is  the  death  list:  Rev.  AVilliam 
Stilwell  was  chosen  Supervisor  of  Burritt  at  the  April  town  meeting,  1850, 
but  died  on  the  12th  of  May  following;    Mr.  Pitkin  was  elected  to  fill  the 


HI8T0ET   OP   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


393 


vacancy;  Alexander  McAflee,  Harlem,  March  24,  1852;  Theodore  S. 
Powell,  Cherry  Valley,  September  28,  1854;  John  J.  Rhodes,  in  Roscoe, 
February  9,  1859;  David  Weld,  Seward,  May  2,  1859;  Bela  Shaw,  Eock- 
ford.  May  31,  1865;  Chauncey  Ray,  Winnebago,  February  16,  1808;  He- 
man  Hoit,  Howard,  May  21,  1861;  William  R.  Forsaith,'  Guilford,  acci- 
dently  killed  April  11,  1868;  Asher  S]iic('r,  New  Milford,  1854;  Iliram  R. 
Maynard,  R«ckford,  April  18,  1857;  Milton  Kilburn,  Rockford,  February 
16,  1863;  Daniel  H.  Smith,  Laona,  December  12,  1864;  James  B.  John- 
son, Rockford,  April  20,  1863;  Lewis  W.  Owen,  of  Owen,  Jan.lO,  1865. 


394 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 


OFFICIAL    YOTE    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY,   1876. 


Presidn't 

Governor 

Lieut. 
Governor 

Secretary 

of 

State. 

Auditor. 

State 
Treasur'r 

Attorn'y 
General. 

TOWNS. 

03 

a 
o 

* 

O 

-«— 

293 

V 

* 
164 

288 

a 
S 

5 
* 

171 

a 

286 

a 
c 

a 

o 

H 
* 

168 

CO 

293 

* 

166 

291 

ci 

a 
167 

15 

tn 

291 

c 
* 

Rockford,  IstDist.. 

290 

170 

167 

Rockford,  2d  Dist.. 

601 

164 

604 

162 

602 

162 

599 

158 

606 

160 

603 

161 

604 

160 

Rockford,  3d  Dist.. 

554 

309 

560 

■306 

559 

306 

519 

303 

561 

305 

560 

304 

560 

304 

Rockford,  4th  Dist.. 

518 

176 

525 

168 

524 

171 

467 

170 

535 

160 

522 

172 

523 

172 

New  Milford 

155 

25 

155 

25 

155 

25 

154 

25 

155 

25 

155 

25 

155 

25 

Roscoe - 

174 
122 
181 

45 
44 
35 

175 
123 
183 

51 
45 
33 

175 
153 
183 

44 
43 
33 

171 
123 
181 

44 
43 
33 

176 
123 
181 

53 
45 
35 

176 
123 
181 

45 
43 
35 

174 
123 
181 

44 

Harlem 

43 

Guilford.. 

34 

Cherry  Valley 

205 

58 

205 

58 

205 

58 

204 

57 

205 

57 

205 

57 

206 

56 

Owen..   

156 
268 
155 
12G 

22 
69 
52 
20 

156 
270 
155 
126 

22 
77 
54 
22 

156 
270 
155 
126 

22 
69 
54 
21 

156 
270 
155 
126 

22 
69 
54 
21 

156 
270 
155 
126 

22 

77 
54 
22 

156 
270 
155 
126 

22 
69 
54 
21 

156 
270 
155 
126 

22 

Rockton 

69 

Seward 

54 

Harrison 

21 

Shirland 

105 

13 

105 

15 

105 

13 

105 

13 

105 

15 

105 

15 

105 

13 

Burritt..- -. 

131 

42 

133 

44 

133 

36 

133 

42 

133 

44 

133 

42 

133 

42 

Winnebago 

194 

97 

197 

93 

194 

96 

190 

96 

194 

94 

194 

96 

194 

96 

Pecatonica 

269 

112 

269 

124 

269 

112 

269 

112 

271 

123 

269 

112 

299 

112 

Durand 

209 

58 

191) 

92 

197 

58 

196 

58 

197 

87 

197 

58 

197 

58 

Laono 

92 

4505 

57 

1568 

90 

4514 

68 
1623 

90 
4509 

58 
1552 

90 
4394 

58 
1546 

90 
4532 

68 
1614 

90 
4511 

58 
1554 

90 

4512 

58 

Total 

1550 

Beside  the  above.  Cooper  received,  for  President,  in  the  Second  District,  2;  Third  Dis- 
trict, 3;  Rockton,  9;  Pecatonica,  13;  Durand,  15 ;  Cherry  Valley,  9;  Harlem,  2;  Burritt,  4; 
Harrison,  1;  Shirhuid,  2:  Seward,  I;  Laona,  9.  Tolal,  70.  Smith  received,  in  Third  District, 
4;  Fourth,  2;  Rockton,  5  ;  Harrison,  2.     Total,  13.  ^ 

For  Governor,  Simpson  received.  Third  District,  3;  Rockton,  5;  Roscoe,  1;  Owen,  2. 
Total.  11     Allen.  New  Milford,  2.    Tolal,  2. 

For  Lieutenant-Governor,  Pickerell  received.  Second  District,  2;  Third  District,  2; 
Rockton,  8;  Pecatonica,  12;  Durand,  28;  Roscoe,  8;  Burritt,  2;  Harrison,  1;  Shirland,  2; 
Laona,  10.  Total,  75.  McCormick,  Third  District,  4;  Fourth,  1;  Rockton,  3;  Roscoe,  1, 
Harrison,  2.    Total,  13.     French,  2.    Total,  2. 

For  Secretary  of  State,  Hooton  received,  Third  District,  2;  Fourth,  3;  Pecatonica,  6; 
Durand,  12;  Winnebago,  28;  Harlem,  8;  Guilford,  2;  Harrison,  2;  Shirland,  1;  Seward,  2; 
Laona,  10.  Total,  76.  Lament,  First  District,  6 ;  Second,  7 ;  Third,  46 ;  Fourth,  60 ;  Rockton, 
7 ;  Roscoe,  10 ;  Guilford,  1 ;  New  Milford,  1 ;  Harlem,  2.  Total,  140.  Robinson,  New  Mil- 
ford, 2.    Total,  2. 

For  State  Auditor,  Hoofstiller  received,  Third  District,  3 ;  Rockton,  5 ;  Harrison,  2 ; 
Total,  10.    Wallace,  New  Milford,  2.     Total,  2. 

For  State  Treasurer,  Aspern  received.  Second  District,  2 ;  Third,  3 ;  Rockton,  8 ;  Peca- 
tonica, 12;  Durand,  28;  Roscoe,  8;  Harlem,  2;  Burritt,  2;  Harrison,  2;  Guilford,  2;  Laona, 
10.  Total,  78.  Van  Dorn,  Third  District,  4 ;  Fourth,  1 ;  Rockton,  5 ;  Harrison,  2.  Total, 
12.    Pettengall,  2.    Total,  2. 

For  Attorney-General,  Coy  received.  Second  District,  2;  Third,  3;  Rockton,  8;  Peca- 
tonica, 12 ;  Durand,  28 ;  Roscoe,  8 ;  Harlem,  2 ;  Burritt,  2 ;  Harrison,  1 ;  Guilford,  2 ;  Laona, 
10.  Total,  78.  Copp,  Third  District,  4 ;  Fourth,  1 ;  Rockton,  5 ;  Roscoe,  3 ;  Harrison,  2. 
Total,  15.     Snyder,  2.    Total,  2. 

*  Democrat.        f  Republican. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


395 


W 


o 
c  o     . 


»^ 


i     ?5  CO 

S.s;   '^ 


35 

c/: 

w 

^ 

n 

TO 

2  e- 


^ 

^ 

CO 

rs 

<; 

o 

o 

■* 

o 

P    JO 


Wtz! 


o 


< 


w 


f=  P  c  o 


5  o 


'-'•  -!     '■''     iJ 


WW 
o  o 
o  o 


aw 


<l 


fO   !>  O   O^  O   O' 


O    rf:^  CO  to  h-i 


O 

CO 


i_i,  1— I  CO  1— ^  I— k 

To         C5  -3  lO  to  >t>.  ^  to  0(  ~5  JO  or  CO  rf^  Ol  to  -;3  O  O  05 

S         O  to  ^  CT  ><^  O  to  4^  -1  to  -3  O^  wT  1^  ^^  g^  >f^^fj^ 


*Dean. 


)■o^o^-l|-^H-'l-^l-'^^|-^^l-*^-^-^'-'O^C7lQTCO 
OO*-«0h(^>-^tOh;^C,TOl«>00tO-IOl00JG0O 
OC4i^Cr'l4^lOOO'COOI'<!tOi-'Oi-'>-'-aO-3C 


fLatlirop. 


itOOl-3i-^OT03C0C;Tl-'00OT*'tO 
1-  Oi  hU.  C5  OOTO-jtO^'— O"^!-^ 


*Farnsw'ortli. 


o3^ 


o 


CO  -I  tf^  J^  1-^  ' 


^^     ^                00 -5  CO  00    fHurlbut. 
i-i  to  o  to-3C;Ttocstoo>fc-^'^ 


.:*-    I     .^ 


i-'tocoa^i-^tototojotoostoh^iotooog^    f  Hollister. 

— 'j-ooo«o-a^-'00oo-jo-3=o^'0^toou7io      i 


1^(4-        t^--  t^t-^ 


^j.^SiUh-^i-'        H-^IO        1— iC0tOi-i>-itOCrtCihf^>f»- 

5S.OT-3QOCH*»COtOOOC5-3  0COOh;^lOC; 

owSoJo^t^wtocoi^icioi'-ocoootoioo. 


fBudlong. 


£;oo;Stotoogo9i-^ocoo5-aooj:^co|-^ 


*0  CO  CO  to 
£S2o^OOC5t>5o*^Hl^MC50llOC50 


*Ashlon. 


I —  tw  —  I — . —  -— ■ —  ■ —  zckf^ht^tc     +Rnt,ler 
^-i^Iootooi-'-atocpgp-qtocitpOfT'GDO      i-i^uuii. 


!  S  S  to  :=i  o  5oGoc^o2:3oa5;g:o.rf^^o 


^_i         ;_t  H-L  00  ij:^  to  H^ 

mt^(!j0C>Oli-J-C0C0tO*>-CD&04^C;»OI00O1O5CO 


*GeiTOuld. 


x?^^a^_L^--'.^-l^-»^-'tOl-'■tOl-l^-^l-»•^-'*^^^■0^tO 
c£>OC5-3oOtO*-C;ii-'0-3lO-3*-OtOI«>^ 

O  mSSoiH^^blS'-^OOO'-O^tOOOOOOOtJ^tO 


fPeats. 


t-l 


o9 


CT-dO-^COl-^l-'CrTOT         '^Wt^t^tOtOlOOW 
O  ^ioi -3  CO  O^OCCCOC;TOCOOO^^^^^O^^^ 


*McDonald. 


CO  CT  O  1+-  O  4^  OI  -1  C5  4^  O  1-^  to  00  t;^  to  CO  CO  to 


:);Weaver. 


o      cooSooooSc^SSroSioocTgoioo 
i^  I    ooooStoc--(Osc^OCaOT^&oo-30^0'-' 


l-i  CO  i-t  i-» 
C»QOtOOhf>.>-^tOC;iOOlOOTl4^rf^C;itO-;30ClC2 

^^£:ot-^oitot<^oto-icooooc;'>f^-^><-'=g 


*Ransom. 


i-j.f^Dcotoi-ii-'i-'ioooi-'toioi-iioi-^csQo^if^     +Grarver. 


pi 


a 


Att'y. 


o 
o 


396 


HISTOKT   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


A  TABULAE  STATEMENT 
Showixg  the  Totals  of  Personal  and  Real   Property  of  Winnebago 

CoUNTi',  FOR    THE    YEAR    1S77. 

Compiled  froTTh  the  Tax  Duplicate  of  the  County  Cleric. 


PERSONAL  PROPERTY. 


Horses  of  ail  ages 

Cattle  of  all  ages --. 

Mules  and  Asses  of  all  ages 

Sheep  of  all  ages 

Hogs  of  all  ages 

Steam  Engines,  including  Boilers 

Fire  or  Burglar-Proof  Safes 

Billiard,  Pigeon  Hole,  Bagatelle  or  other  similar  Tables. 

Carriages  and  Wagons  of  whatsoever  kind 

Watches  and  Clocks 

Sewing  or  Knitting  Machines 

Piano  Fortes 

Melodeons  and  Organs 

Annuities  and  Royalties 

Patent  Rights _ ._ 

Steamboats,  etc 

Merchandise 

Material  and  Manufactured  xlrticles 

Manufacturers'  Tools,  Implements  and  Machinery 

Agricultural  Tools,  Implements  and  Machinery 

Gold  and  Silver  Plate  and  Plated  Ware 

Diamonds  and  .Jewelry 

Monej's  of  Banks,  Bankers,  Brokers,  etc 

Credits  of  Banks,  Bankers,  Brokers,  etc , 

Moneys  of  other  than  Bankers,  etc 

Credits  of  other  than  Bankers,  etc 

Bonds  and  Stocks 

Shares  of  Capital  Stock  of  Companies  not  of  this  State . . 

Propertj^  of  Corporations  not  before  enumerated 

Property  of  Saloons  and  Eating  Bouses 

Household  and  Office  Furniture 

Investments  in  Real  Estate  and  Improvements  thereon.. 

All  other  Personal  Property •. 

Shares  of  Stock  of  State  or  National  Banks 


10,258 

2o,iyi 

196 

11,673 

28,156 

17 

82 

20 

4,706 

2,861 

2,586 

434 


Total  Value  of  Personal  Property. 


RAILROAD  PROPERTY. 


Personal  Property 

Lands,  in  acres 

Lots 


LANDS. 


Improved  Lands,  in  acres*  . . 
Unimproved  Lands,  in  acres. 


TOWN  AND  CITY  LOTS. 


Improved  Town  and  City  Lots 

Unimproved  Town  and  City  Lots. 


ToT-'i.L  Value  of  All  Property  -\s  Assessed. 


299,765 
22,451 


5,762 

1,783 


^<> 


.^83  60 

8  66 

37  4J 

1  01 

2  36 
250  00 

49 
60  00 
22  08 
5  44 
10  21 
66  00 
24  29 


25  60 
71  50 


17  70 
10  90 


389  45 
40  70 


<> 


$344,636 

218,272 

7,331 

11,799 

66,459 

4,250 

4,037 

1,200 

103,925 

15,575 

26,401 

28,644 

12,707 

1,600 

2,935 

75 

337,781 

101,956 

55,945 

62,555 

4,057 

630 

21,281 

52,625 

147,795 

655,115 

2,325 

5ao 

25 
345 

247,588 

1,530 

73,063 

239,600 


§2,854.642 


2,130 

1,075 

715 


5,306,684 
244,968 


2,244,046 
72,579 


$10,726,839 


♦Acres  of  Wheat,  6,669 ;  of  Corn,  80,532;   of  Oats,  41,914;   of  Meadow,  30,481;    of  other  Field  Products, 
17,332;  of  Inclosed  Pasture,  62,615;  of  Orchard,  2,713;  of  Wood  Land,  26,057. 


ROCKFORD 


HISTOKY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  399 

ROCKFORD. 

The  liistorj  of  this  city  and  the  County  of  Winnebago  are  so  closely 
interwoven  that  it  is  somewhat  difficult  to  draw  a  line  of  distinction  between 
them.  It  was  here  the  lirst  settlement  w^as  made,  in  1834,  the  first  stores 
and  trading  places  opened,  here  the  first  Post-office  M'as  established,  and,  in 
fact,  it  was  here  the  county  commenced.  From  here  the  settlements 
extended  outward  to  the  different  sections  of  what  is  now  Winnebago 
County.  To  attempt  a  separate  and  distinct  history  of  Rockford  would  be 
to  recapitulate  or  repeat  in  a  great  measure  what  has  already  been  written; 
hence,  with  a  few  references  to  some  minor  subjects,  we  will  pass  to  a  review 
of  the  manufacturing  enterprises  and  industries  that  have  been  built  up, 
and  that  are  in  successful  operation  at  Rockford. 

In  the  fall  of  1834,  Germanicus  Kent  extended  an  invitation  to  a  num- 
ber of  his  Southern  friends  to  join  his  colony  at  Midway,  a  name  he 
seems  to  have  given  to  the  settlement  commenced  bj  himself  and  Mr. 
Blake.  This  name,  it  is  to  be  supposed,  was  suggested  by  the  fact  that  it 
just  about  half  way  between  Chicago  and  Galena.  By  the  Indians  the 
place  was  known  as  Rock  ford — a  name  suggested  to  them  by  nature.  At 
or  near  the  site  of  the  present  dam,  there  was  a  solid  rock  bottom,  where 
the  water  was  generally  shallow  enough  in  ordinary  seasons  to  afford  easy 
crossing  with  their  ponies,  and  was  therefore  known  to  them  as  the  Rock 
ford.  And  just  here  it  will  not  be  out  of  place  to  remark  that  Indians,  of 
whatever  tribe,  always  name  an  object — no  matter  what  it  may  be — after 
that  of  which  it  most  reminds  them  on  first  sight.  Several  of  the  states  of 
the  American  Union  bear  Indian  names,  as,  for  instance,  Alabama,  Arkan- 
sas, Missouri,  Mississippi,  Ohio,  Massachusetts,  etc.  The  significance  of 
these  names  will  be  found  in  the  first  pages  of  this  book,  and  will  be  of 
great  convenience  to  the  reader.  Tradition  tells  us  that  when  the  Southern 
Indians  first  beheld  the  territory  of  Alabama  it  w^as  blooming  with  flowers, 
and  so  delighted  them  that  their  chiefs  exclaimed,  "Al-a-bam-a,"  meaning 
"Here  we  rest."  And  so  on,  ad  irifnitum.  Wherever  the  Indians  have 
roved,  they  left  names  far  more  appropriate  and  suggestive  than  any  ever 
bestowed  by  their  pale-faced  followers.     But  to  return  to  Rockford. 

Among  other  old  neighbors  and  accjuaintances  in  Alabama  to  whom 
Mr.  Kent  wrote  was  Mr.  James  B.  Martyn.  In  that  letter,  in  directing 
Mr.  Martyn  huw  to  reach  Midway,  Mr.  Kent  said: 

"At  Galena,  call  on  my  brother.  From  Galena  go  directly  east  until 
you  come  to  and  cross  Apple  River,  thence  turn  in  a  south-easterly  course 
to  Plumb  River,  and  from  there  to  Cherry  Grove.  There  leave  some  tim- 
ber on  your  left,  and  a  small  grove  on  your  right  (afterwards  known  as 
Twelve  Mile  Grove),  and  then  keep  on  until  you  strike  Rock  River,  from 
which  a  blind  path  will  guide  you  to  Midway." 

This  was  all  the  guide  Mr.  Martyn  had,  but  it  conducted  him  to  Mid- 
way, which  name,  late  in  1835,  was  abandoned  for  Rockford. 

In  October,  1837,  a  post-office  was  established,  and  Daniel  S.  Haight 
was  appointed  Post  Master.  Previous  to  this  time,  the  settlers  received 
their  mail  either  at  Galena  or  Chicago — more  generally  at  the  latter  place. 
The  first  mail  bag  received  at  Rockford  was  unaccompanied  by  a  key,  and 
consequently  could  not  be  opened,  and  was  sent  back.     The  second  week  in 

2a 


400  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

October,  1835,  another  bag  of  mail  matter  came  along,  this  time  all  right. 
It  was  opened  bj  Giles  C.  Hard,  who  assisted  Post  Master  Haight  in  dis- 
tributing the  mail.  In  a  short  time  after  this  important  event  in  the  his- 
tory of  Eockford,  Post  Master  Haight  built  a  10x12  frame  building  on 
Main  street,  a  few  rods  south  of  *State  street,  which  served  as  a  post-office 
for  some  time.  In  those  days  the  mail  was  often  so  small  that  Haight's 
pocket  would  have  served  just  as  well  for  a  post-office  as  a  10x12  building. 
Put  not  so  now,  as  will  be  shown  a  little  further  along.  Up  to  ,I,anwary,  1838, 
the  mail  was  carried  on  horseback.  The  first  of  that  month,  however,  a 
line  of  four-horse  coaches  was  estal)lished  on  the  road  between  Chicago  and 
Galena,  by  which  the  mail  was  carried  until  the  steam  cars  on  the  Galena 
and  Chicago  Union  liailroad  drove  the  four-horse  stage  coaches  to  other 
routes. 

Just  "forty  years  ago"  the  Pockford  mail  was  carried  in  a  single  mail 
bag  on  h-rseback.  The  post-office  was  a  10x12  frame  building.  October,  187T, 
the  post-office  business  required  a  room  32x90  feet,  the  services  of  six 
clerks,  2,700  boxes,  besides  a  large  general  delivery.  Seven  mails  arrive 
and  depart  daily;  of  newspapers,  five  four-bushel  sacks  are  daily  received. 
The  daily  average  of  letters,  postal  cards,  newspapers,  etc.,  sent  out  is  equal 
to  3,242  pieces,  or  1,833,330  pieces  per  year;  of  letters  and  postal  cards 
per  year,  676,920 ;  registered  letters  sent  out  per  year,  2,600 ;  money  orders 
issued,  $78,000  per  year;  money  orders  paid,  $130,000. 

Petween  the  east  and  west  sides  of  the  river  in  early  days  there  was 
some  rivalry,  and  the  respective  sides  were  sometimes  known  as  "Haight- 
ville"  and  "Kentville."  For  some  time  Don  Alonzo  Spaulding,  who  was 
Government  surveyor,  and  who  also  had  a  small  stock  of  goods  lor  Indian 
trade,  cast  his  fortunes  with  Kent  and  Plake,  on  the  West  Side,  but  finally 
moved  over  to  Haightville,  much  to  the  joy  and  gratification  of  the  Haight- 
villians.  Mr.  Dunbar,  also  a  West  Sider,  went  over  about  the  same  time. 
These  were  considered  valuable  and  influential  accessions  to  that  side  of  the 
river,  and  new  plans  were  undertaken  in  the  interests  of  East  Pockford,  the 
settlers  but  little  foreseeing  the  fact  that  neither  side  of  the  river  could 
monopolize  the  great  commercial  interests  that  nature  intended  should 
grow  up  at  "Midway." 

In  January,  1836,  Mr.  Js^ent  employed  Mr.  Spaulding  to  establish  two 
or  three  streets  parallel  with  the  river  on  the  AVest  Side.  Says  Mr.  Spauld- 
ing in  speaking  of  this  survey:  "There  were  probably  ten  or  twelve  blocks, 
the  corners  of  which  were  defined  by  stakes.  In  the  spring  of  1836,  sev- 
eral persons  interested  in  the  east  side  of  the  river  wished  me  to  lay  off 
the  beginning  of  their  town.  After  making  a  preliminary  examination,  I 
found  that  I  could  not  make  the  front  street,  or  street  next  the  river,  on 
the  most  suitable  ground  and  have  the  cross  streets  correspond  with  the 
streets  on  the  west  side  of  the  river.  I  then  examined  what  I  had  done  on 
the  west  side  of  the  river,  and  found  that  they  could  be  changed  so  as  to 
conform  to  the  east  side,  and  as  there  had  been  no  improvement  made 
that  would  be  affected  by  the  small  change  necessary  to  make,  so  that  the 
streets  on  both  sides  of  the  river  would  harmonize  as  though  there  had 
been  no  river  dividing  the  town,  I  talked  with  Mr.  Kent  about  it,  and  ex- 
plained to  him  what  I  conceived  to  be  an   advantage   to  both  sides  of  the 

*State  street  takes  its  name  from  the  state  road  leading  from  Chicago  to  Galena,  Avhich 

was  established  in ,  enters  Rockford  on  the  east,  and  runs  nearly  directly  west  through 

the  city. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  401 

river.  Mr.  Kent  was  unwilling  to  comply  with  mj  wishes,  and  that  accounts 
for  the  a^\'kward  appearance  of  the  streets  on  each  side  of  the  river— if 
extended  across  thej  would  strike  the  side  of  a  block  instead  of  the  street." 
Gradually,  however,  the  rivalry  gave  way,  and  when  the  people  came 
to  know  that  the  very  elements  of  nature  had  conspired  to  establish  the 
site  for  the  building  of  manufactories  on  the  West  Side,  the  rivalry  gave 
way  altogether,  and  the  rival  interests  joined  hands  in  one  grand  purpose  to 
make  Rockford  what  it  has  become — a  grand  '^nanufacturiihg  Gcnter.  But 
experience  was  necessary  to  bring  the  people  up  to  a  complete  realization 
of  what  nature  intended. 

In  the  spring  of  1844  the  Rockford  Hydraulic  Company  was  organ- 
ized, and  the  erection  of  a  dam  commenced.  The  site  selected  was  in  the 
upper  part  of  the  town,  nearly  opposite  the  Kenosha  depot.  The  dam  was 
built  of  timber,  brash,  stone,  and  gravel,  and  its  construction  completed 
under  the  supervision  of  C.  C  Coburn,  a  gentleman  of  some  notoriety  as  a 
dam  builder,  of  Wisconsin.  A  purchase  was  made  by  the  company  of  a 
hirge  tract  of  timber  on  the  east  side,  and  about  all  the  available  teams  in 
the  village  and  its  surroundings  were  engaged,  flat  boats  built  and  brought 
into  requisition  to  furnish  the  stone  and  gravel,  which  were  excavated  prin- 
cipally from  the  west  bank  of  the  river,  above  where  the  dam  was  built. 
Rapid  progress  was  made  in  its  construction,  and  by  the  following  spring 
the  structure  was  said  to  be  comjJeted. 

Simultaneous  with  the  construction  of  the  dam  work  was,  progressing 
on  the  race  on  the  east  side,  which  extended  from  the  dam  a  distance  of 
two  blocks  below  State  street.  While  this  work  was  in  progress,  companies 
were  being  formed  for  manufacturing  purposes,  and  buildings  began  to  be 
erected.  First  on  the  works  was  a  saw  mill,  close  to  the  dam,  put  up  by 
Messrs.  L.  B.  Gregory  and  A.  C.  Spaftbrd,  under  the  firm  name  of  Gregory 
cfe  Spafford.  Next  on  the  I'ace,  and  just  at  the  end  of  the  bridge,  on  State 
street,  a  grist  mill  was  built  by  Mr.  Nettleton,  who  deserves  the  reputation 
of  being  the  "  pioneer  miller  of  Rockford."  Next  below  this  mill  was  a 
woolen  factory,  or  fulling  mill,  which  was  built  and  conducted  by  Mr.  J.  B. 
Howell.  Below  this  factory,  and  at  the  terminus  of  the  race,  was  another 
saw  mill  in  successful  operation,  owned  and  conducted  by  Messrs.  Wheeler 
tfc  Lyon. 

Tiiis  was  about  the  extent  of  manufactures  on  the  East  Side.  The  com- 
pany then  directed  its  enterprise  to  the  West  Side,  and  accordingly  a  very 
wide  race  was  laid  out,  with  a  temporary  terminus  on  Mulberry  street,  one 
block  north  of  State,  and  sutticiently  far  from  the  river  to  admit  of  the 
erection  of  factory  buildings  between.  The  work  on  this  was  prosecuted 
with  like  energy,  and  successfully  carried  out,  and  a  third  saw  mill  built  at 
the  bulk-head,  close  to  the  dam,  by  Messrs.  Robertson  &  Flolland,  and  near 
by  the  terminus  of  the  race,  the  first  foundry  and  machine  shop  was  built 
and  conducted  by  Ethan  Clark,,  the  remains  of  which  still  bid  defiance  to 
time — one-half  of  the  old  stone  building  remaining  just  north  of  the  city 
bridge,  as  tlie  last  monument  of  the  former  water  works. 

Scarcely  had  the  dam  been  pronounced  finished  when  it  was  discovered 
by  its  continued  settling  and  leakage,  that  more  timber  was  necessary  to 
raise  the  head  or  stop  the  leakage,  and  the  company  began  to  look  around 
for  more  material.  Rockford  at  that  time  presented  the  appearance  of  a 
young  city  in  a  beautiful  forest,  so  splendidlv  was  it  shaded  with  lovely 
young  native  trees.     But  nature  must  succumb  to  art,  and  for  the  purpose 


402  mSTOKY  OF  WINNEBAGO  COUNTY. 

of  filling  up  the  successive  breaches  in  the  dam,  the  embryo  city  was  de- 
spoiled of  its  native  ornaments  until  scarcely  a  shrub  could  be  found.  The 
company  persevered,  but  the  rush  of  waters  was  triumphant  as  each  suc- 
cessive spring  flood  occurred,  and  the  frail  structure  yielded,  leaving  not 
only  the  company,  but  the  entire  population,  alternating  between  hope  and 
despair,  as  to  manufacturing  success,  as  freshet  succeeded  freshet.  On  the 
first  day  of  June,  1850,  all  the  citizens  might  have  been  seen  lining  each 
bank  of  the  river,  with  sad  and  dejected  countenances,  as  the  fearful  ele- 
ment was  doing  its  fatal  work,  by  knocking  the  ]>rops  from  the  frail  manu- 
facturing support.  The  city  bridge  had,  as  was  supposed,  been  built  with 
the  utmost  care,  and  if  a  modern  architect  could  have  seen  it,  he  would 
have  been  led  to  suppose  that  if  wooden  pins  conld  make  anything  secure, 
it  would  be  immovable.  There  it  stood;  the  adversary  might  twist  it;  but 
break,  or  leave  its  position,  it  would  not  for  all  the  freshets  in  creation.  So 
the  people  reasoned,  if  the  bridge  did  not.  So  the  freshet,  as  if  in  mockery 
of  the  people's  hopes  and  proud  aspirations,  having  recuperated  and  recov- 
ered additional  force  when  released  from  its  temporary  confinement,  came 
madly  on.  The  struggle  commenced,  and  the  bridge  was  conqueror.  It 
might  have  uttered  (could  it  have  spoken)  the  declaration  of  Fitz  James  to 
Rhoderick  Dhu: 

"  Corue  one,  come  all,  this  rock  shall  fly 
From  its  firm  base,  as  soon  as  I !" 

True,  it  was  rather  twisted,  and  after  the  encounter  resembled,  in  its 
curvature,  a  rail  fence,  and  in  some  places  its  horizontal  position  was 
changed  to  the  perpendicular,  but  it  remained  as  an  honored  fixture,  until 
its  successor,  the  present  bridge,  took  its  place,  when  it  was  sold  in  sections 
to  the  highest  bidder. 

On  the  15th  of  July,  1851,  Thomas  D.  Eobertson,  John  A.  Holland, 
R.  P.  Lane,  G.  A.  Sanford,  W.  A.  Dickerman,  S.  M.  Church,  O.  Clark,  C. 
I.  Horsman,  John  Edwards,  J.  S.  Coleman,  John  Fisher,  William  Hulin, 
Isaiah  Lyon,  M.  Starr,  C.  H.  Spaffbrd,  Lucius  Clark,  J.  J.  Town,  Henry 
Potwin,  H.  R.  Maynard,  Jas.  H.  Rogers,  B.  McKenney,  John  Piatt,  Albert 

Sanford,  Chas.  C.  Hope,  H.  P.  Kinil)all,  Robert  Clow, Yanduzen,  and 

McCoy,  the  leading  public  spirited  men  of  Rockford,  associated  them- 
selves together  under  the  style  of  the  Rockford  AYater  Power  Company,  in 
pursuance  of  the  provisions  of  a  general  act  of  the  Legislature  of  Illinois, 
entitled,  "  an  act  for  the  improvement  of  Rock  River,  and  for  the  produc- 
tion of  hydraulic  power,"  passed  by  that  body  in  184:9.  Here  was  com- 
menced the  great  work  that  has  made  the  city  what  it  is  admitted  by  all  to 
be,  the  "leading  inland  manufacturing  city  of  the  Korthwest." 

In  September,  1851,  the  owners  of  water  and  land  under  the  old  com- 
pany, entered  into  an  agreement  with  the  new  company,  whereby  the  two 
interests  were  consolidated,  and  steps  were  immediately  taken  for  the  con- 
struction of  a  permanent  dam,  on  the  rock  bottom  of  the  old  ford.  In  the 
spring  of  1853,  the  dam  and  race  were  completed  and  accepted  by  the  com- 
pany. It  would  make  an  interesting  chapter  to  note  the  ups  and  downs  of 
this  great  enterprise,  and  the  hard  work  done  by  the  men  having  it  in 
charge  since  its  organization,  but  the  time  and  space  will  not  permit. 

The  length  of  the  dam  is  between  700  and  800  feet,  and,  to  all  appear- 
ances, firm  and  immovable  as  the  hills.  The  rains  may  fall,  and  the  floods 
come,  but  the  dam  will  not  be  moved,  as  it  is  founded  on  a  rock,  and  the 
power  derived  under  a  six-foot  head.     In  these  dusky  haunts,  four  or  five 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  403 

hundred  men  find  steady  employment  and  ready  pay.  Here,  industry  and 
honesty  walk  hand  in  hand.  Skill  and  ingennitj^  stand  steadily  by  the 
lathe,  and  the  handy  smith  hammers  and  shapes  the  white-hot  iron  as  he 
will.  The  city  of  Rockford  may  be  justly  proud  of  these  sons  of  toil,  hon- 
est, intelligent,  and  full  of  enterprise.  To  them  is  owed,  in  a  great  meas- 
ure, the  growth  and  prosperity  of  the  city. 

In  the  general  history  of  the  county  no  mention  was  made  of  the 
"Mile  Strip''  diflficulty,  from  the  fact  that  it  more  directly  concerned  Kock- 
ford  than  the  county.  That  contest  was  the  most  spirited  one  known  in 
the  annals  of  the  county,  aud  as  such  is  here  recorded.  This  strip  was  lo- 
cated along  the  eastern  line  of  the  county,  and  had  been  set  off  to  Winne- 
bago County  from  the  western  tier  of  toAvnships  of  Boone  County  when 
that  county  was  organized.  When  Boone  County  was  fully  organized  and 
the  county  machiuery  in  complete  working  order,  the  people  of  that  baili- 
wick became  ambitious  for  the  acquisition  of  more  territory,  and  began  to 
agitate  the  question  of  having  the  "  mile  strip  "  set  back  to  them.  Among 
the  people  of  Kockford  there  were  some  who  also  had  ambitions  to  gratify 
— schemes  to  carry  out — and  in  the  "mile  strip"  they  imagined  they  saw 
the  means  of  accomplishing  their  purposes.  The  county  seat  question  ot 
Winnebago  had  not  been  permanently  settled.  The  people  of  East  Rock- 
ford  were  naturally  opposed  to  the  "  set  off,"  on  the  ground  that  the  inter- 
ests of  the  people  on  that  strip  were  identical  with  the  interests  of  East 
Rockford,  and  that  consequently  their  influence  would  be  exerted  towards 
securing  the  permanent  location  of  the  county  buildings  on  that  side  of  the 
river.  The  people  of  the  west  side  of  the  river  were  anxious  to  foster  such 
measures  as  would  secure  a  majority  of  the  voters  in  favor  of  permanently 
locating  the  county  offices  and  county  buildings  on  the  west  side.  Here 
were  three  conflicting  interests  at  work^^— Boone  County  and  East  and  West 
Rockford.  The  more  the  "set  off"  question  was  agitated,  the  hotter  grew 
the  contest.  But  the  "set  off"  could  not  be  accomplished  without  a 
special  act  of  authority  from  the  Legislature.  In  the  meanwhile  the  set- 
tlers on  the  strip  were  the  recipients  of  special  attention  and  innumerable 
visits  from  their  fellow-citizens  on  their  east  and  on  their  west.  Finally, 
the  Legislature  of  1843  passed  a  special  act  to  enaide  the  voters  on  the  strip 
to  vote  "for  "  or  "  against  "  being  set  off  to  Boone  County.  The  4th  day 
of  May,  1813,  was  fixed  for  the  election,  and  from  the  passage  and  approval 
of  that  act  until  the  result  was  known,  some  of  the  Boone  County  men 
were  among  the  interested  voters,  laboring  with  them,  pleading  with  them, 
arguing  with  them.  And  it  has  been  said  that  some  of  them  even  camped 
on  the  r.trip  and  threw  out  sentinels  to  watch  their  natural  enemies — the 
Winnebagoes — i.  e.  the  people  of  Winnebago  County  who  were  opposed  to 
the  scheme.  No  one  who  was  not  an  actual  settler  on  the  strip  was  allowed 
a  vote,  and  it  may  be  assumed  to  be  a  fact  that  moi'e  hard  electioneering 
was  done  on  that  occasion  than  was  ever  done  before  or  since.  But  Boone 
County,  whether  fairly  or  honestly,  was  victorious,  and  carried  off  bodily — 
some  say  stole — twenty-four  sections  of  valuable  land,  capable  of  support- 
ing a  thousand  people  and  increasing  their  sources  of  tax  revenue  many 
thousands  of  dollars.  At  that  election  95  votes  were  cast,  of  which  51  votes 
were  "for"  annexation  to  Boone  County  and  44  "against," — a  majority  of 
seven  votes  in  favor  of  the  scheme. 

April  23,  1843,  C.  I.  Horsman,  for  himself  and  others,  made  a  propo- 
sition to  the  County  Commissioners  for  building  a  court-house,  jail  and 


404 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


county  offices,  on  the  west  side,  which  was  accepted,  which,  with  the  settle- 
ment of  the  "  Mile  Strip"  agitation,  pertiianently  fixed  the  location  of  the 
county  buildings.  In  1836,  soon  after  the  first  election,  Messrs.  Kent  & 
Brinkerhoof  were  licensed  by  the  County  Commissionei-s  to  keep  and  main- 
tain a  ferry  at  Rockford.  The  management  and  ownership  of  this  ferry 
changed  hands  from  time  to  time,  but  was  kept  up  until  succeeded  by  a 
bridge,  in  18j:4.  In  1843,  the  Legislature  passed  an  act  authorizing  Daniel 
S.  Ilaight,  Dr.  George  Haskell,  S.  D.  Preston,  and  Charles  I.  Horsman,  to 
build  a  bridge  over  Kock  River.  The  act  stipulated  that  the  bridge  should 
be  built  in  good  workmanlike  manner,  and  to  be  so  "  constructed  as  nut  to 
interfere  with  navigation."  When  that  bridge  was  completed  the  feriy  was 
abandoned,  and  has  been  known  no  more.  The  old  wooden  bridge  served 
its  time  faithfully  and  well.  It  was  a  bond  of  union  between  the  east  and 
west  sides,  but  in  time  had  to  give  way  to  more  modern  structures,  and  is 
now  succeeded  by  a  magnificent  iron  bridge.  Thus,  little  by  little,  the 
rivalry  between  Ilaightville  and  Kentville  was  forced  to  give  way  and  to 
become  one  people  with  a  community  of  interests. 

The  first  M.  E.  church  society  was  organized  in  1836,  with  five  mem- 
bers, at  the  house  of  Henry  Enoch,  in  Guilford  township.  But  within  a 
year  or  two,  the  appointment  for  preaching  was  removed  from  Mr.  Enoch's 
to  Rockford,  that  the  society  might  receive  strength  by  numbers  from 
among  the  Methodist  settlers  of  Rockford.  About  1838  they  built  a  house 
of  worship.  About  the  same  time  the  Congregationalists  also  erected  a 
house  of  worship,  on  the  west  side  of  Church  street,  one  block  south  from 
the  Church  o±  the  Christian  Union.  These  were  the  first  churches  built  in 
Rockford. 

December,  183<;),the  first  marriage  license  issued  from  the  clerk's  office 
of  Winnebago  County,  by  virtue  of  which  Dr.  Daniel  H.  Whitney  and 
Miss  Sarah  Coswell,  of  the  Belvidere  Precinct,  were  joined  together  in  the 
holy  banns  of  wedlock,  by  Prof.  Seth  S.  Whitman,  also  of  Belvidere.  The 
first  marriage  entered  on  the  registry  is  that  of  Mr.  William  P.  Randall 
and  Miss  Delia  Driscoll,  which  was  solemnized  February  13,  1837,  by  AVm. 
R.  Wheeler,  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  Kishwaukee  precinct. 

February,  1836,  Mrs.  John  B.  Long  introduced  the  first  female  child 
born  in  the  county,  which  was  named  Melissa  J.  The  first  male  child  born 
was  Ogden  Haiice,  son  of  Thomas  Hance,  in  what  is  now  Pecatonica  town- 
ship. 

During  the  summer  of  1851,  a  better  local  or  city  government  was 
deemed  necessary  to  the  welfare  of  the  growing  town,  and  in  the  fall  of  that 
year  preliminary  |steps  wei'e  taken  to  secure  that  end;  and  in  pursuance  of 
a  call  signed  by  Jason  Marsh,  G.  A.  Sanford,  Willard  Wheeler,  W.  A.  Dick- 
erman,  Isaiah  Lyon,  George  AVyatt,  Newton  Crawford,  C.  I.  Horsman,  W. 
P.  Dennis,  Jesse  Blinn,  and  William  Hulin,  a  meeting  was  held  in  the 
court-house,  Nov.  29,  1851,  at  which  it  was  decided  to  submit  the  (question 
of  a  city  organization  to  a  vote  of  the  people,  and  at  an  election  held  by 
order  of  the  trustees  of  the  town,  January  3,  1852.  a  majority  of  votes  was 
cast  in  favor  of  organizing  under  the  general  law  of  1849,  taking  the 
Springfield  city  charter  as  a  basis. 

The  first  election  under  the  new  government  took  place  April  19,  1852, 
the  candidates  for  Mayor  being  Willard  Wheeler  and  E.  H.  Potter,  the 
election  resulting  in  the  choice  of  the  following  named  officers: 

Mayor — Willard   Wheeler.     Alderman,   1st   ward — Sumner    Damon; 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  405 

Alderman,  2d  ward — E.  H.  Potter;  Alderman,  3d  ward — H.  N.  Spalding; 
Alderman  4th  ward — C.  N.  Andrews. 

The  first  meetinc^  of  tlie  city  council  was  held  A])ril  2(),  1852,  in  the 
counting  room  of  E.  II.  Potter.  At  this  meeting,  William  Lathrop  was 
appointed  city  clerk.  At  the  second  meeting  of  the  council,  held  on  the 
1st  of  May,  the  following  officers  were  appointed: 

City  Attorney — William  Lathrop;  Treasurer — H.  E.  Maynard; 
Assessor — D.  Ferguson;  Collector — K.  H.  Milliken;  Engineer — D.  Fergu- 
son; Street  Commissioners — T.  Blake.  Wm.  McKinney. 

At  this  meeting  a  resolution  was  adopted  looking  to  the  construction 
of  a  new  city  bridge,  in  the  place  of  the  old  structure,  which  had  become 
dilapidated  and  rickety  from  long  use  and  decay. 

Subsequent  to  the  organization  of  the  city  government,  amendments 
and  additions  to  the  charter  were  made  by  the  Legislature  as  follows: 

''An  act  to  legalize  the  incorporation  of  the  city  of  Rockford,  and 
amend  the  charter  of  said  city,"  passed  Feb.  8,  1853.  [Private  laws,  1853, 
page  565. 

A  special  charter  was  granted  to  the  city  by  an  act  entitled  "An  act  to 
amend  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Kockford,"  passed  March  4,  1854.  [Ses- 
sion laws,  1854,  page  103. 

"An  act  entitled  'An  act  to  amend  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Rock- 
ford.'"     In  force  April  26,  1859.     [Private  laws,  1859,  page  255. 

"An  act  to  amend  'An  act  to  amend  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Rock- 
ford.'  "     In  force  Feb.  22,  1861.     [Private  laws,  18G1,  page  254. 

The  present  charter  was  granted  by  "An  act  to  reduce  the  charter  of 
the  city  of  Rockford,  and  the  several  acts  amendatory  thereof  into  one  act, 
and  to  revise  and  amend  the  same."  In  force  Feb.  15,  1865.  [Private 
laws,  1865,  vol.  1,  page  472. 

Commencing  April,  1852,  the  Mayors  in  succession  have  been:  Wil- 
lard  Wheeler,  from  April  26,  1852,  to  April  25,  1853;  Hiram  R.  May- 
nard, from  April  25,  1853,  to  April  22,  1854;  Ulysses  M.  Warner,  from 
April  22,  1854,  to  April  25,  1855;  Edward  Yaughn,  from  April  25,  1855, 
to  April  29,  1856;  James  L.  Loop,  from  April  29,  1856,  to  May  4,  1857; 
William  Brown,  from  Mav  4,  1857,  to  Mav  3,  1858;  Seely  Perry,  from  May 
3,  1858,  to  May  2,  1859;  "^Charles  Williams,  from  May  2,  1859,  to  Mav  2, 
1864;  Albert  Fowler,  from  Mav  2,  1864,  to  May  7,1866;  Edward  H. 
Baker  from  May  7,  1866,  to  Mav  6,  1867;  Albert  Fowler,  from  May  6, 
1867,  to  May  5,' 1868;  Edward  H.  Baker,  May  5,  1868;  Seymour  G.  Bron- 
son.  May  1,  1868,  served  under  re-election  until  1873;  Gilbert  Woodruff, 
from  May,  18f73,  .to  May,  1875;  R.  H.  Tinker,  from  May,  1875,  to  May, 
1876;  Levi  Rhoades,  from  May,  1876,  to  May,  1877;  Duncan  Ferguson, 
May,  1877. 

The  following  named  gentlemen  represented  the  city  government  for 
the  year  1877: 

Mavor,  Duncan  Ferguson.  Aldermen — 1st  Ward,  Anthony  Havnes; 
2d,  Gilbert  Woodruff;  3d,  George  E.  King;  4th.  E.  L.  Woodruff';  5th,  By- 
ron Graham;  6th,  Harris  Graham;  7tli^  S.  P.  Crawford;  Clerk,  A.  P. 
Wells;  Attorney,  L.  F.  Warner;  Marshal,  Thos.  Sully;  Assistant  do.,  Jas. 
Dame;  Treasurer,  Horace  Brown;  Assessor,  Jas.  Ferguson;  official  paper, 
Rockford  Journal. 

With  the  exception  of  the  failure  of  the  Rockford  ])eople  to  make  the 
river  navigable,  all  their  undertakings  have  been  crowned  with  success.     To 


406  HISTORY   OF   WnsnsrEBAGO    COTJNTT. 

them  justly  belongs  the  credit  of  inaugurating  the  railroad  enterprises  of 
the  State,  as  it  was  here  the  great  railr(_»ad  meeting  Jwas  held,  Jan.  7,  1S46, 
at  which  meetino-  new  life  was  o-iven  to  the  defunct  Galena  and  Chicago 
Union  railroad  enterprise,  and  measures  adopted  that  secured  its  completion 
in  Augnst,  1852.  That  undertaking  gave  a  new  impetus  to  the  growth  of 
the  city;  and  when  the  present  dam  was  built,  thus  securing  a  water  power 
of  almost  unknown  capacity,  the  effect  astonished  the  most  sanguine  and 
enthusiastic  friends  of  the  undertaking,  and  the  half  has  not  yet  been  told. 
The  energies  and  enterprises  of  the  people  have  been  well  directed,  and  at 
the  end  of  forty-three  years  from  the  date  of  the  first  settlement  on  Kent 
creek,  are  crowned  with  numerous  and  magnificent  banking  and  business 
houses,  schools,  seminaries,  churches,  and  manufacturing  enterprises,  that 
would  do  credit  to  any  people.  The  products  of  the  manufactories  are 
knowm  and  iind  a  ready  demand  wherever  such  articles  as  they  manufacture 
are  used,  and  they  manufacture  almost  everything  needed  by  civilized  peo- 
ple. Of  their  achievements  and  successes  in  forty-three  years,  the  people 
of  Rockford  may  well  be  proud. 

"With  a  brief  summary  of  these  achievements  we  close  the  pages  of 
this  history,  with  a  hope  that  ere  another  forty-three  years  shall  be  buried 
beneath  the  debris  of  time,  another  and  abler  pen  will  have  preserved  the 
history  and  improvements  these  years  will  have  made. 

THE    W^ATER   POWER. 

In  the  spring  of  1844  the  Rockford  Hydraulic  Company  was  organized 
and  a  dam  built  across  the  river,  nearly  opposite  the  gas  works,  by  Mr.  C. 
C.  Coburn. 

On  the  east  side  of  the  river,  the  race  having  been  completed  in  the 
meantime,  a  saw-mill  was  erected  near  the  dam,  by  L.  B.  Gregory  and  A. 
C.  Spaflbrd.  Next  below  them,  and  near  the  end  of  State  street  bridge,  was 
the  grist-mill  of  Mr.  Xettleton,  among  the  first  of  its  kind  in  the  county. 
Still  further  dowm,  the  woolen-mill  of  J.  B.  Howell,  and  then  the  saw-mill 
of  Messrs.  Wheeler  &  Lyon. 

On  the  west  side,  a  wide  race  was  laid  out  as  far  down  as  Mulberry 
street.  Here  a  third  saw-mill  was  put  in  operation  by  Messrs.  Robertson 
&  Holland,  who  were  leading  spirits  in  the  Hydraulic  Company,  Near  the 
termination  of  the  race,  Mr.  Ethan  Clark  established  the  first  foundry  and 
machine  shop. 

On  the  first  day  of  June,  1850,  this  dam  went  out.  For  a  time,  the 
bridge  just  below  it  was  in  imminent  danger  from  the  flood,  but,  though 
somewhat  damaged,  it  remained. 

On  the  fifteenth  day  of  July  of  the  following  year  (1851),  a  number  of 
the  citizens  of  Rockford  (twenty-seven)  organized  the  "  Rockford  Water 
Power  Company,"  and  in  September,  the  owners  of  the  land  and  water  in 
the  old  organization  consolidated  with  them.  A  dam  of  750  feet  was  put 
in  across  tlie  rocky  ford  from  wdiich  the  city  derives  its  name,  and  com- 
pleted in  the  spring  of  1853.  This  dam  is  the  segment  of  a  circle,  placed 
diagonally  across  the  river,  bending  np  stream  to  facilitate  the  flow  of  water 
to  the  races,  and  to  increase  its  strength.  It  is  a  stone  and  wood  structure, 
securely  anchored  by  stay  bolts  fitted  into  holes  drilled  in  the  rocks  which 
are  held  in  place  by  lead  packing. 

At  present  the  20,000  inches,  total  capacity  of  the  water  privilege,  is  prin- 
cipally owned  by  the  manufacturers  themselves,  who  form  the  Water  Power 


•/■,  -A 


^  ROCKFORD 


HISTORY    OF   WIIOJEBAGO    COUNTY.  409 

Company,  each  one  being  asn^essed  for  repairs,  in  proportion  to  the  number 
of  inches  he  has  purchased.     Last  year  the  water  sold  for  $12.00  per  inch. 

For  many  3'ears  there  has  been  considerable  dilhculty  experienced  dur- 
ing di'v  weather,  from  want  of  water.  At  the  September  meeting  of  the 
company  this  year,  it  was  thought  best  to  purchase  the  water  power  and 
mills  at  the  foot  of  the  lake  or  swamp  in  Wisconsin,  known  as  Lake 
Koshkenong,  forty  miles  up  E.ock  river.  This  lake  covers  a  large  surface 
of  ground,  that  was  not  surveyed  by  government  when  the  balance  of  the 
land  was  laid  out.  It  is  all  overflowed  in  the  spring  and  it  has  been  the 
custom  to  open  the  sluice  ways  at  Indian  ford,  live  miles  below  the  foot  of 
the  lake,'' and  allow  it  to  drain.  It  is  proposed  to  change  the  order  and 
allow  the  lake  to  fill,  to  be  drawn  off  during  the  dry  seasons,  by  this  means 
maintaining  an  abundant  supply  of  water  tliroughout  the  year. 

In  1S75  the  Water  Power  Company  at  Beloit  and  Janesville,  Wiscon- 
sin, also  Rockton  and  Rockford,  Illinois,  rented  the  warer  privilege  at 
Indian  ford  tor  two  years,  with  the  right  of  purchase  at  the  expiration  of 
the  lease.  This  has  now  been  effected,  at  a  cost  of  $15,000,  one-fourth  of 
which  the  Rockford  Company  pay.  Considering  the  mills  at  Indian  ford, 
from  which  some  return  may  be  expected,  the  investment  must  be  bene- 
ficial to  all  concerned. 

Last  year  the  cost  of  water  to  the  user  was  only  $6.00  per  hundred 
inches.  The  massive  masonry  that  is  replacing  some  of  the  crumbling  walls 
of  the  races,  repairs  on  the  dam,  and  the  recent  purchase  of  the  reserve 
reservoir  in  Wisconsin,  will  increase  the  assessments  this  year,  but  these 
improvements  will  materially  add  to  the  usefulness  and  permanency  of 
the  water-power  at  this  place. 

There  are  forty-one  water-wheels  that  are  now  using  the  water 
at  this  place,  representing  the  varied  industries  mentioned  in  the  sketch  of 
manufacturers,  by  whose  daily  revolutions  a  thousand  operatives  find  em- 
ployment. Should  all  of  these  receive  the  average  daily  wages  of  $1.50,  it 
would  make  the  modest  sum  of  $39,000  paid  out  monthly  for  labor,  or 
$468,000  per  annum.  Officers  of  the  company  :  A.  I.  Enoch,  President; 
Ralph  Emerson,  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

HOLLY    WATER    WORKS. 

A  number  of  years  ag(»  a  company  was  organized  to  suppl  y  the  city  of 
Rockford  witli  water,  as  well  as  j^rovide  for  the  extinguishment  of  fires,  but 
it  never  amounted  to  anything.  During  the  summer  of  1874  the  matter 
was  agitated  again,  and  a  favorable  vote  of  the  people  taken.  A  committee 
of  construction  was  authorized,  who  began  work  upon  the  present  structure 
in  the  fall  of  that  year,  and  finished  it  some  time  during  the  winter,  at  a  net 
cost  of  $34,013.81,  including  the  lots  and  cost  of  preparation,  building, 
pumping  pit,  foundations  for  pumps,  fitter,  smoke  stack,  etc.  The  machin- 
ery, or  pumps,  which  began  to  pump  for  general  use  in  March,  1875,  cost 
$36,000,  or  laid  down  here  with  all  the  extras,  $37,758.38.  The  hydrants, 
pipes  and  laying  swell  the  total  cost  of  all  to  $236,144.82.  » 

In  digging  for  the  foundations,  a  spring  of  large  size  was  discovered, 
which  has  been  utilized,  most  of  the  water  ordinarily  coming  from  it,  while 
on  extraordinary  occasions  the  supply  is  drawn  from  the  river,  near  which 
the  works  are  located. 

The  Holly  system  has  this  distinguishing  feature— that,  by  a  set  of 
powerful   steam  pumps,  centrally  located,  and  a  system  of  pipes  in  all  the 


410  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

streets,  a  steam  fire  eiiffine  is  placed  at  every  man's  door,  with  a  supply  of 
water  that  is  practically  inexhaustable.  A  pressure  of  45-  pounds  per 
square  inch  is  maintained  in  all  the  water  pipes,  the  engines  running  fast  or 
slow  automatically,  as  it  falls  below  or  exceeds  this  point.  Since  the  com- 
pletion of  the  works,  no  fire  has  ever  spread  beyond  the  building  where  it 
originated.  They  are  under  tlie  supervision  of  S.  T.  Holly,  Chief  Engin- 
eer, and  Frank  A.  Holly,  assistant,  with  two  firemen.  They  give  about 
thirty-seven  gallons  daily  to  each  inhabitant  of  the  city. 

FIRE    DEPARTMENT. 

The  fire  department  consists  of  a  hose  company  in  each  ward,  and  one 
hook  and  ladder  company.  These  were  organized  by  ordinance  in  January, 
1ST6,  and  within  two  months  were  equipped  and  ready  for  duty.  There 
are  three  hose  houses,  one  in  West  Rockford,  using  the  Second  Congrega- 
tional church  bell  for  a  fire  alarm,  and  in  which  JSTos.  3,  4  and  7  meet;  one  in 
South  jRockford,  having  its  own  fire  alarm  bell,  and  in  which  JSlo.  5  meets; 
one  in  East  Rockford,  with  its  own  bell,  in  which  JN^os.  1,  2  and  6,  as  well 
as  the  hook  and  ladder  company,  meet.  There  is  one  hand  engine,  lor  use 
in  case  of  the  breakage  of  a  main.  .  The  department  oflicers  are  as  follows: 

John  T.  Lakin.  chief;  Wm.  Crotty,  first  assistant;  Frank  Conaughy, 
second  assistant.  No.  1,  First  Ward — Walter  Haime,  foreman;  meets  first 
Monday  in  each  month.  No.  2,  Second  Ward — -John  N.  Hill,  foreman; 
meets  first  Monday  in  each  month.  No.  3,  Third  Ward — P.  W.  Welch, 
foreman;  meets  first  Tuesday  in  each  month.  No.  4,  Fourth  Ward^-Jas. 
Butler,  foreman.  No.  5,  Fifth  Ward — Wm.  Holmes,  foreman;  meets  first 
Monday  in  each  month.  No.  6,  Sixth  Ward — Wm.  W.  Wood,  foreman; 
meets  first  Monday  in  each  month.  No.  7,  Seventh  Ward,  W.  T.  Clark, 
foreman;  meets  first  Monday  in  each  month.  Hook  and  Ladder  Company, 
organized  in  the  fall  of  1876 ;  J.  E.  Ellison,  captain, 

PUBLIC    SCnOOLS. 

Miss  Eunice  Brown,  now  Mrs.  J.  G.  Lyon,  of  Rockton  Township, 
was  the  first  person  who  taught  a  school  here.  She  taught  in  1837,  in  a 
log  school  house  which  stood  near  the  residence  of  Mr.  John  Early,  East 
Side,  and  afterward  on  the  West  Side  in  several  places.  Miss  Frances 
Bradford  taught  the  same  year  on  the  West  Side  in  a  log  cabin  that  stood 
near  the  present  residence  of  S.  C.  Withrow.  From  this  time,  schools 
were  taught  from  year  to  year,  by  different  persons,  in  many  places,  until 
the  graded  schools  were  adopted,  in  1857.  The  previous  year  the  city  was 
divided  into  two  main  districts,  the  river  forming  the  dividing  line.  In 
each  of  these,  a  large,  commodious  stone  building,  four  stories  high,  was 
finished  in  1S57,  with  a  capacity  to  accommodate  650  pupils,,  and  arranged 
to  include  all  the  grades  from  primary  to  high  school,  as  well  as  some  of 
the  branches  of  academic  education.  These  buildings  cost  about  $22,000 
each.  «  From  time  to  time,  new  buildings  have  been  erected  according  to 
the  needs  of  localities.  In  1874-5,  the  South  Rockford  school  was  remodeled, 
or  rather  rebuilt,  and  an  efiicient  building  for  a  grammar  school  prepared. 
Other  smaller  buildings  are  scattered  over  the  city,  at  the  present  time 
arranged  in  three  divisions,  East  Rockford,  West  Rockford,  and  South 
Rockford,  each  in  charge  of  a  principal,  who  is  subject  to  the  Board  of 
Education. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  411 

The  course  of  study  embraces  a  thorough  and  systematic  drill  in  the 
common  branches  and  the  elements  of  science  and  liferature,  including  a 
preparatory  course  for  college. 

Board  of  Education:  N.  E.  Ljman,  President;  H.  W.  Carpenter,  Dr. 
J.  B.  Lyman,  J.  P.  Perkins,  D.  S.  Clark;  A.  P.  Wells,  clerk. 

Principal  No.  1,  East  Rockford,  Henry  Freemen;  principal  No.  2, 
West  Ivockford,  Jas.  H.  Blodgett;  principal.  South  Rockfoi'd,  O.  F. 
Barbour. 

West  Rockford  High  /S't'/iooZ.— Erected  1856.  J.  H.  Blodgett,  A.  M., 
principal;  Miss  M.  M.  Coleman,  first  assistant;  Miss  Emma  D.  Sears, 
second  assistant. 

W.  R.  nigJi  SoJtool  Building. — J.  H.  Blodgett,  A.  M.,  superintend- 
ent; teachers:  Miss  Alice  M.  Dove,  grammar  department;  Miss  Nellie 
Gould,  ungraded;  Miss  Ada  Linderman,  primary;  Misslmogene  S.  Pierce, 
intermediate;  number  of  scholars,  300. 

Chestnut  Street  School — W.  R.  J.  H.  Blodgett,  A.  M.,  superintend- 
ent; Miss  Maria  Upson,  principal;  teachers:  Miss  Minnie  R.  Brouse,  inter- 
mediate; Miss  Carrie  Blake,  first  primary;  Miss  Helen  Williams,  second 
primary;  number  of  scholars,  160. 

Third  Wa/d  School— West  State  street.  J.  H.  Blodgett,  A.  M., 
superintendent;  teachers:  Miss  Louisa  Pells,  grammar  department;  Miss 
Margaret  Conaughy,  intermediate;  number  of  scholars,  90. 

''Fourth  Ward  School. — Erected  1874.  J.  H.  Blodgett,  A.  M.,  super- 
intendent: Charles  Goddard,  principal;  teachers:  Miss  Carrie  Drew,  inter- 
mediate; Miss  Ella  Brainard,  primary;  number  of  scholars,  150. 

East  Rockford  High  School. — Henry  Freeman,  principal;  Andrew 
McPherson,  first  assistant;  Miss  Lilian  Tappan,  second  assistant;  number 
of  scholars,  Vlo. 

East  Rockford  HigJi  School  Building. — On  First  avenue.  Henry 
Freeman,  superintendent;  Mrs.  L.  M.  Gauss,  principal.  Miss  Ida  J. 
Arnold,  assistant,  first  giammar  department;  Robert  Rew,  principal,  Miss 
Trephence  Carmichael,  assistant,  second  grammar  department;  Miss  Emma 
F.  Marsh,  principal.  Miss  Evalyn  Chaney,  assistant,  first  intermediate'; 
Miss  M.  A.  Russell,  principal.  Miss  Eva  Enoch,  assistant,  second  inter- 
mediate; number  of  scholars,  425. 

First  Ward  School. — North  Third  street.  Henry  Freeman,  superin- 
tendent; Miss  May  G.  McPherson,  principal.  Room  D;  teachers:  Miss 
Lavonia  Clark,  Room  C;  Miss  Annie  Coy,  Room  B;  Miss  S.  Keys,  Room 
A;  number  of  scholars,  175. 

Second  Ward  School. — Kishwaukee  street,  E.  R.  Henry  Freeman, 
superintendent;  Miss  M.  E.  Briggs,  principal,  Room  D;  teachers:  Miss  M. 
E.  Pettibone,  Room  C;  Miss  Teague,  Room  B;  Miss  Lizzie  Ilerrick,  Room 
A;  number  of  scholars,  200. 

Si.vth  Ward  School. — Corner  Second  avenue  and  Eighth  street.  Henry 
Freeman,  superintendent;  teachers:  Mrs.  A.  L.  Richardson,  principal, 
Room  D;  Miss  Jenet  Smith,  Room  C;  Miss  Jennie  Brumbaugh,  Room  B; 
Miss  Jennie  Shepherd,  Room  A;  number  of  scholars,  9>00. 

South  Rockford  School. — South  Winnebago  street.  Erected  1867. 
O.  F.  Barbour,  principal;  teachers:  Miss  Sarah  C.  Lander,  Room  1;  Miss 
Mary  M.  Gearn,  Room  2;  Miss  Agnes  C.  Cassidy,  Room  3;  Miss  Martha 
M.  Warner,  Room  4;  Miss  Ella  L.  Jenks,  Room  5;  Miss  Jessie  Shepherd, 
Room  6;  Miss  Ella  Moffatt,  Room  7;  Miss  Ellen  Blake,  Room  8. 


412  HISTORY   OF   WINlSrEBAGO   COUNTY. 

Rockford  Business  College. — Prof.  E.  C.  A.  Becker,  manager.  Book- 
keeping in  all  its  forms,  business  practice,  practical  and  ornamental  pen- 
manship, arithmetic,  telegraphy,  short  hand,  English,  French,  German, 
Latin,  Spanish,  and  music  are  taught  here. 

Allis^  Commercial  College  and  Institute  of  FenmansJiij?. — Organized 
1866.     J.  £L.  Cook,  proprietor;  over  Nos.  323  and  325  West  Lake  street. 

Academic  and  Classical  Institute. — Prof.  C.  AY.  Lownsbury,  princi- 
pal. Established  in  1867.  Miss  Mary  E.  Foot,  assistant  teacher  academic 
senior  department;  Geo.  E.  Smith,  assistant  commercial  and  primary 
department.     School  building,  corner   Winnebago  and  West  State  streets. 

EOCKFOKD    FEMALE    SEMINARY. 

In  1844,  at  a  convention  of  the  Congregational  and  Presbyterian  cler- 
gymen of  Northern  Illinois  and  Southern  Wisconsin,  which  assembled 
August  6th,  it  was  decided  to  found  two  institutions  of  learning,  one  for 
gentlemen,  the  other  for  ladies.  It  was  thought  best  that  they  should  not 
be  located  at  the  same  place.  Subse(|uently  the  college  was  fixed  at  Beloit, 
and  the  seminary  at  Rockford,  on  the  pledge  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  latter 
city  to  contribute  $3,500  for  a  building,  and  a  suitable  location. 

A  board  of  trustees  was  elected,  who  controlled  both  institutions.  The 
first  charter  of  the  seminary  bears  date  Feb.  25,  1847,  but  business  interests 
interfered  with  the  fulfillment  of  the  pledges  ol  the  citizens  of  Rockford, 
and  the  matter  was  delayed  for  a  time. 

In  1849,  on  the  11th  of  June,  Miss  Anna  P.  Sill,  the  present  principal 
of  the  seminary,  with  two  assistants,  began  to  teach  a  select  school,'  whose 
excellence  revived  the  interest  in  the  seminary.  Accordingly  in  1850, 
$5,000  was  pledged  by  the  people  of  Rockford  and  vicinity  for  a  building, 
while  the  ladies  gave  one  thousand  more  for  the  purchase  of  the  grounds 
upon  which  the  seminary  now  stands.  Miss  Sill's  school  took  the  name  of 
the  Rockford  Female  Seminary,  and  was  held  in  an  old  building  on  the  east 
side  of  the  river,  formerly  used  as  a  court-house.  Here,  in  September, 
1851,  the  first  class  of  fifteen  passed  their  examination,  a  regular  collegiate 
course  of  study  having  been  granted  by  the  charter. 

After  the  acceptance  by  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  financial 
pledges  of  the  people  of  Rockford,  in  1850,  it  was  thought  best  that  each 
institution  should  manage  its  own  affairs,  but  a  co-operation  of  the  two  has 
been  preserved  by  retaining  several'of  the  same  membeis  in  each  board  of 
trustees. 

Rev.  Aratus  Kent,  a  Presbyterian  clergyman,  as  president  of  the  board 
of  trustees,  on  the  15th  day  of  July,  1852,  laid  the  corner  stone  of  the  present 
edifice.  He  it  was  to  whom  the  enterprise  is  most  indebted,  having 
retained  the  ])residency  of  the  board  until  his  death,  in  1869.  This  build- 
ing, now  Middle  Hall,  was  occupied  in  1853,  and  cost  $15,000,  paid  mainly 
by  the  people  of  Winnebago  County. 

Increased  patronage  demanded  more  room.  Accordingly,  in  1854, 
"Linden  Hall"  was  begun,  and  completed  two  3'ears  afterward.  It  was 
named  from  the  residence  of  one  of  its  J^ew  England  friends,  from  which 
place  and  New  York  the  principal  part  of  the  funds  were  obtained  with 
which  it  was  erected. 

In  1866,  a  third  hall,  with  its  connecting  corridors,  was  begun,  and  fin- 
ished the  following  year,  at  a  cost  of  $21,000,  secured  mainly  by  donations 
from  eastern  cities,  as  well  as  renewed  pledges  from  Rockford  and  vicinity. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  413 

In  1S71  "  Linden  "  and  Middle  [lalls  were  connected  by  a  corridor,  at  a 
cost  of  !j<4,000,  makino-  a  continuous  brick  front  of  220  feet,  with  music  and 
recitation  rooms,  library,  labratory,  gcolo^i^ical  cabinet,  chapel,  dormitory, 
dinino-- rooms,  gymnasium,  etc.,  all  in  the  best  condition  for  effective  work. 
The  present  curriculum  embraces  a  preparatory,  classical  and  scientilic 
course  of  instruction,  while  after  the  first  year  studies  may  be  selected  at  the 
option  of  the  student.  Miss  Anna  P.  Lill,  the  principal,  is  assisted  by  two 
gentlemen  professors  and  fourteen  lady  teachers,  whose  departments  are 
suited  to  the  various  needs  of  the  pupils.  The  president  of  the  board  of 
trustees  is  Prof.  Joseph  Emerson,  of  Beloit,  Wis.;  the  secretary,  Pev. 
Frank  P.  Woodbury,  of  Rockford,  111. 

EOCKFOED    PUBLIC    LIBEAEY. 

The  importance  of  such  a  fruitful  means  of  education  is  appreciated 
in  this  county,  and  soon  alter  the  passage  of  the  state  law  (March  7,  1872), 
authorizing-  cities  to  provide  by  a  tax  of  one  mill  on  the  dollar  for  their 
establishment  and  maintenance,  the  city  council  of  Rockford  hastened  to 
avail  themselves  of  its  privileges.  In  June  of  that  year,  an  ordinance  was 
passed,  establishing  a  library  and  reading  room  for  the  general  public.  The 
mayor,  S.  G.  Bronson,  appointed  the  following  directors:  Melancthon 
Starr,  Elias  Casper,  S.  C.  Withrow,  D.  S.  Clark,  Frank  P.  Woodbury, 
Henry  C.  Mabie,  N.  C.  Thompson,  J.  G.  Knapp,  and  C.  L.  Williams,  who 
were  to  hold  office  for  three  years,  three  retiring  annually.  N.  C.  Thomp- 
son was  elected  President,  and  Elias  Casper,  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  at  the 
first  meeting  of  the  Board,  on  the  24th  day  of  June,  1872.  Two  commit- 
tees were  appointed  to  select  a  room  and  prepare  an  appeal  to  the  citizens 
for  assistance  to  advance  the  enterprize,  whose  reports  were  subsequently 
carried  out,  by  renting  an  apartment  in  Wallach's  Block,  now  occupied  by 
the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  for  ^350  per  annum,  and  the  free 
distribution  of  the  address  as  well  as  its  publication  in  the  city  papers. 

The  reading  room  was  nicely  fitted  up,  and,  on  the  occasion  of  the 
formal  opening,  a  goodly  number  of  periodicals  having  been  provided,  the 
Board  called  a  meeting  of  the  citizens,  which  was  largely  attended.  On 
this  occasion  (Tuesday  evening,  July  2,  1872),  $2,000  was  subscribed, 
and  Miss  Mary  B,  Rankin  elected  temporary  librarian.  Among  other 
donations  at  and  before  this  time  may  be  mentioned  those  of  Mrs.  W.  P. 
Dennis,  eighty-six  volumes,  thirty-eight  being  bound  volumes  of  "Harper's 
E'ew  Monthly  Magazine,"  from  Yolume  I  to  XXXYIII  inclusive,  and  that 
of  H.  P.  Holland,  sixty  volumes  of  Universal  History.  At  this  time  the 
library  did  not  contain  over  two  hundred  volumes. 

The  o^eneral  manaorement  of  the  rooms  was  deleo-ated  to  the  executive 
committee  appointed  at  the  August  meeting  of  the  Board,  and  the  by-laws, 
rules,  and  regulations  were  adopted  in  September,  as  well  as  the  election  of 
the  present  efficient  librarian,  Mr.  W.  L.  Rowland,  whose  appointment  bears 
date  Sept.  17th,  1872.  On  the  30th  of  this  month.  $2,000  worth  of' books 
were  ordered.  Nov^ember  of  that  year  found  1,313  books  in  the  library, 
six  hundred  and  seven  of  which  were  acquired  by  donation,  the  remainder 
by  purchase.  From  this  date  there  was  a  steady  increase  in  the  number  of 
volumes  until  the  opening  of  the  library  for  loaning,  Feb.  1st,  1873,  when 
there  were  2,326  books  which  had  been  catalogued  in  writing,  and  91  peri- 


414  HISTORY    OF   WrmSTEBAGO   COTJNTY. 

odicals.     At  the  June  meeting  of  the  Board  (1877),  the  beginning  of  the 
hbrary  year,  the  treasurer  reported  as  follows: 

Received  on  private  subscriptions $1,773.11. 

Unpaid  private  subscriptions -.  2,160.50. 

From  fines,  delinquent  readers .- 18.00. 

City  tux,  1872 2,027.21. 

Delinquent  tax  not  collected. 136.79. 

Total ij;6,115.61. 

Disbursements  to  date 3,520.88. 

In  Auo^ust  of  that  year,  Mr.  Rowland,  having  associated  with  himself 
Miss  Lizzie  J.  Williamson,  as  assistant,  prepared  an  accurate  86-page  cata- 
logue of  the  8,000  volumes  in  the  library.  This  was  supplemented  by 
another  in  March,  1874,  of  twenty-four  pages,  and  in  April,  1875,  by  still 
another,  of  sixty  pages,  containing  in  all  the  titles  of  6,000  volumes. 

In  July,  1876,  the  library  was  transferred  to  its  present  commodious 
location  over  the  post  office,  with  the  addition  of  only  $150  to  its  expenses, 
making  the  annual  rent  §500.  The  rooms  are  hnely  fitted  up,  the  greater 
proportion  of  the  expense  being  borne  by  voluntary  subscription.  In  the 
reading  rooms  there  are  four  daily  papers,  thirty-five  weeklies,  sixteen 
monthlies,  and  live  quarterlies.  During  the  past  year  it  was  estimated  that 
there  were  over  one  hundred  thousand  persons  who  visited  them,  including 
the  citizens  of  the  city.  At  the  present  time  there  are  in  "the  library 
7,028  volumes  in  all,  whose  large  circulation  is  indicative  of  the  reading 
habits  of  its  patrons. 

Present  officers:  Dr.  A.  E.  Goodwin,  President;  E.  Casper,  Yice 
President;  O.  F.  Barbour,  Secretary  and  Treasurer;  Wm.  L.  Kowland, 
Librarian;  Miss  Lizzie  J.  Williamson,  Assistant. 

CHURCHES. 

First  Methodist  EjyisGopal  Church  was  organized  as  a  class  at  the 
house  of  D.  S.  Haight,  in  September,  1836,  by  the  Rev.  William  Royal, 
and  numbered  five  members.  Rev.  Dr.  Arnold  was  the  first  preacher  in 
charge.  In  1845  the  present  church  edifice  was  erected,  and  in  1872  and 
1873  the  parsonage  was  built.  Number  of  members,  170.  Pastor,  Rev. 
H.  Crews.     T.  G.  Lawler,  Superintendent  of  Sunday-school. 

Court  Street  M.  E.  Church  was  organized  in  1853,  with  forty  mem- 
bers, being  originally  a  part  of  the  First  M.  E.  Church,  assuming  its  pres- 
ent name  under  the  charge  of  R.  F.  Read.  During  the  next  year,  under 
the  pastorate  of  Rev.  W.  F.  Stewart,  its  present  house  of  worship  was 
erected.  Number  of  members,  500;  average  attendance  at  Sunday-school, 
325;  Superintendent,  S.  C.  Withrow. 

Third  Street  M.  E.  Clturch  was  organized  by  Rev.  Hooper  Crews,  in 
1841,  with  a  membership  of  80  persons,  and  their  present  edifice  was  erected 
soon  after,  while  Rev.  P.  Heath  was  pastor,  at  a  cost  of  $8,000.  In  1866,  it 
was  remodeled  and  refitted.  Number  of  members,  230;  Rev.  W.  H.  Burns, 
Pastor;  average  attendance  at  Sunday-school,  188;  Superintendent,  W.  H, 
Worthington. 

South  Rockford  M.  E.  Church  was  organized  March  24.  1864,  with 
22  members.  It  grew  out  of  a  Sabbath-school,  formed  by  W.  T.  Stewart, 
of  Court  Street  M.  E.  Church,  which  was  begun  in  1858.  During  1864-5, 
the  present   edifice  was  erected,  at  a  total  cost  of  $14,000.     Number  of 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  415 

members,  260;    Rev.  R.  S.  Cantine,  Pastor;  average  attendance  at  Sunday- 
school,  250;  33  officers  and  teachers;  H.  M.  Skinner,  Asst.  Superintendent. 

Swedish  M.  E.  Church.  Tiie  first  meetings  of  this  church  were  held 
in  tlie  Westminster  Presbyterian  Church,  an  old  building  formerly  occupied 
b}'  that  society.  Oct.  22,  1860,  Rev.  Victor  Witting  perfected  the  organi- 
zation, with  a  list  of  12  members.  The  new  editice  was  dedicated  Oct.  22, 
1876,  and  cost,  with  parsonage,  about  $11,000.  Number  of  members,  140; 
Rev.  John  Wigrew,  Pastor;  average  attendance  at  Sunday-school,  100;  G. 
A.  Johnson,  Superintendent. 

First  Congregational  Church.  This  cliurch  was  organized  May  5th, 
1837,  with  eight  members.  Soon  afterward,  under  the  pastorate  of  Rev. 
John  Morrill,  a  plain  frame  church  was  built,  and  in  1845  another,  still 
larger,  of  brick,  was  erected,  at  a  cost  of  $8,000,  where  the  Church  wor- 
shipped twenty-six  years.  During  the  years  1870-1,  the  present  edifice  was 
built,  at  a  cost  of  $50,000.  Number  of  members,  755;  Rev.  Wilder 
Smith,  Pastor;  average  attendance  at  Sunday-school,  250;  Superintendent, 
N.  S.  Robinson. 

Second  C ongregational  Church,.  This  church  was  organized  Nov.  7, 
1849,  by  42  members,  who  had  obtained  their  dismissal  from  the  First  Con- 
gregational Church  for  the  purpose.  Rev.  Lansing  Porter  was  the  tirst 
pastor.  The  present  church  edifice  was  dedicated  in  1858,  and  in  1871  it 
was  practically  rebuilt,  at  an  expense  of  $12,000.  Number  of  members, 
445;  present  Pastor,  Rev.  F.  P.  Woodbury;  average  attendance  at  Sunday- 
school,  250;  Superintendent,  William  A.  Talcott. 

First  Baptist  Church  was  organized  Dec.  22,  1834,  with  17  members, 
who  began  their  worship  in  a  small  frame  building.  Rev.  Solomon  Knapp 
was  their  first  pastor.  From  1848  to  1850,  services  were  held  in  the  court- 
house, and  during  the  latter  year  their  present  stone  building  was  com- 
pleted.    Number  of  members,  150;  Rev.  John  S.  Mabie,  Pastor. 

State  Street  Baptist  Church  was  organized  in  1858,  with  34  constitu- 
ent members.  They  worshipped  in  a  small  Irame  building,  at  the  corner 
of  Peach  and  North  Fifth  streets,  for  a  number  of  years,  erected  during 
the  pastorate  of  Rev.  E.  C.  Mitchell,  who  was  called  soon  after  organiza- 
tion. November  18,  1868,  their  present  house  of  worship  was  dedicated, 
and  cost  $30,000.  Number  of  members,  333;  Rev.  E.  K.  Chandler,  Pas- 
tor; average  attendance  at  Sunday-school,  185;  Superintendent,  L.  A. 
Trowbridge. 

Emanuel  CJnirch — E'piscopalian.  Organized  by  Rev.  Dudley  Chase, 
May  4,  1849.  The  first  edifice  was  dedicated  August,  1853,  but  has  been 
enlarged  several  times  since.  They  are  without  a  pastor  at  the  present 
time. 

First  Presbyterian  Church.  This  church  was  organized  in  the  court- 
house, Feb.  1,  1854,  with  35  members,  under  the  pastoral  supervision  of 
Rev.  Hugh  A.  Brown,  a  minister  sent  here  by  the  presbytery.  In  1868, 
their  present  edifice  was  erected.  No  pastor  at  present.  Number  of  mem- 
bers, 200. 

Westminster  Preshyterian  Church  was  organized  January  3,  1856, 
with  22  members,  14  of  whom  were  from  the  First  Congregational  Society. 
Their  present  house  of  worship  was  erected  in  1858.  Number  of  mem- 
bers, 174;  Rev.  Jolm  Ritchey,  Pastor. 

St.  James''  Catholic  Churchy  Rockford,  at  pne  time,  was  at  the  head  of 
the  mission  that  embraced  the  county  of  Boone,  as  well  as  parts  of  McHenry 


416  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

and  Ogle  Counties.  The  churcli  here  was  organized  by  Rev.  Father  John 
A.  Hampton,  in  1850,  and  two  years  later  it  erected  a  frame  structure,  in 
which  it  worshipped  seventeen  years.  Rev.  John  Dorelan,  who  was  pastor 
from  1860  to  1866,  when  he  died.  Number  of  communicants,  400  fami- 
lies, about  2,000  souls.  Present  Pastor,  Rev.  Dr.  Thaddeus  J.  Butler. 
The  Sunday-scliool  is  largely  attended. 

Ckurch  of  the  Christian  Union.  Organized  in  September,  1870. 
The  first  services  were  held  Oct.  9,  1870,  in  Brown's  Hall,  by  the  Rev.  Dr. 
T.  Kerr,  and  in  a  few  days  thereafter  115  signed  the  roll.  JSTumber  of 
members,  225;  Rev.  T.  Kerr,  Pastor. 

Church  of  the  Discijjles.  Organized  February,  1854,  with  22  mem- 
bers. Their  church  edifice  was  built  in  1856,  and  cost  $2,400.  Present 
number  of  members,  60;  Sunday-school,  about  50.  Pastor,  L.  D.  "Waldo; 
Superintendent,  B.  H.  Whitmer. 

Swedish  Lutheran  Church.  Rev.  E.  Carlson,  of  Chicago,  in  1853 
began  to  preach  to  his  countrymen  in  an  old  school  house,  on  the  East  Side, 
which  stood  near  the  public  square.  On  the  15th  of  January,  1854,  the 
church  was  organized,  with  45  members.  A  church  was  built,  but  soon 
became  too  small,  owing  to  the  great  tide  of  immigration,  and  January  15, 
1870,  their  present  church  edifice  was  dedicated.  It  cost  $25,000.  Num- 
ber of  communicants,  920;  Sunday-school,  about  400.  Rev,  G.  Peters  is 
Pastor  and  Superintendent.  Connected  with  this  church  is  a  parish  school, 
that  has  an  average  daily  attendance  of  60  scholars;  C.  A.  Johnson, 
Principal. 

MANUFACTURES. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

N.  C.  Thompson  began  business  at  this  place  in  1859.  His  principal 
manufactures  are:  "Badger"  hay  rake,  "Coming's"  hay  press;  "John  P. 
Manny"  self-rake,  reaper  and  mower;  "Gorham"  sulky  and  walking  culti- 
vator; the  "Diamond"  plows,  of  all  sizes;  "Sears'"  sulky  and  gang  plows; 
"Richardson's"  attachment  for  making  at  will,  a  sulky  out  of  an  ordinary 
plow;  corn-stalk  cutters,  and  "Thompson's"  string  binder  for  harvesters, 
that  for  the  last  four  seasons  has  been  well  received.  His  sales  are  princi- 
pally in  Illinois,  Indiana,  Ohio,  Wisconsin,  Iowa  and  Minnesota.  He  em- 
ploys 175  men,  and  his  productions  are  favorably  known  in  the  localities 
mentioned  above. 

HBriggs  &  Enoch,  Plow-makers.  This  firm  was  established  some  years 
ago  by  a  Mr.  Skinner,  the  first  patentee  of  the  sulky  plow,  under  the  name 
of  Skinner,  Briggs  &  Mead.  Mr.  Mead  having  sold  out  to  Mr.  Enoch  in 
1866  or  1867,  and  Mr.  Skinner  dying  in  1872,  the  business  has  been  sus- 
tained by  the  above  named  gentlemen.  Their  principal  productions  are 
plows,  of  all  kinds  and  sizes- — ^riding,  walking,  gang,  and  breaking.  Their 
sales  are  made  west  of  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  rivers.  They  employ  sixty 
men,  and  average  about  fifty  plows  per  day. 

Emerson,  Talcott  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  agricultural  implements. 
J.  H.  Manny  invented  the  combined  reaper  and  mower,  and  in  1852  formed 
a  partnership  with  Wait  Talcott,  for  their  manufacture.  In  1856  or  1857, 
Ralph  Emerson  came  in  as  a  partner,  and  Mr.  Manny  died  soon  after.  The 
firm  has  changed  somewhat  since  their  first  organization,  and  recently  be- 
came a  stock  company,  with  the  above  caption.     They  make  hand  and  horse 


i 


DU  RAN  DTP. 


,-^^<^y 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  419 

corn-planters, "Ceres,"  "Star,"  and  "Standard"  corn  cultivators;  riding,  walk- 
in<T  and  combined  "Standard"  broadcast  seeder,  four  sizes;  "Economist" 
self-raking  reaper;  new  "Manny"  combined  self-rake  reaper  and  mower; 
"Acme"  mower;  besides  a  variety  of  smaller  articles  of  iron,  among 
which  are  brackets,  hitching  posts,  etc.  Their  trade  extends  east  as 
tar  as  New  York,  west  to  California  and  the  Sandwich  Islands,  and  south  to 
Texas,  the  greater  proportion  being  in  the  Northwest,  They  employ  from 
one  to  two  hundred  men.  Officers  of  the  company:  Ralph  Emerson,  Presi- 
dent; Daniel  Goodlander,  Yice  President;  Wm.  A.  Talcott,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer;  J.  Herva  Jones,  Superintendent. 

Wra.  A.  Knowlton,  farm  machinery;  began  business  here  in  1872. 
He  makes  "Knowlton's"  combined  and  single  reaper;  "Paddock's"  sulky 
hay  rake,  as  well  as  one  of  his  own  pattern;  "Eclipse"  riding  and  walking 
cultivators;  "Dexter,"  and  "Dexter,  Jr.,"  walking  cultivators;  besides  do- 
ing general  machine  and  foundry  work.  His  business,  from  $60,000  to 
$75,000  per  annum,  is  well  scattered  over  the  Northwest.  His  manufactory, 
on  Race  street,  furnishes  labor  for  seventy  men. 

Bertrand  &  Sames  began  the  manufacture  of  their  "Riding  Corn  Culti- 
vator" at  this  place  in  1860.  Their  business,  of  from  $15,000  to  $30,000 
per  year,  extends  all  over  the  corn  growing  states. 

John  P.  Manny,  manufacturer  of  reapers  and  mowers.  In  1818,  J.  H. 
Manny  and  his  father  made  the  first  "header,"  and  in  the  succeeding  year 
manufactured  them  quite  largely,  but  lost  money,  the  machines  being  too 
cumbersome  and  costly  for  general  use.  In  1850,  J.  H.  Manny  invented 
the  combined  reaper  and  mower,  which,  in  after  years,  brought  about  the 
law  suit  with  C.  H.  McCormick,  upon  which  Abraham  Lincoln  and  Edwin 
M.  Stanton  were  employed.  It  resulted  in  Mr.  Manny's  favor.  This  year,- 
defective  sickles  caused  the  failure  of  the  machines.  J.  H.  Manny  and  his 
father  becoming  bankrupt,  J.  P.  Manny  then  began  their  manufacture,  and 
in  1852  he  made  the  sickles.  The  machines  were  a  complete  success  this 
year,  receiving  at  Geneva,  N.  Y.  (the  first  public  trial  when  reaping  and 
mowing  machin<;s  were  demonstrated  to  be  economically  useful  to  the  gen- 
eral farmer),  the  first  prize  as  mowers  and  second  prize  as  reapers.  Mr.  J. 
H.  Manny,  then  upon  flattering  representations  of  the  Water  Power  Co.  at 
Rockford,  settled  in  this  city  and  continued  the  making  of  reapers  with  Mr. 
Talcott,  J.  P.  Manny  having  the  contract  to  furnish  the  sickles.  This  he 
continued  to  do  until  Mr.  J.  H.  Manny's  death,  the  last  of  January,  or  first 
of  February,  1856,  when  he  began  manufacturing  for  himself,  the  two- 
wheeled  combined  reaper  and  mower,  which  he  had  jubt  patented.  A  few 
years  afterward  he  contracted  with  N.  C.  Thompson,  for  their  manufacture, 
the  territory  west  of  the  Mississippi  reverting  to  him  in  1866,  and  Illinois 
and  Wisconsin  in  1877.  He  makes  from  500  to  1,000  machines  per 
annum. 

Mr.  F.  H.  Manny  began  business  in  this  place  in  1859,  manufacturing 
the  "J.  II.  Manny"  reaper,  and  a  fanning  mill.  Shortly  afterward  he  intro- 
duced the  "Manny"  seeder,  and  then  a  riding  corn  cultivator.  He  employs 
about  seventy-five  men  for  ten  months  in  the  year.  His  shop  is  on  Race 
street. 

Pumps. — Wells  of  from  fifty  to  one  hundred  twenty-five  feet  in  depth 
are  common  in  this  country,  and  necessitated  a  well-constructed  pump. 
W.  D.  Trahern  bea:an  this  branch  of  industry  in  this  city  in  1862.  He 
makes  pumps  of  all  kinds  at  his  shops  on  the  corner  of  Wyman  and  Mill 

23 


420  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

streets.  He  employs  thirtj-five  men,  and  distributes  his  work  mostly  in 
the  Northwest. 

A.  W.  Woodward  also  makes  pumps  for  the  wholesale  trade.  He 
began  here  in  December,  1872.  A  water-wheel  governor  is  also  one  of 
his  leading  articles. 

Paper-mills. — Building  paper  is,  in  an  economical  point  of  view, 
assuming  considerable  imj)ortance.  The  Kenny  Brothers  began  this  indus- 
try at  Rockford  in  1872.  They  supply  largely  several  paper  box  makers  in 
New  York,  Boston  and  Philadelphia,  with  straw  board.  They  have  eighteen 
men,  and  their  mill  on  Hace  street  has  a  capacity  of  from  four  to  five  tons 
daily. 

The  Rockford  Paper  Company,  of  Messrs.  Rhoads  &  Utter,  established 
here  in  1865,  make  fine  and  coarse  wrapping  papers,  which,  besides  their 
local  trade,  are  sold  in  Iowa,  Minnesota,  Illinois  and  Wisconsin.  They 
employ  thirty  men. 

Flour  and  Grist  Mills. — Of  these,  there  are  four.  T.  Derwent  &  Son, 
on  the  West  Side,  employ  seven  men,  and  produce  flour  in  large  quantities 
at  their  mill  on  Mill  street.  They  have  eight  run  of  stone,  and  the  neces- 
sary machinery,  including  that  used  in  making  the  "New  Process"  flour. 

On  the  East  Side,  the  Forest  City  Mills  of  J.  Cox  &  Son,  and  the 
Reaper  City  Mills  of  J.  G.  Chick,  were  controlled  by  the  firm  of  Chick  & 
Cox,  beginning  business  here  in  November,  1871.  August  16,  1877,  they 
separated.  The  Forest  City  Mills  employ  ten  men,  producing  about  100 
barrels  of  flour  per  day,  which  is  principally  sold  to  the  citizens  of  Rock- 
ford  and  vicinity.  The  Reaper  City  Mills  have  a  capacity  of  400  barrels 
per  day,  and,  at  present,  a  force  of  fourteen  men.  Their  sales  are  princi- 
pally in  the  North-west. 

The  grist-mill  of  Joseph  Rodd  was  a  saw-mill  in  1844,  owned  by  Wil- 
lard  Wheeler.  It  became  a  grist-mill  in  1856,  when  Mr.  Rodd  purchased 
it,  and  for  a  long  time  was  the  only  mill  doing  custom  work  in  this  part  of 
the  county.     It  employs  three  men,  and  is  managed  by  T.  G.  Lavvler. 

RocKFORD  Bolt  Works.— This  firm  became  a  stock  company  last  July, 
having  begun  business  here  in  1866.  Their  sales  are  local — to  the  agricul- 
tural implement  manufacturers  here.  Their  works  are  on  Race  street,  and 
furnish  labor  for  thirty-five  employees. 

Knitting  Factory. — This  is  indeed  a  curiosity.  Here  are  machines 
that  knit  the  whole  sock,  toe,  heel,  and  all;  when  one  is  completed,  drop  it 
into  a  receptacle  below,  and,  without  stopping,  begin  another.  The  propri- 
etors, Messrs.  Burson  &  Nelson,  are  pioneers  in  this  department,  having 
invented  and  perfected  the  first  successful  machine  of  this  kind  in  the 
United  States.  They  began  in  1868,  and  now  employ  seventy-five  hands, 
who  turn  out  100  dozen  socks \per  day  of  all  grades.  Their  business  extends 
from  Cleveland  and  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  to  Denver,  Colorado.  They  are  also 
makers  of  the  seamless  sock  knitting  machine. 

W.  S.  Stearns  also  manufactures  hosiery,  in  the  Masonic  Block,  as  well 
as  the  cotton  mill. 

Scroll  Saws. — One  of  the  enterprises  that  started  from  small  begin- 
nings in  1870,  is  the  scroll  saw  shop  of  Messrs.  W.  F.  &  John  Barns.  They 
make  a  number  of  kinds  of  foot  power  saws  for  amateurs,  as  well  as  shop 
work.  They  have  received  orders  from  most  of  the  civilized  countries  of 
the  globe.  Their  shops  in  the  Emerson  building  give  employment  to 
twenty-five  men. 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO   OOUNTT.  421 

Extension  Rules. — ^A  new  industry  was  originated,  November,  1S76. 
Mr.  E.  D.  Waterbury,  who  had  patented  an  extension  rule,  a  very  useful 
article,  formed  a  partnership  with  Mr.  E.  Smith,  for  its  manufacture.  The 
machinery  for  making  was  yet  to  be  made — it  could  not  be  bought — but 
the  inventive  minds  of  the  firm  were  equal  to  the  occasion,  and  have  suc- 
ceeded in  this  as  well,  tlie  machine  that  rivets  on  the  ])ins  that  hold  the 
brass  sides  being  quite  a  novelty.  Recenth'  Mr.  Smith  has  bought  out  the 
others,  and  now  controls  the  business.  He  employs  fifteen  men  at  his  shop 
in  the  Emerson  building. 

-  Brushes. — The  Rockford  Brush  Company  make  everything  in  this  line, 
from  a  small  sash  tool  to  a  seven  or  eight-inch  kalsomining  brush,  including 
scrubbing,  horse,  shoe,  and  clothes  brushes.  The  company  was  organized 
in  April,  1877,  but  enjoy  quite  a  trade. 

Barrels. — O.  A.  Crandall  began  the  making  of  this  important  adjunct 
to  the  flour  producing  interests  here,  in  1865.  He  employs  ten  men,  who 
turn  out  aunually  45,000  barrels,  mostly  used  here.  In  this  same  shop, 
also,  Messrs.  Crandall  &  Durham  make  the  "  Seamen's  Washer,"  employing 
four  men,  who  complete  about  1,500  of  these  useful  articles  yearly,  which  find 
a  sale  in  the  neighboring  States. 

Stea^i  Bakery. — The  Rockford  Steam  Bakery  was  operated  for  some 
years  as  a  bread  making  establishment,  but  in  1872  began  the  exclusive 
manufacture  of  crackers,  of  which  they  produce  about  100  barrels  per  day 
of  all  varieties.  These  are  distributed  on  a  parallel  west  from  Rockford  to 
Yankton,  Dakota.     They  employ  twenty-tive  men. 

"Woolen  Mill. — Dyson  &  Yan  Wie  own  the  only  woolen  mill  in  the 
place.  This  mill  began  to  be  used  for  this  purpose  in  1864.  At  present, 
the  firm  employ  twelve  men,  who  make  cassimeres,  flannels,  yarn,  etc. 
Their  goods  are  sold  in  the  Northwest. 

Pattern  M^vking. — In  a  manufacturing  centre  like  Rockford,  pattern 
and  model  makers  are  not  only  desirable,  but  necessary.  For  the  last  year 
there  have  been  about  60  applications  to  the  patent  ofiice  of  the  United 
States  for  patents  from  citizens  of  this  county.  This  is  indicative  of  the 
business  of  model  makers  here.  Messrs.  Savage  &  Love  began  this  class  ot 
work  in  June,  1874.  Their  shop  on  Mill  street  furnishes  employment  for 
three  workmen.     They  are  also  general  millwrights. 

Wm.  Jent  also  is  engaged  in  the  making  of  models,  and  pays  special 
attention  to  tlic  building  of  wood  working  machinery.  He  employs  twelve 
men  in  his  shop  on  Mill  street.  One  of  his  specialties  is  a  machine^  for 
making  barbs  for  fence  wire. 

Wire  Works. — Messrs.  Lockwood  &  Lyman  are  interested  in  the 
weaving  of  wire  cloth,  beginning  here  in  a  small  way  about  four  years  ago. 
They  make  screen  wire  of  all  kinds,  with  a  power  loom,  said  to  be  the  only 
one  in  the  United  States,  paper-makers'  wire  cloth  being  their  specialty. 
Their  annual  sales  of  $30,000  are  principally  made  in  the  Northwest  and 
South.     They  employ  twenty  men  in  their  shop  on  Wyman  street. 

Spaffbrd,  Parmele  &  Co.  are  on  the  East  Side,  at  the  corner  of  North 
First  and  Market  streets,  and  are  engaged  in  the  same  occupation,  making 
wire  goods  of  all  descriptions.  Their  sales  average  about  $30,000  annually, 
and  are  made  in  California  and  the  Northwest.  They  employ  twenty-seven 
men. 

Foundries,  Iron  Works,  Etc. — The  Utter  Manufacturing  Company, 
successors  to  Clark  and  Utter,  do  a  general  jobbing  business  in  iron  work. 


422  HISTORY   OF   WTNITEBAGO    COUNTY. 

making  a  specialty  of  mill  machinery.  They  also  make  the  "Gorham" 
Broad  Cast  Seeder  and  Cultivator,  as.  well  as  a  corn  cultivator.  Their 
works  on  Race  street  are  the  oldest  on  the  water  power.  They  work  sixty- 
five  men. 

Mr,  F.  "Ward  established  himself  here  as  a  foundryman  in  1874.  He 
employs  fifteen  men  at  his  shop,  on  Wyman  and  Main  streets,  making  the 
"Boss"  Corn  Planter  as  a  specialty,  the  greater  part  of  his  work  being  for 
local  trade. 

RocKFORD  Malleable  Iron  Works. — Until  a  few  years  ago,  it  was 
thought  that  any  implement  or  part  of  a  machine  that  ought  to  have  extra 
strength  must  be  hammered  out  of  wrought  iron.  Now  malleable  iron  is 
cast  like  cast  iron,  with  the  exception  that  the  castings  are  annealed  for  some 
length  of  time  before  they  are  fit  for  service.  Messrs.  D.  Forl)es  &  Son,  who 
had  established  a  foundry  here  in  1854,  began  this  branch  of  the  business  in 
1864,  when  there  were  none  like  it  west  of  Cincinnati.  This  industry  has 
grown  into  considerable  importance.  This  firm,  under  the  name  of  Eock- 
ford  Malleable  Iron  Works,  employ  fifty  men  and  make  plow  attachments 
of  all  descriptions,  and  other  implements  of  like  character. 

E.OCKFORD  Watch  Company. — This  company  was  oi'ganized  March  4, 
1874,  with  a  capital  that  was  shortly  afterward  increased  to  $165,000. 
Their  factory  on  South  Main  street,  East  Rockfoi'd,  manufactures  twenty 
grades  of  the  "Quick  Train"  watch.  They  employ  120  operatives,  with  a 
monthly  pay  roll  of  $6,000.  The  building  is  heated  by  steam  and  derives 
its  power  from  the  same  source.  Ofiicers  of  the  company:  Levi  Rhodes, 
president;  IT.  W.  Price,  vice  president;  H.  P.  Holland,  secretary  and 
treasurer. 

Boots  and  Shoes. — R.  Anglemyer  manufactures  boots  and  shoes  of 
the  heavy  grades.  His  shop,  near  State  street,  has  a  capacity  of  100  pairs 
of  men's,  women's,  misses'  and  children's  shoes,  as  well  as  twenty-four  pairs 
of  boots,  per  day.     He  employs  ^at  the  present  time  twelve  men. 

Furniture. — The  Rockford  Union  Furniture  Company  was  organized 
as  a  co-operative  association  of  twenty-five  members,  Feb.  15,  1876.  Their 
capital,  $40,000,  is  divided  among  twenty-four  members  at  the  present  time, 
one  of  their  number  having  sold  out.  They  employ  thirtj^-five  men,  and 
make  bedsteads,  bureaus,  center  and  dining  tables,  and  book-cases,  which 
are  sold  in  the  Northwest.  Officers:  John  Erlander,  president;  John  Pear- 
son, vice  president;  P.  A.  Pederson,  secretary;  Joseph  Peters,  treasurer; 
Jonas  Peters,  superintendent. 

Forest  City  Furniture  Company.— Gilbert  Woodrufi",  president;  C.  H. 
Keith,  secretary  and  treasurer;  A.  C.  Johnson,  superintendent.  This  com- 
pany was  organized  in  October,  1875.  They  have  a  capital  of  $50,000,  and 
employ  seventy-five  men.  They  make  bedsteads,  chamber  suits  and  tables. 
Their  works  and  office  are  at  the  corner  ot  Seventh  and  Rail  Road  avenues. 

C.  G.  Burnap,  at  the  water  power  on  Main  street,  makes  a  specialty  of 
book-cases,  as  well  as  finishing  offices,  churches,  etc.  He  employs  five 
men,  and  began  this  branch  a  year  ago  last  April. 

Brewers. — The  Rockford  Brewery,  J.  Peacock  proprietor,  was  estab- 
lished in  1849.  At  present  it  furnishes  labor  for  five  men,  but  with  a 
double  force,  can  make  5.000  barrels  of  ale  and  beer  annually.  Location, 
North  Main  street.  East  Rockford. 

Fisher's  Brewery  began  work  in  1868.  It  employs  four  or  five  men, 
and  averages  sixteen  barrels  per  day. 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  423 

John  W.  Diamond,  822  South  Main  street,  and  the  Oak  Grove  Brew- 
ery, Beloit  Road,  are  also  engaged  in  tliis  occupation. 

Cotton  Mills. — Graham  &  Company,  manufacturers  of  grain  bags, 
batting,  twine,  hosiery,  etc.,  began  business  in  this  city  in  1865.  They 
employ  150  operatives.  Their  sales  last  year,  which  aggregated  $250,000, 
were  principally  made  in  Iowa,  Minnesota,  Wisconsin  and  Illinois. 

Oat  Meal  Mills. — This  industry  was  organized  Sept.  14, 1872,  by  A. 
M.  Johnston  &  Co.  They  manufacture  from  25,000  to  30,000  barrels  of 
oat  meal  yearly,  which  is  sold  in  all  the  larger  cities  of  the  United  States, 
with  an  occasional  shipment  to  Great  Britain.     They  have  fourteen  hands. 

Planing  Mills. — Of  these,  there  are  three  principal  ones — T.  J.  Der- 
went,  who  also  makes  sash,  doors  and  blinds,  and  J.  F.  Landus  (estate), 
next  to  Briggs  &  Enoch;  both  on  the  water  power.  Geo.  Bradley,  303  and 
305  South  Main  street,  who  uses  steam. 

Tanneries. — Messrs.  Munthe  &  Haegg,  tanners  of  buckskins,  furs, 
and  string  leather;  also  manufacturers  of  gloves,  mittens,  etc.  They  began 
operations  here  in  October,  1875.  They  employ  five  men,  and  have  re- 
cently moved  into  the  building  owned  by  H.  W.  Price. 

Hess  &  Stone  are  also  tanners  of  harness,  calf,  kip  and  upper  leather 
This  establishment  was  built  by  Geo.  D.  Edson,  in  1859,  and  was  owned 
and  operated  by  several  parties  for  a  number  of  years  as  a  chemical  tan- 
nery, until  the  i3resent  firm  adojited  the  old  fashion  oak  process.  They  em- 
ploy six  men,  and  make  their  sales  in  the  Northwest. 

Wagons  and  Carriages. — Anton  Neumister,  'No.  119  North  Main 
street.  East  Rockford, 

August  Neumister,  No.  212  and  214  East  State  street. 

John  Thoreson,  No.  320  and  322  South  Main  street. 

Ford  &  Fellows,  No.  113,  115  and  117  North  Main  street. 

Reeves  &  Dunphy,  No.  513  West  State  street.  " 

Childs  &  Merrick,  South  Main  street;  and  several  others. 

Paper  Box  Mantjfacturers. — Shurer  &  Cammond,  No.  327  East 
State  street. 

Lime  Kiln. — R.  A.  Shepherd,  No.  920  Horsman  street. 

Distillery. — Freeman  Graham,  No.  1310  South  Main  street.  East 
Rockford. 

Cigars. — E.  A.  Gardner,  No.  414  East  State  street. ' 

E.  C.  Byers,  No.  213  West  State  street. 

Electro  Yapor  Baths. — Dr.  G.  W.  Brown,  No.  Ill  West  State  street. 

Miscellaneous. — West's  Enamel  Carriage-Top  Dressing  has  become 
quite  popular.  Mr.  L.  M,  West,  inventor,  began  the  business  in  1863,  and 
now  does  a  wholesale  trade  principally,  making  100  gallons  daily,  at  $4.50 
per  gallon. 

G.  A.  Shoudy,  soap  and  candles,  bought  out,  in  1869,  J.  H.  Morrill, 
who  opened  this  business  here  in  1857.  Mr.  Shoudy  has  increased  the 
capacity  of  the  works  until  they  are  worth  $15,000.  He  makes  hard,  soft, 
and  toilet  soaps,  employing  from  ten  to  twelve  men  for  the  purpose. 

Rockford  Gas-Light  and  Coke  Co. — Mr.  T.  Butter  worth  bought 
out  this  company  in  1856  or  '7,  and  has  continued  the  business  ever  since. 
He  makes  10,000,000  feet  per  year;  8,000,000  to  private  consumers,  and 
2,000,000  for  the  street  lamps,  of  which  there  are  161. 

Rockford  Insurance  Company. — Org.inized  December  22,  1866.  Be- 
gan work  January  1, 1867.    Capital,  $100,000.    Insures  dwellings  and  farm 


424  HISTORY   OF   -WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

property  only.  Its  business  is  confined  to  the  Northwest.  They  employ 
fifteen  persons  in  tlieir  office,  in  the  Second  National  Bank  building. 
Officers  of  the  company — S.  M.  Church,  President;  Wm.  Watson,  Sec'y. 

Forest  City  Insukance  Company. — Organized  August  13,  1874. 
Chartered  capital,  $500,000.  This  company  also  insures  dwellings  and 
farm  property  only.  Business  in  the  Xorthwest.  Officers  of  the  com- 
pany— Gilbert  Woodruff",  President;  C.  W.  Sheldon,  Sec'y. 

RocKFOBD  MusEuist. — Dr.  E.  C.  Dunn  is  proprietor  of  this  collection. 
It  contains  a  variety  of  instructive  objects  of  interest,  being  especially  rich 
in  coins,  guns,  and  works  of  Chinese  art.  It  also  has  the  tablet  taken  from 
a  mound  near  here,  an  engraving  of  which  appears  elsewhere  in  these  pages. 

LODGES,   ASSOCIATIONS,  ETC. 

MASONIC. 

RocKFOKD  Lodge,  No.  102. — Organized  Feb.  13,  A.  D.  1851,  under 
a  dispensation  from  C.  G.  T.  Taylor,  Grand  Master,  the  following  members 
constituting  its  first  membership:  Alfred  E.  Ames,  W.  M. ;  William  Ly- 
man, S.  W. ;  Henry  Carpenter,  J.  W. ;  Charles  Spaflx)rd,  Treas. ;  Wm.  Hu- 
lin.  Secy;  Edward  H.  Baker,  S.  D.;  Ansel  Keufield,  J.  D.;  John  Fraley, 
Chaplain;  Jas.  P.  Burns,  Tyler;  Wm.  F.  Ward,  Jesse  Blinn,  Buel  G. 
Wheeler.  This  lodge  was  constituted  under  its  present  charter  November 
26,  1851.  Present  officers— Seely  Perry,  W.  M.;  John  S.Johnston,  S. 
W.;  H.  H.  Stone,  J.  W.;  E.  B.  Perry,  Treas.;  J.  B.  Nash,  Secy.  Number 
of  members,  175.  Meets  the  first  and  third  Thursday  evenings  of  each 
month. 

Star  in  the  East  Lodge,  No.  166. — Present  number  of  members, 
135.  This  lodge  was  organized  February  12,  1855,  under  a  dispensation 
from  James  L.  xlnderson,  Grand  Master,  the  following  brethren  consti- 
tuting its  first  officers  and  members,  viz:  E.  F.  W.  Ellis,  W.  M.;  E.  H. 
Cotton,  S.  W. ;  Wm.  M.  Bowdoin,  J.  W. ;  Wm.  Hulin,  Secv.  and  Treas. ;  S. 
G.  Chellis,  S.  D.;  Jos.  K.  Smith,  J.  D.;  Jos.  Burns.  Tyler;  C.  I.  Hors- 
man,  B.  G.  Wheeler  and  G.  W.  Reynolds,  Stewards;  John  A.  Holland, 
Charles  H.  Richings,  Dexter  G.  Clark,  Adam  McClure,  Holder  Brownell. 
The  lotige  was  constituted  under  its  present  charter  October  3,  1855.  Pres- 
ent officers— B.  A.  Webber,  W.  M.;  W.  L.  Nevius,  S.  W.;  W.  E.  Der- 
went,  J.  W. ;  Samuel  Norton,  Treas.;  Andrew  M.  Ross,  Secy.  Number  of 
members,  162.     Meets  the  first  and   third  Fridav  evenings  of  each  month. 

E.  F.  W.  Ellis  Lodge,  U.  D.— Hall,  No.  124  South  Main  street,  west 
side.  Regular  meetings,  second  and  fourth  Thursdays  of  each  month. 
This  Lodge  was  organized  Dec.  10,  1868,  under  a  dispensation  from  Har- 
mon G.  Reynolds,  Grand  Master,  the  following  brethren  constituting  its 
officers  and  members,  viz:  Seymour  G.  Bronson,  W.  M. ;  George  M.  Smith, 
S.  W.;  Joseph  W.  Seccomb.  J.  W.;  Edward  K.  Conkling,  Sec;  Joseph 
Burns,  Treas.;  Evans  Blake,  S.  D.;  John  Segar,  J.  D.;  William  Yan  Ar- 
nam  and  Calvin  Ford.  Stewards;  Adam  S.  Lake,  Tyler;  C.  L.  Robinson, 
J.  Henry  Burns,  Henry  S.  Warner,  John  R.  Porter,  S.  G.  Burroughs,  E. 
W.  Beattie,  E.  B.  Sears,  N.  A.  Walker,  Jas.  H.  Reynolds,  Samuel  M.  Jones, 
C.  O.  Upton,  J.  G.  Knapp,  Charles  Pannell,  Julius  Gerber,  Wm.  Ashworth, 
Hugh  Ross,  John  W.  Bingham,  11.  P.  Stockton,  G.  W.  Reynolds,  Reuben 
Wood,  C.  I.  Horsman,  C.  H.  Richings,  Henry  Richings,  J.  L.  Parker, 
Eliphaz  Smith,  Horace  Chandler,  Geo.  W.  Rohr,  Wm.  G.  Cushman,  D.  D. 
Ailing,  William  Dyson,  Horace  Brown.     Present  officers :     John  T.  Lakin, 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  426 

"W.  M.;  J.  C.  Garvin,  S.  W.;  David  Turkenkopp,  J.  W.;  Joseph  Burns, 
Treas. ;  Julius  Gerber,  Sec.     Number  of  members,  105. 

"Winnebago  Chapter,  JSTo.  24. — Hall,  No.  124  South  Main  street,  west 
side.  Regular  meetings,  first  and  third  Tuesdays  of  each  month.  This 
Chapter  was  organized  Dec.  12,  1854,  under  a  dispensation  from  Louis 
Watson,  Grand  High  Priest,  the  following  constituting  its  first  ofiicers 
and  members,  viz:  A.  Clark,  H.  P.;  Chauncey  Hay,  K. ;  W.  F.  Parrish,  S.; 
H.  Miltimore,  Sec;  John  A.  Holland,  L.  P.  Pettibone,  JR.  H.  Cotton,  Ab- 
ram  Morgan,  G.  D.  Palmer,  Ansel  Kenfield.  The  Chapter  was  constituted 
under  its  present  charter,  Dec.  18, 1855.  Present  oflBcers:  Frank  H.  Austin, 
H.  P.;  C.  A.  Kitchen,  K.;  Walter  Van  Alstine,  S.;  E.  K.  Conklin,  Sec; 
"Wm.  Yan  Arnam,  Treas.     Number  ot  members,  185. 

SiNNissiPFi  Council,  No.  30. — Hall,  No.  124  South  Main  street,  west 
side.  Present  number  of  members  fifty.  This  Council  was  organized 
Sept.  24,  1866,  the  following  constituting  its  first  ofiicers  and  members, 
viz:  S.  G.  Bronson,  T.  I.  G.  M.;  J.  R.  Porter,  Dep.;  E.  K.  Conklin,  P.  C; 
E.  B.  Perry,  C.  G.;  Wm.  Yan  Arnam,  Treas.;  Sam'l  E.  Burroughs,  Re- 
corder; D.  D.  Ailing,  Steward;  Wm.  Nichols,  Sentinel;  W.  D.  E.  Andrus, 
H.  H.  Dean,  G.  D.  Palmer,  J.  Lakin,  D.  Goodlander,  Geo.  S.  Haskell,  M. 
D.  Chamberlain,  W.  T.  Smithett,  J.  Friedman. 

Crusader  Commandery,  No.  17,  K.  T. — Asylum  No.  124  South  Main 
street.  Organized  under  dispensation  Aug.  28,  1865,  with  Wm.  T. 
Smithett,  E.  C;  Geo.  S.  Haskell,  G.;  Wm.  W.  Wood,  Capt.  Guard. 
Formally  instituted  Nov.  6,  1865,  with  the  following  officers  and  members: 
W.  D.  E.  Andrus,  E.  C;  S.  W.  Stone,  G.;  H.  H.  Daen,  C.  G.;  F.  L.  Yin- 
cent,  P.;  J.  R.  Porter,  S.  W.;  I.  S.  Hyatt,  J. W.;  D.  D.  Ailing,  Treas.;  E. 
W.  Beattie,  Recorder:  Geo.  S.  Haskell,  Standard  B.;  Geo  Mentzer,  Sword 
B.;  R.  S.  Norman,  Warden;  Wm.  Nicholas,  C.  G.;  W.  T.  Smithett,  G.  D. 
Palmer,  J.  Lakin,  E.  K.  Conkling,  T.  H.  Dearborn,  Allen  Marshall.  Pres- 
ent officers — R.  E.  Bailey,  E.  C. ;  C.  L.  Robinson,  G. ;  James  H.  Manny, 
C.  G.;  1.  S.  Montgomery,  P.;  C.  A.  Sanborn,  S.  W.*;  J.  P.  Perkins,  J.  W.; 
J,  P.  Seargent,  Treas.;  F.  D.  Emerson,  Recorder,  Number  of  members, 
114.  Meets  in  Masonic  Hall,  the  first  and  third  Wednesday  evenings  of 
each  month. 

ODD-FELLOWSHIP. 

Winnebago  Lodge,  No.  31,  I.  O.  O.  F. — The  charter  of  Winnebago 
Lodge,  No.  31,  of  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  of  Rockford,  was 
issued  by  George  W.  Woodward,  Grand  Master  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  in 
1847,  to  the  following  named  charter  members,  viz:  Selden  M.  Bronson, 
Ansel  Kenfield,  Dewitt  Clinton  Briggs,  Frederick  H.  Maxwell  and  Rev. 
Nathaniel  P.  Heath.  The  lodge  was  instituted  by  Past  Grand  Master  S.  S. 
Jones,  on  Wednesday  evening,  August  11,  A.  D.  1847,  the  place  of  meet- 
ing being  in  Horsman's  block.  West  Side.  The  first  officers  ot  the  lodge 
were— F.  II.  Maxwell,  N.  G.;  D.  C.  Briggs,  Y.  G.;  C.  1.  Horsman,  War- 
den; Wm.  R.  Hazard,  O.G.;  S.  M.  Bronson,  Secy;  S.  H.  Hundson,  Treas.; 
Wm.  McKenney,  I.  G.  Present  officers — Thomas  Butterworth,  N.  G.;  G. 
W.Norton,  Y.  G.;  Dr.  L.  L.  Bunt,  R.  S.;  E.  C.  Roberts,  P.S.;  W.  L.  Prouty, 
P.  S.     Number  of  members,  95.     Meets  everv  Mondav  evening. 

Social  Lodge,  No.  140,  I.  O.  O.  F.— Instituted  Feb.  6,  1854.  Offi- 
cers— Thomas  W.  Jones,  N.  G. ;  Geo.  Pratt,  Y.  G. ;  Thomas  Beal,  Treas. ; 
H.  W.  Tebitts,  Secy.  Number  of  members,  71.  Meets  every  Friday 
evening. 


426 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 


Daughters  of  Rebecca,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  Anchor  Lodge,  No.  84. — Insti- 
tuted April  26,  1875.     Officers— H.  E.  Wells,  N.  G.;  Mrs.  : Consinn, 

y.  G.;  Mrs.  E.  J.  Turner,  Secy;  Mrs.  J.  Beal,  Treas.  Number  of  mem- 
bers, 79.  Meets  the  third  Saturday  of  each  month,  alternately,  in  Winne- 
bago and  Social  Lodge  halls. 

RocKFORD  Encampment,  No.  44,  I.  O.  O.  F. — The  dispensation  for 
this  encampment  was  granted  by  Most  Worthy  Grand  Patriarch  Chas. 
Trumbull,  Aug.  5,  1857,  to  the  following  Patriarchs  as  charter  members: 
James  Fleming,  J,  H.  Clark,  Hugh  Strickland,  Enos.  C.  Clark,  G.  A. 
Stiles,  Jos.  Schloss,  and  Robt.  Smith,  and  was  instituted  by  Deputy  Grand 
Patriarch  A.  E.  Jenner,  Aug.  26,  A.  D.  1857.  Present  officers:  L.  A. 
Weyburn,  C.  P.;  Henry  Cox,  S.  W.;  A.  S.  Atchley,  H.  P.;  E.  A.  Roberts, 
Scribe;  W.  A.  Prouty,  Treas.  Number  of  members,  75.  Meets  the  sec- 
ond and  fourth  Tuesday  evenings  of  each  month. 

Arthur  Lodge,  No.  31,  Knights  of  Pythias. — Instituted  June  2U, 
1872.  Officers:  Frank  W.  Gerould,  C.  C;  W.  H.  McCutchin,  Y.  C;  C. 
H.  Wolsey,  K.  R.  &  S,;  A.  S.  Atchley,  M.  of  E.  Number  of  members, 
63.  Meets  the  second,  fourth  and  fifth  Wednesday  evenings  in  each 
month. 

patriotic  order  of  sons  of  AMERICA. 

Washington  Camp,  No.  1. — Organized  June  6,  1876.  Officers:  S.  F. 
Weyburn,  P.  P.;  John  H.  Warren,  Pres. ;  Solomon  Lane,  V.  P.;  Lorenzo 
Bunt,  M.  of  F.  &  C;  Paul  L.  Mayo,  R.  S.;  Geo.  W.  Sherer,  Treas.; 
Joseph  Bacharach,  F.  S.  Number  of  members,  40.  Meets  the  first 
and  third  Thursday  evenings  of  each  month 

Washington  Camp,  No.  3. — Organized  July  3,  1877.  Officers:  Frank 
W.  Gerould,  Pres.;  John  Hamilton,  Y.  P.;  Frank  Noble,  M.  of  F.  &  C; 
Charles  Penfield,  Sec;  Arthur  H.  Frost,  F.  S.;  E.  B.  Perry,  Treas.  Num- 
ber of  members,  39.  Meets  the  second  and  fourth  Tuesday  evenings  of 
each  month. 

ancient  ORDER  OF  UNITED  WORKMEN. 

SiNissippi  Lodge,  No.  35,  A.  O.  U.  W. — Organized  January,  1877. 
Officers:  D.  A.  Elmore,  P.  M.  W.;  J.  T.  Savage,  M.  W.;  F.  LockWood,  G. 
F.;  John  Elliott,  O. ;  Jerry  Barnes,  Recorder;  D.  K.  Harines,  F.;  Fred 
Mutimer,  R.     Number  of  members,  37.     Meets  every  Thursday  evening. 

Forest  City  Lodge,  No.  12,  A.  O.  U.  W.— Instituted  April,  1876. 
Officers:  L.  A.  Weyburn,  P.  M.  W.;  J.  B.  Lockwood,  M.  W.:  David  Mit- 
chell, G.  F.;  J.  W."  Bartlett,  O.;  Lewis  Lake,  Recorder;  J,  D.  Burns,  F. 
Number  of  members,  60.     Meets  every  Wednesday  evening. 

Reaper  City  Lodge,  No.  36,  A.  O.  U.  W. — Organized  March,  1877. 
Officers:  R.  H.  Ross,  P.  M.  W.;  Dr.  H.  C.  Gill,  M.  W.;  J.  B.  Medler,  G. 
F.;  J.  E.  Yan  Demark,  O.;  A.  E.  Bunt,  Recorder;  G.  W.  Yestal,  F.; 
Thomas  Emmet,  R.  Number  of  members,  41.  Meets  ever}^  Tuesday 
evening. 

Skandia  Lodge,  No.  54,  A.  O.  U.  W. — Organized  April,  1877.  Offi- 
cers: C.  A.  Lungren,  P.  M.  W.;  S.  F.  Weyburn,  M.  W.;  C.  A.  Johnson, 
G.;  0.  A.  Lundquist,  O.;  Dr.  L.  F.  Foot,  Recorder;  Wm.  Kerr,  F.;  John 
Landain,  R.     Number  of  members,  40.     Meets  every  Tuesday  evening. 

temperance  organizations. 
RooKFORD  Temperance  Alliance. — Organized  February,  1875.     Pres- 
ent officers:  James  La  Mont,  President;  several  Yice  Presidents;  F.  L. 


HISTOBT   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  429 

Passon,  Secretary;  C.  L.  Williams,  Treasurer.  Number  of  members,  800. 
Meets  the  first  Thursday  eveniuo;  of  each  month. 

RocKFORD  Reform  Club. — Organized  Oct.  15,  1875.  Officers:  James 
Regan,  President;  Dr.  B.  J.Tvellogg,Yice  President;  Frank  H.  Kelley.  Sec- 
retary.    Number  of  members,  130. 

Spaffoku  Lodge,  No.  500, 1.  O.  of  G.  T. — Organized  February  19, 1876. 
Present  officers:  E.  C.  Coppins,  W.  C.  T.;  Atice  McKinley,  W.'V.  T.;  F. 
F.  Follet,  W.  S.;  W.  A.  Robley,  W.  F.  S. ;  Mrs.  —  Colson,  W.  T.  Number 
of  members,  15.     Meets  every  Tuesday  evening. 

Excelsior  Lodge,  No.  709,  I.  O.  of  G.  T. — South  Rockford.  Organ- 
ized Jan.  16,  1866.  Officers:  W.  L.  Calkins,  W.  C.  T.;  Mrs.  Margaret 
Gould,  W.  Y.  T.;  A.  Patterson,  W.  R.  S.;  A.  S.  Waddle,  W.  F.  S.  Number 
of  members,  65.     Meets  every  Tuesday  evening. 

Forest  City  Teiniple  of  Honor,  No.  2. — Organized  Nov.  8,  1876. 
Officers:  S.  Lane,  W.  C.  T.;  W.  H.  C.  Miller,  W.  Y.  T.;  Frank  Kelly,  W. 
R.;  E.  C.  Coppins,  W.  F.  R.;  James  Alberts,  W.  T.  Number  of  members, 
40.     Meets  every  Monday  evening. 

Woman's  Temperance  Union. — ^Organized  March  27,  1874.  Officers: 
Mrs.  John  Backus,  President;  several  Vice  Presidents;  Mrs.  S.  M.  I.  Henry, 
Corresponding  Secretary;  Mrs.  Malancthon  Starr,  Recording  Secretary; 
Mrs.  S.  B.  Wilkins,  Treasurer.  Number  of  members,  120.  Meets  Thurs- 
day afternoons. 

St.  James  Total  Abstinence  Society. — Organized  April  2,  1873.  Offi- 
cers: W.  J.  Johnson,  President;  Thomas  Weldon,  Vice  President;  Thomas 
McGrath,  R.  S.;  Arthur  McKneely,  C.  S.;  P.  H.  Walsh,  Treasurer.  Num- 
ber of  members,  100.  Meets  the  first  Wednesday  evening  of  each  month, 
and  the  third  Sunday  afternoon. 

miscellaneous. 

Rockford  "Burns"  Club. — Organized  Nov.  5,  1858.  Officers:  I). 
K,  Ferguson.  President;  Wm.  McGregor, Yice -President;  John  Micklcjohn, 
Secretary;  Archibald  Smith,  Treasurer;  Geo. Wilson,  Librarian.  Number  of 
members,  about  60.  Meets  the  second  and  fourth  Tuesday  evenings  of 
each  month. 

Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  G.  L.  Nevius  Post,  No.  1. — Organ- 
Oct.  10,  1866.  Present  officers  :  T.  G.  Lawler,  P.  C;  J.  B.  Nash,  S.Y.  C; 
H.  L.  Wilmott,  J.  V.  C;  T.  W.  Cole,  Q.  M.;  David  LaMott,  Adjt.  Nuni- 
ber  of  members,  175.  Meets  the  second  and  third  Monday  evenings  in 
each  month. 

Rockford  Rifles,  Co.  B,  3d  Regt.  I.  S.  G. — Organized  July  10,  1876. 
Military  officers:  T.  G.  Lawler,  Captain;  H.  N.  Starr,  First  Lieutenant;  T. 
W.  Gerould,  Second  Lieutenant.  Civil  officers:  T.  G.  Lawler,  President;  J. 
C.  Garner,  Yice  President;  C.  C.Jones,  Secretary;  Chandler  Starr,  Treas- 
urer.    Number  of  members,  81.     Meets  every  Friday  evening. 

Y.  M.  C.  A. — Organized  May  19,  1876.  Their  rooms  are  in  Wallace's 
Block.  Officers:  H.  L.  Tapper,  President;  L.  A.  Trowbridge,  E,  P.Thomas, 
Vice  Presidents;  C.  E.  Sheldon,  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Meets  Monday 
evenings,  and  Sundays  at  5  p.  m. 

Rockford  Germania  Gesang  Yerein. — A  German  singing  club.  I. 
Bacharach,  President;  C.  Henry,  Yice  President;  T.  Radecker,  Secretary; 
Philip  Minsinger,  Treasurer;  August  Dedrickson,  Leader.  Number  of 
members.  40.     Meets  the  first  Tuesday  evening  of  each  month. 


430  HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

WINNEBAGO. 

This  township,  one  of  the  best  in  the  conntj  for  general  agricultural 
purposes,  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  the  town  of  Burritt,  east  bv  the  town 
of  Rockford,  south  by  the  town  of  Byron  (Ogle  County),  and  west  by  the 
town  of  Seward,  and  contains  an  area  of  21,089  97-100  acres  of  land.  The 
first  settler  was  David  Adams  Holt,  who  settled  here  in  1835,  making  his 
claim  on  Section  34. 

What  may  seem  a  little  singular,  the  first  death  and  the  first  birth 
occurred  in  the  family  of  the  first  settler  in  the  township.  Harriet  Holt, 
now  deceased,  was  born  in  June,  1836,  and  her  father,  David  Adams  Holt, 
died  July  13,  1839.  It  was  also  in  the  house  of  this  first  settler  the  first 
school  was  taught. 

William  Holt  came  some  time  during  1836,  and  settled  on  Section  26. 
He  was  a  man  of  great  physical  powers  of  endurance,  and  every  way  a  good 
man,  and  one  who  took  an  active  part  in  the  dissemination  of  religious 
truths  among  the  people  of  that  early  day,  being  a  consistent  and  devoted 
member  of  the  Methodist  church.  Another  brother,  Elijah  Holt,  also  came 
the  following  year,  1837,  and  settled  on  Section  35.  Like  his  brother  Wil- 
liam, Elijah  was  a  man  of  strong  religious  convictions,  and  to  the  Holt 
brothers,  perhaps,  may  be  attributed,  in  a  great  measure,  the  founding  of 
that  deep-seated  and  permanent  moral  influence  that  has  always  prevailed 
in  this  township. 

In  1838,  Alby  Briggs,  also  from  i^ew  York,  settled  on  Section  33.  In 
1839,  Duty  Hudson  and  two  of  his  brothers,  Richard  L.  and  Horace,  came 
in  and  settled  on  the  same  section  (33)  with  Briggs.  To  Duty  Hudson  is 
due  the  honor  of  opening  the  first  public  house  in  the  township,  which  was 
known  from  Chicago  to  Galena,  in  fact  in  all  parts  of  the  country  from 
which  travelers  to  this  part  of  the  country  came,  as  the  "Buck  Horn  Tav- 
ern."*' It  was  made  a  station  in  the  stage  route  between  Chicago  and 
Galena,  and  was  generally  known  as  Westfield  Corners.  It  was  the  first 
post-oflice  established  in  this  part  of  the  counly,  and  when  it  was  estab- 
lished, Duty  Hudson  was  appointed  Post  Master.  It  is  now  marked  on  the 
map  as  Elida.  The  first  store  in  the  township  was  also  opened  at  West- 
field  Corners,  by  Albert  Wilson,  in  1853.  It  was  a  small  grocery  store,  and 
carried  on  with  limited  means. 

The  Hudsons  were  men  of  great  force  of  chai'acter  and  influence,  and 
are  credited  by  tiieir  fellow  citizens  and  neighbors  with  giving  shape  and 
character  to  the  public  undertakings  of  their  town.  Richard  L.  Hudson 
served  as  County  Commissioner  two  years,  being  elected  in  August,  1847. 

In  1844  Alonzo  Hall  came  here  from  London,  Canada  West,  and 
settled  on  Section  34.  Subsequently  he  purchased  1,500  acres  of  land,  and 
engaged  largely  in  agricultural  pursuits.  At  one  time  he  had  600  acres 
under  cultivation,  and  at  another  time,  between  1846-9,  he  had  in  his  j)as- 
tures  1,500  sheep.  In  1849  he  raised  300  acres  of  wheat,  but  it  became 
badly  injured  by  rust,  which  so  discouraged  him  that  he  abandoned  wheat 
growing.  In  1850,  together  with  some  of  his  friends,  he  made  an  overland 
trip  to  California,  where  he  died,  Nov.  21,  of  that  year.  John  Burch, 
another  Canadian,  settled  on  Section  32,  in  1839.  John  Burch,  Jr.,  came  at 
the  same  time.  The  senior  Burch  was  another  man  of  religious  convic- 
tions and  practices,  and  was  a  class  leader  in  the  first  M.  E.  church  society 
organized  in  the  township.     In  1845,  Demos  W.  Grippen  came  in  from  New 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  431 

York,  and  settled  on  Section  31.  When  the  war  of  the  rebellion  came  on, 
he  was  an  old  man,  but  he  made  himself  look  young,  enlisted  in  the  army 
without  bounty,  served  his  time,  and  again  enlisted.  David  Vaiiston  came 
from  Canada  West  in  1839,  and  settled  on  Section  30,  and  always  exercised 
a  healthy  and  beneficial  influence  in  religious  and  political  circles.  He  was 
a  generous  and  hospitable  citizen,  and  strangers  and  neighbors  always  found 
a  warm  welcome  at  his  table  and  at  his  fireside.  David  C.  Lewis  came  here 
from  Michigan,  in  1845,  and  commenced  life  among  the  Winnebago  set- 
tlers by  working  for  fifty  cents  per  day.  Afterwards  he  worked  at  hii> 
trade,  that  of  carpenter,  and  subsequently  moved  into  the  village  of  Win- 
nebago, and  probably  did  more  in  the  way  of  building,  to  improve  the 
town,  than  any  one  man. 

This  embraces  a  list  of  the  early  and  more  influential  citizens  of  the 
township,  as  we  have  been  enabled  to  gather  them.  There  are,  no  doubt, 
many  others  equally  worthy  of  special  mention,  but  their  names  are  not 
recorded  on  the  paper  so  kindly  submitted  for  the  benefit  of  this  book. 

The  county  of  Winnebago  was  organized  under  an  act  of  the  Legisla- 
ture, January,  1836.  An  election  for  county  ofticers  was  held  on  the  first 
Monday  in  August  of  the  same  year,  which  was  the  first  day  of  that  month. 
On  Wednesday,  the  3d,  the  first  meeting  of  the  Board  of  County  Commis- 
sioners was  held.  Among  the  first  business  of  the  Board  was  the  establish- 
ment of  the  boundary  lines  of  precincts  for  election  and  other  municipal 
purposes.  Seven  precincts  were  thus  established,  among  which  was  Rock- 
ford,  which  was  made  to  include  township  26,  range  11,  east  of  the  fourth 
principal  meridian,  and  township  44  and  the  south  half  of  township  45, 
ranges  1  and  2,  east  of  the  third  principal  meridian,  embracing  all  of  the 
present  towns  of  Winnebago  and  Guilford,  the  most  of  Rockford,  and  the 
south  half  of  Owen  and  Harlem.  July  9,  1839,  the  County  Commissioners 
ordered  that  ''all  of  town  26,  north  of  range  11,  east  of  the  third  principal 
meridian,  except  the  north  tier  of  sections  of  said  township,  together  with 
sections  5,  6,  7  and  8  in  town  43  north,  range  1  east  of  the  third  principal 
meridian,  and  section  31  in  town  44,  range  1  east,  should  be  detached  from 
the  Rockford  and  Kishwaukee  precincts,  and  erected  into  a  separate  pre- 
cinct, to  be  known  as  La  Prairie."  Edward  Warren,  Asa  Weldon  and  John 
Emmerson  were  appointed  to  be  judges  of  elections,  and  the  house  of  David 
A.  Holt  designated  as  the  place  where  the  elections  should  be  held.  The 
first  election  was  held  the  first  Monday  of  August  following.  As  shown 
by  the  old  poll-book,  on  file  in  the  county  clerk's  office,  xVsa  Weldon  did 
not  appear  as  one  of  the  three  judges  appointed  in  the  Commissioners' 
order  erecting  the  precinct,  and  Elijah  Holt  was  chosen  to  the  vacancy,  and 
Andrew  Malcolm  and  Abram  E.  Palmer  were  chosen  as  clerks  of  the  elec- 
tion. Fourteen  votes  were  polled,  and  thirteen  candidates  voted  for.  Ed- 
ward Warren  and  Abram  "E.  Palmer  were  candidates  for  justices  of  the 
peace;  the  former  received  13  votes,  and  the  latter  received  10  votes,  and 
Francis  A.  Stowell  received  13  votes  for  constable.  These  were  the  first 
])recinct  officers  elected  in  La  Prairie. 

July  6,  1843,  Joseph  Folsom  and  others,  petitioned  the  Board  of 
County  Commissioners  for  authority  to  change  the  voting  place  from 
Holt's  to  Duty  Hudson's,  at  Westfield  Corners  (now  Elida),  and  to  change 
the  name  of  the  precinct  from  La  Prairie  to  Westfield.  The  prayer  of  the 
petitioners  was  granted,  and  a  corresponding  order  entered  upon  the  Com- 
missioners' journal  of  proceedings.     August  7,  1843,  the  first  election  was 


432  msTOEY  OF  winitebago  county. 

held  after  the  chan^^e.  Duty  Hudson  and  Eh'jah  Holt  were  judges,  and 
Daniel  C.  Howell  and  J.  C.  Fuller  were  the  clerks.  Twenty-seven  votes 
were  polled  at  this  election,  and  twenty-six  candidates  were  voted  for.  Of 
the  twenty-six  candidates  voted  for,  four  of  the  number  were  elected  justices 
of  the  peace — Matthias  Davis,  D.  C.  Howell,  Elijah  Holt  and  John  Burch. 
In  August,  1847.  another  election  for  justices  of  the  peace  was  held,  when 
Alonzo  Hall  was  elected  to  succeed  Elijah  Holt,  and  Reuben  Alworth,  who 
came  to  be  called  the  "Ragged  Justice,"  was  elected  to  succeed  John  Burch, 
Sr.  Hall  had  no  opposition,  but  Rev.  James  Hodge  was  pitched  against 
Alworth.  The  election  of  the  latter  was  a  surprise  both  to  himself  and  the 
voters  of  the  precinct  at  the  time,  on  account  of  his  strong,  outspoken 
Democratic  sentiments.  A  large  majority  of  the  voters  were  Whigs,  and 
how  Alworth  succeeded  to  the  election  with  such  strong  odds  against  him, 
was  a  mystery  that  has  never  been  solved.  It  was  one  of  those  political 
marvels  past  all  finding  out. 

February,  1849,  the  General  Assembly  passed  an  act  to  enable  the 
people  of  the  State  to  vote  "for"  or  "against"  the  adoption  of  the  township 
organization  system  at  the  fall  election  of  that  year — 1849.  In  the  north- 
ern part  of  the  State  the  toMmship  plan  was  generally  adopted,  but  in  most 
counties  in  the  southern  part  of  the  State  the  old  system  of  county  manage- 
ment by  a  board  of  county  commissioTiers,  still  prevails.  The  emancipation 
from  the  old  order  of  management,  involved  many  details  and  changes  of 
names  of  precincts  or  voting  places,  the  establishment  of  new  voting  places, 
etc.  In  can*ying  out  the  measures  necessary  to  perfect  these  changes,  Messrs. 
Duncan  Fergnson,  Stephen  Mack  (who  settled  among  the  Winnebago 
Indians  in  1820,  and  married  one  of  their  women),  and  Henry  Crandall 
were  appointed  commissioners  to  define  and  establish  the  township  bound- 
aries and  also  to  name  them  agreeably  to  the  wishes  of  their  respective 
citizens.  By  some  misunderstanding,  the  name  of  Elida  was  given  to 
Westfield,  under  which  name  it  was  recorded,  and  continued  to  be  known 
until  1855,  when  the  citizens  petitioned  the  proper  authorities,  and  the  name 
was  changed  to  Winnebago. 

Elida  held  its  first  meeting  under  the  township  organization  law 
April  2,  1850.  Rev.  James  Hodges  was  the  moderator,  and  B.  F.  Upson 
the  clerk.  The  first  ofiicers  elected  were:  Supervisor,  Chauncy  Raj^; 
Town  Clerk,  Joseph  L.  Bruce;  Assessor,  Calvin  Briggs;  Collector,  Horace 
Hudson;  Commissioners  of  Highways,  Demos  W.  Grippen,  Thomas  Hall, 
and  Elijah  Holt;  Justices  of  the  Peace,  Reuben  Alworth  and  Benjamin  F. 
Upson;  Constables,  William  Hartwell  and  Jos.  D.  Warren;  Overseer  of 
the  Poor,  Alby  Bi-iggs. 

A  record  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Board  of  Auditors  was  read  at  the 
next  regular  town  meeting,  April,  1851,  but  was  not  entered  on  the  regis- 
ter; consequently  the  amount  paid  for  township  services  is  not  definitely 
known.  The  second  year  the  same  omission  appears,  and  it  is  not  until 
1854  that  any  such  record  Mas  entered,  when  the  following  exhibit  is  made: 

Paid  Assessor,  $10.50;  do.  Town  Clerk,  $7.75;  do.  Auditing  Board, 
$6.00;  do.  Commissioners  of  Highways,  $14.50;  total,  $44.75. 

The  first  land  purchase  made  at  the  Galena  Land  Office  was  by  Henry 
Schoonmaker,  who,  on  the  26tli  of  July,  1841,  entered  by  pre-emption  the 
east  half  of  the  southwest  quarter  of  section  twenty.  The  same  day  Joseph 
Folsom  entered  the  west  half  of  the  southwest  quarter  of  section  twenty- 
eight.     The  last  entries  were  made  in  1853. 


mSTOBY    OF   •WIKNEBAGO   COUNTY.  433 

The  first  school  was  commenced  in  a  part  of  the  house  of  David  A. 
Holt,  on  section  thirty-four,  opposite  where  W.  L.  Wrii^ht  now  lives,  Aug. 
3,  1S39,  by  Miss  Mary  Tr^adwell,  who  afterwards  married  Elijali  Holt.  It 
was  a  subscription  school,  and  the  house  in  which  it  was  tauo-ht  is  still 
standinf^.  In  1644,  a  frame  scliool  house  was  erected,  by  subscription,  and 
Miss  Treadwell  (or  rather  Mrs.  Elijah  Holt,  for  such  she  had  become  by 
nifirriage),  was  again  empl<.)yed  as  teacher,  at  a  salary  of  $2.00  per  week, 
and  to  board  herself.  Forty  scholars  were  enrolled,  and,  by  this  time  the 
mother  of  two  small  children,  she  often  rocked  the  cradle  and  heard  lessons 
recited  at  the  same  time. 

In  1851,  accordino^  to  the  local  exhibit  from  which  we  quote,  the  real 
estate  valuation  of  the  township  was  returned  at  $48,595;  personal  prop- 
erty, $24,518;  total,  $73,113.  Against  this  there  was  an  assessment  for 
taxes  as  follows: 

Real  iT^z^^/'e.— County  tax,  $145.76;  State,  $393.15;  Town,  $100.44; 
School,  $222.19.     Total  taxes  against  real  estate,  $761.54. 

Personal  Estate.— GoM\ity  tax,  $73.61;  State,  $147.89;  Town,  $50.66; 
School,  $93.35.  Total  taxes  against  personal  estate,  $365.51.  Grand  total, 
$1,127.05. 

In  1875  the  same  local  statistics  show  the  following  figures:  Keal  es- 
tate valuation,  $409,022;  town  lots,  |59,402;  personal  property,  $94,313. 
Total  valuation,  $562,737.  Against  this  valuation  the  tax  assessment  was 
as  follows: 

State  tax,  $1,691.69;  County,  $3,098.18;  Town,  $283.14;  School,  $4,- 
038.24;  Road  and  Bridge,  $193.82;  Delinquent  and  Road,  $110.16;  Dog, 
$18.00.     Grand  total,  $9,433.^.3. 

Recapitulation. — Total  valuation  of  taxable  property  in  1851,  $73,- 
113;  do.  in  1875,  $562,737;  increase  in  twenty-four  years,  $489,62i.  State 
tax  in  1851,  $441.04;  do.  in  1875,  $1,691.69;  increase,  $1,250.65.  County 
tax  in  1851,  $219.37;  do.  in  1875,  $3,098.18;  increase,  $2,878.81.  Town 
tax  in  1851,  $151.10;  do.  in  1875,  $283.14;  increase,  $132.04.  School  tax 
in  1851,  $315.52;  do.  in  1875,  $4,038.24;  increase,  $3,722.72.  Per  cent, 
on  the  dollar  in  1851,  nearly  .0155;  do.  in  1875,  .0168;  a  difference  of 
only  .0013. 

In  1875  the  number  of  acres  of  wheat  raised  was  1,802;  corn,  5,263; 
oats,  2,925;  meadow  land,  2,294;  other  products,  449;  inclosed  in  pasture, 
3,232;  orchards,  262;  wood  land,  1,222.     Total,  17,495. 

May  31,  1851,  a  terrible  hurricane  swept  through  this  township — 
striking  it  near  the  southwest  corner,  and,  traveling  in  a  northeast  direc- 
tion, its  course  was  marked  by  destruction  and  desolation.  The  residence 
of  William  Burch  was  torn  to  atoms,  and  his  wife,  Catharine,  one  daughter 
aged  four  j^ears,  and  another  one  aged  twenty-one  months,  killed  by  the  fly- 
ing timbers.  ISText  the  house  of  Curtis  Briggs  was  unroofed,  a  house  be- 
longing to  William  Hartwell  was  blown  down,  as  also  that  of  Deacon 
Alonzo  Gorham,  and  then  a  house  near  the  present  residence  of  Jacob  Hol- 
lenbeck.  Horses,  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs  were  picked  up  and  carried  for 
miles  by  it,  and  then  dashed  to  pieces.  Another  vein  or  branch  of  the  de- 
stroying fiend  blew  down  the  house  of  Abraham  Sweezy,  in  the  western 
part  of  the  town.  Before  it  struck  Winnebago,  it  swept  down  a  grout 
house  in  Seward  township,  about  twenty-five  rods  from  the  township  line. 
Seeing  the  monster  rushing  on  toward  their  house,  young  Asher  Miller  and 
his  ^vife  sprang  to  the  door  to  close  it,  but  their  united  strength  was  as  but 


434  HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

a  straw.  With  the  door,  they  were  thrown  out  into  the  open  air,  and  Asher 
Miller,  senior,  after  the  storm  had  passed  over,  was  found  in.  the  cellar,  cov- 
ered with  debris. 

War  Record.— Oi  their  patriotism  in  the  years  of  their  country's 
peril — from  the  spring  of  1861  to  1865 — the  people  of  Winnebago  town- 
ship, without  regard  to  age,  sex,  condition,  or  partisan  prejudices,  may  well 
be  proud.  July  4,  1861,  a  great  celebration  of  American  Independence 
was  held  in  the  village  of  Winnebago.  Melancthon  Smith,  an  attorney  of 
prominence  of  liockford,  was  the  orator  of  the  day,  and  in  the  course  of  his 
oration  said:  "More  Colonel  Ellsworths  may  be  murdered,  more  Lieuten- 
ant Grebels  may  fall,  but  the  war  must  go  on."  "  How  little,"  continues 
the  local  historian,  "did  any  of  us  dream  when  listening  to  those  stirring 
words  that  they  were  almost  prophetic  of  the  sad  death  of  the  speaker  him- 
self. Speeches  were  also  made  by  T.  A.  C.  Beard,  and  others,  and  a  spirit 
of  patriotism  aroused  that  manifested  itself  in  the  large  number  of  subse- 
quent enlistments  from  the  town.  From  that  time  forward  the  quota  of 
the  town  was  for  the  most  part  quickly  filled,  and  it  seemed  that  when  the 
74th  Regiment  was  being  raised  the  question  was  not  who  could  be  sent, 
but  who  could  be  kept  at  home."  Kot  more  than  nine  men  were  hired  by 
the  town  to  fill  its  various  quotas,  and  these  were  hired  almost  at  the  close 
of  the  war. 

This  township  raised  $3,000,  to  be  expended  for  war  purposes  under 
its  own  supervision,  besides  paying  its  full  share  of  county  war  tax,  amount- 
ing, as  estimated,  to  $10,000  more,  making  in  all,  $13,000.  Besides  this 
sum,  large  amounts  were  contributed  to  the  Sanitary  and  Christian  Com- 
missions, of  which  no  accounts  were  kej^t.  And  once  during  the  war, 
Amos  Miller  was  sent  to  the  front  with  a  large  supply  of  provisions  and 
delicacies  for  Winnebago's  Boys  in  Blue.  In  the  dark  days  of  the  "cruel 
war"— in  all  the  undertakings  of  the  husbands  and  fathers,  the  wives  and 
mothers  and  daughters  were  just  as  active  and  self-denying.  To  recount 
all  that  Winnebago  people  accomplished,  would  make  a  respectable  volume 
in  itself.  Their  good  deeds  are  too  numerous  to  be  recounted  in  full  in  a 
work  of  this  character,  however  gladly  we  would  like  to  do  so,  hence 
we  can  only  summarize  a  few  of  the  most  important. 

Miss  Tryphena  Pettis,  now  Mrs.  Wilcox,  of  Rockford,  left  a  good  posi- 
tion as  school  teacher,  to  ofier  herself  and  be  accepted  as  a  nurse  in  a  small- 
pox hospital  at  the  South.  Such  devotion  to  the  cause  of  one's  country 
and  its  sufiering  heroes,  rises  above  ordinary  human  nature,  and  deserves 
to  be  recorded  amon^  the  higtiest  and  best  deeds  of  the  world's  noblest 
women.  Mrs.  Alba  Miller  was  also  at  one  time  a  nurse  in  the  hospital  at 
Camp  Douglas,  Chicago,  leaving  the  comforts  and  pleasures  of  home,  that 
she,  too,  might  conti'ibute  to  the  relief  of  sufiering,  languishing  soldiers. 
These  are  the  names  of  two  of  the  noble  women  of  Winnebago;  but  the 
noblest  one  is  yet  to  be  mentioned.  The  name  of  that  woman  was  Mrs.  M. 
J.  Marchant,  afterwards  Mrs.  M.  J.  Upright.  Of  the  150  volunteers  con- 
tributed to  the  army  of  the  Union  from  Winnebago,  she  sent  ten  sons — 
one-iifteenth  of  the  whole  numher — and  only  I'egretted  the  fact  that  she  had 
not  ten  more  to  send!  There  is,  perhaps,  not  another  instance  of  the  kind 
on  record  in  the  war  histoiy  of  the  world!  On  being  complimented  on  the 
number  of  volunteers  she  had  provided  for  the  defence  of  the  Union,  she 
replied  that  if  she  had  known  thirty  years  before  that  the  war  was  coming, 
she  would  have  had  ten  more  to  respond  to  the  country's  call!     Of  such 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  435 

stuff  were  Winnebago's  women  made.  Two  of  theKse  ten  sons  were  killed 
in  battle;  one  returned  on  sick  furlough  and  died  at  home,  and  another 
was  wounded  and  crippled  for  life.  At  last  accounts  Mrs.  Upright  was 
living  in  the  State  of  Iowa. 

The  150  men  thus  furnished  the  army  from  this  township,  were  dis- 
tributed to  the  15th,  44th,  45th  74th  and  92d  Illinois  infantry,  and  the  8th 
and  9th  Illinois  cavalry  regiments.  Their  names  will  be  found  in  the  War 
Record  of  Winnebago  County,  which  is  elsewhere  published  in  this  book. 
WiiDiebago  Village. — Joseph  D.  Warner  built  the  first  house  on  the 
village  site.  In  1853,  the  Galena  and  Chicago  Union — now  known  as  the 
Chicago  and.  Northwestern  railroad — was  completed  through  Winnebago 
County,  and  on  the  30th  day  of  December,  of  that  year,  T.  D.  Robertson,  of 
Rockford,  surveyed  and  platted  the  village,  xlbout  the  same  time  a  post- 
office  was  established  here,  and  Warren  Shed  appointed  post-master.  Situated, 
in  as  fine  an  agricultural  district  as  can  be  found  anywhere,  it  is  the  centre  of 
a  good  trade,  and  a  depot  from  which  a  large  amount  of  grain,  stock,  etc.,  is 
annually  shipped  to  Eastern  markets,  it  being  estimated  that  the  railroad 
traffic  alone  amounts  to  $25,000  yearly.  The  population  is  very  nearly  600, 
made  up  of  intelligent,  refined  and  industrious  people.  In  1853,  Albert 
Wilson  opened  the  first  general  store,  which  was  followed  by  other  trading- 
houses  and  shoi3S  of  various  kinds,  until  now  there  are  about  thirty-five 
business  places,  whose  aggregate  yearly  transactions  amount  to  $152,528.57. 
The  annual  shipment  of  cattle  and  hogs  is  set  down  at  12,000  head,  and  of 
grain.  35,000  bushels.  We  append  the  names  of  a  few  of  the  heaviest  deal- 
ers and  the  yearly  aggregate  of  their  respective  business  transactions,  as  far 
as  reliable  data  can  be  had: 

J.  B.  Alexander,  dry  goods,  $12,000;  D.  C.  Lewis,  general  store,  $10,- 
000:  M.  M.  Swann,  general  store,  $25,000;  N.  &  F.  Corl,  carriage  manu- 
facturers, $5,000;  W.  E.  Canniford,  pump  manufacturer,  $5,450;  Jerry 
Jordan,  furniture,  $2,000 ;  Prescott  &  Vanston,  meat  market,  $4,000 ;  Grip- 
pen  &  Mellen,  druggists,  ^6,000;  Bert.  Cross,  livery,  $1,600.  There  are 
others  whose  business  is  large,  but  for  want  of  reliable  data,  their  names  are 
omitted,  although  they  are  none  the  less  worthy  of  mention. 

In  1855,  the  first  school,  Miss  M.  Webster,  teacher,  was  taught  in  Win- 
nebago, in  the  basement  of  the  M.  E.  church.  In  1858,  the  first  school 
house  was  built,  at  a  cost  of  $1,325.00.  The  present  graded  school  house 
cost  $9,200;  its  current  expenses  are  $2,200  per  annum,  with  an  average 
daily  attendance  of  122.  Teachers:  James  Ellis,  Principal;  Miss  Emma 
Moore,  Grammar  Dep't;  Miss  Sarah  Weld,  Intermediate;  Mrs.  Lettie  Tread- 
well,  Primary. 

Churches. — The  M,  E.  Church  was  organized  as  a  class,  with  nine 
members,  in  1839,  by  Rev.  Mr.  Worthington,  who  became  the  pastor.  John 
Buch,  Sr.,  was  the  class  leader.  When  .Rev.  Barton  Courtwright  was  pas- 
tor, in  1855,  the  church  at  Westfield  Corners  was  built,  at  a  cost  of  $2,200, 
the  society  having  100  members.  Rev.  Barton  Courtwright  is  now  pastor 
again. 

The  Congregational  Church  was  organized  July  11,  1846,  with  eight 
members.  On  the  3d  day  of  July,  the  following  year,  Rev.  James  Hodges 
was  elected  pastor,  and  remained  ten  years.  Rev.  S.  P.  Sloan  was  then 
called  to  the  pastorate,  and  in  October,  1854,  the  "stone  church  "  was  dedi- 
cated. Three  years  afterward  it  became  self-supporting,  and  during  the 
summer  of  1867  was  rebuilt.     Mr.  Sloan  remained  until  November,  1870. 


436  msTOEY  OF  winnebago  conNTlr. 

Rev.  Henry  M.  Daniels,  from  that  time  to  July,  1875,  and  Oct.  1,  1876, 
Rev.  Theodore  A.  Gardner  was  ordained  and  has  since  continued  pastor. 
Number  of  members,  127.    Average  attendance  at  Sunday-school,  100. 

The  M.  E.  Winnebago  Church  grew  out  of  the  class  of  R.  S.  Hudson. 
It  was  organized  as  a  church,  with  eleven  members,  in  1855,  by  Rev.  Bar- 
ton Courtwright.  Their  present  church  edifice  was  begun  in  1854,  and  com- 
pleted in  1860.  Pastor,  Rev.  A.  B.  Smart.  Number  of  members,  100, 
Average  attendance  at  Sunday-School,  about  70.  E.  G.  Stiles,  super- 
intendent. 

The  Middle  Creek  Presbyterian  Church  was  organized  in  Ogle  County, 
June,  1855.  Of  the  sixteen  original  members,  fifteen  came  from  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  Rockford.  In  1861  the  society  moved  into  this  village, 
and  in  the  same  3^ear  erected  a  church  edifice,  at  a  cost  of  $3,000.  The  first 
officers  of  the  church  were:  Rev.  W.  P.  Carson,  pastor;  Thomas  Meredith 
and  Robert  Douglass,  elders;  11.  B.  Roberts,  Robert  Bulland,  M.  Elliott, 
trustees.  Present  membership,  about  165;  Sunday-school,  150.  Rev.  J. 
S.  Braddock  has  been  pastor  twelve  years,  and  is  also  superintendent  of  the 
Sunday-school. 

The  Presbyterian  Church  of  Winnebago  was  organized  Aug.  23,  1868, 
with  twenty-four  members.  J.  J.  Smith  and  S.  C.  Grippen  were  chosen  as 
the  first  elders;  and  Robert  Prescott,  C.  Coneley  and  H.  B.  Roberts, 
trustees.  Rev.  Joseph  Braddock  was  the  pastor  from  1868  to  1870;  Rev. 
Wm.  A.  Gay,  from  1870  to  1873;  Rev.  Paul  H.  Pitkins,  from  1873  to  1875; 
and  Rev.  John  M.  Linn,  from  1875  to  the  present.  Present  membership, 
140;  Sunday-school  membership,  about  125.  Superintendent,  J.  W.  God- 
dard.    Their  present  house  of  worship  was  built  in  1869,  at  a  cost  of  $4,300. 

The  Free  Methodist  Church  of  Winnebago  w^as  organized,  with  ten 
memt)ers.  May  29,  1865.  The  following  year  a  church  costing  $3,500  was 
erected.  Pastor,  C.  P.  Miller.  Number  of  members,  88 ;  average  of 
Sunday-school  membership,  60. 

The  last  church  organized  was  by  the  Adventists,  in  1872,  with  forty- 
three  members.  The  first  officers  were:  C.  C.  Marston,  pastor;  —  Butman, 
elder;  Robt.  Spotswood,  deacon;  J.  M.  Hofi'man  and  Frank  Scott,  trustees. 
Present  membership,  25.  They  have  no  permanent  Sunday-school  organ- 
ization. 

Thus  there  are  seven  distinct  church  organizations,  with  a  total  mem- 
bership of  578,  and  a  Sunday-school  membership  of  438.  Cost  of  the  six 
church  edifices,  $19,000.  Pastors  per  year,  about  $5,500.  Since  the  village 
was  commenced,  in  1853,  nearly  seventy  dififerent  preachers  have  officiated 
for  a  longer  or  shorter  period  of  time. 

LODGES,    ETC. 

Winnebago  Lodge  No.  745,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. — Organized  Oct.  3d, 
1876,  with  sixteen  chatter  members,  as  follows:  Lyman  J.  Corbin,  John  R. 
Wells,  Wesley  R.  Gearhart,  Stephen  I.  Searls,  John  Tanner,  Ambrose  K. 
Searls,  Robt.  Prescott,  Daniel  M.  Sargent,  Wm.  H.  Patton,  Jeremiali  Jor- 
don,  Peter  H.  Seal,  Hezekiah  H.  Felch,  Hiram  T.  Thorne,  Porter  J.  Law- 
rence, Oliver  T.  Holcomb,  Wm.  H.  Keith.  Present  officers :  John  Tanner, 
TV.  M.;  John  R.  Wells.  S.  W.;  Ambrose  K.  Searls,  J.  W.;  Wm.  H.  Patton, 
Treasurer;  Wesley  R.  Gearhart,  Secretary.  Number  of  members,  22. 
Meets  the  first  and  third  Thursday  evenings  of  each  month. 

Winnebago  Lodge  No.  11,  I.  O.  G.  T. — Organized  April,  1877,  with 
fifteen  charter  members.     Officers:  C.  H.  Jacobs,  W.  C.  T.;    Mrs.  H.  W. 


PECATONICA 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAaO  OOTINTT.  439 

Carl,  V.  T.;  H.  W.  Carl,  R  S.;  David  Copeland,  F.  S.;  Mrs.  Lettie  Tread- 
well,  Treasurer.  Number  of  members,  45.  Meets  every  Thursday 
evening. 

WiNNEiJAGO  Grange,  JSo.  S64. — Organized  Jan.  9,   1873.     Officers: 

H.  H.  Miller,  M.;    G.  H.  Mariner,  Overseer;  T.  N.  Miller, ;  O.  K 

Gorliani,  Steward;  Geo.  Levings,  Secretary;  W.  H.  Lane,  Treasurer;  Mrs. 
M.  A.  Miller,  Ceres;  Mrs.  T.  G.  Levings,  Pomona.  Charter  members,  27; 
members  now,  60. 

Winnebago  Farmers'  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company.  —  Organ- 
ized Feb.  5,  1875.  This  is  a  home  company.  Entrance  fee  $1.00  on  the 
thousand  of  insured  property.  The  Treasurer  has  obligations  to  the  amount 
of  $166,789.  Officers:  Webster  Osborn,  President;  Reuben  Alworth,  Sec- 
retary; G.  H.  Mariner,  Treasurer. 


PECATONICA. 

This^township  was  settled  in  1835.  The  first  settlers  were  Ephraim 
Sumner,  now  of  Rockford;  William  Sumner,  Mrs.  Dolly  Guilford  (sister  to 
the  Sumuers),  Elijah  Guilford,  her  son,  and  Thomas  Hance  (erroneously 
called  Hame  on  page  236).  After  the  county  was  organized  in  1836,  and 
the  county  machinery  put  in  motion,  seven  justices'  precincts  were  estab- 
lished, to- wit:  Yellow  Eiver,  Rock  Grove,  Peeketolika,  Kishwaukee,  Rock- 
ford,  Rock  River,  and  Eelvidere.  Peeketolika  embraced  the  townships  now 
known  as  Pecatonica,  Seward  and  Burritt.  The  first  election  for  county 
officers  was  held  on  Monday,  August  1,  1836.  Wednesday,  August  3d,  the 
County  Commissioners  met,  organized  and  started  the  county  machinery. 
Besides  establishing  the  seven  precincts  above  named,  they  fixed  a  date — 
August  27 — for  the  election  of  justices  of  the  peace  and  constables.  In 
this  precinct  (Peeketolika),  Ephraim  Sumner  and  Isaac  Hance  were  elected 
justices,  and  William  Sumner  and  Thomas  Hance  were  chosen  as  constables. 
This  was  one  of  the  precincts  that  honored  the  Commissioners'  order  by 
holding  elections  on  the  day  fixed.  At  a  subsequent  session  of  the  Board, 
another  day  was  fixed  for  the  election  of  justices  in  the  precincts  that  had 
failed  to  elect  in  August — the  time  so  fixed  being  the  14th  of  October 
following. 

In  the  fall  of  1836  a  brisk  tide  of  immigration  set  in,  and  Peeketolika 
filled  up  quite  rapidly.  As  a  rule,  the  settlers  were  ot  a  hardy,  industrious, 
intelligent  character,  and  established  a  moral  and  religious  sentiment  that 
has  ever  since  been  maintained. 

In  the  public  undertakings  of  the  county — in  all  enterprises  inaugu- 
rated for  the  public  good — the  people  took  an  active  part,  and  are  recognized 
as  among  the  most  public  spirited  people  of  the  Rock  river  country. 

This  township  has  the  honor  of  being  the  birthplace  of  the  first  white 
child  born  in  the  territory  now  included  in  Winnebago  County — Ogden 
Hance,  the  son  of  Thomas  Hance,  who  was  born  during  the  early  part  of 
1836.* 

The  first  school  in  the  township  was  taught  in  1849,  by  Emmeline 
Knapp. 

Pecatonica  Village  was  built  upon  lands  first  purchased  and  occupied 

*The  first  child  born  in  the  village  of  ^Pecatonica  was  John  Scanlon,  deceased,  son  of 
Patrick  Scanlon. 

24 


440  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

by  Daniel  Reed,  Sr.,  in  1846.  Soon  after  purchase,  Mr.  Reed  settled  upon 
it  and  commenced  reducing  its  wild  sward  to  farm  tillage.  In  1852,  after 
the  Hne  of  the  Galena  and  Chicago  Union,  now  the  Chicago  and  North- 
western raih-oad,  had  been  established,  and  the  grading,  etc.,  well  under 
waj,  T.  D.  Robertson  and  John  A.  Holland,  of  Rockford,  appreciating  the 
advantages  it  offered  for  a  railway  station,  being  in  the  heart  of  a  rich  and 
rapidly  developing  agricultural  district,  bought  from  Mr.  Reed  an  interest 
in  the  land,  and  "laid  off""  the  town,  the  plot  of  which  was  filed  and 
entered  of  record  in  December  of  that  year.  Before  this,  however,  while 
the  railroad  was  building,  N.  F.  Maynard  built  a  small  house  on  the  west 
side  of  Main  street,  a  little  north  of  the  railroad  track,  in  which  he  opened 
a  small  stock  of  groceries,  provisions,  etc.  That  building — the  first  busi- 
ness house  in  Pecatonica — is  still  standing,  and  is  now  occupied  as  a  tene- 
ment house.  Some  time  about  December,  of  the  same  year,  Messrs.  Reed 
&  Smith  opened  a  dry  goods  store  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  street  from 
Maynard's  grocery.  Those  two  business  houses  were  the  only  trading 
places  known  in  Pecatonica  until  after,  or  at  least  until  about  the  time  the 
railroad  was  completed,  in  August,  1853.  In  the  late  part  of  the  summer, 
or  early  fall  of  1852,  Mr.  Reed  commenced  the  erection  of  the  Pecatonica 
Hotel,  now  kept  by  James  O'Brien,  at  the  corner  of  Main  and  Third  streets. 
Until  after  the  completion  of  the  railroad,  it  was  occupied  as  a  residence — 
notably  so  during  the  winter  of  1852-3,  when  the  three  Eastman  families. 
Dr.  B.  D.,Samuel  C.  and  Stephen  S.  Eastman  lived  there;  the  latter  died  in 
March,  1853,  his  funeral  obsequies  being  the  occasion  of  the  first  sermon 
preached  in  the  embryo  village,  in  the  summer  of  1853,  Dr.  Eastman 
opened  a  drug  store  on  the  east  side  of  Main  street,  in  the  building 
now  occupied  by  R.  B.  Coleman  as  a  grocery  and  provision  house. 

A  short  time  after  the  opening  of  the  railroad  to  public  traffic,  Sulli- 
van Daniels,  Reed's  son-in-law,  took  possession  of  the  hotel  building,  chris- 
tened it  tiie  "  Pecatonica  House,"  and  opened  its  doors  to  the  entertainment 
of  the  traveling  public.  The  first  shipment  of  freight  from  the  Pecatonica 
station,  Josiah  Stephens,  agent,  was  made  September  1,  1853.  From  that 
time  forward,  during  the  period  of  the  Crimean  War,  and  until  the  finan- 
cial panic  of  1857,  the  growth  and  prosperity  of  Pecatonica  was  wonderful. 
At  one  time  there  were  twelve  to  fifteen  large  dry  goods  stores  in  success- 
ful operation.  Crops  were  good.  Wheat  at  that  time  was  the  staple  pro- 
duction, and  commanded  two  dollars  per  bushel.  Money  was  plenty,  and 
everybody  was  happy.  But  the  panic  came,  and  failure  followed  failure, 
and,  for  the  time,  Pecatonica's  glory  departed.  Notwithstanding  it  has 
always  been  a  place  of  considerable  local  trade  importance,  those  were  its 
palmiest  and  best  days.  To  enumerate,  there  are  now  three  large  dry 
goods  stores;  one  clothing  (exclusively)  store;  twelve  grocery  and  provis- 
ion stores;  three  millinery  establishments;  three  hardware  stores;  one  boot 
and  shoe  store;  three  harness  shops;  six  blacksmith  shops;  five  carriage 
and  wagon  making  shops;  two  meat  markets;  two  butter  houses;  one  large 
grist  mill;  one  egg  house;  one  brewery;  one  book  store;  one  hotel;  five 
carpenter  shops;  two  tailor  shops;  two  drug  stores;  three  dressmaking  es- 
tablishments; one  steam  machine  shop;  one  saw  mill;  one  grain  elevator; 
one  livery  stable;  two  large  furniture  establishments;  two  agricultural  im- 
plement warehouses;  two  jewelry  stores;  one  bank;  one  lumber  yard;  one 
tine,  large  art  gallery;  two  barber  shops;  three  restaurants;  one  bakery; 
and  one  good  local  newspaper,  established  in  December,  1872,  by  the  Colby 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  441 

Brothers,  publishers  and  jM-oprietors;  making  a  total  of  seventy-oight  well 
established  business  houses.  Besides  these  there  are  a  dozen  or  fifteen 
other  shops,  such  as  shoe  shops,  paint  shops,  etc.,  etc.,  that  are  well  sus- 
tained. 

The  Post-Otiice  was  established  in  tlie  fall  of  1853,  and  Tracy  Smith 
tippointed  Post-Master. 

A  graded  schooi  house  of  six  departments  was  built  in  1862. 

A  lumber  yard  was  started  in  1854,  by  Messrs.  H.  Woodruff  vfe  Co. 

The  first  resident  carpenter  was  Abel  Walker,  who  was  followed  by 
John  Morrow,  Allen  Cross  and  Stephen  Ryan,  in  1854. 

In  May,  1863,  James  French  succeeded  Pierce  &  Loomis  in  the  lum- 
ber business. 

The  village  was  incorporated,  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature,  in  1868-9. 
The  first  village  election  was  held  April  9,  1869.  Officers  elected:  Presi- 
dent. Frank  Saulsbury;  Trustees,  S.  Ryan,  J.  M.  Leland,  Putnam  Perlej, 
and  J.  French;  Police  Magistrate,  Peter  Shaffer;  Police  Constable,  Ruel 
Wells.  Present  (1877)  officers:  President,  J.  L.  Hastings;  Trustees,  Jno. 
Wolven,  David  Mitchell,  J.  W.  Fisk,  J.  P.  O'Laughlin;  Police  Magistrate, 
Alexander  Campbell;  Police  Constable,  Charles  Rogers, 

In  1874,  Messrs.  E.  Sumner  and  James  Holmes  constructed  a  dam 
across  the  Pecatonica  River,  a  short  distance  above  the  village,  which  is  of 
great  importance,  in  a  manufacturing  point  of  view,  to  the  country.  While 
the  dam  was  being  constructed,  Messrs.  Sumner  and  Campbell  were  also 
engaged  in  the  erection  of  a  large  four  story  grist  and  flouring  mill,  the 
undertaking  costing  them  about  $20,000.  If  this  water  power  was  im- 
proved as  it  might  be  improved,  Pecatonica  would  soon  gain  a  hundredfold 
more  than  was  lost  by  the  panic  of  1857.  The  water  is  lasting,  and  its 
present  capacity  could  be  more  than  doubled,  and  a  power  derived  that 
would  drive  any  number  of  wheels  and  manufactories. 

While  the  people  of  Pecatonica,  from  1836  to  1877,  were  busy  in  ma- 
turing plans  that  would  insure  full  coffers  and  comfortable  livings,  they 
were  not  neglectful  in  providing  for  the  spiritual  welfare  of  an  increasing 
population. 

Five  church  edifices  grace  the  village,  to  wit:  The  Methodist,  Con- 
gregational, Universalist,  German  Evangelical,  and  Swedish  Lutheran, 
The  three  first  named  are  handsome  and  commodious  structures,  and  a 
credit  not  only  to  the  societies  that  worship  in  them,  but  to  the  people  in 
whose  midst  they  are  built. 

The  M.  E  Church  was  organized  in  1853,  Revs.  Cortriglit,  Barton  and 
H.  N.  Irish  taking  an  active  part  in  the  work.  The  names  of  only  eight 
persons  appear  as  members  of  the  class  or  society  at  the  date  of  its  or- 
ganization.    It  now  numbers  one  hundred  and  twenty. 

The  first  meetings  were  held  in  a  small  warehouse.  Rev.  Mr.  Irish 
was  a  resident  of  Pecatonica,  and  his  house  was  a  regular  Methodist  hotel 
— a  home  for  every  Methodist  that  came  along  and  claimed  his  brotherly 
hospitality.  The  good  old  man  long  since  was  called  to  join  the  innumera- 
ble throng  around  the  great  white  throne. 

The  society  now  worships  in  an  $8,500  church,  and  is  in  good  condi- 
tion for  usefulness.  The  Sabbath-school  numbers  about  seventy  scholars, 
of  which  Rev,  W,  H.  Haight,  the  pastor,  (second  year)  is  superintendent. 

The  Congregational  society  was  organized  by  Rev.  Mr.  J  ohnson,  with 
six  members,  on   the    15th  day  of  February,  1854.      The  following  year 


442  HISTOET   OF   WINNEBAGO   COTJNTT. 

they  built  a  house  of  worship,  at  a  cost  of  $3,000.  In  1876  this  building 
was  reconstructed  and  remodeled,  at  a  cost  of  $2,700.  Up  to  1857-8,  the 
society  had  increased  to  a  membership  of  seventy,  but  at  the  present  time 
(Oct.,  1877,)  only  numbers  about  twenty-seven.  The  Sunday-school  is  in 
prosperous  condition,  Putnam  Perley,  superintendent.  Rev.  Mr.  McCardle 
is  the  present  pastor,  his  pastorate  commencing  October  1st. 

The  Swedish  Lutheran  Church  was  organized  in  1857,  and  a  church 
edifice  built  soon  after.  Their  church  property  is  estimated  to  be  worth 
about  $1,000.  It  has  129  communicants,  and  fifty  members  of  its 
Sunday-school.  Rev.  J.  M.  Nelson,  pastor;  A.  Kellner,  superintendent  of 
Sunday-school. 

The  Universalist  society  was  organized  in  1859,  with  seven  members, 
by  Rev.  Dr.  R.  G.  Hamilton,  who  was  for  a  long  time  its  pastor.  The 
church  was  built  in  1862,  when  there  were  eighty  persons  enrolled  as  mem- 
bers, at  a  cost  of  $2,500.  It  was  refitted  in  1875,  at  a  cost  of  $800.  At 
present  there  are  forty  members.  Rev.  S.  F.  Gibbs,  pastor.  Sunday-school 
membership,  fitty.     John  D.  Jackson,  superintendent. 

The  German  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  was  organized  some  two  or 
three  years  since,  with  a  small  membership,  mostly  (we  might  say  wholly) 
non-residents  of  the  place.  The  pastor.  Rev.  C.  F.  Th.  Eisseldt,  resides  at 
Belvidere,  IlllJ,  and  comes  to  this  place  everj'  two  weeks,  to  hold  services, 
A  peculiarity  of  the  Sunday-school  held  in  connection  with  this  church  is 
the  fact  that  it  is  held  on  Saturday,  every  other  week. 

The  Catholic  society  was  organized  in  1871-2,  with  fifty  members. 
The  number  has  since  increased  to  about  100.  Rev.  Dr.  O'Callaghan  is  in 
charge  of  the  work,  and  although  the  society  has  no  church  building,  ser- 
vices are  held  regularly  at  the  residence  of  the  Priest,  at  the  corner  of  Reed 
and  Fifth  streets.  Arrangements  are  now  being  perfected  for  the  erection 
of  a  church  building. 

LODGES,     ETC. 

A.  W.  Rawson  Lodge,  No.  145,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. — Held  first  meeting 
under  dispensation  in  July,  1854.  A  charter,  however,  was  not  granted 
until  1856.  The  following  were  the  charter  members:  J.  M.  Plum,  A.  S. 
Van  Dyke,  J.  H.  Reed,  Hez.  Brown,  John  Morrow,  J.  E.  Cole  and  S.  C. 
Eastman;  J.  H.  Hubbai'd,  Grand  Master.  The  present  ofiicers  of  the  Lodge 
are  H.  B.  Farwell,  G.  M.;  C.  C.  Stevens,  S.  W.;  E.  D.  Pettibone,  J.  W.; 
D.  A.  Stitsell,  Treas.;  Benj.  D.  Perley,  Sec.  Membership,  43.  Meets  second 
and  fourth  Mondays  of  each  month. 

Peoatonica  Lodge,  No.  173,1.  O.  O.  F. — Organized  March  22,  1855, 
and  was  instituted  by  Grand  Master  William  Rounsville,  in  person.  The 
charter  members,  six  in  number,  were  as  follows:  A.  L.  Griflin,  Charles  D. 
Wilcox,  William  Courtwright,  A.  W.  Butler,  A.  W.  Grifiin,  W.  B.  Wilcox 
and  G.  H.  Bush.  The  Lodge  has  been,  and  is  now,  in  a  very  flourishing 
condition,  with  upwards  of  60  members.  Regular  weekly  meetings  every 
Saturdav  evening.  The  present  ofiicers  of  this  Lodge  are,  J.  W,  Fisk.  N.  G; 
Win.  a:  Colby,  Y.  G.;  G.  D.  Rogers,  R.  S.;  Alex.  Campbell,  P.  S.;  C.  A. 
Simmons,  Treas. 

Eagle  Lodge,  No.  83,  A.  O.  U.  W. — Organized  June  8,  1877,  wid- 
twentv  charter  members,  as  follows:  S.  S.  Emery,  Z.  A.  Trull,  L.  L.  Kith 
der,  (J.  N.  Marston,  L.  Goodrich,  Wm.  Eggleston,  M.  W.  Welles,  A.  M. 
Felts,  Dr.  F.  A.  Jordon,  Dr.  R.  G.  Hamilton,  Rev.  S.  F.  Gibbs,  Jas.  Chal- 
mers, Van.  D.  Mock,  F.  M.  Graves,  C.  L.  Paynter,  J.  S.  Hulse,  Wm.  A. 


HISTORY    OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  443 

Colby,  H.  R.  Smith,  Dan'l  Stockbur^er,  and  N.  F.  Cooledge.  The  Lodge 
meets  every  Wednesday  evening,  in  their  fine  new  hall  in  Dixon's  Block. 
The  present  officers  are,  Z.  A.  Trull,  M.  W.;  S.  F.  Gibb,  P.  M.;  Wm. 
Eggleston,  G.  F.;  C.  L.  Paynter,  O.;  C.  N.  Marston,  R.;  S.  S.  Emery,  Ke- 
ceiver;  L.  L.  Kidder,  F.  The  Lodge  now  has  a  membeaship  of  28,  and  is 
rapidly  increasing  in  numbers. 


:    CHERRY  VALLEY. 

The  township  of  Cherry  Yalley  was  first  known 'on  the  records  of  the 
county  as  Butler  Precinct.  The  name  was  changed  to  Cherry  Valley  upon 
the  adoption  of  the  township  organization  law.  Its  settlement  commenced 
in  1S36,  Joseph  P.jGriggs  being  the  first  settler  of  whom  direct  trace  can  be 
found.  Embracing'  a  good  deal  of  timber,  it  attracted  a  liberal  share  of  im- 
migration,  as  it  is  a  fact  that  all  the  pioneers  sought  the  timber  districts  in 
which  to  locate  their  claims,  believing  that  it  would  be  easier  to  make  farms 
by  grubbing  and  clearing  the  lands  than  it  would  be  to  reduce  the  prairie 
land  to  farm  tillage  and  remunerative  returns.  But  as  time  advanced,  and 
the  later  settlers  were  forced  out  on  to  the  prairies  and  began  to  experiment 
upon  them,  the  first  settlers  were  made  to  realize  that  they  had  made  a 
somewhat  costly  mistake  by  selecting  timbered  claims.  They  had  been 
pitching  brawn  and  muscle  against  nature,  for  all  that  the  prairies  needed 
was  to  be  tickled  with  the  plow  to  make  them  yield  living  crops  the  first 
year,  and  heavy  and  remunerative  returns  the  second. 

Where  the  Chicago  &  Northwestern  Railway  crosses  the  Kishwaukee 
river,  there  is  a  beautiful  little  valley — a  picturesque  and  romantic  basin  of 
a  mile  in  width,  extending  up  and  down  the  river,  that,  in  its  natural  con- 
dition, must  have  been  an  attractive  resort  for  the  red  men  whose  homes 
were  along  the  banks  of  that  easy  and  gracefully-curving  stream.  Even 
now,  when  dotted  over  with  fields  and  houses  and  barns  and  lowing  herds, 
its  stillness  broken  by  the  lium  of  mill  machinery,  and  anon  by  the  rumbling 
of  long,  heavily-laden  trains  of  steam-drawn  cars,  one  cannot  help  but 
admire  its  rare  beauty,  and  almost  sigh  that  the  work  of  nature's  floracul- 
turalist  should  have  been  swept  down  before  the  march  of  the  pale  faces.  In 
this  little  basin  cosily  nestles 

TTie  Village  of  Cherry  Valley,  with  its  eight  hundred  men,  women 
and  children;  three  church  edifices,  a  graceful  and  elegant  graded  school 
building,  about  twenty  stores  and  trading  places,  and  numerous  shops  of 
industry  of  local  merit.  Joseph  Griggs,*  the  father  of  Calvin,  Lendon  and 
Horace  Griggs,  settled  on  the  hill  overlooking  the  village  in  1835.  The 
site  upon  which  his  cabin  was  erected  was  not  far  removed  from  the  ground 
now  occupied  by  the  LTniversalist  Church  building.  His  domicile  was  built 
from  poles  and  thatched  with  straw  or  prairie  grass.  A.  C.  Gleason  came 
soon  after  Mr.  Griggs,  and  in  1836  Mr.  Gleason  was  joined  on  the  Kish- 
waukee by  his  brother,  Mr.  W.  Gleason;  and  in  1837,  S.  W.  Gleason,  a 
third  brother,  and  the  present  Post  Master,  also  put  in  an  appearance  and 
claimed  a  home  "  in  this  new  country."  Densley  Kiser  came  in  1836  or 
1837,  making  five  claimants  to  homes  in  this  valley  at  the  date  of  Mr. 
Kiser's  coming. 

la  page  236  of  the  general  history,  owing  to  erroneous  information,  this  name  was 
written  as  Joseph  P.  Briggs. 


444  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY. 

The  first  school  houses  were  built  about  1848-9.  About  this  time  the 
building  of  a  railroad  from  Galena  to  Chicago  began  to  be  agitated  and  the 
settlers  or  citizens  were  urged  to  take  stock  in  the  contemplated  road,  either 
by  subscribing  individually  as  they  were  able,  or  by  voting  a  tax.  In  1851 
a  railroad  meeting  of  the  citizens  was  held  in  one  of  these  school  houses  to 
take  counsel  together  and  to  hear  the  conditions  upon  which  the  embryo 
railroad  company  would  make  Cherry  Yalley  a  point.  This  meeting  re- 
solved that  no  aid  would  be  rendered  the  undertaking  unless  upon  the  ex- 
press condition  that  it  should  cross  the  Kishwaukee  at  this  point.  The  con- 
ditions were  not  agreed  to  by  the  representatives  of  the  company,  while  the 
citizens  remained  equalW  firm  in  their  conclusions.  But  the  road  was  built 
and  Cherry  Yalley  made  a  station  "all  the  same."  In  August,  1852,  the 
road  was  completed  from  Chicago  to  the  east  side  of  Rock  river,  and  on  the 
second  day  of  that  month  the  first  passenger  train  from  Chicago  to  Rock- 
ford,  passed  over  the  road. 

As  a  local  trade  centre,  Cherry  Yalley  is  an  important  point,  and  a 
station  from  which  a  large  quantity  of  grain,  etc.,  is  annually  shipped  to 
Chicago  and  other  markets.  The  country  around  is  naturally  rich,  and. 
under  thorough  and  scientific  cultivation,  is  very  prodiKJtive  and  largely 
remunerative.  The  people,  farmers  and  villagers,  are  intelligent,  refined 
and  eminently  social  and  hospitable. 

The  growing  of  broom  corn  is  an  important  industry  among  the 
farmers.  During  the  present  season  of  1877,  Messrs.  Hugh  Mackey  and 
John  Brown  cultivated  about  300  acres  each  of  this  important  material,  in 
the  care  and  cultivation  of  which  they  gave  employment  to  from  twenty -five 
to  thirty  men  each.     Two  broom  manufactories  are  in  successful  operation. 

The  Cherry  Yalley  Mills  of  John  Fisher  (for  which  the  Kishwau- 
kee furnishes  the  power)  do  a  large  custom  work,  besides  manufacturing 
largely  for  merchant  interest. 

Two  large  elevators,  of  large  capacity  and  ample  facilities,  handle  and 
ship  large  quantities  of  grain. 

The  best  index  to  the  character  of  any  people  is  in  the  architecture  and 
finish  of  their  church  and  school  buildings.  In  Cherry  Yalley  there  are 
three  of  the  former,  which  are  neat  and  elegant,  while  their  graded  school 
house — presenting  more  the  outside  appearance  of  a  college  than  a  people's 
school  house — is  one  of  the  best  in  Northern  Illinois  outside  of  the  larger 
towns.  It  is  a  brick  structure,  was  built  in  1869,  at  a  cost  of  $18,000.  Of 
this  building,  not  only  the  people  by  whom  it  was  built,  but  the  people  of 
the  entire  country  may  justly  be  proud.  School  is  sustained  about  nine 
months  of  the  year,  and  the  system  of  teaching  of  the  most  thorough  and 
practical  order. 

Present  Corps  of  Teachers. — A.  Andrew,  principal;  Miss  Mary  A. 
Earl,  first  assistant,  Grammar  Department.  Miss  Josephine  Hale,  Inter- 
mediate. Mrs.  "Wm.  Craig,  Primary  ^Department.  There  is  an  average 
daily  attendance  of  220  pupils. 

Churches. — The  M.  E.  Church  was  organized  by  Rev.  H.  L.  Martin,  in 
1854.  The  same  season,  their  church  edifice  was  built,  the  builder  being 
Mr.  —  Powell.  The  society  now  numbers  108  members.  The  Sabbath- 
school  is  the  care  and  pride  of  the  church.  Fifty-two  scholars  are  regular 
attendants.     D.  J.  Hussey  is  the  superintendent. 

The  Universalist  Church  edifice  was  built  in  1854,  under  the  minis- 
terial saparvision  of  Rev.  Simon  Park.     After  a  few  years  of  prosperity,  by 


HISTORY   OF    WINNEBAGO   COUNTY.  445 

reason  of  removals  from  time  to  time,  and  a  combination  of  other  unfavor- 
able causes,  the  society  became  too  weak  to  support  a  pastor,  and  as  a 
church  organization  was  linally  abandoned.  The  building  is  now  occupied 
by  a  Swedish  reUgious  organization,  that  has  preaching  at  stated   intervals. 

The  Free  Will  Baptist  Church  was  built  in  1874,  at  a  cost  of  $3,500. 
It  has  a  membership  of  sixty  to  seventy.  Rev.  H.  S.  Cross  is  the  pastor. 
Their  Sabbath-school  numbers  about  sixty  scholars.  David  Case  is  the 
superintendent. 

Cherry  Yalley  Lodge,  No.  173,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. — Organized 
under  dispensation,  June  16,  1855.  Charter  members:  S.  C.  Gooding,  W . 
M.;  Horace  Robinson,  S.  W.;  S.  H.  Holden,  J.  W.;  H.  P.  Mesler,  S.  D.; 
C.  L.  Sabin,  J.  D.;  B.  B.  Spencer,  Secretary;  G.  S.  Barrows,  Tyler  and 
Treasurer.  Chartered  by  Grand  Lodge,  Oct.  3,  1855.  Present  officers; 
Dr.  L.  M.  Van  Buren,  W.  M.;  Josiah  Manning,  S.  W.;  Selden  M.  Turner, 
J.  W.;  Henry  Andrus,  Treasurer;  Jas.  H.  Potter,  Secretary;  T.M.Lee, 
S.  D.;  Wm.  Rourke,  J.  D.;  John  Brodt,  Tyler. 


ROCKTON. 

Among  the  earliest  settlers  of  this  town  were  Wm,  Talcott  and  sons, 
Thomas,  Sylvester,  Wait  and  Henry,  some  ot  whom  landed  here  July  4, 
1835,  taking  a  claim  on  Section  23.  They  were  attracted  by  the  magnifi- 
cent water  power  of  the  Rock  river  at  this  point,  the  flow  of  water  then 
being  nearly  double  the  present  capacity.  This  water  privilege  the  Talcotts 
began  to  improve,  using  it  for  a  saw  mill  in  1838,  and  in  the  following  year 
completed  a  grist  mill,  probably  the  pioneer  of  the  county.  It  was  soon 
busy,  grists  coming  to  it  even  from  Fort  Winnebago,  over  100  miles. 

In  the  year  1832  the  Polish  exiles  were  granted  by  Congress  several 
townships  of  land  for  settlement,  and  Clopeski,  one  of  their  number,  was 
sent  out  to  locate  them.  The  act  specified  that  no  lands  upon  which  set- 
tlers had  made  a  beginning  could  be  taken,  and,  indeed,  Clopeski,  who  came 
to  Rockton,  promised  the  people  that  he  would  not  select  their  township. 
He  was  not  faithful  to  this  agreement,  and  the  township  was  under  the 
shadow  of  this  claim  until  1844,  when  the  matter  was  adjusted.  The  town 
was  platted  by  Talcott  and  Adams,  in  1840,  but  it  was  not  entered  for 
record  until  May  30,  1844,  because  of  the  above  claim.  The  first  paper 
mill  was  erected  in  1851,  by  Mr.  T.  L.  Wright  and  Mr.  Merritt.  From 
this  beginning,  the  2:)resent  manufacturing  interests  have  grown. 

THE    WATER    POWER 

Is  managed  much  upon  the  same  general  plan  as  the  Rockford  water  power. 
There  are  15,000  inches  of  water,  of  an  eight-foot  head,  which  are  divided 
into  ninety-six  shares. 

The  Racine  &  Mississippi  R.  R.  reached  this  place  Oct.  29,  1856.  E. 
L.  Stiles  was  appointed  agent,  a  position  he  has  since  maintained. 

In  1836,  Sylvester  Talcott  was  appointed  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  in 
his  official  capacity,  married,  it  is  said,  the  first  couple  in  the  county — Mr. 
Jerry  Roberts  and  Miss  Langdon,  who  now  reside  in  Rockford. 

On  the  tenth  day  of  September,  1872,  Rockton  became  an  incorporated 
town.  Town  trustees:  David  Carpenter,  president ;  Aaron  Shores,  George 
Elhs,  J.  W.  Cowles,  Jas.  McDonald, 


■*46  HISTORY    OF    WTISTNTF-TIAOO    nOTTNTT.  ^' 


MECHANICAL   INDTTSTKIES. 


:iV 


The  Northwestern  Paper  Mill,  originally  built  by  Wright  &  Merritt, 
passed  into  a  stock  company  some  little  time  ago.  It  makes  four  or  five 
tons  of  paper  every  twenty-four  hours — in  about  equal  proportion,  wrap- 
ping and  print.  OflBicers:  T.  L.  Wright,  president;  W.  H.  Weils,  vice- 
president;  J.  C.  Newcomb,  secretary  and  treasurer.     It  employs  forty  men. 

The  "  Enterprise"  Paper  Mill  was  originated  by  Mr.  Keems  some  years 
ago.  About  a  year  since,  Messrs.  Booth,  Ilinmen  &  Co.  rented  it.  They 
employ  ten  men,  and  make  wrapping  paper,  although  they  will  soon  run 
their  mill  on  felting  for  i-oofs,  etc. 

The  Winnebago  Paper  Mill  was  first  built  in  1853,  by  a  company 
known  as  Merrill,  Young  &  Co.,  who  ran  it  two  years,  when  it  was  sold  to 
Bradner,  Warren  &  Co.,  of  Chicago.  In  1857  the^  firm  changed  to  Brad- 
ner,  Smith  &  Co.,  and  recently  became  a  stock  company.  On  the  tenth 
day  of  February,  1876,  it  burned  down,  but  was  rebuilt,  and  running  in 
the  November  following.  The  mill  averages  about  three  and  one-half  tons 
of  wrapping  paper  during  every  twenty-four  hours,  and  employs  twenty- 
five  men. 

The  Rockton  Iron  Works  and  Machine  Shops  employ  four  men,  and 
began  here  in  1866.  They  manufacture  three  sizes  of  paint  mills,  and  do 
general  repairs  in  iron.  The  works  are  carried  on  by  Wideson  &  Cox,  the 
foundry  and  machine  shop  being  owned  and  operated  separately,  by  their 
respective  ow,ners. 

The  mill  owned  and  operated  by  Messrs.  Cowles  &  Gates  was  first 
erected  for  an  oil  mill.  About  1857,  it  was  changed  to  a  flouring  and  grist 
mill.  At  present  it  averages  130  barrels  of  rye  flour  for  every  twenty -four 
hours,  as  well  as  a  large  amount  of  gristing.  There  is  also  a  cooper  shop 
in  connection,  which  works  four  hands,  while  the  whole  force  employed 
varies  from  ten  to  twelve  men. 

The  Rockton  Mills  are  owned  by  Wheeler  &  Robinson,  and  grind  up 
a  car-load  ot  wheat  daily  when  at  work.   Just  now  they  have  only  two  men. 

Wm.  Webber  began  to  make  his  patent  reaper  herejn  1866.  During 
his  busy  season  he  works  about  six  men. 

There  are  about  1,500  inhabitants  in  the  village,  and  twenty  to  twenty- 
five  stores. 

The  Rockton  Weekly  Herald  issued  its  first  number  January  1,  1875. 
E.  I.  Carr,  editor  and  proprietor. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  first  school  house  was  erected  for  the  joint  uses  of  worship  and 
education,  in  1840.  The  present  graded  school  house  was  built  in  1851, 
and  cost  $2,000.  Average  daily  attendance,  175.  Teachers:  Charles 
Kinne,  principal;  Miss  Bell  Clement,  intermediate;  Miss  Emma  McCon- 
nell,  primary. 

CHUKCHES. 

The  First  Congregational  Church  was  organized  March  23,  1838,  with 
fourteen  members,  among  whom  were  Deacon  Wm,  Talcott  and  family,  five 
of  whom  were  constituent  members.  The  first  pastor  was  Rev.  Wm. 
Adams.  The  "  Stone  Church"  was  built  in  1849  or  1850,  and  cost  $5,000. 
Present  number  of  members,  65.  Rev,  H.  J.  McArthur,  pastor.  Average 
of  Sunday-school  attendance,  56;  Chauncy  Pettibone,  Superintendent. 

The  Baptist  Church  was  organized  in  1852,  services  being  held  alter- 


■CO  TC'/iy^ 

ROCKTON 


HIBTORT    OF   WIISTNEBAGO    COUNTY.  449 

nately  at  Roscoe  and  Rockton,  under  the  ministerial  charge  of  one  pastor, 
Eldeir  James  Vaness.  Shortly  afterward  the  church  was  located  at  Rock- 
ton,  and  the  present  chnrcli  edifice  dedicated,  January  13,  1858.  The 
structure  cost  $2,000.  Members  at  the  present  time,  100.  Pastor,  Rev. 
A.  Whitman.  Average  of  ^Sunday-school,  80;  E.  J.  Vaness,  Superin- 
tendent. 

The  M.  E.  Church  was  organized  in  1855,  by  the  Rev.  H.  W.  Richard- 
son. The  present  house  of  worship  was  begun  in  1857,  and  dedicated  in 
1859.  It  cost  $5,000.  Present  membership,  55.  Pastor,  Geo.  A.  Erving. 
Sunday-school  average  attendance,  65;  J.  0.  Truman,  Superintendent. 

LODGES    AND    SOCIETIES. 

RocKTON  Lodge,  No.  74,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. — Organized  Jan.  5,  1849, 
with  twenty  charter  members.  Officers:  John  B.  Rockwood,  W.  M.;  E. 
L.  Styles,  S.  W.;  Seth  Jenkins,  J.  W.;  Edwin  Kingsley,  Treas.;  S.  S. 
Snider,  Secy.  Number  of  members,  47.  Meets  Friday  evening  on  or  be- 
fore the  full  moon. 

Rock  River  Lodge,  No.  59,  I.  O.  O.  F. — Organized  . 

Officers:  E.  L.  Styles,  N.  G.;  Alex.  Marcel,  Y.  G.;  C.  D.  Manning,  Secy; 
Byron  Freed,  Treas.  Number  of  members,  37.  Meets  every  Saturday 
evening. 

Sunbeam  Lodge,  No.  78,  I.  O.  G.  T. — Organized 

Officers:  E.  L.  Styles,  W.  C.  T.;  Miss  Minnie  Comstock,  W.  V.  T.;  E. 
O.  Darling,  R.  S.;'J.  A.  Merrill,  F.  S.;  Joseph  Forward,  Treas.  Number 
of  members,  34.     Meets  Tuesday  evening, 

Rockton  Temperance  Alliance. — Organized  in  1874.  Officers: 
Chauncy  Pettibone,  Acting  President;  Miss  Hattie  Men  ill.  Secy.  About 
200  members.     Meets  the  third  Monday  evening  of  each  month. 

Public  Library  Association. — Organized  July  17,  1875.  The  library 
numbers  sixty  volumes.  J,  D.  Yaness,  President;  T.  D.  Talcott,  Yice 
President;  S.  L.  Styles,  Secy. 

Rockton  Grange,  No.  i012. — Organized  in  1874.  Rock  River  Grange 
was  consolidated  with  it  January  1,  1877.  Officers:  J.  C.  Truman,  M.; 
Wm.  Farmer,  O.;  Edward  Collier,  Secy;  John  Morse,  Treas.  Number  of 
members,  30.     Meets  Thursday  evening  before  full  moon. 


ROSCOE. 


Roscoe  is  the  northeast  township  of  the  county,  bounded  on  the  north 
by  the  Wisconsin  State  line.  The  first  permanent  settlement  was  made  in 
the  fall  of  1835,  but  some  Indian  traders  had  previously  erected  and  occu- 
pied cabins  in  the  grove  on  Section  32.  The  remains  of  the  cabins  and  the 
track  made  by  the  wagon  train  that  accompanied  General  Atkins  in  his 
campaign  against  the  Black  Hawk  Indians  in  June,  1832,  were  still  clearly 
defined  when  the  first  settlers  came.  The  maple  trees  also  showed  that  the 
Indians  had  tapped  them  for  sugar- making  purposes.  August  3,  1835,  R. 
J.  Cross,  of  Coldwater,  Mich.,  and  Colonel  Yon  Hovenburg,  with  a  Potta- 
watomie Indian  for  a  guide,  came  into  the  township  from  Milwaukee.  Col. 
Yon  Hovenburg  returned  to  Michigan;  Mr.  Cross  bought  a  claim  of 
Lavec,  an  employee  of  Stephen  Mack,  upon  which  he  subsequently  settled. 
This  claim  was  covered  by  the  grove  in  the  southwest  quarter  of  Section  32. 


450  HI8TOBT   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

In  September  of  the  same  year,  Elijah  H.  Brown,  James  B.  Lee  and  Wilham 
Mead  came  in  from  La  Porte  County,  Indiana,  and  selected  clainas.  Brown 
built  a  house  on  the  left  bank  of  Rock  river,  a  little  above  the  mouth  of  the 
north  branch  of  the  Kinikinick,  on  the  northeast  quarter  of  Section  32, 
which  was  the  first  house  built  in  what  subsequently  became  Koscoe  town- 
ship. In  the  winter  of  1835-6,  Messrs.  Brown,  Lee,  Cross  and  Logan  were 
the  only  settlers  in  that  part  of  the  county.  Mr.  Cross  had  the  only  horse 
team  in  the  settlement,  and  it  was  kept  on  the  road  nearly  all  the  time 
when  the  roads  were  passable,  hauling  flour  and  groceries  from  Chicago. 
Mr.  Reynolds,  of  Rolling  Prairie,  La  Porte  Count}'^,  Indiana,  bought  Lee's 
claim,  and  was  the  first  blacksmith  to  forge  and  hammer  in  that  precinct, 
and  in  the  winter  of  1836-7  there  were  only  eight  families.  Until  a  post- 
office  was  established  at  Beloit,  the  settlers  got  their  mail  matter  at  Chicago; 
but  in  the  spring  of  1837,  a  post-office  was  established  at  Ruscoe,  and  R.  M. 
P.  Abell  was  appointed  post-master.  In  1887,  Henry  Abell  and  his  son, 
Franklin,  built  a  saw-mill,  the  first  in  the  neighborhood.  This  mill  was 
built  at  the  mouth  of  the  north  branch  of  the  Kinikinick,  where  they  pro- 
posed to  build  a  village,  which  they  named  Roscoe,  in  honor  of  Roscoe,  aji 
eminent  English  historian,  and  when  the  names  of  townships  were  estab- 
lished in  1850,  the  name  was  given  to  the  municipality.  Under  the  new 
order,  the  first  town  meeting  was  held  at  the  house  of  James  K.  Knowland, 
April  1,  1850.  J.  G.  Prentiss  was  chosen  Moderator;  John  J.  Rhodes  was 
elected  Supervisor,  and  Nathaniel  Howland,  Town  Clerk.  Mr.  Rhodes  was 
continued  in  office  for  seven  years,  and  until  his  death.  At  the  first  town 
meeting  or  election,  180  votes  were  polled. 

Church  Notes. — September,  1836,  at  a  meeting  at  the  house  of  Smith 
Jenks,  Rev.  Mr.  Pillsbury,  a  traveling  missionary,  of  the  M.  E.  Church, 
took  the  names  of  those  who  wished  to  unite  as  a  church  society.  They 
were:  Plenry  Abell,  Smith  Jenks,  Clarissa  Jenks,  B.Richardson,  Mary  Ann 
Richardson,  Albert  Tuttle  and  Simeon  Pettibone  and  wife.  These  were 
organized  into  a  class,  and  for  many  years  it  was  the  only  church  society 
known  to  the  settlers.  It  subsequently  grew  into  prominence  and  wealth,  as 
it  had  always  been  influential  for  good. 

November  7,  1843,  a  preliminary  meeting  in  the  interest  of  the  Con- 
gregational Church  was  held  at  the  house  of  Alvan  Leland.  At  that  meet- 
ing the  following  named  representative  ministers  were  present:  Revs. 
Wright,  Belvidere;  Ebenezer  Brown,  Byron;  M.  Benedict,  Rockton;  M. 
Hicks,  agent  of  the  American  Home  Missionary  Society,  and  M.  Pierson, 
of  the  New  Haven  Theological  Seminary.  November  28th,  the  organiza- 
tion was  perfected  and  a  society  formed  composed  of  the  iollowing  named 
members:  Alvan  Leland,  John  Bradley,  Horace  K.  Leonard,  Thomas  R. 
Whipple,  Eunice  Bradley,  Minerva  J.  Leonard,  Delia  Whipple,  Edmund 
Bradley,  Charles  Kerr,  John  Moir,  Hannah  Cross,  Ann  Frances  Kerr,  E. 
Moir,  Cora  Briggs,  George  Kerr,  Sol.  W.  Leland,  Thankful  Briggs,  and 
Lydia  Meirs — 18.  Alvin  Leland  was  chosen  Deacon;  Sol.  W.  Leland,  Clerk. 
January  3,  1844,  Rev.  Ebenezer  Brown  was  employed  as  minister.  Of  these 
members,  Deacon  Leland  died  Februarys,  1845;  Deacon  John  Bradley, 
Roscoe,  August  14,  1854;  his  wife  Eunice  Bradley,  Roscoe,  February  14, 
1852;  S.  W.  Leland,  in  Massachusetts,  and  Delia  Whipple  in  Roscoe. 

The  first  school  was  taught  in  Reynolds'  old  blacksmith  shop.  The 
Widow  Warner  was  teacher.  •  May  14,  1840,  the  township  was  divided  into 
six  school  districts.     The  school  section  was  mostly  sold  in  1847. 


HISTORY    OF    WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  461 

June  3,  1858,  the  wife  and  seven  children  of  Rev.  Mr.  lUslej,  pastor 
of  the  Cono;regational  Church,  were  killed  or  drowned.  In  building  the 
Madison  branch  of  the  Chicago  and  Galena  railroad,  a  high  embankment 
had  been  thrown  up  at  the  crossing  of  the  creek  about  half  a  mile  above 
the  village.  The  culvert  was  too  small  for  the  volume  of  water,  and  up  to 
the  afternoon  of  the  day  of  the  sad  and  awful  death  catastrophe,  a  pond 
two  miles  long,  a  half  a  mile  in  width,  and  from  25  to  30  feet  in  depth, 
had  formed  above  the  embankment.  About  midnight  the  culvert  caved  in, 
the  embankment  gave  way  and  the  water  rushed  down  in  one  mighty  tor- 
rent, carrying  awav  several  houses  in  its  maddened  rush,  among  which  was 
the  brick  house  occupied  by  Mr.  Illsley  and  family,  which  toppled  over  and 
buried  beneath  its  ruins  the  mother  and  seven  children.  Mr.  Illsley,  who 
had  lost  a  leg  and  was  comparatively  helpless,  was  carried  by  the  flood 
nearly  down  to  Rock  river,  where  he  caught  in  a  tree  and  held  on  until  he 
was  found  by  L.  W.  Richardson,  who  waded  in  and  carried  him  out.  In 
the  Roscoe  Cemetery,  near  the  northeast  corner,  the  eight  bodies  of  one 
family,  who  had  not  all  been  united  for  some  time  till  the  day  on  which 
their  death  came,  were  buried  in  one  day. 

The  first  birth  in  the  town  was  B.  F.  Richardson,  son  of  Benjamin  and 
Mary  Ann  Richardson,  May  8,  1837.  The  first  marriage,  William  H.  Riley 
and  Ruth  Brown.  The  first  death,  William  Hale,  who  was  drowned  in 
Rock  river,  at  the  mouth  of  JSTorth  creek,  June  27,  1837.  The  first  store 
was  opened  by  Alvan  Leland  in  the  house  of  Albert  Tuttle,  1838. 

Village  of  Roscoe. — The  history  of  the  village  of  Roscoe  is  so  closely 
interwoven  that  an  attempted  separate  history  would  be  a  work  of  superero- 
gation, all  the  pertinent  and  important  events  being  recited  above. 

The  town  has  about  ten  shops  and  stores,  which  supply  the  necessities 
of  its  600  inhabitants.  Mr.  Wm.  M.  Richardson  began  manufacturing 
plows  here  in  1854.  He  is  now  making  a  sulky  plow  that  is  well  thought 
of  The  Roscoe  Mills  began  work  here  in  1847;  James  Thompson,  propri- 
etor. In  1867  he  sold  out  t(i  Roberts  &  Stoner.  Gristing  is  the  principal 
work,  in  which  rye  bears  no  unimportant  position. 

Roscoe  Lodge,  No.  75,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. — Organized  in  the  fall  of  1849. 
Ofiicers:  Geo.  W.  Smith,  W.  M.;  A.  Collier,  S.  W.;  J.  M.  Rhodes,  J.  W.; 
E.  H.  Crandall,  Treas.;  A.  T.  Clark,  Secy.  JSTumber  of  members,  65.  Meets 
Tuesday  evening,  on  or  before  the  full  moon. 

Band  of  Hope  Lodge,  No.  85,  I.  O.  G.  T — Organized  February,  1871. 
Officers:  Frank  Sturtevant,  W.  C.  T.;  Miss  Hattie  Hobart,  W.  Y.  T.; 
Josiah  Mabie,  R.  S. ;  Miss  Alice  Curtis,  F.  S.;  Miss  L.  E.  Ransom,  Treas. 
Number  of  members,  70.     Meets  Saturday  evenings. 


DURAND. 

This  little  village,  with  its  pleasant  streets,  was  named  for  H.  S.  Durand, 
the  first  president  of  the  Western  Union  R.  R.  '  Among  the  pioneers  may 
be  mentioned  the  names  of  L.  Y.  Cleveland,  John  A.  Johnson,  Fredric 
Sidorus,  and  J.  R.  Herring,  who  came  about  1837.  Their  early  religious 
exercises  were  supplied  by  the  Methodists,  a  class  of  whom  had  been 
established  as  early  as  1840,  by  the  Rev.  Samuel  Pillsbury,  and  whose 
meetings  weie  held  at  the  houses  of  the  settlers.  In  the  fall  of  1855,  John 
B.  Herring,  Price  B.  Webster,  and  John  F,   Pettingill  laid  out  the  town, 


452  HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

The  Winnebago  Chief  was  the  first  paper  published  here.  It,  how- 
ever, was  discontinued,  and  the  Enterprise  took  its  place.  In  October, 
1875,  Mr.  C.  E.  Griswold  purchased  the  paper,  changing  the  name  to  the 
Patriot.     It  is  purely  a  local  paper. 

The  M.  E.  Church  was  organized  in  1840,  and  erected  its  present  house 
of  worship  in  1859.  Its  membership  is  125.  Pastor,  Rev.  T.  H.Haseltine. 
Average  attendance  of  Sunday-school,  100.     Superintendent  S.  A.  Blake. 

The  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception  (Roman  Catholic)  of 
Durand,  was  one  of  the  missions  established  by  Bishop  Quarter,  who  was 
the  first  bishop  of  the  diocese.  The  church  was  organized  in  1866,  and  a 
building  erected  that  cost  $3,500.  There  are  now  about  thirty  families  in 
communion,  whose  pastor  is  Dr.  J.  O'Callighan,  of  Pecatonica.  The 
Sabbath-school  averages  about  thirty-five. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  first  schools  were  subscription  schools,  and  taught  in  cabins,  as  the 
settlers  could  spare  the  room. 

The  present  graded  school  was  built  in  October,  1869,  at  a  cost  of 
$7,000.  The  present  average  daily  attendance  is  190.  Teachers:  C.  D. 
Mariner,  Principal;  Mrs.  C.  F.  Russell,  Grammar  Dep't;  Miss  LettieJ. 
Adams,  Intermediate;  Mrs.  Julia  A.  Staples,  Primary.  Directors:  Price 
B.  Webster,  President;  E.  H.  Brooks  and  E.  C.  Stephens,  Clerk. 

LODGES,    ASSOCIATIONS,    ETC. 

DuKAND  Lodge.  No.  302.  A.  F.  and  A.  M.— Chartered  Oct.  20,  1859, 
with  the  following  officers:  W.  T.  Crouch,  W.  M;  W.  B.  Cook,  S.  W.;  H. 
Moore,  J.  W.;*D.  Porter,  Treas. ;  M.  B.  Clough,  Sec;  E.  J.  Williams,  S. 
D.;  D.  H.  Smith,  J.  D.;  D.  Bollman,  J.  F.  Woodring,  Stewards;  S.  Whit- 
meyer,  Tyler.  Present  officers:  E.  C.  Stephens,  W.  M.;  Ross  E.Adams, 
S.  W.;  Peter  Patterson,  J.  W.;  Geo.  H.  Joslin,  Treas.;  C.  D.  Mariner, 
Sec.  Number  of  members,  54.  Meets  first  and  third  Thursday  evenings 
of  each  month. 

Shaubena  Lodge,  No.  146,  I.  O.  O.  F. — Instituted  at  Elton,  October 
23,  1854.  Officers:  R.  Breed,  N.  G.;  C.  D.  Mariner,  V.G.;  E.H.Brooks, 
Secy.;  T.  B.  Cram,  Treas.  Number  of  members,  45.  Meets  Saturday 
evening. 

Reform  Lodge,  No.  116,  I.  O.  G.  T. — Organized  July,  1877.  Officers: 
T.  E.  Vincent,  W.  C.  T.;  Mrs.  P.  C.  Stire,  W.  Y.  T.;  C.  E.  Griswold,  R.  S. 
and  L.  D.;  C.  A.  Norton,  F.  S.;  Miss  Frank  Hurlbut,  Treas.  Number  of 
members,  20.     Meets  Thursday  evenings. 

Reform  Club. — Organized  March,  1876,  with  250  members.  Officers: 
Miss  M.  J.  Randall,  President;  several  Yice  Presidents;  C.  E.  Griswold, 
Secy. ;  Miss  L.  J.  Adams,  Treas.  Number  of  members,  325.  Meets  every 
other  Tuesday  evening. 

Durand  Grange,  No.  763. — Organized  November  15,  1873.  Officers: 
John  YanSickie,  M.;  Mrs.  Annie  M.  Herring,  Secy.;  Miss  Nancy  J.  Her- 
ring, Secy.;  David  Place,  Treas.  Number  of  members,  55.  Meets  the 
second  and  fourth  Saturday  afternoons  of  each  month. 


HISTORY   OF   WIITNIEBAGO   COUNTY.  463 

GUILFORD. 

In  Aiiojust,  1835,  AVilliam  H.  Enoch,  the  eldest  son  of  Hemy  Enoch, 
accompanied  by  some  two  or  three  other  men  from  Will  county,  came  to 
what  is  now  Guilford  township  on  a  land  prospecting  tour.  While  out  on 
this  trip,  young  Enoch  was  taken  sick  and  returned  home.  In  September 
following,  his  father,  Henry  Enoch,  and  brothers  Richard  H.  and  A.  I. 
Enoch,  started  out,  and,  following  the  directions  of  William,  struck  Rock 
river  at  Rockford.  Leaving  his  sons  in  camp,  he  started  out,  and,  going 
northeast  from  there  some  two  or  three  miles,  he  struck  the  spring  brook 
known  as  Biicklen  creek,  which  empties  into  Rock  river  just  below  the 
seminary.  Believing  this  stream  came  from  springs,  he  followed  it  to  its 
source,  which  he  found  in  the  northeast  corner  of  Section  11,  Town  44, 
Range  2,  now  in  the  town  of  Guilford.  Here  in  the  centre  of  a  great 
prairie  he  found  a  great  spring*  of  water  some  25  feet  in  diameter,  the  water 
about  24  inches  deep  and  boiling  up  from  numerous  places  in  the  bottom 
through  snow-white  sand.  The  water  was  cold,  and  clear  as  crystal;  the 
bank  of  the  spring  fringed  with  tall  grass  and  bright  prairie  flowers.  He 
was  so  charmed  with  the  location,  the  great  spring,  the  apparent  fertility  of 
the  soil,  and  the  general  beauty  of  the  surroundings,  that  he  at  once  made 
up  his  mind  to  make  it  the  future  home  of  himself  and  family.  He  had 
neither  stick  nor  cane  with  which  to  mark  his  "claim."  Going  to  a  thicket 
of  hazel  and  young  poplar  trees  a  few  rods  distant,  he  cut  a  small  stake,  and 
planting  it  on  the  bank  of  the  spring,  declared  it  his  "  claim,"  the  only  list- 
eners being  the  horse  he  rode  and  the  prairie  birds.  This  location  was 
known  for  many  years  as  the  big  spring  of  "Uncle  Enoch"  in  the  prairie. 
Mr.  Enoch  made  this  claim  his  permanent  home  until  the  autumn  of  1856, 
when  he  removed  to  Rockford,  where  he  resided  at  the  time  ot  his  death  in 
September,  1858.  After  making  this  claim,  he  returned  to  camp,  informed 
his  sons  of  the  discovery  when  all  repaired  to  it  to  set  about  building  a 
cabin  for  the  family,  which  was  to  be  brought  on  the  following  spring. 
The  first  tree  for  this  cabin  was  felled  by  A.  I,  Enoch,  now  of  Rockford. 
The  cabin,  a  small  affair,  was  erected,  when  the  three  returned  to  Will 
county  to  spend  the  winter  and  return  to  the  new  home  with  the  first 
approach  of  spring.  This  was  the  first  tree  felled  and  the  first  house  built 
in  the  town  of  Guilford. 


HARRISON. 

The  first  settlement  in  this  township,  says  Mr.  J.  R.  Jewett,  was  made 
in  the  fall  of  1835.  by  a  Mr.  Brayton,  who  made  a  claim  in  Section  35,  the 
land  now  being  owned  by  Andrew  Wishop.  In  the  spring  of  1836,  Mr. 
Brayton  moved  on  to  his  claim,  and  commenced  making  a  farm. 

Origin  of  the  Name. — In  1840,  the  settlers  desired  to  form  a  new 
precinct,  and  it  was  necessary  to  present  a  petition  to  the  county  commis- 
sioners to  have  a  new  precinct  formed.  At  that  time  a  majority  of  the 
settlers  were  Democrats,  and  several  of  the  citizens  being  together  one  day 
they  pitched  upon  Isaac  Parker  to  circulate  a  petition,  who  consented  to  do 
so  on  condition  that  some  of  his  neighbors  (who  were  Democrats)  would 

♦Through  some  strange  freak  of  nature,  some  five  years  ago,  this  spring  entirely  dried 
up,  and  has  not  since  discharged  even  so  much  as  a  drop  of  water. 


L 


454  HI8T0RT   OF   WINNEBAGO   COUNTY. 

work  for  him  hoeing  corn  while  he  was  absent,  to  which  they  readily  agreed. 
Parker  then  drew  up  his  petition,  went  to  Rockford  when  the  county  com- 
missioners were  in  session,  and  had  no  difficulty  in  getting  a  new  precinct 
formed,  but  was  asked  what  name  they  should  give  it.  Parker,  being  a 
whig,  immediately  answered,  Harrison,  which  name  was  adopted.  When 
Parker  returned  and  told  how  well  he  succeeded,  his  Democratic  friends 
•were  greatly  disgusted  with  the  name.  When  the  county  was  organized 
under  township  organization  the  name  was  continued. 

War  Record. — Whole  number  of  enlistments,  122;  whole  number 
killed  or  died  in  the  service,  24.  It  is  believed  that  this  town  furnished  a 
larger  number  of  enlistments  in  proportion  to  the  population  to  the  num- 
ber of  voters  than  any  other  town  in  the  county,  the  highest  number  of 
votes  ever  polled  being  153.  Of  the  ioregoing  enlistments,  12  were  in 
Wisconsin  regiments,  and  a  number  are  credited  to  other  townships. 

The  village  of  Harrison,  situated  on  the  banks  of  the  Pecatonica,  con- 
tains a  number  of  shops,  and  two  or  three  groceries,  and  small  stores,  hotel, 
church,  etc.  The  Western  Union  Raih-oad  missed  the  village  by  about 
one  mile. 

Hakrison  Grange  l!To.  1146  was  organized  February  3d,  1873.  Offi- 
cers: J.  M.  Williams,  M.;  Samuel  Crook,  O.;  J.  Regulas  Jewitt,  Sec;  J. 
R.  Jewitt,  Treas.  Number  of  members,  30,  Meets  the  first  and  third 
Thursday  evenings  of  each  month. 


ARGYLE. 


This  village  is  in  the  center  of  a  Scotch  immigration  to  the  lands  of 
Geo.  Armour,  upon  which  John  Greely  was  the  first  settler,  in  1834.  It  has 
a  store,  post-office,  warehouse,  and  blacksmith  shop.  About  a  half  mile 
north  of  the  N.  W.  P.  R.  at  this  place  is  the 

First  Scotch  Presbyterian  Church  of  Willow  Creek.  It  was  organ- 
ized in  1844,  with  about  40  members,  and  erected  its  first  church  edifice  in 
1847.  Nearly  all  of  its  present  400  communicants  came  originally  from 
the  Mull  of  Kintire,  Argyleshire,  Scotland.  The  pastorate  is  from  four  to 
six  miles  broad  and  about  nineteen  long.  In  July  of  this  year  the  present 
church  edifice  was  begun.  It  is  a  brick  structure  sufficiently  spacious  to 
accommodate  the  large  congregation  in  attendance.  It  is  expected  to  dedi- 
cate this  new  structure  about  the  first  of  December.  It  will  cost  -§13,000 
Sunday-school,  average  attendance,  200;  Rev.  Benj.  S.  C.  Ely,  Pastor* 
and  Superintendent. 


SHIRLAND. 

Among  the  early  settlers  of  Shirland  may  be  mentioned  Geo.  Seaton 
and  Lemuel  Fisk,  who  came  in  1837.  When  the  Western  Union  railroad 
came  through,  a  little  town  sprang  up  about  the  station,  which  now  has  a 
few  houses,  and  three  or  four  stores,  and  shops. 

The  M.  E.  Church  society  was  organized  in  1847,  but  their  house  of 
worship  was  not  erected  until  1869.  It  cost  r$2,200.  The  present  member- 
ship is  about  150.  Pastor,  Rev.  J.  M.  Conley.  Sunday-school  attendance, 
105 ;  Superintendent,  W.  A.  Phelps. 


HISTORY   OF   WINNEBAGO    COUNTY.  455 

A  cheese  factory  was  established  here  in  1869,  by  Messrs.  Winslow  & 
McNabb.  They  make  about  500  pounds  per  day,  during  their  season,  from 
February  to  December. 


HARLEM. 

This  httle  settlement  became  a  stopping  place  on  the  Kenosha  Division 
of  the  N.  W.  R.  R.  some  seventeen  years  ago,  when  the  road  iirst  went 
through. 

The  first  settler  of  the  township  was  Hiram  (?)  Wattles,  who  settled 
here  in  1835,  on  Section  31,  where  he  laid  out  a  town,  calling  it  Scipio,  but 
it  never  was  occupied. 

The  first  religious  exercises  were  held  by  the  Baptists,  among  whom 
may  be  mentioned  Elder  Picket.  In  1847,  however,  a  M.  E.  class  was 
organized,  and  maintained  until  1870,  when  the  ]3resent  church  edifice  was 
erected.  Its  membership  is  about  50,  and  an  average  attendance  at  Sunday- 
school  of  46;  Superintendent,  C.  Douglass. 


NEWT  MILFORD. 

Prominent  among  the  pioneers  of  this  township  were,  D.  S.  Shumway, 
Horace  Miller  and  Samuel  Brown.  A  town  was  laid  out  at  the  confluence 
of  the  Kishwaukee  with  the  Rock  River,  which,  it  was  hoped,  at  one  time, 
might  become  the  county  seat.  But  other  influences  prevailed  and  the 
town  went  to  decay.  Some  years  ago  the  present  village  of  New  Milford 
was  laid  out,  the  Iowa  R.  R.  came,  and  a  pleasant  little  village  has  grown 
up.  A  large  flouring  mill  has  been  in  operation  some  years  at  this  point, 
deriving  its  power  from  the  Kishwaukee  River.  Mr.  J.  Fountain,  who,  it 
is  claimed,  invented  the  sectional  knives  of  the  reapers,  had  a  manufactory 
at  this  place  some  ye;irs  ago,  but  it  has  fallen  into  disuse. 

There  is  a  good  school  here,  taught  by  Geo.  C.  Sanborn  and  wife.  A 
Congregational  Church  is  also  ijuilding  this  present  fall,  a  society  having 
been  in  existence  some  years. 

The  M.  E.  Church  of  this  place  began  as  a  class  about  1838  or  1839. 
They  now  have  a  fine  church  edifice,  and  a  large  congregation.  Pastor, 
Rev.  O.  E.  Burch. 

There  are  two  post-offices  in  the  township,  one  at  Kew  Milford  and  the 
other  at  Kishwaukee.  The  Wesleyan  Methodist  Church  of  Kishwaukee  was 
organized  May  17th,  1844,  with  five  members,  by  the  Rev.  Jeptha  Noe. 
On  the  21st  day  of  I^ovember,  1863,  the  church  reorganized,  and  built 
their  house  of  worship  in  1868,  and  parsonage  in  1870.  Number  of  mem- 
bers at  present,  65;  Rev.  A.  R.  Brooks,  Pastor;  average  at  Sunday-school, 
40;  Superintendent,  Miss  Lucy  Hart. 


456 


WINNEBAGO  coiJinT  debeotobt: 


Biographical   Directory. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


av avenue 

bet between 

bds boards 

blk block 

cor corner 

elk clerk 

e east 

es  (east  side) East  Rockford 

emp.... employee 

ins.. ..insurance 


lab laborer 

mfg manufacturing 

mkr maker 

n north 

n  e - northeast 

nr near 

opp opposite 

P  O post-office 

r residence 

8t street 


s.-- south 

6  e southeast 

8  8  (south  side) South  Rockford 

s  w southwest 

secy secretary 

supt superintendent 

treas treasurer 

W-. west 

w  8  (west  side) West  Rockford 

W  A Woodrufi's  Addition 


CITY  OF  ROCKFORD. 


AAGESEN  NICHOLAS,    atty   at  law; 
over  407  W.  State ;  r  607  Cherry. 
Abell  E.L.  emp  reaper  fact ;  r  1011  Mulberry. 
Abrahamson  A.  P.  r  705  Kishwaukee. 
Abrahamson  Alfred,  r  305  S.  Seventh. 
Abraham  J.  tailor ;  r  303  N.  Wyman. 
Adams  Geo.  tailor ;  bds  807  W.  State. 
Adams   Rev.  Franklin  D.  pastor  Emanuel 

Church ;  bds  520  N.  Church ;  w  s. 
Adams  L.  W.  peddler;  r  1008  N.  2d;  es. 
Adams  Raymond,  carp;  r  1101  E.  State. 
Adamy  A.  W.  emp  Emerson  &  Co. ;   r  1002 

Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Adel  Wm.  plasterer ;  r  1208  Rock ;  s  s. 

AOABD  JAS.  B.  Residence  512 
Chestnut  st. ;  senior  member  of  the  firm  of 
Agard  &  Ross,  616  and  618  Cedar  st.; 
wholesale  dealers  in  Grass  Seed,  Salt  and 
Wool ;  orders  filled  at  the  lowest  market 
price ;  Agents  for  Wisconsin  Butter  Tubs ; 
this  house  was  established  in  1856;  Mr. 
Agard  was  born  in  Deerfield,  Oneida  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  25,1824;  came  to  Rockford  in 
1855;  he  was  Alderman  of  the  Third 
Ward  in  10 — ;  he  is  a  Director  of  the  Win- 
nebago National  Bank ;  has  been  a  Direc- 
tor Id  the  said  bank  nearly  the  entire 
lime  since  its  organization. 

Agard  J.  F.  bkpr;  bds  512  Chestnut;  w  s. 

Ahlgren  John,  blacksmith ;  r  308  S.  Fourth. 

Ainsworth  J.  painter ;  r  206  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Albert  Geo.  bds  610  W.  State. 

Albert  Jas.  carp ;  r  202  N.  Second. 

Albert  J.  clothier,  318  E.  State;  r  408  S. 
West ;  w  8. 

Albertson  A.R.  collector;  r  303  N.Court;  ws. 


Alcock  J.  stone  mason ;  r  506  S.  Second ;  e.  s. 

AI.COTT  JAS.  Janitor  Rockford  Sem- 
inary; residence,  on  Seminary  grounds; 
born  in  Warwickshire,  Eng.,  Sept.  16, 
1834;  came  to  Rockford,  July  6,  1856; 
married  Julia  Darling,  Dec.  7,  1860;  she 
was  born  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  Oct.  26,  1837 ; 
they  have  one  child  livings  Anna  D.,  born 
Nov.  25,  1869;  they  have  lost  three  chil- 
dren: Forest  Hill,  born  Dec.  18,  1865, 
died  March  24,  1866 ;  Nellie,  born  April 
24, 1867.  died  July  13,  1867 ;  and  one  child 
which  died  in  infancy;  Mr.  Alcott  has 
been  Janitor  of  the  Seminary  17  years, 
having  first  engaged  there  July  14,  1860. 

Alexander  Mat.  painter;  r  402  S.  Winne- 
bago ;  w  s. 

Alexander  Mat.  moulder;   r  1003  East. 

Allen  A.  C.  artist;  bds  310  S. First;  e  s. 

Allen  A.  C.  livery  stable;  r  1216  E.  State. 

Allen  C.  C.  livery  stable,  516  E.  State;  r 
1105  E.  State. 

Allen  Chas.  E.  artist;  bds  310  S.  First;  e  s. 

Allen  Edwin,  express,  1110  S.  West;  s  s. 

Allen  F.  S.  tinsmith;  bds  606  Kishwaukee. 

Allen  F.R.clk,Barbour's ;  bds  White's  Hotel. 

Allen  Harry,  tinsmith ;  r  406  N.Winnebago. 

Allen  H.  G.  livery  stable ;  r  1006  E.  State. 

Allen  J.  C.  r  406  N.  Winnebago ;  w  s. 

Allen  J.  H.  carp ;  r  S.  Tenth ;  W.  A. 

Allen  Jno.tile  sewer  mfg,  406  N.  Winnebago. 

Allen  Jno.  mason ;  r  406  N.  Winnebago. 

Allen  L.  S.  physic'n ;  r  432  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Allen  R.  S.  tailor,  203  W.  State;  r  606  Kish- 
waukee. 

Allen Sam'l,  saloon;  r  407  N.  Third. 


-^^Cc^     ,^/%/^C>^ 


ROCKFORD 


1?0CKF0RD    CITY. 


459 


Allen  W.  H.  elk;  btls  1110  S.  West. 
Allen  Wyatt,  r  S.  end  Kishwankee. 

AI^L-KX  THOS.  W.  of  the  Firm  of 
Allen  A^  Bean,  Druggists;  lOG  8.  Main  St., 
West  Side;  resilience  20:J  Horsmau 
St.;  born  in  C<n-n\vall,  Eng.,  May  24,  1845; 
came  to  Koektord  iu  1849;  married  Emma 
L.  Gregory,  Oct.  ol,  1872;  she  was  born  in 
East  Corinth,  ]\Ie.,  May  21,1847;  they  have 
one  child,  Mabel  E.,"born  July  26,  187G; 
Mr.  Allen  is  a  practical  pharmaceutist, 
and  has  been  engaged  in  the  drug  busi- 
ness 12  years. 

Allen  Wm.  r  805  Rock. 

Allen  Wm.  E.  mechanic;  r  902  Horsman. 

Alley  Chas.  Q.  r  303  S.  West;  w  s. 

AliLIXCi}  DAVII>  ».  Carpenter  and 
Builder;  office  223  S.  Main  St.,  West  Rock- 
ford;  residence  508  N.  Main  St.;  born  iu 
Wesltield,  Conn.,  April  27,  1813;  com- 
menced serving  apprenticeship  as  carpen- 
ter when  17  years  of  age ;  has  worked  at 
that  trade  ever  since;  married  Rebecca 
Botsford,  May  29,  1830;  she  was  born  in 
Derry,  New  Haven  Co.,  Conn.,  Dec.  27, 
1813;  six  ciiiidren,  four  deceased;  those 
living  are  Frank  S.,  born  March  31,  1868; 
Arabella  L.,  Jan.  6,  1840;  those  deceased 
are:  Augustus  A.,  born  Nov.  1,  1841,  died 
March  16,  1845;  Wm.  O.,  April  22,  1845, 
died  March  29,  1845 ;  Augustus  D.,  Aug. 
16,  1848,  died  Jan.  16,  1859;  Chas.  W., 
Aug.  9,  1851,  died  xV.ug.  8,  1873;  Mr.  Ai- 
ling built  the  third  house  in  West  Rock- 
ford  and  lived  in  it  32  years. 

AUinson  Jno.  emp  Howes  &  Elmore ;    r  507 

S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 
Almond  Wm.  watciiman;  r  1003  Morgan. 
Alvord  A.  D.  salsmn;  r  710  E. Seminary;  e  s. 
Alvord  M.  Ernest,  carp;  r  121  S.  Court. 
Alvord  J.  S.  r  121  S;  Court;   w  s. 
Alvord  Geo.  S.  elk;  bds  121  S.  Court;  w  s. 
Alversou  G.  B.  r  406  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Ames  E.  L.  with  J.B.  Howell ;  r  803  E.  State. 
Ames  Henry  W.  lab;  r  606  N.  Main;  e  s, 
Anderson  Abram,  r  604  N.  Sixth ;  e  s. 
Anderson  Alex,  lab;  r  714  N.  First;  e  s. 
Anderson  Alex,  carp ;  r  307  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Anderson  Andrew,  r  506  Pope. 
Anderson  A.  J.  watch  mkr ;  bds  805  E.  State. 
Anderson  Aug.  lab ;  r  507  Union. 
Anderson  Carl,  lab;  r  306  Kishwaukee. 
Anderson  C.  G.  r  411  E.  State. 
Anderson  Chas.  blacksmith ;  r  1102  4th  av. 
Anderson  Chas.  F.  r  402  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Anderson  Chas.  W.  lab;  r  706  Rural. 

Anderson  F.  W.  wagonmkr;  r    Seminary, 

cor  Bluff. 
Anderson  Fred,  emp  John  Felch. 
Anderson  Gust,  lab ;  r  134  S.  First ;  e  s. 
85 


Anderson  Gust,  lab;  r  801  Rural;  e  s. 
Anderson  Hogart,  lab;  r  909  S.  West. 
Anderson  John  E.  printer,  806  Second  ave. 
xVnderson  Jno.  shoemkr  and  carpet  weaver; 

r  506  Kishwaukee. 
Anderson  J.  A.  watchmkr;  r  905  Third  av. 
Anderson  J.  C.  pressman  Rerjhter ;  r  out  of 

town. 

AXDKRSOX  J.  P.  Manager  of  the 
Forest  City  Furniture  Co.,  Woodruft"'s 
Addition,  cor.  of  Railroad  av  and  Seventh 

"  St.;  residence 809  Kishwaukee  St.;  born  iu 
Sweden,  July  28,  1847;  came  to  Chicago 
in  1851 ;  removed  to  Rockford  in  1853;  en- 
gaged m  the  furniture  business  with  A.  C. 
Johnson  from  1869  to  1875,  when  he  be- 
came connected  with  the  present  company ; 
married  Carrie  Bergsten,  Feb.  12,  1851; 
thev  have  two  children:  Lionel  Victor, 
born  Aug.  31, 1873;  Sylvia,  May  19,  1875; 
Mr.  A.  is  a  member  of  the  Lutheran  chch. 

Anderson  J.  S.  photographer,  over  327  E. 

State;  r  1110  Third  av. 
Anderson  J.  P.   tinsmith ;   r  S.  Ninth,  bet 

Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  avs. 
Anderson  Jonas  R.  blacksmith;  r  610  5th  av. 
Anderson  Jonas  N.  blacksmith;  r*130  Park. 
Anderson  L.  P.  grocer;  r  702  S.  Seventh. 
Anderson  Louis,  lab;  r  913  Kishwaukee. 
Anilerson  Otto, blacksmith;  r  130  Park;  e  s. 
Anderson  Peter,  r  910  Fifth  av. 
Anderson  Peter,  emp  G.  L.  Farmer. 
Anderson  P.  lab;  r  1207  Ferguson  ;  s  s. 
Anderson  R.  609  S.  Seventh. 
xVndeison  R.  bds  202  N.  Second;  e  s. 
Anderson  Rev.  L.  r  1208  Third  av. 

ANDRE\%'  J XO.  .1.  Proprietor  Meat 
Market ;  433  W.  State  st. ;  residence  507 
N.  Church  St.;  born  in  Scotland,  Oct.  10, 
1825;  came  to  Washington  Co.,  Ohio,  in 
1842;  lived  there  until  1843,  when  became 
to  this  Co.;  was  engaged  in  farming  in 
Guiltbrd  Tp.,  principally,  until  1853,  when 
he  commenced  the  butchering  business 
here,  which  he  has  continued  to  the  pres- 
ent time,  with  the  exception  of  an  interval 
of  about  three  years,  which  he  devoted  to 
farming;  married  Mary  J.  Enoch,  daugh- 
ter of  Henry  Enoch,  who  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1835,  with  his  family;  they  were  mar- 
ried May  12,  1853;  she  was  born  in  Butler 
Co.,  O.,  Sept.  1,  1831;  have  five  children; 
John  Dexter,  born  July  10,  1854;  Henry 
D.,  Sept.  9,  1856;  Frank  H.,  July  9,  1863; 
Minnie,  Sept.  29,  1865;  Freddie,  July  4, 
1872 ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Andrew  are  members 
of  the  Court  St.  Methodist  church. 

Andrew  H.  D.  elk;  r  507  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Andrew  R.  r  909  First  av ;  e  s. 
Andrew  G.  S.  carp ;  bds  Forest  City  House. 
Andrews  A.  r  913  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 


460 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIREOTOBT: 


AXDRETFS  &  KITCHEW,  Den- 
tists; 202  W.  State  St.,  over  Peoples  Sav- 
ings Bank. 

Andrews  I.  L.  dentist;  r  412  N.  Main:  w  s. 

Andrews Jno.  with  Rockford  Packing  Co.; 
r  Scliool,  w  of  fair  ground. 

Andrews  J.  emp  furniture  factory;  r  706 
Fourth  av ;  e  s. 

Andrus  Alvarado,  r  307  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Andrus  D.  A.  K.  r  305  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Andrus  George,  r  307  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Andrus  Isaac,  r  305  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

ANDRUS  CAPT.  \V.  D.  E.  Resi 
dence  305  N.  Church  St.;  born  in  Ellery, 
Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  25,  1834; 
parents  removed  to  Rockford  in  1843 ;  mar- 
ried Belle  Westfall,  of  Sag  Harbor,  Long 
Island ;  she  died  May  16,  1873 ;  had  one 

>  son  and  one  daughter,  both  deceased ;  Capt. 
A.  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  11th  I.  V.  I.,  April, 
1861;  at  expiration  of  three  months,  re- 
enlisted  in  same  Co.,  and  served  three  years 
longer;  was  in  all  battles  in  which  the 
11th  participated,  up  to  1864,  except  the 
battle  of  Shiloh;  at  that  time  he  was  dis- 
abled, not  having  recovered  from  wounds 
received  at  Ft.  Donelson;  was  for  consid- 
erable time  Asst.  Provost  Marshal  at  Vicks- 
burg ;  was  mustered  out  in  Sept.,1864. 

Ang  Jacob,  lab ;  r  Fourth  av. 

Angberg  Hogan,  lab ;  r  805  E.  State. 

Angle  Aaron,  lab ;  r  601  Montague ;  s  s. 

Anglemire  R.  boot  and  shoe  mfg,  N.Wyman 
near  W.  State ;  r  305  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Anglemire  W.  r  305  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

AXGSTRA:^D  ALEX.  I..  Manu- 
facturer  and  Dealer  in  Boots  and  Shoes, 
416  E.  State  st. ;  residence  308  jST.  Fourth 
St. ;  born  iu  Sweden,  March  15,  1841 ;  came 
to  Rockford  in  1869;  commenced  working 
at  his  trade  of  bootmaker  when  11  years 
of  age;  married  Charlotte  Carlson,  Feb. 
28,  1874 ;  she  was  born  iu  Sweden ;  have 
one  infant  child ;  Mr.  Angstrand  manutac- 
tures  boots  and  shoes  to  order  upon  short 
notice,  and  guarantees  to  give  perfect  sat- 
isfaction ;  he  also  keeps  a  stock  of  Men's, 
Ladies'  and  Children's  Boots  and  Shoes  on 
hand,  which  will  be  sold  at  bottom  prices. 

Angstrand,  shoemaker ;  r  206  N.  Fourth  ;  e  s. 

Anson  Stephen,  grocer;  r  1103  E.  State. 

Antes  J.  B.  r  508  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Antes  Jacob,  r  508  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Anyon  Thos.  r  306  N.  West;  w  s. 

Archibald  W.  boot  and  shoemaker,  503  E. 
State ;  r  301  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Armstrong  S.  F.  barber,  321  E.  State ;  r  Har- 
lem av. 

Armstrong  W.  B.  salesman;  bds  American 
House. 

ARXEEIi  J  AS.  Auctioneer;  resides  on 
S.  Seventh  st.  Woodruffs  Addition ;  East 


Rockford ;  Mr.  A.  gives  special  attention  to 
auction  sales  of  farm  stock  and  property; 
born  in  Williams  Co.,Va.,  March  15, 1843; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1858 ;  removed  to  Rock- 
ford in  1875;  married  Sarah  Jane  Sweeney, 
Aug.,  1871;  she  was  boru  in  Penn.;  have 
one  child,  Guy  C. ;  Mr.  A.  served  two  years 
and  a  half  during  the  war  of  the  rebellion, 
in  Co.  B,  14th  Iowa  V.  I. 

Arnold  A.  W.  r  706  Rural ;  e  s. 

AR^i^OIiD  WALTER  J.  of  the  firm 
of  Burroughs  &  Arnold,  Dealers  in  Fruits 
and  Confectionery,  50f>  East  State  st. ;  born 
in  Monroe  Tp.,  Ogle  Co.,  111.,  April  20, 
1853;  came  to  Rockford  in  1867;  was  en- 
gaged in  the  butchering  business  here 
seven  years;  Mr.  Arnold  is  a  member  of 
the  Westminster  Presbyterian  church. 

Ashcraft  H.  E.  r  602  Seminary;  e  s. 

Ashcraft  Solon,  carp ;  bds  Geo.  S  Warren. 

Ashford  Alben,  r  902  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Ashford  Edw.  lab ;  r  402  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Ashford  John,  r  902  N.  Second. 

Ashford  Thos.  elk  T.  Pyng;  r  N.  Second. 

Aspergreen  Chas.  r  305  Bluft;  e  s. 

Asprooth  C.  O.  baker,  Kishwaukee  near 
State ;  r  same. 

Atchison  John,  bds  1009  E.  State. 

ATCHLEY  A.  S.  Photographer,  314 
W.  State  St. ;  residence  209  N.  Main  st., 
West  Rockford;  Portraits  iu  India  Ink, 
Crayon  and  Oil  Colors  made,  and  enlarg- 
ing work  of  every  description  done ;  the 
work  is  first-class,  perfect  satisfaction  guar- 
anteed ;  Mr.  Atchley  was  born  in  Trenton, 
N.  J.,  March  3.  1843 ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
April,  1871. 

Atkinson  Geo.  R.  r  401  N.  Winnebago ;  w  s. 

Atwood  C.  W.  cooper;  r  1206  S.  Winne- 
bago; s  s. 

Atwood  G.  H.  mechanic ;  r  1104  Ferguson ;  s  s. 

Atwood  H.H.  r  S.  Ninth,  cor  Ninth  av;  W.A. 

Auger  John,  gardener ;  r  414  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Austin  F.  H.  painter;  r  808  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Austin  J.  moulder ;  r  Cedar  bet  Court  and 
Church ;  w  s. 

Austin  S.  A.  physician ;  r  902  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Avery  Chas.  painter ;  r  206  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Avery  C.  building  mover ;  r  508  Gregory ;  e  s. 

Ayer  Otis  L.  bds  Hardy's  Hotel. 

BABBITT   MARSHALL,  watchman;    r 
Corbin,  bet  Loomis  and  Morgan;  s  s. 
Babcock  I.  D.  farm;  r  807  Kent;  s  s. 

RABCOCK  NOYES  E.  Of  the  firm 

of  Babcock  &  Gill,  Dentists,  223  East 
State  street;  resides  at  301  S.  First  street; 
born  in  Luzerne  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  8,  1833; 
came  to  Rockford  in  1860,  and  engaged  in 
the  dentistry  business,  being  the  oldest  es- 
tablished dentist  now  in  the  business  in 
the    city;     married    Harriet   E.    Crosby 


KOOKFORD   CITY. 


461 


(daughter  of  Asa  Crosby,  an  old  settler  of 
this  place),  Aug.  31,  1865;  she  was  born 
in  Rockford;  they  have  two  children: 
Herbert  M.,  born  Aug.  10,  1867 ;  and  Cora 
A.,  born  Oct.  10,  1871;  the  Dr.  and  Mrs. 
Babcock  are  members  of  the  First  Congre- 
gational Church. 

BACHARACH  ISAAC,  Merchant 
Tailor  and  Dealer  in  Keady-Made 
Clothing  and  Gents'  Furnishing  Goods; 
only  one  price  clothing  house  in  Rock- 
ford;  store  801  West  State  street,  corner 
Main;  residence  301  N.  Main  street;  born 
in  Germany,  Sept.  8,  1834 ;  came  to  Rock- 
ford  in  1857. 

Bacharach  J.  salesman ;  r  301  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Back  Michael,  r  410  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 

Bacon  Charles.  J^.  stone  mason;  r  907  Oak. 

Backus  J.  r  N.  Winnebago,  above  Whit- 
man ;  w  s. 

Bailey  John,  1012  Crosby;  e  s. 

BAIIiEY  RUFIIS  C.  County  Judge; 
Horsman's  block;  boards  Holland  House, 
Rockford ;  born  in  Auburn,  Maine,  July 
28,1833;  came  to  Rockford  in  October, 
1855;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860; 
was  City  Clerk  from  1860  to  1866 ;  was 
City  Attorney  in  1863;  was  appointed 
County  Judge  in  August,  1873 ;  in  Nov., 
1873,  elected  to  serve  for  four  years. 

Baird  F.  K.  milkman,  r  907  S.  West;  s  s. 

Baker  Chas.  bds  204  First;  e  s. 

Baker  Daniel  W.,  r  703  Horsman. 

Baker  E.  H.  attorney  at  law,  over  408  E. 
State ;  r  907  Seminary ;  e  s. 

Baker  H.  N.  real  estate  and  loan  agent,  over 
408  E.  State ;  r  405  East ;  e  s. 

Baker  M.  carpenter;  bds  302  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Baker  Michael,  lab;  r  604  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Balderson  M.  carpenter;  r  1404  S.  West;  s  s. 

Baldwin  A.  G.  baggage  master  C.  &  N.  W. 
R.  R. ;  r  Arch,  nr  S.  Avon. 

Baley  L.  H.  carp ;  r  S.  10th  cor  12th  av ;  W.A. 

Ball  John,  emp  furniture  factory;  bds  111 
S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Ball  Wm.  r  404  S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Ballaugh  Peter  S.  .moulder;  r  Corbin,  cor 
Loomis ;  s  s. 

Bane  Jno.  barber;  r  over  203  Mulberry;  w  s. 

Banks  Benj.  F.  r  S.  Ninth;  W.  A. 

Barbour  J.  C.  dry  goods ;  r  418  N.Main ;  w  s. 

Barbour  W.B.  dry  goods ;  r  420  N.Main ;  w  s. 

BARBOUR  ORISON  F.  Principal 
of  the  South  Rockford  School ;  residence 
506  North  Court  street. 

Bardin  Piatt,  carp;  r  111  River;  s  s. 

Bargsten  Andrew,  r  907  S.  Third. 

Barker  A.  painter ;  r  203  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Barker  Ira,  r  302  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Barker  John,  agent  Rockford  Ins.  Co. ;  r  110 
Eighth,  cor  Charles ;  e  s. 


Barnard  D.  A.  carp;  r  204  S.  First;  e  s. 

Barnard  D.  r  606  E.  State. 

Barnard  J.  r  street  from  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 

BARI^fES  GEO.  W.  Photogi-apher; 
106  S.  Main  street;  residence  512  Rockton 
avenue,  West  Rockford;  born  Feb.  1, 
1831 ;  came  to  Galesburg,  111.,  in  1853 ;  re- 
moved to  Rockford  in  1854;  he  has  been 
engaged  in  making  pictures  since  1849; 
married  Elvira  C.  Curtis,  July  13,  1853 ; 
she  was  born  in  Dansville,  Livingstcm  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  6,  1835 ;  they  have  three  chil- 
dren: Frank  H.,  born  Aug.  29,  1858;  Geo. 
W.,  July  29,  1866 ;  and  Agnes  E.,  Oct.  16, 
1868. 

Barnes  H.  L.  express ;  r  912  Pecatonica. 

Barnes  Hubert,  r  605  Pecatonica. 

Barnes  J.  elk  Graham  «&  Co. ;  r  1311  S.West. 

Barnes  R.  W.  freight  clerk  C.  &  I.  R.  R. ;  r. 
306  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Barnes  W.F.  mnfr ;  r  407  N.Winnebago ;  w  s. 

BARNES  JOHN,  Of  the  firm  of  W. 
F.  &  John  Barnes,  Manufacturers  of  Foot 
Power  Machinery  on  Water  Power;  re- 
sides at  508  N.  Court  street ;  born  in  Mt. 
Morris,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  16,  1833 ;  first  wife 
was  Almira  J.  White,  of  Penn. ;  she  died 
Oct.  7,  1872 ;  one  child  by  this  marriage, 
Aubrey  T.,  born  Sept.  30,  1872;  present 
wife  was  Jennie  Parmelee ;  married  Oct. 
15,1874;  they  have  one  child,  Mary  E.,  ' 
born  July  22,  1876;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Barnes 
gire  members  of  the  2d  Congl.  Church. 

Barnes  Wm.  bds  904  S.  Church. 

Barnett  Thos.  stone-cutter,  bds  City  Hotel. 

Barney  Edward,  lab ;  r  508  Gregory,  e  s. 

Barnum  Harris,  vice  pres  Forest  City  ins  co ; 
r  1201  E.  State. 

Barrett  John,  shoemaker ;  r.  901  Benton ;  e  s. 

Barrett  Joseph,  r  713  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Barrett  M.  F.  elk;  r  712  N.  First;  e  s. 

Barrett  Patrick,  r  713  N.  First;  e  s. 

Barrett  W.  W.  r  809  Main ;  s  s. 

Barry  David,  lab ;  r  Oak,  cor  Rockton  av. 

Barrows  D.  S.  r  1006  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Barrows  Homer  I.  r  1103  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Barrows  J.  r  1103  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Barr  Geo.  W.  carp;  r  403  Catlin. 

Barsby  Albert,  r  Chestnut,  w  of  creek. 

Bartlett  A.  L.  r  906  Cedar ;  w  s. 

Bartlett  D.  L.  r  906  Cedar;  w  s. 

Bartlett  J.  W.  bakery;  r  cor  Church  and 
Elm ;  w  s. 

Bartlett  J.  H.  r  401  S.  First;  e  s. 

Bartlett  Moses,  r  403  S.  Main;  e  s. 

Bartlit  Orson H.  painter;  r  1109  Charles;  e  s. 

Barth  Jacob,  watchman  RR;  r  1011  South. 

Bassett  E.  P.  trav  agt;  r  305  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Bassett  L.  S.  harness-maker;  bds  Forest  City 
House. 


462 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTOBY: 


Bassett  R.  A.  trav.  agt;  r  305  N.  Main;  e  s. 
Basford  Joseph,  r  504  N.  First ;  e  s. 
Basford  James,  lab;  bds.  410  S.  Main;  w  s. 
Batchelder  Fred,  emp  John  Fitch. 
Batchelder  K.  E.  janitor  public   school;   r 

702  Kishvvaukee;  e  s. 
Batchelder  P.  J.  carp ;  i-  Kent  near  S.  Main. 
Bate  Thomas,  fjirmer;  r  811  Horsman. 
Bates  A.  shoemaker ;  rover  109  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Bates  Alanson,  Jr.,  r  over  109  N.  Main;  w  s. 
Bander  G.  M.  foreman  at  H.  G.  Allen  &  Co.'s ; 

bds.  American  House. 
Baxter  John,  r  303  S.  Wyman. 
Beale  J.  jeweler ;  r  902  First  av ;  e  s. 
Beale  Thomas,  jeweler;  r  309  S.  Fourth. 

BEAX  CL,ARE3fCE,  Of  the  firm  of 
Allien  &  Bean,  Druggists,  106  South  Main 
St. ;  resides  at  cor.  of  South  Main  and  Mon- 
tague sts. ;  born  in  Rockford,  Feb.  19, 1855 ; 
married  Kittie  Blake,  Oct.  14,  1876. 

Bean  E.  C.  blacksmith ;  r  505  N.  Winnebago. 

Bean  Frank,  r  505  N.  Winnebago ;  w  s. 

Berman  J.  upholsterer;  r  906  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Beard  E.  G.  r  Prairie,  near  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Beard  Geo.  C.  r  614  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Beath  Wm.  wireweaver;  r  1205  Charles. 

Beatson  David,  emp.  John  P.  Manny ;  r  same. 

Beatson  Wm.  lab ;  r  1005  South. 

Beattie  John,  r  203  North. 

BECKER'IS  ROCKFORD  BU$$I- 
KESS  COI/IiEGE,  E.  C.  A.  Beck- 
er, Prop'r;  this  College  is  the  oldest,  best 
established  and  most  thorough  College  in 
Rockford,  and  has  no  superior  in  the  State ; 
its  teachers  are  the  most  thorough  in 
Northern  Illinois;  every  student  is  guar- 
anteed good  progress  or  money  refunded ; 
Prof.  Becker  is  noted  for  the  amount  of 
sound  progress  every  student  makes  in  any 
branch  he  may  take ;  branches  are :  Book- 
keeping, Practical  and  Ornamental  Pen- 
manship, Commercial  Law,  Commercial 
Calculations,  Business  Practice,  Detection 
of  Counterfeit  Money,  Telegraphing, 
Short-hand,  etc.,  etc.;  telegraphic  con- 
nection with  W.  U.  Telegraph  office; 
separate  Ladies'  Department ;  send  for  cir- 
culars and  terms ;  address  E.  C.  A.  Becker, 
Proprietor. 

Becker  W.  H.  pumps ;  r  926  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Becker  Chas.  F.  mason;  r  1003  Crosby;  e  s. 

Beckman  John,  painter ;  r  1008  Fourth  av. 

Beckstrand  Wm.  shoemaker ;  r  over  312  E. 
State. 

Beckstrand  Wm.  r  107  Morgan. 

Bedard  Frank,  bds  612  Mulberry ;  w  s. 

Beddoes  Edward,  Gazette  office ;  r  seminary 
ground;  W.  State. 

Beddoes  Geo.  W.  bds  413  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Beddoes  W.  E.  constable ;  bds  City  Hotel. 


Beers  Daniel,  r  610  N.  Second  ;  e  s. 
Behel  A.  O.  draughtsman ;  r  1015  Mulberry. 
Behel  D.  cigar  mkr ;  bds  1015  Mulberry ;  w  s. 
Behel  Frank,  r  1015  Mulberry ;  w  s. 

BEHEL.  JACOB,  Solicitor  of  Amer- 
ican and  Foreign  Patents,  Mechanical 
Engineer  and  Expert  in  Patent  Cases, 
Room  1,  No.  116  S.Main  st.,West  Rockford ; 
residence  1015  Mulberry ;  born  in  Mifflm, 
Juniata  Co.,  Peun.,  Nov.  8,  1816 ;  came  to 
Earlville,  111.,  in  1857;  came  to  Rockford 
in  1863 ;  he  is  the  inventor  of  the  grain 
binder  now  embodied  in  what  is  known 
as  the  Gorham  binder ;  he  is  the  inventor 
of  many  important  articles,  among  which 
may  be  mentioned  patent  JSlo.  5,250  for  a 
Fanning  Mill,  patent  granted  Aug.  21, 
1847;  he  has  four  patents  on  grain  hinders, 
granted  during  the  years  1864,  '65  and  '69 ; 
Fence  Wire  Stretcher,  Sept.  13,  1864; 
Horse-shoe,  May  29,  1866;  Saw  Gauge, 
Feb.  12,  1867;  Horse-shoe,  Nov.  12,  1867; 
Mortise  Burglar  Proof  Lock,  1868;  Te- 
noning Machine,  1869;  Gate,  1869;  Door 
Stop,  1871 ;  Cultivator,  1873,  two  patents ; 
Cultivator  Teeth,  1873 ;  Cultivator,  1875 ; 
Whiffle  Tree  Hook,  two  patents,  1874; 
Postal  Card  File,  1875 ;  Window  Blinds, 
1876,  and  Chain  Belt,  1876. 

Beissert  A.  furniture  mkr ;  r  503  N.  Second. 

Belcher  Orville  G.  lab ;  r  926  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Belford  David  J.  r  308  S.  West. 

Belford  J.  baker,  325  W.  State ;  r  308  S,  West 

Belford  W.  S.  book-keeper;  r  308  S.  West. 

Bell  Cyrus,  carp;  r  112  S.  Second;  e  s. 

Bell  Thomas,  r  608  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Belknap  N.  shoemaker ;  r  1014  Rock ;  s  s. 

Bengstrom  Claus,  emp  A.  M.  Johnston  &  Co. 

Bengston  Andrew,  r  Seminary ;  s  R.R. 

Bennett  Swan,  lab ;  r  610  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Benoit  N.  E.  watchmaker;  r  ^25  W.  State. 

Benson  John,  lab;  r  410  S.  Sixth;  e  s. 

Benson  Peter,  emp ;  G.  W.  Moffatt. 

Benson  Swan,  lab ;  r  stone  row  S.  Water ;  e  s. 

Benson ,  tailor ;  r  805  E.  State. 

Bentley  T.  D.  emp  Graham  &  Co.;  r  308 
Chestnut;  w  s. 

Berger  E.  G.  artist;  bds  310  S.  First;  e  s. 

Berger  J.  painter;  bds  110  S.  Main;  e  s. 

Bergonson ,  r  408  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Bergran  John,  r  212  S.  Water,  e  s. 

Bergsten  A.  lab;  r  505  E.  Seminary;  e  s. 

Berridge  George,  r  707  George ;  w  s. 

Bergquist  O.  painter ;  r  407  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Bergquist  Gust,  painter ;  r  S.  Seventh ;  w  s. 

Berthran  Napoleon,  lab ;  r  727  N.  Main,  e  s. 

Bertrand  F.  T.  mfg ;  r  414  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Bertrand  Joseph,  bds  414  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Best  C.  mason;  r  Blaisdell  w  of  fairgi'ound. 

Best  Geo.  marble  cutter;  r  204  N.  Third. 


ROCKFOKD   CITY. 


463 


Best  W.  mason ;  r  Blaisdell  w  of  fair  ground. 

Besscy  Geo.  painter;  r  404  8.  Court;  w  s. 

Bcssey  George,  painter ;  bds  506  W.  State. 

Bessev  Lyman,  lab ;  r  over  404  S.  Court. 

Bettes  Wra.  r  533  N.  Cliurch,  w  s. 

Bide  W.  shoemaker ;  r  305  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Barer  David,  r  third  house  s  of  H.  Brown. 

Bicrer  E.  H.  mfg  and  dlr  in'  American  and 
foreign  views ;  r  tliird  house  s  of  H.  Brown. 

Bigalow  F.travagt ;  r  S.Main,cor  Loomis ;  s  s. 

Bigelow  D.  W.  Cedar  cor  S.  Avon. 

Bigelow  F.  farm;  r  1313  Third  av;  e  s. 

BiFdahl  Andrew  G.  hib ;  r  805  E.  State. 

Billiugliam  S.  C.  carriagemaker;  r  305  Mor- 
gan ;  S  S. 

Billiugham  Albert,  r  305  Morgan ;  s  s. 

Billings  D.  H.  r  014  Kuowlton. 

Billiugtou  Edward,  r  505  Court;  e  s. 

Bilstrand  John,  lab;  r  116  N.  Third;  e  s. 

Bilstrand  John,  Jr.  r  116  N.  Third;  e  s. 

Bingham  F.  J.  elk;  r  714  N.  Court;  \v  s. 

Bingham  Harry,  meat;  r  509  Catliu. 

Bingham  James,  ice,  r  808  Crosby;  e  s. 

Bingham  J.W.  live  stock ;  r  714  N.Court ;  w  s. 

Birdsall  K.salesmn  S.C.Withrow.;r  1004  Elm. 

Bishop  Fred  H.  r  1006  Maple. 

Bishop  George  A.  emp  Amer  Ex  Co ;  r  Peach 
e  of  Avon ;  w  s. 

Bishop  H.J.tailor  317  E. State;  r  out  of  town. 

Bishop  James  H.  r  1006  Maple. 

Black  Alex,  r  108  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Black  Alex,  r  1014  E.  State. 

Black  Jolin  L.  r  736  X.  First;  e  s. 

Blackmau  Frank,  r  506  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Blackman  F.  L.  shoe  dealer  311  W.  State;  r 
305  X.  First. 

Blackman  G.W.  pump  mfg ;  r  506  S.First ;  e  s. 

Blackmer  Hiram,  r  931  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Blaisdell  B.  R.  painter;  r  303  Avon;  w  s. 

BI.AISDEI.I.  E.  \V.  Real  Estate 
Dealer  and  Attorney  and  Counsellor  at 
.Law;  office  in  Blaisdell's  Building,  W. 
State  St.,  "West  Rockford ;  residence  304  N. 
Church ;  born  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  July  18, 
1836;  came  to  Stephenson  Co.,  111.,  in 
1853;  came  to  Rockford  in  1854;  estab- 
lished the  Rockford  Republican  in  1854; 
conducted  that  paper  until  1861 ;  since 
that  time  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  Real 
Estate  and  Law  business ;  Mr.  B.  was  a 
member  of  the  Illinois  State  Legislature 
in  1859  and  1860. 

Blake  Chas.  r  901  Horsman. 

Blake  Evans,  r  513  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Blake  Geo.  W.  stone-cutter;  r  901  Horsman. 

Blake  J.  mason  and  builder;  r  901  Horsman. 

Blake  Patrick,  r  515  Cedar. 


BLAKE  THATCHER,  The  subject 
of  this  sketch,  whose  i)ortrait  appears  in 
this  work,  is  a  direct  lineal  descendant,  on 
his  mother's  side,  of  the  celebrated  Ed- 
ward Winslow,  who  came  to  this  countiy 
in  the  Mayflower,  and  to  whose  wisdom, 
energy  and  prudence  in  his  intercourse 
with  the  Indians  were  due  the  preserva- 
tion and  prosperity  of  that  small  colony 
cast  among  hostile  savages.  His  father, 
Thatcher  Blake,  Sr.,  was  born  Feb.  33, 
1774,  at  Taunton,  Mass.;  died  Oct.  39, 
1839,  at  Foxcroft,  Maine.  Mr.  B.  was 
born  at  Turner,  Oxford  Co.,  Maine,  March 
16, 1809;  moved  with  parents  to  Foxcroft, 
Piscataquis  County ;  here  his  father  settled 
on  a  farm,  the  son  assisting  in  the  sum- 
mer season  and  teaching  district  school  in 
the  winter,  with  the  exception  of  one  win- 
ter, when  he  was  engaged  in  lumbering, 
till  June  1,  1834;  he  then  left  home  and 
started  for  the  great  West,  having  no  tixed 
place  for  location.  There  were  no  steam- 
ers or  railroads,  so  he  took  passage  to 
Boston  in  a  schooner ;  by  stage  to  Albany, 
X.  Y.,  over  the  Green  Mountains ;  at  Al- 
bany lie  came  by  railroad  some  fourteen 
miles,  that  being  as  far  as  it  extended 
West ;  there  he  took  packet  boat  on  the 
canal  for  Buffalo,  and  by  boat  from  there 
to  Cleveland,  Ohio;  from"  there  took  canal 
for  Cincinnati,  but  after  one  day  the  canal 
broke,  and  he  with  live  others  hired  a 
team  for  Dayton,  the  journey  lasting  nine 
days.  On  reaching  Cincinnati  he  found 
no'  inducements  to  locate,  and  proceeded 
'to  Louisville,  and  thence  to  St.  Louis; 
here  he  met  many  who  had  been  in  the 
Black  Hawk  War,  who  gave  him  glowing 
accounts  of  the  Rock  River  country,  and 
of  Galena,  at  that  time  celebrated  for  its 
mining  interests. 

He  accordingly  visited  Galena,  with  a 
view  of  engaging  in  mining.  After  spend- 
ing a  couple  of  weeks  and  thoroughly 
inspecting  the  whole  situation,  he  con- 
cluded there  was  too  much  hard  work  and 
uncertainty  in  that  business.  Here_  he 
l)ecanie  acquainted  with  Germauicus 
Kent,  from  Alabama,  who  was  stopping 
temporarily  with  his  bnither,  Rev.  A  rat  us 
Kent,  a  Presbyterian  clergyman.  They 
aiTanged  to  explore  the  Rock  River  Val- 
ley together.  They  loaded  their  supplies 
in  a  "Democrat  wagon,"  and  traveled  35 
miles  to  Ransom,  the  lowest  settlement  at 
that  time  on  the  Pecalouica  River.  Here, 
trading  their  horse  and  wagon  for  a  canoe, 
and  putting  all  necessaiy  supplies  on 
board,  they  start  to  explore  a  country  un- 
inhabited by  white  men,  for  100  miles 
east,  and  north  to  the  lakes.  They  con- 
tinned  their  journey  down  the  river  till 
they  came  to  the  Indian  village  of  Winni- 
sheck— where  the  city  of  Freeport  now 
stands — containing  about  300  Indians. 
Having  stopped  and  explored  the  country 
at  various  times,  they  finally  landed  and 
camped  on  what  is  now  the    beautiful 


464 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


grounds  of  Mrs.  Tinker,  in  the  city  of 
Rockford.  Mr.  Blake  selected  a  claim, 
still  known  as  Blake's  Grove,  two  and 
one-half  miles  west  of  the  present  city,  on 
the  state  road.  So  well  pleased  were  they 
with  their  location,  that  after  a  trip  to 
Dixon  and  Galena,  Mr.  B.  returned  in 
August  of  the  same  year,  and  has  since 
resided  in  this  Tp.  At  that  time  his  near- 
est white  neighbor  east  was  50  miles,  at 
Elgin;  south,  40  miles,  at  Dixon;  west, 
40  miles;  north,  no  one  but  Mack,  an 
Indian  trader,  till  you  reach  the  lakes.  He 
married  Miss  Mary  Jane  Goodhue,  Nov. 
G,  1838,  who  was  born  Aug.  29,  1813,  at 
Peterboro,  N.  H.  She  came  with  her  sis- 
ter, Mrs.  Sauke,  and  settled  in  Stephenson 
Co.,  111.  This  was  the  first  marriage  cere- 
mony performed  in  that  county.  He  re- 
sided on  his  farm  where  he  lirst  settled, 
till  1851,  when  he  removed  to  the  city  of 
Rockford  and  engaged  in  real  estate  on 
his  own  private  account,  which  has  since 
been  his  occupation.  This  has  led  him 
to  travel  extensively  in  most  of  the  West- 
ern States,  buying  and  selling  lands — 
mostly  pine.  He  now  resides  on  S.  Main 
St.,  south  of  city  limits.  He  has  spent  two 
winters  with  his  fivmily  on  the  Pacific 
coast,  and  while  pleased  with  the  delight- 
ful climate  there,  has  concluded  that  in 
all  his  travels  he  finds  nothing  to  excel  the 
place  of  his  first  choice,  in  climate  and 
healthfulness,  social,  educational  and  re- 
ligious privileges.  While  every  one  of 
his  neighbors  in  pioneer  life  have  passed 
"over  the  river,"  so  far  as  he  knows,  he  is 
robust,  with  faculties  well  preserved,  and 
a  goodly  prospect  of  many  years,  to  enjoy 
the  fruits  of  his  labors.  Has  one  daugh- 
ter, Kate,  who  is  now  Mrs.  Clarence  Bean, 
of  the  firm  of  Allen  &  Bean,  druggists,  of 
this  city. 

Blake  Thomas,  r  515  Cedar. 

Blakemau    Benjamm,   lumber   dealer    and 

pres  Rockford  Tack  Co ;  r  434  N.Main ;  w  s. 
Blancher  George,  bds  302  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Blewfield  Gust,  bds  City  Hotel. 
Blinn  A.  street  sprinkling;  r  802  Pecatonica. 
Blinn  Edmund  B.  r  504  Horsman. 
Blinn  Jesse,  r  504  Horsman. 
BlinnW.C.bkpr  John  P.Manny ;  r  Harlem  av. 
Block  Frank,  distiller;  r  East,  u  end. 
Blodgett  J.  H.  prin  W.  R.  high  school,  and 

suptW.R.public  schools  ;r  426N.Main  ;  w  s. 
Blomberg  Andrew,  carp;  r  303  Bluff;  e  s. 
Blomberg  Chas.  r  Fourth  av,  cor  Eighth. 
Blomberg  C.  cabinetmaker;  r  702  S.  Third. 
Blomberg  John,  bds  308  Bluff. 
Blomberg  John,  carp;  r  605  S.  Sixth. 
Blomquist  Adolph,  r  507  Union;  e  s. 
Blomquist  Andrew,  emp  Dr.  L.  Clark. 
Blomquist  Gust,  lab;  r309  S.- Sixth;  e  s. 


BI^OMQIJIST  liOlJIS  M.  Merchant 
Tailor,  In.  E.  cor.  Main  and  State  sts.,  up 
stairs.    West  Rockford;    residence,    cor. 
Second  av.  and  Fifth  st. ;  born  in  Sweden 
March  5,  1848 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1866 
married  Anna  S.  Anderson,  April  1,  1872 
she  was  born  in  Norway ;  they  have  one 
child,  Ernest  Louis,  born  May  14,   1873 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Blomquist  are  members  of 
the  Swedish  Methodist  Church ;  Mr.  B.  is 
one  of  the  best  merchant  tailors  in  Rock- 
ford; he  has  been  engaged  in  the  business 
ever  since  he  came  here. 

Blomstrom  J.  painter;  r  311  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 
Blomstrom  J.  M.  blacksmith;  r 803 Fifth  av. 
Bloom  G.  W.  harnessmkr ;  r  over  329W.State. 
Blumstram  Andrew,  r  605  S.  Fifth. 
Boardman  Fred  J.  r  1107  S.  Winnebago. 
Bodine  Alfred,  lab ;  r  603  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Bodmer  G.  stone-cutter,  bds  414  S.Court ;  w  s. 
Bodmer  G.  G.  stone-cutter ;  bds  White  Hotel. 
Bogardus  F.  F.  elk  C.  A.  Sanborn ;  bds  same. 
Bohstrnm  John,  r  Seminary ;  s  s. 
Bohm  John,  lab;  r  Prospect;  out  of  city. 
Bohm  Peter,  lab;  r  Prospect;  out  of  city. 
Boice  J.  W.  broom  mfg ;  bds  302  S.Main ;  w  s. 
Bonander  A.  r  rear  704  Fourth  av ;  e  s. 
Boner  John  F.  r  608  Chestnut ;  w  s. 
Bonfas  John,  r  1010  Elm ;  w  s. 
Bonney  James,  r  204  S.  West. 
Bookout  James,  tailor;  r  303  Horsman. 
Borden  F.  bds  Forest  City  House. 
Borden  I.  N.  prop  Forest  City  House ;  r  same. 
Borg  Andrew,  mason;  r  1101  Third  av;  e  s. 
Borgsten  Joseph,  bds  603  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Bosenbach  J.  miller;  bds  508  S.  Main;  w  s. 
Bott  Marcus,  mason;  r  1106  Rock. 
Boutwell  Arthur  E.  r  109  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Boutwell  Wm.  P.  r  109  S.  Second;  e  s. 
Bowdoin  Wm.  M.  r  605  North;  w  s. 
Bowles  Wm.  S.  r  907  Rock ;  s  s. 
Bowman  Gust,  r  128  Park. 
Bowman  Ferdinand,  lab ;  r  401  S.  Second. 
Bowman  Raynold,  painter;  r  510  Unioq. 
Boyce  M.  D.  carp ;  r  502  East ;  e  s. 
Boyd  John,  trav  agt;  r  503  N.  Church. 
Boyle  Barney,  lab;  r  1401  S.  Main;  s  s. 
Boyle  Richard,  lab;  r  1003  Elm;  w  s. 
Boynton  Warren,  r  1010  E.  State. 
Bradberg  John,  lab;  r  1020  Sixth  av;  e  s. 
Bradbury  George,  r  507  Longwood ;  e  s. 
Bradbury  Thomas,  r  507  Longwood;  e  s. 
Bradley  Geo.  planing  mill,  305  S.  Main;  w. 

s;  r  406  Horsman. 
Bradley  Wm.  H.  cooper;  r  517  Union;  e  s. 
Bradshaw  R.  E.  r  1108  S.  Court,  s  s. 
Brady  C.  P.  r  705  Elm ;  w  s. 


ROCKFORD    CITT. 


465 


Brady  H.  H.  r  705  Elm ;  w  s. 
Brady  Henry,  r  Wall,  near  S.  Court. 

BRAIdVvOOD  AXBREAV,  Fore, 
man  Foundry  of  Emerson,  Talcott  &  Co. ; 
residence  1201  Rock  street;  born  in  Al- 
bany, JSr.  Y..  Sept.  11,  1829;  moved  to  Lou- 
isville, K}'.,  in  1853;  came  to  Rockford  in 
August,  1854;  lias  been  engaged  in  the 
foundry  business  twcuty-four  years;  has 
been  with  Emerson,  Talcott  &  Co.  ever 
since  tliey  established  their  manufacturing- 
business  here;  married  ,  Louisa  Empey, 
Aug.  6,  1856 ;  she  was  born  in  Canada, 
Sept.  10,  1829;  they  have  live  children, 
James  Grant,  Albert  A.,  Samuel  L.,  Kittle 
M.,  and  Wm.  S. ;  Mrs.  B.  is  a  member  of 
the  South  Rockford  M.  E.  Church. 

Brainard  E.  P.  meat  market ;  403  "W.  State ;  r 
706  George ;  w  s. 

Brainard  J.  H.  moulder ;  r  1019  Mulberry. 

Bramber  John,  lab ;  r  124  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Brantingham  J.  J.  broker ;  r  408  N.West ;  w  s. 

Brantingham  Robert,  r  North,  cor  Horsman. 

Brant  Jacob,  r  Wall,  n  S.  West. 

Bratton  Geo.  r  street  n  cemetery ;  e  s. 

Brazee  A.H.wagon  mnfr ;  309  N.Wyman ; w  s. 

Brazee  C.  M.  attorney  at  law,  over  Winne- 
bago Natl  Bank ;  r  502  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Brearley  A.  C.  book-keeper;  r  707  Cherry. 

Brearly  Geo.  W.  book-keeper ;  r  707  Cherry. 

Brearly  Wm.  M.  carp;  r  707  Cherry. 

Brearton  M.wagon  nikr ;  r  West,  s  s,  nr  river. 

Bred  A.  emp  N.  C.  Thompson,  r  foot  Park. 

Brennan  John,  r  715  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Brenner  A.  blacksmith ;  r  706  Montague ;  s  s. 

Brenner  Wm.  r  706  Montague ;  s  s. 

Bretnor  E.  watchman ;  r  808  Second  av ;  e  s. 

Brick  Wm.  painter ;  r  405  S.  Winnebago. 

Briggs  Chas.  E.  r  1206  E.  State. 

Briggs  Chester  E.  r  907  Kishwaukee. 

BRIGOS$    CHESTER    C.    Of  the 

firm  of  Briggs  &  Enoch,  Manufacturers  of 
Plows  and  Cultivators,  on  Water  Power ; 
resides  at  1206  East  State  street;  born  in 
Dover,  Windham  Co.,  Vt.,  Sept.  6,  1817 ; 
engaged  in  farming  pursuits  until  17 
years  of  age,  when  he  entered  the  Oneida 
Institute ;  received  his  education  there  and 
at  Dartmouth  College ;  for  two  years  he 
was  editor  of  the  Green  Mountnia  Free- 
man, of  Montpelier,  Vt.,  which  is  still 
published  there;  he  was  editor  of  the 
Liberty  Gazette,  of  Burlington,  Vt.,  for 
three  years;  both  anti-slavery  papers;  a 
large  portion  of  the  time  for  six  or  seven 
years  he  was  in  the  lecture  field  as  an 
anti-slavery  advocate ;  for  four  j^ears  pre- 
vious to  1853,  he  was  engaged  in  the  pro- 
duce business;  in  1853  he  removed  to 
Rockford ;  the  same  year  he  engaged  in 
the  banking  business,  being  the  senior 
member  of  the  firm  of  Briggs,  Spafibrd  & 


Penfield;  he  continued  in  the  banking 
business  until  1863;  for  three  or  four 
years  thereafter  he  was  engaged  in  real 
estate,  wool  and  other  speculations ;  in 
1866,  he  engaged  in  the  manufacturing 
business,  and  has  continued  in  that  busi- 
ness since;  he  is  a  Director  in  the  Rock- 
ford National  Bank  and  of  the  Forest  City 
Furniture  Co. ;  married  Emeline  M.  Peck, 
Dec.  9,  1844;  she  was  born  in  Montpelier, 
Vt.,  Jan.  1,  1820;  they  have  two  children 
living:  Charles  E.,  who  is  now  in  Senior 
Class  at  Yale  College,  was  born  May  15, 
1856;  George  S.,  Jan.  2,  1859;  they  have 
one  adopted  daughter,  Lizzie  M.,  now 
Mrs.  D.  H.  Ferguson;  she  was  adopted 
and  her  name  was  changed  by  act  of  the 
Legislature  from  Lizzie  M.  Dennis  to  that 
of  Briggs;  Mr.  Briggs  lost  three  children, 
who  died  in  infancy. 

Briggs  G.  S.  book-keeper ;  bds  1206  E.  State. 

Briggs  J.  W.  r  907  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Briggs  — .  moulder;  r  1105  East;  s  s. 

Brigham  J.  W.  mechanic ;  bds  American  H. 

Bright  H.S.  wagon  maker ;  r  213  S.Main ;  w  s. 

Bright  Wm.  A.  r  213  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Brill  Daniel,  butcher ;  r  603  Longwood ;  e  s. 

Brink  L.  engineer  C.  &  N.  W.  R.  R;  r  909 
South;  w  s. 

Bristow  W.  J.  pattern  mkr ;  r  1112  River  :  s  s. 

BROCKMAX  FRAXCIS,  Dealer 
in  Cigars  and  Tobacco,  311  East  State 
street;  resides  at  same  number;  born  in 
Hanover,  Germany,  June  24,  1826;  came 
to  St.  Louis  in  1844;  resided  there  until 
1848,  then  went  to  Chicago,  where  he  re- 
mained one  year,  returned  to  St.  Louis  for 
a  few  months,  then  went  to  Peoria,  where 
he  resided  lyi  years ;  early  in  1857,  he 
came  to  Rockford ;  married  Louisa  G. 
Schlink,  Oct.  24,  1852;  she  was  born  in 
Baltimore,  Aug.  13,  1832;  they  have  four 
children,  Frances  L.  (now  Mrs.  Alfred 
Haime),  Matilda  M.,  Emma  L,  and  Geo. 
Franklin;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Brockman  are 
Catholics. 

BROCKMAX  .JOSEPH,  Furniture 
Dealer,  122  South  Main  street.  West  Side; 
boards  at  Hardy's  Hotel ;  born  in  Clavton 
Tp.,  Clayton  Co.,  Iowa,  April  26,  1849 ; 
came  to  Rockford  May  26,  1867;  member 
of  Turner  Society,  and  Forest  City  Lodge, 
No.  12,  A.  O.  U.  W.;  Mr.  B.  has  beem  en- 
gaged in  the  furniture  business  for  him- 
self six  years,  having  previously  served 
apprenticeship  several  years  manufactur- 
ing; he  always  keeps  a  full  and  complete 
stock  of  furniture  of  every  description, 
which  he  will  sell  at  lowest  prices. 

Brockway  Fred.  H.  r  606  Seminary;  e  s. 

RROCKWAY  WM.  Manufacturer 
and  Dealer  in  Boots  and  Shoes,  330  East 
State  street;  residence  606  East  Seminary 
street ;  born  in  Chazy,  Clinton  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Sept.  5,  1832;  came  to  Rockford  in  1858; 


466 


WINISTEBAGK)    COUNTY   DIKECTORY: 


married  Ruth  Chapman ;  she  was  born  in 
Troj',  N.  Y. ;  they  have  three  children, 
Louisa  L.,  Fred.  H.,  and  Florence  M. 

Brockway  Wm.  H.  r  606  Seminary;  e  s. 

Broeffle  H.  barber,  cor  W.  State  and  Main ; 
r  913  N.  Court. 

Brogunier  U.  D.  carp;  rl069W.  State. 

Brolin  I.C.  emp  N.C.Tliompson ;  r  505  S.  1st. 

Bromley  Sherman,  r  605  S.  Seventh. 

Bronson  A.  V.  r  307  N.  Court. 

Bronson  H.  A.  foreman  Register;  bds  307 
N.  Court. 

Bronson  S.  G.  with  F.  H.  Manny ;  r  525  N. 
Church. 

Brooks  F.  H.  shoemkr:  r  711  N.  Winnebago. 

Brower  J.  W.  r  1006  Montague;  s  s. 

Brownlovv  J.  H.  mechanic;  r  906  S.  West. 

Brownlow  H.  L.  r  1003  S.  West;  s  s. 

Brown  Andrew,  r  907  Second  av. 

Brown  A.  T.  r  607  N.  Winnebago. 

Brown  Benj.  r  738  N.  First;  e  s. 

Brown  C.A.wagon  making;  r  107  S.Main ;  es. 

Brown  C.  E.  r  Whitman  cor  N.  Church. 

Brown  C.  E.  r  603  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

BBOWX  CHAS.   W.  &  €0.   Dry 

Goods  Merchants,  Holland  House  Blk. ;  C. 
W.  Brown  resides  533  N.  Church  St.;  l)orn 
in  Brattleljoro,  Vt.,  Nov.  7,  lb40;  came  to 
Rockford  iu  1850;  resided  here  three  years, 
then  returned  to  Vt. ;  was  in  Q.  M.  Dept.  in 
the  army  of  the  Potomac,  one  year  and  a 
half;  in  the  year  1866  he  again  removed 
to  Rockforil,  and  has  continued  to  reside 
here  since  that  time;  married  Elizabeth 
Starr,  Aug.  30, 1867 ;  she  was  born  in  Flor- 
ida, Jan.  5,  1846;  have  two  children,  Me- 
lancthon  S.  born  Sept.  19,  1868;  Elizabeth, 
April  4,  1870. 

Brown  D.  agt  Rockford  Ins  Co;  r  109  N.  3d. 
Brown  David  J.  ins  agt;  r  109  N.  Second. 
Brown  H.  livery  stable;  r  403  S.  Main;  e  s. 
Brown  E.  F.  r  610  Kishwaukee, 
Brown  E.  J.  r  501  S.  First;  e  s. 
Brown  Edw.  W.  r  306  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Brown  F.  T.  r  S.  Eighth,  cor  Eleventh  av. 
Brown  G.  L.  grocer,  533  E.  State ;  r  310  N. 

Four  til ;  e  s. 
Brown  George,  bds  City  Hotel. 
Brown  Geo.  N.  roOl  S.  First:  e  s. 

BRO^VX  GEt>.  W.  Physician  and 
Surgeon,  111  W.  State  st;  residence  807 
Pecatonica  st. ;  born  in  Moria,  Essex  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Oct.  39,  1830 ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
April,  1865;  married  Lorinda  G.  Heath, 
June  1,  1860;  she  was  born  in  Geneva,  N. 
Y.,  April  33,  1830;  iu  1847  the  Doctor 
established  the  Conneautville,  Penn.,  C«?<- 
^^er;  conducted  it  until  the  fall  of  1854; 
then  transterred  it  to  two  of  his  appren- 
tices, A.  J.  Mason  and  Daniel  Sinclair ;  in 


1854  he  removed  to  Lawrence,  Kansas, 
taking  with  him  a  Colony  Association, 
composed  of  about  three  hundred  of  his 
old  friends  and  acquaintances;  at  Law- 
rence he  established  the  Kansas  Herald  of 
Freedom,  the  first  number  of  which  was 
issued  in  Sept.,  1854,  before  leaving  Penn. ; 
the  second  number  was  issued  from  his 
office  in  Lawrence,  in  Jan.,  1855,  where  he 
had  removed  his  power  press,  type,  fix- 
tures, etc. ;  it  was  the  first  free  state  paper 
established  in  Kansas,  and  did  good  service 
in  the  cause  of  freedom  until  1860,  after 
the  admission  of  Kansas  as  a  free  state ; 
this  paper  obtained  a  circulation  of  over 
8,000,  which  was  unprecedented  in  local 
journalism;  after  the  admission  of  Kansas 
as  a  free  state,  the  Dr.,  deeming  his  labor 
as  a  journalist  ended,  disposed  of  his  pa- 
per and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law,  at 
Paola,  Kansas,  having  been  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  Penn.  in  1846;  he  commenced 
reading  law  in  1843,  under  the  tutelage  of 
Joshua  R.  Giddings;  continued  his  law 
practice  until  he  came  to  Rockford,  in 
1865 ;  then  he  turned  his  attention  to  med- 
icine; he  is  a  graduate  of  the  Eclectic 
Medical  Collegeof  Penn.,  at  Philadelphia; 
he  is  giving  his  attention  principally  to 
the  manufacture  and  introduction  into  use 
of  "Electro  Vapor  and  Medicinal  Bath" 
apparatus,  having  already  introduced  it 
into  all  Western  and  Southern  States ;  his 
apparatus  is  covered  by  patents,  dated  May 
25, 1875,  Feb.  8,  1876,  and  Dec.  36,  1876. 

Brown  G.  W.  moulder;  r  908  S.  Church ;  s  s. 
Brown  Rev.  Hope,  r  308  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Brown  Harry  W.  r  403  S.  Main ;  e  s. 
Brown  H.  treas.  Forest  City  ins  co,  and  vice 

pres  Rockford  nat'l  bank;  r  Beloit  rd,  4th 

house  n  of  bridge,  N.  Second ;  e.  s. 
Brown  Jas.  J.  painter ;  r  606  Montague. 
Brown  Jno.  A.  moulder:  r  901  Fourth  av. 
Brown  Jno.  gardener;  r  916  N.  Court;  w  s. 
Brown  Jno.  insurance  agt ;  r  310  N.  4th ;  e  s. 
Brown  Jno.  painter;  r  813  N.  Second. 
Brown  Jno.  R.  fish ;  r  1104  Elm ;  w  s. 
Brown  Richard,  r  306  S.  Third. 
Brown  Roger,  shoemaker;  314  W.  State ;r 

813  N.  Second. 
Brown  S.  S.  milkman;  r  119  N.  Church. 
Brown  T.  H.  r  701  W.  State. 
Brown  Wm.T.  asst  cash  Rockford  natl  l)ank  ; 

r  5tli  house  n  of  bridge,  Beloit  rd. 

BROWK  HON.  WM.  Circuit 
Judge  13th  Judicial  District ;  office  Rock- 
ford National  Bank;  residence  306  S. 
Third;  East  Side;  born  in  Cumberland 
Co.,  England,  June  1,  1819;  came  to  N.  Y. 
State  in  1837 ;  resided  in  Oneida  Co.  most 
of  the  time  until  the  fall  of  1845,  when  he 
came  to  Rockford,  where  he  has  ever  since 
resided ;  in  1847  he  was  elected  Justice  of 
the  Peace ;  held  that  office  about  6  years ; 


MAYOR  OF  ROCKFO'PD 


ROCKFORD    CITY. 


469 


elected  State's  Attorue.y  for  what  was  then 
known  as  tlie  14th  Circuit,  in  1852;  served 
in  tiiat  position  4  j^ears;  in  1857,  was  elect- 
ed Mayor  oi'  Rockford ;  was  Village  Trus- 
tee before  city  organization;  was  member 
of  the  State  Legislature  in  1864  and  1865; 
for  about  6  years  the  Judge  was  Master  in 
(;iiancery,  and  in  1870  was  elected  Circuit 
Jutlge,  which  ottice  he  now  holds. 

Brumbaugh  Chas.  r  1010  Second  av ;  e  s. 

Brumbaugh  S.  A.  trav  agt;  r  1010  2d  av;  e  s. 

BruHnc  S.  emp  N.  C.  Thompson ;  r  507  S.  1st. 

Bruner  M.  traveling  agt;  bds  513  N.  Church. 

Bryant  Chas.  O.  salesman ;  r  521  N.  Church. 

Bryan  Wm.  P.  carpenter;  r  1502  Charles. 

Bubser  A.  carriage  maker;  r  703  N.  Ist;  es. 

Bubser  L. press-feeder  Gazette;  r  703  N.lst ;  e  s. 

Bubser  C.  emp  O.  Chaney  &  Son ;  r  703  N.  1st. 

BU€HAXA:sr  THOMAIS,  Foreman 
Foundry,  Wm.  A.  Knowlton's  Manufac- 
tory; resilience  cor  East  and  Loomis  sts. ; 
born  in  Scotland,  May  15,  1825;  came  to 
Rhode  Island  in  1847 ;  worked  seven  and 
one-half  years  in  fonndrj'-  there  and  in 
1855  came  to  Boone  Co.,  111.,  where  he 
was  engaged  in  farming  one  year;  in  1856 
came  to  Rockford ;  was  with  Emerson  & 
Co.  a  few  months,  then  went  with  Clark  & 
Utter,  and  continued  with  them  until  1858, 
when  he  went  to  California;  was  engaged 
in  mining  about  seven  months,  but  in  1859 
went  to  Downieville,  Sierra  Co.,  Cal.,  and 
carried  on  the  Foundry  business  there  un- 
til 1862;  in  that  year  he  returned  to  Rock- 
ford; was  with  F.  H.  Manny  the  fall  of 
1873,  when  he  took  charge  of  W.  A. 
Knowlton's  Foundry,  where  he  still  re- 
mains; married  Jane  Smith,  July  17, 
1847 ;  she  was  born  in  Scotland,  in  Sept., 
1825 ;  have  one  son,  Tlios.  J.,  born  March 
10,  1856;  lost  three  children;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
B.  are  members  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
church;  Mr.  B.  is  a  member  of  Star  in  the 
East  Lodge  No.  166,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. 

Buchanan  T.  J.  moulder;  r  East  nr Loomis. 

Buchan  A.  S.  carpenter;  r  311  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Buckbee  Chas.  W.  re  s  end  Kishwaukee. 

Buckbee  Theodore  E.  r  s  end  Kishwaukee. 

Buckingham  F.  A.  lab;  r  120  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Bucklaud  John  J.  r  Seminary;  s  of  R.  R. 

BUELL.  HARRY  C.  Surgeon  and 
Dentist,  206  W.  State  St.;  residence,  602 
Horsman  st. ;  the  Doctor  has  the  most 
elegant  dental  rooms  in  this  part  of  the 
state;  the  appointments  are  of  the  most 

•        perfect  description  in  every  respect;    he 
was  born  in   Zanesville,   Ohio ;  came  to 
th=s  Co.  Sept.  15,  1862. 
Buell  J.  M.  real  estate  and  loan  agent  over 

304  W.  State;  r  602  Horsman. 
Buke  "Wm.  r  S.  Winnebago,  s  of  Wall ;  s  s. 

BIJKER  HORACJE:  &  SON,  Watch 
makers  and   Jewelers,  3l0  W.  State  st. ; 


I 


Horace  Bukcr  resides  at  306  N.  Church  st. ; 
he  was  born  in  Minot,  Maine,  Nov.  23, 
1817;  in  1835,  moved  to  Ohio,  near  Mt. 
Vernon;  in  1838,  went  to  Athens,  Ohio, 
where  he  lived  until  removal  to  Pekin, 
111.,  in  1843;  remained  there  until  he  came 
to  Rockford,  in  1855;  married  Helen  N. 
Crosb}',  March  31,  1845;  she  was  born  in 
Attica,  N.  Y.,  and  died  Oct.  3,  1864;  they 
had  three  children,  the  two  living  are: 
John  T.,  born  July  25,  1848,  and  Inez, 
June  2,1856;  lost  one  daughter,  Mary  J., 
born  March  11,  1846;  she  died  Feb.  15, 
1875;  Mr.  Buker  is  a  practical  Watch- 
maker, having  worked  at  the  business 
over  40  years. 

Buker  John  T.  jeweler;  r  306  N.  Court. 

Bunt  Anson  E.  r  1008  E.  State. 

Bunt  George,  carp;  r  206  N.  Fifth. 

Bunt  Lorenzo,  dentist;  r  1008  E.  State. 

Burch  Harry,  carp;  bds  111  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Burdick  David,  r  Corbin  nr  Loomis. 

Burdick  H.  S.  painter  E.  B.  Sackett;  r  513 
E.  State. 

Burdick  Wm.  A.  r  Corbin  nr  Loomis. 

Burk  Frank,  carriagemaker;  r  N.  Water. 

Burk  T.  gasfitter;  bds  cor  Mulberry  and 
Main ;  w  s. 

Burk  Wm.  plumber;  bds  201  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Burkman  Oxle,  bds  901  Fourth  av;  e  s. 

Burlingame  C.  H.  C.  bkpr ;  bds  W.S. Wilkins. 

Burman  J.  employe  watch  factory ;  bds  107 
N.  First ;  e  s. 

Burmaster  L.  machinist;  r509  N.  Third;  e  s. 

BURli^AP  C  iw.  Boston  Furniture 
Works,  Tinker's  Building,  Mainst.,  nearly 
opp  Emerson  &  Co.'s  ottice,  on  water 
power;  makes  a  specialty  of  cylinder 
desks  and  book  cases;  all  kinds  office 
desks  and  furniture  manufactured ;  price 
lists  sent  upon  application;  tilting  up  of 
offices  done  satisfactorily,  and  at  lowest 
prices;  residence,   1104  S.   Winnebago  st. 

Burnes  Jeremiah,  r  717  N.  First;  e  s. 

Burnes  Thomas,  lab;  )•  Knowlton  cor  Court. 

Burns  J.  D.  phys  and  surg;   r  503  W.  State. 

Burns  Joseph,  dry  goods  117  W.  State;  r  110 
Horsman. 

Burns  Peter,  employe  W.  H.  Miller. 

Burns  Rev.  Wm.  H.  pastor  Third  St.  M.  E. 
Church ;  r  607  E.  State. 

Burns  Wm.  N.  elk;  r  110  Horsman. 

Burnett  J.  H.  engineer ;  r  308  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Burnham  A.  H.  painter;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Burnham  M.  R.  painter ;  r  712  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Burnside  J.L.  salsmn ;  bds  612  Mulberry ;  w  s. 

BURPEE  A.  €.  Furniture  Dealer  and 
Undertaker,  110  W.  State  st. ;  residence, 
713  W.  State,  cor.  Horsman ;  born  in  Lima, 
Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  10,  1822; 
lived  there  until  1853,  when  he  moved  lo 


25  j^ 


470 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


LeRoy,  N.  Y.,  where  he  remained  until 
1856,  when  he  removed  to  Rockford ;  he 
has  been  engaged  in  the  furniture  busi- 
ness over  40  years;  he  is  now  and  has 
been  City  Undertaker  for  15  years ;  mar- 
ried Harriet  M.  Baldwin,  daughter  of 
Gordon  Baldwin,  of  Riga,  Monroe  Co., 
N.  Y.,  May  3,  1854;  she  was  born  Oct., 
1823 ;  they  have  five  children,  Mary  Louise, 
Harry  B.,  Hermon  N.,  Florence  E.  and 
Homer  Stanton. 

Burritt  G.  A.  r  507  N.  Winnebago ;  w  s. 

Burritt  Rufus  H.  r  817  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Burrows  F.  cigarmaker;  bds  White's  Hotel. 

Burroughs]Sr.C.confectionery,etc.  ;r  210  N.  3d. 

BURSOl!^  WM,  W.  Of  the  firm  of 
Burson  &  Nelson,  Proprietors  of  Rock- 
ford  Knittmg  Works,  on  water  power; 
residence  1110  Montague  st. ;  born  near 
Utica,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  22,  1832 ; 
came  to  McDonough  Co., 111., in  1842;  lived 
there  1  year,  15  years  in  Fulton  Co.,  111., 
2  years  at  Yates  City,  Knox  Co. ;  came  to 
Rockford  in  January,  1863;  he  was  the 
first  to  invent  a  practical  "Grain  Binder," 
which  gave  satistaction  and  was  continued 
in  use ;  he,  with  John  Nelson,  his  present 
partner,  perfected  the  first  knitting 
machine  which  would  finish  hose  without 
hand  work;  Mr.  Burson  married  Emily 
S.  Wilson,  Oct.  5,  1856;  she  was  born  in 
N.  J.;  they  have  three  children  living, 
Florence  Adelle,  born  March  8,  1858;  Wil- 
son W.,  May  24,  1864;  and  Ernest  E., 
June  4,  1867;  lost  three,  who  died  in 
infancy. 

Burton  Edward,  r  815  Benton ;  e  s. 

Buske  Albert,  tanner ;  r  902  Rockton  av. 

Butler  Jas.  lab ;  room  over  302  W.  State. 

Butler  Jas.  bds  506  W.  State. 

BUTLER  REV.  THADDEUS 
JOSEPH,  D.  !>.,  Pastor  of  St.  Mary's 
Catholic  Church;  residence  408  Rock  st., 
East  Side;  born  in  Limerick,  Ireland;  he 
was  educated  at  the  Ecclesiastical  Semin- 
ary of  Dublin,  and  at  the  celebrated  Col- 
lege of  Propaganda,  Rome ;  the  degree  of 
Doctor  of  Divinity  was  conferred  in  the 
city  ot  Rome,  in  1856 ;  when  he  came  to 
this  country  he  was  for  a  time  First  Sec- 
retary to  the  Rt.  Rev.  Bishop  Duggan,  in 
Chicago;  when  the  war  broke  out.  Dr. 
Butler  took  a  decided  stand  in  favor  of 
the  national  cause  and  became  Chaplain 
of  the  Irish  Brigade,and  shared  all  its  dan- 
gers and  privations;  as  a  scholar  and 
thinker,  he  ranks  among  the  most  emi- 
nent of  Europe  and  America ;  as  an  ora- 
tor, he  stands  among  the  first;  in  addition 
to  his  fine  scholarship  and  extended  learn 
ing,  he  is  a  man  of  extraordinary  musical ' 
ability  and  attainments,  while  in  Rome 
being  a  member  of  the  Pope's  choir. 

Butler  T.  M.  circuit  clerk  and  recorder ;   r 
1018  W.  State. 


Butterworth  C.  W.  at  gas  works ;  bds  122  S. 
Second ;  e  s. 

BUTTERWORTH  THOS.  Sole 
owner  of  the  Rockford  Gas  Works ;  resi- 
dence 203  N.  Main  st.,  West  Side;  born  in 
Manchester,  Eng.,  Sept.  6,  1827 ;  came  to 
this  country  Dec.  25,  1848 ;  landed  at  New 
Orleans ;  in  1849  he  located  at  Cincinnati, 
O. ;  engaged  in  the  gas  business  there 
until  he  moved  to  Rockford,  in  1857 ;  mar- 
ried Alice  Winstanley,  Dec.  26,  1846;  she 
was  born  in  Manchester,  Eng. ;  they  have 
seven  children  living;  lost  three. 

Buxton  G.  S.  watches  and  jewelry,  opp 
court-house,  W.  State ;  r  over  509  W.  State. 

Byers  E.  C.  restaurant,  over  213  W.  State ;  r 
506  W.  State. 

Byers  Jno.  carp ;  r  1014  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Byrnes  Pat'k,  lab ;  r  N.,  n  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

C ADMAN  A.   baker;    r  cor  Blake  and 
Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Cahoon  Henry,  r  1009  East;  s  s. 
Calkins  A.  W.  elk;  rooms  810  S.  Main;  s  s. 
Calkins Chas.  B.  r  203  S.  Fourth;  e s. 
Calkins  F.  printer  Gazette  office ;  r  203  S.  4th. 
Calkins M.A.  merchant;  bds 901  S.Main;  s  s. 
Calkins  M.  T.  stove  polish;  bds.  C.  I.  Henry. 
Calkins  W.  L.  employe  tack  factory ;  r  cor 

Morgan  and  River. 
Callahan  Michael,  r  905  Rockton  av. 
Callender  A.  J.  carp ;  r  over  302  E.  State. 
Call  A.Y.farm ;  r  1201  Ferguson,cor  Loomis. 
Call  C.  F.  mechanic ;  r  1205  Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Call  I. R.  farm ;  r  1201  Ferguson,  cor  Loomis. 
Calligan  Andrew,  bds  cor  2d  and  Market. 
Cameron  A.  blacksmith;  r  115-117  S.  First. 
Cameron  Andrew,  r  719  N.  Main;  e  s. 
Campbell  Abel,  r  305  N.  Third. 
Campbell  A.  K.  pumps ;  r  1204  Second  av. 
Campbell  B. F.  carp;  r  505  N.  Third;  e  s. 
Campbell  — ,  constable;  room  over  119  S. 

Main ;  w  s. 
Cammann  F.  W.  elk;  r  517  N.  Church. 
Cantine  Rev.  R.  S.  pastor  S.  R.  M.E.  Church ; 

r  1014  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 
Carleton  I.  r  1302  E.  State. 
Carlin  John,  lab;  r  i-ear  308  N.  Avon. 
Carlin  Patrick,  r  rear  308  N.  Avon. 
Carlin  Thos.  lab;  r  rear  308  N.  Avon. 
Carlin  Wm.  lab;  r  rear  308  N.  Avon. 
Carlson  Ludwick,  hib;  r  607  S.  Fifth. 
Carlson  Wickture,  r  904  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 
Carlson  C.  G.  r  S.  Fifth,  n  Gregory. 
Carlson  A.  r  508  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Carmichael  J.  elk;  r  810  First  av. 
Carney  Peter,  fireman ;  r  704  Maple. 
Carpenter  D.  H.  r  404  N.  Winnebago ;  w  s. 


ROOKFOBD   OITT. 


471 


Carpenter  Eben.  carp ;  805  Cunningham ;  s  s. 
Carpenter  E.  C.  cabinet  mkr ;  r  S.  Ninth ;  W  A. 
Carpenter  H.  W.  r  204  W.  State. 
Carpenter  J.  C.  employe  Graham  &  Co. ;  r 

1104  S.  Main;  s  s. 
Carpenter  Monroe,  carp ;  r  50G  Catlin. 

CARPENTER      lirRRAY     M. 

Dealer  in  Boots  and  Shoes,  Rubber  Cloth- 
ing, Belting,  Hose,  Packing.  Tubing,  and 
Enameled  Carriage  and  Table  Cloths,  204 
W.  State  St.;  residence  cor.  Church  and 
Park  sts. ;  born  in  Phwnix,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  7, 
1847 ;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Clinton 
Junction,  Wis.,  in  1856;  lived  thereuntil 

1866,  when  they  went  to  Saugatuck,  Alle- 
gan Co.,  Mich.,   and  resided  there  until 

1867,  when  he  came  to  Ilockford ;  he  has 
been  engaged  in  present  business  since 
March,  1871 ;  married  Lena  Cammann, 
March  2,  1875 ;  she  was  born  in  Rockford ; 
she  is  an  Episcopalian;  Mr.  Carpenter  is 
a  Baptist. 

Carpenter  R.  cabinet-maker ;  S.  Ninth ;  W.  A. 
Carratt  Henry,  r  724  North ;  e  s. 
Carratt  James,  lab;  r  601  Longwood;  e  s. 
Carratt  Thos.  gardener ;  r  601  Longwood ;  e  s. 
Carrico  Frank  K.  r  907  Pecatonica. 
Carrico  T.  W.  r.  907  Pecatonica. 
Carroll  Patrick,  lab;  r  1101  Fifth  av. 
Carr  Frank,  lab ;  r  near  foot  bridge. 
Carson  James  H.  r  cor  Blake  and  Corbin. 
Carter  John  M.  r  1001  Corbin ;  s  s. 
Carter  Linn,  r  909  Crosby;  e  s. 
Carier  W.  M.  employe  N.  C.  Thompson;  r 

1001  Corbin. 
Carter  Wm.  r  1001  Corbin. 
Cary  Julius,  r  1204  Montague  ;'.w  s. 
Case  Wilson  C.  carp ;  bds  City  Hotel. 
Cash  Frank,  lab ;  r  504  Longwood. 
Castner  David,  machinist ;  r  409  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Castner  Theodoi-e,  r  409  S.  Main;  w  s. 
Catlin  Dr.  A.  M.  physician;  r  401  Gregory. 
Catlin  F.  H.  grocer;  r  911  First  av;  e  s. 
Caulfield  Timothy,  lab;  r  818  Benton;  e  s. 
Caulquist  John  A.  employe  Johnson  &  Min- 

zinger;  r  111  S.  Main;  e  s. 
Cavanaugh  Chas.  blacksmith;  r806  Fifth  av. 
Cavanaugh  John,  soap  maker ;  r  806  Fifth  av. 
Cavanaugh  Matthew,  lab;  r  917  Pecatonica. 
Cavanaugh  Wm.  blacksmith ;  r  806  Fifth  av. 
Cavel  Walter,  elk;  r  209  S.  West;  w  s. 
Chadwick  Reuben,  carp ;  r  305  Court ;  e  s. 
Chad  wick  Willis,  r  805  Court;  e  s. 
Challander  R.  J.  bds  408  Kishwaukee;  e  s. 
Chalmers  Robt.  r  912  Rock;  s  s. 
Chalmers  Wm.  bolt-maker;  r  201  Kent;  s  s^, 
Chamberlain  A.  A.  employe  J.  B.  Marsh  & 

Co. ;  r  806  Crosby. 


Chamberlin  Chas.  r  104  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Chamberlin  Fred,  r  106  S.  Eighth;  e 8. 

Chamberlin  G.  r  912  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Chamberlin  W.  A.  farm ;  r  106  S.  Eighth ;  e  s. 

Chamberlin  Wallace,  r  106  S.  Eighth;  e  s. 

Chambers  E.  driver ;  r  Rockton  av. 

Chambers  M.emp  Lawshee ;  r  704  Rockton  av. 

Champ  E.  machinist;  r  708  N.  First;  e  s. 

Champ  Fred,  moulder ;  r  70S  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Champ  Geo.  moulder ;  r  708  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Chandler  Clarence,  r  610  S.  Sixth. 

Chandler  C.  R.  trav  agt;  r  714  Elm. 

Chandler  D.  C.  merchant  police;  r  309  N. 
Third;  es. 

Chandler  E.  C.  r  611  East. 

Chandler  E.D.  Bible  publisher;  bds  302  S. 
First;  e  s. 

Chandler  Rev.  E.  K.  pastor  State  street  Bap- 
tist Church ;  r  1308  E.  State. 

Chandler  Henry  C.  r  714  Elm. 

Chandler  Isaac,  painter ;  r  Wall,  n  S.  Main. 

CHANEY  OSRORN,  Lumber  Deal- 
er; yard  corner  First  avenue  and  Kish- 
waukee street ;  residence  203  North  Sec- 
ond street;  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  Va., 
March  31,  1818;  was  a  resident  of  Green 
Co.,  Ohio,  four  years,  and  came  to  Bureau 
Co.,  111.,  in  July,  1835;  remained  there  six 
months,  and  in  December,  1835,  went  to 
Galena,  where  he  resided  eighteen  months, 
when  he  returned  to  Bureau  Co.,  and  staid 
six  months  longer,  at  which  time  he  re- 
moved to  what  is  now  White  Rock  Tp., 
Ogle  Co.,  in  1838;  engaged  in  farming 
there,  and  continued  at  that  business  until 
he  removed  to  Rockford,  in  August,  1864; 
during  his  residence  in  White  Rock  Tp. 
he  was  for  four  years  Constable,  Justice  of 
the  Peace  four  years.  Assessor  eight  years. 
Supervisor  two  or  three  terms,  and  School 
Director  almost  continuously  during  his 
residence  there;  married  Amanda  Rice, 
March  16,  1843 ;  she  was  born  in  Ellicott- 
ville,  Cattariiusrus  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  24, 
1820;  they  have  seven  children,  all  born 
in  Ogle  Co.,  Louise  A..  Edward  O.,  Alice 
A.,  Mary  E.,  George  W.,  Morris  J.,  and 
Harry  E. ;  lost  one  daughter,  Harriet  E., 
who  died  July  17, 1862,  aged  8  years  and  3 
months. 

Chaney  Ralph,  r  907  Third  av. 

Chancy  S.  L.  book-keeper ;  bds  907  Third  av. 

Chaney  R. general  insurance  agent;  r  205  N. 
Second ;  e  s. 

Chaney  S.  P.  grocer;  r  122  S.  Second. 

Chapin  E.  watchmaker;  bds  Am'n  House. 

Chapman  B.  C.  watchmkr ;  r  401  S.Main ;  e  s. 

Chapman  Geo.  r  206  Kent;  s  s. 

Chapman  Wm.  C.  bds  507  E.  Semiuaiy ;  e  s. 

Charlton  G.  W.  painter;  r  917  Crosby;  e  s. 

Charlton  J.  G.  switchman ;  b4s  O.  Monroe. 


472 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIRECTORY*. 


Charlton  Thomas,  tailor ;  r  917  Crosby ;  e  s. 
Charlton  Thomas,  r  917  Crosby;  e  s. 
Chase  Chas.  B.  photographer;  bds  Holland 

House. 
Chatelain  E.  watchmkr;  bds  202  N.  2d;  e  s. 
Checkfield  Geo.  peddler  for  Myers  &  Lowis. 
Cheney  Frank  A.  restaurant,  506  W.  State. 
Cheney  Franklin,  r  308  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Cheney  Geo.  B.  bds  Hardy's  Hotel. 
Chick  James,  carp ;  r  105  S.  Eighth ;  e  s. 

CHICK  JOH^f  G.  Proprietor  of  the 
Lower  Flouring  Mill,  on  water  power, 
East  Side,  formerly  known  as  the  Bartlett 
Mill ;  residence  407  South  Church  street ; 
born  in  England,  Nov.  13,  1833;  came  to 
N.  Y.  State  m  1850 ;  went  to  Canada  in 
1851,  and  removed  to  Rockford  in  April, 
1854. 

Childs  Martin  L.  employe  Childs  &  Mer- 
rick; bds  113  N.  Winnebago;  w  s. 

Childs  E.  B.  r  113  K.  Winnebago. 

Chinquist  Chas.  tailor ;  r  509  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Chisholm  John,  cigars,  etc. ;  r  416  S.  Main. 

Christianson  Claus,  elk ;  r  505  S.  Fifth. 

Christianson  Chas.  lab ;  r  508  Union ;  e  s. 

Church  A.  L.  bds  1104  S.  Winnebago. 

Church  E.  L.  inventor;  bds  Hardy's  Hotel. 

CHURCH    HOX.    SELDElf    M. 

Capitalist;  residence  on  Sovith  Avon  St., 
corner  Cedar ;  born  in  East  Haddam,  Ct., 
March  4,  1804 ;  his  father  moved  to  Mon- 
roe Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1804 ;  engaged  in  farm- 
ing most  of  the  time  until  1828 ;  taught 
school  in  Cincinnati  Public  School  in 
1828;  one  of  the  first  teachers  of  that  city 
after  establishment  of  the  public  school 
system ;  returned  to  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and 
engaged  in  mercantile  business,  which  he 
continued  until  1835,  when  he  sold  out 
and  came  to  Geneva,  111.,  where  he  re- 
mained one  year,  and  then  moved  to 
'  Rockford,  in  the  fall  of  1836 ;  for  about  a 
year  he  was  engaged  in  getting  out  logs 
and  disposing  of  them  to  the  mill  men ; 
then  he  commenced  to  clerk  for  Germani- 
cus  Kent,  and  continued  with  him  until 
1839;  in  1840,  he  was  appointed  Post- 
Master  ;  having  been  previously  appointed 
County  Clerk",  in  1839;  served  as  P.  M. 
until  1843,  and  continued  as  County  Clerk 
until  1847 ;  in  1847,  he  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Constitutional  Convention ;  in 
1849,  he  was  elected  County  Judge,  and 
held  that  office  continuously  for  two 
terms  of  four  years  each ;  was  member  of 
the  Illinois  General  Assembly  session  of 
1861  and  1862 ;  was  Supervisor  of  Rock- 
ford Tp.  eight  or  ten  years,  serving  during 
the  entire  duration  of  the  rebellion;  mar- 
ried Permelia  Stevens,  in  January,  1831 ; 
she  was  born  in  Mass.;  died  in  August, 
1832;  they  had  one  child,  which  died  in 
infancy;  present  wife  was  Mrs.  Mary 
Preston;  she  was  boru  in  Maiae;   they 


have  one  daughter,  Catherine  M.,  now 
Mrs.  Theo.  A.  Keeler,  of  Bridgeport,  Ct. ; 
Judge  Church  is  President  of  the  Rock- 
ford Insurance  Company. 

Church  Ulysses  F.  r  Avon,  cor  Cedar ;  w  s. 

Churchill  Wm.  L.  r  718  N.  First;  e  s. 

Churchill  Lemuel,  r  409  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Ciegler  J.  cigar  maker;  r  704  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Ciser  Wm.  H.  carp;  r  504  S.  Main. 

Clancey  James,  mechanic;  r  902 Benton;  es. 

Clarke  A.  pleasure  boats ;  r  902  River ;  s  s. 

Clarke  B.  F.  machinist;  r  1211  S.  Main;  s  s. 

CliARKE  HARRISO:Sf,  Watch- 
maker, of  the  firm  of  Clarke  &  Orvis, 
Manufacturing  Jewelers  and  Watch- 
makers, 408  E.  State  st. ;  born  in  Rome, 
Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  30,  1840;  tame  to 
Rocktord  Aug.  24,  1875;  he  resided  in 
Freeport  12  years  before  coming  here; 
married  Nancj^  A.  Richardson,  Jan.  3, 
1865;  she  was  born  in  Ohio,  March  29, 
1844;  they  have  two  children  living,  Clar- 
abelle  and  Caroline  E. ;  lost  two  sons;  Mr. 
Clarke  is  an  Adventist ;  the  firm  of  Clarke 
&  Orvis  do  all  kinds  of  first-class  work, 
repairing,  etc. 

Clarke  Henry,  bookbinder  Gazette  oflice; 
bds  over  513  E.  State. 

CL.ARKE  ORIiAl^DO,  Manufac- 
turer of  Hot  Water  Heating  Apparatus, 
Well  Drilling  Machinery,  etc.;  general 
jobbing  done.  Tinker's  Building,  on  water 
power;  residence  S.  Main  st..  South  Side, 
near  city  limits;  Mr.  Clarke  was  born  in 
Brookfield,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  12,  1822 ;  came  to 
111.  in  1844;  came  to  Rockford,  in  June, 
1847;  established  Iron  Works  here  in 
that  year,  manufacturing  mill  machinery 
and  doing  general  machine  work;  in 
1852,  he  entered  into  partnership  with 
Isaac  Utter,  and  they  continued  together 
until  Oct.,  1876,  when  they  dissolved. 

Clarke  Wm.  carp ;  r  902  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Clark  C.  M.  stereoscopic  views ;  r  408  N.  4th. 

Clark  Cyrus  P.  emp  Brown  &  Pfanstiel ;  r 
S.  Water,  stone  row. 

Clark  H.  G.  notions,  etc.;  r402  N.  First;  e  s. 

Clark  H.  C.  merchant  police  e  s ;  r  503  E 
Seminary. 

Clark  James,  r  503  E.  Seminary. 

Clark  J.  H.  stereoscopic  views;  r  410  N.  4th. 

Clark  J.  L.  hardware;  r  205  N.  Second. 

Clark  Jerome,  bds  306  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Clark  John,  watchmaker. 

Clark  J.  M.  emp  C.  *S;  U. ;  r  over  321  E  State. 

Clark  J.  W.  carp;  bds  Hardy,  rooms  407 
Mulberry. 

Clark  J.  S.  watchmaker;  r  803  Rock;  s  s. 

CliARK    lilJCIUS    &  D.    SEL- 

•  WYIC,  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  office 
302  Oak  St.,  East  Side ;  Lucius  Clark  was 
born  at  Amherst,  Mass.,  June  10,  1813; 


ROOKFORD    CITY. 


473 


came  to  Rockford  in  1845;  married  Julia 
A.  Adams,  of  Hinsdale,  Mass.,  May  26, 
1836;  she  died  June  16,  1861;  two  chil- 
dren now  living,  by  this  marriage.  Dexter 
Selwyn  and  Lucius  Armor;  present  wife 
was  Charlotte  M.  Townsend;  married  in 
Rockford,  April  13,  1864;  they  have  two 
children,  Mabel  and  Eva;  the  Doctor 
graduated  from  Geneva  (jST.  Y.)  Medical 
College,  class  of  1835;  he  is  a  member  of 
the  State  Medical  Society;  has  been  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
Rockford  Female  Seminar}'-  since  its  or- 
ganization until  last  year,  when  he  re- 
signed, and  ills  son,  D.  Selwyn,  was  elected 
to  till  his  place;  the  Doctor  resides  at 
302  S.  Main  st.  East  Side;  D.  Selwyn 
Clark  was  born  in  Chili,  Monroe  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Jan.  10,  1839;  came  to  Rockford  in 
1845;  married  Eva  F.  Townsend,  April 
11,  1872;  she  was  born  in  Springfield, 
Erie  Co.,  Pa.;  they  have  two  children. 
Faith  B.  and  one  infant  son ;  D.  Selwyn  is 
a  graduate  of  the  College  of  Physicians 
aud  Surgeons,  N.  Y.  City,  class  of  1865; 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  served 
as  Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  25th  Regt. 
I.  V.  I.,  and  as  Surgeon  of  the  same  Regt., 
having  passed  the  required  examination 
before  graduation. 

Clark  Norman,  ins.  agt. ;  r  1012+  E.  State. 

Clark  Robert,  lab;  r  502  Kent;  s  s. 

Clark  T.  M.  physician;  r  108  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Clark  Wesley  D.  baker ;  v  710  Elm. 

CLARK  W.  S.  Portrait,  Landscape, 
and  General  Business  Photographer;  stu- 
dio, 121  W.  State  st. ;  residence,  604  Oak 
St. ;  born  in  New  Milford,  this  Co.,  Jan.  1, 
1853;  married  Sarah  E.  Lake;  she  was 
born  in  Rockford. 

Clark  Wm.  A.  lab;  r  714  North  ;  e  s. 

Clark  J.  W.  carp ;  bds  Hardy's. 

Clark  ,  watchmaker;  bds  Kent,  bet  S. 

Church  and  Main. 

Clay  Andrew,  lab ;  r  509  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Clay  J.  trav  agt  N.  C.  Thompson. 

Clayton  Anson,  r  409  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Cleaveland  Eli  T.  hardware ;  r710  Seminary. 

Cleaves  A. H.  watchmaker;  r309  Kiswaukee. 

Cles  Frank,  bds  117  N.  First;  e  s. 

Clirtbrd  John,  elk;  r  1015  W.  State. 

Cliftbrd  M.  groceries  314  E.  State ;  r  same. 

Coakley  S.  G.  cigarmaker ;  r  —  Kishwaukee. 

Coan  Michael,  emp  H.  W.  Price ;  r  same. 

Coburn  S.  G.  boots  and  shoes  320  E.  State ; 
bds  City  Hotel. 

COFFEY  JFRFHIAH  T.  Dealer 
in  Millinery,  Fancy  Dry  Goods,  Hats, 
Caps  and  Notions,  310  E.  State  st. ;  resi- 
dence 110  N.  First  St.;  born  in  England; 
came  to  Manchester,  N.  H.,  in  1853;  re- 
moved to  Rockford  in  1864 ;  has  been  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  business  all  the  time 


since  he  came  here;  his  first  wife  was 
Mary  Ann  Hart ;  she  died  Oct.  14,  1874; 
they  had  four  children ;  two  daughters  are 
still  living;  lost  one  son  and  one  daugh- 
ter; present  wife  was  Eliza  O'Brien; 
they  have  one  child,  a  son ;  Mr.  Cofley  is  a 
member  of  the  Catholic  Church;  his  wife 
is  an  Episcopalian. 

Cogswell  L.  D.  r  301  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Colahau  Michael,  lab;  r  306  Prairie;  e  s. 

Colby  Chas.  A.  r  111  S.  First;  e  s. 

Colby  T.  L  blacksmith,  N.  Main ;  e  s ;  r  403 
N.  Third. 

Colberg  A. C.  blacksmith;  r  1008  6th  av;  es. 

Colbert  John,  lab ;  r  head  of  George. 

Colburn  Wm.  watchmkr ;  bds  202  N.Second . 

Cole  J.  J.  stencil  cutter,  217  E.  State;  r  104 
S.  Fifth. 

COIiE  THOS.  W.  County  Treasurer; 
office  County  Building;  residence  308 
Horsman  st. ;  born  in  N.  Y.  city,  Nov.  9, 
1838;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1840;  married 
Alice  Mentzer;  they  have  two  children. 
Prank  C.  and  Wm.  J. ;  Mr.  Cole  enlisted 
in  Co.  D,  lltli  I.V.L  (three  mouths  regt.), 
April  25,  1861 ;  re-enlisted  July  20,  1862, 

in  Co.  D, I.V.L;   served  three  years; 

lost  right  arm  at  Reseca,  Ga.,May  14,1864; 
he  was  Collector  of  Rockford  Tp.  for  two 
years,  1870  and  1871,  serving  three  terms  as 
County  Treasurer ;  elected  first  in  Novem- 
ber, 1871. 

COIiE  YTM.  J.  Retired  Farmer;  res- 
idence Main  St.,  South  Side,  near  city 
limits;  born  in  Westfield,  Richmond  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  30,  1805 ;  when  17  years  of 
age,  commenced  to  serve  as  carpenter's  ap- 
prentice, in  Bridgetown,  N.  J.,  and  con- 
tinued there  until  21  years  of  age,  when  he 
went  to  N.  Y.  city,  and  remained  there 
until  he  removed  to  Winnebago  Co.,  in 
1839;  he  took  up  a  farm  of  215  acres  in 
what  is  now  Winnebago  Tp.,  on  Sees.  23 
and  14,  his  residence  being  on  Sec.  23;  he 
removed  to  Rockford  in  1849,  and  has 
worked  at  his  trade  and  engaged  in  farm- 
ing pursuits  since ;  married  Mary  Goods- 
man,  Oct.  4,  1830 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. 
city,  Dec.  20,  1809;  they  have  two  chil- 
dren, x\nn  Elizabeth,  now  Mrs.  Geo.  A. 
Hawks,  born  July  18,  1832;  and  Thos  W., 
Nov.  9,  1838. 

Coleman  Chas.  r  532  N.  Chm-ch. 

Coleman  J.  S.  salesman ;  r  508  Pleasant. 

Coligan  Jas.  lab;  r  506  Market. 

Coligan  J.  J.  sewing  machines;  r  793  Win- 
nebago ;  w  s. 

Coller  John  B.  r  605  W.  State. 

Collins  Anthony,  r  410  S.  Court ;  w  s. 

Collins  Chas.  barber,  403  E.  State. 

Collins  D.  watch  factory ;  r  308  Walnut ;  e  s. 

Colson  A.  gardener;  r  718  N.  Church;  w  s, 

Colson  — ,  r  303  S.  Seventh. 


474 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY    DIRECTORY: 


COIiTOHr  AITSTIlf,  Farmer;  resi- 
dence 305  Mulberry  st. ;  born  in  North- 
ampton,,  Hampshire  Co.,  Mass.,  Jan.  30, 
1817 ;  he  is  a  descendent  of  the  sixth  gen- 
eration from  Georije  Colton,  who  came 
from  England  about  tlie  year  1650 ;  after 
serving  a  seven  years'  apprenticeship  with 
the  Massachusetts  Spy,  a  weekly  patriotic 
paper  establislied  before  the  Revolution, 
he  attained  his  majority  and  was  honora- 
bly graduated ;  he  spent  two  years  work- 
ing as  a  journeyman  printer,  in  Worces- 
ter, Mass.,  and  sundry  offices  in  N.  Y. 
city,  among  the  principal  of  which  was 
Harper's  book  establishment;  he  came  to 
Rockford  in  May,  1839 ;  was  for  four  years 
thereafter  engaged  in  farming  pursuits;  in 
1843  he  became  connected  with  the  Wmne- 
bago  Forum,  remaining  at  his  post  as  edi- 
tor and  publisher  about  eleven  years; 
since  his  marriage,  May  29,  1856,  to  Har- 
riet S.  Fowler,  only  daughter  of  Royal  S. 
Fowler,  of  Westfield,  Mass.,  he  has  promi- 
nently identified  himself  with  farming 
pursuits;  he  has  three  sons  and  one 
daughter  livmg:  Albert  L.,  A.  Lincoln, 
Miriam  M.  and  Royal  F. ;  lost  four  infant 
children ;  Mrs.  Colton  is  a  member  of  the 
Second  Congregational  Church. 

Colton  Albert  L.  r  305  Mulberry. 

Colwell  Alfred,  r  409  Catlin. 

Come  Jno.  book  binder;  r  503  E.  State. 

Conaughy  F.  elk ;  bds  803  N.  Winnebago. 

Conaughy  T.  shoemkr ;  r  802  N.  Winnebago. 

Condon  Jno.  watchman ;  r  w  E.  Chestnut. 

Condon  Jno.,  Jr.  r  w  E.  Chestnut. 

Condon  Thos.  lab;  r  701  Wall. 

Congdon  Thos.  machinist;  r  508  N.  2d;  e  s. 

Conick  W.  G.  conductor;  r  114  N.  First;  e  s. 

ConklingE.  K.  bkpr;  r  519  N. Church;  w  s. 

Conkling  H.  M.  elk;  r  519  N.  Church;  w  s. 

Conners  Jas.  lab ;  r  703  S.  Fifth. 

Connors  Jas.  lab;  r  729  IST.  Main;  e  s. 

Connors  Jno.  lab ;  r  1-12  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Connors  Michael,  r  729  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Connors Michael,engineer;  r  1012  Rock;  s  s. 

Connolly  Jas.  r  609  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Connolly  M.  J.  printer;  r  609  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Connolly  Peter,  lab ;  r  609  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Converse  H.  elk;  bds  202  N.  Fourth;  es. 

Conway  Michael,  lab;  r  916  Crosby;  e  s. 

Conway  Patrick,  r  916  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Conyne  G.  W.  machinist;  r  Montague,  n  S. 
Main. 

CookE.  O.  artist;  r  502  N.   Second;  e  s. 

Cook  J.  Frank,  r  610  Cunningham  ;s  s. 

Cook  Jos.  lab;  r  Knowlton,  bet  Main  and 
Church ;  s  s. 

Cook  Nathan  H.  r  1203  Charles ;  e  s. 

COOK  REUBEN,  Carpenter,  Con- 
tractor and  Builder,  cor.  Court  find  Greeo 


sts. ;  residence  610  Cunningham  st. ;  South 
Side;  born  in  Provincetown,  Mass.  Oct. 
10, 1833;  came  to  Rockford- in  Oct.,  1867; 
married  Sarah  A.  Flanders,  in  Boston, 
May  4,  1856;  she  was  born  in  Gilmanton, 
N.  H.,  June  23,  1837 ;  they  have  four  chil- 
dren, Frank  J.,  born  Aug.  11,  1857;  Wm. 
H.,  Jan.  28,  1859 ;  Ada  Florentina,  May  7, 
1854;  Nellie  F.,  Feb.  11,  1866;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Cook  are  members  of  the  South 
Rockford  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

COOK   MRS.  C.  A.  Alil^IS,  Prin 

cipal  of  AUis'  Commercial  College  and 
Institute  of  Penmanship,  Andrus'  Build- 
ing, 323  and  325  West  State  st. ;  this  col- 
lege was  established  in  1866,  and  is  largely 
patronized  by  those  desiring  a  thorough 
business  education ;  she  was  born  in  Choi- 
ester,  Vt. ;  came  to  Rockford  from  Pa., 
in  1866;  Mrs.  Cook's  husband,  Jas.  H. 
Cook,  was  engaged  in  the  lumber  business 
for  several  years ;  he  is  now  President  of 
the  Commercial  College;  thej' were  mar- 
ried Oct.  8,  1875;  he  was  born  in  New 
Marble,  Berkshire  Co.,  Mass.;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Cook  are  members  of  the  Second 
Congregational  Church. 

Cook  J.  H.  proD.  AUis'  commercial  college, 
over  325  W.  State. 

Cook  S.  blacksmith ;  bds  407  S.  Wmnebago. 

Cook  W.  insagt;  bds  1202  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Cook  Wm.  H.  elk;  r  610  Cunningham. 

Cooling  T.  blacksmith;  r  407  Morgan;  s  s. 

Coombes  John  B.  r  902  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Coonradt  A.  elk ;  bds  308  N.  First. 

Coonradt  D.  r  rear  507  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Coonradt  D.  S.  mechanic;  r  509 >^  E.  Semi- 
nary ;  e  s. 

Coonradt  Israel,  r  1010  S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Coonradt  Levi  C.  carp;  r  510  E.  Seminary. 

Coonradt  P.  A.  r  308  N.  First;  e  s. 

Cooper  David  T.  r  114  N.  Winnebago ;  w  8. 

Cooper  J.  J.  barber,  403  E.  State ;  r  306  S. 
First ;  e  s. 

COOP  JOHX  O.  Machinist  with  Em- 
erson, Talcott  &  Co. ;  resides  at  809  Rock 
St.;  born  in  Oldham,  Lancashire  Co.,  Eng., 
Jan.  14,  1839;  came  to  Rockford  in  April, 
1868;  he  has  worked  at  machiner}^  busi- 
ness since  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age; 
his  special  work  now  is  Iron  Pattern 
Work ;  he  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal 
Church ;  he  is  also  a  member  of  the  E.  F. 
W.,  Ellis  Lodge  No.  633  A.  F.  and  A.  M., 
and  Winnebago  Chapter,  No.  24. 

Cope  Warren  F.  lab ;  r  804  Horsman ;  w  s. 

Cope ,  r  W.  State,  near  limits. 

Copeland  J.  ins  agt;  bds  907  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Copeland  G.  law  student ;  r  907  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Coppins  E.  C.  miller;  bds  605  Longwood. 

Coppins  Wm.  J.  r  605  Longwood ;  e  s. 

Corcoran  B.  boots  and  shoes,  421  E.  State;  r 
North  Church. 


ROCKI*"ORD    CITt. 


415 


Corcoran  John,  lab;  r  North,  e  of  Summit. 
Corcoran  James,  lab ;  r  908  Crosby. 
Corcoran  Patrick,  lab:  r706  N.  Main;  e  s. 
Cordingley  J.  T.  lab;  r  1109  S.  Churcli;  s  s. 
Cormack  David,  engineer;  r  408  S.  West. 
Cormack  G.  H.  oat-meal ;  bds  White's  Hotel. 
Cornelius  James,  cigar  maker;   bds  Forest 

City  House. 
Cornelius  S.  A.  cigar  maker;  bds  Forest  City 

House. 
Cornell  Morton,  r  705  Elm. 
Cosper  Elias,  Secy  and  Treas  Rockford  Tack 

Co ;  r  6th  house  n  of  bridge,  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Cosper  H.  E.  elk;  r  1034  Mulberry;  w  s. 
Costello  Thomas,  lab;  r  911  South. 

COTrOJC  HORACE  W.  Druggist, 
413  E.  State  st. ;  boards  at  203  N.  Second 
St. ;  born  in  Taylor,  Cortland  ,C().,  N.  Y., 
Oct.  31,  1843;  came  to  Rockford  in  July, 
1873;  married  Nannie  Brunton,  Nov.  13, 
1867 ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio ;  they  have  one 
child,  Charles  W.,  born  March  27,  1871; 
Mr.  Cotton  served  three  years  in  Co.  B, 
76th  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  was  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness, 
but  was  exchanged  about  two  weeks  after 
his  capture;  he  is  a  member  of  Rockford 
Lodge,  No.  103,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. ;  Social 
Lodge,  No.  140,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  and  Reaper 
City  Lodge,  No.  36,  A.  O.  U.  W. 

Cotton  R.  H.  r  531  W.  State. 

Coughtry  Nathan,  r  1317  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 

Covin  Wm.  paper  mkr;  r  1103  East;  s  s. 

Covin  E.  D.  millwright;  r  1103  East;  s  s. 

Cowles  Daniel,  blacksmith;  r  401  East;  e  s. 

Cowles  F.  M.  law  student;  bds  115  N.  lst;es. 

Cowles  James  C.  r  303  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Cox  Henry,  r  603  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 

Cox  James  J.  miller;  r  408  S.  First;  e  s. 

COX  JOSEPH.  Proprietor  of  the  For- 
est City  Flouring  Mill,  on  Water  Power, 
East  Side;  residence  408  S.  First  st.,  East 
Side;  born  in  England,  April  13,  1838; 
came  to  Rockford,  Sept.,  Ib54;  married 
Jane  B.  V.  Jones,  May  5,  1853;  she  was 
born  in  England;  they  have  four  children: 
James  J.,  Tom  G.,  Sarah  A.  and  Louisa. 

Cox  Wm.  r  Lee,  cor  School. 

COY  ROBERT  E.  Of  the  firm  of 
Richardson  &  Coy,  Lumber  Dealers ;  Yard 
and  Office,  4015  Main  st. ;  Mr.  Coy  resides 
at  504  S.  Second  st..  East  Side;  he  was 
born  in  Guilford  Tp.,  this  Co.,  July  10, 
1848 ;  he  is  a  son  of  Wm.  Coy,  now  living 
in  that  township,  and  one  of  the  early  set- 
tlers of  this  Co.,  having  come  to  this  Co. 
May  31,  1845. 

Coyne  John,  lab ;  r  806  Corbin ;  s  s. 

Cozine  H.  B.  machinist;  r  108  N.  Fifth;  e  s. 

Craddick  Michael,  gardener ;  r  708  Horsman. 

Cradick  Patrick ;  lab ;  r  203  Fourth  av. 


Craig  John  W.  r  803  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Craig  Wm.  lab;  r  915  Pecatonica. 
Crail  Chas.  C.  carp ;  r  207  S.  Winnebago. 
Cram  O.  W.  carp ;  r  409  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Crandall  A.    D.   cooper;   r  S.  Eleventh  bet 

Tenth  and  Eleventh  avs;  W.  A. 
Crandall  A.  N.  carp;  r  309  N.  Avon. 
Crandall  Chas.  F.  watchman;  r  out  of  town. 
Crandall  Mrs.  Daniel  r  406  S.  First;  e  s. 
Crandall  Lewis  B.  bds  414  N.  Main;  w  s. 

CRANDALL  OLIVER  A.  Manu- 
facturer  of  all  kinds  of  Cooperage ;  Factory 
on  Water  Power,  rear  of  T.  Derwent  & 
Sons'  mill ;  residence  404  N.  Winnebago 
St. ;  born  in  Penfield,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Dec.  31,  1827;  came  to  Beloit,  Wis.,  in 
1845;  came  to  Rockford  in  1865;  married 
Sarah  F.  Carpenter  at  Rockton,  this  Co., 
Jan.  19,  1847 ;  she  was  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y. ; 
they  have  one  child. 

Cranny  Jno.  cigar  maker ;  r  320  S.  Wyraan. 
Crawford  Henry,  r  303  N.  First ;  w  s. 
Crawford  M.S. carp;  bds  610  Mulberry;  ws. 
Crawford  Peter  S.  r  303  N.  First ;  e  s. 

CRAWFORD    RICHARD  F.  At 

torney  and  Counsellor  at  Law ;  office  339 
E.  State  St.,  over  Thompson's  Bank;  resi- 
dence 710  Benton  st. ;  East  Side. 

Crawford  S.  P.  wii'e  works ;  r  403  Horsman. 

Creagan  Lawrence,  cooper;  r  1309  Third  av. 

Creagin  Mich,  cooper;  r  313  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Creagin  Patrick  r  313  S.  Water ;  e  s. 

Creany  Jno.  W.  carp ;  bds  506  W.  State. 

Creany  M.  A.  carp:  room 407  Mulberry;  w  s. 

Creany  M.  A.  carp ;  bds  506  W.  State. 

Creveling  H.  shoemkr:  r  203  S.  Winnebago. 

Cress  H.  S.  bds  O.  Monroe. 

Crews  Rev.  H.  pastor  M.  E.  church ;  r  309 
S.  Second ;  e  s. 

Crill  A.  stock  yard ;  r403  N.Winnebago;  w  s. 

Crill  Henry,  r  503  Gregory ;  e  s. 

Critzmann  Geo.  r  1005  Horsman. 

CROOK  WM.  T.  Manufacturer  of 
all  kinds  of  Wooden  and  Iron  Pumps, 
and  the  celebrated  Webster  Wind  Mill, 
201  East  State  st. ;  born  in  Ogdensburg,  N. 
Y.,  March  8,  1850;  came  to"  Rockford  in 
Aug.,  1871. 

Cross  Chas.  S.  r  608  Rural ;  e  s. 

Cross  Chas.  H.  r  608  Rural ;  e  s. 

Cross  E.  S.  bds  Holland  House. 

Cross  J.  B.  patent  rights;  r  224  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Crotty  Wm.  saloon ;  413  E.  State ;  r  same. 

Crowell  E.  gardener;  r  1010  Ferguson;  s  s. 

Crowley  Jno.  lab ;  r  503  S.  Wyman. 

Crowley  Thos.  M.  carp ;  r  805  S.  West ;  s  s. 

Cruninger  Frank,  soap  maker ;  r  Sixth. 

Cummings  S.A.  paper  mkr ;  r  605  Montague. 


476 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIEECTOBT: 


Cuaaingham  Barney,  lab ;  r  404  S.  Court. 
Cunningham  H.  lumber;  r  310  Cedar;  w  s. 
Cunningham  Jas.  J.  employe  A.  Vaalnwag- 

eu ;  bds  401  S.  Court ;  w  s. 
Cunningham  Jno.  lab ;  r  404  S.  Court. 
CuQuingham  Thos.,  jr.  r  Rock  cor  Knowlton. 
Currier  A.  H.  clerk ;  r  603  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Currier  C.  J.  clerk;  r  603  N.  Main;  e  s. 
Currier  E.  W.photographs ;  r  603  N.Main ;  e  s. 
Curry  J.  P.  trunk  maker ;  r  403  S.  Fourth. 
Curtis  Edward,  teacher ;  r  606  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Curtis  E.  F.  r  809  N.  Court;  w  s. 
Curtis  Col.Norman,r  714  N.Winnebago ;  ws. 
Curtis  Rev.  Wm.  S.  r  606  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Curtis  T.  Z.  bds  Forest  City  House. 
Cutting  Guy  H.  r  304  N.  Avon. 

DAG  WELL  C.  H.  C.  harness  maker,  425 
W.  State;  r  1007  S.  West;  s  s. 

Dahlquist  Axell,  painter;  r  1013  Sixth  av. 

Dain  Harry,  basket  maker;  r  312  S.Wyman. 

Dale  Wm.  C.  painter;  r  404  S.  Court:  w  s. 

Dales  Ralph  E.  r  901  S.  Winnebago ;  s  s. 

Dales  Wm.  r  901  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 

Dalton  Michael,  lab ;  r  414  S.  Wyman. 

Daltou  Michael,  Jr.  lab;  r  414  S.Wyman. 

DAL,Y^  THOS.  Blacksmith,  403  Elm 
St.,  cor.  Church;  residence  304  S.Winne- 
bago St;  born  in  Ireland,  May  21,  1849; 
came  to  America  in  1851;  came  to  Rock- 
ford  in  1870;  married  Josie  Anderson, 
Aug.  19,  1872 ;  she  was  born  in  Madison, 
N.  J. ;  they  have  two  children,  John  and 
Maggie  J. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dal}-  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Catholic  Church. 

Dame  Jas.  asst.  city  marshal ;  r  806  Peach. 

Damon  Wm.  Henry,  r  1104  Elm ;  w  s. 

Damon  Willard,  rooms . 

Danaher  Thos.  emp  R.R. ;  r  802  Cedar. 

Daniels  W.  A.  carp ;  r  209  Horsman. 

Danielson  Andrew,  r  Seminary,  s  of  R.R. 

Danielson  John,  lab;  r  511  S.  First;  e  s. 

Danielson  J.  H.  paper  maker;  bds  402  S. 
Main;  w  s. 

Darlin  J.  emp  Thos.  Scott ;  r  N.  Water ;  e  s. 

Darling  H.  O.  mason;  r  N.Winnebago,  near 
Whitman. 

Darrington  G.  tailor,  324  W.  State ;  r  same. 

Darroch  Robt.  B.  r  S.  Ninth ;  W.  A. 

Daugherty  Jerry,  r  804  Cedar. 

Daugherty  Wm.  lab ;  r  804  Cedar ;  w  s. 

Davies  I.N.  supt.  Rockford  brush  company; 
r  stone  block,  Cherr}^ 

Davies  W.  R.  brush  mfg;  r  stone  blk,Cherry. 

Davis  A.  F.  bds  over  429  W.  State. 

Davis  Ben.  harnessmkr;  r  1016  W.  State. 

Davis  Edw  H.  r  617  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Davis  Eugene,  bds  504  E.  Seminary. 


Davis  G.  W.  r  906  Kishwaukee. 

DAVIS  HORATIO  A.  Carpenter, 
Contractor  and  Builder,  205' S.  Church  st. ; 
residence  908  N.  Court  st. ;  born  in  Spring- 
field, N.  H.,  July  22,  1831 ;  came  to  Rock- 
ford  Aug.  3,  1855 ;  served  apprenticeship 
at  his  trade  in  Lowell,  Mass.;  first  com- 
menced work  at  his  trade  27  years  ago ; 
married  Katie  Hitchings,  April  10,  1851 ; 
she  was  born  in  Nova  Scotia,  Sept.  17, 
1830;  they  have  five  children,  Clara  E., 
Ellen  M.,  Laura  A.,  Emma  J.  and  Katie 
L. ;  they  have  lost  one  daughter,  Ida  May; 
Mr.  Davis  served  one  year  in  Co.  B.,  146th 
L  V.  I. 

Davis  I.  F.  pr'mlev  Begister ;  r  1110  E.  State. 

Davis  John  H  ;  r  612  Rural ;  e  s. 

DAYTO.N  SIMON  IX.  Physician  and 
Surgeon;  office  122  S.  Main  st.,  West 
Side;  residence  School  st.,  near  city  lim- 
its;] born  in  Hadley,  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y., 
April  29,  1822;  remained  there  until  18 
years  of  age,  when  he  went  to  Boston, 
where  he  attended  school  4  j^ears ;  he  com- 
menced the  practice  of  medicine  at  Sara- 
toga Springs,  in  1850;  in  1857  he  removed 
to  Rockford;  married  Lydia  Houghton, 
about  tliirty  years  ago ;  she  was  also  born 
in  Hadley;  thej-  have  four  sons,  John 
Franklin,  Frederick  C,  Randolph  T.  and 
Thaddeus  Stevens ;  Dr.  Dayton  is  a  son  of 
Telan  and  Lucinda  Fletcher  Dayton,  who 
are  siill  living  at  Hadley  (where  his  father 
was  born),  at  the  advanced  ages  of  82  and 
85  respectivel.y. 

Dayton  Fred  C.  r  304  School. 

Dayton  T.  R.  r  School,  near  limits. 

Day  Chas.  E.  elk;  r  902  Cedar;  w  s. 

Day  Mark,  farmer;  r  W.  State,  near  limits. 

Day  Oscar,  farmer ;  r  W.  State,  city  limits. 

Dean  Walter,  r  810  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Decamp  J.  F.  machinist,  305  S.  Main;  w  s; 
r  906  E.  State. 

Dedrickson  Aug.  musical  instruments,  HI 
W.  State;  r  121  N.  Wyman. 

DeForest  E.  F.  ins  agt;  r  1404  Third  av. 

DeForest  Wm.  H.  carp ;  r  1404  Third  av. 

DeForest  Wm.H.,  Jr.  r  505  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

DeFoe  Edw.  wagonmkr;  r  407  E.  State. 

DeFoe  Fred  S.  r  111  S.  Third. 

Delaney  W.  S.  carp;  bds 308  Walnut;  e  s. 

Deming  A.  C.  r  422  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Deming  Chas.  J.  r  309  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Deming  O.E.  harnessmaker ;  r  309  N.Church. 

Denman  Stephen,  blacksmith  113  S.  Court; 
r  1020  Mulberiy. 

DEJfXETT  CiM:ORG}E  H.  Dealer 
in  Dry  Goods,  410  E.  State  st. ;  residence 
510  N.  First  St.,  East  Side;  born  in 
Rochester,  N.  H.,  May  8,  1827 ;  came  to 
Rockford  in  February,  1855 ;  married  C. 
M.  Kelley,  in  December,  1853;   she  was 


ROCKFORD 


ROCKFOED    CITY. 


479 


born  in  Chichester,  N.  H. ;  Mr.  Dennett 
has  been  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busi- 
ness ever  since  he  came  to  Rocktord. 

Dennis  C.  E.  elk;  r  612  Mulberry. 

Dennis  Frank  F.  grocer;  r  404  S.  Third. 

Dennis  J.  E.  r  306  S.  First;  e  s. 

DEXXIS  \¥.  P.  Retired;  residence 
204  S.  Second  st.,  East  Side;  born  in 
Ipswich.  Essex  Co.,  Mass.,  Aug.  31,  1804; 
came  to  Rockford,  March  12,  1837;  first 
wife  was  Sarah  T.  Brimmer;  married  in 
Salem,  Mass. ;  she  was  born  in  Beverly, 
Mass.,  and  died  December,  1848;  one 
child  by  this  marriage,  deceased;  his 
present  wife  was  Miss  Abbie  M.  Leland ; 
married  Feb.  5,  1850,  at  Stoughtou,  Dane 

.  Co.,  Wis. ;  she  was  born  in  Chester,  Wind- 
sor Co.,  Vt.,  Oct.  13,  1813;  Mr.  Dennis 
was  Sheriff  of  this  Co. 

Denton  Delos  H.  r  S.  Main,  nr  limits;  w  s. 

Denton  Homer,  r  212  X.  Main ;  w  s. 

Dermody  J.  gardener;  r  1408   Charles;  w  s- 

Derstine  David  W.  r  1001  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Derstine  S.  moulder;  r  1001  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Derwent  Edmund,  r  402  S.  First;  e  s. 

Derwent  E.,  jr.,  flour  mill;  r  402  S.  Church. 

Derwent  M.L.watchmkr ;  r  310  S. Church ;  e  s. 

DEB^VEXT  T.  &  SOX,  Dealers  in 
Flour,  ilill  Feed,  etc.,  Manufacturers  of 
Patent  Process  Flour,  "best  in  the  market ;" 
mill  at  the  foot  of  ilace's  Water  Power, 
West  Side. 

Derwent  T.  flour  mill ;  r  310  S.  Church. 

Derwent  T..J.sash,doors,blinds ;  r  312  S. Court. 

DERWEXT  \¥.  E.  (T.  Derwent  & 
Son)  Flouring  Mill  foot  of  Race;  resi- 
dence 310  S.  Church;  born  in  Pecatonica, 
this  Co.,  Dec.  4,  1848. 

Derwent  Wm.  miller;  r  310  S.  Church;  w  s. 

Deuel  John  C.  carp ;  r  1005  Kishwaukee. 

Devenport  W.H.watchmkr;  bds  807  W.State. 

Dever  James,  r  rear  408  Rural ;  e  s. 

Dever  Patrick,  r  rear  408  Rural ;  e  s. 

Devine  J.H.  sash  and  blind  mkr  ;r  1010  River. 

Devine  Wm.  E.  painter;  r  1010  River;  s  s. 

Devlin  Arthur,  employe  Manard  Bros. 

Devlin  Arthur,  r  rear  408  S.  Main ;  e  s. 

Dexter  John,  r  311  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Deyo  Abram,  r  209  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

DICKERMAX      ^VORCESTER 

A.  General  Insurance  Agent,  etc..  Room 
1,  Masonic  Block,  W.  State  st. ;  residence 
411  X.  Main  st. ;  born  in  what  was  Lex- 
ington, now  called  Jewett,  Greene  Co., 
X.  Y.,  Sept.  10,  1820;  came  to  Rockford 
in  Sept.,  1844;  for  several  years  he  was 
engaged  in  mercantile  business  in  partner- 
ship with  G.  A.  Sanford ;  for  a  number  of 
years  in  banking  business;  is  now  and 
has  been  Director  of  Second  National 
Bank    since    its    organization;     he  was 

26 


appointed  the  first  insurance  agent  in 
Rockford;  married  Caroline  M.  Thomas, 
(daughter  of  Dr.  Alden  Thomas,  who  came 
here^in  1839),  Dec.  21,  1847;  they  have 
two  ciiildren,  Harry  \\'.  and  Kate  Eliza; 
Mr.  Dickerman  was  County  Superintend- 
ent of  Schools  two  j'ears  and  Assistant 
Superintendent  two  years;  he  and  his 
wite  are  members  of  the  Second  Congre- 
gational Church ;  he  has  been  one  of  the 
Deacons  of  that  church  nearly  the  entire 
time  since  the  church  was  organized. 

Dickerson  Louis,  bds  124  S.  First;  e  s. 
Dickinson  Fred.  W.  r  Corbin  near  Loomis. 
Dickinson  H.G.machinist;  r  1203  S.West ;  s  s. 
Dickinson  W.  watchman;  rl203  S.West ;.s  s. 
Dickins  Cicero,  lab ;  r  over  330  E.  State. 
Dickman  C.  blacksmith;  r   1005  Rock;  s  s. 
Diggius  Wm.  lab;  r  606  X.  Main;  e  s. 
Diggins  Thos.  lab ;  r  606  X.  Main ;  e  s. 
Dignan  Pat.  teamster;  r  407  S.  Horsman. 
Diilay  Dennis,  janitor  county  jail. 
Dillin  Joseph,  miller;  bds  1016  W.  State. 
Dillon  John,  moulder ;  r  718  X.  Main ;  e  s. 
Dixou  And.  shoemaker;  r  131  S.  Water;  e  s. 
Dixon  Chris,  shoemaker;  r  113  X.  Second. 
Dixon  G.  L.  gun  dealer;  over  301  E.  State; 

r  522  W.  State. 
Dobson  A.  J.  carp ;  r  Whitman  cor  X.  Court. 
Dobson  Henry,  r  Knowlton  bet  S.  Court  and 

Church. 
Dobson  Henry,  jr.,  r  Knowlton  bet.  S.  Court 

and  Church ;  s  s. 
Dobson  Howard  W.  r  306  X.  Avon. 
Dobson  Thos.  r  Peach  near  Avon. 
Dobson  Thos.  lab ;  r  701  Rockton  av. 
Dobson  Thos.  papermkr ;  r  1012  S.  Main ;  s  s. 
Dobson  Wm.  bookkeeper ;  r  308  X.  Avon. 
Dobson  Wm.  stone  cutter :  r  701  Rockton  av. 
Dodge  D.  A.  express  messenger ;  bds  Holland 

House. 
Doig  D.  S.  architect;  r  301  X.  Fourth;  e  s. 
Doly  Chas.  r  805  S.  West;  s  s. 
Donaldson  John,  r  711  Cunningham;  s  s. 
Donley  Wm.  lab ;  r  915  Crosby. 
Donley  Isaiah,  r  915  Crosby;  e  s. 
Donnahoe  John,  lab ;  r  701  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 
Donovan  Dennis,  lab;  r  706  X.  Main;  w  s. 
Downey  Thos.  lab;  r  014  Crosby;  e  s. 
Dow  Daniel,  bds  Holland  House. 
Doolittle  F.  H.  carp ;  r  Xinth  cor  R.  R. ;  e  s. 
Doran  And.  wagon  maker;  r  1106  E.  State 
Dorsett  Peter,  r  1020  Mulberry. 
Doty  J.  B.  r  1115  W.  State. 
Doubler  J.W. H. inventor ;  r  1005  S.Court;  s  s. 
Doughty  John,  r  1002  Crosby ;  e  s. 
Douglas  J.  H.  ins.  agt ;  r  318  N.  Avon. 


480 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIEECTOET: 


Doud  S.  J.  r  506  Ninth ;  e  s. 
Dowling  Jos.  mason;  r  207  Prairie;  e  s. 
Dowling  Wm.  r  1009  S.  Church ;  s  s. 
Downey  Daniel,  r  1113  Ehn ;  w  s. 
Downey  John,  r  1112  Elm;  w  s. 
Downing  J.  A.  cabinet  maker;  r  514  S.Main. 
Doyle  J.  W.  blacksmith ;  r  407  S.Winnebago. 
Doyle  M.  V.  Malleable  Iron  Works ;   r  112 

N.  Winnebago. 
Doyle  Patrick  horseshoeing,  216  S.  Main ;  r 

407  S.  Winnebago. 
Drain  Dan.  salesman,  S.   C.    Withrow ;  bds 

American  House. 
Drain  Duncan,  farmer;   r  414  S.  Court;  w  s. 
Drain  D.  stone  cutter;  bds  White's  Hotel. 
Drew  D.  F.  M.  shoemaker,  110  S.  Main ;  r 

510  Rock. 
Duffy  Jas.  cooper;  r  1009  First  av;  e  s. 
Duffy  Thos.  F.  cooper ;  r  801  Sixth  av. 
Duffy  Thos.  lab ;  r  rear  703  Rockton  av. 
Dummer  Henry,  miller ;  r  904  Montague ;  s  s. 
Duncombe  C.  R.  room  415  Mulberry. 
Dunham  Sam.  J.  cooper,  1008  Maple. 
Dunkle  E.  B.  livery  stable  proprietor. 
Dunmore  J.  H.  r  1007  Sixth  av;  e  s. 
Dunn  E."  C.  prop  museum ;  r  807  W.  State. 
Dunn  Pat'k,  emp  B.  S.  Morse ;  r  same. 
Dunphy  R.E.  carriage  mkr ;  r  303  Horsman. 

DUlSfSHEE    F.    K.   &  "W.   H. 

Grocers,  401  W.  State  st. 

DUI«SHEE  F.  K.  residence  514  N. 
Main  st. ;  West  Side. 

DUKSHEE  W.  H.  residence  514  N. 
Main  St.;  born  in  Rockford,  Oct.  31, 1856; 
he  is  a  member  of  the  Rockford  Rifles, 
3d  Regt.  111.  Nat'l  Guards. 

Durell  D.  J.  mechanic;  r  1308  3d  av;  e  s. 
Durham  Wm.  H.  fruit  and  confectionery,  S. 

Main;  w  s;  r  Third  av,  cor  Tenth. 
Durham  Wm,  r  Third  av,  cor  Tenth. 
Dwight  J.  A.  trav  agt;  r  61^  N.  Main;  w  s. 
Dwire  Jeremiah,  lab;  bds  408  S.Winnebago. 
Dwire  Michael,  lab ;  r  408  S.  Winnebago. 
Dwyer  Dennis,  lab ;  r  802  Horsman. 
Dwyer  Morris,  lab ;  r  401  S.  Horsman. 
Dwyer  Timothy,  lab ;  r  607  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Dwyer  — ,  r  607  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Dyer  Edw.  bds  City  Hotel. 
Dyer  John,  bds  111  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Dyson  J.  supt  woolen  mills;  r  1306  S.  Court. 
Dyson  W.  woolen  mill ;  r  n  w  cor  Napoleon. 

EARLEY  ALBERT  D.  r  106  S.  Second ; 
es. 
Earley  — ,  r  107  S.  Eighth ;  e  s. 
Early  Sidney,  bds  stone  row,  S.  Water ;  e  s. 


Eastman  H.  D.  cashier  American  Express 

Co. ;  bds  303  N.  Winnebago. 

EATOX  CHAS.  B.  Dealer  in  Fancy 
Notions,  Children's  Carriages,  etc.,  121 
W.  State  St. ;  residence  on  Pleasant  St., 
near  W.  State  st. ;  born  in  Detroit.  Mich.; 
came  to  Rockford  in  1860 ;  married  Eliza  J. 
Millis;  they  have  four  children;  Mr. 
Eaton  served  one  year  as  Musician  in  11th 
I.  V.  I.  band,  iluring  the  war  of  the 
rebellion. 

Eaton  C.  W.  teacher;  r  605  Sixth  av;  e  s. 

Eaton  Wm.  cooper ;  r  605  Sixth  av ;  e  s. 

Eavis  Geo.  r  910  Loomis;  s  s. 

Ebert  John  A.  r  507  S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Edie  J.  M.  lab;  r  North,  cor  Prospect;  e  s. 

Edie  J.P.trav  agt;  r  North,  cor  Prospect;  es. 

Edie  R.  A.  B.  lab ;  r  North,cor  Prospect ;  e  s. 

Edmiston  John  H.  trav  agt;  r  second  house 
n  of  bridge,  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Edson  Geo.  A.  r  808  S.  West. 

Edson  Geo.  D.  r  509  Locust. 

Edwards  A.  H.  elk  American  House. 

EDWARDS  E.  C.  Proprietor  Ameri- 
can House,  cor.  Market  and  Main  sts., 
East  Side ;  born  in  Middlebury,  Vt.,  June 
12,  1828;  came  to  Rockford  in  1854;  was 
engaged  in  the  grocery  business  here  21 
years;  first  wife  was  Eliza  M.  Curtis;  she 
was  born  in  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  died 

;  four  children  by  this  marriage ;  one 

deceased,  Lizzie  Jane;  the  living  are,  Jus- 
tus E.,  Albert  H.  and  Wm.  W.;  Mr.  Ed- 
wards present  wife  was  Emily  C.  Rowley ; 
she  was  born  in  Ohio;  they  have  one 
child;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edwards  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Christian  Union  Church. 

EDWARDS  WM.  R.  Carpenter; 
residence  803  Rockton  st. ;  born  in  N.  Y. 
city,  July  15,  1849 ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
1857 ;  married  Mary  E.  Mcintosh  Oct.  7, 
1877 ;  she  was  born  in  Burritt,  this  Co. ; 
Mr.  Edwards  has  been  working  at  his 
present  business  about  ten  years ;  he  is  a 
member  of  the  Court  Street  M.  E.  Church. 

Edwards  W.  W.  r  406  S.  First;  e  s. 
Egan  Thos.  stone  cutter ;  r  407  S.  West. 
Ekback  Alfred,  lab :  r  s  e  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 
Ekblad  C.  r  801  Rural ;  e  s. 
Ekeberg  Jonas,  r  rear  1009  Sixth  av;  es. 
Ekeberg  John,  furnituremkr ;  r  1009  6th  av. 
Ekstein  Adolf,  elk ;  r  708  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 
Ekstein  Jno.  watchmkr ;  r  708  Kishwaukee. 
Eldridge  Hugh,  lab ;  r  over  330  E.  State. 
Elliott  D.  W.  peddler ;  bds  402  Gregory ;  e  s. 
Elliott  John  G.  mechanic ;  r  703  Montague. 
Ellison  J.  A.  watchmkr ;  r  109  N.  First ;  e  s. 
Ellison  J.  P.  saloon,  303  E.  State;  r  108  S. 

Main ;  e  s. 
Ellis  Edw.  F.  W.  r  305  N.  Court ;  w  s. 


EOCKFOKD    CITY. 


481 


Ells  A.  carp ;  bds  513  E.  State. 
Ellsworth  G.  O.  lab;  r  914  Horsman. 
Elmore  D.A.  coal  and  wood ;  r  803  Ferguson. 
Emerson  C.  H.  r  400  Park  cor  N.  Court ;  w  s. 
Emerson  Daniel  L.  r  313  Peach. 
Emerson  E.  P.  machinist;  bds  City  Hotel. 
Emerson  Frank  D.  bds  313  Peach;  w  s. 

EMERSOX   &    CO.  Manufacturers  of 

Reapers  and  Farming  Implements. 
Emerson  Ralph,  r  409  N.  Church ;  w  s. 
Emerson    R.   W.   escutcheon    manufactory, 

water  power;  r  411  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Emerson  Wm.  at  Emerson  &  Co.'s ;  bds  206 

N.  Church. 
Engdahl  John,  lab :  r  606  S.  Sixth. 
Ennett  Geo.  H.  r  119  N.  Second;  s  s. 
Ennett  Thos.  mason,  202  JN.  Main;  r  119  N. 

Second ;  e  s. 

EXOCH     ABRAHAM     I.    of    the 

tirm  of  Briggs  &  Enoch,  Manufacturers 
of  Agricultural  Implements,  on  water 
power;  resides  at  202  N.  Third  st;  East 
Side;  born  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  July  24,  1819; 
came  to  what  is  now  Guilford  Tp.,  this 
Co.,  in  Sept.,  1835 ;  he  was  engaged  in 
farming  pursuits  in  that  Tp.  until  March, 
1867,  when  he  removed  to  Rockford;  elev- 
en months  thereafter  he  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  plows,  and  has  continued 
in  that  business  to  the  present  time;  he 
became  Township  School  Trustee  in  Guil- 
ford, before  he  was  21  years  of  age ;  about 
the  same  time  he  was  elected  Trustee,  he 
was  also  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace; 
served  as  Township  School  Director  or 
District  School  Director,  until  he  was  47 
years  of  age;  received  his  commission  as 
Justice  of  the  Peace  from  Gov.  Ford ;  held 
that  position,  with  the  exception  of  two  or 
three  years,  for  25  consecutive  years ;  he 
was  Assessor  of  the  same  Tp.  two  years 
(1851  and  1852) ;  several  terms  Supervisor ; 
Tp.  Highway  Commissioner  several  years; 
he  is  one  of  the  Corporate  Directors  of 
the  Winnebago  National  Bank ;  also  Cor- 
porate Director  of  the  Forest  City  Ins.  Co.,, 
and  one  of  the  Trustees  of  the  Rockford 
Ins.  Co;  was  member  of  Illinois  State 
Legislature  two  terms;  elected  first  in 
1852;  was  re-elected  in  1864;  was  one  of 
the  first  members  of  the  General  Assembly 
who  voted  for  the  act  which  resulted  in  the 
construction  of  the  first  bridge  across  the 
Mississippi  river  at  Rock  Island ;  he  is  now 
President  of  the  Water  Power  Co.  of  this 
place;  married  Catharine  J.  Davis,  Nov.20, 
1844 ;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  April  28, 
1819;  have  seven  daughters;  Catharine  J. 
now  Mrs.  D.  C.  Putnam ;  Mary  E.,  now  Mrs. 
H.  W.  Carpenter ;  Harriet  A.,  Clara  M.,  Eva 
P.,  Emma  A.,  and  Lowie  A. 

EUOCH  HIRAM  R.  Whose  por- 
trait appears  in  this  work,  was  born  in 
Warren  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  2,  1828;  removed 


with  parents  to  Will  Co.,  111.,  in  1834,  and 
in  1836  came  to  Winnebago  Co.,  where  he 
has  since  lived ;  he  was  educated  at  the 
common  school,  except  one  term  in  the 
Academical  department  of  Beloit  College ; 
his  occupation  was  farming,  until  the  fa'll 
of  1855,  when  he  was  elected  County 
Treasurer  of  Winnebago  Co.,  in  which  * 
capacity  he  served  for  eight  consecutive 
years,  in  the  spring  of  1862  he  went  into 
the  army,  in  Co.  C,  57th  I.  V.  I.,  with  rank 
of  Captain ;  his  regiment  was  assigned  to 
duty  at  Camp  Douglas,  Chicago,  where  he 
acted  in  the  capacity  of  Provost  Marshal ; 
in  the  spring  of  1864,  he  served  in  132d 
rest.  I.  V.  I.  as  Q.  M.,  stationed  at  Padu- 
cah,  Ky. ;  in  1866  he  spent  the  summer  in 
Texas,  as  inspector  of  U.  S.  Customs 
along  the  Rio  Grande;  in  1867  he  became 
connected  with  the  Winnebago  Co.  Chief, 
a  newspaper  published  in  the  city  of  Rock- 
ford; in  1870,  he  purchased  the  paper  and 
changed  its  name  to  the  Rockford  Jour- 
nal, and  has  since  been  its  sole  editor  and 
proprietor ;  it  takes  high  rank  as  an  ably 
edited  paper,  both  in  politics  and  litera- 
ture; Mr.  E.  married  Miss  Adaline  E. 
Sheldon,  of  Belvidere  Tp.,  Feb.  23,  1851 ; 
she  was  a  native  of  Williamsville,  Erie 
Co.,  N.  Y. ;  have  three  children,  Helen 
Lluella,  Harrie  H.,  and  William. 

Erffmeyer  Ernest,  r  S.  Ninth  cor  R.  R. 

Erickson  Alfred,  r  508  Walnut;  e  s. 

Erickson  And.  blacksmith ;  r  foot  park ;  e  s. 

Erickson  C.  J.  glove  maker ;  r  410  Kish- 
waukee;  e  s. 

Erickson  Gusta,  tailor;  r  905  Third  av;  e  s. 

Erickson  Jno.  tinsmith ;  r  over  517  E.  State. 

Erickson  Jonas,  mechanic ;  r  302  S.  2d ;  e  s. 

ERL.AIlfl>ER  &,  JOHlfSOX,  Mer- 
chant Tailors;  Manufacturers  and  Deal- 
ers in  all  kinds  of  Clothing,  Cloths,  Cas- 
simeres,  Vestings,  Gents'  Furnishing 
Goods,  Hats  and  Caps,  322  East  State  st. ; 
John  Erlander  born  in  Sweden,  April  7, 
1826;  came  to  Rockford,  April  15,1855; 
residence  402  S.  Third  st. ;  S.  A  Johnson 
born  in  Sweden,  Nov.  12,  1831;  came  to 
Rockford  in  the  fall  of  1852;  residence 
402  Kishwaukee  st.,  cor  32  av. 

Erlander  Peter,  lab ;  r  507  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Ernst  W.  H.carriage  painter ;  r  S.9th  cor  lllh. 

Ertel  Jos.  butcher ;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Estabrook  J.  O.  moulder;  r  201  Kent;  ss. 

Evans  Geo.  painter ;  606  Chestnut ;  w  s. 

Evans  Henry  B.  r  414  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Evans  R.  B.  blacksmith ;  e  409  S.  Court ;  w  s. 

Evans  Z.  B.  moulder;  r  East;  s  s. 

Everitt  A.G.  telegraph  operator ;  bds  White's 
Hotel. 

Eyre  Wm.  r  E.  State,  near  limits. 

■rpABRICK  L.F.  r  303  S.  Winnebago;  ws. 


482 


VSnCNNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTOEY: 


Fahrney  Henry,  r  606  Cunningham ;  s  s. 
Fairfield  W.  W.  r  1207  E.  State. 
Fanning  Jolin,  lab;  r  801  N.  First;  e  s. 
Farden  J.  employe  Peacock's  brewery ;    bds 

foot  Prairie. 
Faimer  Chester,  agl  imp;  r  610  N.  George. 
Farmer  G.  L.  agl  imp ;  r  1313  S.  Main  ;  s  s. 
Farmer  H.  H.  r  501  N.  Winnebago;   w  s. 

FARMER   STANLEY  E.   Of  the 

tirm  of  Farmer  &  McPherson,  Domestic 
Bakery,  435  W.  State  St.,  cor.  Court;  resi- 
dence 509  Cherry  St.,  cor. Winnebago;  born 
in  Rockton,  this  Co.,  Dec.  20,  1854;  he  is 
a  member  of  the  Rockford  Rifles,  Co.  B., 
3d  Regt.  I.  N.  G. 

Farmer  Thomas,  r  501  N.  Winnebago. 

Farnam  John,  lab;  r  919  Crosby;  e  s. 

Farquhar  W.G.  stone  mason ;  r  605  S.4th ;  e  s. 

Farrell  John,  lab ;  r  407  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Farrell  Miles,  mason;  r  110  Mulberry. 

Farren  John  A.  employe  N.  C.  Thompson ; 
bds  914  N.  Court;  w"s. 

Farrington  E.W.  watchmkr ;  r  613  Elm ;  w  s. 

Farr  Wm.  bds  908  S.  West;  s  s. 

Faulkner  C.  H.  r  305  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Faulkner  Wm.  lab;  r  Market  cor  E.   State. 

Fausner  Adolph,  bds  411  E.  State. 

Faust  John,  r  1106  Fourth  av;  e  s. 

Faust  Gust,  r  1008  Fourth  av. 

Faxon  John,  r  1319  E.  State. 

Fay  Alvan,  r  303  S.  Wmnebago ;  w  s. 

FAY  JESSE  B.  Proprietor  Meat 
Market  800  S.  Main  St.,  South  Side ;  resi- 
dence 606  W.  Second  st.,  East  Side;  born 
in  Dalton,  Coos  Co.,  N.  H.,  March  5, 
1844;  came  to  Rockford  March  19,  1864; 
married  Sarah  A.  Roberts,  Dec.  3,  1873; 
she  was  born  in  England. 

Fay  H.  P.  butcher;  r  1001  Morgan;  s  s. 

Fay  P.  mason ;  r  w  s  N.  Main  n  end ;  e  s. 

Fay  W.  A.  emp  bolt  factory;  r  Prospect;  s  s. 

Fearnside  T.  boots  and  shoes  206  W.  State ; 
r  807  N.  Court. 

Featherfront  John,  moulder. 

FEI.CH  JOHlf,  Proprietor  Livery 
Stal)le  116  N.  Mam  St.,  West  Side;  resi- 
dence 508  Catlin  St.,  East  Rockford ;  born 
in  Topsham,  Orange  Co.,  Vt.,  Aug.  3, 
1825 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  the  summer  of 
1851 ;  for  five  years  previous  to  coming 
here  he  was  agent  for  Frink  Walker's 
Stage  Co.  at  Elgin  and  in  Iowa;  repre- 
sented them  for  two  years  after  he  came 
to  Rockford ;  he  has  been  engaged  in  the 
livery  business  over  20  years;  married 
Josephine  Moore;  she  was  born  at  Zaues- 
ville,  Ohio;  they  have  three  children, 
Alice  M.,  Lizzie  (now  Mrs.  Chester  Butter- 
worth),  and  John,  Jr. 

Fellows  Edward,  r  402  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 


Fellows  J.  T.  carriagemkr ;  r  208  Horsman. 
Felts  E.  O.  trav  agt ;  r  608  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 
Felts  George,  bds  805  Sixth  av;  e  s. 
Penning  T.  mason;  r  1105  Second  av;  e  s. 
Fenton  Jiyman,  r  1101  S.  Court;  s  s. 
Ferguson  Aaron,  r  rear  408  Rural ;  s  s. 
Ferguson  D.at  gas  works  ;r  606  Knowlton  ;s  s. 

FFRGUSOX  ©CXCAX,  Was  born 
in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  in  Nov.,   1810,  and 
during     liis    boyhootl  resided   with    his 
grandfather's  familj%  at  Crietf,  in  Perth- 
shire.    When  about  15  years  of  age,  he 
attended  the  Universiiy  of  Glasgow  for 
two  seasons,  and  then  was  employed  about 
three  years  in  the  Land  Surveys,  and  soon 
tlierealter  was  engaged   in   the  Trigono- 
metrical Survey  of  Great  Britain  for  ten 
years,  during  which  period  he  was  em- 
ployed most  of  the  time  in  Ireland.     In 
1837,  he  left  his  native  country  for  the 
United    States    of     America.       He    first 
located  in  Pennsylvania,  where  he  spent 
two  years  in  the  employ  of  two  railroad 
companies,  as  draughtsman  ofplans,etc.  In 
November,  1839,  he  removed  with  his  fam- 
ily to  Rockford,Winnebago  Co.,  Ills  ,where 
he  resides  at  the  present  time.     In  1840,  he 
was  elected  County  Surveyor  of  Winne- 
bago Co.  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  La 
Prairie  Precinct.    The  office  of    County 
Surveyor  he  filled  till  1856.     In  1862,  he 
was  appointed  Assessor  of  Internal  Reve- 
nue for  the  Second  District  of  Illinois, 
and  held  the  position  for  eight  years,  when 
he  resigned  the  office.     He  has  been  for 
the  past  six  years  Supervisor  of  the  Sev- 
enth Ward  of  the  City  of  Rockford  and 
chairman  of   the    County   Board   of    Su- 
pervisors five  years  of  the  time.     In  April, 
1877,  he  was  elected  Mayor  of  the  city  of 
Rockford,  and  is  the  present  incumbent  of 
that  office.     Has  held,  for  several  years,  the 
offices  of  City  Engineer,  Assessor,  County 
Treasurer,   Clerk  of  the  Board  of  Super- 
visors, and  Drainage  Commissioner ;   also 
Commissioner  of  Winnebago  Co.  for  the 
Improvement  ()f  Rock  River,  under  a  spec- 
ial act  of  the  Legislature  of  the   State  o  f 
Illinois.      In    all    the    various    positions 
named,  Mr.  Ferguson  has  discharged  the 
duties  pertaining   thereto    with   so  much 
ability  and  fidelity,  as  to  meet  the  hearty 
approbation  of  his  constituency.     Married 
Miss  Agnes  M.  Hope,  August  9, 1829.    She 
was  born  in  Armagh,  Ireland.    Had  seven 
children  by  this  union,  William  G.,  John, 
Duncan  H.,  Lillias,   Mary,   Charles  and 
Emma.      Mrs.    Ferguson    died    Feb.   15, 
1862.     Married  second  time  to  Mrs.  Mary 
Speliman,  Sept.  10,  1867. 

FEROUSOX  D.  H.  Real  Estate  and 
Loan  Agent;  buys  and  sells  notes,  bonds, 
and  mortgages,  313  W.  State  and  608  N. 
Church  sts..  West  Side ;  born  in  Scotland, 
Sept.  17,  1838;  came  to  Rockford  in  1839; 
served  three  years  in  the  war  of  the  rebel- 


ROOEyOED   CTTT. 


483 


lion ;  was  Internal  Revenue  Assessor  from 
186(5  to  1870 ;  was  for  several  years  promi- 
nently identified  with  the  banking  busi- 
ness of  Rockford. 

FER«lJSOX  JA:»IES,  Of  the  firm 
of  HoUanil,  Feri,aison  So  Co.;  residence 
006  Horsman;  born  in  Harlem,  this  Co., 
Aug.  20,  1840;  married  Addie  M.  Belknap, 
Oct.  20,  1872;  she  was  born  in  Byron, 
Ogle  Co.,  111.;  they  have  one  daughter, 
Jennie  M.,  born  July  20,  1873;  Mr.  Fer- 
guson is  Assessor  of  the  City  and  Tp.  of 
Rocktord,  serving  second  term. 

Ferguson  J.  A.  machinist;  r-iOl  Kishwaukee. 

Ferguson  S.  wagonmkr;  r  401  Kishwaukee. 

Ferguson  Thomas,  book-keeper  Second  Na- 
tional Bank  ;  bds  304  Chestnut. 

FERGUSON  \VM.  B.  Book-keeper 
for  Graham  &  Co.;  residence  208  S.  Main 
St.,  East  Side;  born  in  Harlem,  this  Co., 
Aug.  23,  1848 ;  married  Clara  Ada  Smith, 
Oct.  15,  1874;  she  was  born  in  Kenosha, 
Wis.,  Sept.  19,  1852;  they  have  one  child, 
May  Gilman,  born  April  9,  1877;  Mr.  F. 
was  for  four  years  boo^-keeper  and  cashier 
for  the  Rockford  Insurance  Co.;  four 
years  book-keeper  in  Second  National 
Bank;  was  treasurer  of  the  Winnebago 
Agricultural  Society  in  1876;  has  been 
with  Graham  &  Co.  since  Nov.,  1876. 

FIDDICK  RICHARD,  Blacksmith, 
402  Elm  St.,  cor.  Church ;  born  in  Simons- 
town,  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  South  Africa, 
Jan.  1,  1856;  at  the  time  of  his  birth  his 
father  was  a  blacksmith  at  that  place,  in 
the  employ  of  the  British  government, 
where  he  remained  17  years,  coming  to 
England  in  1867;  3Ir.  Fiddick  came  to 
Rockford  in  June,  1874. 

Field  J.  W.  r  408  Chestnut ;  w  s. 

Field  M.  D.  r  S.  8th  bet  lOth  and  11th  avs. 

Field  Wm.  carp;  r  S.  8th  bet  10th  and  11th. 

Film  Chas.  employe  A.   M.  Johnston  &  Co. 

Fihn  Lars,  !ab;  r  134  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Fillmore  D.  H.  r  N.  Avon  cor  Peach. 

Fink  J.  W.  haruessmaker  128  S.  Water ;  e  s. 

Finley  Michael,  lab ;  r  204  Davis ;  e  s. 

Finnegan  Magan,  emp  F.  Graham ;  r  same. 

Finnej'  Daniel,  lab ;  r  805  George ;  w  s. 

Finney  Thomas,  lab ;  r  805  George,  w  s. 

Firman  I.  milkman ;  Firman,  from  School, 
near  limits. 

FISH  DARIUS,  Retired;  residence 
305  S.  Winnebago  st. ;  he  is  the  son  of 
Andrew  and  Sarah  Fish,  and  was  born  in 
Easttown,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  30, 
1806:  lived  in  that  Co.  until  1828,  when  he 
removed  to  Napoli,  Cattaraugus  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  where  he  lived  about  five  years;  then 
he  went  to  Darieu,  Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and 
lived  there  five  years;  in  Sept.,  1839,  he 
came  to  Cherry  Valley,  in  this  Co.,  where 
he  resided  on  his  farm  for  about  16  years ; 


22  years  ago  he  came  to  Rockford  to  re- 
side; married  Mary  Brink,  daughter  of 
Jacob  and  Martha  Brink,  Oct.  23,1828; 
she  was  born  in  Alexandria,  Genesee  Co., 
N.  Y.,  March  28.  1812;  Mr.  Fish  has  been 
engaged  in  the  purchase  and  sale  of  horses, 
buying  grain,  etc.,  a  portion  of  the  time 
since  he  came  to  Rockford ;  for  about  two 
years  during  tiie  rebellion,  he  had  charge 
of  stock  with  the  armies  of  Gen.  Pope, 
Gen.  Rosencrans,  etc. 

Fish  Edmund,  blacksmith;  r  214  S.  Church. 

Fish  G.  W.  salesman;  r  214  S.  Church;  w  s. 

Fisher  A.H.  mcht  police,  w  s ;  r  1112  W.  State. 

Fisher  B.  saloon,  122  W.  State;  r  same. 

Fisher  Frank  P.  r  107  S.  West  cor  Elm. 

Fisher  Franz,  elk  B.  Fisher;  r  122  W.  State. 

Fisher  George,  r  Lincoln  av. 

Fisher  Geo.  J.  r  107  S.  West,  cor  Elm. 

FISHER  GEORGE  li.  Of  the  firm 
of  Fisher  &  Wahl,  Proprietors  of  Fisher's 
Brewery,  south  of  city  limits,  and  Pro- 
prietors Saloon  104  W.  State  st. ;  ]Mr.  Fisher 
was  born  in  Germany,  Oct.  14,  1839 ;  came 
to  Rockford  in  1856 ;  has  been  engaged  in 
the  Brewing  business  about  nine  years;  he 
is  a  member  of  Star  in  the  East  Lodge, 
No.  166,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  Turner  Society 
and  German  Singers  Society;  he  married 
Barbara  Wahl,  March  27,  1867 ;  she  was 
born  in  Germany,  Oct.  39,  1846 ;  they  have 
one  child,  Frank,  born  March  7, 1868. 

Fisher  Henry  C.  sexton  W.  S.  cemetery;  r 
Whitman,  near  Court. 

Fisher  L.  G.  tinsmith ;  r  204  Horsman. 

Fisher  W.  H.  bkpr;  r  523  N.  Church. 

Fitch  Benjamin,  r  1104  W.  State. 

Fitch  Rev.  Chester,  r  1104  W.  State. 

Fitch  Henry  A.  r  1104  W.  State. 

FITCH  JOHX,  Retired  Farmer;  resi- 
dence 210  S.  Winnebago  st. ;  born  in  Bald- 
win, Cumberland  Co.,  Me.,  April  18, 1805; 
married  Lucy  L.  Sawtelle,  Dec.  4,  1835,  at 
Groton,  Mass. ;  ceremony  performed  by 
the  Rev.  Charles  Robinson;  Mrs.  Fitch 
was  born  at  Groton,  Mass.,  Aug.  14,  1806; 
they  have  three  children  living:  Luther 
P.,  Wm.  Henry  and  Amelia  E. ;  they  have 
lost  two  children:  Sarah  M.,  died  Sept.  21, 
1845,  aged  7  years;  Joanna,  died  Dec.  23, 
1845,  aged  3  weeks;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  P'itch 
are  members  of  the  Congregational  Church ; 
Mr.  Filch  first  came  to  this  Co.,  to  what  is 
now  Cherry  Valley,  in  Nov.,  1837 ;  in  June, 
1838.  he  removed  to  the  same  place  with 
his  family;  his  farm  being  located  in  Sec. 
1,  Cherry  Vallev  Tp. ;  Sec.  6,  Flora  Tp.; 
Sec.  31,  Guilford  Tp.,  and  Sec.  36,  Belvi- 
dere  Tp. ;  his  house  was  located  on  Sec.  1, 
Cherry  Valley  Tp. ;  he  lived  there  until 
April,  1864,  when  he  removed  to  Rockford, 
where  he  has  since  resided. 

Fitch  J.  B.  salesman ;  r  606  N.  Winnebago. 

Fitch  Julius  C.  r  815  S.  Main;  s  s. 


484 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIREOTOEY: 


Fitch  Sanford  C.  cai'p ;  r  606  N.  Winnebago. 
Fitch  W.  H.  physician  and  surgeon,  303  W. 

State;  1-210  S.  Winnebago;  w  s.  * 

Fitzgerald  J.  pressman;  r  609  JST.  Main;  e  s. 
Fitzgerald  John,  r  609  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Fitzgerald  Thomas,  r  1309  Third  av ;  e  s. 
Fitzgerald  Thomas,  lab;  r  101  River;  s  s. 
Fitzgerald  Wm.  lab ;  r  609  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Fitzpatrick  Wm.  lab;  r  406  S.  Winnebago. 
FitzsimmonsC.H. mason;  r 906 S. Church;  ss. 
Fitzsimmons  James,   employe  R,  R. ;  r  605 

N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Fitzsimmons  J.  mason;  r  906  S.  Church  ;  s  s. 
Flanders  Daniel  B.  r  904  S.  West;  s  s. 
Flanery  H.  tel  opr;  r  504  S.  Fourth;  e  s. 
Flanery  J.  expressman;  r  504  tS.  Fourth;  e  s. 
Flanery  M.  expressman ;  r  504  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Flannery  Michael,  bds  City  Hotel. 
Flannigan  Frank,  lab ;  n  end  Avon. 
Flannigan  Thomas,  r  508  S.  Wyman. 
Fleming  J.  A.  watchmaker ;  r  1017  Mulberry. 
Fleming  Thomas,  r  736  N.  First;  e  s. 

FL.EX]!lfIKE5f    THEODORE   5f. 

Mechanical  Engineer,  with  N.  Thompson ; 
residence  1101  Rock  St.;  born  in  Car- 
michaels,  Greene  Co.,  Penn.,  Aug.  20, 1844; 
came  to  Rockford  in  1869 ;  removed  his 
family  to  this  place  in  1873;  for  six  years 
he  was  engaged  in  millwrighting  and 
manufacture  of  water  wheels ;  has  been 
with  N.  C.  Thompson  since  Dec,  1875; 
•  married  Ruth  E.  Peck,  Dec.  21,  1870;  she 
was  born  in  Coldsburg,  Delaware  Co.,  la. ; 
they  have  two  children:  Maggie  M.,  born 
Aug.  14,  1872,  and  Minnie,  born  Nov.  1, 
1874 ;  Mrs.  F.  is  a  member  of  the  Congre- 
gational Church. 

Fletcher  C.  farmer ;  !S.  Main ;  w  s ;  nr  limits. 
Floberg  Aug.  P.  elk;  r  1020  Sixth  av;  e  s. 
Floberg  Gust,  carp;  r  803  Kishwaukee. 
Flodell  G.  meat  market;  r  905  Third  av. 

FLrYlVX  P."  Collecting  Agent;  Office, 
Room  8,  306  W.  State  st. ;  residence  310  N. 
Main  St. ;  born  in  Ireland,  May  11,  1832; 
came  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1847;  be  was 
for  7  years  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busi- 
ness in  Dunkirk,  N.  Y.,  and  removed  to 
Rockford  in  Feb.,  1859 ;  continued  in  the 
mercantile  business  here  until  the  call  for 
300,000  men  in  1862;  he  enlisted  about 
300  men  in  the  counties  of  Winnebago, 
Boone  and  Stephenson ;  he  was  Captain  of 
Co.  A,  90th  I.  V.  I.,  15th  Army  Corps, 
from  Aug.,  1862,  to  March,  1863,  when  he 
was  promoted  to  Major  of  tlie  90th  Regt. ; 
commanded  that  Regt.  from  March  6, 1863, 
until  he  was  wounded,  the  28th  of  July, 
1864,  at  battle  in  front  of  Atlanta,  Ga. ; 
mustered  out  in  June,  1865;  the  Major 
was  Sherifi"  of  this  Co.  4  years,  from  1868 
to  1872. 


Fogg  Alfred,  elk  White's  Hotel ;  r  same. 
Foley  Patrick,  lab ;  r  Kilbourn. 
Foley  Thomas,  r  cor  Summit  and  Jackson. 
Foley  Wm.  lab;  r  907  Horsman;  w  s. 
Foltz  Benj.  H.  painter;  r  212  S.  Winnebago. 
Foltz  Rev.  Benj.  r  212  S.  Winnebago. 
Fonda  A.  A.  bill  poster ;  r  909  Rock ;  s  s. 
Fonda  Henry  V.  peddler;  r  909  Rock;  s  s. 

FOOTE  CHAS.  E.  Dentist,  325  E. 
State  St. ;  resides  at  802  First  av. ;  born  in 
Janesville,  Wis.,  March  25,  1854;  came  to 
Rockford  Feb.  16,  1877;  has  been  engaged 
in  Dentistry  business  four  years ;  his  father, 
Rev.  Hiram  Foote,  was  born  in  N.  Y.  in 
1808;  came  to  this  Co.  in  Feb.,  1838,  and 
resided  for  a  time  near  Rockford;  was  or- 
dained to  the  Gospel  ministry  Feb.  15, 
1839,  then  preaching  to  the  Congregational 
Church  at  Joliet;  was  married  to  Miss 
Eliza  Maria  Becker,  of  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
she  was  born  in  Cherry  Valley,  Otsego 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  21,  1817;  they  have  six 
children  living:  Albert  E.,  Hiram  W., 
Nettie  C,  Lucius  F.,  Chas.  E.  and  Kittle; 
they  have  lost  two  daughters  and  one  son, 
Horatio  D.,  died  in  Rebel  prison  at  Flor- 
ence, Ga. ;  he  was  in  First  Wisconsin  Cav. 

Foote  Rev.  Hiram,  r  802  First  ave ;  e  s. 

Foote  J.  H.  carriage  trimmer,  1016  N.  Win- 
nebago ;  w  s. 

Foote  Lucius  F.  physician,  over  325  E. 
State ;  r  114  N.  Third ;  w  s. 

Foote  Walter  L.  r  205  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

FORBEi>$    AliEXANDER    ». 

Rockford  Malleable  Iron  Works,  ou  water 
power;  residence  427  N.  Main  st..  West 
Side;  born  in  Perthshire,  Scotland,  Dec. 
13,  1831 ;  came  to  America  in  1842;  came 
to  Rockford  in  March,  1854;  in  the  same 
year  he,  in  patnership  with  his  father, 
Duncan  Forbes,  established  a  foundry  and 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  stoves  and 
machinery  castings;  in  1864  they  estab- 
lished the  first  Malleable  Iron  Works  west 
of  Cincinnati ;  they  continued  the  business 
together  until  his  father  died,  in  1871 ;  Mr. 
A.  D.  Forbes  married  Elizabeth  Olstrum ; 
she  was  born  near  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  they 
have  five  children  living;  have  lost  two; 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  are  members  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church;  he  is  Vice  Presi- 
dent of  the  People's  Savings  Bank. 

Forbes  Alex  Wm.  bds  309  N.  Wyman. 

FORBES  GEO.  R.  General  Super- 
intendent Rockford  Malleable  Ironworks ; 
residence  421  N.  Main  st. ;  born  in  Scot- 
land; came  to  Rockford  in  1854;  has  been 
engaged  in  iron  business  ever  since;  mar- 
ried Jane  S.  Belknap,  Jan.  30,  1868;  she 
was  born  in  Mass. ;  Mr.  Forbes  is  a  mem- 
ber of  E.  F.  W.  Ellis  Lodge  No.  633,  A. 
F.  and  A.  M.,  Winnebago  Chapter  No.  24, 
and  Crusade  Commandery  K.  T. 


ROCKFOBD   CITY. 


485 


Forbes  M.  A.  moulder;  bds  309  N.  Wy- 
man ;  w  s. 

Forbes  Robt.  r  309  N.  Fourth;  e  s. 

Forbes  Thos.  H.  r  309  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Forbes  Wm.  moulder;  bds  1113  S.  Court;  ss. 

Forbes  Wm.  moulder;  r  1009  South. 

Force  W.  P.  carp ;  r  R.R.,  nr  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Force  Wm.  carp ;  r  R.R.,  nr  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Ford  Calvin,  mechanic ;  r   807  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Ford  C.  S.  draughtsman;  r  1011  Rock;  s  s. 

Ford  E,  carriage  mkr;  r  507  Rockton;  w  s. 

Ford  Geo.  elk;  bds  807  S.  Main;  s  s. 

FORD  G.  W.  221  East  st.;  residence 
1107  E.  State;  Patent  Attorney;  Solicitor 
of  American  and  Foreign  Patents ;  Suits 
for  Infringement  of  Patents  conducted  in 
the  U.  S.  Courts;  opinions  given,  etc.; 
Mr.  F.  was  born  inPontiac,  Mich.,  Dec.  6, 
1828;  came  to  Rockford  in  1857;  com- 
menced the  patent  business  here  in  1860. 

Ford  J.  N.  wood  turner;  r  104  W.  State. 

Ford  J.  S.  reporter ;  bds  807  First  av ;  e  s. 

Ford  Park,  lab;  r  812  Benton;  e  s. 

Ford  Pat'k,  Jr.,  lab ;  r  812  Benton ;  e  s. 

Ford  Thos.  lab ;  r  403  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Ford  Thos.  Jr.  lab ;  r  403  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Forsall  Gust,  r  Seminary,  south  of  railroad. 

Forsberg  F.  E.  elk ;  r  709  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Foss  George  E.  elk ;  bds  708  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Foster  A.  J.  cabinet  maker ;  r  rear  408  S. 
Main;  e  s. 

Fowler  Albert,  r  520  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

FOWIiKR   OEORC^F    W.    Of  the 

tirm  of  Fowler  &  Austin,  House,  Sign, 
and  Ornamental  Painters,  S.  Court  st., 
near  s.  w.  cor.  W.  State  st. ;  resides  at  1023 
Mulberry  st. ;  born  in  LeRoy,  Genesee  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  27,  1852 ;  came  to  Rockford 
nine  years  ago;  he  \ms  been  studying 
medicine  tor  three  year^  has  attended  full 
course  of  lectures  at  Chicago  Medical 
College ;  expects  to  graduate  next  j^ear. 

Fowler  John,  tinsmith;  r  1023  Mulberry. 

Fowler  Thomas,  carp ;  r  1202  Third  avenue. 

Fowler  Wm.  r  1023  Mulberry ;  w  s. 

Follett  F.  F.  rooms  over  Rockf.  Nat.  Bank. 

Fox  Alfred  D.  elk;  r  909  Loomis;  s  s. 

Fox  G.  E.  elk;  r-710  Mulberry. 

Fox  J.  E.  r  710  Mulberry. 

Fraley  J.  M.  druggist;  r  112  N.  First;  e  s. 

Fraser  A.  stonecutter ;  bds  414  S.  Court ;  w  s. 

Fraser  T.  G.  elk;  r  109  S.  First;  e  s. 

Frasier  Alex,  stonecutter;  bds  White's  Hotel. 

Frasier  O.  foreman  Rhoades  &  Utter ;  resi- 
dence 206  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Freeberg  Peter,  carp ;  r  124  Park ;  e  s. 

FREEH  JOHN  A.  Dyer  for  Graham 
&  Co. ;  residence  cor.  Morgan  and  Corbin 
sts.,   South   Side;    born  in    Switzerland, 


April  11,  1846;  came  to  Rockford,  m 
April,  1874;  came  to  America  in  1870;  he 
has  worked  at  the  dyeing  business  for 
fourteen  years;  is  a  member  of  Turner 
and  German  Singers  societies;  married 
Maria  Robertson,  April  1,1875;  she  was 
born  in  Rockford;  they  have  one  child, 
Minnie  E.,  born  Jan.  24,  1877. 

Freeman  Claus  W.   tailor;  r  505  Union;  e  s. 

Freeman  E.  harness  maker;  r  1104  Charles. 

Freeman  Ethan,  pumps;  r  1002  South. 

Freeman  G.  B.  bkpr;  bds  118  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Freeman  H.  princpl.  e  s  high  school,  supt.  e 
s  public  schools;  r  201  N.  Fourth;  e  s. 

Freeman  H.  H.  photographer,  304  E.  State ; 
r  701  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Freeman  Jas.  R.  printer;  r  902  S.  West,  cor 
Blake. 

Freeman  L.  G.  r  213  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Freeman  M.  S.  mason;  r  S.  8th,  cor  12th  av. 

Freeman  E.  r  Peach,  near  Avon ;  w  s. 

French  John,  bds  210  N.  Main;  w  s. 

French,  em p  tack  fac'y;bds  201 N.  Main;ws. 

Friedman  J.  jeweler,  113  W.  State;  r  105 
Horsman. 

Friend  Edw.  stone  mason;  r  out  of  limits. 

Fritz  Henry  V.  carp ;  r  S.  Ninth ;  W-  A. 

Frohniug  Wm.  baker;  bds  315  E.  State. 

Frosard  Joseph,  express;  r  310  S. Court;  ws. 

Frost  A.  H.  law  student;  r  122  S.  Second. 

Frost  H.  D.  r  301  S.  Main ;  e  s. 

Frost  Howard  S.  elk ;  r  301  S.  Main ;  e  s. 

Frost  Joseph,  r  712  North ;  e  s. 

Frowe  John  M.  tinsmith;  r408  S. Fifth;  e  s. 

Froze  Harry,  r  over  310  E.  State. 

Frundell  Peter,  r  802  Second  av. 

FRYER  ISAA<J  D.  Harnessmaker 
and  Proprietor  Feed  Stable,  Cliurch  st., 
near  Elm;  born  in  Guildiland,  Albany 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  2,  1830;  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  1852;  married  Mary  Thompson, 
Sept.  2,  1850;  she  was  born  in  Cherry  Val- 
ley, Otsego  Co.,  N.Y.,  June,  1830;  they  have 
one  daughter  living,  Mary  .Jane,  now  Mrs. 
Chas.  Faulkner;  they  have  lost  two 
children. 

Fry  Geo.  B.  engineer;  bds  511  Rockton  av. 

Fuller  J.  A.  confectionery  417  E.  State;  r 
503  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Fuller  David,  carp ;  r  713  Elm ;  w  s. 

Fuller  L.  B.  r  1006  Ferguson ;  s  s. 

Fuller  Lemuel  S.  r  Seminary  s  of  R.  R. 

Furman  O.empB.S.Morse  ;bds  507Market  ;e  s. 

GABRIELSON  VALENTINE,  r  S.  Sev- 
enth ;  W.  A. 
Gaffney  P.  carp ;  r  908  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Galaway  T.  barbar ;  r  over  113  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Gallagher  M.  H.  r  1013  S.  Third ;  e  s. 


486 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTOEYt 


Gallagher  John,  teamster;  r807  Corbin;  s  s. 
Gallaugher  P.  lab;  r  411  S.  West;  w  s. 
Gamble  L.  S.  millinery  118  W.  State;  rsame. 
Gardner  Eugene,  carp ;  bds  302  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

OARDi\EK  ElTGl'^XE  A.  Suc- 
cessor to  Rovve  it  Gardner;  Wholesale 
and  Retail  Dealer  in  and  Manufacturer  of 
tine  Havana  and  Domestic  Cigars,  423 
East  State  street;  bds  at  the  American 
House;  he  was  born  in  Fallsburg,  Sulli- 
van Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  11,  1854;  came  to 
Rockford,  March  19,  1877;  came  to  this 
Co.,  Dec.  20,  1874. 

Gardner  Joseph,  r  112  N.  Third;  e  s. 

Gardner ,  patternmaker ;    r   Harlem  av. 

Garner  A.  T.,  painter;  r  610  Knowlton;  s  s. 

Garner  Frederick,  r  508  E.  Seminary ;  e  s. 

Garrett  Wm.  elk;  r  1403  Charles;  e  s. 

Gartland  Thos.  lab;  r  912  East;  s  s. 

GARVER  JOHir  C.  States  Attorney 
for  Winnebago  Co. ;  office  over  Winnebago 
National  Bank;  residence  902  S.  Main  St., 
South  Side;  born  in  Pecatonica,  this  Co., 
Nov.  10,  1843 ;  Mr.  Garver  is  a  graduate  of 
Wiiteuburg  College,  Springfield,  Ohio; 
he  read  law  at  Springfield,  Ohio,  with 
Gen'l  Keifer,  present  member  of  Congress ; 
was  elected  States  Attorney  in  1872;  re- 
elected in  1876;  aside  from  the  duties  of 
States  Attorney,  Mr.  Gardner  attends  to 
general  law  and  collection  business. 

Gasking  W.  watchmkr ;  bds 308  Walnut;  e s. 

Gasking  William,  Jr.,  watchmaker;  bds  308 
Walnut;  e  s. 

Geare  F.  employe  J.  B.  Marsh  &  Co. ;  r  402 
S.  Main;  w  s. 

Gearn  G.  C.  druggist  808  S.  Main ;  r  806  S. 
Court;  s  s. 

Gebler  J.  moulder;  r  1113  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Gebler  M.  D.  r  1113  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Gens  Niciiolas,  barber;  r  708  Elm;  w  s. 

OEKT  i;VjfI.  Manufacturer  of  special 
Machinery  of  every  description;  factory 
south  end  of  Power,  near  the  woolen 
factory;  residence  302  S.  West  St.;  born 
in  Staflbrdshire,  England ;  eame  to  Rock- 
ford  about  18  years  ago;  married  Maria 
S.  Taylor;  she  was  born  in  this  Co.;  they 
have  five  children,  four  boys  and  one  girl. 

George  J.  farmer ;   r  Longwood  cor  Crosby. 

GEORGE  SAMPSOIST,  (Deceased.) 
The  eldest  son  of  Sampson  and  Anne 
George,  was  born  in  the  parish  of  Middle- 
ton,  Tyas,  Yorkshire,  England,  April  19, 
1789,  where  he  also  received  his  educa- 
tion, and  studied  law  in  the  office  of  his 
father,  he  being  an  attorney  and  coun- 
sellor. 

On  the  18th  of  June,  1822,  he  was  mai-- 
ried  to  Ann,  eldest  daughter  of  James  and 
Margaret  Swetnam,  of  Gayles,  parish  of 
Kirby,  Ravedsworth,  Yorkshire,  she  being 
born  at  the  latter  place,  on  the  4th  of  May, 


1799.  The  names  and  date  of  birth  ot 
their  children  are  as  follows :  Margaret, 
born  March  14,  1823;  married  to  Levi 
Moulthrop,  M.  D. ;  both  deceased.  Samp- 
son, born  Sept.  13,  1825 ;  married  to  Cyn- 
thia Saylor ;  resides  in  Buchanan  Co.,  la. ; 
P.  O.  Kier.  George,  born  March  12,  1828; 
married  to  Lydia  M.  Loomis ;  resides  in 
Rockford.  Anne,  born  Aug.  31,  1831;  de- 
ceased. James  Swetnam,  born  April  27, 
1833;  married  to  Mary  Jane  Quick;  re- 
sides in  Waterloo,  Iowa. 

The  children  were  all  baptized  in  in- 
fancy into  the  Church  of  England. 

Mr.  George  and  family  left  England  in 
June,  1836,  and  arrived  in  Rockford  the 
following  September.  In  five  weeks  after 
their  arrival  Mr.  George  was  taken  ill, 
and  after  lingering  but  a  few  days  died, 
Oct.  31. 

Mrs.  George  and  the  children  remained 
here,  settling  upon  a  tract  of  land  adjacent 
to  what  is  now  the  city  of  Rockford,  en- 
during the  hardships  and  reaping  the  re- 
wards of  a  pioneer  life.  Mrs.  George,  now 
in  iier  79th  year,  resides  at  the  home  of 
her  grandson,  L.  Moulthrop,  and  so  far  as 
is  known  is  the  oldest  lady  resident — who 
was  also  the  earliest  resident — now  living 
in  the  city  of  Rockford.  Mrs.  George  still 
retains  her  faculties  and  memory  to  a  re- 
markable degree,  and  can  narrate  remin- 
iscences of  the  early  days  of  Winnebago 
County  with  a  force  and  vividness  rarely 
met  with  in  one  of  her  years. 
Gerber  Adolphus,  r  106  Horsman. 

GERBER  HE^fRY  H.  Foreman 
Utter  Manufacturing  Co;  residence  306 
Horsman  st. ;  born  in  Byron,  Ogle  Co.,  111., 
May  18,  1846;  came  to  Rockford  in  1852; 
has  been  in  machinists'  business  over  12 
years;  married  Carrie  I.  Dean;  she  was 
born  in  N.  Y.  State;  have  one  cliild,  Win- 
fred,  born  July  S,  1876 ;  Mr.  Gerber  served 
five  months  inWJo.  I,  134th  I.  V.  I. ;  Mrs. 
G.  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal  church. 

Gerber  Julius,  accountant;  r  106  Horsman. 

Gerlach  C.  carpet  weaving ;  r  810  Horsman. 

GEROUI.D  FRA:SfK  \V.  General 
Insurance  Agent,  room  6,  Masonic  Block, 
W.  State  St. ;  residence  709  N.  Court  st. ; 
West  Side;  born  in  Smithfield,  Bradford 
Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  13,  1853;  came  to  Rockford 
in  1856;  Mr.  Gerould  is  Second  Lieuten- 
ant of  the  Rockford  Rifles,  Third  Regt.  Illi- 
nois National  Guards. 

Gerould  M.  B.  bkpr;  r  709  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Gerrey  Jas.  lab ;  r  1002  River ;  s  s. 

Gerrey  Owen,  gardener ;  r  1002  River ;  s  s. 

Geurey  Matt,  lab ;  r  1012  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Gibbs  P.  C.  lab ;  r  1008  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Giddings  Ralph,  r  802  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Giff"en  Alex.  (Giffen  Bros.)  r  307  N.  Third. 

Giflfen  Andrew  (Giflen  Bros.),  r  508  Rock. 

Giffen  Jas.  A.  clerk  A.  J.  Smith ;  bds  same. 


ROCKFORD    CITY. 


489 


Gift'enW.  grocer,S.Ninth  cor  Ninth  av;  W.A. 

CkIL.B£RT  J  as.  C^iirpenter  and  Build- 
er, Saw  Filer,  etc.,  504  E.  State  St. ;  resi- 
dence 1116  E.  State  St.;  boru  in  N.  Y. 
city  Sept.  11,  1811 ;  moved  to  Ovid,  N.  Y., 
when  he  was  quite  young;  lived  there 
most  of  the  time  until  he  was  1}^  years 
of  age,  when  his  parents  moved  to  Canada, 
in  1819;  worked  at  his  trade  of  carpenter 
and  joiner,  and  a  portion  of  the  time  en- 
gaged in  farming  until  he  came  to  Kock- 
foi-d,  May  20,  1839 ;  married  Sarah  Crane, 
July  25,  1834;  she  was  born  in  the  Black 
River  country,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  12,  1818;  have 
live  children  living;  Ellen  A.,  now  Mrs. 
Heman  Allen;  Hadie,  now  Mrs.  E.  E. 
Holland,  of  Chicago ;  Mary  E.,  now  Mrs. 
James  Lathrop,  of  Chicago;  James  R.  and 
William  Henry;  lost  two  children. 

Gilbert  Stephen,  farmer;  r  406  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Gile  Geo.  W.  lab;  r  811  N.  Second;  e  s. 
Gillett  Henry  W.  r  1007  East ;  s  s. 
Gillett  Samuel,  r  308  E.  State. 

OILIi  HENRY  C.  of  the  firm  of  Bab- 
cock  &  Gill,  Dentists,  223  E.  State  st. ;  re- 
sides at  607  Market  St.;  he  was  born  in 
Woodstock,  Vt.,  June  4.  1844;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  Sept.,  1875;  married  Ida  C. 
Bunker,  Sept.  14,  1871 ;  she  was  born  at 
Geneva,  111.,  April  21, 1847. 

Gill  J.  N.  r  403  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Gilmour  John,  painter ;  r  1007  South. 

Glassel  H.  W.  mechanic  ;r  Peach  near  Avon. 

Glenn  G.  M.  M.  r  719  N.  Church;  w  s. 

Glenns  August,  lab ;  r  604  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 

Glenny  H.  tailor,  Horsman's  new  block ;  r 
Rockton. 

Glenny  Henry,  dentist;  r  Rockton  av. 

Glinn  Edwin,  employe  David  Vanston. 

Glinn  Patrick,  lab ;  r  207  S.  Water ;  e  s. 

Goddard  Chas.  W.  teacher;  r  711  Mulberry. 

Godfrey  E.  L.  com  mcht;  610  Chestnut;  ws. 

Godfrey  Jno.  D.  milliner ;  r  S.  Church ;  w  s. 

Godfrey  S.  R.  clothier;  r  309  S. Third. 

Golden  W.  A.  moulder ;  r  205  S.  Winnebago. 

Goldsmith  J.  shoemaker;  r  801  First  av;  es. 

Goldsmith  Oliver,  r  801  First  av ;  e  s. 

Goodell  Chas.  H.  bds  612  Mulberry. 

Goodhart  Jas.  r  1104  River;  s  s. 

Goodhue  E.  P.  printer  Register;  r  507 
Peach ;  w  s. 

Goodlander  Daniel,  vicepres.  Emerson,  Tal- 
cott  &  Co. ;  r  405  Park. 

Goodwin  A.  E.  physician  and  surgeon,  over 
410  E.  State ;  r  7l0  Court  cor  N.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Goodwin  M.  O.  stoves  and  tinware,  417  W. 
State;  r  711  George. 

Gorden  Thos.  employe  Holland  House. 

Gork  Fred,  watchmaker;  bds  308  Walnut. 

Gosling  John,  meat;  r  out  of  town. 

26  54 


Gossin  F.  B.  collar  mkr;  r  206  Horsman. 

Goss  G.  R.  r  201  S.  West. 

Gough  H.H.emp  E.S.Smith;  r  203  Mulberry. 

Gould  Thos.G.  moulder;  r  1102  S.  Main;  ss. 

Grady  Frank  J.  r  604  Court;  e  s. 

Graham   Byron;   gen  agt  Graham  &  Co. ;  r 

cor  S.  Winnebago  and  Kent;  s  s. 
Graham  David,  with  Graham  &  Co.;  r905S. 

Main;  s  s. 
Graham  Freeman,  office  1310  S.  Main ;  r  905 

S.  Main ;  s  s. 

ORAHAITI  &  €0.  Proprietors  Cotton 
Mill,  on  Water  Power;  they  manufacture 
Batting,  Seamless  Grain  Bags,  Twine, 
Hosiery,  etc.;  established  in  1865;  work 
150  men ;  manufactured  $250,000  worth  of 
goods  in  1876;  Freeman  Graham,  Jr.,  was 
born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  March  27,  1842 ; 
came  to  Rockford  in  1859;  Julius  Graham 
was  born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  Oct.  6,  1843; 
came  to  Rockford  in  1859 ;  they  were  both 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  Reapers 
and  Mowers  until  1865,  when  they  sold 
out  that  business  to  Wm.  A.   Knowlton. 

Graham  J.  P.  salesman ;  bds  305  Rockton  av. 

Grandlund  Robt.  lab;  r  1110  Fourth  av. 

Grandstran  C.  tailor ;  r   609  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 

Granz  John ,  r  S.  Sixth,  opp  soap  factory. 

Graves  Isaac,  elk ;  r  over  513  E.  State. 

Gray  A.  C.  agt  Singer  sewing  machine  Co., 
and  organs,  427  W.  State;  r  205  Horsman. 

Gray  Chas.  r  511  S.  Wyman. 

Gray  D.  P.  life  and  fire  ins.  and  real  estate 
agt,  427  W.  State;  r  507  Locust. 

Gray  E. H. teamster ;  r  cor  Maple  and  George. 

Gray  J.  L.  pres  Rc^kford  Brush  Co. ;  r  308 
S.  Winnebago. 

Gray  N. B.  job  printer;  bds  202  N.  Second. 

Greene  Benj.  lab;  r  612  North;  w  s. 

Greene  E.  W.  lab;  r  617  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Green  R.  S.  r  212  W.  State. 

Gregory  Andrew. I.  r  104  S.  Eighth;  e  s. 

Gregory  Carroll  S.  r  1005  S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Gregory  Ed.  S.  wind  mills;  r  1005  S.  Third. 

Gregory  J.  A.  salesman ;  r  601  Horsman. 

<]}R£&ORY   JOH]V    CliARli:, 

Meat  Market,  E.  State  st. ;  residence  501 
N.  Third  St.;  born  in  Rockford,  Dec.  13, 
1837;  he  is  the  oldest  native-born  resident 
now  living  here;  married  Ellen  M.  Tis- 
dale,  Dec.  25,  1860 ;  she  was  born  in  Ware, 
Worcester  Co.,  Mass.,  Sept.  1,  1841 ;  they 
have  one  child,  Ernest  I.,  born  April  10, 
1868;  Mr.  and  Mr^^.  G.  are  members  of  the 
First  M.  E.  Church ;  Mr.  Gregory  is  a  son 
of  Samuel  Gregoiy,  who  first  came  to  this 
Co.  in  the  fall  of  1835,  and  removed  here 
with  his  family  in  the  spring  of  1836;  Mr. 
Samuel  Gregory  returned  to  Niagara  Co., 
N.  Y.,  in  1874,  and  is  now  a  resident  of 
that  Co. 


490 


WINNEBAGO    CODNTY    DIRECTORY: 


Gregory  J.  O.  hardware,  119  W.  State,  under 
Brown's  Hall;  r  601  Horsman. 

Gregory  Homer,  r  807  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Gregory  Lewis,  farmer;  r  1005  S. Third. 

Gregory  Wm.  H.  with  N.  C.  Thompson ;  r 
cor  North  and  Winnebago. 

Gridley  P.marble  cutter ;  bds  308. S. Main ;  w  s. 

Griflfin  Charles,  r  1002  South. 

Griflfin  G.  P.  grocer ;  r  404  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Grifhn  James,  lab ;  r  west  end  Chestnut;  w  s. 

Griffin  John,  painter;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Griffin  John  P.  painter;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Griffin  Patrick,  r  west  end  Chestnut;  w  s. 

Griffin  Patrick,  lab;  r  Harlem  av;  w  s. 

Griffin  T.  brickmkr;  r  w  end  Chestnut;  w  s. 

Q-riffin ,  lab ;  r  208  S.  Water ;  e  s. 

Gri<xgb  Chas.  L.  cigarmaker ;  r  801  Ferguson. 

ORIGO^^  J>AWIEI.  li.  Proprietor 
City  Hotel,  cor.  State  and  Church  sts. ; 
born  in  Paris,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  9, 
1824;  came  to  Rockford  in  May,  1863; 
first  wife  was  Amy  R.  Robinson ;  she  died 
in  July,  1868 ;  five  children  by  this  mar- 
riage,  two  deceased ;  the  living  are,  Chas. 
L.,  Nellie,  and  Emma  G. ;  present  wife 
was  Lora  D.  Pierce,  of  Union,  Rock  Co., 
Wis. ;  Mr.  Griggs  has  been  in  the  hotel 
business  in  Rockford  for  seven  years. 

Griggs  Geo.  G.  cigar  mfg,  429  W.  State ;  r 
811  Cunningham;  s  s. 

Griggs  Geo.  L.  r  811  Cunningham;  s  s. 

Grimes  J.  T.  pumps ;  r  School,  cor  Lee. 

Grimmitt  Thomas,  wagon  maker,  420  Elm. 

Griswold  Theodore  F.  emp  J.  B.  Marsh  & 
Co.;  r  311  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Groneman  W.  L.  r  501  W.  S. 

Groth  Henry  C.  r  305  N.  Wyman ;  w  s. 

Grout  C.  L.  bkpr ;  bds  303  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Grunewald  A.marblecutler ;  r  816  Rural ;  e  s. 

Gruninger  F.  Z.  soap  mkr;  r  801  6th  av;  e  s. 

Grunland  John,  lab ;  r  1107  Fourth  av;  es. 

Gulbrand  H.  blacksmith ;  bds  805  E.  State. 

Gunderson  C.salesman ;  bds  407  N.Main ;  e  s. 

HADLON  A.  plow  maker;  r  North,  cor 
East;  e  s. 
Hadlon  John,  tailor;  r  North,  cor  East;  e  s. 
Haegg  Aug.  tinner ;  r  out  of  town. 
Ilagberg  J.  shoemaker ;  r  404  East ;  e  s. 
Hagblad  Lans,  r  Seminary,  s  of  R.  R. 
Hagblom  Peter,  r  809  Fifth  av ;  e  s.      . 
Hagerty  John,  lab ;  r  904  Kent ;  s  s. 
Haight  Emery,  r  305  S.  West. 
Haight  W.  M.  r  1009  Charles ;  e  s. 

HAIIVES  ANTHO:SfY,  Manufact- 
urer of  the  Bean  and  Welden  Sulky,  and 
Riding  Cultivator,  204  N.  Main  st. ;  East 
Side ;  residence  609  Market  st. ;  born  in 
Marietta,  Penu.,  April  21,  1839 ;  came  to 


Rockford  in  1854;  married  Adaline  Rowse, 
April  24,  1853 ;  she  was  born  in  Bucyrus, 
O.;  they  have  three  children;  Mr.  Haines 
is  Supervisor  and  Alderman  of  the  First 
Wai  d ;  he  has  served  18  years  continuously 
as  Supervisor,  and  several  terms  as  Alder- 
man ;  he  was  largely  engaged  in  grain  and 
produce  business  for  a  great  many  years; 
has  been  engaged  in  the  manufacturing 
business  eiirht  j^ears. 

Haime  Austin,  r  607  N.  Main;  e  s. 

HaimeE.  C.  moulder;  r  702  N.  First;  e  s. 

Haime  Norbert,moulder ;  r  607  N.  Main;  es. 

Haime  Wm.  mason;  r  607  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Haime  W.W.  moulder;  r  1107  S.Church;ss. 

Hair  J.W.  blacksmith ;  r  608  Longwood ;  e  s. 

HAIvE  HEIIAN  B.  Retired  Demist; 
residence  202  S.  Main  st. ;  East  Side ;  born 
in  Rutland,  Vt.,  Nov.  26,  1821 ;  came  to 
Rockford,  Oct.  8,  1858;  married  Sarah  A. 
Mead,  of  Essex,  Essex  Co.  N.  Y.,  Oct.  17, 
1848;  she  was  born  Oct.  26,1823;  they 
have  one  son,  Fred  M.,  born  Feb.  16,  1861 ; 
the  Doctor  and  Mrs.  Hale  are  members  of 
the  First  Congregational  Church ;  he  was 
engaged  in  the  dental  profession  from 
1843  to  1877,  a  period  of  34  years. 

Hale  J.W.  salesman;  r  704  S.  Seminary;  e  s. 

Haley  Chas.  r  605  East ;  e  s. 

Haley  Pat'k,  engineer ;  r  704  N.  Winnebago. 

HAfili  ASA,  Superintendent  Wood  and 
Iron  Department  of  N.  C.  Thompson's 
Manufactories;  residence  409  Kent,  cor 
Church  St. ;  born  in  Erie  Co.,  Penu.,  April 
28,  1823;  parents  moved  to  Westfield, 
Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y.,  when  he  was  three 
years  of  age;  when  he  was  about  twelve 
years  of  age  they  moved  to  North-East, 
Erie  Co.,  Penn. ;  at  the  age  of  sixteen  they 
went  to  Utica,  Venango  Co.,  Penn.,  where 
he  lived  until  1846,  when  he  removed  to 
Freeport,  111. ;  twenty-five  years  ago  he 
came  to  Rockford,  and  has  resided  here 
ever  since,  except  for  a  period  of  three 
years,  which  he  spent  in  Chillicothe,  Mo., 
where  he  carried  on  the  milling  business; 
he  has  been  engaged  in  mechanical  busi- 
ness ever  since  he  was  sixteen  years  of 
age ;  has  been  with  N.  C.  Thompson  about 
twelve  years;  first  wife  was  Nancy  Par- 
menter ;  she  died  in  1851 ;  they  had  two 
children ;  one  daughter  living,  Emma  M., 
now  Mrs.  John  Elliott;  second  wife  was 
Catherine  J.  Glidden;  she  died  m  the 
spring  of  1857;  they  had  two  children, 
both  living  now;  Edward  Dwight  and 
Nettie  T  ;'  present  wife  was  Emma  M. 
Raymond;  they  have  three  children  liv- 
ing, Lewis  P.,  Myrtle  M.  and  Laura  M. ; 
they  have  lost  two  children. 

Hall  Chester  F  r  1215  E.  State. 

Hall  E.  D.  machinist;  bds  White's  Hotel. 

Hall  Dr.  Eli,  physician ;  r  702  W.  State. 

Hall  H.  music  teacher;  bds  609  S.  4th;  e  s. 


ROCKFORD    OITT. 


491 


ffall  J.  J.  elk ;  bds  606  W.  State. 

Hall  John  H.  r  107  East ;  e  s. 

Hall  Lewis  P.  r  409  Kent;  s  s. 

Hall  Thos.  moulder;  r  1504  Charles;  e  s. 

Hallberg  Claus,  mechanic;  r   S.  7th;  W.  A. 

Hallberg  Gust,  painter;  r  604  S.  Fourth. 

HallenGust.  mechanic;  r  511  S.  First;  e  s. 

Halsted  Rev.  Jesse,  r  1311  Ciiarles;  es. 

Hamilton  John  D.;  r  207  N.  First;  e  s. 

Hamilton  J.expressman ;  r  413  S.  Court;  ws. 

Hamilton  J.  D.,  Jr.  notions,  etc.;  r  529  N. 
Church. 

Hamley  Wm.  J.  mason;  r  818  Rural;  e  s. 

Hamlyn  T.  meat  market;  bds  304  Chestnut. 

Hammer  Alex,  lab ;  r  Lincoln  av. 

Hammond  C.  E.^bakery;  r  Kent,  nr  S.  Main. 

Hammond  Franklin  P.  bds  804  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Hammon  C.  N.  special  agent  Travelers'  In- 
surance Co.,  P.  O.  Building. 

Hammill  A.moulder ;  r  Blake,ur  S. Court ;  s  s. 

Hammill  John,  r  1207  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Ham  Freeman,  mason ;  r  403  Catlin ;  e  s. 

Hampton  Charles,  furniture  finisher ;  r  808 
N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Hampton  J.  E.  compositor;  bds  901  N. 
Second ;  e  s. 

Hampton  John,  lab ;  r  901  N".  Second ;  e  s. 

Hampton  W.  H.  printer;  r  901  N.  Second. 

Hancock  Harrison,  r  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Hancock  John,  teamster ;  r  709  Fourth  av ;  e  s. 

Hancock  Wm.  T.  lab;  r  S.  Winnebago,  be- 
low Wall ;  s  s. 

Hancox  Louis  C.  G.  r  404  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Hankinson  Mason  T.  r  702  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Hankinson  R.  petldler ;  r  702  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Hanaford  Lyman B.  carp;  r  113  N.  Third;  es. 

llanafordM.L. dentist;  r  511  Rockton  av;  ws. 

Hannan  James,  r  404  S.  Court ;  w  s. 

Hansom  C.  E.  barber;  r  204  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Hanson  C.  blacksmith ;  r  801  Second  av ;  e  s. 

Hanson  Thos.  papermaker ;  r  910  Fifth  av. 

Happes  John,  lab;  r  221  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Harbaugh  Benj.  r  923  Crosby;  e  s. 

Harbaugh  B.F.  brickmason ;  r  920  Crosby  ;e  s. 

Harbaugh  Henry,  r  922  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Harbison  Omer  A.  bkpr;  r  202  Morgan;  s  s. 

Harbison  W.  L.  at  Emerson  &  Co.'s;  r  202 
Morgan. 

Harding  A.  lab ;  r  S.  Main,  below  R.  R. ;  e  s. 

Harding  R.  R.,  agt  C.  &  I.  R.  R. ;  r  201  S. 
Court;  w  s. 

Harding  S.  T.  druggist,  401  E.  State ;  r  804 
First  av.    ' 

HARDY  H.  II.  Proprietor  of  Hardy's 
Hotel  and  Restaurant,  123  S.  Main  st. ; 
born  in  Wilton,  Me.,  June  13,  1824;  came 
to  Roscoe,  this  Co.,  Sept.  16, 1845 ;  he  was 


engaged  for  19  years  in  the  manufacture 
of  wagons  in  Roscoe;  he  removed  to  Rock- 
ford  in  1867;  worked  as  a  carpenter  and 
machinist  two  years;  in  1869  engaged  in 
the  hotel  business,  and  has  continued  it 
ever  since;  married  Lucy  Ann  Chase,  April 
24,  1847;  she  was  born  in  Wilton,  Me., 
April  20,  1830;  they  have  three  children 
living:  Martha  A.  (now  Mrs.  Chauncey  O. 
North),  Isabell  and  Gertrude;  Mrs.  Hardy 
is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Harkness  John  C.  805  Corbin. 

Harlin  H.  C.  tailor;  r  411  E.  State. 

Haimes  D.  K.  machinist;  r  409  Morgan;  s  s. 

Harmon  Daniel,  r  1001  Horsman. 

Harmon  Simeon,  cigarmaker,  501  W.  State; 
r  1001  Horsman. 

Harrison  Wm.  J.  miller;  bds  Ira  Stanbro. 

Harris  Edgar,  employe  R.  Trigg;  r  same. 

Harris  J.  N.  carriage  mkr ;  bds  301  Horsman. 

Harrell  J.  F.  photogr;  r  201  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Harrop  Henry,  plumber;  r  609  East;  e  s. 

Hartsel  Daniel,  bds  221  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Hart  A.,  Jr.,  r  N.  Winnebago  from  Whitman. 

HARTEUGEXE,  Painter;  residence 
920  Crosby  St.;  born  at  Little  Falls,  Her- 
kimer Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  15,  1850 :  in  1C52, 
he  went  with  his  parents  to  Beloit,  Wis. ; 
lived  there  until  he  came  to  Rockford,  in 
1875;  is  a  member  of  the  Temperance 
Union,  of  Rocktord. 

Hart  Geo.  W.  blacksmith ;  r  709  George ;  w  s. 

Hart  Wm.  I.  meatmarket;  r  608  George ;  w  s. 

Hart  Wm.  stone  cutter ;  r  605  Oak. 

Hart  Wm.  bds  504  Knowlton. 

HARVEY  MATTHE"W,  Residence 
912  N.  Horsman  st. ;  born  in  Scotland,  Jan. 
16, 1836 ;  came  to  Harlem,  this  Co.,  in  1840 ; 
engaged  in  farming  until  1873,  when  he 
engaged  in  the  Agricultural  Implement 
trade,  with  Mr.  Ralston;  married  Jane 
Ralston,  March  8,  1870;  she  was  born  in 
Scotland,  Feb.  3,  1848;  have  three  chil- 
dren; Mary  Elizabeth,  born  Feb.  3,1871; 
John  Alexander,  Sept.  13,  1872 ;  Margaret 
Isabel,  Sept.  5, 1877 ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harvey 
are  members  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
church. 

HA^KEIiL.  GEO.  S.  Senior  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of  Geo.  S.  Haskell  &  Co., 
Seed  Farmers  and  Merchants,  112,  114, 
and  116  Main  st. ;  residence  801  N.  Court, 
West  Side;  Mr.  Haskell  was  born  in  Rock- 
ford,  Oct.  4,  1838;  he  has  been  engaged  in 
the  seed  business  since  1864,  and  has  the 
reputation  in  this  country  and  Europe,  of 
being  one  of  the  best  and  most  reliable 
seedsmen  of  the  world. 

Hastings ,  r  east  end  E.  State ;  e  s. 

Hawkanson  P.  shoemkr;  r  310  Kishwaukee. 

Hawke  Norman  A.  r  208  S.  Winnebago. 

Hawke  W.  P.  elk;  r  208  S.  Winnebago. 


492 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIRECTORY: 


Hawkinson  Jolm,  lab;  r  805  E.  State. 
HawkinsoQ  H.  cabinet  maker;   r  South   e 

Kisbwaukee. 
Hawa  Jacob,  r  508  S.  First ;  e  s. 
Hawn  Peter,  r  508  S. First;  e  s. 
Hawn  R.  H.  miller;  r  508  S.  First;  e.  s. 
Hawthorne  W.S.clk;  bds  303  S.  Winnebago. 
Hayes  Chas.  lab;  r  80'J  Maple. 

HAYES  «EO.  B.  of  the  firm  of  Hitch- 
cock &  Hayes,  Drugijists,  333  West  State 
St.;  residence  504  Rockton  av;  born  in 
Prattsburg,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  18,  1839;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1870;  married  Mary  R. 
Weeks,  Feb.  30, 1854 ;  she  was  born  in  N. 
Y. :  have  two  children  living,  M.  Kissie 
and  Hattie  Lena;  have  lost  two  children. 

Hayes  Jerrj%  teaming ;  r  809  Maple. 
Hayes  John,  r  505  N.  Main;  e  s. 
Hayes  T.  engineer;  r  S.  Court  nr  Chestnut. 
Haynes  M.  M.  r  304  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Hazard  Wm.  H.  r  912  Rockton  av. 
Hazard  Wm.  R.  lab;  r913  Rockton  av. 

HAZLET  JACOB,  resides  at  201  N. 
First  St.,  cor.  Market;  Itorn  in  Preston  Co., 
Va.,  Nov.  17,  1813;  when  he  was  four 
years  of  age  his  parents  moved  to  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  Md.,  where  he  resided  twenty 
years ;  engaged  in  Milling  business  there ; 
in  1841  he  moved  to  Fayette  Co.,  Pa., 
where  lie  followed  farming  tor  three  or 
four  years,  when  he  returned  to  Md.,  and 
bought  the  old  mill  and  carried  it  on  until 
he  came  to  Winnebago  Co.,  in  1853;  for 
eight  months  he  was  in  Mercantile  busi- 
ness at  Rockton,  then  he  came  here  and 
for  one  year  kept  the  Rock  River  House, 
on  the  East  Side;  at  the  expiration  of  that 
time  he  engaged  in  the  Boot  and  Shoe 
trade,  and  has  continued  in  that  business 
ever  since;  married  Jane  Rush,  Oct.  13, 
1838;  she  was  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  Pa., 
Nov.  1,  1819;  have  two  children,  Kate  and 
Margaret,  now  Mrs.  J.  P.  Largent;  Mr. 
H.  and  family  are  members  of  State  Street 
Baptist  church. 

Heagle  J.  B.  r  501  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Heath  W.  W.  r  509  N.  Church ;  w  s. 
Hedberg  Fred,  shoemkr;  r  310  Kisbwaukee. 
Hedlund  C.J.  tailor,  cor  North  and  East;  es. 
Hefferan  Jno.  E.  salesman ;  bds  133  W.  State. 
Hefteran  Patrick,  lab;  r  704  S.  Sixth. 
Hefferan  Robt.  with  C.  Henry;  r  same. 
Hefferan  Wm.  lab :  r  906  First  av ;  e  s. 
Heffran  Thos.  gardener;  r  606  N.  First;  e  s. 
Heldridge  Hugh,  room  over  338  E.  State. 
Helem  Benj.  painter;  r  1010  N.  Winnebago. 
Helem  Frank,  painter;  r  1010  N.Winnebago. 
Helem  John,  painter;  r  1010  N.  Winnebago. 
Helgreen  Chas.  r  214  S.  Water;  e  s. 
Helme  Geo.  painter;  r  510  Fisher  av. 


Helmer  Chas.  lab ;  r  over  301  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Helmer  John,  lab ;  r  610  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 
Helmer  H.  V.  livery;  r  308  S.  Church. 
Helmer  Geo.  carp ;  r  505  S.  Pleasant. 
Helmer  J.  emp  W.T.  Crook ;  r  104  N.5th ;  e  s. 
Helstein  Andrew,  lab;  r  134  S  First;  e  s. 
Henderson  H.stonecutter;bds  White's  Hotel. 
Henderson  J.  plumber;  r906  N.  Court. 
Henderson  P.stone-cut ;  bds  414  S.  Court ;  w  s. 
Hennebery  John,  lab ;  bds  502  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Hennessey  T.  emp  R.  R. ;  r  509  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 
Henry  Albert,  elk;  r  311  N.  Main;  w  s. 

HEXRY  CHRISTIAN,  Proprietor 
Restaurant  and  Dealer  in  Fancy  Goods, 
Confectionery,  Oysters,  Birds  and  Cages, 
Wines  and  Liquors.  &c,,  307  and  309  E. 
State  St. ;  resides  at  same  number. 

Henry  C.  F.  salesman ;  bds  301  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Henry  John,  bds  634  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Henry  J.  G  trav.  salesmn ;  r  634  N.Main ;  w  s. 

Henry  P.  hack  driver;  r  634  N.  Main;  ws. 

Heny  Thomas,  tailor ;  r  805  George. 

Hepburn  G.  T.  bkpr;  r  307  S.  Court;  w  s. 

HEFBrRN  GEORGE,  Carpenter; 
works  in  wood  department  of  Emerson, 
Talcott  &  Co. ;  residence  307  S.  Court  st. ; 
born  in  Edinburg,  Scotland,  Sept.  14, 
1837;  came  to  Canada  in  1833;  removed 
to  Rockford  in  1870;  married  Jane  Gran- 
ger, April  36,  1850;  she  was  born  in 
Canada,  April  29,  1830;  they  have  five 
children,  John  W.,  Ellen  W.,  George  T., 
Wm.  M.,  and  Chas.  J. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hep- 
burn are  Protestants. 

Hepburn  John  W.  cashier  Emerson,  Talcott 
&  Co.;  r307  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Heron  J.  B.  machinist:  r  1304  Ferguson;  s  s. 

Herrick  E.  L.  furniture ;  r  301  S.  Second. 

Herrick  Horace  P.  r  604  Cunningham. 

Herrick  L.  carp ;  r  604  Cunningham ;  s  s. 

Herrick  S.  cabinet  mkr ;  r  404  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Herrick  W.A.  painter ;  bds  515  N. Church ;  ws. 

Herrick  Wm.  r  507  Grove ;  e  s. 

Hersey  H.  O.  emp  Emerson  &  Co. ;  r  308  N. 
Fourth. 

Hess  L.  M.  tannery ;  r  706  Pecatonica. 

Hewins  John  R.  painter;  r  S.  Eighth. 

Hickbith  John,  lab ;  r  1007  Morgan ;  s  s. 

Hickey  M.  emp  Graham  &  Co. ;  res.  1016  S. 
Main;  s  s. 

Hickey  Matthew,  emp  H.  P.  Kimball. 

Hickey  M.  blacksmith ;  r  u  end  Winnebago. 

Hickey  Richard,  lab ;  r  504  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Hickey  Wm.  lab ;  r  Harlem  av ;  w  s. 

Hickson  P.   lab ;  r  Winnebago,  n  turn  table. 

Hicks  A.  blacksmith;  r  508  Chestnut;  w  s. 

Hicks  Charles,  bds  over  338  E.  State. 

Hicks  Daniel,  mason ;  r  507  N.  Third ;  e  s. 


ROCirFOBD    CITY. 


493 


Hicks  John  F.  r  1203  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 

HICKS  ^JOHX,  Foreman  of  Black- 
smithing  Department  of  Enoch  &  Briggs' 
Plow  Factory;  residence  GOl  N.  Winne- 
bago St.;  born  in  England,  Aug.  24,  1837; 
came  to  Rockford  May  2,  1857 ;  he  has 
worked  at  his  trade  24  years;  hns  been 
with  present  tirm  ever  since  it  commenced 
nirtnufacluriug;  married  Stirah  A.  Evans, 
April  6,  1870;  she  was  born  in  Bristol, 
Enirland,  July  3,  1847;  they  have  four 
children,  Emily  J.,  Wm.  C.  T.,  Ella  May. 
and  Nellie;  lost  one  son,  Charlie;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Hicks  are  members  of  the  Court 
street  M.  E.  Church. 

Hicks  Stephen  B.  r  311  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Hicks  Thos.  blacksmith ;  bds  1203  S.  Win- 
nebago; s  s. 

Hiestand  Isaac,  carp;  r  812  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Higbee  Wm.  H.  r  1003  E.  State. 

Higley  N.  D.  foreman  Geo.  Bradley;  r  1010 
W.  Peach. 

Hildebrand  Isaac,  r  201  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Hill  A.  J.  tinner;  bds  201  S.  Fourth;  e  s. 

HILIi  C.  €.  (E.  Smith  &  Co.)  Manufac- 
turer of  the  E.  D.  Waterbury  Extension 
Rule;  residence  over  110  S.  Main  St.,  West 
Side;  born  near  Jauesville,  Wis.,  Sept.  24, 
1847;  came  to  Rockford  April  10,  1874; 
Mr.  Hill  is  Supt.  of  the  manufactory  of  E. 
Smith  &  Co.,  and  by  profession  engineer 
and  mechanical  designer. 

Hill  Emanuel,  stone  mason ;  r  812  Rural ;  e  s. 

Hill  E.  N.  r607  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Hill  Edwin  N.,  Jr.  check  clerk  C.  <t  N.  W. 
R.  R. ;  609  Morgan ;  w  s. 

HILL  FRANK  K.  Physician  and 
Surgeon;  office  and  residence  611  East 
State  St. ;  born  in  Gaines,  Orleans  Co  ,  N. 
Y.,  Sept.  23,  1851 ;  married  Sarah  R.  Wil- 
helm,  July  31,  1873;  she  was  born  in 
Spring  Water,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mar. 
21,  1855;  thej'  have  one  child,  Ermie  W., 
born  June  24,  1874;  the  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Hill 
are  members  of  the  Centennial  M.  E. 
Church;  the  Dr.  attended  one  full  course 
of  lectures  at  the  University  of  New  York 
Medical  Department,  in  1872  and  1873 ;  he 
graduated  from  the  N.  Y.  Homeopathic 
Medical  College,  class  of  1874  and  1875 ; 
Mrs.  S.  A.  Wi'lhelm  (Mrs.  Hill's  mother) 
resides  at  611  E.  State  St.;  she  was  born  in 
Bennington,  Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June 
30,  1830;  she  came  to  Rockford  Sept.  15, 
1875 ;  she  has  two  cliildren ;  she  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Centennial  M.  E.  Church;  her 
husband,  Benjamin  F.  Wilhelm,  died  at 
Spring  Water,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. 

Hill  Capt.  Harmon,  r  916  Rockton  av. 

Hill  Henry,  r  812  Rural ;  e  s. 

Hill  James  E.  bds  City  Hotel. 

Hill  John,  machinist;  r  1210  Rock;  s  s. 

HillJ.  C.  r911  Benton;  e  s. 


Hill  J.  M.  blacksmith;  r  404  N.  Third;  e  s. 

HILL,  JOSKPH  n.  Dealer  in  Butter, 
Eggs,  Pouliry,  vice  ,  309  W.  Slate  st. ;  resi- 
dence 302  N.  Court  st. ;  born  in  England, 
Sept.  16,  1847;  came  to  Rockford  in  1864; 
was  in  grocery  store  several  years;  has 
been  engaged  in  present  business  6  years; 
married  Mary  Jane  Biidgiand;  she  was 
born  in  Seward,  thi-^  Co.,  April  30,  1850; 
Mr.  Hill  is  a  member  of  the  Episcopal 
Church;  Mrs.  IL  is  a  member  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church. 

HILLIARH  MARTINI,  Dealer  in 
Groceries,  Flour  and  Provisions,  509  E. 
State  St. ;  residence  1201  Third  av. ;  born 
in  Stockholm,  Sweden,  Sept.  25,  1818; 
came  to  America  in  1842;  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  1870 ;  married  Emily  Long ;  she 
died  Nov.,  1873;  two  children  living: 
Joseph  and  Emily;  lost  two  children ;  Mr. 
Hilliard  is  a  member  of  the  Swedish  Meth- 
odist Church. 

Hilman  Harry  P.  r  805  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Hinckley  A.  F.  jeweler,  203  W.  State ;  r  304 
N.  Church. 

Hinckley  Chas.  F.  r  1508  Charles;  e  s. 

Hinckley  Chas.  C.  r  cor  Fifth  av  and  Ninth. 

Hinkley  Anson,  r  School,  w  of  fair  ground. 

Hinkley  James,  r  School,  w  of  fair  ground. 

Hiudes  H.  F.  r  S.  Eighth,  cor  Eleventh  av. 

Hinds  Elisha  W.  peddler;  r  906  Horsman. 

Hislop  James,  baker;  bds  325  W.  State. 

Hitchcock  A.  ngt  Forest  City  Ins  Co;  r 
Fourth  av,  cor  Ninth. 

Hitchcock  G.  J.  drugst;  bds  Holland  House. 

Hitchcock  C.  H.  r  S.  Main,  cor  Lincoln  av. 

Hobart  Edward,  r  901  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Hobart  J.  A.  mechanic ;  r  909  S.  Court;  ss. 

Hobart  T.  J.  mechanic;  r  502  Kent;  s  s. 

HODGSOlf  J.  WM.  Grocer,  327  E. 
State  St.;  residence  405  S.  Third  st. ;  born 
in  Canada,  Oct.  9,  1841;  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  1867;  married  Libbie  Pentecost; 
she  was  born  in  England ;  they  have  two 
children,  Carrie  and  Walter. 

Hoduet  J.  cabinet  mkr  ■.  r  1105  S.Niuth,W.A. 

Hoepfner  Heury,  painter;  r  203  E.  State. 

Hoffman  O.J.  cigar  mkr ;  bds  704  N.Main  ;e  s. 

Hogan  John,  bds  W.  S.  Wilkins. 

Hog^AVilliam,  carp ;  r  708  Rock ;  e  s. 

Holcomb  F.  W.  r  Kent,  bet  S.  Church  and 
Main ;  s  s. 

Holcomb  Moses,  painter;  r  803  N.  First;  e  s. 

Holcomb  H.  W.  employe  A.  Vanlnwagen; 
bds  506  W.  State. 

Holcomb  Thos.  G.  r  203  Pecatonica ;  w  s. 

Holeham  Pairick,  lab;  r  1005  East;  s  s. 

HOLLANH,   MRS.   €.    FANJfY, 

Widow   of  John   A.Holland;  her  father 
was  Dr.  Isaiah  C.  Goodhue,  who  was  born 


494 


WINNEBAGO   COUNIT   DraECTOBY: 


ill  Putney,  Vt,  in  1800 ;  he  emigrated  to 
Cliicago  in  1832,  where  he  practiced  his 
profession  until  1838,  when  he  came  to 
Rockford  to  reside ;  he  married  Catherine 
Dunn,  in  St.  Thomas,  Canada,  in  1832; 
she  died  in  1874;  Dr.  Goodhue  was  killed 
from  falling  into  a  well,  while  attending 
one  of  his  patients,  in  1847.  John  A. 
Holland  was  born  Sept.  24,  1815,  in  Mor- 
gantowu,  Va.,  and  died  Sept.  30,  1855 ;  he 
was  married  twice ;  first,  to  Maria  Louisa 
Curtis;  his  children  by  this  marriage, 
Hosmer  P.,  Wm.  H.,  Eleanor  (Mrs.  Guy 
H.  Cutting),  John  A.  and  Charles;  his  last 
wife  was  Catharine  Fanny  Goodhue,  who 
now  survives  him;  the  children  by  this 
marriage  that  reached  maturity  are  Sam- 
uel and  Philip  C. ;  Mr.  Holland  was  a 
prominent  lawyer  and  banker  of  Rockford 
and  was  prominently  identified  with  the 
interests  of  this  city ;  the  present  prosper- 
ity of  Rockford  is  largely  due  to  his  vig- 
orous efforts  to  add  everything  possible  to 
the  advancement  of  the  interests  of  the 
public;  too  much  praise  could  not  be 
spoken  of  the  enterprise  and  public  spirit 
manifested  by  him;  his  loss  has  been 
deeply  felt  by  all  who  knew  him. 

HOLLAND,  FERGUftOX  &  CO., 

Real  Estate  and  Loan  Agents  and  Ab- 
stracters of  Titles;  Conveyancing  done, 
etc. ;  Office  in  Price's  Block,  under  Peo- 
ples Savings  Bank. 

HOLLAND  H.  P.  Secy,  and  Treas. 
of  the  Rockford  Watch  Co.;  residence 
Harlem  av;  born  in  Millersburg,  O.,  Jan. 
15,  1838 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1846 ;  mar- 
ried Laura  Blinn,  Nov.  21,  1865;  she  was 
born  in  Rockton,  this  Co.,  in  Nov.,  1846 ; 
they  have  five  children;  Mr.  Holland  is 
senior  member  of  the  firm  of  Holland, 
Ferguson  &  Co. ;  he  is  also  U.  S.  Commis- 
sioner and  Notary  Public. 

Holland  Philip,  r  720  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Holland  S.  dentist;  r  612  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Hollem  Andrew,  salesman ;  r  606  Elm ;  w  s. 

Hollem  Albert,  r  606  Elm;  w  s. 

Hollem  J.  H.  tailor,  L  Bacharach ;  r  305  S.  5th. 

Hollem  Laus,  r  605  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 

Hollem  P.  G.  machi^ist;  r  605  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 

Hollenbeck  C.  E.  bds  610  Kishwaukee. 

Holly  F.  A.  asst  engr  waterwks ;  r  607  Loomis. 

Holly  T.  R.  agt  Rockford  Ins  Co;  r  Long- 
wood,  n  of  E.  State. 

Holly  S.T.  chief  engr  waterwks ;  r  607  Loomis. 

Holman  Rev.  Thomas,  r  205  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Holmen  John,  tailor;  r  610  Sixth. 

Holmes  E.  M.  bkpr;  bds  122  S.  Second. 

Holmes  Rev.  Israel  C.  r  201  S.  First;  e  s. 

Holmes  Rev.  Mead,  r  201  S.  First;  e  s. 

Holmes  Wm.  r  608  Knowlton ;  s  s. 

Holmin  August,  tailor ;  r  405  S.  Second ;  e  s. 

Holmquist  A.  cutter;  r  305  S.  Seventh;  e  s. 


Holmquist  E.  P.  blacksmith;    r  Ferguson 

bet  Loomis  and  Hulin;  s  s. 
Holmquist  John,  r  Seminary  s  of  R.  R. 
Holmquist  P.  E.  r  Seminary  n  limits. 
Holmquist  Swan,  carp ;  r  302  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Holt  Charles,  carp ;  r  909  Second  av ;  e  s. 
Holt  C,  Jr.,  moulder ;  r  909  Second  av ;  e  s. 
Homewood  David,  carp ;  r  406  Green ;  w  s. 

HOOD  DAlflEL.  X.  Professor  of 
Music  in  Rockford  Female  Seminary; 
residence  305  S.  Third  st. ;  born  in  Salem, 
Mass.,  Sept.  25,  1834;  came  to  Rockford  in 
March,  1858;  for  the  last  11  years  he  has 
been  Organist  of  the  Second  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Chicago;  there  every  Sabbath 
during  this  period ;  he  married  Jennie 
Greenough ;  she  was  born  in  Boston, 
Mass. ;  they  have  three  daughters,  Nettie, 
Carrie,  and  Genevieve;  Mr.  Hood  has 
been  a  Teacher  of  Music  since  1855 ;  has 
been  Professor  of  Music  in  Rockford 
Female  Seminary  ever  since  instituted. 

Hooley  John,  lab ;  r  1004  River ;  s  s. 

Hopkins  A.  B.  agt. ;  r  Prospect. 

Hopkins  W.W.  teaming ;  r  Corbin  cor  Blake. 

Horan  Patrick,  lab;  r  721  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Horan  Thomas,  mason ;  r  607  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Horsman  Charles  F.  r  306  Chestnut ;  w  s. 

Horsman  E.  A.  r  504  Mulberry. 

HOi^KIlN'  JAMES,  Blacksmith  with 
Briggs  &  Enoch;  residence  1104  S.  Win- 
nebago St.;  born  in  England,  Aug.  16, 
1847;  came  to  Chicago  m  May,  1872; 
came  to  Rockford  in  June,  1876;  married 
Charlotte  Squire,  Feb.  28,  1871;  she  was 
born  in  Exeter,  England,  in  1846;  they 
have  two  children,  Mary,  born  July  9, 
1873,  and  Clara,  Sept.  12,  1875;  Mr.  H. 
has  worked  at  Blacksmith's  trade  since  he 
was  fourteen  years  of  age. 

Hoskin  Thomas,  r  706  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Hosmar  A.  J.  butcher;  r  cor  Winnebago 
and  Green ;  w  s. 

Hosmer  C.C.stockdlr;r  Green  corWinnebago. 

Hough  D.  S.  grocer ;  r  602  Court ;  e  s. 

HOUGH  JAMES  F.  Foreman 
Blacksmithing  Department  of  N.  C. 
Thompson's  Manufactories;  residence 
404  South  Cluirch  st. ;  born  in  War- 
wickshire, England,  December  25,  1842; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1845;  engaged 
in  farming  about  six  years;  then  com- 
menced working  at  his  trade;  worked  in 
Beloit  one  year;  carried  on  a  blacksmith 
shop  here  and  at  Sterling;  began  work 
with  Clark  &  Utter  in  1856;  continued 
with  them  until  1861,  when  he  commenced 
work  for  N.  C.  Thompson,  and  has  con- 
tinned  with  him  ever  since ;  married  Fan- 
nie Wrench,  Dec.  3,  1861 ;  she  was  born 
in  England ;  they  have  two  children,  Mary 
and  Francis  J. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hough  are 
Protestants. 


ROOKFORD   CITY. 


495 


Housraau  M.  teamster ;  r  804  South ;  s  s. 
Houston  James,  macliinist;  r  1004  East;  s  s. 
Hovey  Edmund,  employe  Samuel  Meredith. 
Hovey  L.  A.  hds  90!)  N.  Court.,  w  s. 
Howard  Geo.,  printer  Gazette;  bds  S.  Main. 
Howard  H.  messenger  Amer  Ex  Co. 
Howard  John  J.  barber;  118  S.  Main. 
Howarth  Allen,  weaver;  r  1001  River;  s  s. 
Howe  Henry  R.  r  1301  S.  Main ;  s  s. 
Howell  Ezra,  r  801  N.  Court;  w  s. 
Howell  J.B.books  408  E.State ;  r  1210  E.State. 
Howes  H.  H.  r  1013  E.  State. 

HOWES  PHIXEAS,  Capitalist;  re- 
sides at  1013  East  State  st.;  born  in  South- 
east Putnam  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  25,  1817; 
served  apprenticeship  as  carpenter  in  his 
native  town ;  came  to  Rockford  in  June, 
1839;  worked  at  his  trade  until  about  the 
year  1850;  he  was  engaged  in  partnership 
with  John  Lake  in  the  lumber  business ; 
he  was  two  years  in  the  coal  trade,  but 
for  several  j'ears  past  his  principal  busi- 
ness has  been  that  of  loaning  money ;  he 
married  Maria  Barnum,  Oct.  3,  1839 ;  she 
was  born  in  Danbury,  Fairtield,  Co.,  Conn., 
Feb.  yO,  1811;  they  have  three  children, 
Ellen  C,  Herbert  H.,  and  L.  Cora;  Mr. 
Howes  was  Alderman  sevei'al  years, 
always  taking  an  active  interest  in  the 
material  welfare  of  Rockford  and  Winne- 
bago Co. 

Howie  David,  r  910  First  av. 

Howland  Alfred,  carp ;  r  608  North ;  w  s. 

Hoyt  C.  L.  watchmaker ;  r  502  S.  Second ;  e  s. 

Huber  Frederick,  lab;  r  High;  w  s. 

Hudler  Clark,  elk ;  bds  510  Morgan ;  s  s. 

HITDLER  WILBUR  F.  Dealer  in 
Dry  Goods,  Groceries,  Boots  and  Shoes, 

^  etc.,  828  S.  Main  st. ;  residence  510  Morgan 

~st.,  South  Side;  born  in  Fallsburg,  Sulli- 
van Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  1,  1835;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1867;  married  Clarinda 
Braden,  Sept.  23,  1872 ;  she  was  born  in 
Greenfield,  Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  they  have 
one  child,  John ;  Mr.  H.  served  four  years 
and  four  months  in  Co.  K.,  56th  Regt. 
N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Hudson  Geo.  A.  farmer;  r  810  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Hughston  James,  farmer;  r  1508 Charles;  es. 

Huguet  Chas  M.  bds  108  N.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Huke  Geo.  W.  carp ;  r  605  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Humeston  Frank  E.  elk;  r  1106  River;  s  s. 

Humeston  O.  nr  S.  Main;  r  1106  River;  s  s. 

Humeston W.H.carriagemkr;r  1102  S.Church 

HrXTIiEY  MISS  E.  5f.  Physician 
and  Surgeon,  office  and  residence  204 
North  First  st. ;  born  in  Columbia,  Herki- 
mer Co.,  N.  Y. ;  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  111., 
in  1857 ;  ?he  studied  medicine  tliree  ^ears 
with  Dr.  Chas.  Tompkins,  of  Lewiston, 
Fulton  Co.,  111.,  as  Preceptor;  graduated 


from  medical  department  of  the  Michigan 
University,  class  of  1873;  she  is  also  a 
graduate  of  VVhitestown  Seminary,Whites- 
town,  N.  Y. ;  has  practiced  medicine  in 
Rockford  since  1873;  she  is  a  member 
of  Westminster  Presbyterian  Ciiurch. 

Huntley  Frank  D.  painter  ;r  601  Kishwaukee. 

Hunt  H.  H.  carp;  r  1107  Ferguson;  s  s. 

Hurd  Benj.  r  501  Catlin:  e  s. 

Hurd  Jos.  watch  maker ;  r  Lincoln  av. 

HIIRI^BUT  DE  I.OS,  Carpenter  and 
Joiner,  305  S.  Church  st. ;  born  in  Groton, 
N.  Y.,  April  11,  1844;  married  Sarah  A. 
Preston,  July  2,  1868;  she  was  born  in 
Camden,  N.  Y. ;  they  have  three  children, 
Julia  Florence,  Marcus  L.  and  Cora  May; 
they  lost  two  children  ftwins);  Mr.  H. 
served  three  years  in  Co.  F,  109th  N.Y.  V.I. 

Hutchins  Chas.  blacksmith,  512  E.  State. 

Hutchins  J.  blacksmith,  512  E.  State;  r  308 
N.  Third. 

Hyland  J.  r  901  Third  av. 

Hyland  L.  W.  r  901  Third  av. 


I 


CKERBACK  JOHN,  r  1101  Third  av. 


Ick  John,  bds  901  Fourth  av. 
Idellar  M.  merchants'  police;  r  1110  Elm. 
Illing  E.  J.  tinsmith;  bds  410  S.  Main;  w  s. 
Inman  S.  moving  buildings;  r  1103 East;  ss. 
Inman  Wm.  N.  r  1103  East;  s  s. 
Ireton  S.  H.  r  404  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Irons  Reuben  H.  r  408  N.  First ;  e  s. 
Irvine  J.  W.  salesman ;  r  406  N.  Court ;  w  s, 
Isaacson  A.  lab ;  r  Winnebago,  n  Whitman. 
Isbell  J.  B.  mason ;  r  Corbin,  cor  Loomis. 
Itzen  Frederick,  carp ;  bds  Hardy ;  room  407 
Mulberry. 

JACKSON  A.  M.  watch  maker;   bds  308 
Walnut ;  e  s. 

Jackson  F.  A.  cigarmaker ;  bds  Forest  City 

House. 
Jackson  — ,  r  604  Oak ;  e  s. 
Jacobson  Jacob,  tailor ;  r  308  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Jacobson  John,  r  Ninth  av,  cor  S.  Eighth. 
Jacobson  Jos.  r  610  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Jacobs  A.  D.  painter;  r  508  Knowlton;  s  s. 
Jacobs  V.  R.  painter;  r  306  S.  Church;  w  s. 
James  Geo.  blacksmith ;  r  1205  S.  Main ;  s  s. 
James  Walter,  emp  Geo.  Bradley ;   r  706  N. 

Winnebago;  w  s. 
Jasperson  Chas.  miller;  r  514  Union;  e  s. 
Jasperson  J.  bds  Peter  Freeberg ;  Park ;  e  s. 
Jeanmaire  Paul,  watchmkr ;  r  606  Rock ;  e  s. 
Jeffrey  John,  mechanic ;  r  304  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 
Jenkins  A.  carp ;  r  306  N.  First ;  e  s. 
Jenkins  Wm.  H.  r  rear  813  Pecatonica. 
Jens  N.  barber  shop,  312  W.State ;  r  708  Elm. 


496 


WINNEBAGO    COtJNTY    DIRECTORY  t 


Jeratt  Win.  r  202  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Jilson  Whipple,  fanner;  r  316  N.  Avon. 
Johnson  Aaron,  coopr ;  r  502  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Johnson  A.  emp  Emerson,  Talcott  &  Co. ;  r 
410  S.  Sixth. 

JOHNSOX  A.  €.  Superintendent  of 
the  Forest  City  Furniture  Co.,  Woodruffs 
Addition,  coi-ner  of  Railroad  av.  and  Sev- 
enth St. ;  residence  on  Eighth  St.,  Wood- 
ruff's Addition;  born  in  Sweden,  Aug.  16, 
1836 ;  came  to  Chicago  in  Oct.,  1854;  re- 
moved to  St.  Ciiarles,  Kane  Co.,  111.,  in 
Dec,  1854,  and  came  to  Rockford  June  10, 
1855;  was  engaged  in  the  business  of  car- 
penter and  cabinet  maker  until  1864,  when 
he  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  sash, 
doors  and  blinds;  engaged  in  the  furniture 
business  in  1869,  and  has  continued  in  that 
line  to  the  present  time ;  became  connect- 
ed with  the  Forest  City  Co.  in  1875;  he 
married  for  his  fir-it  wife  Mary  Howkan- 
son,  of  Sweden;  she  died  Jan.  5,  1860; 
they  had  three  children,  all  now  living; 
Hilda  Sophia,  Theodore  and  Caroliue; 
present  wife  was  Hilma  Augusta  Zelen; 
married  June  4,  1874;  they  have  one 
daughter,  Alma  Olivia;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Johnson  are  members  of  the  Lutheran 
Church. 

Johnson  A.G.  cabt  mkr ;  r  8. 8th,  cor  10th  av. 

Johnsim  A.  L.  city  express;  r  704  George. 

Johnson  Albert,  lab;  r  509  N. Main;  e  s. 

Johnson  Albert,  lab;  r  508  S.  Sixth;  e  s. 

Johnson  A.  cabinetmkr ;  r  8th,  cor  4th  av. 

Johnson  Alfred,  r  e  end  Fifth  av. 

Johnson  Alfred,  blacksmith  A.  Neumeister; 
bds  same. 

Johnson  Andrew,  r  410  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Johnson  Andrew,  r  118  W.  Third;  e  s. 

Johnson  Andrew  S.,  r  804  Fifth  av ;  e  s. 

Johnson  And.  W.  miller;  r  509  S.  First;  e  s. 

Johnson  C.G.  tailor  I.  Bacharach;  r  Seventh. 

Johnson  C.  lab;  r  s  end  S.  Seventh;  W.  A. 

Johnson  Chas.  emp  John  T.  Lakin. 

Johnson  Chas,  lab;  bds  722  N.  Eirst;  e  s. 

Johnson  Chas.  lab ;  r  901  Third  av. 

Johnson  Chas.  r  S.  Eighth ;  W.  A. 

Johnson  C.  F.  carp;  r  712  JS".  Church;  w  s. 

Johnson  Claus,  carp;  r  910  Fifth  av. 

Johnson  Dr.  E.  J.  dentist;  r  107  N.  1st;  e  s. 

JOHNM>X      &      MIKZIISGER, 

Dealers  in  Fruits,  Oysters,  Confectionery, 
Cigars  and  Fancy  Groceries ;  Proprietors 
of  Oyster  and  Ice  Cream  Parlors,  125  W. 

State  St. 

JOHXSON  FBANKIilX,  residence 
over  123  W.  State  st. ;  born  in  Alabama, 
Genessee  Co.,  N.Y.,  Nov.  1,1837 ;  removed 
to  Madison,  Wis.,  in  1853;  lived  there  two 
years;  then  came  to  Rockford  in  1855; 
married   Almira  E.  Thayer,  of  Schuyler 


Co.,  N.  Y. ;  they  have  one  child,  Nettie  L., 
born  Jan.  1,  1865;  Mr.  J.  served  two  years 
in  Co.  C,  15th  I.  V.  I.;  enlisted  as  private, 
mustered  out  as  Corporal. 

Johnson  Fred'k,  lab;  r  511  S.  First;  e  s. 

Johnson  Fred  H.  r  801  Pecatonica. 

Johnson  Geo.  tailor;  r  311  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 

Johnson  G.  F.  watchmaker ;  r  519  E.  State. 

Johnson  Gust,  emp  F.  H.Manny ;  room  same. 

Johnson  Gust,  lab ;  r  402  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Johnson  Gust,  mason;  r  716  N.  First;  e  s. 

Johnson  Isaac  A.  r  801  Pecatonica. 

Johnson  Jno.  P.  tailor;  r  S.  Fourth;  e  s. 

Johnson  J.  P.  tailor;  bds  C.  Henry. 

Johnson  Jas.  teamster;  r  n  end  George;  w  s. 

Johnson  Jas.farm ;  r  School  w  of  fairground. 

Johnson  Jens,  cooper;  r  1404  Third  av. 

Johnson  Jno.  cooper;  r  405  S.  Second;  e  s. 

Johnscm  Jno.  painter:  r  207  N.  Second  ;  e  s. 

Johnson  T.  A.  R.  employe  B.  &  Sames;  r  410 
S.  Fourth. 

Johnson  John,  lab;  r  214  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Johnson  John,  lab;  r  403  S.  Fourth;  e  s. 

Johnson  Jos.  plumber;  r  407  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Johnson  K.  pressman  Gazette;  r  1404  3d  av. 

Johnson  Benj.  lab;  r  1107  Second  av;  e  s. 

Johnson  Nich.  moulder ;  r  405  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Johnson  Ole,  r  704  Fourth  av;  e.  s. 

Johnson  Oscar,  r  722  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Johnson  Oscar,  lab;  r  901  Fourth  av;  e  s. 

Johnson  Peter,  r  209  S.  West;  w  s. 

Johnson  Peter,  tailor ;  r  403  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Johnson  Peter,  mechanic ;  r  503  S.  First,  e  s 

Johnson  S.  A.  r  402  Kishwaukee. 

Johnson  Sam'l,  wire  works;  r  118  N.  3d;  e  s. 

Johnson  Sam'l,  mechanic ;  r  307  Bluff;  e  s. 

Johnson  S.  G.  tailor ;  r  S.  Fourth. 

Johnson  Thos.  G.  painter ;  r  207  N.  2d ;  e  s. 

JOHXSON  W.  €}.  House,  Sign  and 
Carriage  Painter  and  Grainer,  514  E. 
State  St. ;  residence  209  N.  Fourth  st. ;  Mr. 
Johnson  deals  extensively  in  Paints,  Oils, 
Varnishes,  Glass,  Brushes,  and  painters' 
materials  of  every  description. 

Johnson  W.  P,  r  901  Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Johnson  W.  A.  painter ;  r  207  N.  2d ;  e  s. 
Johnson  W.  W.  piano  stools ;  r  S.  Nmth,  cor 

Thirteenth  av. 
Johnson  Wm.  r306  S.  West. 

Johnson ,  musician ;  r  over  328  E.  State 

Johnson  Chas.  tailor ;  r  607  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Johnson  W.  J.  book  agt;  r  over  328  E.  State. 
Johnston  A.  M.  oat  meal ;  r  309  N.  Main ;  ws. 
Johnston  J.  S.blacksmth;  r  505  Kishwaukee. 
Johnston  Morton,  r  610  Mulberry. 
Jones  Benj.  harnessmkr;  r  804  Pecatonica. 


(/ 


I'    0 


ROCKFORD   CITY. 


497 


Jones  Benj.  bds  118  N.  First;  e  s.         .. 

jrO'^'Ks"  <\VSSIITS   O.  Tel l.T  Second 

IN'atioiial    liuLik;    rfsidrnc-L'    ."iuy    Kocktou 

av. ;  boru  iil  Senecu  Fulls,  N.   Y.,  May  8, 

1845;  came  to  Rockford  in  1868;  has  been 

^  with   the   Second    National   Bank   nearly 

/.Jntrnt-veurs;  married  Mary  D.  Hankinson, 

, A  l)v!c.  27,  1869 ;  she  is  a  daughter  of  Dr.  G. 

ylf^  Hankinson,    of   Manaliawkin,   N.  J.; 

(     aave  one  child,  Grace  L.,  who  was  born 

(    April  5,  1874.  ^a^^d  (^.^'  .'■  o  Ci^tAJh^e\r 

Jones  David,  carp;  r  506  W.  State,    .jjj, 

Jones  Ellis  L.  r  808  Ferguson. — 

Jones  H.  A.  mechanic;  r  906  Ferguson;  s  s. 
Jones  H.  K.  carp ;  r  201  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Jones  John,  plasterer;  r  501  E.  State. 

JONES  J.  HERVA,  Sup't  Emer- 
son, Talcott  &  Co.  Manufacturing  Works ; 
residence  710  S.  Main  st. ;  born  in  Canan- 
daigua,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  20,  1827;  lived  in 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  until  19  years  of  age; 
came  to  Byron,  Ogle  Co.,  111.,  in  1846; 
when  only  12  years  of  age,  he  commenced 
work  in  machine  shops,  and  has  continued 
to  work  in  different  mechanical  depart- 
ments ever  since;  he  removed  to  Rock- 
ton  in  1847,  where  he  remained  until 
he  came  to  Rockford  in  1863;  since 
1869  he  has  superintended  the  entire 
works  of  the  firm  with  which  he  is  now 
connected;  in  1854  he  invented  the  first 
hand  corn  planter  which  was  ever  made, 
M'hich  remains  a  staple  planter  at  this 
time,  being  extensively  manufactured 
by  Emerson,  Talcott  &  Co. ;  he  is  the  in- 
ventor of  very  many  other  implements, 
machines  and  improvements,  among 
which  may  be  mentioned.  Self  Rakes,  at- 
tached to  the  Manny  Reaper,  Broadcast 
Seeders,  Riding,  Combined  and  Walking 
Cultivators,  Horse  Power  Equalizers, 
Horse  Corn  Planters,  improvements  on  the 
Marsh  Harvesters,  etc. ;  he  is  one  of  the 
Directors  of  the  Public  Library;  was  Co. 
Supervisor  of  the  5th  ward  in  1873  and 
1874 ;  married  Paulina  P.  Austin,  daughter 
of  Sewell  Austin,  of  Shirland,  who  came 
here  in  1840 ;  they  have  one  son  and  one 
daughter. 

JONES  J.  PRYNNE,  Attorney  at 
Law ;  office  over  Rockford  ISTational  Bank ; 
residence  206  S.  Main  st. ;  East  Side ;  born 
in  Warren,  Ohio,  Aug.  14,  1852 ;  came  to 
Rockford  in  June,  1876;  admitted  to  the 
bar  at  Boonsboro,  Iowa,  in  Jan.,  1875 ;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  this  state  in  1876. 

Jones  P.  with  Graham  &  Co. ;  r  808  Ferguson. 

JONES,    WOODRUFF    &    CO., 

Manufacturers  of  the  celebrated  IXL 
Wind  Engines  and  Iron  Pumps;  Deep 
Well  Pumps  with  the  "  Mills  Patent  Cyl- 
inder" a  specially;  Office,  No.  119  Court 
St.,  west  of  Court-house  square. 

Jones  Samuel  N.  pumps,  etc. ;  r  1019  W.State. 

Jones  T.  W.  meat  market ;  r  501  E.  State. 

87 


Jonestrang  S.  r  street  from  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 

JOSI.IN  JAMES  T.  Clerk  and  Book- 
keeper for  F.  K.  ct  W.  H.  Dunshee ;  resi- 
dence at  205  N.  Third  st..  East  Side;  born 
in  Nichols,  Tioga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  12,  1859; 
came  to  Rockford  in  Oct.,  1867 ;  he  is  a 
member  of  Washingtcn  Camp,  P.  O.  S.  of  A. 

Joyce  M.  (Walsh  ik  Jo^^ce),  r  1005  Third  av. 

Judd  O.  H.  salesnian;  r  305  N.  Avon;  w  s. 

Julian  Stephen  T.,  K.  Bros,  paper  mill;  r 
Wall,  n  S.  West;  s  s. 


K 


ALLSTRAND  C.  A.  painter;   bds  513 
E.  State. 
Kalistrand  Charles,  room. 
Kane  John,  r  320  W.  State. 
Kasten  Gust,  r  723  N.  First;  e  s. 
Kastholm  E.  L.  stone-cutter ;  r  504  Mulberry. 
Katzung  Jos.  butcher ;  r  1010  S.  Church ;  s  s. 
Kaufman  Albert  G.  r  1411  Charles;  e  s. 
Kaufman  A.  D.  cigar  maker;  r  1114  Charles. 

KAUFFHAN  AUtmST,  Proprietor 
Meat  Market,  820  S.  Main  st. ;  South  Side; 
residence  cor  Church  and  Moniague  sis. ; 
born  in  Germany,  Aug.  31,  1834;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1854;  he  has  been  engaged  in 
present  business  about  18  years;  married 
Elizabeth  Katzung;  they  have  five  chil- 
dren :  Louisa,  Anuie,  Edward,  Charles  and 
Minnie ;  they  have  lost  one  son. 

Kaufl^man  Leo.  butcher ;  bds  818  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Kaye  Geo.  hardware,  405  W.  State ;  r  610  W. 
State. 

Kaye  Geo.,  Jr.,  r  610  W.  State. 

Keefe  Daniel,  lab ;  r  1109  Rock ;  s  s. 

Keegan  Thomas,  r  1211  Rock;  s  s. 

KEEIiER  NORMAN  A.  Dealer  in 
Fashionable  Millinery,  Patterns,  etc.,  208 
W.  State  St. ;  residence  same  No. ;  born  in 
Farmington,  Ontario  Co.,*N'.  Y.,  Sept.  26, 
1833 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1874 ;  he  came 
to  Dclevan,  Wis.,  in  1840 ;  married  Maria 
E.  Peels,  Aug.  26,  1858 ;  she  was  born  in 
Pike,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  26,  1836 ;  they  have  two 
children:  Minnie,  born  in  LaGrange,  Mo., 
April  11,  I860;  Harry  B.  was  born  in  Del- 
evan.  Wis.,  Jan.  16,  1864;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Keeler  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Keeling  Frank,  carp ;  r  1006  Elm ;  w  s. 

Keeling  John,  painter;  r  1108  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Keeling  Thomas  M.  r  1006  Elm ;  w  s. 

Keeling  S.  moulder;  r  1108  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Keeling  Thomas  M.  r  1006  Elm. 

Keeling  Wm.  M.  r  1108  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Keeling  W.  tailor ;  r  205  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 

Keeley  Michael,  lab;  r  211  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Keeney  A.  W.  paper  mill ;  r  1009  West ;  s  s. 

Keeney  E.  M.  bkpr  Globe  Paper  Mills,  Rock- 
ford, and  Enterprise  Paper  Mills,  Wil- 
mington ;  r  same. 

Keeney  John  D.  paper  mill ;  r  810  Blake ;  s  s. 


498 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIRECTORY: 


Keeney  M.  D.  paper  mill ;  r  Wilmington. 
Keig  Edward,  1102  Third  av;  e  s. 
Keith  C.  H.  r  cor  E.  Seminary-  and  S.  3d ;  e  s. 
Keith  James  L.  r  W.  State  near  limits. 
Kelley  John,  blacksmith ;  bds  610  Court ;  e  s. 
Kelley  Wm.  lab;  bds  207  S.  Water;  e  s. 
Kelly  Francis  H.carp;  r  Corbin  cor  Loomis. 
Kellogg  B.  J.  dentist  over  308  W.  State ;  r 

210  N.  First. 
Kellogg  Geo.  F.  bkpr ;  r  1005  S.  Court ;  s  s. 
Kellogg  J.  K.  r  113  N.  Winnebago;  w  s. 
Kellogg  N.  S.  butcher;  r  113  N".  Winnebago. 
Kelley  Richard,  blacksmith;  r  903  Cedar. 
Kelley  S.  D.  r  1125  W.  State. 
Kelsey  A.  M.  dentist  307  W.  State ;  r  301  S. 

Winnebago. 
Kendlehardt  Fred,  r  708  Elm ;  w  s. 
Keunish  John,  harnessmaker  Elm  bet  Main 

and  Church;  r  1002  Elm;  w  s. 
Kennedy  A.  papermkr;  bds 308 S. Main;  ws. 
Kennedy  John  M.  employe  gas  works;   bds 

Holland  House. 
Keogh  Richard,  watchmaker. 
Kern  John  M.  tailor;  r  512  Hill;  e  s. 
Kerr  Andrew  R.  lab ;  r  107  Peach ;  w  s. 
Kerr  J.  B.  r  518  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Kerr  Rev.  Dr.  T.  pastor  Christian  Union ;  r 

518  N.  Church. 
Kerr  Wm.  painter ;  r  608  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Kessler  Aaron  H.  elk  City  Hotel ;  r  same. 
Kessler  George,  r  110  Mulberry. 
Kessler  Henry,  blacksmith;  r  110  Mulberry. 

KE$$SI.£R  JERRY,  With  F.  K.  and 
W.  H.  Dunshee ;  residence  308  N.  Fourth 
St.,  East  Side;  born  in  Centre  Co.,  Pa., 
Jan.  26,  1838 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  the  fall 
of  1870 ;  married  Eliza  Jane  Morey,  Jan. 
12,  1868;  was  in  the  army  during  the 
rebellion  about  two  years  and  a  half; 
served  four  montlis  in  Co.  E.,  141st  Regt. 
I.  V.  I. ;  balance  of  the  time  in  Co.  A., 
147th  Regt.  I.  V.  I.;  Mr.  Kessler  is  a 
member  of  Winnebago  Lodge,  JHo.  31, 
I.  O.  O.  F.,  also  of  Rockford  Encampment, 
No.  44,  I.  O.  O.  F. 

Kettlewell  Thomas  P.  meat  market  501  E. 

btate;  r  113  N.  First;  e  s. 
Keyes  C.  E.  road  master ;  r  309  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Keyes  Fred  A.  r  309  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Keyt  D.architect  and  builder  117  N.Main  ;w  s 
Keyte  George,  r  606  Rockton  av. 
Keyt  James,  mason,  r  707  W.  State. 
Keyt  Wm.  R.  r  117  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Kiihl  Charles,  cigarmaker ;  bds  W.  State. 
Kiley  Wm.  teaming;  r  610  S.  Fifth. 
Killey  J.  W.  blacksmith ;  404  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Kimball  Frank  H.  r  815 N.  Winnebago;  ws. 
Kimball  Henry  P.  secy  of  Winnebago  Co. 

Agricultural  Society ;  r  815  N.  Winnebago. 


Kimball  Willis  M.  r  815  N.  Winnebago. 

Kimball  P.  T.  express ;  r  1107  Ferguson  ;  s  s. 

King  Frank  C.  book-keeper;  r  307  S.  West. 

KfxO  GEORGE  E.  Assistant  Cash- 
ier Second  National  Bank;  residence  cor. 
West  and  Elm  sts. ;  born  at  Wappinger's 
Falls,  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  30,  1844; 
came  to  Rockford  in  May,  1856;  was  with 
his  father,  Wm.  G.  King,  in  mercantile 
business  until  1864,  when  he  became  con- 
nected with  the  Second  National  Bank, 
and  has  continued  with  it  ever  since ;  mar- 
ried Alice  E.  Fisher,  daughter  of  Henry 
Fisher,  who  was  one  of  the  prominent 
business  men  of  Ruckford  from  the  time 
the  railroad  reached  here  until  his  de- 
cease, in  ;  Mr.  King  has  one  daugh- 
ter. Alma  E.,  who  was  born  Oct.  22,  1871. 

King  Henry  H.  r  811  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

King  John,  r  410  S.  Court;  w  s. 

King  Henry,  r  rear  134  S.  Water;  e  s. 

King  J.  P.  seedgrower,  r  820  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Kingman  D.  at  tack  factory;  r  Cedar,  near 
S.  Court. 

Kingsbury  H.  grocer,  121  S.  Main,  w  s ;  r. 
506  N.  Main. 

Kingsley  C.  M.  painter ;  r  607  Horsman ;  w  s. 

Kirby  Edward,  carp ;  r  308  S.  Horsman. 

KirbyT.  J.  tailor,  j12  W.  State;  r  705  N. 
Second ;  e  s. 

KIRK  EEII^HA  A.  Capitalist;  re- 
sides at  305  N.  Second  St.;  born  in  East 
Nottingham,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  March  9, 
1819;  in  1824  his  father  moved  to  Dix- 
borough,  near  Ann  Harbor,  Mich. ;  about 
the  year  1825  or  '26  his  father  built  the 
first  mill  west  of  Detroit;  they  moved  to 
Branch  Co.,  Mich.,  in  1826;  came  to  Guil- 
ford, in  this  Co.,  March  6,  1837;  engaged 
in  farming  pursuits  ever  since  he  came 
here;  for  twenty  years  very  largely  en- 
gaged in  the  grain  business  in  Rockford, 
but  at  the  same  time  farming  extensively; 
married  Rachel  Dennis;  she  w.as  born 
near  St.  Thomas,  Canada;  they  have  three 
children,  Josephine  Marion,  now  Mrs. 
Samuel  Kerr,  Emeline  Elizabeth,  and 
Henrietta  Theresa;  Mr.  Kirk  and  family 
are  Universalists. 

Kirton  D.  M.  attorney  at  law,  Horsman  new 
block,  W.  State ;  r  606  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Kirton  James,  r  606  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Kirton  Jas.  H.  r  606  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Kitchen  C.  A.  dentist ;  r  507  Cherry. 

Kjellberg  And.  emp  furn  fac;  r  512  Union. 

Kjellgren  A.  painter;  r  510  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 

Kjellgren  Aug.  lab;  r  s  end  Seventh;  W.  A. 

Kjellgren  John,  lab;  r  510  S.  Seventh;  e  s. 

Kjelgren  Samuel,  painter;  r  516  Union;  e  s. 

Klein  Louis,  clothier;  bds  Holland  House. 

Kloman  L.  watchmkr;  bds  112  Second;  e  s. 

Knapp  M.  L.  318  N.  Avon ;  w  s. 


ROCKFOED    CITY. 


499 


Knapp  Riley  I.  r  807  Kent ;  s  s. 

Kniirlit  Dr.  D.  E.  108  S.  Main,  w  s;  boards 

Forest  City  House. 
Knowles  Henry,  l)utter  dealer.  Masonic  Blk ; 

r  510  North. 

KXO^VLTOX  W.ll.  A.  Manufac- 
turer of  Knowlton's  "  New  Manny  "  Com- 
bined Reaper  and  Mower;  by  careful 
manufacture  and  honest  effort,  Mr.  K.  se- 
cured the  reputation  to  the  machine 
known  as  the  "New  Manny;"  because 
that  name  is  now  used  by  others,  he  will 
hereafter  call  his  "  Knowlton's  Reaper 
and  Mower;"  valuable  improvements  re- 
cently made ;  he  also  manufactures  Knowl- 
ton's Patent  Ratchet  Beam  Cultivator, 
"Dexter,  Junior;"  also  tlie  "Eclipse" 
Riding  Cultivator,  and  Knowlton's  Hay 
Rakes— the  "  Knowlton  Rake"  and  the 
"Paddock  Rake;"  residence  302  N.  Main 
St.,  West  Side. 

Knowlton  Wm.  A.,  Jr.  r  302  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Knudson  E.  marblecutter ;  r  607  Rockton  av. 

Knutson ,  s  e  S.  Seventh ;  W.  A. 

Koplin  C.  C.  fireman;  r  715  S.  Winnebago. 
Koplin  J.  L.  engineer;  r  206  S.  West. 
Kouright  Geo.  carp;  bds  City  Hotel. 
Krone  J.  P.  mechanic ;  r  708  S.  7th ;  W.  A. 
Kruz  A.  mechanic;  r  510  Kishwaukee;  e  s. 
Kullbom  Otto,  carp ;  r  nr  S.  Park ;  e  s. 

LaCOSTE  ED.  Agent  Rockford   Watch 
Company. 

Lacy  Miles,  lab;  r  707  S.  Fourth;  e  s. 

Ladue  J.  H.  moulder;  r  1001  S.  Court;  s  s. 

LaForge  C.  C.  old  iron ;  r  803  S.  Court ;  w  s. 

LaFountain  J.  blacksmith;  r  806  Rock;  s  s. 

Lake  Adam  S.  carp ;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Lake  Chas.  N.  carp  and  cabinet  maker;  bds 

White's  Hotel. 
Lake  C.  W.  messenger  express  co ;  bds  Forest 

City  House. 

liAKE  .JOHIIir,  Whose  portrait  appears 
in  this  work,  was  bom  in  England,  March 
27,  1821.  Came  to  this  country  in  the 
summer  of  1837.  Settled  in  Rockford, 
Winnebago  County,  111.,  in  December  of 
the  same  year,  and  has  resided  here  till 
the  present  time.  Has  represented  the 
Second  Ward  of  the  city  of  Rockford  in 
her  Common  Council,  as  Alderman,  from 
May  2,  1804,  to  May  5,  1873;  has  also 
served  as  Supervisor  of  same  ward  some 
SIX  or  seven  years.  Was  extensively  en- 
gaged in  the  lumber  business  from  1850 
to  1873. 

Mr.  Lake  has  traveled  in  all  parts  of  the 
United  States,  visiting  California  in  1872. 
Showing  that  he  is  a  keen  observer  and  a 
fine  delineator  of  the  scenery  for  which 
California  is  so  famous,  I  insert  an  extract 
from  a  letter  written  to  a  friend,  and  by 


him  published,  describing  the  Yosemite 
Valley : 

"  We  will  go  by  way  of  Stockton  to  the 
Valley.  About  forty  miles  from  Stockton 
we  strike  the  foot-liills  of  the  Sierra- 
Nevada  Mountain  range,  and  for  a  dis- 
tance of  one  hundred  miles  we  cross  a 
series  of  mountain  chains  that  are  grand 
beyond  any  description  I  can  give  you. 
In  this  distance  we  ascend  to  an  elevation 
of  at  least  ten  thousand  feet  above  the 
starting  point,  at  which  point  we  are 
on  the  edge  of  the  Yosemite  Valley; 
and  now  in  a  distance  of  two  miles 
we  descend  four  thousand  feet  into  the 
Valley.  It  is  difficult  to  give  a  description 
or  to  find  compai'isons  to  give  an  impres- 
sion of  the  grandeur  of  the  scenery,  or  of 
the  lofty  precipices  surrounding  this  val- 
ley. Seek  the  highest  mountain  in  Eng- 
land, cleave  it  in  two  to  the  level  of  the 
sea,  and  you  will  scarcely  get  one  half  the 
depth  of  this  valley,  and  yet  it  is  but 
about  six  miles  long,  and  will  not  average 
over  half  a  mile  in  width.  Its  sides  are 
bare  granite;  in  places  are  depressions, 
and  the  granite  rotten  or  decomposed 
sufficiently  to  admit  of  vegetable  growth; 
in  such  phices  we  find  huge  pines  growing, 
the  roots  seeking  support  in  the  crevices 
ot  the  rock.  The  bottom  of  the  valley  is 
a  beautiful  meadow;  through  the  length 
of  the  valley  runs  the  Merced  river;  some 
parts  are  covered  with  a  heavy  growth  of 
timber;  the  meadow  is  covered  with  lux- 
uriant grasses  and  a  variety  of  flowers. 
The  height  of  the  surrounding  rocks  and 
waterfalls  is  wonderful.  Cap  of  Liberty 
is  4,600  feet  high.  This  rock  is  almost  a 
bare  granite,  and  nearly  vertical  on  all 
sides  except  to  the  east.  I  ascended  it 
alone;  no  one  in  tlie  party  had  the  cour- 
age to  try  it  with  me.  When  at  the  top, 
I  was  amply  paid  for  the  toil.  Laid 
out  before  me  was  one  of  the  finest  pano- 
ramic views  that  I  ever  set  my  eyes  upon. 
On  every  hand  mountain  peaks  covered 
with  snow,their  bases  presenting  a  growth 
of  mammoth  pine,  spruce  and  balsam. 
Inspiration  Point  is  3,200  feet  high ;  with 
a  Dr.  Highway,  of  Cincinnati,  I  ascended 
tills  point  of  rocks,  jutting  out  into  the 
Valley— at  its  extremity  not  more  than 
four  feet  wide.  We  took  our  seats  on 
this,  our  feet  hanging  over  the  sides,  and 
partook  of  our  refreshments — wnne  and 
cake.  A  slip  of  a  few  inches  would  have 
carried  us  2,000  fei't  into  the  valley  below." 

Has  visited  Europe  three  or  four  times, 
spending  nearly  a  year  in  1867,  visiting 
her  prmcipal  countries  and  cities. 

Married  Miss  Almeda  M.  Danley,  Oct. 
11, 1849 ;  her  native  place  was  Chautauqua 
Co.  N.  Y.  Have  had  seven  children: 
Sarah  E.,  born  Sept.  26,  1850;  Geo.  W., 
Jan.  17,  1852,  died  Sept.  10,  1852 ;  Jane 
Eliza,  Feb.  2, 1854;  Alice  M.,  March  23, 
1861 ;  Chas.  E.,  Dec.  3, 1862,  died  June  15, 


500 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIREOTOEY: 


1868 ;   Frank  L.,  April  5,  1865 ;   Maria  A., 
Dec.  11,  1866,  died  July  1,  1867. 

Mr.  Lake  has  retired  from  active  busi- 
ness, and  in  his  beautiful  home  is  enjoy- 
ing tlie  accumulations  of  j^ears  of  toil  in 
his  eai'ly  manhood.  He  is  the  present  act- 
ing Grand  Master  of  the  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows  for  the  State  of  111. 

Lake  J.  J.  sheet  iron  worker;  rooms  over 
401  W.  State. 

Lake  L.  F.  carp ;  r  1006  Rock ;  s  s. 

LAKIX  JOHX  T.  Ot  the  firm  of 
Perr}^  &  Lakin,  Lumber  Dealers,  corner 
State  and  Third  sts..  East  Side ;  Mr.  Lakin 
resides  at  1109  West  State  st. ;  he  was 
born  at  Dresden,  Ohio;  came  to  Rockford 
in  the  fall  of  1860.^ 

Lakin  Josephus,  r  608  W.  State. 

Lakin  P.  H.  clerk  C.  &  N.  W.  R.  R. ;  r  608 
W.  State. 

Lambert  Thomas,  r  Lincoln  av ;  s  s. 

Lambert  Henry,  r  Lincoln  av. 

Lamont  David,  elk  P.  O. ;  r  403  East. 

Lamont  Jas.  bkpr;  r  911  S.  Church;  s  s. 

Lamphire  A.  B.  mechanic;  r 607 Morgan ;  s s. 

Lampson  D.  E.  wind  mill ;  r  718  North ;  e  s. 

Lander  Franklin  C.  r  306  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Lander  F.  W.  sawyer ;  r  Peach  near  Avon. 

Landers  Harry,  r  306  S.  Winnebago. 

L.ASi'BIK"  JOHX,  .  Manufacturer  and 
Dealer  in  Boots  and  Shoes,  412  E.  State  st. ; 
residence  705  Kishwaukee  st. ;  born  in 
Sweden,  Oct.  10, 1839 ;  came  to  N.  Y.  City 
in  1864;  resided  there  one  year;  removed 
to  Rockford  in  1865;  married  Johanna 
Anderson,  Nov.  13, 1866 ;  she  was  born  in 
Sweden;  they  have  five  children;  Mr.  Lan- 
din  and  family  are  members  of  the  Swedish 
Lutheran  Church. 

Lane  Frank,  bolt  shop ;  r  906  Main ;  s  s. 

Lane  Geo.  printer;  r  906  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Lane  G.  W.  hardware,  811  S.  Main,  s  s;  r  504 
N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Lane  I.  harness  maker;  r  906  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Lane  James  B.  r  508  N.  Church  ;  w  s. 

t A5fE  DK.  ROBERT  P.  President 
Second  National  Bank,  cor  Main  and  State 
sts. ;  residence  508  N.  Church  st. ;  born  in 
Bedford  Co.,  Penn.,  Feb.  21,  1818;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1851 ;  the  Doctor  was  one  of 
the  parties  who  organized  the  Water 
Power  Co.  in  1853,  and  was  most  active  in 
its  development ;  was  first  Treasurer  and 
Manager  nnd  for  many  years  President; 
he  organized  the  Second  National  Bank 
in  1864 ;  he  has  been  President  of  that  in- 
stitution since  first  organization ;  he  also 
organized  the  Rockford  Insurance  Co.  in 
1866 ;  has  been  Treasurer  of  that  Company 
ever  since  that  time ;  the  Doctor  has  always 
been  prominently  identified  with  the  gen- 
eral business  interests  of  Rockford  since 
he  first  came  to  the  place,  in  1851. 


Lane  Solomon,  carp ;  r  908  Rock ;  s  s. 
Lane  Wm.  B.  r  508  N.  Chiu-ch. 
Lane  Wm.  lab ;  r  903  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Lane  Wm.,  Jr.,  moulder ;  r  903  N. Second ;  e  s. 
Lang  Robert,  r  116  S.  Wyman;  e  s. 
Lansing  A.  C.  feed  store ;  r  405  N.  Third. 
Lansing  J.  A.  feed  store ;  bds  405  N.  Third. 
Lansing  E.  H.  r  1003  Horsman. 
Lanyon  D.  N.  carriage  ptr ;  r  708  Peach ;  w  s. 
LaPointe  Alfred,  r  1008  Crosby;  e  s. 
LaPointe  John,  carp;  r  912  Benton;  e  s. 
Largent  J.  H.  elk;  r  606  N.  Rock;  e  s. 

liARGEXT  JACOB  P.  Of  the  firm 
of  Hazlet  &  Largent,  dealers  in  Boots  and 
Shoes  and  Rubber  Goods,  402  E.  State  st. ; 
residence  204  S.  Main  st..  East  Side ;  born 
in  Fayette  Co.,  Penn.,  Dec.  14,  1832 ;  came 
to  Rockford  in  Nov.,  1854;  engaged  in 
grocery  business  until  1867 ;  since  then  in 
present  business;  married  Maggie  Hazlet, 
May  9,  1860;  she  was  born  in' Maryland; 
they  have  one  son,  Clinton,  born  Sept.  18, 
1868;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  are  members  of 
State  St.  Baptist  Church. 

Largent  Oscar,  bds  204  S.  Main ;  e  s. 

Largent  Albert,  bds  C.  Henry. 

Larkins  Oliver  A.  r  505  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Larson  Albert,  tailor  A.  &  D. ;  r  Kishwaukee. 

Lasher ,  rooms  over  329  W.  State. 

Larson  L.  painter ;  r  9th  av,  cor  S.  8th ;  W.A. 

Larson  Peter,  tailor ;  r  809  Third  av ;  e  s. 

Lassaman  C.  mechanic ;  r  over  108  W.  State. 

Lathrop  Wm.  atty  at  law ;  r  402  N.West ;  w  s. 

Laurence  L.  H.  r  703  George. 

Lavin  Mich,  plow  maker;  r  1001  Crosby;  es. 

Lawless  Albert  H.  r  1012  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Lawler  Patrick,  tailor;  r  701  N.  Main;  e  s. 

Lawler  P.  at  bolt  works,  1106  Ferguson;  s  s. 

I-AWIiER  THOS.  G.  Milling  Busi- 
ness ;  Mill  on  water  power  at  east  end  of 
dam ;  residence  208  Kishwaukee  st. ;  born 
in  Liverpool,  Eng.,  April  7,  1844;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1854 ;  married  Fannie  A.  Rodd, 
Dec.  24,  1866 ;  she  was  born  in  Canada, 
Sept.  22,  1845 ;  Mr.  Lawler  eidisted  as  a 
private  in  Co.  E,  19th  I.  V.  I.,  June  8, 1861 ; 
was  in  the  service  3  years  and  3  months ; 
mustered  out  as  Sergeant,  Brevet  First 
Lieut. ;  was  in  the  battles  of  Stone  River, 
Chicamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  Bailey's 
Cross  Roads,  Mallard  Creek,  Resaca,  and 
all  other  engagements  of  this  Regt.  until 
close  of  the  campaign ;  Mr.  L.  is  Post  Com- 
mander of  Nevius'  Post,  No.  1,  G.  A.  R. ; 
has  been  for  8  years ;  he  is  also  First  Lieut, 
of  Rockford  Rifles. 

Lawrence  D.  E.  ins  agt ;  r  1006  W.  State. 

Lawrence  L.  C.  trav  agt ;  r  309  North. 

Lawrie  J.  T.  emp  A.  M.  Johnston  &  Co. 

Lawrie  Thos.  J.  miller ;  bds  White's  Hotel. 


ROCKFORD    CITY. 


501 


Lawshe  Spencer,  drayman;  r  308  North. 

Lawson  Albert,  tailor ;  r  705  Kishwaukee ;  e  s 

Laws  Jerry,  city  exp;  r  1109  River. 

Lawson  Nels.  r  Fourth  av,  cor  Eighth. 

Lawson  O.  L.  shoemaker;  r  12(5  Park;  e  s. 

Lawson  O.  r  208  S.  Fourth. 

Lawson  R.  employe  N.  C.  Thompson;  r  405 
Kishwaukee. 

Lawson  S.  stone  quarry.  Seminary,  s  R.R.  ;e  s. 

Lawson ,  bds  304  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Lawton  A.  J.  grocer;  bds  612  Mulberry. 

Lawton  T.  J.  grocer;  bds  612  Mulberry. 

Layng  Wm.  lab ;  r  S.  Mam  cor  Lincoln  av. 

Leach  Isaac  J.  painter;  r  Lincoln  av. 

Leach  E.  A.  r  Lincoln  av. 

Leach  Wm.  John,  painter;  r  Lincoln  av. 

Leach  W.  J.  carp;  r  925  Crosby;  e  s. 

Leahy  Wm.  lab;  r  719  N.  Church;  w  s. 

Lear  Thomas,  blacksmith;  r  1206  S.  West. 

Leavitt  Charles,  painter;  1509  Fifth  av;  e  s. 

Leavitt  Wm.  lab ;  r  1509  Fifth  av ;  e  s. 

liEE  B.  F.  County  Clerk;  r  405  N. 
West;  born  in  Owen  Tp.,  this  Co.,  April 
19,  1842;  married  Mary  Urquhart,  Dec. 
16,  1874;  she  was  born  in  Rockton  Tp., 
this  Co.,  March,  1853 ;  Mr.  Lee  was  Clerk 
of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  from  June  24, 
1809,  to  Sept.  16,  1873 ;  was  Collector  of 
Owen  Tp.  two  years,  1866  and  1867;  he 
has  served  as  County  Clerk  since  Dec, 
1873 ;  served  three  years  and  ten  mouths 
in  Co.  L.,  8th  Regt.  I.  V.  C. ;  enlisted  as 
private,  mustered  out  as  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; lost  left  arm  in  the  fight  at  Ft. 
Stevens,  D.  C,  in  July,  1864. 

Lee  Chas.  H.  salesman  L.  Moultlirop. 

L.EED!>$  RICHARD  C\  Agent  for 
White's  Sewing  Machines,  217  East  State 
St.;  residence  308  Walnut  st. ;  born  in 
Canaan,  N.  H.,  Jan.  3,  1815;  came  to  Ros- 
coe,  this  Co.,  in  180:^;  came  to  Rockford 
in  1864 ;  married  Mary  P.  Rice ;  she  was 
born  in  Windsor,  Vt. ;  they  have  three 
children,  Helen  A.,  now  Mrs.  J.  D.  Durell; 
Lizzie  M.,  now  Mrs.  John  P.  Zimmer- 
man; and  Delia  C. 

Leland  A.J.register  elk  P.O. ;  bds  210  S.lst  ;e  s 

Lemley  John,  editor  and  prop.  Oolden  Censer, 
cor  S.  Main  and  Walnut. 

Leonard  E.M. provisions  ;r  527  N. Church ;  w  s 

Leonard  F.  J.  confectionery  405  E.  State ;  r 
501  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Leonardl.A.grocer  329W.State  ;r309Horsman 

Lesuer  M.  L.  painter ;  bds  American  House. 

Letts  D.  M.  r  209  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Levings  P.  R.  r  709  Morgan ;  s  s. 

Lewis  Mrs.  F.  J.  r  over  S.  Stern. 

Lewis  H.  Fay,  cigars  and  tobacco  314  W. 
State ;  r  over  S.  Stern. 

Lewis  Wm.  lab ;  r  s  e  Kishwaukee. 


Lewis  Stephen  R.woodturner ;  r  514  S.  Main. 
Lidell  John,  emp  C.  &  U. ;  r  120  Park ;  e  s. 
Lief  A.  emp  Thompson's ;  r  308  S.  Fourth. 
Lillibridge  F.  teacher;  r  605  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Lillibridge  N.  K.  r  605  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Lillie  F,  B.  bds  805  Sixth  av;  e  s. 
Lillyeholm  P.E.  cabinetmkr ;  r  301  Bluff;  e  s. 

lilNCOIilN'  t-JEORCiE,  Engaged  in 
the  business  of  Buttling  Foreign  and 
Domestic  Ales,  Porter,  Beer,  Wines,  etc. 
— orders  by  letter  or  otherwise  solicited — 
bottling  establishment,  No.  408  S.  Main 
St. ;  residence  at  406  S.  Main  st.,  West 
Side;  born  in  Lowell  Co.,  Mass.,  Aug.  4, 
1833;  came  to  Rockford  in  May,  1855; 
married  Martha  Adeline  Matthews;  she 
was  born  in  Lowell,  Mass. ;  they  have  one 
child. 

Lincoln  Marshall,  bottling  with  Geo.  Lin- 
coln ;  r  408  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Linbeck  A.lab  ;r  Gregory  betS.4tli  and  oth  ;e  s 

Linbeck  I.P.lab  ;r  Gregory  bet  S  4th  &  5th  ;e  s 

Lindahl  P.  grain  warehouse  202  N.  Main ;  r 
513  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Lindblade  Augustus,  emp  Briggs  &  Enoch ; 
r  911  Kishwaukee;  e  s. 

Lindblade  J.  emp  E.&  Co. ;  r  S.Seventh ;  W.A. 

Lindbom  John,  miller;  r  507  Pope;  e  s. 

Lind  August,  r  506  Kishwaukee. 

Lind  Andrew,  carp;  r  508  S.  Sixth;  e  s. 

Lindeloff  Alfred,  elk;  bds  302  S.  Sepond. 

Linden  A.  W.  painter  307  S.  Main ;  r  1003 
S.  Winnebago. 

Linderman  Jno.  H.  r  609  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Linderman  John,  trav  agt  Emerson,  Talcott, 
&  Co.;r509  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Lindervoot  J.  P.  r  706  S.  Seventh  ;  W.  A. 

Lindholm  .Jno.  lab;  bds  307  Bluff;  e  s. 

Liudfeldt  A.  cabinet  maker ;  r  805  Kishwau- 
kee ;  e  s. 

Lindquist  Chas.  r  802  Second  av. 

Lindsay  Albert,  clerk;  bds  907  Loomis. 

I.I5fDJSAY  JOHN,  Dealer  in  Groce- 
ries, Flour,  Feed  and  Provisions,  823  S. 
Main  st. ;  residence  907  Loomis  st. ;  born 
in  Ireland,  Oct.  8,  1840;  came  to  N.  Y. 
State  in  1853;  lived  there  until  he  removed 
to  Rockford,  in  1866;  married  Caroline 
Dodge ;  she  was  born  in  Glenn,  Montgom- 
ery Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  South  Rockford  M.E.  Church; 
Mr.  Lindsay  served  two  years  in  Co.  B, 
32d  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  participated  in  everj^  bat- 
tle that  regt.  was  engaged  in ;  was  Color 
Sergeant  sixteen  months,  and  for  eight 
months  of  latter  part  of  service  was  Order- 
ly Sergeant. 

Lippitt  J.  L.  r  814  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Lischten  Morris,  emp  A.  Vanlnwagen. 
Lischten  Richard,  r  211  S.  Wyman. 


502 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTOBY: 


Little  H.  D.  crockery,  201  W.  State;  bds  517 

N.  Church. 
Littlefield  Dan.  C.  r  310  S.  First;  e  s. 

I^ITZELLE  J]«0.  C.  Physician  and 
Surgeon ;  office  316  East  State  st. ;  resi- 
dence 408  Kishwaukee  st. ;  born  in  Swe- 
den, March  9,  1825 ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
1871;  tlie  Doctor  received  his  medical  edu- 
cation in  Stockholm,  the  capital  of  Swe- 
den; has  been  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
his  profession  since  1851. 

Livingston  Frank,  r310  N.  West;  w  s. 

Livingston  Isaac,  saloon,  407  W.  State;  r 
310' N.  West. 

Lloyd  Wm.  carp ;  r  807  'third  av ;  e  s. 

I^OCK^VOOD    ISAAC    B.  Of  the 

firm  of  Lockwood  &  Lyman,  Wire  Works, 
on  Water  Power;  resicles  at  809  Mulberry 
St. ;  born  in  Niagara  Co.,  JST.  Y.,  Oct.  12, 
1837;  came  to  Laona,  this  Co.,  in  1839; 
engaijed  in  farming  until  he  came  to 
Rockford,  in  1862,  when  he  went  into  the 
Hardware  store  of  Israel  Sovereign,  and 
remained  with  him  until  1872,  wlien  he 
engaged  in  present  business;  married 
Louisa  M.  Koyl,  Aug.  21,  1861 ;  she  was 
born  in  Michig^in,  May  30,  1839;  have 
three  children  ;  Iva  Blanche,  born  April  1, 
1868;  J.  Ralph,  Aug.  6,  1872;  Pearl,  Oct. 
6,  1874;  Mrs.  Lockwood  is  a  member  of 
the  M.  E.  church. 

Lockwood  ByroG,eng  brewery ;  r  foot  Prairie. 

Lockwood  E.  wireweaver ;  r  1203  Court ;  s  s. 

Lockwood  Geo.  S.  carp ;  r  803  S.  Court ;  s  s. 

Lockwood  Henry,  r  809  Mulberry. 

Logan  John,  lab ;  r  808  S.  West ;  s  s. 

Logue  Wm.  H.  moulder ;  r  908  Fourth  av. 

L.OCj}UE  WJH.  Undertaker,  502  E. 
State  St. ;  resides  409  Sixth  st. ;  born  in 
Manchester,  Eng.,  Oct.  14,  1820;  came  to 
Patterson,  N.  J.,  June  7,  1847;  remained 
there  two  years,  and  then  moved  to  Chica- 
go, where  he  lived  four  years,  and  moved 
to  Rockford  in  April,  1853 ;  he  is  a  cabinet 
maker  by  trade ;  has  been  engaged  in  the 
business  of  Undertaking  here  16  years; 
married  Jane  Aspden,  in  England;  have 
five  children  living;  lost  two;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  L.  are  Protestant  in  religion. 

Lonenbeck  Fied,  r  Lincoln  av. 

Lonergan  John  K.  carp;  r406  River;  s  s. 

Lonergan  Pat'k,  carp ;  bds  114  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Longcor  Jas.  r  509  S.  Second ;  e  s. 

Long  And.  teaming;  r  1201  Third  av;  e  s. 

Long  Michael,  lab;  r  1202  S.  West. 

Long  M.  emp  furniture  factory ;  r  L.  Osborn. 

Long  Wm.  J.  r  609  Horsman;  w  s. 

Loomis  H.  W.  r  301  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Loren  Mich,  mechanic ;  r  403  S.  Winnebago. 

Loudy  Jonas,  r  Ninth  av  cor  Eighth ;  W.  A. 

Love  Harry,  blacksmith ;  r  405  N.  2d ;  e  s. 


L.OVE  JNO.  Of  the  firm  of  Savage  & 
Love,  Mill  St.,  on  the  Water  Power ;  resi- 
dence 410  Morgan  st. ;  South  Side ;  Pattern 
and  Model  Makers;  General  Work  and 
Jobbing  in  Wood,  Iron,  Brass  and  Steel 
done,  and  satisfaction  guaranteed;  ample 
facilities  for  doing  all  kmds  of  work  in 
their  line,  upon  short  notice ;  Mr.  Love 
was  born  near  Chambersburg,  Franklin 
Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  21,  1835;  came  to  Rockford 
in  1844 ;  married  Anastasia  Young,  Oct. 
16,  1858;  she  was  born  in  Jeft'erson^  Cam- 
bria Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  29, 1835  ;  have  two  sons. 

Loveland  Harvey  S.  r  714  N.  Church;  w^s. 

Loveland  John,  baker;  r  914  N.  Couit;  w  s. 

Loveland  R.  P.  r  914  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Loveland  Wm.  bds  508  Gregory ;  e  s. 

Lovelace  N.  blacksmith ;  r  707  N.  2d ;  e  s. 

Lowis  J.  B.  paper  and  tinware;  bds  402 
Gregory ;  e  s. 

Lowney  Jas.  lab;  r  w.  E.  Chestnut. 

Lown  Frank,  painter;  r  512  Gregory;  e  s. 

Lownsbury  C.  W.  teacher;   r  508  Mulberry. 

Lowgreen  O.  emp  Bertrand  &  Sames ;  r  502 
S.  Sixth. 

Lucas  Aug.  engineer;  r  S.  Court  nr  Chestnut. 

Luce  C.  A.  carp ;  r  701  Market ;  e  s. 

Luce  C.  D.  r  701  Market;  e  s. 

Luce  Frank  D.  elk;  r  701  Market;  q  s. 

Lund  Fred,jeweler,  311  E.State;  r806  S.  4th. 

Lundburg  K.  lab;  r  517  Union. 

liUKDGREX  C.  A.  301  S.  Main, 
West  Side;  House,  Sign  and  Decorative 
Painter;  Frescoing  and  all  kinds  of  Paint- 
ing in  the  best  style  of  the  art ;  Mr.  L. 
was  born  in  Sweden,  Aug.  22,  1829;  in 
1851  he  came  to  N.  Y.  city;  lived  there  7 
years,  then  removed  to  Minnesota,  where 
he  resided  most  of  the  time  until  1861, 
when  he  went  to  Europe  and  spent  a  year; 
in  1863  he  came  to  Rockford ;  he  has  had 
extensive  experience  as  a  painter,  both  in 
Europe  and  this  country ;  married  Carrie 
P.  Gilson,  Nov.  4,  1866;  have  three  chil- 
dren, Frank  G.,  Fred.  L.,  and  Ethel. 

Lundgren  Chas.  r  Fifth  av  n  Eighth. 

Lundgren  Chas.blacksmith ;  r  403  S.  4th ;  e  s. 

Lundgren  Gust.blacksmith ;  r  403  S.  2d ;  e  s. 

Lundgren  Jno.  mason;  r  610  N.  First;  e  s. 

Lundin  Samuel,  r  915  Kishwaukee;  es. 

Lundine  Solomon,  bds  304  S.  Fourth;  e  s. 

Luudquist  Peter,  lab;  r  609  S.  Fifth. 

Lonergan  John,  carp;  r  1008  River;  s  s. 

Lundstrum  A.  mechanic;  r  103  Morgan;  s  s. 

LundstrumA.M.  blacksmith ;  r  606  S.6th ;  e  s. 

Luther  Vincent  C.  farmer;  r  806  Ferguson. 

Lyman  Edward  H.  taxidermist,  Rockf  Natl 
Bank  building ;  r  1007  Mulberry,  W.State. 

LYMAN     DK.    J.    BAIiDWIN, 

Physician  and  Surgeon,   118  and   120  N. 
Second  st..  East  Sidle ;  born  in  East  Hamp- 


ROCKFORD   CITY. 


503 


ton,  Mas8.,  April  18,  1820;  came  to  Rock- 
ford  ia  the  spring  of  1858;  the  Ur.  is  a 
graduate  of  Jeflerson  Medical  College; 
also  a  graduate  of  Amherst  College;  in 
1848  he  became  lustructor  of  German  and 
French  Lauguages  at  Amherst  College ; 
ill  1850  he  was  Professor  of  Mathematics 
in  Oglethorp  University,  in  Georgia;  mar- 
ried Lucy  Depue;  she  was  born  in  Ilaines- 
ville,  N.  J.;  they  have  five  children;  the 
Dr.  IS  President  of  the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion; he  is  Examining  Pension  Surgeon-, 
has  been  acting  as  such  since  1868. 

liYMAX  ]¥.  E.  President  Peoples  Sav- 
ings Bank ;  residence  504  N. Court  st..  West 
Side ;  born  in  Rnshtord,  Allegheny  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Nov.  17,  1834;  came  to  Rockford 
in  1873. 

Lyman  Wm.  H.  carp;  r  1105  Crosby;  e  s. 

Lynch  John,  r  801  Corbin ;  s  s. 

Lynch  John,  lab;  r  801  Crosby;  e  s. 

Lynch  J.  moulder ;  r  Cunningham,  n  limits. 

Lynch  Patrick,  employe  Forbes  &  Co.;  r 
foot  Knowltou ;  s  s. 

Lynn  Herman  J.  baker,  C.  D.  Asprooth. 

Lyon  D.  G.  moulder;  r  1107  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Lyon  I.  justice  of  peace ;  r  209  N.Church  ;ws. 

Lyon  Wm.  G.  painter,  1406  S.  West. 

Lyon  Wm.  P.  carp ;  r  403  Park ;  w  s. 

Lyon  George,  lab;  r  1203  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Lyons  Wm.  grocer,  431  W.  State;  r  207  N. 
Avon ;  w  s. 

McAFFKE  WM.  D.  Physician  and 
Surgeon,  106  W.  State  st. ;  resides  at 
same  number;  born  in  Towanda,  Pa.,  May 
26, 1838;  came  to  Mt.  Carroll,  111.,  in  1858; 
removed  to  Rockford  in  the  spring  of 
1867 ;  married  F.  Viola  Seymour ;  she  was 
born  in  this  State ;  the  doctor  is  a  gradu- 
ate of  the  Homeopathic  Medical  College 
of  Pennsylvania,  at  Philadelphia,  class  of 
1861 ;  during  the  rebellion  he  served 
about  one  year  as  Quarter  Master,  and 
acted  as  physician  and  surgeon  in  the 
Army  of  the  Tennessee ;  the  Dr.  and  his 
wife  are  members  ot  the  Church  of  The 
Christian  Union. 

McAnarney  John,  r  503  N.  First ;  e  s. 

McAnarney  John.Jr.  elk;  r  503  N.First;  e  s. 

McArthur  Dr.  A.  L.  phys ;  r  foot  Seminary 

McArthur  Frank,  elk ;  bds  Cherry. 

McCammond  John  R.  r  918  Crosby;  e  s. 

McCammond  Wm.  A.  paper  box  manufac- 
turer ;  r  208  N.  Fifth. 

McCann  Charles,  elk ;  bds  402  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

McCard  J.  barber  shop,  113  S.Main ;  r  same. 

McCarrick  J.  shoemkr;  r  804  N.Winnebago. 

McCarty  Dennis,  lab;  r  709  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 

McClaflerty  Ed.  machinist;  r  603  Montague. 

McComb  John  D.  employe  coal  yard. 

McCommons  Perry,  r  208  N.  West;  w  s. 


McConnell  J.  emp  Graham&Co. ;  r  205  Kent. 

McConnell  J .pvessfeeder, Gazette ;  r  205  Kent. 

McCormick  Thomas,  lab;  r  904  Horsman. 

McCourt  Patrick,  r  Wall,  near  S.  Court;  s  s. 

McCoy  F.  mechanic;  r  1101  Ferguson ;  s  s. 

McCoy  Thomas,  r  904  South. 

McCutchan  W.  H.  elk  C.  &.  N.  W.  R.  R. 

McDermaid  J.  cooper;  r  509  N.  Main;  e  s. 

McDermott  J.  M.  lab;  r  1509  S.  West;  s  s. 

McDonald  Jas.  lab;  r  N.  Water;  e  s. 

McDonald  Jas.,  Jr.  r  N.  Water. 

McDonald  John,  lab;  r  806  Horsman. 

McEwan  Joseph,  r  924  Crosby ;  e  s. 

McEwan  Hugh,  r  924  Crosby;  e  s. 

McEwan  Samuel,  r  924  Crosby ;  e  s. 

McFarlan  Alex,  emp  Clark  and  Utter ;  r  908 
S.  West. 

McGill  P.  lab;  r  Blaisdell,  w  of  fair  ground. 

McGinnis  Daniel,  lab ;  r  South ;  s  s. 

McGinnis,  Patrick,  r  1002  Benton  ;  e  s. 

McGookin  Arthur,  bds  C.  Henry. 

McGookin  D.  mason;  r  707  N.  Winne- 
bago ;  w  s. 

McGrath  Dan'l,  lab;  r  708  Chestnut;  w  s. 

McGrath  Philip, lab;  r  1003  South. 

McGrath  Thos.  lab ;  r  714  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

McGraw  Pat'k,  lab ;  r  709  Rockton  av. 

McGraw  Thos.  lab ;  r  709  Rockton  av. 

McGregor  W.  supt.  N.  C.  Thompson,  304  S. 
West. 

McGuffey  E.  M.  private  tutor ;  bds  508  Rock- 
ton av. 

McGuire  B.  lab ;  r  rear  813  Pecatonica. 
McHugh  Josie,  emp  A.  C.  Gray;  r  same. 
Mclntee  Matt,  lab ;  r  720  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Macintosh  Jas.  C.  carp ;  r  104  N.  Court. 
Macintosh  Jos.  r  803  Rockton  av. 
Mcintosh  A.  K.  carp;  r  1123  W.  State. 
Mclnnes  J.  A.  clerk  Ins  Co. ;  r  506  S.4th;  e  s. 
Mclnnes  Robt.  W.  r  407  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Mclnnes  Wm.  carp ;  r  407  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

McKllfliEY   TI^M.    Grocer,    409  W. 

State  st;  residence  605  Horsman  st. ;  born 
in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  Jan.  1,  1816;  came  to 
Owen  Tp.,  this  Co.,  in  1844;  was  engaged 
in  farming  until  he  removed  to  Rockford, 
in  1855 ;  he  was  engaged  in  lumber  busi- 
ness until  1857;  was  Town  and  City  Col- 
lector in  1857  and  1858;  in  1858  he  went 
to  Mo.,  where  he  remained  until  1861, 
when  he  returned  to  Rockford  and  en- 
gaged in  grain  business,  which  he  contin- 
ued until  1870 ;  then  he  went  into  the  gro- 
cery trade  and  has  continued  in  it  ever 
smce ;  his  first  wife  was  Matilda  A.  Wal- 
ler; she  died  in  1848;  they  had  three  chil- 
dren, two  of  whom  are  now  living,  Leroy 
C.  and  Mary  A. ;  present  wife  was  Mercy 
L.  Nichols ;  she  was  born  in  Genesee  Co. 


504 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIREOTOET: 


N.  Y. ;  tliey  have  six  daughters,  Frances 

L.,   Alice   L.,  Eva,  Bertha  R.,  Cora  and 

Edith;  lost  one  daughter;    Mr.   and    Mrs. 

McKinley  are  members  of  the  Court  Street 

M.  E.  Church. 
McKinnie  Frank,  r  117  N.  Third;  e  s. 
McGowan  F.  mason;  r  E.  State,  nr  limits. 
McLaue  Edw.  r  510  S.  Sixth. 
McLaughlin  Dennis,  carp;  r  808  N.  2d;  e  s. 
McLaughlin  P.  grocer,  305  E.  State;  r  503 

N.  Winnebago. 
McLelland  W.  H.  travagt;  r  1202  E.  State. 
McMahon  Jas.  lab;  r  S.  Wyman. 
McMahon  J.  baggagemastr ;  r  908  South ;  s  s. 
McMahon  Michael,  r  1017  South. 
McMahon  Peter,  lab ;  r  S.  Wyman. 
McMahon  Wm.  r  S.  Wyman;  w  s. 
McMann  J.  H.    emp  E.   S.  Smith's  livery; 

bds  City  Hotel. 
McNeil  Wm.  elk;  r  1006  East;  s  s. 
McNaughton  Oliver,  furniture  upholstering, 

213  E.  State;  r  same. 
McNaughton  Peter,carp ;  r  over  218  E.  State. 
McNeany  Arthur,  lab ;  r  502  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
McNeany  Frank,  lab ;  r  502  S.  Main. 
McNeil  Thos.  r  1006  East;  s  s. 

McPHERSOX  JAS.  residence  707 
Elm  St. ;  born  in  Scotland,  Aug.  28,  1851 ; 
came  to  Canada  when  about  five  years  of 
age;  lived  there  until  the  fall  of  1860, 
when  he  came  to  Rockford. 

McRoberts  Geo.  blacksmith ;  Morgan,  nr  S. 
Main. 

McRoberts  J.  blacksmith ;  r  117  S.  First;  e  s. 

Mabie  Rev.  John  S.  pastor  1st  Bapt.  Church. 

Maguire  Geo.  W.  r  207  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Mahan  Thos.  lab ;  r  1007  S.  Church ;  s  s. 

Malier  J.  mechanic;  bds  112  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Mahoney  Timothy,  r  Green,  cor  Horsman. 

Mahon  James,  lab ;  r  409  Rural ;  e  s. 

Malaney  T.  blacksmith ;  bds  115  S.  First;  e s. 

Maine  S.  V.  billiard  room,  205)^  W.  State; 
r  209  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Mamlberg  Andrew,  r  607  S.  Fourth. 

MAXARD  &  BRO.  Plumbers,  Gas 
and  Steam  Fitters,  and  dealers  in  Gas  and 
Kerosene  Fixtures,Puiiips,  Mantels,  Grates, 
Awnings,  Tents,  etc.,  etc.,  Post-office  Block ; 
Alpheus  B.  Manard  resides  at  708  W. 
State  St.;  boru  in  Canada,  in  March,  1837; 
came  to  Rockton  in  1856;  to  Rockford  ten 
years  later;  was  Deputy  (:/'ounty  Recorder 
six  years;  married  Alice  Z.  Wright;  she 
was  born  in  England;  they  have  three 
children :  Emma  Rosalie,  Robert  and  Sid- 
ney T. 

3IA5f ARD  JAMES  W.  Boards  at 
Hardy's  Hotel ;  he  was  born  in  Canada, 
Jan.  15,  1835;  came  to  Rockton  in  Nov., 
1855 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1874 ;  married 


Julia  A.  Blake;   she  died  March,  1874; 

one  child,  James  Julian,   born  Feb.  24, 

1874;   he  lives  with  his  grand-parents  in 

Rockton. 
Manard  A.  P.  employe  Manard  &  Bro.,  r  123 

N.  Main;  w  s. 
Mandeville  Cortland,  r  802  Montague. 
Mandeville  E.  H.  grocer ;  r  802  Montague. 
Mandeville  Rev.  C.  E.  pastor  Court  Street 

Methodist  Church;  r  302  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Mandeville  F.  D.  r  lOOS  S.  Church;  s  s. 
Mandeville  H.  D.  r  1008  S.  Church ;  s  s. 
Mandeville  Michael,  r  802  Montague;  s  s. 
Mandeville  W.  H.  baker ;  r  1008  S.Church ;  s  s. 
Manifold  J.  N.  phys,  320  W.  State;  r  506  S. 

Avon. 

MANIiOVE  J.  G.,  Jr.,    211   Peach 

St. ;  born  in  Madison,  Ind.,  March  12, 1839 ; 
married  Hattie  E.  Case,  April  4,  1870;  she 
was  born  near  Utica,  N.  Y. ;  they  have  two 
children :  George  H.,  born  Aug.  27,  1872, 
and  one  infant  child ;  Mr.  Manlove  enlisted 
with  the  Rockford  Zouaves  in  1861,  the 
first  call  for  75,000  three-months  men ;  re- 
enlisted  in  Waterhouse  Battery  from  Chi- 
cago, First  Regt.  111.  Art.,  Co.  E;  was 
wounded  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862 ;  served 
until  Dec.  25,  1864. 

Manlove  J.  G.  atty  at  law,  over  316  W.  State; 

r  211  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Manlove  L.  A.  shirt  factory,  212  W.  State;  r 

202  North. 
Manning  Henry  J.  r  Blake,  nr  S.  Court;  s  s. 
Manning  W.  A.  jeweler,  111  W.  State;  r  309 

N.  Second. 
Manix  Thos.  drayman ;  r  602  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Manny  F.  H.  agl  imp  mfg,  water  power;  r 
Kent,  cor  S.  Church ;  s  s. 

Manny  Geo.  J.  foreman  John  P.  Manny ;  r 
619  N.  Main. 

Manny  James  H.  with  F.  H.  Manny;  r  603 
Peach ;  w  s. 

MANKfY  JOHN  P.  Manufacturer  of 
Mowers  and  Reapers,  on  water  power; 
residence  433  N.  Main  St.,  West  Side ;  born 
in  Amsterdam,  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y., 
March  8,  1823;  came  to  Stephenson  Co., 
111.,  in  1842;  was  engaged  in  farming  until 
1849,  when  he  commenced  making  mow- 
ers and  reapers  in  Stephenson  Co. ;  in  1835 
he  came  to  Rockford,  and  from  that  time 
until  1856  he  was  associated  with  J.  H. 
Manny  in  the  manufacture  of  mowers  and 
reapers ;  in  1856  he  manufactured  the  John 
P.  Manny  Combined  Machine,  that  being 
the  first  two-wheeled  combined  machine 
manufactured ;  N.  C.  Thompson  manufac- 
tured these  machines  largely  after  1862, 
but  Mr.  Manny  is  now  the  exclusive  man- 
ufacturer; he  is  one  of  the  Directors  of 
the  Winnebago  National  Bank,  and  is 
President  of  the  Rockford  Cemetery. 


CHERRY  VALLEY 


A^. 


ROCKFORD   CITY. 


607 


Manny  John,  moulder ;  bds  1105  S.  Winne- 
bago ;  s  s. 

Mausou  Louis,  jeweler;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Manuel  A.  I.  genl  delivery  elk  P.  O. ;  r  307 
Chestnut. 

Manuel  J  H.  slsman ;  bds  511  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Mapes  F.  saloon,  328  W.State ;  r  403  S.Church. 

Maranville  C  bolt  factory;   r  809  River;  s  s. 

Marcellus  W.  H.  watchmaker;  r  504  N. 
Main ;  w  s. 

Marshal  C.  B.  millwright;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Marshall  E.  B.  room  407  Mulberry. 

Marshall  P.  K.  carp ;  r  1218  S.  Winnebago ;  s  s. 

Marshall  W.  attorney;  r  708  Benton. 

Marsh  Chas.  carp;  r  1001  First  av;  e  s. 

Marsh  C.  G.  bkpr ;  r  708  Seminary ;  e  s. 

Marsh  C.  S.  r  305  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Marsh  G.  L.  upholsterer;  bds  811  E.  State. 

Marsh  H.  E.  elk  ins  co;  r  305  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Marsh  H.  C.  elk  A.  C.  Burpee ;  bds  Cherry. 

MARSH  J.  B.  &  Cl>.,  Manufacturers 
and  dealers  in  all  kinds  of  Furniture, 
Household  Furniture  a  specialty,  404  E. 
State  St.;  residence  805  First  av;  J.  B. 
Marsh  was  born  in  Kent,  Litchtield  Co., 
Conn.,  July  21,  1833;  came  to  Rockford  in 
Oct.,  1855 ;  married  Amanda  J.  Work, 
June  6,  1858 ;  she  was  born  in  Mt.  Vernon, 
O. ;  they  have  two  children,  Edward  H. 
and  Fannie  E. ;  when  3  years  of  age,  Mr. 
Marsh  moved  to  Putnam  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where 
he  remained  until  he  came  here ;  he  has 
been  engaged  in  furniture  business  here 
all  the  time  since  he  came. 

MARSH  WM.  J.  Foreman  of  Paint- 
ing Department  of  N.  C.  Thompson's 
Manufactories;  residence.  State  st.,  J-^raile 
west  of  city  limits  (south  side  of  street); 
born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  April  23, 1840;  first 
wife  was  Mary  F.  Rhoades ;  she  died  March 
27,  1875;  five  children  by  this  marriage; 
four  now  living:  Jennie E.,  Ida  M.,  George 
L.  and  Emma;  present  wife  was  Emma  J. 
Aldrich;  they  were  married  Oct.  25,  1875; 
they  have  one  child,  Wm.  J.,  Jr.;  Mi'- 
Marsh  was  a  member  of  Massachusetts 
State  iNIilitia  before  the  breaking  out  of 
the  rebellion;  during  the  war  he  served  in 
Co.  F,  18th  Mass.  Inf.;  was  at  both  battles 
of  Bull  Ruu,  Fredericksburg,  etc.;  was 
wounded  at  second  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg; he  participated  in  all  the  engage- 
ments which  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
was  in  except  that  of  Gettysburg ;  he  was 
at  that  time  confined  to  hospital ;  he  was 
mustered  out  at  Washington,  D.  C.  at  time 
of  general  muster  out  in  1865 ;  he  is  a  mem- 
ber of  Star  in  the  East  Lodge,  No.  166,  A. 
F.  and  A.  M.,  and  Winnebago  Chapter, 
No.  24. 
Martin  Chas.  E.  r  303  First ;  e  s. 
Martin  Elias,  r  811  Benton;  e  s. 
Martin  Geo.  A.  r  303  S.  First;  e  s. 

27^ 


Martin  Jacob,  mechanic;  r  701  E.  State. 

Martin  H.  A.  agt  ins  co ;  r  304  Kishwaukee. 

Martin  Rev.  H.  L.  r  310  N.  West;  w  s. 

Martin  Marshall  T.  r  303  S.  First;  e  s. 

Martin  Mathew,  lab;  r  411  S.  Court. 

Martin  P.  S.  r  707  Mulberry. 

Martin  S.  ins  agt ;  r  302  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

MartinS.S.confectioneryS.Maiu;rl205S.West 

Martin  S.  W.  r  S.  Ninth,  near  R.'  R. 

Martin  T.M.clk  circuit  elk's  office;  r  303  S.lst 

Marten  Wm.  carp ;  r  — . 

Martin  Wm.  shoemaker  W.  A. 

Mason  John  M.  baker;  r  1111  E.  State. 

MASON  ROBERT,  Proprietor  of 
Bakery  505  E.  State  st. ;  residence  1111  E. 
State;  born  in  Scotland,  Jan.  27,  1827; 
came  to  N.  Y.,  in  September,  1850;  lived 
in  N.  Y.  and  Cincinnati  a  few  years,  and 
came  to  Rockford  in  1855 ;  married  Ann 
Murdock ;  she  was  born  in  Scotland ;  they 
have  one  son  and  one  daughter  living,  and 
have  lost  three  children;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Mason  are  members  of  the  First  Congre- 
gational Church. 

Mather  A.  P.  carp ;  r  1109  S.  Winnebago ;  s  s. 
Matthews  Wm.  F.  printer ;  r  808  Mulberry. 
Mattson  F.  B.  woodturner ;  r  904  1st  av ;  e  s. 
Mattes  Geo.  lab;  r  1417  Charles;  e  s. 
Matteson  E.  S.  r  201  S.  Court ;  w  s. 
MayberryJ.C.clk2d  nat'l  bank  ;r310N.Church 
Mayer  Albert,  r  over  108  W.  State. 
Mayer  Chas.  saloon ;  r  over  108  W.  State. 
Mayr  Julius,  tobacconist ;  r  716  Elm ;  w  s. 
Mayr  Julius,  Jr.,  r  716  Elm;  w  s. 
Mayr  O.  C.  tobacco;  r  716  Elm;  w  s. 
Mayr  P.  A.  watchmaker;  r  716  Elm;  w  s. 
May  W.  H.  watchmaker ;  r  122  S.  2d ;  e  s. 
Meach  Wm.  F.  r  1108  Elm ;  w  s. 
Mead  J.  F.  mechanic;  r  009  Kent;  s  s. 
Mead  W.  cabinetmkr;  r  911  S.  Main;  s  s. 
Mears  Horace,  hardware;  r  511  N.  Church. 
Meaton  T.  lab ;  r  N.  Wyman  near  W.  State. 

MEDIiAR  J.  B.  Art  Emporium  Stu- 
dio 120  West  Slate  st.,  P.  O.  Box  2028; 
residence  310  S.  First  st.;  pictures  copied 
to  any  size,  in  oil,  water  colors,  India  ink, 
silver  crayon,  photos,  etc.;  Mr.  M.  was 
born  in  Fallsburg,  Sullivan  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Jan.  9,  1845;  came  to  Rockford  in  1860; 
married  Lizzie  A.  Curtis,  Jan.  8,  1874 ;  she 
was  born  in  Piermont,  N.  H.,  Oct.  17, 
1845 ;  they  have  one  child,  Bessie  Fay,  born 
April  23,  1875. 

Meeker  W.  V.  bds  Forest  City  House. 
Meickle  James,  lab ;  r  1013  Mulberry. 
Meison  Theodore,  lab;  r  High;  w  s. 
Meiklejohn  J.  R.  mechanic;  r  405  S.  West. 
Mellgreen  J.  weaver ;  r  603  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 


508 


"wiimEBAGO  COUNTY  dikeotory: 


Melquist  Gust.,  r  607  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 
Melville  G.  M.  printer;  bds  301  S.  Second. 
Mentzer  John,  r  1005  Benton ;  e  s. 
Mentzer  Mary  H.  r  506  N.  Court ;  w.  s. 
Meredith  S.  B.  farm ;  r  608  Cunningham ;  s  s. 
Merrill  J.  C.  F.  bkpr  Agard  &  Ross;  r  710 

W.  State. 
Merrick  Wm.  H.  carriage  mfg;  r  1202  N. 

Court  cor  Napoleon ;  w  s. 
Merrdl  G.  L.  livery ;  r  Kent  near  S.  Main. 
Mesick  P.  ins  agt ;  r  906  S.  Winnebago ;  s  s. 
Messenger  Calvin  W.  blacksmith ;  r  S.Water. 
Meyer  J.emp  I.A.Leouard ;  bds  309  Horsman 
Meyers  J.  marble  cutter;  r  N.  2d,  nr  limits. 
Mitchell  David  G.  elk;  r  311  Chestnut. 
Midgley  T.  shoemaker ;  r  1205  S.  Court. 
Miles  Amos,  lab;  r  712  North;  e  s. 
Miles  S.  blacksmith;  r  110  N.  Third;  e  s. 
Miles  Fred,  elk ;  r  110  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Miles  W.  M.  blacksmith ;  r  110  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Millard  B.  C.  carp ;  r  805  Corbin ;  s  s. 
Millard  B.  H.  livery;  r  1108  S.  Winnebago. 
Millard  E.R.papermaker ;  r  lOOlS.Main;  s  s. 
Miller  Asher,  mason ;  r  701  Pecatonica. 
Miller  August,  livery ;  r  1003  River ;  s  s. 
Miller  D.  printer  Journal ;  r  123  N.Main  ;ws. 
Miller  Edward  T.   bkpr ;  r  303  S. -Sixth ;  e  s. 
Miller  Elam,  r  606  Seventh  av. 
Miller  Charles  T.  bds  C.  Henry. 
Miller  D.  C.  r  202  N.  First;  e  s. 

Miller  D.  W.  boots  and  shoes,  320  E.  State ; 

r  408  S.  Second.;  e  s. 
Miller  Frank  E.  r  302  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 

MIIiliSB  O.  Cli ARK, Retired  Farm- 
er; residence  506  E.  Seminary  st.,  East 
Side ;  born  in  Munda,  Livingston  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  June  7,  1819;  married  Asenath  Jane 
Chandler,  July  4,  1840 ;  she  was  born  in 
Norfolk,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.;  Mr. 
Miller  came  to  what  is  now  New  Milford, 
in  this  Co.,  in  1839 ;  he  was  Township 
School  Treasurer  for  12  or  14  years  while 
he  lived  in  New  Milford;  he  was  engaged 
in  farming  pursuits  twenty  years ;  in  the 
fall  of  1858  he  came  to  Rockford,  where 
he  has  since  resided ;  he  has  assisted  in 
making  the  city  assessments  in  Rockford 
several  years;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Miller  are 
members  of  the  Centennial  M.  E.  Church. 

MII^LER  GEOROE  E.  Dentist, 
Room  2,  Post-office  Block;  residence  512 
N.  Mam  st..  West  Side ;  born  in  New  Mil- 
ford, this  Co.,  Aug.  28,  1849 ;  married  Liz- 
zie C.  Burncard,  April  15,  1872;  she  was 
born  in  Indiana,  Nov.  16,  1851 ;  they  have 
one  child,  Matlie  M.,  born  Jan.  9,  1874; 
the  Dr.  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the 
Second  Congregational  Church. 

Miller  H.  306  N.  Main ;  w  s.    ' 


Miller  Jacob,  emp  C.  &  N.W.R.  R. ;  r  S.  8th, 
bet  Tenth  and  Eleventh  avs ;  W.  A. 

Miller  James,  miller ;  r  606  Seventh  av. 

Miller  J.  D.  meat  market;  r  1011  W.  State. 

Miller  John,  lab ;  r  1417  Charles ;  e  s. 

Miller  J.R.  blacksmith;  r  411  S.Church;ws. 

Miller  J.  T.  stock  dealer;  r  302  S.  Sixth;  e  s. 

Miller  S.  G.  salesmn ;  bds  310  N.Church  ;ws. 

Miller  W.  H.  C.  farming ;  r  cor  Thomas  and 
John,  above  N.  Winnebago. 

Miller  W.  H.  milkman ;  r  1501  Charles ;  e  s. 

Miller  W.  L.  tinsmith;  r  511  Peach;  w  s. 

Miller  Wm.  r  210  Horsman. 

Miller  Wm.  emp  W.  A.  Thompson ;  bds  414 
S.  Main;  w  s. 

Millis  C.  H.  r  w  S.  Ferguson,  nr  Montague. 

]!IIL<Et$  GEORGE,  Dealer  in  Grocer- 
ies, Flour  and  Provisions,  near  cor.  of  E. 
State  and  Kishwaukee  sts.,  first  store 
south  of  State;  residence  1315  Charles  st. ; 
born  in  Urbana,  Steuben  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mar. 
13,  1830 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1849 ;  for 
five  years  he  was  engaged  in  farming  in 
New  Milford;  for  ten  or  twelve  years  he 
worked  at  the  masonry  business  in  Rock- 
ford; first  wife  was  Susan  Reynolds;  she 
died  in  August,  1859;  two  children  by 
this  marriage ;  only  one  now  living,  Sarah 
E.,  now  Mrs.  H.  H.  Atwood ;  present  wife 
was  Frances  H.  Drewnell;  married  in 
April,  1861 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.  Stale ; 
they  have  two  children  living,  Shiloh  and 
Freddy ;  they  have  lost  four  children ;  Mr. 
Mills  served  three  years  in  Co.  M,  8th 
I.  V.  C. 

Mills  Geo.  millwright ;  r  1103  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Mills  Henry,  mason;  r  1313  Charles ;  e  s. 

Mills  Phfileman,  r  1313  Charles ;  e  s. 

Mills  Wm.  C.  r  407  Mulberry. 

Minard  James  T.  carp ;  r  902  S.  West;  s  s. 

Minnick  Hiram,  r  911  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Minnick  L.  D.  pattern;  r  911  S.  Court;  s  fe. 

Minot  A.  W.  butter  tub  manufacturing,  314 
S.  Main ;  r  306  S.  Church. 

Minzinger  H.  r  N.  Main,  near  Harlem  av. 

MI^fZIKGER  PMIJLIP,  Confec- 
tioner ;  residence  401  S.  Church  st. ;  born 
in  Germany,  Dec.  12,  1826;  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  1854 ;  engaged  in  present  business 
ever  since  he  came  here ;  married  Eliza 
White,  March  26,  1864 ;  she  was  born  in 
Germany ;  they  have  four  children,  Emma, 
Lizzie,  Katie,  and  Jennie;  Mrs.  M.  is  a 
member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and 
Mr.  M.  belongs  to  the  Christian  Union 
Church. 

Mitchell  D.  E.  barber;  326  W.  State;  r  same. 

Mitchell  J.  B.  barber,  326  W.  State ;  r  same. 

Mix  S.  H.  salesman ;  r  208  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Moberg  C.  blacksmith ;  r  308  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Moberg  J.  emp  N.C.Thompson;  r  308  S.4th. 


ROOBTOBD   CITT. 


509 


Moffatt  C.  Dell,  elk;  r  807  Cunningham. 

Moffatt  G.  W.  cashier  S.  C.  Withrow ;  r  605 
Oak ;  e  s. 

Moffatt  Wm.  E.  mechanie ;  r  807  Cunning- 
ham ;  s  s. 

Moffatt  Wm.  blacksmith ;  r  305  Peeatonica, 
bet  Mulberry  and  Peach. 

Molson  Herman,  r  Lincoln  av. 

Molson  Wm.  r  Lincoln  av. 

Moncrieff  Alex,  pressman  Gazette;  r  906 
Peeatonica. 

Moncrieff  David,  carp ;  r  906  Peeatonica. 

Monfort  L.  r  115  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Monks  Jas.  moulder ;  r  East-;  s  s. 

Monks  T.  wire  wks;  bds  1106  Ferguson;  s  s. 

Monks  Wm.  lab;  r  133  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Monroe  Eddy,  teamstr ;  r  608  Longwood ;  e  s. 

Monroe  O.  eating  house  Galena  depot,  foot 
of  Court;  r  same. 

MONTAGUE  RICHARD,  Retired 
Farmer;  residence  1308  S.  Mainst;  born 
in  Old  Hadley,  Hampshire  Co.,  Mass., 
Aug.  3,  1799;  in  his  early  days  moved  to 
Greenfield ;  then  to  Keene,  N.  H. ;  was  for 
several  years  engaged  in  the  clothing  bus- 
iness at  the  latter  place ;  came  to  Rock- 
ford  in  1835,  where  he  has  been  largely 
engaged  in  farming  since  that  time ;  only 
two  settlers,  Kent  and  Haight,  here  then ; 
he  did  not  bring  his  family  here  until 
1836 ;  first  wife  was  Content  W.  Skerry ; 
married  at  Old  Hadley,  Dec.  19, 1836 ;  she 
died  Feb.  17,  1843 ;  they  had  eight  chil- 
dren; two  living;  Samuel  Skerry,  born 
July  6,  1830;  and  John  Vose  TYood,  Sept. 
3,  1833 ;  lost  six  children ;  Mary  W.,  died 
Feb.  31,  1851,  aged  13  years ;  Richard  W., 
Jan.  3,  1875,  aged  38  years ;  Wm.  Russell, 
Nov.  30,  1833;  Henry  Ward,  Aug.  4,  1837; 
Richard,  Nov.  19,  1833;  and  one  infant; 
Mr.  Montague's  present  wife  was  Caroline 
Farnsworth ;  they  were  married  at  Lancas- 
ter, Mass.,  Oct.  19,  1850;  she  was  born  in 
Groton,  Mass.,  July  18,  1806. 

Montgomery  I.  S.  collector  ins  co;   r   908 

Ferguson. 
Moore  C.  emp  bolt  factory ;  r  Peeatonica  cor 

Peach. 
Moore  E.  A.  emp  E.,  T.  &  Co. ;  r  1309  S. 

Court ;  s  s. 
Moore  John,  plowmkr ;  r  808  Corbin ;  s  s. 
Moron  Wm.  mason ;  r  904  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Moranville  J. emp  bolt  shop ;  r  911  Rock ;  s  s. 
Morey  E.  F.  carp ;  r  308  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Morey  E.  J.  painter;  r  110  Mulberry. 
Morgan  Chas.  r  1301  S.  Winnebago ;  s  s. 
Morgan  W.   A.  carp,   Salem,   bet  N.  Main 

and  Church. 
Morrill  J.  H.  r  1103  E.  State. 

HORISE  REIfJ.  S.  Proprietor  of 
Livery  Stables  530  E.  State  st.  and  119  S. 


First  St. ;  residence  507  Market  st. ;  born  in 
Canada,  May  5,  1836 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1849;  married  Caroline  Woodworth;  she 
was  born  in  Canada ;  they  have  three  sons, 
Chas.  S.,  Frederick  R.  and  John ;  Mr.  M. 
was  engaged  in  carpentering  business 
about  10  years,  farming  in  Guilford  15 
years,  livery  business  about  three  years ; 
he  was  Town  Collector  in  Guilford  one 
term. 

Morse  O.  E.carp ;  r  S.  Eleventh,  bet  Eleventh 
and  Twelfth  avs ;  W.  A. 

Morissey  Dennis,  lab ;  r  301  S.  Avon. 

Morissey  Thos.  lab ;  r  1005  Elm ;  w  s. 

Morissey  John,  lab;  r  w  end  Chestnut;  w  s. 

Morissey  Pat'k.  lab ;  r  w  end  Chestnut ;  w  s. 

Morten  Frank,  bds  405  S.  Fifth. 

Morten  J.  F.  carp;  r  405  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Mosher  Wallace,  machinist;  r  1008  Rock. 

MOUIiTHROP  li.  Dealer  in  Dry 
Goods;  residence  over  334  and  336  E. 
State  St. ;  born  in  what  is  now  New  Mil- 
ford,  March  16, 1841 ;  he  is  the  only  son  of 
Levi  Moulthrop,  M.  D.,  and  Margaret 
George  Moulthrop ;  his  parents  and  grand- 
parents came  to  this  Co.  in  1836;  his 
father  was  the  first  physician  in  the  Co. ; 
Mr.  M.  has  been  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  since  he  was  fourteen  years  old ; 
he  engaged  in  business  for  himself  in 
1865 ;  he  is  a  member  of  Immanuel's  Epis- 
copal Church. 

MOUIiTHROP  liEVI,  M.  D.  (de- 
ceased) Eldest  Son  of  Abraham  and  Ra- 
chel Landon,  was  born  near  Litchfield, 
Litchfield  Co.,  Conn,  Nov.  1,  1805 ;  he  was 
a  direct  descendant  of  Matthew  Moul- 
throp, who  came  to  this  country,  and  set- 
tled in  Conn.,  in  1638 ;  Levi  received  his 
early  education  in  Litchfield,  afterwards 
studying  Medicine  and  Surgery  at  Fair- 
field College,  State  of  New  York,  from 
whence  he  graduated  with  high  honors; 
in  the  Spring  of  1836,  he  came  to  Winne- 
bago Co. ;  settled  upon  a  claim  of  several 
hundred  acres  of  land,  near  Kishwaukee, 
now  in  the  township  of  New  Milford,_and 
commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession ; 
on  the  30th  of  June,  1840,  he  was  united 
in  marriage  with  Margaret,  eldest  daugh- 
ter of  thelate  Sampson  George,  and  died 
after  a  short  illness,  on  the  13th  of  Gep- 
tember,  of  the  same  year;  on  the  16th  of 
March  following,  his  widow  gave  birth  to 
a  son,  who  received  at  baptism  the  name 
Levi;  Dr.  Moulthrop  was  a  member  of 
the  Masonic  fraternity,  a  communicant  of 
the  Episcopal  church,  and  in  politics  a 
Democrat;  he  took  no  active  part  in 
either,  however,  confining  his  attention 
wholly  to  his  profession,  in  which  he  was 
pre-eminent.  Mrs.  Moulthrop,  after  the 
death  of  her  husband,  resided  for  the  most 
part  in  Rockford,  carefully  attending  the 
growth  and  education  of  her  son,  during 


610 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTOKT: 


his  early  years  and  j^outb,  when  such  care 
was  needed ;  on  the  5th  of  December,  1875, 
she  departed  this  life  for  the  life  immortal. 
Dui'ing  the  several  years  preceding  her 
death,  Mrs.  Moulthrop  had  devottd  a  con- 
siderable portion  of  her  time  to  travel  and 
study ;  she  had  also  collected  a  very  fine 
cabinet  of  mineral,  geological  and  other 
specimens,  a  field  in  which  she  took  great 
delight ;  as  a  correspondent  her  style  was 
easj^  and  attractive  as  the  many  who  have 
been  favored  with  her  letters  can  testify ; 
she  was  a  communicant  of  the  Episcopal 
church,  and  her  religion  consisted  of  acts 
not  professions ;  her  mind  was  carefully 
stored  with  useful  information,  and  in 
whatever  sphere  she  was  thrown  those 
about  her  might  receive  benefit  and  in- 
struction ;  she  was  charitable  and  benevo- 
lent to  those  in  need,  ever  unmindful  of 
self  in  her  ministrations  upon  others' 
wants ;  her  late  residence,  now  in  the  pos- 
session of  her  son,  Mr.  L.  Moulthrop, 
abounds  in  beautiful  mementos  of  her 
skill  and  labor;  her  remains  rest  in  the 
Rockford  Cemetery,  on  the  west  side  of 
the  River,  over  which  a  beautiful  and  ap- 
propriate monument  has  been  erected  to 
her  memory  by  her  son. 

Moulton  T.  mechanic ;  bds  205  N.Court ;  w  s 

Moulton  Wm.  N.  elk ;  bds  White's  Hotel. 

Mower  David,  r  113  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Moxley  J.  R.  hardware ;  r  117  N.  Third. 

Mullings  Isaac,  r  908  Rockton  av. 

Mullin  W.  D.  mechanic ;  r  607  Kent ;  s  s. 

Mullin  Alex.  W.  r  607  Montague ;  s  s. 

Munhall  W.  D.  law  student;  bds  706  N. 
Main ;  e  s. 

Munson  Chas.  mechanic ;  r  120  Park ;  e  s. 

Munson  P.  G.  lab ;  r  407  Walnut ;  e  s. 

Munthe  T.  (Munthe  &  Haegg)  r  119  Park. 

Murdock  Hudson  I.  carp ;  r  610  George ;  w  s. 

Murdock  Jos.  S.  carp ;  r  610  George ;  w  s. 

Murdock  Wm.  r  610  George ;  w  s. 

Murphy  Chas.  r  413  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Murphy  Jno.  lab ;  r  409  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Murphy  Oliver,  r  108  S.  Eighth ;  e  s. 

Murphy  Patrick  D.  r  812  Horsman. 

Murphy  Patrick,  lab ;  r  322  S.  Wyman. 

Murphy  Roger,  painter ;  r  N.  Water ;  e  s. 

Murphy  T.  furniture ;  216  E.  State ;  r  same. 

Murray  W.  J.  cooper;  r  1111  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Murrison  J.  mechanic ;  r  Knowlton  foot  S. 
Church. 

Mutimer  D.  C.  grocer ;  r  out  of  limits. 

Mutimer  Nathaniel,  shoemaker ;  r  903  Rock. 

MUTIMER  FRED,  Sup't  Rockford 
Bolt  Works;  residence  Prospect  st.  near 
city  limits;  born  in  Amsterdam,  Mont- 
gomery Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  14,  1842;  re- 
moved to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  where  he  lived  4 
years;  came  from  there  to  Rockford  10 


years  ago;  worked  in  bolt  factories  17 
years;  has  been  with  present  Works 
about  9  years;  married  Mary  Cornelia 
Fulmer ;  she  was  born  in  Montgomery  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  have  seven  children,  Mary  Cornelia, 
Hattie  E.,  Fannie  L.,  P.  Addie,  Jessie  L., 
Emeline  L.  and  Frederick  E. ;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Mutimer  are  members  of  the  Winne- 
bago St.  M.  E.  church. 

Mutimer  Jeremiah,  farmer;  r  Prospect;  s  s. 

Mutimer  Willard,  r  903 S.  West;  s  s. 

Myers  John,  emp  I.  A.  Leonard ;  bds  Hardy's. 

Myers  M.  B.  paper  and  tinware ;  r  402  Greg- 
ory ;  e  s. 

Myers  Jno.  peddler;  bds  402  Gregory ;  e  s. 

NAREEN  L.  cabinet  maker ;  r  101  Mor- 
gan. 
Nary  J.lab;  r  10th  avbet  S.Sthand  9th ;  W.A. 
Nash  Elmer  W.  painter ;  r  406  Kishwaukee. 
Nash  Frank  W.  emp  bakery ;  r  310  E.  State. 
Nash  J.  B.,  Jr.,  clerk  recorder's  office ;  r  404 

N.  First;  e  s. 
Nash  J.  B.  r  404  N.  First;  e  s. 
Nash  Jno.  A.  r  210  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Nashold  Jno.  r  201  N.  Fifth ;  e  s. 
Naylor  Jno.  harnessmkr ;  r  111  S.  Main ;  e  s. 
Neal  Jerry,  bds  1001  South. 
Needles  Joseph,  r  S.  Seventh ;  W.  A. 
Needham  Horace,moulder ;  bds  1208  S.West. 

NEEDHAM      FRAXItl^IX     M. 

Foreman  Foundry  or  N.  C.  Thompson; 
residence  506  S.  Main  st. ;  West  Side ;  born 
in  Wales,  Hamden  Co.,'  Mass.,  Jan.  17, 
1842;  parents  removed  to  Cleveland,  O., 
when  he  was  8  years  of  age ;  resided  there 
6  years,  then  came  to  Rockford ;  married 
Mary  A.  Derwent;  she  was  born  in  Du- 
rand,  this  Co. ;  have  four  sons,  Samuel  F., 
Moulton T.,  George  M.  and  Harry;  Mr.  N. 
served  two  years  in  the  army  during  the 
war  of  the  rebellion,  first  in  Co.  D,  11th  I. 
V.  I.,  first  three  months  call ;  re-enlisted  in 
Co.  E,  74th  I.  V.  I.,  but  was  transferred 
early  thereafter  to  the  92d  I.  V.  I.,  as  Prin- 
cipal Musician;  afterwards  went  into  Co. 
B,  146th  I.  V.  I ;  he  is  a  member  of  Star 
in  the  East  Lodge,  No.  166,  A.  F.  and  A.M. 

Needham  W.  moulder ;  r  1001  S.  Court ;  s  s" 

Neisdet  Andrew,  r  1105  Fourth  av. 

Nelson  Andrew,  lab ;  bds  407  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Nelson  Andrew  S.  emp  American  House. 

NEl-SOlSr  AlIGrSTUS,  Dealer  in 
Ready  Made  Clothing,  Hats,  Caps,  Gents' 
Furnishing  Goods,  etc.,  which  will  be  sold 
at  all  times  at  bottom  prices;  416  E.  State 
St. ;  residence  203  N.  Third ;  born  in  Swe- 
den, Oct.  13,  1834;  came  to  Chicago  in 
1854;  removed  to  Rockford  in  1861;  was 
with  the  army  of  the  Tennessee  at  Nash- 
ville, seven  months;  employed  in  wagon 
shops  most  of  the  time ;  married  Christina 


ROCKFORD    CITY. 


511 


Mary  Peterson,  Sept.  26,  1857;  she  was 
born  in  Sweden;  have  six  children,  Frank 
E.,  Alice  M.,  Ada  T.,  Emma  A.,  Carl  A., 
and  George  A. ;  have  lost  one  daughter ; 
Mr.  Nelson  is  a  member  of  the  Lutheran 
church. 

Nelson  August,  emp  N.  W.  oatmeal  mills. 

Nelson  B.  glovemaker  at  Munthe  tannery. 

Nelson  B.  marble  cutter ;  r  407  Walnut ;  e  s. 

Nelson  C.  globe  tea  co.bds  American  House. 

Nelson  Chas.  r  1007  Third  av;  e  s. 

Nelson  C.  r  emp  H.G.Allen  &  Co. ;  bds  same. 

Nelson  Chas.  emp  livery;  bds  H.  G.  Allen. 

Nelson  Chas.  painter ;  a  1007  Second  av. 

Nelson  Gust,  engineer;  N.  O.  meal  mills. 

Nelson  Emil  G.  elk;  p.  o. ;  r  419  E.  State. 

Nelson  Jno.  A.  r  410  Rural ;  e  s. 

Nelson  Jno.  bds  904  Kishwaukee. 

NEI.SOX  J3fO.  Of  the  firm  of  Bur- 
son  &  Nelson,  Proprietors  of  the  Rockford 
Knitting  Factory,  Water  Power,  across  the 
race  near  R.  R.  bridges;  residence  906 
East  St.;  South  Side;  born  in  Sweden, 
April  5,  1830 ;  came  to  Chicago  in  1853 ; 
removed  to  Rockford  in  1854;  married 
Christina  Bowman,  Nov.  4,  1855 ;  she  was 
born  in  Sweden,  May  6,  1834;  have  six 
children,  Alfred,  William,  Oscar,  Frithiof, 
John  Franklin,  and  Anna  Catharine ;  Mr. 
N.  is  the  inventor  of  the  most  perfect 
knitting  ^machinery  in  the  world;  is  a 
member  of  the  Rockford  Masonic  Lodge, 
103 ;  Mrs.  N.  is  a  member  of  the  Lutheran 
church. 

Nelson  Jno.  plowmaker ;  r  304  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Nelson  Jno.  lab ;  r  over  419  E.  State. 

Nelson  N.  A.  elk ;  bds  American  House. 

Nelson  N.  P.  lab ;  r  718  N.  First. 

Nelson  O.  P.  mechanic;  r  406  N.  4th;  e  s. 

Nelson  P.  emp  G.  Bradley;  r  407  S.  5th;  e  s. 

Nelson  Peter,  r  Seminary ;  s  R.  R. 

Nethercut  John  E.  foreman  Golden  Censer; 
r509  Oak;  e  s. 

Nethercut  R.  E.  printer;  bds  509  Oak;  e  s. 

:!lfElIIHEISTER  A5fTO:Bf,  Manu- 
facturer of  Carriages,  Buggies,  and  Spring 
Wagons;  all  kinds  of  Wagons  manufac- 
tured to  order;  general  jobbing  and  re- 
pairing done;  manufactory  119  N.  Main 
St.,  East  Side ;  residence  same  No. ;  born 
in  Germany,  Nov.  27,  1837 ;  came  to  Mil- 
waukee in  1847;  was  in  the  war  of  the 
rebellion;  served  two  years  in  Co.  I.,  26th 
Regt.  Wis.  V.  I. ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
1865;  married  Teresa  Staps,  April  12, 
1869 ;  she  was  born  in  Germany ;  Mr.  N. 
has  been  engaged  in  the  carriage  and 
wagon  business  twenty  years. 

I^EIJMEISTER  AUGUSTUS, 
Carriage  Manufacturer,  213  and  214  East 
State  St.;  residence  same  No.;  came  to 
Rockford    twenty-six  years  ago;    manu- 


factures all  kinds  of  Carriages,  Buggies, 
and  Spring  Wagons;  jobbing  and  repair- 
ing of  every  description ;  carriage  paint- 
ing, etc.,  done  in  the  best  style. 

Nevill  John,  emp  Graham  &  Co ;  r  Wall. 

Nevill  Michael,  emp  Graham  &  Co ;  r  Wall. 

Nevius  W.  L.  ice  dealer ;  r  405  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Newcomer  C.  E.  phonographer ;  bds  206  N. 
Church ;  w  s. 

Newkirk  Wm.  M.  painter;  r  201  S.  4th;  e  s. 

Newlander  J.   r  opp   Chick  &  Cox's  mill, 
stone  row. 

Newman  Abram,  lab;  r  1010  Sixth  av. 

Newton  E.  H.  carp ;  r  707  Ninth ;  e  s. 

Newton  Albert  H.  r  505  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 

Newquist  M.  lab;  r  115  S.  Main;  e  s. 

Neuman  G.  D.  wagonmaker ;  r  108  S.  First. 

Nickel  Casper,  butcher  830  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Nickel  Valentine,  bds  820  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Nichols  Rev.  D.  B.  r  512  Gregory;  e  s. 

Nichols  Eugene,  fireman ;  r  114  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Nichols  J.  B.  carp;  209  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Nichols  J.  H.  engineer ;  r  505  N.  First. 

Nicholls    Oscar  F.  harness  maker;    r  704 
Rockton  av ;  w  s. 

Nicholls  W.  H.  r  203  Mulberry. 

Nicholls  Wm.  upholsterer,   212  S.  Main;  r 
708  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Nicol   A.   B.   sash   and  blindmaker;  r  911 
Rockton  av. 

Nicol  Hugh,  stone  cutter;  r  911  Rockton  av. 

Nicol  J.  A.  woodworker;  r  911  Rockton  av. 

Nicol  Robert,  lab ;  r  911  Rockton  av- 

Nicol  Robt.,  jr.,  trav.  agt;  r  911  Rockton  av. 

Nido  Jno.  mechanic;  r  1007  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Noble  Chas.  G.  wire  works;  r  407  East;  e  s. 

XOBIiE     FRAXK,    Of  the  firm   of 
Spalford,  Parmele  &   Co.,  Manufacturers 
of  Wire  Goods,  Wire  Cloth,  etc.,  cor.  Mar- 
ket and  Main  sts..  East  Side ;  residence  407 
East  St. ;   born  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  July  12, 
1843 ;  came   to  Rockford    in   April,  1867 ; 
married  Mary  E.  Stokes,  of  Beaver,  Pa. ; 
have  one  daughter;  Mr.  Noble  is  adjutant 
of  the  Third  Regt.   111.  Nat.  Guards ;  he 
served  three  years  during  the  rebellion  as 
Commissary  of  the  5th  Iowa  V.  I. ;  served 
about  two  years  as  Adjutant  of  the  5th 
Iowa  V.  C,  and  was  afterwards  on   stafl 
duty,  principally,  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  about 
one  year ;  has  been  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  wire  goods  ever  since  he  came 
to  Rockford. 
Noble  W.  J.  watchman  ;  r  1101  S.  West;  s  s. 
Nolan  N.  horse  shoer;  r  717  S.  Winnebago. 
Noline  Jno.  lab ;  r  S.  Main  below  R.  R. ;  e  s. 
Noling  L.  wood  turner ;  r  801  Seminary ;  e  s. 
Noonan  Patrick,  r  407  Hill ;  e  s. 
Noonan  Thos.  saloon,  308  W.  State;  r  1015 
W.  State. 


512 


WINKEBAGO   COTTNTT   DIRECTORY: 


Norberg  August,  tailor ;  bds  805  E.  State. 
Norcross  A.  H.  carp ;  bds  724  N.  Church ;  w  s. 
Norcross  I.   M.  carp,  515  Main ;  r  734  N. 

Church ;  w  s. 
Nord  John,  lab ;  r  507  S.  First ;  e  s. 

NORDI]!C  JOHIl^  A.  Kishwaukee  st., 
cor.  Third ;  resides  at  305  N.  Fourth  st.. 
East  Side;  Manufacturer  of  "Wagons  and 
Buggies;  all  kinds  of  repairing  and  job- 
bing work  done;  also  horse-shoeing  and 
general  blacksmithing ;  Mr.  Nordin  was 
born  in  Sweden,  June  22,  1846 ;  came  to 
Rockford,  May  27, 1869 ;  he  married  Emma 
Peterson ;  she  was  born  in  Sweden ;  they 
have  one  daughter,  Esther  Victoria,  born 
Oct.  19,  1875 ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  N.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Lutheran  Church. 

Nordin  John,  r  307  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Nordin  J.  wagon-mkr ;  r  307  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Norman  J.  P.  prop  Brown's  Hall ;  r  124  N. 
Main;  w  s. 

"Norman  R.  S.  bds  124  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Nordstrom  Chas.  r  114  VV.  State. 

Nordstrom  Gust,  millinery  and  fancy  goods, 
114 "W.  State;  r  s'^me. 

Norstrum  Chas.  F.  r  904  Kishwaukee. 

North  A.  J.  watch  mkr ;  r  207  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

North  C.  O.  drayman ;  r  409  S.  Church ;  w  s. 

North  H.  N.  carp;  r  1201  S.  Ninth, cor  11th. 

North  H.  "W.  carp;  r  S.  Tenth;  W.  A. 

Norton  C.  E.  tinsmith;  bds  912  S.  Main;  ss. 

Norton  G.  "W.  carriage  painter ;  r  408  Peach. 

Norton  H.  B.  r  911  Rock;  s  s. 

Norton  M.  A.  atF.  H.  Manny's ;  r  904  River  ;s  s. 

Norton  Reuben  C.  carp ;  r  918  Rock ;  s  s. 

Norton  Sam. druggist;  r  306  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Norton  W.  H.  r  912  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Nugent  Patrick,  lab ;  r  709  Green. 

Nugren  Fred,  mechanic;  r  303  Bluif;  e  s. 

Nyberg  Andrew,  r  Park,  near  River. 

Nygren  N.  P.  blacksmith;  r  1106  Fourth. 

r^AKER  JOHN,  r  309  S.  Fifth. 

Oberg  John,  lab;  r  510  "Walnut;  e  s. 
jO'Brien  J.  lab ;  r  cor  S.  "West  and  Lincoln  av. 
O'Brien  Patrick,  lab;  r  wend  Chestnut;  w  s. 
O'Connell  James,  r  406  S.  Fifth. 
O'Connell  John,  boots  and  shoes ;  bds  606 

Seminary. 
O'Connell  Patrick,  lab;  r  1304  S.  Main;  s  s. 
O'Connor  C.  J.  carriage  pntr;  r  1507  4th  av. 
O'Connor  Jos.  E.  r  1506  Fourth  av;  e  s. 
O'Donnall  John,  lab;  r  725  N.  Main;  e  s. 
O'Dowd  John,  ins  agt;  r  1104  S.  Church ;  s  s. 
Ogilby  A.  S.  T.  milkman ;  r  W.  J.  Cole. 
Ogilby  R.  civil  engineer ;  r  707  First  av ;  e  s. 
O'Hern  John,  lab;  r  815  N.  Second;  e  s. 


O'Herrin  John,  lab;  r  1111  Rock;  s  s. 
O'Herrin  Patrick,  lab;  r  1111  Rock;  s  s. 
O'Keefe  Daniel,  lab;  r  1109  Rock;  s  s. 
Olmsted  H.  C.  salesman ;  r  407  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Olson  A.  cabinet  maker ;  r  308  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Olson  A.  W.  shoemaker,  416  E.  State ;  r  S. 

Main ;  e  s. 
Olson  Barnard,  painter ;  bds  411  E.  State. 
Olson  John,  tailor;  r  609  S.  Fifth. 
Olson  John,  lab;  r  1311  Third  av. 
Olson  John,  bds  302  S.  Second. 
Olson  Peter,  lab ;  r  S.  Main,  below  R.R. ;  e  s. 
Olsson  Van,  shoemaker ;  r  508  "Walnut ;  e  s. 
Olsson  Henry,  lab;  r  507  N.  Second;  e  s. 
Olsson  S.  "W.  shoemaker;  r  508  "Walnut. 

Olsson ,  shoemaker ;  bds  411  E.  State. 

Olstrum  John,  lab ;  r  309  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 
O'Neil  R.  E.  printer;  r  123  N.  Main;  w  s. 
Onthank  C."W.glovemkr ;  r  713  S."Winnebago. 
Oppelquist  John,  r  509  S.  First;  e  s. 
O'Rourke  Thomas,  employe  A.  &  R. ;  r  910 

South ;  s  s. 
Orput  E.  L.  r  706  Kishwaukee. 
Orput  Geo.  D.  r  706  Kishwaukee. 
Orput  John  B.  r  706  Kishwaukee, 
Orput  John  M.  r  706  Kishwaukee. 
Orr  Edgar,  r  1409  Third  av;  e  s. 
Orton  I.  mason;  r  508  Pope,  nr  Kishwaukee. 

ORVIS  EU€JE:SfE  E.  Manufacturing 
Jeweler,  of  the  firm  of  Clark  &  Orvis, 
Jewelers  and  "Watchmakers,  408  E.  State 
St.;  r  330  E.  State;  born  in  "Waukesha, 
"Wis.,  Aug.  30,  1855 ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
June.  1876 ;  married  Mattie  H.  "Wise,  Mch. 
15,  1877 ;  she  was  born  in  Freeport,  111. ; 
Mr.  Orvis  has  been  engaged  in  the  manu^ 
facture  of  jewelry  five  years,  and  is  an  ac- 
complished workman;  his  firm  does  all 
kinds  of  watch  and  jewelry  repairing,  in 
the  finest  manner  and  at  lowest  prices  for 
first-class  work. 

Osborne  C.  E.  r  705  E.  State. 

Osborne  U.C.watchmkr ;  bds  210  S.First;  e  s. 

Osborn  A.  S.  gunsmith,  112  "W.  State;  r  202 
N.  Church. 

Osborn  Lewis,  farmer;  r  S.  Eighth:  "W.  A. 

Osborn  V.  D.  carp ;  r  1001  Rock ;  w  s. 

Ostberg  G.  P.  r  foot  Loomis ;  s  s. 

Ostrom  George,  employe  C.  Russell. 

Ovall  John,  lab;  r  stone  row  opposite  Chick 
&  Cox  mill. 

Owen  Patrick,  lab;  r  919  N.  Court;  w  s. 

PADDOCK  WILLIAM,  r  1002  S.  "West; 
s  s. 
Paine  Charles,  agent  Rockford  Ins  Co;    r 

1008  S.  Main ;  s  s. 
Painter  Theodore,  plasterer ;  r  S.  8th ;  "W.  A. 
Palmer  Albert  Z.  r  705  Pecatonica. 


ROOKFOKD    CITS'. 


513 


'  Palmer  George  H.  r  S.  Eighth ;  W.  A. 
Palmer  Gilbert  D.  r  80'3  W.  State. 

PAL.MEK  HE]NRY  H.  Manufac- 
turer of  Churns,  601  S.  Pleasant  st. ;  resi- 
dence same  number;  born  in  Hillsdale, 
Columbia  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  2,  1824;  came 
to  Dupage  Co.,  111.,  in  1855,  and  to  Rock- 
ford  in  185G ;  he  has  been  engaged  in  in- 
venting and  mauufiicturing  business  ever 
since  he  came  here ;  he  has  given  much 
of  his  attention  to  inventions ;  eight  pat- 
ents have  been  issued  to  him  for  valuable 
inventions;  married  Louisa  H.  Mitchell, 
Feb.  29,  1848 ;  she  was  born  in  Hillsdale, 
N.  y..  Nov.  26,  1826 ;  they  have  one  son, 
Samuel  D.,  who  was  born  in  1848;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Palmer  are  members  of  the 
Christian  Union  Church. 

Palmer  J.  J.  mail  agent;  r  109  S.  First;  e  s. 

PALMER  (T.  F.)  &  CO.  Dealers  in 
Hardware,  Stoves,  Wagon  Materials,  Iron, 
Tinware,  &c.,  429  E.  State  St.;  T.  F. 
Palmer  was  born  in  Pittsfield,  Rutland 
Co.,  Vt.,  June  8,  1829;  came  to  Rockford 
in  March,  1856 ;  married  Sarah  Wiswell, 
July  14,  1868 ;  she  was  born  at  Vallonia 
Springs,  Broome  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  J.  B.  Moxley 
was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  Oct.  25,  1832 ; 
came  to  Dixon,  111.,  in  1854;  to  Rockford 
in  1856;  married  Ellen  J.  Hale,  of  St. 
Johnsbury,  Vt. ;  they  have  one  daughter, 
Marion  H. 

Palmer  W.  H.  hardware ;  r  207  N.  Third. 

Palmer  Wm.  T.  r  802  W.  State. 

Palmer  Z.  S.  r  705  Pecatonica. 

Palm  John  A.  mason ;  r  801  Second  av. 

Palmquist  Frank,  mason;  r  1112  Fourth  av. 

Parker C.W.  watchmaker;  r  702  S.Seminary. 

Parker  Erastus  E.  r  819  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Parker  Geo.  r  609  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Parker  G.  W.  r  803  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Parker  N.  watchmkr ;  r  608  Kishwaukee. 

Parker  R.  M.  piano  stool  mfg ;  office  418  S. 
Court ;  bds  501  Catlin ;  e  s. 

Parker  W.  machinist ;  r  702  S.Seminary ;  e  s. 

Parkhurst  G.  C.  carp ;  bds  121  S.  Court ;  w  s. 

PARMEIiE  CHAS.  O,  Of  the  Firm 
ot  Spaflbrd,  Parmele  and  Co.,  manufactu- 
rers of  Wire  Goods;  residence  511  Walnut 
St. ;  Mr.  Parmele  was  born  in  Lima,  Liv- 
ingston Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  30,  1838;  he  came 
to  Rockford  in  1857;  married  Maria  E. 
Pratt,  Nov.  24,  1862 ;  she  was  born  in  Can- 
ada ;  they  have  two  sons  and  one  daughter. 

Parmele  Jas.  A.  bkpr;  r  511  Walnut;  e  s. 

Parmele  M.  S.  cashier  Rockford  National 
Bank ;  r  307  S.  Second. 

Parmele  Wm.  furniture,  117  S.  Main;  r  509 
N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Parsons  N.  B.  r  1106  Fourth  av. 

Patch  W.  A.  watchmkr ;  r  609  Sixth  av ;  e  s. 

Patrick  Fred,  watchmkr ;  bds  109  N.  3d ;  e  s. 


Patterson  Alex,  r  303  Longwood ;  e  s. 
Patterson  Geo.  W.  meat  market;  r  306  N. 
Fourth ;  e  s. 

PATTERSOX    JAS.     H.    Of  the 

Firm  of  Patterson  Bros.,  Proprietors  of 
Meat  Market,  421  E.  State  st. ;  residence 
502  Catlin  st. ;  born  in  Rockford,  Sept.  13, 
1844;  first  wife  was  Mary  E.  Edie;  she 
died  Sept.  22,  1874;  one  child  by  this  mar- 
riage, Mary  E. ;  now  living;  Mr.  Patter- 
son's present  wife  was  Mrs.  Rosina  White; 
married  in  Oct.,  1876;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  P. 
are  members  of  the  Second  Presbyterian 
Church ;  Mr.  P.  served  one  year  in  Co.  A, 
147th  I.  V.  I. 

Patterson  John  L.  r  208  S.  Church ;  w  s. 

Patterson  Orlando,  r  1107  Rock ;  s  s. 

Patterson  W.  C.  r  809  George ;  w  s. 

Patterson  Wm.  T.  r  310  E.  State. 

Patterson  Wm.  r  305  Mulberry ;  w  s. 

Patton  T.  emp.  American  express  company ; 
bds  American  House. 

Paul  Jas.  M.  carp ;  r  508  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Paul  John,  prop  White's  Hotel ;  r  same. 

Paxson  A.  jeweler;  r  522  N.  Church;  w  s. 

Paxson  C.  F.  elk;  r  522  N.  Church. 

Paye  Jos.  blacksmith;  r  Ferguson,  cor 
Hulin;  s  s. 

Payne  A.  D.  piano  stools ;  r  805  S  First ;  e  s. 

Payne  R.  C.  piano  stools ;  r  305  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Peacock  Edwin  H.  r  502  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

PEACOCK  JONATHASf,  Propri- 
etor of  Rockford  Brewery,  502  N.  Main  st. ; 
East  Side;  residence  at  same  number; 
born  in  England,  June  1,  1821 ;  came  to 
Chicago  in  1846;  worked  with  Lill  & 
Diversey  three  years,  and  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  1849 ;  purchased  the  ground  where 
the  Brewery  is  now  located,  from  Wm. 
Fulton  in  1849,  and  commenced  manufac- 
turing beer  and  ale  the  same  year ;  mar- . 
ried  Eliza  Hammond,  in  England,  Sept. 
17,1856;  she  was  born  in  England;  they 
have  five  children  living;  Edwin  H.,  Jon- 
athan D.,  Charles,  Frank  and  Olive;  lost 
one  daughter,  Ida  J.,  who  died  June  13, 
1877,  aged  fifteen  years. 

Peake  Fred'k,  teacher ;  r  505  East ;  e  s. 

Peake  Henry,  harnessmaking,bds  City  Hotel. 

Peake  L.  harnessmaking,  Kishwaukee,  near 
E.  State;  r  505  East;   e  s. 

Peake  Wm.  F.  harness,  trunk  and  bag  man- 
ufacturing, 116  W.  State;  r  206  S.  2d;  e  s. 

PEATS  FRAXK  F.  Sheriff  of  Win- 
nebago Co. ;  born  in  N.  Y.  city,  Oct.  21, 
1834;  came  to  Rockford  m  1855;  married 
Bessie  R.  Tew,  Nov.,  1861;  was  elected 
Sheriff  in  fall  of  1872 ;  now  serving  his 
third  term. 

Peck  Philip,  painter;  r  108  S.  Eighth;  e  s. 

Peck  F.  C.  pianos  and  organs ;  r  1002  E.State. 

Peck  Geo.  moulder ;  r  808  S.  Main ;  s  s. 


514 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIEECTOET: 


Peck  Bradford,  musical  instruments,  316  W. 

State ;  609  S  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Peck  Walter,  windmills ;  1009  Charles ;  e  s. 
Pedler  S.P.  salesman ;  bds  610  Mulberry ;  w  s. 
Peers  Henry,  carp ;  r  208  N.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Peers  J.  C.  jeweler;  r  405  S.  Church;  w  s. 
Peggs  Wm.  B.  ins  agt ;  r  903  Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Pells  S.  E.  emp  tack  factory ;  r  504  Knowlton. 
Pells  Wm.  J.  Oregon  stage  driver ;  r  705  Hors- 

man. 
Pendergast  D.emp  E.T.&  Co. ;  r  905  Kock ;  s  s. 
Pendergast  Jas.  lab ;  r  1206  S.  Court ;  s  s. 
Pendergast  Lawrence,  r  402  S.  West. 
Pendergast  Lawrence,  lab ;  r  Wall. 
Pendergast  R.  r  Montague  cor  S.  Church ;  s  s. 
Pendergast  Wm.  lab ;  r  402  S.  West. 
Pendergast  Wm.  lab ;  407  Rural ;  e  s. 
Penfield  Chas.  S.  elk;  r  902 Third  av;  e  s. 
Penfield  S.  F.  real  estate ;  r  902  Third  av. 
Penfield  Geo.  F.  real  estate ;  r  207  S.  Fourth. 
Penfield  Ed.  M.  money  order  elk  p.  o. ;  r  902 

Third  av. 

PEXFIEJL©  JOH:^  G.  Loan  and 
Note  Broker,  Conveyancer,  Notary  Public 
and  Dealer  in  Real  Estate;  money  in  hand 
to  loan  on  good  security,  at  lowest  rates, 
without  unnecessary  delay;  he  has  con- 
siderable city  and  farm  property  for  sale 
and  rent  upon  favorable  terms ;  oftice  323 
East  State  St.,  over  Third  National  Bank ; 
residence  804  Seminary  St.;  Mr.  Penfield 
was  born  in  Pittsford,  Rutland  Co.,  Vt. ; 
was  for  several  years  engaged  in  Woolen 
and  Cotton  Manufacturing  in  Pittsford; 
removed  to  Rockford  in  1854,  since  which 
time  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  Loaning 
and  Real  Estate  business ;  married  Mary 
E.  Crosby,  Oct.  22,  1856 ;  she  was  born  in 
Troy,  N.  H.;  have  three  daughters,  Helen 
M.,  Fannie  H.,  and  Katie  C. 

Pepper  H.  L.  carp ;  r  703  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Peoneil  Jonathan,  cabinetmaker ;  bds  1104 
Ferguson ;  w  s. 

Penny  J.  A.  salesman ;  r  206  N.  West. 

Pennock  W.  D.  r  1314  Charles;  e  s. 

PEJfXOYER  OI.IVER  A.  Attor- 
ney, Abstractor  of  Land  Titles,  Notary 
Public;  residence  East  St.,  near  E.  State 
St.;  born  in  N.  Y.,  July  15,  1826;  came  to 
Rockford  in  Jan.,  1857;  married  Marga- 
ret L.  Morris,  June,  1856 ;  she  was  born  in 
Ponuac,  Mich.,  May  23,1830;  have  four 
children,  all  deceased ;  admitted  as  Attor- 
ney in  Illinois,  May  4,  1857,  and  as  Attor- 
ney of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court,  Jan.  7, 
1869 ;  elected  Clerk  Circuit  Court  and  Re- 
corder, Nov.  election,  1860,  for  four  years ; 
City  Clerk  of  Rockford  from  April,  1866, 
one  year ;  elected  Justice  Peace,  xlpril  28, 
1866;  resigned  in  1868;  engaged  mostly 
in  Abstracting  and  Recorder's  oflSce  since 
1847. 


Pensteel  Casper,  lab ;  r  1301  Charles ;  e  s. 
Pensteel  Sam'l,  lab ;  r  1301  Charles ;  e  s. 
Pensteel  W.  G.  barber;  r  912  N.  Court;  w  s. 
Pensteel  Wm.  lab ;  r  1301  Charles ;  e  s. 
Perine  Mark,  watchmkr ;  bds  107  N.  1st ;  e  s. 
Perkins  C.  emp  tack  factory;   bds  201  N. 
Maine ;  w  s. 

PERKIXI^  J.  P.  Agent  C.  &  N.  W. 
Railway;  residence  305  S.  Church  st. ; 
born  in  Essex,  Mass.,  March  27,  1835;  in 
1838  his  parents  removed  to  Cook  Co. ;  he 
was  engaged  in  farming  pursuits  till  1853 ; 
in  1856  he  went  into  the  employ  of  the  C. 
&  N.  W.  Railroad,  and  has  'continued 
with  that  company  ever  since;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1864;  has  the  entire  manage- 
ment of  the  Galena  &  Kenosha  Division 
of  the  C.  &  N.  W.  Railroad  at  this  point; 
married  Isabella  J.  Reynolds,  May,  1859; 
she  was  born  in  Burdette,  Schuyler  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  they  have  one  child,  Geo.  P.,  who 
was  born  March,  1861 ;  Mrs.  Perkins  is  a 
member  of  the  Second  Congregational 
Church. 

Perry  E.  B.  lumber;  r  803  E.  State. 

PERRY  ISEEL.Y,  Lumber  Dealer; 
yard,  cor  State  and  Third  sts. ;  residence 
307  S.  First  st. ;  born  in  Stockbridge,Berk- 
sliire  Co.,  Mass.,  Aug.  10,  1822;  came  to 
Rockton,  in  this  Co.,  in  1849;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1851 ;  Mr.  Perry  was  Mayor 
of  Rockford  in  1858  and  1859 ;  was  Alder- 
man 1873, 1874,  1875,  1876. 

Perry  Wm.  F.  r  1107  Charles;  e  s. 

Pershall  G.  W.  rule  maker;  r  1003  S. 
Church ;  s  s. 

PETERS  REV.  GUSTAVUS, 
Pastor  of  the  Swedish  Evangelical  Luth- 
eran Church;  East  Side;  residence  505  E. 
Seminary  st. ;  born  in  Sweden,  Jan.  4, 
1832 ;  came  to  Chicago  in  1859 ;  one  j'^ear 
was  assistant  pastor  of  Immanuel's  Church 
in  Chicago ;  was  for  three  j^ears  pastor  of 
Lutheran  Church  at  Moline;  came  to 
Rockford  in  June,  1864,  and  has  continued 
as  pastor  of  the  church  here  ever  since ; 
was  educated  at  Calmar  Seminary  and  at 
Stockholm ;  ordained  to  the  holy  ministry 
at  Clinton,  Rock  Co.,  Wis.,  June  10,  1860; 
first  wife  was  Ida  H.  Strone,  of  Sweden ; 
she  died  at  Moline,  May  18,  1862;  they 
had  one  child;  deceased;  present  wife  was 
Sarah.  Johnson ;  married  Oct.  8, 1864 ;  she 
was  born  in  Sweden ;  the}^  have  four  chil- 
dren living,  John  T.,  Esther,  Ebenezer 
and  Joseph  T. ;  they  lost  one  son  and  two 
daughters,  who  died  in  infancy. 

Peters  Albert  H.  lab;  r  805  Horsman;  w  s. 

Peters  Charles,  elk  P.  O.;  bds  N.  First;  e  s. 

Peters  Jonas,  treas  Union  Furniture  Co. ;  r 
602  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Peters  Peter  A.  lab ;  r  805  Horsman ;  w  s. 

Peters  Wm.  r  302  S.  Church. 

Peterson  Gust,  tailor ;  r  Park ;  e  s. 


ROOKFORD   CITY. 


616 


Peterson  Adolpli,  tailor;  r  405  S.  First;  e  s. 
Peterson  Andrew,   lab;  r  stone    row,   opp 

Chick  &  Cox  Mill. 
Peterson  Andrew,  r  305  Kishwaukee. 
Peterson  Andrew,  r  S.  Seventh ;  W.  A. 
Peterson  P.A.  meatmarket;  bds  P.A.Flodell. 
Peterson  A.  M.  tailor;  r  501  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 
Peterson  Aug.  tailor;  r  310  N.  Fourth;  e  s. 
Peterson  Aug.  G.  tailor ;  r  609  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Peterson  C.  B.  painter;  r  901  S.  West;  s  s. 
Peterson  C.  G.  painter;  r  108  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 
Peterson  Charles,   gents'   furnishing  goods, 

Kishwaukee,  near  State;  r  303  Seventh. 
Peterson  Dan.  plowmaker ;  r  502  S.  6th ;  e  s. 
Peterson  Charles,  r  park ;  e  s. 
Peterson  F.  L.  carver ;  r  408  Kishwaukee. 
Peterson  Guss,  tailor ;  r  park. 
Peterson  Geo.  painter ;  r  1403  S.  West ;  s  s. 
Peterson  Rev.  Gust,   pastor  Second  Baptist 

Church ;  r  1207  Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Peterson  H.  F.  grocer ;  r  Seminary,  cor  Bluff. 
Peterson  Isaac,  tailor;  r  510  S.  Fifth;  e  s. 
Peterson  J.  mechanic ;  r  608  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 
Peterson  John,  r  e  s  S.  Seventh ;  W.  A. 
Peterson  J.  shoemkr ;  r  501  S.  Seventh ;  e  s. 
Peterson  J.  emp  Wm.  A.  Knowlton ;  r  same. 
Peterson  J.  P.  tailor ;  r  408  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 
Peterson  Jonas,  r  509  Union ;  e  s. 
Peterson  Jonas,  r  1018  Sixth  av;  e  s. 
Peterson  J.  H.  butcher;  r  502  Catlin;  e  s. 
Peterson  Neis.  r  718  N.  First ;  e  s. 
Peterson  Nels.  tailor ;  r  n  s  Park ;  e  s. 
Peterson  Oscar,  painter;  r  511  Union;  e  s. 
Peterson  O.  r  street  from  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 

PETERSOX  P.  A.  Secretary  Rock- 
ford  Union  Furniture  Company;  resi- 
dence 513  Catlin,  East  Side;  born  in 
Sweden,  Sept.  8,  1846 ;  came  to  Rockford 
in  1852. 

Peterson  P.  A.  r  1007  First  av;  e  s. 

Peterson  P.  M.  tailor;  r  508  S.  Sixth;  e  s. 

Peterson  Peter,  tailor;  r  513  Catlin;  e  s. 

Peterson  P.  furniture  mkr;  r  1103  Third  av. 

Peterson  P.  shoemaker;  r  316  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Peterson  Peter,  employe  E.,  T.  &  Co. ;  bds 

703N.  Maiu;es. 
Peterson  Pontus,  bds  702  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Peterson  Stephen,  lab;  r  1008  Fifth  av;  e  s. 
Peterson  August,  tailor ;  r  607  Rock ;  e  s. 
Pettibone  John  T.  r  606  Court ;  e  s. 
Pettengill  J.  W.  turning;  r  806  Rock;  s  s. 
Pettis  L.  M.  trav  agent ;  r  1015  S.  Main ;  s  s. 
Petit  Andrew,  carp ;  r  607  Rockton  av. 
Petit  Jacob,  carp ;  r  406  S.  Church. 
Pfanstiel  Geo.  livery ;  r  506  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Phelps  Walter,  r  506  Chestnut. 


Phillips  A.  F.  livery ;  r  306  S.  Winnebago. 

Phillips  Hiram  C.  patternmaker;  r  1101  S. 
Winnebago;  s  s. 

Phillips  Ivar  I.  r  106  Summit;  e  s. 

Phillips  Ira,  r  106  Summit;  e  s. 

Phinney  A.  grocer ;  108  S.  Main ;  r  206  Hors- 
man. 

Phoenix  W.  H.  sewing  machines,  212  West 
State ;  r  306  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Pickett  Buell,  r  309  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Pickett  Wm.  O.  r  209  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Pierce  D.  B.  harness  mkr ;  307  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Pierce  L.  R.  r  1006  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Pierpont  W.T.  pumps,etc. ;  bds  1019  W.State. 

Pierson  John,  Vice  Pres  Rockford  Union 
Furniture  Company ;  r  809  Third  av. 

Pierson  T.  watchmaker ;  bds  308  Walnut ;  e  s. 

Pitkin  T.  D.  pumps;  r  out  of  city. 

Pitney  Levi,  mason ;  r  N.  Avon,  n  end. 

Pitney  Wm.  lab ;  r  333  N.  Avon. 

Pitney  Wm.,  Jr.  plasterer ;  r  1016  Mulberry. 

Plainer  Geo.  H.  r  713  Mulberry. 

Platner  Harrison  M.  r  713  Mulberiy. 

Platner  Peter  H.  r  303  N.  West;  w  s. 

Plato  H.  F.  307-209  W.  State;  r  8.  Court, 
cor  Chestnut. 

Plato  J.  D.  r  S.  Court,  cor  Chestnut. 

PliATT  JOHX,  Farmer;  residence 
713  W.  State  St.;  born  in  West  Haven, 
Conn.,  March  8,  1813;  removed  to  Alton, 
111.,  in  Oct.,  1836 ;  was  employed  as  a  dry 
goods  clerk  until  May,  1837,  when  he 
came  to  Rockford;  built  a  store  on  the 
bank  of  Rock  river,  just  below  where  the 
State  street  bridge  now  stands,  and  carried 
on  general  merchandising  business  until 
1839,  when  he  sold  out  to  Dr.  Haskell  and 
moved  to  what  is  now  Pecatonica  Tp., 
where  he  engaged  in  farming  very  exten- 
sively, having  some  1,100  acres;  his  resi- 
dence was  on  Sec.  13,  Tp.  27 ,  he  remained 
there  six  years ;  then  about  1845  returned 
to  Rockford,  and  has  continued  to  engage 
very  largely  in  real  estate  operations, 
sometimes  owning  9,000  acres  of  land  at 
one  time ;  he  married  Harriet  W.  Trow- 
bridge, Feb.  24,  1836;  she  was  born  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  Dec.  11,  1814. 

Polchow  Chas.  lab;  r  1109  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Pomeroy  W.  D.  carp ;  r  514  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Ponsomby  Chas.  lab ;  bds  308  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Pooley  8.  J.  carp ;  r  903  Horsman. 

Pope  Isaac,  r  404  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Porter  Frank  H.  bds  107  Horsman. 

PORTER  JOHN  R.  Druggist,  301 
W.  State,  cor  Main  st. ;  residence  571  N. 
Church  St.;  born  in  Fultouham,  near 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  Sept.  22,  1833 ;  came  to 
Rockford  in  Nov.,  1859 ;  married  Lucretia 
V.Hosmer,  Oct.  3,  1861 ;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio,  Oct.  3, 1834 ;  they  have  four  children 


616 


WESTNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


livins::  Chas  H.,  Hosiner  C,  Jolin  Wm. 
and  Frances  Irene;  they  have  lost  one 
daughter,  Lucy  M.,  who  died  Feb.  16, 
1865,  aged  two  years  and  four  months. 

Porter  J.  S.  salesman ;  r  608  W.  State. 

Posson  F.  L.  painter,  li:^  S.  2d;  r  110  N.5th. 

Posson  Henry  A.  painter ;  r  201  N.  Second. 

Post  Daniel,  farmer ;  r  402  S.  Winnebago. 

Potter  Geo.  carp ;  r  911  Pecatonica. 

Potter  Joel  B.  r  503  Oak ;  e  s. 

Potter  Lyman  H.  r  712  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Potter  M.  C.  r  506  S.  Avon. 

Powell  Geo.  r  405  N.  Winnebago ;  w  s. 

Powell  E.  W.  carp ;  r  509  IST.  Second ;  e  s. 

Powell  G.  W.  bds  502  W.  State. 

Pratt  Geo.  miller ;  bds  White's  Hotel. 

Pratt  Wm.  C.  r  207  S.  Third. 

Preble  E.  lab;  r  S.  Twelfth;  W.  A. 

Predmore  Ira,  carp;  1104  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Predmore  L.  mechanic ;  r  Fergusou,cor  Kent. 

Prentice  Fred.  S.  elk ;  r  616  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Prentice  W.  M.  elk ;  bds  122  S.  Second ;  e  s. 

Presbrey  W.  D.  farmer ;  r  1104  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Preston  Mott,  r  806  First  av. 

Price  H.  W.  glove  works;  oiEce  113-115 
W.  State ;  r  530  N.  Church. 

Prince  Chas.  lab ;  bds  703  Peach ;  w  s. 

Prior  D.  S.  r  1009  Second  av ;  e  s. 

Prior  P.  B.  shoemaker ;  r  503  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Proctor  Jno.  street  sprinkler ;  r  1009  Maple. 

Prouty  F.  C.  salesman ;  r  out  of  city  limits, 
E.  State. 

Prouty  Henry  E.  salesman ;  r  1012  W.  State. 

PBOIJTY  WM.  C.  Dealer  in  Boots 
and  Shoes,  126  W.  State  st. ;  residence  1012 
W.  State  St. ;  born  in  Brattleboro,  Vt.,  Aug. 
25,  1808 ;  came  to  Byron,  Ogle  Co.,  111., 
July  22,  1844;  removed  to  Rockford,  April 
14,  1865 ;  married  Adeline  Amelia  Whee- 
lock,  June  21,  1835;  she  was  born  in 
Wardsborough,  Vt.,  Aug.  28,  1812 ;  have 
three  children  living,  Henry  E.,  Frederick 
C,  and  Adelaide  A.,  now  Mrs.  Dr.  T.  M. 
Butler. 

Puffer  Frank  M.  elk ;  bds  W.  S.  Wilkins. 

Pumprey  T.emp  B.W.«&  Co. ;  r  710  N.Church. 

Punnell  J.  H.  ex  mess ;  bds  Holland  House. 

Pyng  T.  liquors,  308  E.  State ;  r  310  N.  1st ;  e  s. 


Q 


UINN  J.  S.  lab;  r  502  S.  First;  e  s. 


Quinn  Mat.  blacksmith;  r  1006  Morgan;  s  s. 
Quinn  Philip,  lab ;  r  South ;  s  s. 
Quinn  Patrick,  r  706  N.  First;  e  s. 
Qninlan  P.  emp  T.  Scott;  r  303  N.Main;  e  s. 

RADECKE  THOS.  F.  upholstery,  over 
116  W.  State,  2d  floor;  r  309  S.  West. 
Rae  Wm.  G.  trav  agt;  r  203  S.  Court;  w  s. 


Raidart  G.  P.  cabinetmkr ;  r  1013  S.  3d ;  e  s. 

RAJLSTON  &  HARVEY,  Dealers 
in  Agricultural  Implements,  Carriages, 
Wagons,  etc.,  502  W.  State  st.,  cor.  Court 
St.  ;John  B.  Ralston  was  born  in  Marietta, 
Washington  Co.,  O.,  April  21,  1846;  came 
to  Harlem,  this  Co.,  in  1850;  engaged  in 
farming  principally,  until  the  fall  of  1872, 
when  he  engaged  in  present  business; 
married  Ellen  Brown,  March  11.  1875; 
she  was  born  in  Harlem,  Winnebago  Co., 
111.,  Aug.  28,  1855 ;  have  one  child,  Ed- 
ward Henry,  born  Feb.  4,  1876 ;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  R.  are  members  of  the  First  Presby- 
terian church ;  residence  612  Knowlton  St., 
South  Side. 

Randall  G.  B.  watchmkr ;  bds  107  N.  1st ;  e  s. 

Rand  S.  L.  elk ;  room  315  W.  State. 

Randolph  R.  J.  diamond  pavement,  over  802 
E.  State;  r  307  East ;es. 

Rankin  Marshall,  carp ;  r  508  Hill ;  e  s. 

Rannie  Wm.  lab;  r,412  S.  West;  w  s. 

Rath  H.  tack  factory,  r  1308  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Raymond  A.  E.  painter ;  bds  906  River ;  s  s. 

Ray  Geo.  emp  N.  C.  T.;  rl009  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Rea  Allen  R.  elk;  r  308  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Read  G.  L.  r  210  IST.  Main ;  w  s. 

Redd  Jas.  r  rear  408  Rural ;  e  s. 

Red  Jas.  emp  gas  works ;  r  504  East ;  e  s. 

Redfield  C.  H.  r  1108  Elm. 

Redfield  Dudley,  r  202  Horsman. 

Redfield  W.hack  driver ;  r  808  Mulberry ;  w  s. 

Redington  H.  P.  502  W.  State ;  r  707  Elm. 

Redmond  Garrett,  r  517  Cedar. 

Redmond  Henry,  r  517  Cedar. 

Redricks  Thos.  lab ;  r  909  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Reed  Rev.  D.  M. r  611  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Reed  Ed.T.  tack  factory ;  bds  602  Rockton  av. 

Reed  Edgar,  tack  factory ;  bds  612  Mulberry. 

BEED  FRA]^KI.I:N"  P.  Traveling 
Insurance  Agent;  residence  906  S.  West 
St. ;  born  in  Lexington,  Mass.,  March  19, 
1835;  came  to  Rockford  in  Sept.,  1875; 
married  Georgia  W.  Wilson,  June  17, 
1858 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  H.,  Dec.  12, . 

Reed  P.  M.  carp ;  r  306  Kishwaukee. 

Reeves  Frank  E.  r  506  Mulberry. 

Reeves  Geo.  carriage  mfr ;  r  506  Mulberry. 

Reeves  Geo.  W.  moulder;  r  522  W.  State. 

Reeves  Geo.  W.  r  209  N.  Court. 

Reeves  Wm.  blacksmith ;  r  522  W.  State. 

R£Gr  AX  JAS.  Boot  and  Shoe  Maker. 
204  W.  State  st. ;  residence  712  N.  Main  st., 
East  Side ;  born  in  Ireland,  Nov.  25,  1826 ; 
came  to  Canada  in  1840 ;  lived  there  until 
1844,  when  he  removed  to  Chicago ;  lived 
there  a  year  or  two,  and  then  went  to  She- 
boygan, and  remained  there  until  1848, 
when  he  returned  to  Chicago  and  made 
that  city  his  home   until  1855,  when  he 


ROCKFORD   CITY. 


517 


ctime  to  Rockford;  married  Mary  Ann 
Wood,  May  4,  1851 ;  she  was  born  in  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y.,  March  28,  1835 ;  they  have  six 
children,  Joseph,  Michael,  John  Valen- 
tine, Mary  Eveleen,  Minerva  and  Agnes  B. ; 
lost  two  daughters,  Virginia  and  Jose- 
phine; served  three  years  in  Co.  K,  74th 
I.  V.  I. ;  is  President  of  the  Kockford  Re- 
form Club. 

Regan  Jno.  lab ;  r  1012  South ;  s  s. 

Regan  Jos.  elk ;   bds  City  Hotel. 

Regan  Michael,  r  712  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Regan  Valentine,  r  712  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

Regan  Wm.  lab ;  r  906  Kent ;  s  s. 

REJUIXGTOX    THOMAS   J.  I.. 

County  Surveyor;  office  at  the  Court 
House;  residence  114  S.  Second  st..  East 
Side ;  born  in  Hopkinton,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  7, 
1823 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1850 ;  married 
Mrs.  Emily  Robinson  for  first  wife ;  she 
died  in  January,  1871 ;  they  had  three 
children ;  only  one  now  living,  Helen  S. ; 
Mr.  R.'s  present  wife  was  Martha  A. 
Gregg;  they  have  one  child,  Rosalind; 
Mr.  R.  has  served  as  County  Surveyor  22 
years;  he  was  City  Engineer  in  1858, 
18(56,  and  1867 ;  served  in  the  war  of  the 
rebellion;  was  Capt.  Co.  A,  74th  I.  V.  I., 
from  September,  1862,  until  May,  1863, 
when  he  became  Major  of  the  74th;  in 
December,  1863,  he  became  Chief  Engi- 
neer of  the  2d  Div.  4th  Army  Corps ;  In 
September,  1864,  he  was  detailed  as  Asst. 
to  Gen.  Sherman's  Chief  Engineer,  Army 
of  the  Tennessee,  where  he  served  until 
February,  1865,  when  he  was  made  Chief 
Engineer  of  the  4th  Army  Corps,  and 
served  as  such  until  he  was  finally  mus- 
tered out,  at  Chicago,  June  26,  1865. 

Renninger  Harry,  carp ;  r  703  Rockton  av. 

Revelle  M.  E.  salesmn ;  bds  808  Seminary ;  e  s. 

Rew  Robert,  teacher ;  r  106  S.  Second ;  e  s. 

Reynolds  G.  W.  auction  and  commission ;  r 
310  N.  Court. 

Reynolds  Geo.  L.  feed  stable.  Elm,  bet  Court 
and  Church;  r  310  N.  Court. 

Reynolds  H.  blacksmith ;  bds  403  JN".  3d ;  e  s. 

Reynolds  James,  r  S.  Winnebago,  s  of  Wall. 

Reynolds  J.  W.  r  606  E.  State. 

Reynolds  W.  B.  salesman ;  r  310  N.  Court. 

Rhoades  Edward,  r  603  N.  Winnebago ;  w  s. 

Rhoades  D.  bds  City  Hotel. 

Rhoades  John,  cooper ;  bds  City  Hotel. 

BHOAD£S  liEVI,  Of  the  firm  of 
Rhoades,  Utter  &  Co.,  Proprietors  of 
Rockford  Paper  Mills;  office  120  W.  State 
St. ;  residence  710  North  Court  st. ;  born 
in  Hinsdale,  Cattaraugus  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June 
25,  1830 ;  his  parents  moved  to  Alabama, 
Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1836,  and  to  Troy, 
Walworth  Co.,  Wis.,  in  1843,  where  he 
lived  until  he  came  to  Rockford,  in  1848 ; 
he  engaged  in  various  kinds  of  work  until 


he  went  into  the  cooperage  business  for 
himself,  in  1853,  a  business  which  he  has 
continued  and  still  carries  on  here  quite 
extensively ;  he  commenced  the  construc- 
tion of  the  Rockford  Paper  Mills  in  1865 ; 
in  the  fall  of  the  same  year  the  Utters 
formed  a  co-partnership  with  him,  and  in 
the  spring  of  1866  they  commenced  manu- 
facturing; became  a  Director  of  the 
Peoples  Savings  Bank  at  the  time  of  its 
organization  in  1873,  and  has  continued  as 
a  Director  ever  since;  in  the  spring  of 
1874  the  Rockford  Watch  Co.  was  organ- 
ized, and  he  became  President  of  the 
company,  a  position  which  he  still  holds ; 
he  is  also  Vice  President  of  the  Rockford 
Tack  Co.,  and  Director  of  Water  Power 
Co.;  was  Mayor  of  Rockford  one  term, 
'76  and  '77 ;  married  Frederica  Rhoades, 
in  December,  1854 ;  she  was  born  in  Ger- 
many ;  they  have  two  daughters,  Lucinda 
H.  and  Luella  I. ;  Mr.  R.  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  M.  E.  Church  about  26  years. 

Rice  Allen,  r  N.  Main,  cor  High ;  w  s. 

Rice  Benj.  G.  r  512  N.  Church;  w  s. 

Rice  Chas.  H.  lab ;  r  807  Ferguson ;  s  s. 

Rice  Geo.  S.  ins  agent ;  r  over  322  E.  State. 

Rice  Joseph,  bds  Forest  City  House. 

Rice  Wm.  r  206  N.  Avon. 

Richardson  O.  A.  lumber ;  r  315  S.Main ;  ws. 

Richards  P.  S.  conduc ;  bds  Holland  House. 

Richey  Rev.  John  H.  pastor  Westminster 
Presbyterian  Church ;  r  501  S.  Second. 

RICH1X€}S    DR.  CHARI.es 

HEBf  RY,  Physician  and  Surgeon ; 
office  302  W.  State  st. ;  residence  804  W. 
State  St. ;  born  in  England,  Feb.  26,  1815 ; 
the  Dr.  studied  medicine  in  Belgium; 
came  to  Rockford,  July  18,  1836 ;  he  has 
been  engaged  in  practice  over  40  years ; 
married  Mary  Stevenson,  of  England; 
they  have  one  son,  Henry,  now  a  prac- 
ticing physician  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

Rich  Wm.  carp ;  407  Horsman ;  w  s. 

Rich  Henry,  carp ;  r  704  Horsman ;  w  s. 

Richmond  G.  upholst'r ;  r  over  116  W.  State. 

Richmon  L.  emp  livery ;  bds  Hardy's  Hotel. 

Ricker  Emerson  E.  elk;  r  711  Elm;  e  s. 

Ricker  Ephraim  G.  collct'ng  agt ;  r  711  Elm. 

Rickon  E.  H.  elk  City  Hotel. 

Ridgley  Edward,  mason ;  r  310  S.Court ;  w  s. 

Ridler  Jno.  W.  (Ridler  Bros.)  r  415  E.  State. 

Ridler  Thos.  K.  (Ridler  Bros.)  r  415  E.State. 

Rightor  C.  r  810  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Riley  Wm.  watchmaker;  r  808  Walnut;  e  s. 

Rimpler  W.  stonecutter ;  bds  602  George  ;w  s. 

Ripcan  Wm.  emp  furn  fac;  bds  L.  Osborne. 

Ripley  F.  P.  watchmkr ;  bds  210  S.  1st ;  e  s. 

Risley  M.  L.  r  706  Rock ;  e  s. 

Rising  Chas.  E.  elk;  r  611  N.  Church;  w  s. 

Rising  Henry,  r  611  N.  Church ;  w  s. 


518 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIBECTOBY: 


Ritchie  C.  plasterer;  r  612  N.  Second;  e  s. 
BITCHIK  JIM,  Mason  and  Plasterer; 

resides  at  113  N.  Third  st.,  East  Rockford ; 
he  is  a  son  of  Francis  E.  and  Margaret 
Eliza  Ritchie,  and  was  born  in  Green- 
bush,  N.  Y.,  April  2,  1830 ;  came  to  Rock- 
ford  in  1857. 

Rivers  Charles,  elk;  r  114  N.  Church. 
Roach  J.  saloon,  S.  Court,  cor  Cedar ;  r  same. 
Robertson  George  J.  portrait  painter;  r  1211 

S.  Winnebago. 
Roberts  Chas.  A.  r  608  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Roberts  C.  furniture,  215  E.  State;  r  716  JS. 

Main ;  e  s. 

Roberts  E.  C.  carp,  510  W.  State ;  r  720  N. 

Court;  w  s. 
Roberts  Fay  E.  bkpr;  r  720  N.  Court;  w  s. 

ROBERTA  GEO.  W.  Sculptor, 
Monument  Builder  and  Designer,  220  S. 
Main  st. ;  residence  307  S.Seventh  st ;  East 
.Side;  Gravestones  of  the  best  American 
and  Italian  marbles;  Mr.  Roberts  imports 
Scotch  Granite  Monuments  direct  from 
Scotland. 

Roberts  J.  W.  shoemkr ;  r  809  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Roberts  C.  J.  r  204  N.  West. 

Roberts  Jeremiah,  N.  West,  nr  Napoleon. 

Roberts  Thos.  O.  bds  907  S.  West;  s  s. 

Roberts  Walter,  r  301  East ;  e  s. 

Roberts  Walter,  cigar  maker ;  bds  C.  Henry. 

Roberts  F.  E.  moulder;  r  1109  S.  West;  s  s. 

Robertson  G.  C.  bds  1211  S.  Winnebago ;  s  s. 

Robertson  Fletcher,  carp ;  r  1015  South. 

Robertson  S.  F.  carp;  r  1015  South. 

ROBERTSON  THOS  D.  President 
Winnebago  National  Bank ;  residence  601 
N.  Main  st. ;  West  Side ;  born  in  Scotland, 
March  18,  1818 ;  came  to  Rockford,  Dec, 
1838. 

Robertson  W.T.  cashier  Winnebago  National 
Bank ;  r  506  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Robertson  G.  moulded;  r  1401  S.  West;  ss. 

Robinson  Chas.  emp  W.  H.  Miller. 

R0BIXl!$09r  CALVIX   liE^VIS, 

Insurance,  Real  Estate  and  Loan  Agent, 
Winnebago  National  Bank  Building; 
born  Nov.  22,  1837,  in  Columbus,  Warren 
Co.,  Penn. ;  vrith  his  parents,  Horace  and 
Fanny  W.  Robinson,  moved  to  Belvidere, 
111.,  June,  1842;  to  Cherry  Valley  in  fall 
of  1853 ;  while  there  engaged  in  the  drug 
business  some  two  years,  on  his  own  ac- 
count ;  in  the  dry  goods  business  two  years, 
as  clerk.  In  the  spring  of  1860  went  to 
Champaign,  111.,  to  help  open  a  dry  goods 
store  for  eastern  parties ;  continued  there 
in  the  business  three  years,  to  April,  1863, 
when  he  entered  into  government  employ, 
in  the  Subsistence  Department,  first  with 
the  Third  Division,  Army  of  the  Ohio,  in 
Eastei'n  Kentucky  and  Western  Virginia ; 
then  in  Eastern  Tennessee  and  Georgia, 


till  fall  of  Atlanta ;  from  there,  back  with 
Gen.  Schofield's  command  to  Nashville, 
Tenn.  After  battle  of  Nashville  and  de- 
feat of  Gen.  Hood,  was  ordered,  Jan. ,1865, 
to  Washington ;  from  there  down  the  coast, 
and  entered  Wilmington,  N.  C,  with  Gen. 
Terry's  command.  Was  stationed  there 
till  fall  of  1865.  In  the  winter  of  1866  en- 
gaged in  the  dry  goods  business  with  Geo. 
M.  Smith,  at  his  present  location  in  Rock- 
ford. The  partnership  continued  till 
May,  1870,  when  Mr.  R.  retired.  Was 
married  June  1,  1870,  to  Miss  Charlotte  C. 
A.  Kent,  youngest  daughter  of  Germanicus 
Kent.  In  the  fall  of  same  year  engaged 
in  his  present  business. 
Robinson  F.  porter   White's  Hotel ;  r  same. 

B0Bi:»fS05f  HEXBY  H.  Real 
Estate  and  Loan  Agent,  325  E.  State  st. ; 
residence  805  Seminary  st. ;  born  in  Chi- 
cago, Sept.  6,  1846 ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
1847 ;  married  Laura  Penfield,  March  27, 
1873 ;  she  was  born  in  Rockford,March  10, 
1848. 

Robinson  J.  B.  bds  310  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Robinson  John,  lab ;  r  807  E.  State. 

Robinson  N.  S.  hardware ;  r  204  N.  Second. 

Robinson  Thos.  carp ;  bds  801  George ;  w  s. 

Robinson  W.  machinist ;  r  801  George ;  w  s. 

Robinson  Walter,  Jr.  r  801  George. 

Robbins  J.  watchmkr ;  bds  American  House. 

Rockwood  Warren,  r  907  S.  Church ;  s  s. 

Rodd  J.  prop  grist  mill ;  r  208  Kishwaukee. 

Rogan  M.  machinist;  r  503  N.  Winnebago. 

Rogers  F.  S.  r  810  Montague ;  s  s. 

Rogers  Jno.  L.  machinist ;  r  N.  Winnebago 
above  Whitman. 

Rogers  Martin,  bolt  fact ;  r  910  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Rogers  Michael,  lab ;  r  910  Crosby ;  e  s. 

Rogers  R.  W.  r  Winnebago  above  Whitman. 

Rogers  W.  r  N.  Winnebago  above  Whitman. 

Rohkar  Henry,  barber;  r  111  N.  Winnebago. 

Rohr  G.  W.  physician  and  surgeon,  over  120 
S.  Main;  r  402  N.  Main;  w  s. 

Rope  Fred,  emp  C.  Schorn ;  r  same. 

Roper  O.  S.  baker;  r  1213  Second  av;  e  s. 

Roper  Sam.  miller :  bds  402  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Rosa  A.  furn  finisher ;  r  Market  cor  E.  State. 

Rosacranse  N.  emp  R.R. ;  r  707  N.  Main ;  e  s. 

RoseBenj.  farmer;  r  Montague  w.  end  s  s. 

Rose  Chas.  emp  White's  Hotel. 

Rose  E.  S.  r  s  end  Kishwaukee. 

Rose  Geo.  r  Montgomery,  w  end  s  s. 

Rose  Henry,  r  Montgomery,  w  end  s  s. 

Rosenberg  Peter,  blacksmith ;  r  S.  Fourth. 

Rosseter  Wm.  E.  r  802  Rock ;  s  s. 

Ross  A.  M.  salesman;  r307  S.  Court;  ws. 

Ross  Hugh  R.  cashier  Home  saving  bank ;  r 
308  S.  Church. 


EOCKTORD   CITY, 


519 


Ross  Jno.  C.  r  710  W.  State. 

Ross  L.P.bkprRockf  natbank,  r  301  S.West. 

ROJ$i$  B.  HERVEY,  Of  the  firm  of 
Catlia  &  Ross,  Grocers,  511  E.  State  St.; 
Mr.  Ross  resides  at  603  Kishwaukee  st. ; 
he  was  born  in  Norfolk  Co.,  Canada  West, 
April  17,  1835;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1856, 
and  to  Ogle  Co.,  111.,  in  1859;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1859;  married  Mary  J.  Sov- 
ereign, Jan.  1,  1860;  she  was  born  in  Can- 
ada West;  have  one  child,  Florence  M., 
born  Jan  13,  1863 ;  Mr.  Ross  is  a  member 
of  the  Rockford  Rifles,  Third  Regt.  111. 
Guards. 

Ross  liobt.  bridgebuilder;  r  511  Rockton  av. 

Ross  Wm.  G.  r  511  Rockton  av. 

Roth  Jno.  F.  cabinetmaker;  r  408  S.  Fifth. 

Rourk  Pat.  lab ;  r  408  S.  Horsman. 

Rourke  Thos.  r  910  South. 

Rouse  Frank,  r  1103  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Rouse  Sager,  r  1103  S.  Court;  s s. 

Rowe  F.  M.  cigars ;  bds  301  East ;  e  s. 

Rowe  Martin,  blacksmith ;  r  301  East ;  e  s. 

Rowell  Henry  W.  r  414  S.  Court;  w  s. 

Rowland  J.P.grocer  ;r  1110  S.Winnebago ;  s  s. 

Rowland  R.  C.  druggist ;  bds  Holland  House. 

Rowlee  A.  r  Winnebago  above  Najjoleon. 

Rowley  Calvin,  r  Prospect;  s  s. 

BOWEEY  E.  A.  Photographer,  331 
W.  State  St. ;  born  in  Sullivan,  Ashland 
Co.,  O.,  Ju^y  10,  1849;  came  to  Rockford 
in  1873;  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  busi- 
ness of  Photographer  four  years. 

Rowley  Edwin  R.  r  509  Catlin. 

Rowley  Milton,  painter ;  r  303  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Royce  A.  T.  street  com ;  r  713  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Ruchhime  Jno.  emp  A.  K.  Shirley. 

Ruddick  B.  machinist;  bds  303  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Rugg  Josiah,  farmer ;  r  W.  State,  city  limits. 

Ruhl  A.  S.  salesman ;  bds  607  N.  Winnebago. 

Rundquist  Chas.  tanner  M.  &  H. ;  r  803  Oak. 

Rundquist  F.O.tailor ;  r  605  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Russell  Chas.  mechanic;  r  South;  s  s. 

Russell  Cornelius,  stock  dlr ;  r  717  Elm ;  w  s. 

Russel  Jno.  mason ;  r  501  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 

Russell  Mich,  lab ;  r  foot  of  Chestnut ;  w  s. 

Russell  Wm.  lab;  bds  113  N.  Second;  e  s. 

RlTTIiEDGE  AINDREYT,  Sup't  of 
Wm.  A.  Knowlton's  Manufactories;  resi- 
dence 1003  Main  St.,  cor.  Loomis  st. ;  born 
in  England,  May  4,  1836 ;  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  1851 ;  first  learned  carpenter's 
trade;  in  1856  commenced  work  in  the 
Reaper  shops;  has  worked  for  N.  C. 
Thompson,  Emerson  &  Co.,  John  P.  Man- 
ny, and  Graham  &  Co.;  has  been  with 
Wm.  A.  Knowlton  since  1873;  married 
Maggie  J.  Ryan,  Sept.  10,  I860;  she  was 
born  in  Ireland;  have  three  children, 
William,  Arthur,  and  Freddie ;  Mr.  R.  is  a 


member  of  Star  in  the  East  Lodge,  No. 
166,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  Winnebago  Chapter, 
No.  34,  etc. 

Rutledge  Wm.  C.  r  311  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Rutledge  Wm.  r  305  N.  Wyman ;  w  s. 

RYAiSr  F.  T.  Proprietor  Central  Wire 
Works,  313  S.  Main  st.,  next  to  Holland 
House;  Manufacturer  of  AVire  Flower  Pot 
Stands,  Window  Guards,  Waste  Paper 
Baskets,  Bank  and  Office  Railing,  Fruit 
and  Umbrella  Stands,  Hat  Stands,  Ladies' 
Work  Baskets,  Sponge  and  Moss  Baskets, 
Coal  and  Sand  Screens,  Barrel  Covers, 
Horse  and  Dog  Muzzles,  Spark  Guards, 
etc.;  Twisted  Wire  Fence  made  to  order; 
Mr.  Ryan  was  born  in  Rochester,  N.  Y., 
Feb.  15,  1856;  came  to  Rockford  about  18 
years  ago. 

Ryan  Jas.  painter ;  r  633  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Ryan  Jas.  lab ;  r  809  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Ryan  Jno.  lab;  r  West;  s  s  near  foot  bridge. 

Ryan  Jno.  lab ;  r  809  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Ryan  Matt,  r  near  foot  bridge,  S.Winnebago. 

Ryan  M.  H.  shoemaker,  113  W.  State;  r  309 
N.  Main;  w  s. 

Ryan  Michael,  moulder,  503  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Ryan  Michael,  lab;  r  1301  Rock. 

Ryan  Michael,  r  406  S.  West. 

Ryan  Tim.  tailor;  bds  Adams,  bet  E.  State 
and  Crosby. 

Ryan  Wm.  lab ;  r  N.  Wyman,  nr  W.  State. 

Ryan  Wm.  lab ;  r  601  Oak. 

Ryan  W.  blacksmith ;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Ryburn  Wm.  r  117  S.  First. 

Rydberg  C.  cabinetmaker ;  r  609  S.  Seventh. 

Rydberg  John  Z.  elk ;  r  603  S  Fourth. 

Rydblom  J.lab;  r  Gregory,bet  S.4th  and  5th. 

Rymand  John,  lab;  r  133  Park;  e  s. 

Ryman  J.  G.  tailor,  317  E.  State;  r  133 Park 

SAAF  S.  tailor ;  r  cor  Sixth  and  Fourth 
av. 

Sabin  Chas.  r  609  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Sackett  E.  B.  painting,  513  E.  State ;  r  305  S. 

First;  e  s. 
Sadewater  F.saIo(m,119  S.Main ;  w  s ;  r  same. 
Saffiemire  Wm.  bds  Hardy's  Hotel. 
Saley  M.  L'  grocer;  r  Peach;  w  s. 
Saline  John,  r  810  Fifth  av;  e  s. 
Saline  S.  A.  lab;  r  810  Fifth  av;  e  s. 
Salstrom  G.  A.  grocer;  r  1311  Third  av. 
Sanies  P.  cultivator  mfr ;  r  416  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Samuelson  C.  r  Gregory,  betS.  4th  and  5th. 
Samson H.  brewer;  r  nof  bridge,Beloitroad. 
Samulson  F.  A.  tailor;  r  411  N.  First;  e  s. 

SA:WB0RX  C.  a.  Druggist,  319  W. 
State  St. ;  residence  505  Rockton  av ;  born 
in  Barry,  Vt,  July  15,  1848;  came  to 
Rockford  in  June,  1867 ;  married  Mary  A. 


520 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIREOTOBY: 


Wallis,  May  14,  1873;  she  was  born  in 
Patterson,  N.  J. ;  they  have  two  children, 
Howard  C.  and  Wallis  R. 

Sanborn  Simon,  bds  114  S.  Second;  e  s. 

Sanborn  R.  S.  r  1217  E.  State. 

Sanders  Alex,  r  Fourth  av,  bet  7th  and  8th. 

Sanders  C.W.  mechanic;  r  1406  Charles;  e  s. 

Sanders  E.  mechanic ;  r  140(i  Charles ;  e  s. 

Sanders  L.S. emp  Chick  &  Cox;  r  8th;  W.A. 

Sanders  Wm.  bds  402  S.  Main^  w  s. 

Sandine  Claus,  shoemkr;  r  513  Union;  e  s. 

Sands  John  F.  lab ;  r  705  Rockton  av. 

Sanford  C.  S.  mechanic;  r  1102  River;  s  s. 

SAUfFORD      <iOODYEAR       A. 

Cashier  of  the  Second  National  Bank, 
and  President  of  the  Rockford  Savings 
Bank,  s  e  corner  of  W.  State  and  Main 
sts. ;  residence  407  N.  Main  st. ;  born  in 
Hamden,  Conn.,  Aug.  28,  1814 ;  he  was  en- 
gasjed  in  farming  pursuits  till  he  came  to 
Alton,  111.,  in  Dec,  1836;  in  1837  he  came 
to  Rockford ;  was  in  mercantile  business 
here  until  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Sher- 
iff, in  1838 ;  served  in  that  capacity  four 
years;  he  iDuilt,  in  1838,  the  first  "flat 
boat"  in  this  section  of  the  State;  loaded 
it  with  potatoes  and  other  produce,  which 
he  marketed  in  St.  Louis;  in  1852,  at 
Cherry  Valley,  he  helped  to  load  the  first 
car  of  grain  which  was  shipped  from  the 
Co. ;  in  1842  he  was  elected  Sheriff;  was 
in  that  position  until  1844;  from  1838  to 
1844  he  collected  the  entire  taxes  of  the 
Co.,  which  amounted  to  only  from  $237  to 
$640  per  annum,  total  collections,  during 
those  years ;  from  1844  to  1847  was  engaged 
in  general  merchandising  on  the  present 
site  of  the  Second  National  Bank ;  com- 
menced the  banking  business  Jan.  1,1855 ; 
the  firm  was  then  Dickerman,  Wheeler  & 
Co.;  in  1856  the  firm  changed  to  Lane, 
Sanford  &  Co  ;  the  Second  National  Bank 
was  organized  Aug.  1,  1864;  Mr.  Sanford 
has  been  its  cashier  since  its  organization; 
he  is  also  President  of  the  Rockford  Sav- 
ings Bank,  which  was  organized  in  Aug., 
1873;  married  Elizabeth  Bassett,  in  Feb., 
1838;  she  died  Oct.,  1857;  they  had  one 
child,  which  died  in  infancy;  his  present 
wife  was  Harriet  Austin;  married  Nov., 
1858 ;  she  was  born  in  Skaneateles,  N.  Y. ; 
Mr.  S.  was  originally  a  Whig;  has  always 
been  prominently  identified  with  the  Re- 
publican party  s'nce  its  organization;  he 
is  a  member  of  the  Congregational  Church. 

Sanford  H.  S.  bds  American  House. 
Sanford  John,  painter;  bds  111  S.Third;  e  s. 
Sargent  J.  H.  barber;  rll3  S.  Main;  w  s. 
Sargent  I.  Chase,  r  602  Pleasant ;  s  s. 
Sargent  Isaac,  ins  agt ;  r  602  Pleasant ;  s  s. 
Satterlee  A.F.printer  Journal;  bds  City  Hot. 
Satterlee  M.  L.  bds  106  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 
Sauber  J.  P.  r  608  North. 


SAVAGE  JOHir  T.  Of  the  firm  of 
Savage  &  Love,  Mill  St.,  on  the  water 
power;  residence  909  Ferguson;  South 
Side;  Pattern  and  Model  Makers;  they  do 
general  wood,  iron,  brass  and  steel  work ; 
all  kinds  of  jobbing  in  those  materials 
done;  Mr.  Savage  was  born  in  Shefford, 
Canada  East,  April  16,  1842;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1866 ;  married  Jane  Wallace, 
May  8,  1866 ;  she  was  born  in  Abbottsford, 
Canada  East,  July  9,  1844;  they  have  five 
sons;  Mr.  S.  served  one  year  and  a  half  in 
the  7th  Maine  Battery;  Republican;  Inde- 
pendent in  religion. 

Savage  T.S.  shoemkr;  r  1024  Mulberry;  w  s. 

Savery  H.  L.  stock  dealer ;  r  905  Second  av. 

Sawyer  H.  J.  constable;  r  814  N.  Main. 

Scannell  M.  J.  billiard  hall  over  303  E. 
State;  r  113  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Scattergood  Walter,  carp ;  r  506  S.  Sixth. 

Scharfenberg  Charles,  lab;  r  912  Horsman. 

Schicker  A.  bakery  and  saloon  315  E.  State; 
r  same. 

Schicker  Edward,  baker ;  r  315  E.  State. 

Schlander ,  lab ;  r  s  s  Park ;  e  s. 

Schmalick  Jos.  tailor ;  r  405  S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Schmalz  George,  saloon ;  r  710  Horsman. 

Schmalz  Jacob,  lab;  r706  Oak. 

Schmauss  John,  r  1106  Charles;  e  s. 

Schmauss  Joseph,  meat  market  115  S.  Main ; 
r  211  N.  Main.  » 

Schmauss  Joseph  L.  elk ;  r  313  E.  State. 

SCHMAUSS  liEONARD,  Propri- 
etor Meat  Market  313  E.  Slate  st. ;  resides 
at  same  No. ;  born  in  Bavaria,  Sept.  29, 
1825;  came  to  Rockford  in  Sept.,  1853; 
married  Margaret  Schlenk,  May  21,  1853; 
she  was  born  in  Bavaria ;  they  have  six 
children  living,  Joseph  L.,  Leonard  H., 
Frank,  Frances,  Edward,  and  Alice ;  they 
have  lost  three  children. 

Schmauss  Leonard,  elk;  r  313  E.  State. 

Schneider  H.blacksmith,r  Wall,  foot  S. Court. 

Schneider  Leonard,  r  Wall,  foot  S.  Court ;  s  s. 

Schnell ,  r  E.  State ;  e  end. 

Schoonmaker  Moses,  r  203  Mulberry;  w  s. 

Schorn  Charles,  meat  market  317  E.  State; 
r  122  S.  Main ;  e  s. 

Schueller  Hermon,  r  Lincoln  av. 

Schuster  Paul,  bkpr ;  r  533  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Schultz  Chas.  lab;  r  708  Wall,  foot  S.  Court. 

Schwartz  Charles,  employe  furniture  factory ; 
r  L.  Osborne. 

Schwender  John,  saloon  319  E.  State ;  r  same. 

Schwender  John,  Jr.,  elk ;  r  319  E.  State. 

Scully  John,  lab;  r  1013  South. 

Scott  Charles,  barber;  r  702  George;  w  s. 

Scott  Douglas,  butcher ;  bds  313  E.  State. 

Scott  James,  r  702  George ;  w  s. 

Scott  John,  painter ;  bds  414  S.  Main ;  w  s. 


ROCKFORD   CITY. 


521 


Scott  Sylvester,  lab;  r  Seminary,  at  limits. 

Scott  T.  coal  202  E.  State;  r  116  N.  2d;  e  s. 

Scott  Wm.  r  208  Horsman. 

Scougall  T.  O.  masoa;  r  1217  S.  Winnebago. 

Scovill  H.  C.  Inmber;  r  709  Seminary. 

Scovill  Henry  T.  r  1014  S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Scovill  Horace,  r  with  J.  Wiggins,  Prospect. 

Scully  Benj.  watchmkr;  bds  308  Walnut;  e  s. 

Seal  Christopher,  r  1103  Second  av. 

SEALY  GEORGE  A.  Assistant 
Superintendent,  Emerson,  Talcott  &  Co. ; 
boards  at  009  N.  Church  st. ;  born  in 
En|dand,  May  11,  1841 ;  his  parents  moved 
to  Wkneva,  N.  Y.,  in  1843;  lived  there  10 
years;  then  removed  to  Dansville,  Liv- 
ingston Co.,  N.  Y. ;  resided  there  about 
3  years;  then  came  to  Rockford,  arriving 
here  Jan.  1,  1856 ;  for  6  years  he  was  en- 
gaged in  the  manufacture  of  sash,  doors, 
and  blinds;  then  he  went  to  Chicago, 
wheie  he  remained  2  years;  then  went  to 
Denver,  where  he  spent  1  year ;  from  there 
he  moved  to  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  where  he 
resided  nearly  2  years;  then  returned  to 
Rockford;  he  has  been  with  Emerson, 
Talcott  &  Co.  since  Aug.,  1876 ;  married 
Mrs.  Fannie  E.Zimmerman,  Aug.  5,  1877; 
his  first  wife  was  Jennie  A.  Paxson ;  she 
died  May  4,  1876;  one  daughter  by  first 
matriage,  Louise  J.,  born  Dec.  6,  1866; 
Mr.  Sealy  served  3  years  and  10  months 
in  Co.  G,  45th  I.  V.  I. ;  was  1  year  Ser- 
geant ;  2  years  was  Commissary  of  Regi- 
ment; was  commissioned  Second  Lieu- 
tenant; participated  in  all  the  engage- 
ments which  the  45th  Regt.  was  in,  Ft. 
Henry,  Ft.  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Corinth, 
Tackson  (Tennessee),  etc. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S. 
are  members  of  the  Christian  Union 
Church. 

Searle  B.  salesman ;  bds  American  House. 

Searle  R.  shoemaker ;  r  705  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Sears  B.  C.  secy  brush  co ;  r  303  S.  Winnebago. 

Sears  D.  A.  trav  agt ;  r  600  Peach ;  w  s. 

Sears  David  G.  r  607  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Sears  Henry,  r  602  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Seccomb  J.  W.  books  and  stationery  317  W. 
State ;  r  306  N.  West ;  w  s. 

Seelev  W.  F.  agt  sewing  machines;  bds 
White's  Hotel. 

Seeley  Wm.  T.  r  117  N.  First;  e  s. 

Segar  John,  r  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 

Segur  J.  F.  machinist;  r  1003  S.  Court;  s  s. 

SEGITR  JOHX,  Foreman  Machinery 
Department  Emerson,  Talcott,  &  Co. ; 
residence  828  S.  Main  St.,  cor  Morgan  st. ; 
born  in  Granville,  Conn.,  July  6,  1830; 
removed  to  Beloit,  Wis.,  in  1855 ;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1857;  married  Jane  Trow- 
bridge, July  6,  1852;  she  was  born  in 
New  Hartford,  Conn.,  in  1830;  they  have 
two  children,  James  F.  and  Sarah  A. 

Seidermann  Christof,  r  over  108  W.  State. 


Sexton  John,  plasterer ;  r  914  Rock ;  s  s. 
Seymour  Samuel,  r  409  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Shaffer  W.  H.  plasterer;  r  914  Pecatonica. 
Shattstall  John  M.  r  305  S.  Church;  w  s. 
Shafistall  S.  P.  r  305  Church;  w  s. 
Shalin  A.  W.  bkpr;  r  1101  East;  s  s. 
Shannon  F.  J.  printer.   Register;  r  Eighth, 

bet  Tenth  and  Eleventh  avs;  W.  A. 
Shannon  J.  blacksmith ;  r  507  N.  First;  e  s. 
Shannon  L.  B.  miller;  r  Eighth,  bet  Tenth 

and  Eleventh  avs ;  W.  A. 
Shattack  Wm.  carp;  bds  111  S.  Third;  e  s. 
Shattuck  Wm.  carp ;  r  806  Peach :  w  s. 
Shaut  Col.  W.  B.  cutter;  r  306  N.  Church. 
Shaw  C.  A.  r  310  S.  Second;  e  s. 
Shaw  F.  A.  carp ;  r  Ferguson,  s  of  Loomis ;  s  s. 
Shaw  Gust,  lab ;  r  706  Wall ;  s  s. 
Shaw  Jas.  watchmkr ;  bds  American  House. 
Shaw  John  A.  r  S.  Tenth :  W.  A. 
Shaw  O.  B.  Dep  Co  Clk ;  r  903  N.  Court ;  w  s. 
Shaw  W.A.  carp ;  r  Ferguson,  s  of  Loomis ;  s  s 
Shaw  Wm.  F.  wagon  maker ;  r  108  N.  Fifth. 
Shaw  Zachariah,  r  903  N.  Court ;  w  s. 
Shedd  David,  moulder ;  r  802  Rock ;  s  s. 
Shedd  Henry  C.  moulder ;  r  807  River ;  s  s. 
Sheflield  D.  S.  r  902  Horsman. 
Sheffield  F.  B.  carp ;  r  306  Chestnut ;  w  s. 
Shelden  E.  M.  bkpr,  Peoples  Savings  Bank ; 

r  1012  Mulberry. 
Sheldon  Benj.  R.  Judge  Supreme  Court,  over 

Winnebago  Nat.  Bank;  r  1104  W.  State. 
Sheldon  C.  W.  Secy  Forest  City  Ins  Co ;  r 

514  N.  Second. 
Sheldon  Chas.  E.  ins  agt;  r  514  N.  Second. 
Sheldon  G.  P.  elk  ins  co;  r  514  N.  Second. 
Sheldon  T.  B.  painter;  bds  City  Hotel. 
Shelp  Geo.  H.  tailor ;  r  303  Morgan ;  s  s. 
Shepardson  E.  D.  bds  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Shepardson  W.  B.  bds  302  S.  Main;  w  s. 
Shepherd  R.  A.  lime  kiln ;  r  1109  Third  av. 
Sherer  A.  F.  painter ;  r  204  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Sherer  G.  wagonmakr ;  r  204  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Sherer  G.  W.  confectionery;    bds   114    N. 

Winnebago. 
Sherman  Chas.  E.  lab ;  r  918  Rockton  av. 
Sherman  Fred.  M.  marble  carver ;  r  220  S. 

Main;  w  s. 
Sherman  T.  M.  bds  Hardy's  Hotel. 
Sherratt  A.  H.  ins  agt;  r  406  Horsman. 
Sherwood  Chas.  M.  trav  agent ;  r  507  Locust. 
Shields  M.butcher;  r  717  N.Winnebago  ;w  s. 
Shimmin  E.  blacksmith;  r  610  E.Court;  e  s. 
Shirley  A.  K.  lab;  r  901  Cedar;  s  s. 
Shlademan  Henry,  mason;  r  1104  Rock;  s  s. 

SHOUDY  GEORGE  A.  Soap  Man- 
ufacturer, 709  S.  Sixth  St. ;  residence  805 


622 


WINlSrEBAGO    COUNTY   DIEEOTOET: 


Sixth  av.,  East  Side ;  born  in  Niles,  Mich., 
May  4,  1837;  went  to  Rock  Island  in 
1840;  moved  to  Allen's  Grove,  Lee  Co., 
111.,  in  1844;  followed  farming  pursuits 
there  until  21  years  of  age,  then  engaged 
in  mercantile  business,  at  Rochelle,  Ogle 
Co.,  111. ;  continued  in  that  business  seven 
years,  until  he  came  to  Rockford,  in  1870, 
and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  soaps ; 
he  is  manufacturing  all  kinds  of  hard  and 
soft  soaps,  laundrjr,  toilet  and  fancy  soaps 
of  every  description  and  of  best  quality. 

Shoults  Louis,  lab ;  r  1305  Charles ;  e  s. 

Shores  Horace,  carp ;  r  1203  S.  Main ;  s  s. 

Shores  Lorenzo  D.  watchman ;  r  Ferguson, 
cor  Montague. 

Shores  O.  B.  r  Knowlton,  foot  S.Church ;  s  s. 

Shugrue  Patrick,  lab ;  r  308  Court ;  e  s. 

Shumway  R.  H.  seedsman,  over  333  E.State ; 
r  509  Pope. 

Shunbt  Andrew,  emp  American  House. 

Shurtliss  Charles,  emp  A.  Vanlnwagen. 

Sidders  C.  employe  Graham  &  Co. ;  r  1110 
S.  Main;  s  s. 

Sine  John  B.  ins  agt;  r  807  N.  Main;  w  s. 

SIIiSBY  GEORGE  A.  Proprietor 
Globe  Shoe  Store,  110  S.  Main  st. ;  resi- 
dence same  number,  up  stairs;  born  in 
Rockford,  March  28, 1847 ;  married  Emily 
Derwent,  Feb.  25,  1868 ;  she  was  born  in 
Durand  Tp.,  this  Co.,  Oct.  1,  1847 ;  they 
have  two  children,  Mabel  C.  and  Maud 
M.;  Mr.  Silsby  served  in  Co.  K,  132d 
I.  V.  I. 

SII.SBY  HARVEY  H.  Retired 
Merchant;  residence  311  South  Court 
street;  born  in  Acworth,  Sullivan  Co., 
N.  H.,  Nov.  1,  1817;  came  to  Alton,  111., 
in  December,  1837 ;  resided  there  until  his 
removal  to  Rockford,  April  24, 1838 ;  mar- 
ried Melinda  Stearns,  at  Claremont,  N.  H., 
Aug.  ]7,  1842;  she  was  born  in  Cornish, 
N.  H.,  July  30,  1818;  they  have  four  chil- 
dren, Mary  E.,  now  Mrs.  Levi  Sanders, 
George  E.,  born  March  28,  1847,  Hattie  J., 
and  Flora  M.,  born  April  8,  1856. 

Simons  Rev.  Abraham;  r  809  N.  Court;  ws. 

Simons  C.  L.  carp;  r  610  Mulberry;  w  s. 

Simons ,  with  Wm.  Blinn,  Harlem  av. 

Simpson  Isaac,  gardener ;  r  720  North ;  e  s. 

Simpson  Wm.  gardener;  r  720  North;  es. 

Skeyhan  J.  lab ;  r  808  N.  Winnebago. 

Skiff  Wm.  T.  r  605  Kishwaukee;  e  s. 

Skiller  James,  shoemaker ;  r  906  Rockton. 

SKIXXER  HEKRY  M.  Superin- 
tendent of  Enoch  &  Briggs'  Plow  Fac- 
tory; residence  1003  S.  Main  st. ;  born  at 
Barry  Centre,  Orleans  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  17, 
1835;  his  parents  came  to  Rockford  in 
1839;  he  married  Eleanor  J.  Stockwell, 
Sept.  5,  1861 ;  she  was  born  in  Penn ;  they 
have  two  children,  Edith  L.  and  Carrie 
R. ;   lost    one  daughter,  Lizzie    M.,  who 


died  at  the  age  of  7  years ;  Mr.  S.  served 
nine  months  in  Co.  M,  8th  Illinois  Cav. ; 
he  has  been  engaged  in  present  business 
13  years,  with  same  manufacturers  during 
the  entire  time ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Winnebago  st.  M.  E.  Church. 
Skinner  E.  H.  Rockford  Packing  Co. ;  r  W. 

State,  near  limits. 
Skinner  R.  W.  elk ;  bds  306  N.  Court. 
Skogland  John,  lab ;  r  cor  8th  and  6th  av. 
Sloggett  Wm.  mason ;  r  Blaisdell,  w  of  fair 
ground. 

Smith  A.  B.  carp ;  bds  305  S.  Church ;  w  s. 

SMITH  ABRAHAM  E.' Residence 
711  N.  Court  St.;  born  April  6,  18i|  in 
Royston,  England;  in  1850,  in  company 
with  his  widowed  mother  and  younger 
brother,  emigrated  to  this  country,  and 
settled  at  Quincy,  111.;  in  1854,  removed 
to  Chicago;  in  1858  removed  to  Wood- 
stock, McHenry  Co.,  111.,  and,  with  his 
brother,  purchased  the  Woodstock  Senti- 
nel; in  1861  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  Postmaster  at  Woodstock,  and 
served  live  years,  till  Andrew  Johnson 
apostatized ;  that  year  he  sold  the  Sentinel 
and  removed  to  Indianapolis,  conducting 
the  Daily  Evening  Gazette  for  9  months ; 
disposing  of  that,  he  then,  in  March,  1867, 
removed  to  Rockford,  and,  with  his 
brother,  purchased  a  controlling  interest 
in  the  Rockford  Register  \  in  July,  of  the 
same  year,  disposed  of  the  Register,  and  in 
the  following  month,  with  Wm.  E.,  pur- 
chased the  Rockford  Gazette;  in  1869  ffe 
bought  out  his  brother's  interest,  and  has 
since  been  sole  proprietor  of  that  hand- 
somely appointed  newspaper  establish- 
ment; in  February,  1875,  was  appointed, 
by  President  Grant,  Postmaster  of  Rock- 
ford, which  position  he  still  holds;  in 
1869,  married  Frankie  J.  Rice,  at  Beloit, 
Wis.,  a  native  of  Waverly,  New  York ;  has 
three  children,  Abraham  Phillip,  Lillian 
Rice,  and  Sydney  William. 

SMITH  ADEI.BERT,  Clerk  for  F. 
K.  &  W.  H.  Dunshee;  resides  at  606 
George  st. ;  born  in  Owen  Tp.,  this  Co., 
July  29,  1858;  he  is  a  son  of  John  and 
Jerusha  Smith,  who  settled  in  Owen  Tp. 
over  twenty  years  ago. 

Smith  A.  J.  grocery  and  provisions,  419  W. 
State;  r  708  N.  Church. 

Smith  A.  M.  blacksmith;  r  1211  Second  av. 

Smith  Benj.  mason;  room  Wallach's  block. 

Smith  Charles,  emp  Holland  House. 

Smith  Chas.  harness  maker,  505  W.  State ;  r 
507  Elm. 

Smith  C.  M.  clothier ;  r  613  E.  State. 

Smith  Danl.  B.  paper  mkr ;  r  1005  River ;  s  s. 

SMITH  €OIi.  ElilPHAZ,  Manu- 
facturer of  E.  D.  Waterbury's  Patent  Com- 
bined Extension  Rule;  Office  and  Factory 
in  Emerson  &  Co.'s  building,  Water  Pow- 
er ;  residence  507  Loomis  St.,  South  Side ; 


ItOCKFOKD   CITY. 


523 


born  in  Greenfield,  Ulster  Co.,  jS".  Y.,  Oct. 
3,  1841 ;  enlisted  Sept.  17,  1861,  in  Co.  K, 
56th  jS".  Y.  V.  I.;  promoted  to  Second 
Lieuteniint,  Oct.  10,  1801;  to  Captain,  June 
10,1862;  to  Major,  Feb.  15,  1864,  and  to 
Lieutenant  Colonel,  Sept.  29,  1865  ;  married 
Sara  Emma  Barnes,  Jan.  22,  1866;  they 
have  four  children:  Cora  E.,  born  Sept.  7, 
1867;  Willie  B.,  March  29,  1870;  Myron 
W.,  Oct.  27,  1871,  and  Fred  E.,  March  29, 
1873;  the  Colonel  came  to  Rockford  in 
July,  1866 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  business 
until  Sept.,  1876,  when  he  sold  out,  and  in, 
Nov.,  1876,  engaged  in  manufacturing- 
business,  which  he  is  now  carrying  on  ;- 
renresented  the  Fifth  Ward  in  Common 
Council  from  1875  to  1877;  he  is  now 
member  of  the  Board  of  Education. 

Smith  Elka,  harness  maker;  r  507  Elm  ;  w  s. 

Smith  E.  S.  livery,  cor  S.  Court  and  Elm;  r 
1020  W.  Slate. 

SMITH  FRANK  G.  Dealer  in  Leath- 
er, Sadlery,  Hardware,  Buftalo  Robes, 
Horse  Blankets,  Fly  Nets,  Collars,  Brushes, 
and  Manufacturer  of  every  vartety  of  Har- 
ness ;  cash  paid  for  Hides,  Pelts  and  Tal- 
low ;  Store,  No.  306  E.  State  sf. ;  boards  at 
208  S.  Main  St.,  East  Side;  born  in  Ke- 
nosha, Wis.,  Jan.  8,  1847 ;  came  to  Rock- 
ford  in  1861. 

Smith  Frank  L.  baker,  315  E.  State. 

Smith  Geo.  r  over  330  E.  State. 

Smith  G.  D.  ins  agt;  r  S.  Tenth,  cor  Tenth  av. 

SMITH  GEORCJE  M.  Dealer  in  Dry 
Goods  and  Furs,  305  W.  State  st. ;  residence 
430  N.  Main  si. ;  born  in  Pike,  N .  Y.,  Nov. 
1,1832;  came  to  Rockford,  Aug.  6,  1854; 
married  Calista  J.  Bronson,  Oct.  24,  1855 ; 
she  was  born  in  Warsaw,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  3, 
1836 ;  they  have  three  sous  and  three  daugh- 
ters; Mr.  Smith  is  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Supervisors,  elected  from  the  4th  Ward. 

Smith  G.  H.  mechanic ;  r  1110  S.  Court ;  s  s. 

Smith  Herbert  C.  r  306  S.  Winnebago. 

Smith  Herbert,  r  A.  F.  Phillips. 

Smith  Henry,  harness  mkr ;  r  120  N.Maiu ;  e  s. 

Smith  H.T.  stone  mason ;  r  809  Ferguson ;  s  s 

Smith  J.  stone  mason ;  bds  502  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Smith  John  C.  cooper ;  bds  C.  Henry. 

Smith  John  D.  bds  City  Hotel. 

Smith  J.  D.  employe  E.,  T.  &  Co;  r  1103  S. 
Winnebago ;  s  s. 

Smith  John,  r  906  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Smith  John,  Jr.,  r  606  George ;  e  s. 

Smith  J.  H.  tailor;  r  301  S.  Avon. 

Smith  Jos.  employe  J.  Schmauss;  bds  211 
N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Smith  Joseph  S.  r  613  E.  State. 

Smith  L.  K.  harness  maker;  r  507  Elm ;  w  s. 

Smith  N.  S.  salesman;  r  904  Cedar. 

Smith  Patrick,  lab ;  r  n  e  Pecatonica. 

Smith  R.  C.  printer,  Gazette;  bds  521 W.  State. 


Smith  Robt.  well  digger;  r  801  Rockton  av. 

Smith  R.  G.  hats  and  caps,  120  W.  State;  r 
601  N.  Second. 

Smitii  Robert,  r  603  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Smith  S.  W.  watchmaker;  r  rear  408  S. 
Main ;  e  s. 

Smith  Stephen,  lab;  r  205  S.  Waaler;  e  s. 

Smith  Thomas,  brewer;  r  110  S.  Main;  e  s. 

Smith  Walter,  r  402  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Smith  Wm.  H.  r  over  320  E.  State. 

Smith  Wm.  H.  messenger  Second  Nat  Bank ; 
r  713  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 

Smith  Rev.  Wilder,  pastor  First  Congrega- 
tional Church ;  r  1212  E.  State. 

Smith  Wm.  carp;  r  911  First  av;  e  s. 

Snell  Alander,  painter;  r  1008  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Snell  Andrew,  lab;  r  501  Pope. 

Snow  J.  M.  r  204  N.  First;  e  s. 

Snyder  W.  D.  moulder ;  r  over  111  S.First ;  e  s. 

Sodergreen  Chas.  mechanic;  r  602  Kish- 
waukee ;  e  s. 

Sonstrom  P.  cabinetmkr;  r  1101  3d  av;  e  s. 

Soper  H.  B.  notions ;  r  703  E.  State. 

Soper  W.  F.  emp  watch  fact;  r  305  S.lst;  es. 

SOUTHGATE  J.  M.  Of  the  firm  of 
Southgate  Bros.,  Grocers,  427  E.  State  st. ; 
resides  at  608  Grove  si. ;  born  m  Bridge- 
water,  Vt.,  July  10,  1837 ;  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  1852 ;  married  C.  J.  Shaw,  Sept.  10, 
1862;  she  was  born  in  Michigan;  have 
two  children  ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  members 
of  the  First  Congregational  church;  Mr. 
S.  served  three  months  in  Co.  D,  11th  1.  V. 
I.;  enlisted  m  1861,  when  the  first  call  for 
troops  was  made. 

Southgate  V.  M.  grocer ;  r  1016  E.  State. 

Southworth  Frank M.  r  302  N.  Third;  e  s. 

Southworth  S.  B.  r  302  N.  Third ;  e  s. 

Sovereign  C.  E.  salesman;  r  112  N.  Winne- 
bago ;  w  s. 

SOVEREIGN  ISRAEL,  Dealer  in 
Stoves  and  Hardware,  118  S.  Main  st. ;  res- 
idence 116  S.  jMain  St.;  born  in  Canada, 
Nov.  6,  1827 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1840, 
and  has  resided  here  since  that  time;  was 
engaged  in  farming  pursuits  until  23  years 
of  age ;  in  1857  be  purchased  a  third  inter- 
est in  the  Hardware  business  of  the  firm 
of  Day  &  Breasted;  in  one  year  Day  le- 
tired  from  the  firm,  and  the  business  was 
continued  bj'  Breasted  &  Sovereign  two 
years  longer,  when  Mr.  Sovereign  became 
the  sole  proprietor  of  the  business,  which 
he  has  continued  alone,  with  theexception 
of  a  period  of  five  years,  two  years  of 
which  lie  was  associated  witli  Alfred  Lun- 
ders,  and  three  years  with  Edgar  A.  Van 
Wie ;  Mr.  S.  was  for  several  years  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Board  of  Education ;  he  was  for 
14  years  Superintendent  of  the  South 
Rockford  Methodist  Sunday  School,  and 
through  his  efl:brts  the  money  was  raised 


524 


WESTNEBAGO   COUNTY   DEREOTOEY! 


and  the  S.  Rockford  M.  E.  church  was 
built  and  placed  on  a  good  financial  basis ; 
he  married  Laura  A.  Judd,  Jan.  15,  1851 ; 
she  was  born  in  Ohio,  March  11,   1831; 
have  three  children ;  C.  Eugene,  born  Sept. 
32,  1852;  Frederick  Jerome,  Nov.  1, 1854; 
Alice  Maud,  Sept.  25,  1871. 
Sovereign  F.  J.  bkpr;  r  116  S.  Main;  w.  s. 
SP AFFORD    A.  C.  President  of  the 
Third  National  Bank,  323  E.  State  st. ;  res- 
idence on   Prospect  st.,   near  city  limits; 
born  at  Adams,  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept. 
14,  1824;  came  to  Rockford  in  Oct.,  1839; 
was  engaged  in  farming   pursuits  until 
1848,  when  he  went  to  N.  Y.  and  spent 
one  year,  then  returned  and  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  business,  and  built  a  saw 
mill  on  the  old  Water  Power ;  he  went  to 
California  in  1850,  where  he  remained  two 
years,  when  he  returned  to  Rockford  and 
again  engaged  in  mercantile  trade  with  L. 
B.  Gregory,  and  continued  in  that  busi- 
ness for  about  two  years,  when  he  engaged 
in  Banking,  the  firm  being  at  that  time, 
Briggs,  Spafford  &  Penfiekl ;  he  has  con- 
tinued in  Banking  business  ever  since ;  be- 
came   President  of  the  Third  National 
Bank  at  the  time  of  organization,  Sept.  1, 
1864;  has  held  various  townshii^  and  mu- 
nicipal  ofiices;  was  one  of  the  Illinois 
State   Commissioners  at  the  Centennial ; 
married    Elizabeth  B.  White,  March  25, 
1850;  she  was  born  in  Peterboro,  N.  H. ; 
have  four  children.  Belle,  L.  Nettie,  Jessie 
and  George  C. 
SpaflTord  C.  C.  r  209  First;  e  s. 
Spafi"ord  Chas.  H.  r  206  S.  Main ;  e  s. 
Spafford  C.  H.,  jr.,  r  206  S.  Main;  e  s. 
JSPAFFORD  J  NO.    Lumber  Dealer, 
201  N.  Main  st. ;  residence  205  East  st.. 
East  Side ;  born  in  Adams,  Jefferson  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Nov.  26,  1821 ;  came  to  Rockford, 
June  1,  1839 ;  was  for  two  years  engaged 
in  improving  the  water  power  at  New 
Milford,  this  Co.;  two  years  engaged  in 
farming  and  mercantile  business;  July  26, 
1843,  he    married    Harriet    White;    five 
years  thereafter  he  was  engaged  in  farming 
on  what  is  known  as  the  Grove  farm,  south 
of  Rockford;  in  1849  he  engaged   in  the 
grocery  trade  in  E.  Rockford ;  continued 
in  that  business  until  .1856,  when  he  be- 
came General  Agent  of  the  Kenosha  rail- 
road, and  was  engaged  with  that  company 
about  four  years ;  built  a  large  grain  ware- 
house in  1860,  and  the  large  Wire  Works 
block  on  N.  Main  st.,  both  in  East  Rock- 
ford ;  from  1859  to  1872,  was  engaged  in 
the  Grain  business,  and  has  been  "in  the 
Lumber  trade  since  1865 ;  was  Alderman 
SIX  years ;  is  a  member  of  the  First  Con- 
gregational   society;    was  for  about  ten 
years  one  of  the  Trustees  of  the  society ; 
his  wife  is  a  member  of  the  First  Congre- 
gational  church;  has   three   children,  A. 
Katie,  Alice  E.,   and    Jennie,  now  Mrs. 
Philip  Holland ;  Mr.  S.  is  senior  member 


of  the  firm  of  Spafford,   Parmele  &  Co., 

Manufacturers  of  Wire  Goods. 
Spalding  E.  C.  watchmkr ;  r  507  E.Seminary. 
Spalding  H.  R.  machinist;  r  507  E.  Semi- 
nary ;  e  s. 
Spalding  A.  G.  r  302  Horsman. 
Spaulding  A.  C.  carp ;  r  707  Pecatonica. 
Spaulding  B.  F.  notions ;  r  602  George,  cor 

Winnebago. 
Spaulding  Dexter  D.  marble  cutter;  r  602 

George ;  w  s. 
Spaulding  D.  G.  r  122  N.  Court;  w  s. 
Spaulding  G.  H.  machinist;  r  812  Rock;  s  s. 
Spaulding  O.  F.  notions ;  r  602  George,  cor 

Winnebago. 
Spear  Jas.  R.  barber ;  r  806  Crosby ;  e  s. 
Speake  G.  W.  music ;  r  917  N.  Court ;  w  s. 
Spellman  F.  W.  watchmkr ;  r  304  Horsman. 
Spellman  H.  A.  r  304  Horsman. 
Spellman  M.  J.  bolt  shop ;  r  806  South ;  s  s. 
Spencer  D.  W.  milkman ;  r  Lincoln  av. 
Spencer  H.plunder  store,205  W.State ;  r  same. 

Spencer ,  r  1008  Mulberry ;  w  s. 

Spink  Robt.  S.  r  207  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Sprague  C.  W.  elk ;  bds  505  Peach. 
Spitts  Jno.  tailor,  room  over  328  E.  State. 
Springer  I.  W.  wind  mills ;  r  504  S.  Second. 
Spurr  Rufus,  over  310  E.  State. 
Stanbro  I.flour  andfeed,N.Main;  e  s;  rsame. 
Stanley  A.  G.  patternmkr ;  r  1006  S.  West ;  s  s. 
Stanley  G.  H.  trav  agt;  r  1006  S.  West;  s  s. 
Stanley  S.W.coal  503  S.Main ;  r  302  S.Church. 
Staplin  Geo.  W.  ins  agt;  r  1201  S.  Court;  s  s. 
Staplin  W.  D.  ins  agt ;  r  405  S.  Fourth. 
Starks  Ezekiel,  r  S.  Eleventh,  W.  A. 
Starkweather  E.  S.  ins  agt;  r  1209  Second  av. 
Starr  Chandler,  assistant  cashier  Winnebago 

National  Bank ;  r  508  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Starr  David,  bds  503  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

STARR  HARRY  :Sf.  Proprietor 
Holland  House ;  born  in  New  York  City, 
Aug.  12,  1840 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1850 ; 
married  Emma  Stuart,  July,  1861 ;  she 
was  born  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  they  have  two  children,  Laura  L. 
and  Mabel;  Mr.  Starr  was  engaged  in 
mercantile  business  here  from  1858  to 
1868;  Sept.  1,  1868,  he  became  Proprietor 
of  the  Holland  House,  and  has  conducted 
it  ever  since,  having  purchased  the  house 
in  1874 ;  he  was  Supervisor  of  the  Third 
Ward  in  1876  and  1877;  he  is  Second 
Lieutenant  of  the  Rockford  Rifles,  Third 
Regt.  Illinois  State  Guards. 

STARR  MEIiAIIfCTHOJr,  Vice 
President  Winnebago  National  Bank; 
residence  503  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Startup  W.  T.  blacksmith ;  r  708  George ;  w  s. 

Stearns  L.  A.  mason;  r  802  Second  av. 


ROOKFORD  omr. 


525 


Stearns  L.  E.  mason ;  r  802  Second  av ;  e  s. 

Stearns  Lloyd,  r  310  Horsman. 

Stearns  W.S. knitting  factory  Masonic  Block ; 

r  814  Horsman ;  w  s. 
Steele  C.  W.  painter ;  r  1509  Fourth  av ;  e  s. 
Steel  George,  lab;  r  1415  Charles;  e  s. 
Steenberg  C.  G.  r  s  Park ;  e  s. 
Steenberg  D.  P.  painter;  r  702  N.  Main;  e  s. 
Steffa  S.  painter;  room  413  S.  Court;  w  s. 
Stenander  Peter,  lab ;  r  134  S.  AVater ;  e  s. 
Stenball  John  A.  r  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 
Stennett  J.  cabinet  maker;  r  405  S.  3d;  e  s. 
Stephen  W.  A.  mason;  r  1310  S.  Court;  s  s. 
Stern  H.  clothing  313  W.  State;  r  210  N. 

Church ;  w  s. 
Stern  Sam,  clothier  cor  Main  and  W.  State ; 

r  218  N.  Church ;  w  s. 
Stevens  Anthony,  watchmaker ;  r  803  1st ;  e  s. 
Stevens  C.  J.  ins  agt;  r  605  N.  Court;  w  s. 
Stevens  J.  J.  woodturner ;  r  609  S.  7th ;  e  s. 
Stewart  D.  J.,  Jr.,  salesman ;  r  305  Horsman. 
Stibb  John,  r  305  Kishwaukee. 
Stilwell  H.   B.  elk;  r  206  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Stiner  C.J.A.stonecutter  ;bds  402  S.Main ;  w  s. 
Stites  Geo.  carp ;  r  1212  Third  av ;  e  s. 
Stites  Joshua,  carp;  r  1212  Third  av;  e  s. 
Stocking  Rev.  S.  H.  r  515  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Stockhus  C.  A.  blacksmith ;  r  702  S.  Third. 
Stockhus  J.G.  blacksmith ;  bds  702  S.  3d ;  e  s. 
Stone  H.  H.  tannery ;  r  out  of  town. 
Stone  Michael,  lab ;  r  Lincoln  av. 
Stoner  B.  F.  patternmaker ;  r  601  Third ;  e  s. 
Story  A.  J.  ins  agt;  r  1106  S.  Main;  s  s. 
Stothard  W.  tailor ;  r  Ninth  cor  Fifth  av ;  e  s. 
Stothard  W.  N.  r  Ninth  cor  Fifth  av;  e  s. 
Strachan  Alex.  trav.  agt;  r  1405  S.  West;  s  s. 
Stroh  Charles,  r  1310  Charles. 
Stromberg  Abraham,  emp  C.  C.  Briggs. 
Stromberg  G.  A.  r  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 
Stromberg  John,  r  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 
Stromberg  John  S.  r  stone  row  opp  Chick 

&  Cox's  Mill. 
Strong  David  E.  lab ;  r  507  S.  Pleasant. 
Strong  Charles,  stone  cutter;  r  1112  W.  State. 
Stuart  S.  S.  salesman ;  r  403  Kishwaukee. 
Stuart  Wm.  constable ;  r  723  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Stuckhus  J.  P.  blacksmith ;  r  609  S.  7th ;  e  s. 
Sturtevant  Z.  B.  miller;  r  610  E.  State. 
Snllivan  D.J.wagonmkr  ;bds  502  S.Main ;  w  s 
Sullivan  P.  J.  fireman  R.R. ;  r  1001  South. 
Sully  Thos.  chief  marshal;  r  407  N.  First. 
Sully  Chas.  F.  salesman ;  r  407  N.  First. 

Summerfield  L.  M.  clothier;  bds  Holland 
House. 

Sumner  C.  Eugene,  r  709  Second  av. 


SUMXER  E.  B.  Attorney  and  Coun- 
sellor at  Law,  407  W.  State  st. ;  residence 
516  N.  Church  St.;  born  in  Pecatonica, 
this  Co.,  Nov.  14,  1850 :  he  is  a  graduate 
of  the  West  Rockford  High  School,  class 
of  1866 ;  in  1867  he  entered  the  University 
of  Michigan,  graduated  from  Literary  De- 
partment, class  of  1871 ;  graduated  from 
the  Law  Department  of  the  same  college, 
class  of  1873 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  at  De- 
troit, Mich.,  in  1873 ;  admitted  to  the  bar 
of  this  State,  at  Mount  Vernon,  In  June, 
1873;  he  is  one  of  the  most  promising 
members  of  the  bar  of  Rockford. 

SUM:srER    HOX.   EPHRAIM, 

Capitalist;  residence  516  N.  Church; 
West  Side;  born  in  Winhall,  Vt.,  Feb.  9, 
1808 ;  in  1810  his  parents  moved  to  Darien, 
Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  they  remamed 
until  1821,  when  they  moved  to  Mass.;  in 
1835  Mr.  Sumner  came  to  what  is  now 
Pecatonica,  Winnebago  Co.,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  farming  and  milling  business 
quite  extensively  for  a  great  many  years; 
is  still  interested  in  flouring  mills  there, 
and  is  the  owner  of  large  tracts  of  land  in 
this  Co. ;  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  from 
the  organization  of  the  Co.  for  a  great 
many  years;  Post-master  several  years; 
was  first  Assessor,  Road  Commissioner, 
Supervisor,  etc. ;  represented  this  District 
in  Twenty-sixth  General  Assembly ;  mar- 
ried Betsey  Blake,  May  4,  1847 ;  she  was 
born  in  Maine,  in  1813;  they  have  two 
children,  Edward  B.  and  Annie  (now  Mrs. 
James  B.  Lane). 

Sumner  Thos.  r  709  Second  av ;  e  s. 
Sumner  W.  A.  moulder ;  r  709  2d  av ;  e  s. 
Sundsledt  Aug.  machinist;  r  1306  Third  av. 
Sundquist  J.  cabinetmkr ;  r  610  S.  6th;  e  s. 
Sutton  A.  woodturner ;  r  Knowlton,  cor  S. 

Court. 
Swab  E.  r  302  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Swab  J.  J.  bds  302  S.  Main;  w  s. 
Swain  Chas  F.  r  912  S.  Court;  s  s. 
Swain  Chas.  P.  r  912  S.  Court;  s  s. 
Swain  Samuel,  cabinetmaker ;  r  402  S.  Main. 
Swan  Aug.  r  n  s  Park ;  e  s. 
Swan  P.  G.  r  Seminary,  s  R.  R. 
Swanberg  John,  r  A  Bowman,  Park ;  e  s. 
Swanson  A.  mechanic ;  r  s  end  S.  Eighth. 
Swanson  Andrew,  r  124  N.  First;  e  s. 
Swanson  John,  tailor ;   r  801  Rural ;  e  s. 
Swanson  John,  r  307  Bluff;  e  s. 
Swanson  Peter,  carp ;  r  608  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 
Swanson  S.  lab;  r  s  end  Kishwaukee;  e  s. 
Swarthout  R.  B.  painter ;  r  303  N.  4th ;  e  s. 
Swamstrom  C.G.  mechanic ;  r  n  s  Park ;  e  s. 
Sweeney  J.  emp  Forbes ;  r  1010  S.  Main ;  s  s. 
Swenson  Louis,  lab;  r  505  E.  Seminary;  es. 
Sweezey  A.  J.  r  Guilford. 


526 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


Swits  I.  H.  grocer;  r  906  Seminary. 
Swits  W.  J.  grocer ;  r  305  S .  Second. 
Swits  Wm.  A.  r  906  Seminary;  e  s. 
Sykes  O.  E.  flour  and  feed,  423  W.  State;  r 
507  Chestnut ;  w  s. 


T 


AGGART  ALFRED,    attorney;    r  N. 
West,  nr  Napoleon;  w  s. 

Talcott  Wm.  A.  secy  and  treas  Emerson,  Tal- 
cott  »fc  Co. ;  r  408  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

TALCOTT  HOJr.  \I^AIT,  Wliose 
portrait  we  give  in  tliis  work,  was  born  at 
Hebron,  Conn.,  Oct.  17,  1807,  removing  to 
Rome,  "NT.  Y.,  in  1810,  wliere  he  remained 
till  his  19th  year.  After  a  few  years  in  a 
store  at  Booneville,  N.  Y.,  he  engaged  in 
mercantile  business  in  Utica  till  1830. 
He  then  removed  to  the  village  of  Horse- 
heads,  Chemung  Co.,  where,  on  Feb.  5, 
1834,  he  married  Elizabeth  Anna,  daugh- 
ter of  Dr.  Ariel  Norton,  of  Vernon,  Oneida 
County. 

In  the  fall  of  1838  he  left  New  York  for 
Illinois,  reaching  Rockton,  Winnebago 
Co.,  on  Oct.  12,  after  a  trip  of  six  weeks' 
duration,  made  with  his  wife  and  child 
(now  Mrs.  Ralph  Emerson)  in  an  emigrant 
wagon. 

Mr.  Talcott  soon  united  with  the  Con- 
gregational church  of  Rockton,  which 
had  been  organized  a  few  months  before 
chiefly  through  the  instrumentality  of  his 
father,  William  Talcott,  now  deceased, 
and  at  once  identified  himself  actively  with 
the  religious,  educational,  political  and  in- 
dustrial interests  of  the  new  community. 

He  was  one  of  the  original  incorpora- 
tors of  Beloit  College  and  of  Rockford 
Female  Seminary,  and  has  been  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  College 
from  the  date  of  its  organization. 

As  early  as  January,  1844,  he  introduced 
into  the  church  of  which  he  was  an  active 
member,  a  series  of  strong  anti-slavery 
resolutions ;  and  in  the  election  of  that 
year,  his  was  one  of  the  seven  votes  in  this 
county  for  James  G.  Birney,  the  Liberty 
party  candidate.  The  principles  which  he 
then  supported  under  the  ban  of  overwhelm- 
ing public  opposition  have  since  became 
the  settled  policy  of  the  nation.  He  was 
the  candidate  of  the  Liberty  party  for 
Congress,  when  scarcely  500  votes  could 
be  polled  in  support  of  its  principles. 
In  the  autumn  of  1854  he  was  unanimously 
nominated  to  the  State  Senatorship  from 
this  district,  representing  the  counties  of 
Winnebago,  Carroll,  Boone  and  Ogle,  and 
was  elected  by  a  handsome  majority, 
serving  the  term  of  four  years  with  credit 
to  himself  and  satisfaction  to  his  constit- 
uents. 

Mr.  Talcott  may  well  be  said  to  be  a  pi- 
oneer in  the  manufacturing  lyisiness  of 
Rockford,  which  has  now  grown  to  such 
importance. 


In  the  spring  of  1854,  he,  with  his 
brother  Sylvester,  formed  a  partnership 
with  John  H.  Manny,  the  inventor,  and 
commenced  the  manufacture  of  the  cele- 
brated John  H.  Manny  Combined  Reaper 
and  Mower,  at  Rockford.  The  firm  man- 
ufactured that  year  1,100  implements.  In 
the  autumn  of  that  year  the  firm  was  en- 
larged by  the  addition  of  Ralph  Emerson 
and  Jesse  Blinn ;  and,  with  increased  capi- 
tal, in  the  season  of  1855,  they  made  2,300 
machines;  in  1856,  3,300;  and  in  1857,  5,- 
000. 

To  the  enterprise  thus  early  started, 
may  now  be  attributed  much  of  the  pres- 
ent prosperity  of  Rockford,  and  the  fact 
that  it  is  to-day  the  chief  manufacturing 
city  in  Illinois. 

Ever  since  the  inception  of  this  enter- 
prise, Mr.  Talcott  has  been  associated  with 
the  manufacturing  interests  of  Rockford, 
as  has  also  Ralph  Emerson,  the  senior 
member  of  the  firm  of  Emerson,  Talcott 
&  Co.,  which  is  the  direct  outgrowth  of 
the  original  firm,  established  in  1854, 
through  Mr.  Talcott's  agency.  Since  1860, 
Mr.  Talcott's  oldest  son,  William  A.  Tal- 
cott, has  also  been  an  active  member  ot 
the  firm. 

To  this  firm  was  due  the  successful  con- 
duct of  the  great  patent  case  originating 
in  Cyrus  H.  McCormick's  celebrated  suit 
against  them  under  charge  of  infringe- 
ment and  resulting  in  opening  the  con- 
struction of  reapers  to  the  manufacturing 
public.  The  conduct  of  this  case  cost  the 
defendants  over  $75,000,  and  enlisted  in 
their  behalf  some  of  the  ablest  legal  talent 
in  the  nation.  Among  their  counsel  were 
Abraham  Lincoln,  Edwin  M.  Stanton  and 
Peter  H.  Watson,  who  first  met  person- 
ally in  the  defense  of  this  suit,  and  after- 
wards formed  the  celebrated  triumvi- 
rate who,  as  President,  Secretary  of 
War,  and  Assistant  Secretary  of 
War,  played  so  conspicuous  a  part  in 
subduing  the  great  rebellion  and  preserv- 
ing the  nation.  The  firm  paid  Mr.  Lin- 
coln a  retaining  fee  of  $1,000,  which  Mr. 
Lincoln  afterwards  said  was  the  money 
that  enabled  him  to  stump  the  state  ot 
Illinois  against  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  and 
thus  introduced  him  to  the  nation  at  large 
and  gave  him  the  Presidency. 

In  after  years,  and  during  the  dark 
hours  of  the  rebellion,  President  Lincoln 
often  spoke  of  this  lawsuit  as  being  the 
means  of  bringing  to  his  notice  the  two 
men  who  so  ably  assisted  in  that  trial  and 
who  afterwards  so  bravely  held  up  his 
hands  during  the  war. 

After  the  passage  of  the  Internal  Rev- 
enue Act,  Mr.  Talcott  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln,  Collector  of  Internal 
Revenue  for  his  Congressional  District — 
the  Second  Illinois.  "The  President  sent 
him  notice  of  his  intention  to  appoint  him 
in  the  following  personal  note : 


BOCKFORD   CITT. 


527 


Executivp:  Mansion,  } 
"Washington,  Aug.  27,  1863.      f 
Hon.  Wait  Talcott: 

Ml/  Bear  Sir — I  have  determined  to  ap- 
point  you  Collector.  I  now  have  a  very 
special  request  to  make  of  you,  which  is 
that  you  will  make  no  war  upon  Mr. 
Washburne,  who  is  also  my  friend,  of 
longer  standing  than  yourself.  I  shall 
even  be  obliged  if  you  can  do  something 
for  him  if  occasion  presents. 
Yours  truly, 

A.  Lincoln. 

The  office  thus  conferred„he  held  some 
five  years.  This  note,  indited  in  his  kind- 
ness of  heart  by  Mr.  Lincoln,  and  in  oppo- 
sition to  the  request  of  several  Congress- 
men who  were  clamorous  for  the  appomt- 
ment  of  fiivorites,  shows  in  what  esteem 
and  in  what  kindly  feeling  Mr.  Talcott 
was  held  by  the  martyred  President. 

Mr.  Talcott  was  in  Washington  just  after 
the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln,  and 
having  been  selected  by  the  citizens  of 
Illinois  then  in  Washington,  attended  the 
funeral  services  as  one  of  the  mourners,  to 
represent  the  State  of  Illinois. 

At  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion,  Mr. 
Talcott  was  past  the  age  fixed  by  law  for 
military  duty;  but  when  Congress  passed 
the  law  authorizing  citizens  to  employ  a 
substitute,  to  be  designated  by  their  name, 
he  paid  a  large  bounty  to  Charles  H.  Red- 
iugton,  a  veteran,  who  represented  him.  A 
certificate  from  the  government  for  this 
representative  service  in  the  war,  signed 
by  General  James  B.  Fry,  is  in  his  posses- 
sion. 

On  the  7th  of  August,  1873,  Mr.  Talcott 
was  called  to  part  with  his  life-long  com- 
panion, Mrs.  Elizabeth  Anna  Talcott, 
whose  death  was  mourned  by  a  wide  circle 
of  friends  and  whose  memory  is  still 
precious  to  all  who  knew  her,  and  especi- 
ally to  the  poor  and  the  sick,  whom  her 
sympathy  and  charity  so  constantly  cheered 
and  blessed. 

Although  far  advanced  in  life,  having 
just  passed  the  three  score  years  and  ten 
allotted  to  man,  Mr.  Talcott,  now  the  Pres- 
ident of  the  Winnebago  County  Early  Set- 
tlers' Society,  is  hale  and  hearty,  and  does 
not  abate  his  wonted  activity  in  business 
life.  Up  early  and  late,  he  continues  to  look 
after  many  of  the  details  and  intricacies 
of  the  business  matters  incident  to  the 
wide  spread  interests  of  Emerson,  Talcott 
&  Co.,  with  which  firm  he  still  retains  a 
business  connection.  Nor  does  he  relax 
in  any  degree  the  acts  and  duties  of  the 
good  citizen  in  the  social,  civil,  and  re- 
ligious relations  of  life. 

To  such  men  is  Winnebago  County 
greatly  indebted  for  the  development  of 
its  physical  resources,  its  social  relations, 
its  church  and  educational  advantages. 
The  marks  of  such  early  pioneers  are 


seen  in  all  its  rapid  growth  and  present 
prosperity. 

Tambliug  W.  H.  carp ;  r  S.  Avon,  cor  Cedar. 

Tanner  Jas.  D.  r  504  E.  Seminary;  e  s. 

Tanner  S.  W.  horse  collar  mfg,  under  Rock- 
ford  Nat'l  Bank;  r504  E.  Seminary;  e  s. 

Tanner  Wm.  J.  r  504  E.  Seminary. 

Taylor  A.  W.  carp ;  bds  Forest  City  Hotel. 

Taylor  E.  I.  trav  agt;  r  North,  cor  Horsman. 

TAYLOR  HORACE  W.  Attorney 
and  Master  in  Chancery ;  office  over  Rock- 
ford  Nat'l  Bank ;  residence  535  N.  Church ; 
West  Side;  born  in  Granby,  Hampshire 
Co.,  Mass.,  Feb.  1,  1833;  came  to  Rock- 
ford,  in  Nov.,  1857 ;  married  Ama  A.  Rob- 
inson, of  Enfield,  Mass. ;  they  have  three 
children,  Agnes,  Willard  R.  and  Ama  S. ; 
Mr.  Taylor  has  served  as  Master  in  Chan- 
cery over  seven  years  in  this  place. 

Taylor  J.  A.  printer;  bds  1203  S.  Main;  w  s. 

Taylor  Jas.  machinist ;  r  1013  Rock ;  s  s. 

Taylor  M.  A.  watchmkr ;  bds  107  N.  1st ;  e  s. 

Taylor  R.  J.  machinist ;  r  1012  Rock ;  s  s. 

Taylor  Robt.  blksmith;    r   1013  Rock;  s  s. 

Teachout.F.  emp  W.  T.  Crook ;  r  609  5th  av. 

Teague  Geo.  printer;  r  over  318  E.  State. 

Teague  Wm.  carp ;  r  over  318  E.  State. 

Tebbets  A.  A.  architect ;  r  631  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

TERRETTS  HIRAM  \¥.  Physi- 
cian and  Surgeon;  office  over  N.  C. 
Thompson's  Bank,  339  E.  State  st. ;  resi- 
dence 303  Market  st.,  bet.  N.  First  and  N. 
Second,  East  Side;  born  in  Carroll  Parish, 
La.,  Dec.  33,  1845 ;  came  to  Rockford  in 
April,  1876 ;  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School, 
Concord,  N.  H.;  graduate  of  Dartmouth 
Medical  College,  Hanover  N.  H.,  class  of 
1866 ;  married  Lucy  J.  Morrill,  daughter 
of  Elisha  Morrill,  Oct.  30, 1875 ;  she  was 
from  Marion  Tp.,  Ogle  Co.,  111. 

Teeple  C.  G.  bkpr  Chick  &  Cox;  r409  N.  1st. 

Terry  F.  W.  watchmaker ;  r  104  North ;  w  s. 

Terry  George  S.  r  104  North. 

Terry  J.  W.  mclits'  police ;  r  104  North ;  w  s. 

Tetlow  Joshua  H.  r  John  W.  Tetlow. 

Tetlow  J.  W.  emp  at  depot ;  r  507  Pleasant. 

Tewksbury  A.  watchmaker ;  bds  309  N.  First 

Tewksbury  I.  A.  watchmkr ;  r  408  S.Main ;  e  s. 

Thayer  Geo.  r  303  S.  Winnebago;  w  s. 

Thayer  John,  r  401  N.  West. 

THAYER  J.  Of  the  firm  of  Springer, 
Thayer  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  IXL  Wind- 
mills, and  dealers  in  Iron  and  Wood 
Pumps,  cor.  State  and  Water  sts. ;  resi- 
dence 803  S.  Court,  South  Side ;  Mr.  Thayer 
was  born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  May  31,  1817; 
came  to  Rocktord  in  Aug.,  1858;  married 
Maria  Rosegrant,  Jan.  10,  1837 ;  she  was 
born  at  Lodi,  Seneca  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  36, 
1819 ;  they  have  five  daughters. 

Thayer  R.  B.  machinist ;  r  1003  S.  Church ;  s  s. 


528 


WINNEBAGO   CX)TJOTT  DIBECTOKT: 


Thayer  W.  T.  tack  factory;  r  606  N.  Winne- 
bago. 

Thiers  W.  C.  elk  Am  Ex  Co;  bds  Holland 
House. 

ThomasE.  A.  carp;  r  S.  Tenth,  bet  Tenth 
and  Eleventh  avs ;  W.  A. 

Thomas  E.  G.  elk;  bds  708  N.  Court;  ws. 

Thomas  E.  P.  bkpr;  r  613  N.  Church. 

Thomas  M.  D.  soap  mkr;  r  608  S.  Fifth;  e s. 

Thompson  A.  blacksmith ;  r  208  N.  Second. 

Thompson  A.J.  engineer;  r  S.  Third. 

Thompson  E.  H.  mechanic;  r  1107  S.  West. 

Thompson  G.  W.  r  507  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Thompson  H.  wood  sawer ;  r  over  328  E.State. 

Thompson  James  B.  bds  111  S.  Third;  e  s. 

Thompson  Jonas,  r  405  S.  Main ;  e  s. 

THOMPSO^r  :»{■.  C.  Manufacturer  of 
Gorham  Sulky  and  Walking  Cultivators, 
Gang,  Sulky  and  Stirring  Plows,  Sulky 
Attachments  for  Plows,  Corn  Stalk  Cut- 
ters, Rolling  Coulters,  Grain  Binders,  etc., 
329  E.  State  st. ;  water  power,  642  S.  Main : 
residence  507  N.  Main,  West  Side. 

Thompson  N.  F.  r  507  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Thompson  N.  T.  tailor;  r  405  S.  Main;  e  s. 

Thompson  P.  R.  conductor ;  r  207  S.  West. 

Thompson  Thos.  employe  rule  factory ;  bds 
711  Mulberry. 

Thompson  F.  A.  moulder ;  r  1208  S.  West. 

Thompson  J.  mechanic ;  r  508  Kishwaukee. 

THORESON  JOHN,  Manufacturer 
of  Wagons,  Carriages,  Buggies  and  Sleighs ; 
all  kinds  of  repairing  and  carriage  paint- 
ing to  order,  320  and'322  S.  Main  st. ;  resi- 
dence 322  S.  Main;  born  in  Christiana, 
Norway,  April  16,  1820;  came  to  Chicago 
in  1853 ;  removed  to  Rockford  in  1855 ; 
Mr.  Thoreson  commenced  working  at  car- 
riage making  in  1835,  while  in  Europe, 
and  has  continued  in  the  same  business 
ever  since ;  married  Martha  Olson,  Dec.  18, 
1848;  she  was  born  in  same  place  as  Mr. 
T. ;  they  have  two  children  living :  Thomas, 
born  March  6,  1850,  and  Matilda  J.,  Sept. 
5,  1861 ;  they  have  lost  five  sons. 

Thoreson  T.  carriage  painter ;  r  606  Pleasant. 

Thurston  J.  painter;  r  404  Kishwaukee;  e  s. 

THIJRSTOX  J.  H.  Buyer  of  fine 
grades  of  Butter,  highest  market  price 
paid  at  all  times,  303  E.  State  st. ;  residence 
207  S.  Main,  East  Side;  storage  (tempera- 
ture 58  degrees)  without  charge  for  those 
who  may  desire  to  hold  for  any  expected 
market  advance. 

Thurston  J.  W.  tinsmith ;  r  506  N.  Second. 

Ticknor  D.  W.  auctioneer,  120  S.  Main;  r 
708  N.  Court. 

Ticknor  J.  S.  agt  Am  Ex  Co,  208  S.  Main, 
under  Holland  House ;  r  608  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Ticknor  L.  W.  with  D.  W.  Ticknor ;  r  over 
120  S.  Main ;  w  s. 


Tierney  Michael,  lab ;  r  1803  Second  av. 
Tierney  Michael,  r  1108  River ;  s  s. 
Tierney  Peter,  lab;  r  1108  River;  s  s. 
Tierney  John,  painter;  r  1108  River;  s  s. 
Tierney  Wm.  bartender ;  bds  1108  River;  s  s. 
Tichman  H.  emp  Forbes ;  r  902  Rock ;  s  s. 

TIL.DEX  J.  R.  Carpenter  and  Con- 
tractor, 1305  S.  West  St. ;  born  in  Boston, 
Mass. ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1860 ;  married 
Ellen  Snow ;  she  was  born  in  Pomfret,  Vt. 

Tilden  Wm.  H.  carp;  r  1305  S.  West;  s  s. 

Timmins  John,  r  724  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Timmins  Thomas,  r  724  N.  First;  e  s. 

TINKER    HON.    RORERT   H. 

Capitalist ;  r  S.  Main  st. ;  born  in  Hono- 
lulu, Sandwich  Islands,  Dec.  31,  1836; 
came  to  Rockford  in  Aug.,  1856 ;  married 
Mrs.  John  H.  Manny,  April  24,  1870; 
she  was  born  at  Hoosac  Falls,  N.  Y. ;  Mr. 
Tinker  is  President  of  Chicago,  Rock- 
ford &  Northern  Railway  Co.;  in  1875 
and  1876,  he  was  Mayor  of  Rockford ;  he 
is  one  of  the  Directors  of  the  Water  Power 
Co.,  Director  of  the  Rockford  Bolt  Works, 
Secretary  and  Treasurer  of  the  McPher- 
son  Steam  Vacuum  Pump  Co.,  Treasurer 
Rockford  Brush  Co.,  and  largely  inter- 
ested in  other  enterprises. 

Tisdale  E.  L.  mechanic ;  r  708  Wall ;  s  s. 
Titus  John,  cooper;  r  608  N.  First;  e  s. 
Titus  S.  emp  T.  Scott;  r  710  N.  Main;  e  s. 
Tobin  J.  E.  watchmaker;  bds  107  N.  1st;  es. 
Toffelmire  Wm.  hack  driver  A.Vanlnwagen. 
Tolmie  D.  stonecutter;  bds  White's  Hotel. 
Tompkins  John,  r  606  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 
Toner  C.  gardener ;  r  829  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Tool  A.  lab ;  r  Corbin  bet  Blake  and  Kent ;  s  s. 
Tool  J.  lab ;  r  Corbin  bet  Blake  and  Kent ;  s  s. 

TOWER  CAI.ER  E.  With  Orlando 
Clark  Manufacturing  Heating  Apparatus, 
etc. ;  residence  526  N.  Church  st. ;  born  in 
Edwardsville,  Madison  Co.,  111.,  Nov.  13, 
1841 ;  he,  with  his  mother  and  two  sisters, 
removed  to  Rockford  when  he  was  four- 
teen years  of  age;  he  has  worked  at 
machinists'  business  since  he  was  fifteen 
years  of  age;  was  with  Clark  &  Utter  21 
years;  was  foreman  of  their  works  10 
years;  he  married  Nellie  H.  Dunn,  Oct.  4, 
1868 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.  State,  Sept. 
20,  1839 ;  Mrs.  Tower  is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Union  Church. 

Towle  C.  H.  painter ;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Towne  J.  watchmaker;  bds  107  N.  1st;  e  s. 

Towner  Joseph  H.  carp ;  r  708  W.  State. 

Townsend  C.C.  elk ;  r  702  N.Winnebago ;  w  s. 

Tracy  T.M.emp  G.Bradley ;  r  Lee  cor  School. 

Tracy  Timothy,  r  Lee. 

Tread  well  G.  Frank,  machinist;  r  205  N.  3d. 

Trahern  Delbert,  r  Kent  cor  S.  Court. 


ROOKFORD   CITY. 


529 


TRAHERlf  FRA:NK  B.  Superia- 
tendent  of  W.  D.Trahern's  Iron  and  Pump 
Works ;  residence  308  Kent  st. ;  born  in 
Fredericktovvn,  Ohio,  Feb.  6,  182!);  came 
to  Rockford  in  Jan.,  1848 ;  he  has  worked 
at  macliinists'  business  since  he  was  19 
years  of  age;  married  Martha  Reader, 
Nov.  4,  1854;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.  State, 
in  1832;  they  liave  two  children,  Deibert 
E.  and  Harvey  R. ;  Mrs.  Traliern  is  a 
member  of  the  First  Baptist  Cliurch. 

Trahern  Oscar,  r  910  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 

TRAHERlf  W.  I>.  Proprietor  of  the 
Rockford  Metal  Pump  Works ;  residence 
910  S.  Winnebago;  Soutli  Side;  manu- 
factures Force,  Suction  and  Lift,  Engine, 
Wind  Mill  and  Cistern  Pumps ;  Mr.  T.  also 
manufactures  Horse  Powers ;  general  iron 
jobbing  work  done;  send  for  illustrated 
catalogue,  with  prices,  discounts,  etc.,  to 
the  trade ;  address  W.  D.  Trahern,  Rock- 
ford, 111. 

Traner  Peter,  mechanic ;  r  503  S.  First ;  e  s. 

Traphagen  W.  J.  r  811  S.  Winnebago ;  s  s. 

TRAPHAGEX  WM.  H.  Pattern 
Maker  and  Experimental  Macliinist  for 
Emerson  &  Co. ;  residence  1001  Ferguson 
St.;  born  in  N.  Y.  City,  Sept.  26,  1838; 
came  to  Sparta,  Wis.,  in  1857 ;  lived  there 
two  years ;  then  removed  to  Jefferson  City, 
Mo.,  wliere  he  was  engaged  1  year  on  the 
State  House,  interior  carpenter  work ;  he 
returned  to  JST.  Y.  City,  in  1860,  where  he 
remained  until  the  fall  of  1861,  when  he 
came  to  Rockford;  carried  on  carpenter 
work  here  for  a  few  years;  in  1872,  he 
began  work  tor  Emerson  &  Co.,  and  has 
been  with  them  ever  since;  married 
Rachel  Ann  Price,  Sept.  26,  1861;  she  was 
born  in  Germantown,  Columbia  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Feb.  22,'  1838 ;  they  have  three  sons,  Wil- 
lie P.,  Frank  E.,  and  Harry  V.  V. ;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Traphagen  are  members  of  the 
Winnebago  Street  M.  E.  Church. 

Treats.  W.  loan  agt  401E.State;  r  502  E. 
Seminary. 

Trenholm  Alex,  r  706  Kishwaukee ;  e  s. 

Trickey  Wm.  lab ;  r  108  N.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Trigg  R.  marble  works ;  r  610  Longwood ;  e  s. 

Tripp  Tomkins,  r  1005  E.  State. 

Tripp  W.  A.  mechanic ;  r  506  Knowlton ;  s  s. 

Trott  Wm.  M.  collector,  r  S.  Winnebago 
near  Cunningham. 

Troxell  Geo.  r  609  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

TROWBRIDGE  I^.  A.  Assistant 
Cashier  Third  National  Bank ;  residence 
302  Rock  St.,  opp  East  Side  Park;  born 
in  Danbury,  Conn.,  April  19,  1847 ;  came 
to  Rockford  in  March,  1861 ;  he  has  been 
connected  with  the  Third  National  Bank 
13  years;  for  3  years  previous  to  his  con- 
nection with  the  Bank  he  was  in  the  book- 
store of  J.  B.  Howell,  East  Side. 

Trowbridge  M.  T.  r  302  Rock ;  opp  Park. 


Truesbury  A.  blacksmith ;  r  129  S. Water ;  as. 
Truesdell  Byron,  lab;  r  107  S.  Avon. 
Truesdell  Frank,  lab;  r  807  Mulberry. 
Truesdell  W.  H.  painter;  r  905  Ferguson;  s  s. 

TRIJFANT  GEORGE  H.  Cashier 
Peoples  Savings  Bank;  residence  over  118 
S.  Main  st..  West  Side;  born  in  Lynn, 
Mass.,  Feb.  28,  1841;  came  to  Rockford 
in  Sept.,  1855 ;  married  Emma  L.Faulkner ; 
she  was  born  in  England;  they  have  one 
daughter,  Delia,  born  April  17,  1861 ;  Mr. 
Trufant  served  2  years  and  8  months  in 
Subsistence  Department,  at  Chattanooga, 
during  the  war;  from  1866  to  1874,  he 
was  connected  with  American  and  Mer- 
chants Union  Express  Companies,  in 
Rockford ;  for  some  time  previous  he  was 
with  his  father  in  the  boot  and  shoe  busi- 
ness here ;  he  was  City  Treasurer  in  1876. 

Trufant  S.  eng;  r  1110  Montague;  s  s. 

Trumbull  Walter,  carp;  r  801  E.  State. 

Truman  Orson,  r  509  Walnut ;  e  s. 

Truman  Wm.  blacksmith  107  Kishwaukee. 

Tucker  C.  S.  milkman ;  r  210  Davis ;  e  s. 

Tucker  H.milkman  ;r7th  house  n  bridge,N.2d 

Tucker  H.  L.,  mechanic;  r  s  8th  cor  11th  av. 

Tucker  R.  emp  gas  works ;  r  822  Rural ;  e  s. 

Tucker  Mrs.  Mary  A.  r  8ll  Benton;  e  s. 

TuckerW.emp  gas  works  ;r  st  n  cemetery ;  e  s. 

Tupper  Frank,  r  Rock,  cor  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Tupper  H.  L.  attorney  at  law;  211  W.  State; 
r  401  N.  Second. 

Turison  Louis,  r  510  S.  First ;  e  s. 

TURKENKOFH  DAVID,  Propri- 
etor Centennial  Clothing  House  123  W. 
State  St.;  the  latest  and  best  grades  of 
Clothing,  Gents'  Furnishing  Goods,  Hats, 
Caps  and  Trunks  always  on  hand,  and 
will  be  sold  at  bottom  prices;  born  in 
Easton,  Pa.,  Aug.  12,  1853;  came  to  Rock- 
ford in  June,  1871. 

Turneaure  Peter  R.  r  Chestnut  near  S.  West. 

Turner  Jos.  E.  r  807  Rockton  av. 

Tuttle  Sam.  express;  r  118  N.  First;  e  s. 

Two  Thos.  lab;  r  118  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Twiss  G.  W.  florist  and  seeds;  r  706  S.  4th. 

Tyan  Mich,  lab ;  r  309  S.  Fifth ;  e  s. 

Tynan  Ed.  lab;  r  1014  N.  Second;  e  s. 

UBBING  F.  shoemaker;  r  503  N.  Third; 
e  s. 
Ufl'ord  Alfred,  r  610  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

Ulrici  D.bookbind  Register;  r  1008  Mulberry. 

Ulrici  IL.'book'bmA  Reg ister ;  r  1008  Mulberry. 

Updick  G.  at  H.G.Allen  &  Co. ;  r  S.Main ;  s  s. 

Upson  L.D.furniture  mfr;  r423N.Main  ;  w  s. 

UPTOIir  CHAS.  O.  Proprietor  Meat 
Market,  311  W.  State  st.,  and  member  of 
the  firm  of  Upton  &  Crill,  dealers  in  Live 
Stock;  yard  at  Galena  depot;  Mr.  Upton 
resides  at  712  N.  Court  st. ;  he  was  born  in 


530 


WINNEBAGO    COTJNTY   DIKECTOKY: 


Reading,  Mass.,  Sept.  17,  1832;  came  to 
Rockford  in  1854;  married  Lizzie  C.  Raj^- 
nor,  March  26,  1855 ;  she  was  born  in  Read- 
ing, Mass.;  have  three  children  living. 
Flora,  Clyde  Warren,  and  Lucy  Josephine ; 
lost  one  daughter,  Nellie  Raynor ;  Mr.  Up- 
ton was  Alderman  of  the  Fourth  Ward 
two  terms,  of  two  years  each;  was  one  of 
the  Committee  that  built  the  Holly  Water 
Works  here ;  is  one  of  the  Directors  of  the 
Second  National  Bank. 

Urquhart  D.G.blacksmith ;  r  701  Rockton  av. 

Utter  C.  M.  paper  mill;  r  over  120  W.  State. 

Utter  F.  at  Utter  mfg  Co ;  r  211  S.Wiunebago. 

Utter  H.  B.  secretary  and  treasurer  Utter 
Manufacturing  Co. ;  r  408  S.  Church ;  w  s. 

UTTEK  ISAAC,  Pres.  Utter  Mfg.  Co. ; 
residence  211  S.  Winnebago  st. ;  born  in 
Eaton,  Madison  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  17,  1809; 
lived  in  that  Co.  until  1837,  when  he  moved 
to  Angelica,  Allegany  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he 
lived  until  1840,  when  he  removed  to  War- 
saw, Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  built 
a  woolen  factory,  and  carried  on  the  busi- 
ness of  cloth  manufacturing  until  1850, 
when  he  sold  out ;  was  out  of  business  for 
two  years;  in  1852  he  came  to  Rockford; 
entered  into  partnership  with  Orlando 
Clark  the  same  year,  and  continued  in 
partnership  with  him  until  Oct.,  1876 ;  in 
1865  he  entered  into  partnership  with  Levi 
Rhoades ;  they  built  the  Rockford  Paper 
Mills,  and  commenced  the  manufacture  of 
paper  in  the  spring  of  1866,  and  have  con- 
tinued the  business  ever  since ;  he  is  one 
of  the  owners  and  directors  of  the  Rock- 
ford Tack  Co. ;  is  a  Director  of  Peoples 
Savings  Bank;  also  stockholder  of  Rock- 
ford Watch  Co.,  etc;  married  Eliza  Smith, 
Jan.  14,  1832 ;  she  was  born  in  Eaton,  N. 
Y.,  in  May,  1810 ;  she  died  Oct.  28,  1871 ; 
six  children  b}^  this  marriage,  now  living ; 
Chas.  M.,  Morris  L.,  Harriet  L.,  now  Mrs. 
W.  E.  S.  Trowbridge;  Horace  B.,  Mary 
Eliza,  now  Mrs.  Milton  D.  Fraley,  and  Fi- 
dello  O.;  present  wife  was  Lj^dia  Rush; 
married  Jan.  18,  1873 ;  she  was  born  in 
Penn. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Utter  are  members  of 
the  Christian  Union  church. 

UTTKB  M.  Lr.  Vice  Pres'  Utter  Mfg. 
Co.,  Manufacturers  of  Gorham's  Broadcast 
Seeder,  Corn  Cultivator,  Flouring,  Grist 
and  Saw  Mill  Machinery,  Well  Drilling 
Machines,  and  Drilling  Tools;  also  Gen- 
eral Jobbing  of  all  kinds,  Rockford,  111. ; 
boards  Holland  House. 

VALENTINE  A.  P.  lab ;  r  Sixth  av.  cor 
S.  Seventh;  e  s. 
Valentine  G.  r  st.  from  Seminary,  s.  R.  R. 
Valentine  Louis,  r  Seminary,  s.  R.  R. 
Van  Alstyn  Albert  T.  bds  117  N.  Third;  e  s. 
Van  Alstyne  Walter,  carp;  r  512  Elm;  w  s. 
VanArnam  Wm.  hardware;  r  117  N.  Church. 
VanArnam  W.  E.clk ;  bds  117;N.Church ;  w  s. 


Vanberg  Andrew,  r  605  S.  Sixth. 
Vanblumb  Gust,  r  st.  from  Seminary,  s  R.R. 
Vanblumb  Gust,  stonecutter;  r  Seminary  s. 

R.  R. ;  e  s. 
VanBrocklin  Alex,  r  109  Summit. 
VanBrocklin  Alex.,  jr.,bds  402  S.  Main;  w  s. 
VanBrocklin  D.  C.  moulder;  r  109  Summit. 
VanBrocklin  J.  machinist ;  r  107  Peach ;  w  s. 
VanDeMark  Jacob,  janitor;  r  1201  Charles. 
VanEtten  S.  life  ins  agt ;  r  501  N. Church ;  w  s. 

VAIlfllVWAGEN  AXTHOXY, 

Livery,  Feed  and  Boarding  Stable,  and  of 
Rockford  Omnibus  and  Hack  Line;  sta- 
bles cor  Church  and  Elm  sts. ;  residence 
309  North  st.;  born  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Feb.  11,  1809;  when  he  was  two  years  of 
age  his  parents  moved  to  Wayne  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  for  several  years  he  was  Captain  of  a 
boat  on  the  Erie  canal;  was  in  mercantile 
business  about  six  years  in  Wayne  Co. ; 
was  engaged  in  business  in  Troy,  N.  Y. ; 
had  the  agency  of  Detroit  line,  etc. ;  was 
in  business  in  Buffalo,  several  years.  For- 
warding business,  etc. ;  in  1855  he  came  to 
Chicago;  was  in  Forwarding  and  Com- 
mission business  twelve  years;  was  also 
Agent  Peoples'  Line  of  Propellors  at  Chi- 
cago ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1867 ;  first  wife 
was  Maria  Jackson;  she  died  in  1844; 
three  children  living,  by  this  marriage; 
Mary  Jane,  now  Mrs.  Geo.  Keyes,  James 
and  Caroline,  now  Mrs.  Chas.  H.  Foster; 
second  wife  was  Matilda  Jordan ;  she  died 
Jan.  30, 1877 ;  three  children  living ;  Ade- 
line G.,  now  Mrs.  L.  C.  Lawrence;  Eme- 
line  R.,  now  Mrs.  James  H.  Bishop,  and 
Charles  A. 

Van  Inwagen  Chas.  A.  r  309  North. 
Vanoit  N.  at  Friedman's,  bds201  N.Main ;  w  s. 
Van  Order  Cyrus,  bds  W.S.Wilkins,Kent;  s  s. 
Van  Patten  J.  T.  painter;   bds  1105  S.  Win- 
nebago ;  S  S. 
Vanston  David,  r  804  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Van  Valkenburgh  Chas.  r  over  203  W.  State. 
Van  Valkenburgh  M.  r  over  203  W.  State. 
Van  Wie  A.  H.  r  w  end  Montague ;  s  s. 
VanWie  E.A. woolen  mill ;  r  123  N.Main ;  w  s. 
VanZant  Dr.  G.'W.  r  206  N.  Second. 
VaseyNich.veterinary  surg  ;r  217  S.Main  ;w  s. 
Vellage  B..G.  watchmkr ;  r  705  N.  Main ;  e s. 
Vellage  Bernard  G.  jr.  r  705  N.  Main;    e  s. 
Vellage  Chas.  r  705  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
Vestal  Geo.  W.  col ;  r  1206  Second  av;  e  s. 

Vincent  T.  G.  physician,  over  125  W.  State ; 

r  603  N.  Church. 
Vincer  John,  r  cor  South  and  Cunningham. 

WADDELL  A.  M.  r  3d  house  n  of  bridge, 
N.  Second. 

WaddellA.S.cabinetmkr ;  rll04  Ferguson  ;s  s. 


ROCKTORD   OITT. 


531 


VVaddell  D.  J.  bkpr;  r  3d  houyc  n  of  bridge, 
N.  Second. 

Waddles  Jefferson  S.  r  1101  Ferguson;  s  s. 

Wadsworth  F.  C.  r  810  Second  av. 

Wahlgren  P.  carriagemaker,  bds  same. 

Wahl  C.  E.  brewer ;  r  Fisher's  brewery. 

WAHIi  E.  C  of  Fislier  &  Wahl,  Manu- 
facturers aud  Dealers  in  Lager  Beer  and 
Ale ;  residence  Fisher's  Brewery ;  Brewery 
established  in  18(59;  manufactures  at  an 
average  of  800  barrels  a  year,  mostly  con- 
sumed in  this  county;  born  in  Germany 
March  10,  1888;  came  to  America,  1864; 
and  to  Rockford  in  1867 ;  married  Mary 
E.  Behr,  Oct.  17,  1875;  she  was  born  in 
Chicago ;  they  have  one  child,  Anne  Eliz- 
abeth, born  June  28,  1877. 

Wakeman  B.  Howard,  r  612  North ;  w  s. 

Waldo  B.  R. 

Waldo  Henry  D.  r  1302  Third  av ;  e  s. 

WAIiDO  HIRAM  H.  Bookseller  and 
Stationer,  304  W.  State ;  residence  209  N. 
Main,West  Side ;  born  in  Alba,GeneseeCo., 
N.  Y.,ISrov.  23, 1827;  came  to  Rockford  in 
1846 ;  married  Olive  S.True,  1854 ;  she  died 
Aug.  26,  1858;  present  wife  was  Sarah  E. 
Hulett,  married  Dec.  20, 1860 ;  one  child  by 
this  marriage,  deceased ;  Mr.  Waldo  was 
County  School  Commissioner. 

Waldo  Elder  L.  D.  pastor  Disciples  church ; 
r  1302  Third  av. 

Waldron  C.  J.  grocer,  1309  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Walker  A.  J.  carp;  r  311  S.  Main;  ws. 

Walker  Albert,  r  704  N.  First;  e  s. 

Walker  Barney,  lab;  r  1307  S.  Court;  s  s. 

Walker  J.  B.  mechanic ;  bds  302  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Walker  N.  A.  r  803  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Wall  Andrew,  papermaker ;  r  River. 

Wall  Joseph,  papermaker ;  r  River,lower  end. 

Wall  P.  O.  N.  tailor;  bds  over  410  E.  State. 

Wall  P.  U.  tailor;  r  1103  Third  av. 

Wallace  Chas.  painter ;  bds  906  Pecatonica. 

Wallberg  Gust,  r  504  Pope. 

Waller  John,  lab ;  r  1001  Rock ;  s  s. 

Wallin  Adolph,  lab;  r  1105  Fourth  av;    e  s. 

Wallin  C.  J.  papermaker;  r  602  Kishwaukee. 

Walling  D.W.C.scroll  sawyer ;  r  509  S.Second. 

Walling  John,  lab ;  r  1007  E.  State. 

Walling  Thomas,  lab;  r  1007  E.  State. 

Wallis  B.  M.  carp;  r  712  Benton;  e  s. 

Wallis  J'ohn,  r  501  Longwood;  e  s. 

WAIiLlS  WW.  T.  Cashier  of  Third 
National  Bank;  residence  Prospect  st., 
near  city  limits;  born  in  New  York  City, 
March  13, 1817 ;  he  was  engaged  in  whole- 
sale Dry  Goods  trade  there  from  1840  to 
1852;  first  came  to  Rockford  in  1852; 
spent  the  summers  of  1852  and  1853  here, 
and  in  1857  removed  to  Rockford  and 
made  this  his  permanent  residence;    he 

88% 


organized  the  Third  National  Bank  Sept. 
1,  1864,  and  has  continued  in  the  banking 
business  ever  since;  in  May,  1857,  he  mar- 
ried Henrietta  Remsen  of  New  Jersey; 
they  have  two  children:  Mary  Ann,  now 
Mrs.  C.  A.  Sanborn,  and  Henrietta  E. 

WalmsleyThos.  carp;  r  1009  S.  Winnebago. 

Walmsley  Wm.  gardr;  r  1009  S.  Winnebago. 

Walrath  C.W.  teacher ;  bds  606  N.Fourth ;  e.s. 

Walrath  J.  A.  carp ;  r  S.  Eighth,  W.  A. 

Walsh  James,  grocer;  r  719  S.  Winnebago. 

Walton  R.  wire  cloth  weaver,  213  S.4th;  e  s. 

Walquist  Chas.  r  Seminary,  near  limits. 

Ward  A.  J.  painter ;  r  221  S.  Water ;  e  s. 

Ward  Anson,  r  604  Knowlton. 

^WARI>  FRAXK,  Proprietor  of  Foun- 
dry and  Machine  Shops,  on  Water  Power, 
Tinker's  building;  resides  at  1008  S.  West 
St. ;  born  in  Canada,  May  30,  1836 ;  came 
to  Rockford  24  years  ago;  married  Helen 
Workman;  she  was  borninPenn.;  they 
have  five  children ;  Mr.  Ward  has  worked 
at  machinists'  trade  since  he  was  14  years 
of  age;  he  does  general  jobbing  work  o*' 
every  description  in  his  line. 

Ward  F.  G.  tailor;  r  1104  Fourth  av. 
Ward  Geo.  S.  carp;  bds  112  S.  Second;  e  s. 
Ward  Hiram,  cooper;  bds  C.  Henry's. 
Ward  Hugh,  elk :  bds  501  S.  Third ;  e  s. 
Ward  James,  carriage  painter. 
Ward  Joseph,  r  820  Rural ;  e  s. 
Ward  S.  L.  painter ;  r  221  S.  Water ;  e  s. 
Warfield  John,  r  202  S.  Water;  e  s. 
Warfield  J.  W.  carp ;  r  802  Montague ;  s  s. 
Warner  Albert  S.  r  1105  S.  West;  s  s. 
Warner  Frank  E.  r  1105  S.  West;  s  s. 
Warner  C.  cabinet  maker ;  r  503  East ;  e  s. 
Warner  D.  carp ;  r  Corbin,  cor  Morgan ;  s  s. 
Warner  Julius,  r  503  East;  e  s. 
Warner  L.  F.   attorney.   State  st,  opposite 
court  house ;  r  601  Cherry. 

IVARNER  NORMAlf  C.  Attorney 
and  Counselor  at  Law ;  Office,  No.  2  Mason- 
ic Block ;  born  in  Lima,  Livingston  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  came  to  Wilmington,  Will  Co.,  111.,  in 
1849 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1869 ;  he  pur- 
sued an  academic  course  at  Clark  Semi- 
nary, Aurora,  111. ;  pursued  law  course  at 
Columbiana  College,  Washington,  D.  C. ; 
graduated  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Washington,  June,  1868;  since  that  time 
has  been  actively  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession,  and  is  ranked  as  one  of 
the  leading  members  of  the  bar  of  this 
State;  Major  Warner  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  Co.  E,  39th  I.  V.  I.,  Sept.  22,  1861 ;  for 
meritorious  conduct  he  was  promoted  to 
Second  Lieutenant,  First  Lieutenant,  and 
Captain  of  his  Co.,  aud  then  to  Major  of 
Volunteers;  was  dangerously  wounded 
Aug.  16,  1864,  at  Strawberry  Plains;  in 


532 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTOKY! 


consequence  retired  from  the  service  two 
montlis  later,  liaving  served  three  years. 

Warner  S.  P.  millwright;  r  1105  S.  West;  s  s. 

Warner  Wm.  lab ;  r  1504  S.  West ;  s  s. 

Warren  Rev.  Alphe,  r  515  N.  Church;  w  s. 

Warren  Geo.  S.  carp,  Salem,  n  N.  Church. 

IVARKEIIC  JOHN  H.  Of  the  firm  pf 
Soper  &  Warren,  wholesale  dealers  in 
Fancy  Goods,  Notions  and  Cigars,  126  W. 
State  St. ;  Mr.  Warren  resides  at  513  N. 
Church;  born  in  Milton,  Wis,  March  31, 
1850;  came  to  Rockford  in  1870;  married 
Lottie  A.  Mentzer,  Nov.  14,  1870;  they 
have  two  children  living,  Edward  S.  and 
Harriet  M. ;  lost  one  child,  Henry  A.,  who 
died  Dec.  31,  1874,  aged  1  year  and  10 
months. 

Warren  M.  B.  drayman ;  r  803  Rock ;  s  s. 

Washburne  C.  E.  cabinet  maker ;  r  904  Rock- 
ton  av. 

Washburne  J .  T.  cabinet  maker ;  r  904  Rock- 
ton  av. 

Washburne  Edward  Y.  r  904  Rockton  av. 

Washburn  G.  H.  emp  tack  factory;  r  207 
Horsman. 

Waterbury  E.D.rulemfr ;  r  1003  S.Church ;  s  s. 

Waterman  F.  W.  Travelers'  Ins  Co,  P  O 
building ;  bds  609  S.  Fourth ;  e  s. 

Waterman  J.  D.  bkpr;  r  214  S.  Church;  w  s. 

Waterman  J.  H.  manager  W.  U.  telegraph 
office.  Galena  depot;  r  709  Elm. 

Waterman  Hiram,  carp;  r  406  S.  Main;  e  s. 

Watson  Edward,  butcher ;  bds  City  Hotel. 

Watson  Fred.  S.  r  707  N.  Main  ;  w  s. 

Watson  Rev.  John,  r  703  Rural ;  e  s. 

WATSOX  WM.  Secretary  Rockford 
Insurance  Co. ;  Office  over  Second  Nat'l 
Bank,  cor.  State  and  Main  sts. ;  residence 
611  W.  State  st. 

Watts ,  rooms  Wallack's  block. 

Waxham  E.  bkpr;  r  605  Rockton  av;  w  s. 

Waxham  Geo.  pattern  maker;  r  Montague, 
bet  S.  Main  and  Church;  s s. 

Way  S.  J.  druggist ;  r  406  N.  First;  e  s. 

Weary  M.  S.  photog'r ;  bds  508  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Weatherspoon  G.  watch  maker ;  bds  Ameri- 
can House. 

Weaver  Geo.  W.  r  1109  Ferguson ;  s  s. 

Weaver  Lester  B.  r  1109  Ferguson;  s  s. 

Webb  James,  r  1202  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 

Webb  Rev.  Wm.  R.,  D.D.,  r  604  N.Second ;  e  s. 

Weber  B.  A.  tin  and  copper  works,  110  N 
Main ;  r  1012  Elm ;  w  s. 

Weber  Glaus,  blacksmith ;  r  1205  S.  Winne 
bago ;  s  s. 

Webster  Carlton,  r  Ninth  av ;  W.  A. 

Webster  Charles,  r  310  S.  Main ;  e  s. 

Webster  Wm.  V.  r  301  N.  Second;  e  s. 

Weeden  R.  C.  r  910  S.  Main ;  s  s. 


Weidman  J.  E.  carp ;  r  405  N.  Third ;  e  s. 
Weir  D.  emp  G.  Haskell ;  r  815  N.Main ;  w  s. 
Weir  Neil,  emp  B.&  E. ;  r  815  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

IVEISEK'AHIi  JACOB,    Dyer  and 
Scourer  of  Ladies'  and  Gents'   Clothing, 
etc.,  108  W.  State  st. ;  residence  same  No. ; 
born  in  Germany,  April  5,  1846;   came  to 
Chicago  in  1870;  to  Rockford  in  1871;  he 
is   a  practical   dyer  and  scourer,   having 
been  engaged  in  the  busioess  in  France, 
Belgium  and  this  country  more  than  18 
years;    first-class    work    done    at    lowest 
prices ;  perfect  satisfaction  guaranteed. 
Welch  D.  mechanic ;  r  1006  S.  Church ;  s  s. 
Welch  Frank  H.  bolt  shop;  r  911  Rock;  s  s. 
Welch  Geo.  E.  lab ;  r  911  Rock ;  s  s. 
Welch  Jas.  lab ;  r  1007  Elm ;  w  s. 
Welch  Jas.  lab;  r  318  S.  Wyman. 
Welch  John,  lab ;  r  1007  Elm ;  w  s. 
Welch  John,  lab;  r  318  S.  Wyman. 
Welch  Louis  A.  r  911  Rock;  s  s. 
Welch  Michael,  lab;  r  318  S.  Wyman. 
Welch  Patrick,  lab ;  r  712  Wall ;  s  s. 
Welch  Patrick,  lab ;  r  318  S.  Wyman. 
Welch  Thos.  lab ;  r  1312  Rock ;  s  s. 
^WEIiW   WM.  R.  Justice  of  the  Peace 
and  Insurance  Agent,  306  State  st. ;   West 
Side;   residence  406  N.  Rockford;   East 
Side ;  born  in  Le  Roy,  Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Oct.   12,   1820 ;   came  to  Geneva,  Wis.,  in 
1845;   removed  to  Rockton,  this  Co.,   in 
June,  1849;  came  to  Rocklbrd  in  June, 
1872;   he  was  Justice  of  the    Peace    in 
Rockton  Tp.  14  years;   eight  years  of  the 
time  he  was  Associate  County  Justice ;  for 
a  number  of  years  he  was  Clerk  of  Rock- 
ton Tp. ;  elected  Justice  and  Police  Magis- 
trate here  in  the  spring  of  1877. 
Welden  A.  W.  r  1202  Montague ;  s  s. 
Welden  Edward,  r  512  N.  Second;  e  s. 
Welden  F.  N.  cultivator  mfr;  r  512  N.  2d. 
Weldon  C.  J.  blacksmith ;  r  301  Morgan ;  s  s 
Weldon  John,  r  301  Morgan;  s  s. 
Weldon  J.  carriagemkr ;  r  301  Morgan ;  s  s. 
Weldon  Thos.  carp ;  r  301  Morgan ;  s  s. 
Wellington  Horace,  r  716  North ;  e  s. 
Wellington  W.stonemason ;  r  716  North  ;e  s. 
Wells  Alfred  P.  city  clerk,   office  Wallach's 

block;  r  524  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Wells  Fred  K.  r  524  N.  Church ;  w  s. 
Wells  F.  M.  bds  210  N.  Fourth;  e  s. 
Wells  H.R.expressman ;  r  209  N. Church  ;w  s. 
Wells  John  F.  painter ;  bds  City  Hotel. 
Welshe  Geo.  lab;  r  Harlem  av;  w  s. 
Welshe  Jas.  lab;  r  Harlem  av;  w  s. 
Welty  John,  r  1308  Charles;  e  s. 
Wendland  C.  F.  bds  224  S.  Main ;  w  s. 
Wenstrom  Gust,  carp;  r  1105  Third  av;  e  s. 
Wenstrom  P.  A.  lab;  r  1108  Fourth  av;  e  s. 


ROCKFORD   CITY. 


533 


WentworthC.W.lab ;  r  Cuniiingham,n  South. 
Wentwortli  Geo.  H.  r  Cunningham,  n  South. 
Wert  D.  bhicksmith;  r  1208  S.  Court;  s  s. 
West  E.  S.  bkpr;  bds  124  S.  Main;  e  s. 
West  H.H.with  Rockf.  ins  co ;  r  203]Sr.4th ;  es. 
West  John,  mechanic ;  r  708  N.  Main ;  e  s. 
West  L.  J.  r  124  S.  Main-,  e  s. 

liVJEST  I.UCIUS  M.  Manufacturer 
of  Enamel  Leather  Dressing,  121  N.  Main 
St.;  residence  124  S.  Main  St. ;  East  Side; 
born  in  Vernon,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y..  June 
19,  1820;  he  was  for  seven  years,  witli 
Charles  Goodyear,  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  rubber  goods;  in  the  fall  of 
1858  came  to  Rockford  and  for  twelve 
years  carried  on  the  business  of  dealer  in 
rubber  goods  and  boots  and  shoes ;  com- 
menced the  manufacture  of  leather  var- 
nish before  he  retired  from  the  boot  and 
shoe  and  India  rubber  goods  business; 
for  six  years  he  has  been  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  leather  dressing,especially 
used  for  carriage  tops ;  Mr.  West  married 
Sarah  Sturtevant,  of  Verona,  Oneida  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  they  have  three  sons,  Hamilton  H., 
Elliott  S.  and  L.  Judson;  Mr.  W.  and 
family  are  members  of  the  Baptist 
Church,  he  being  one  of  the  Deacons  of 
the  State  Street  Baptist  Church;  for  ten 
years  he  was  Treasurer  of  the  Society. 

Wettergreen  John,  r  910  Second  av. 

AVeyburn  L.  A.  bkpr ;  r  607  N.  Church. 

Weyburn  S.  F.  bkpr;  r  607  N.  Church. 

Wheat  Chas  H.  painter;  r  30o  Chestnut;  w  s. 

Wheat  Fred,  mail  agent;  bds  406  N.  Win- 
nebago ;  w  s. 

Wheat  James,  carp ;  r  407  N.  West ;  w  s. 

Wheat  J.  H.  carp  and  joiner;  1012  E.  State. 

Wheeler  A.  J.  bkpr ;  r  402  Kishwaukee. 

Wheeler  A.  J.  RR.  bridge  night  watchman ; 
r  407  S.  First. 

Wheeler  C.  W.  trav  agt ;  r  202  Horsman. 

Wheeler  H.  E.  r  904  E.  State. 

Wheeler  Solomon,  r  108  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 

Wheeler  Victor  M.  tinsmith;  r  707  W.  State. 

Whiflin  F.  J.  dry  goods,  etc ;  bds  901  S.Main. 

Whipple  B.  F.  carp;  r  1003  S.  West;  s  s. 

Whipple  C.  M.  salesman ;  r  1003  S.  AYest ;  s  s. 

Whirgren  John,  bds  302  S.  Second ;  e  s. 

Whitaker  D.  sexton ;  r  502  N.  Second ;  e  s. 

AVhite  A.  S.  pattern  maker;  r  708  N.Win- 
nebago. 

White  H.engC.&]Sr.W.RR;bds  306  S.Church. 

White  Jack,  r  210  Horsman ;  w  s. 

White  Richard,  lab;  r  602  N.  First;  e  s. 

White  Wm.  B.  blacksmith ;  r  906  E.  State. 

White  W.  M.  bds;  509  Oak;  e  s. 

Whiteside  H.  R.  r  607  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Whiteside  John  W.  r  n  end  Winnebago ;  w  s. 


Whiteside  M.  P.  farmer ;  r  n  endRockton  av. 

and  N.  Winnebago. 
Whitmeyer  A.  B.  agt  C.  &  N.  W.  RR.   co; 

r  at  depot ;  e  s. 
Whitmore  C.  W.   emp  George  Bradley;  r 

605  N.  First. 
Whitmore  J.  H.  carp;  r  409  N.  First;  e 3. 
AVhittall  Wm.  stonemason ;  r  808  Rural ;  e  s. 
Whittall  Wm.,  jr.  r  808  Rural ;  e  s. 
WifHu  Herbert  W.  r  212  N.  Church;  w  s. 
Wiggins  Charles  E.  r  Prospect ;  s  s. 
Wiggins  Horace,  r  Prospect ;  s  s. 
Wiggins  Jacob,  ins  agt;  r  Prospect;  s  s. 
Wiggins  M.  B.  bds.  605  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Wight  J.  M.  atty;  r  202  S.  First;  e  a. 
Wigton  J.B,  blacksmith ;  r  919  Horsman ;  w  s. 
Wigren  Charles  J.  r  712  First  av;  e  s. 

WIGREN  KEV.  JOHlf,  Pastor  of 
the  Swedish  M.  E.  Church;  res.  712  First 
avenue.  East  Side ;  born  m  Sweden,  Oct.lst, 
1826;  came  to  Indiana  in  1852;  resided 
there  11  years;  preached  in  Iroquois  Co., 
Ills.,  2 years;  Mercer  Co.  2 years;  Andover, 
Henry  Co.,  4  years ;  Moline,  2  years ;  then 
went  back  to  Mercer  Co.  and  remained  2 
years  again ;  then  came  to  Rockford — has 
been  here  2  years ;  for  4  years  Mr.  Wigren 
preached  under  a  local  license;  was  or- 
dained Deacon  the  24th  Sept.,  1865; 
ordained  Elder  Sept.  27th,  1868 ;  married 
Hannah  Anderson,  June  24, 1849 ;  she  died 
June  16,  1856;  they  had  three  children; 
two  living,  Charles  J.  and  James  T. ; 
August  P.  died  in  Sweden,  Feb.  19,  1874, 
aged  24  years;  Mr.  Wigren's  present  wife 
was  Marry  C.  Johnson ;  married  Nov.  16, 
1856 ;  they  have  six  children  living,  Han- 
nah v.,  Theodore  E.,  Victor  A.,  Elmer  E., 
Emily  W.,  and  Eugene  A. ;  lost  one  daugh- 
ter, Aurora  J.,  who  died  Nov.  12,  1875, 
aged  19  months. 

Wilber  L.  watchmaker ;  r  906  S.  Church ;  s  s. 

Wilcox  George  W.  r  902  Montague;  s  s. 

WlliCOX  WM.  H.  Dealer  in  Musical 
Instruments  and  Sewing  Machines,  223 
E.  State  street ;  residence  708  First  avenue ; 
born  in  Berlin,  Hartford  Co.,  Conn.,  July 
27,  1835;  came  to  Roscoe  Township,  this 
Co.,  in  1837;  lived  in  Iowa  3  years,  in  Wis. 
2  years;  married  Alice  Curtis,  Dec.  13, 
1856;  she  was  born  in  Bucksport,  Maine, 
Sept.  19,  1837;  they  have  two  children 
living,  Clitford  W.  and  Alvin  C. ;  they  have 
lost  three  children,  Clifford  L.  died  Aug. 
19,  1858,  aged  five  months;  Carroll  L.  died 
in  infancy  in  1870,  and  Frank  M.  died 
June  27,  1873,  aged  11  years;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Wilcox  are  members  of  the  Third  street  M. 
E.  Church. 

Wilder  Nathaniel,  r  526  N.  Church ;  w  s. 

Wildt  Wm.  watclimaker ;  bds  107  N.First ;  e  s. 

Wilhelm  C.  M.  salesman;  r  611  E.  State. 


534 


WINlfEBAGO   COUNTY   DIKECTTORY: 


1VI1,KIXS   SYIiVESTER   B. 

President  Rockford  Bolt  Works,  Water 
Power,  near  R.  R.  Bridge;  residence  413 
N.  Main  street ;  born  in  Coventry,  Chen- 
ango Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  24,  1833 ;  came  to 
Rockford  in  Oct.  1870 ;  married  Jennie  I. 
Goodlander,  May  16,  1861 ;  she  was  born 
in  Milton,  Northumberland  Co.,  Pa. ;  they 
have  two  children,  George  L.,  born  July 
11,  1864,  and  Mary  R.,  born  Dec.  37,  1869. 

i;VII.KIWS  WAIiTER  S.  Superin- 
tendent Painting  Department  of  Emerson, 
Talcott  &  Co. ;  residence  304  Kent  street, 
between  Church  and  Main ;  born  in  Coven- 
try, Chenango  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  38,  1835 ; 
came  to  Rockford  m  1871 ;  married  Eliza- 
beth A.  Arnold,  Nov.  1855 ;  she  was  born 
in  Volnez,  Oswego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1833; 
they  have  one  child  living,  Emma  J.,  born 
Nov.  7,  1859 ;  they  have  lost  one  son,  Earl 
D.,  who  died  in  Aug.  1874,  aged  ]9  years; 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wilkins  are  members  of  the 
South  Rockford  M.  E.  Church. 

IVrLLIAMSOHf  FRANCIS  ».  & 

SON,  Proprietors  of  the  99  Cent  Store, 
Jobbers  and  Retail  Dealers  in  Jewelry, 
Staple  and  Fancy  Goods,  etc.,  107  West 
State  street ;  Francis  D.  Williamson  resides 
at  305  North  Church  street ;  he  was  born 
in  Cornwall,  Addison  Co.,  Vt.,  Jan.  1st, 
1884 ;  came  to  Lee  Co.  in  1853 ;  he  served 
as  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Bradford,  Lee 
Co.,  Ills.,  14  years ;  was  Township  Treas- 
urer there  13  years,  and  served  six  years 
continuously,  besides  serving  two  or  three 
other  terms,  as  Supervisor  of  Bradford 
Township;  was  Supervisor  during  the 
war  and  took  an  active  part  in  raising 
and  enlisting  men  for  the  ditferent  quotas 
of  that  town. 

Williamson  H.  H.  99  cent  store ;  r  205  N. 

Church. 
Williamson  F.  W.  elk ;  r  205  N.  Church ;  w  s. 
Williams  C.  W.  mechanic ;  r  406  S.  Main ;  e  s. 
Williams  B.  C.  meat  market,  506  E.  State. 
Williams  C.  L.  r  431  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Williams  D.  H.  billiard  room,  below  301  W. 

State;  r  111  N.  Winnebago. 
Williams  Wm.  Emory,  lab ;  r  S.  Water ;  e  s. 
Williams  H.  W.  bkpr ;  r  309  S.  Court. 
Williams  Irving,  elk;  r  105  Summit;  e  s. 
Williams  J.  carp ;  bds  113  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Williams  James,  barber  shop,  cor  W.  State 

and  S.  Main ;  r  703  George ;  w  s. 
Williams  John  L.  law  student;   bds  907  N. 

Court;  w  s. 
Willis  Rev.  E.  D.  r  Whitman,  cor  N.  Church. 
Willis  E.  D.  r  cor  Whitman  and  N.  Church ; 

w  s. 
Willis  Wm.  emp  A.  Vanlnwagen ;  r  over  339 

W.  State. 
Will  Andrew,  r  704  Fourth  av ;  e  s, 
Will  Chas.  1017  Mulberry;  w  s. 


Will  E.  elk  Wm.  McKinley ;  r  1017  Mulberry. 
Will  W.  H.  r  808  Peach ;  w  s. 

WIEI.OUOHBY  FRA]!(fCIS  E. 
Farmer  (Sec.  13)  and  Manager  of  the  Win- 
nebago Co.  Patrons'  Co-operative  Associa- 
tion Store,  504  W.  State  st. ;  born  in  Oxford, 
Chenango  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  30, 1831 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  Feb..  1866 ;  married  Jenett 
E.  Root,  Feb.  6,  1857 ;  she  was  born  in  Ox- 
ford, N.  Y. ;  they  have  five  children :  Au- 
gusta E.,  Edgar  C,  Arthur  B.,  John  H. 
and  Francis ;  they  have  lost  two  daughters ; 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Willoughby  are  members  of 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

Wills  Charles,  r  1103  Third  av;  e  s. 
Wilsey  Hotfman,  lab ;  r  1303  S.  Main ;  s  s. 
Wilsey  James  H.  lab;  r  1303  S.  Main. 
Willsey  P.  C.  stone  cutter ;  r  608  Rockton  av. 
Willsey  Wellington,  r  608  Rockton  av. 
Willson  Wm.  G.  r  501  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Willmarth  Irod  C.  agt;  r  809  Third  av;  e  s. 
Wilmarth  Willie,  lab;  r  113  S.  Main;  e  s. 
Wilmarth  Wm.  employe  Holland  House. 

WII.MOT  HEXRY  T..  Foreman  of 
Planing  Mill,  Sash,  Door  and  Blind  Fac- 
tory of  J.  F.  Lander  Estate;  residence 
1109  S.  Main  st. ;  born  in  Stamford,  Fair- 
field Co.,  Conn.,  Jan.  38,  1833;  came  to 
Rockford  in  the  spring  of  1864;  served 
apprenticeship  as  Carpenter;  has  been 
engaged  in  present  occupation  23  years ; 
married  Almira  M.  Dewey,  Dec.  15,  1857 ; 
she  was  born  in  N.  Y.  State,  Jan.  11, 
1836;  they  have  one  daughter,  Ida  M., 
born  July  13,  1859;  Mr.  Wilmot  served 
1  year  in  Co.  B,  38th  Conn.  V.  I.;  was 
Second  Lieutenant ;  was  at  Siege  of  Port 
Hudson,  etc. 

Wilmot  T.  W.  painter;  r  1306  S.  Main;  s  s. 

Wilson  C.  T.  emp  Geo.  Bradley;  r  603  S.  3d. 

Wilson  C.  W.  r  808  George ;  w  s. 

Wilson  E.  T.  cigars,  etc. ;  r  807  S.  West;  s  s. 

Wilson  E.  H.  cigars,  etc. ;  r  807  S.  West;  s  s. 

Wilson  Fillmore,  printer ;  r  809  Pecatonica. 

IVIESOHf  OEOROE,  Stone  Cutter, 
Stone  Mason,  and  Contractor  and  Builder ; 
estimates  given  and  contracts  taken  for  all 
kinds  of  buildings ;  he  is  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal contractors  in  Rockford ;  all  kinds  of 
stone  can  be  obtained  at  his  yard,  404 
Cedar  st. ;  r  Cedar,  bet  S.  Court  and  Church 
sts.  West  Side ;  Mr.  W.  was  born  in  Scot- 
land, March  38,  1849 ;  came  to  N.  Y.  City 
in  1870;  came  to  Chicago  in  1873,  and  to 
Rockford  June  10, 1873 ;  married  Anna  C. 
Milne,  July  12,  1874;  she  was  born  in 
Scotland ;  they  have  one  daughter  living ; 
have  lost  one  daughter ;  Mr.  W.  resides  on 
west  side  of  Cedar  st.,  second  house  east  of 
Court  St. 

Wilson  Geo.  carp ;  r  909  N.  Court ;  w  s. 

Wilson  H.  D.  ice  dealer;  r  306  Chestnut, 


ROOKPORD    CITt. 


535 


Wilson  Geo.  F.  elk  Hollaad  House ;  r  same. 
Wilson  Henry  C.  r  807  S.  West;  s  s. 
Wilson  J.  C.  meat  mkt;  bds  906  S.  West;  ss. 
Wilson  T.printer  Gazette ;\>^s,  302  S.Main ;  w  s. 
Winclicster  Wm.  cooper;  r804Corbin;  s  s. 
Wingate  Stephen,  r  808  Seminary;  e  s. 
Wingate  W.  S.  elk;  r  808  Seminary. 
Winn  C.A.painter;  r  1212  S.Winnebago ;  s  s. 
Winn  C.J.  painter;  r  1212  S.Winnebago ;  s  s. 
Winn  D.  C.  painter;  r  1006  S.  Court;  s  s. 
Winn  J.S.painter;  r  1101  S.  Winnebago;  s  s. 
Winnie  C.  H.  barber;  r  821  S.  Main;  s  s. 
Winnie  J.Lansing,  barber ;  r  1007  S.Main ;  s  s. 
Winslow  D.  H.  mason ;  r  805  Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Winslow  George  F.  r  805  Ferguson ;  s  s. 
Wise  C.  R.  bkpr ;  r  Mulberry  bet  West  and 

Winnebago. 
Wise  E.  C.  carp;  r  610  Mulberry. 
Wise  Harry,  412  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Wise  Harry  L.  r  C.  H.  Wise,  Mulberry. 
Wisson  J.  carp ;  r  Morgan  cor  Corbin ;  s  s. 
Wiswell  Z.  C.  r  109  N.  Fifth;  e  s. 

^VITHROVT  S.  C.  Dealer  in  Dry 
Goods  and  Carpets  114  and  116  S.  Main 
St.;  residence  on  S.  Main  st.,  cor  Kent; 
South  Side;  born  in  Summerford,  Ohio, 
Aug.  26,  1837 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1861 ; 
he  has  been  engaged  in  present  business 
since  he  first  came  here. 

WITWER    BEXJAMIN    H.    Of 

the  firm  ot  Hough  &  Witwer,  Grocers, 
326  E.  State  st. ;  residence  502  N.  First  st. ; 
was  born  in  Alden,  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June 
25,  1842 ;  came  to  Cherry  Valley,  in  this 
Co.,  in  April,  1858;  came  to  Rockford,  and 
engaged  in  the  Grocery  business  with  Mr. 
Hough,  in  Feb.,  1864;  married  Mary 
Addte  Hurd,  Sept.  25,  1866 ;  she  was  born 
in  Marshall,  Mich.,  May  2,  1843;  they 
have  two  children,  Mary  H.,  born  March 
19,  1868,  and  Jessie  June,  June  8,  1875 ; 
Mr.  Witwer  is  a  member  of  the  Disciple 
Church ;  his  father,  John  Witwer,  resides 
with  him ;  he  was  born  in  Lancaster  Co., 
Pa.,  May  3,  1801 ;  he  was  engaged  in  the 
milling  business  until  he  came  to  Cherry 
Valley,  in  1858 ;  he  then  engaged  in  farm- 
ing, which  he  continued  until  he  came  to 
Rockford,  in  1866;  his  wife  was  Maria 
Weaver;  they  were  married  Feb.  12,  1824; 
she  was  born  in  same  place  in  Pa.  as  her 
husband,  and  died  here,  Aug.  14,  1872; 
there  are  eight  children  living ;  Mr.  John 
Witwer  is  also  a  member  of  the  Disciple 
Church. 

Witwer  Geo.  W.  salesman ;  r  501  N.  2d ;  e  s. 

Witwer  W.  D.  r  509  Oak ;  e  s. 

Woiceshky  F.  J.  elk ;  r  310  E.  State. 

Wolford  E.  mason;  r  214  S.  Church. 

Wood  Freeman,  farmer ;  r  805  S.  Court ;  3  s. 

Wood  James  S.  r  601  Pecatonica. 


Wood  Jos.  cabinetmaker ;  r  over  413  E.  State. 

Wood  Philip  R.  carp ;  r  Winnebago,  above 
Whitman. 

Wood  W.  B.  machinist ;  r  1307  Second  av. 

Woodard  H.  W.  painter;  r  105  N.  2d;  e  s. 

Woodbury  Rev.  F.  P.  pastor  Second  Congre- 
gational Church ;  r  404  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Woods  Jas.  lab;  r  510  N.  First;  e  s. 

Woods  Thos.  lab ;  r  510  N.  First ;  e  s. 

Woodman  Robt.  r  906  Rockton  av. 

Woodruff  A.eaudymLr ;  i  4^9  Chestnut;  ws. 

Woodrufi"  Chas.  H.  r  s^.one  block,  Cherry. 

Woodruff  C.  W.  lab;  r  1203 S.  Winnebago. 

Woodruff  E.  L.  r  207  N.  Court;  w  s. 

Woodruff  E.  Wm.  r  stone  block ;  Cherry. 

WOODRUFF  OIIiBERT,  resi- 
dence 502  S.  Third ;  East  Side ;  President 
Rockford  National  Bank,  also  President 
of  the  Forest  City  Insurance  Co.  and  of 
Forest  City  Furniture  Co. ;  he  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Seminary  Board  of  Trustees ; 
was  Mayor  of  the  city  in  1873  and  1874 ; 
he  was  born  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  Nov. 
20,  1817 ;  came  to  Rockford  in  1858. 

Woodruff  G.  L.  assistant  book  keeper  Sec- 
ond National  Bank ;  r  207  N.  Court. 

Woodruff  Russell  D.  painter;  r  505  E.  State. 

Woodruff  John  H.  r  stone  block.  Cherry. 

Woodruff  V.  D.  r  502  S.  Third. 

Woodruff  W.  F.  messenger  Rockford  Na- 
tional Bank ;  r  502  S.  Third ;  e  s. 

Woodruff  W.  hardware;  r  509  Peach. 

WOODWARD  AMOS  ^V.  Manu- 
facturer of  Iron  Pumps,  Water  Wheel 
Governors,  and  General  Machine  Work ; 
on  water  power,  first  building  east  of  the 
woolen  mill;  residence  601  Peach  st. ; 
born  in  Winthrop,  Me.,  July  16,  1829 ;  he 
has  been  engaged  working  as  machinist 
27  years ;  came  to  Rockford  in  Oct.,  1856 ; 
married  Mary  L.  Sealy,  of  England ;  they 
have  two  sons  and  two  daughters;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Woodward  are  members  of  the 
First  Baptist  Church. 

Woodward  Eugene,  r  304  Chestnut ;  w  s. 
Woodward  — ,  painter ;  r  105  N.  Second ;  e  s. 
Woolery  John,  lab ;  r  n  end  Pecatonica. 
Wolfel  J.  emp  Miller  &  Hamlyn ;  r  1011  W. 

State. 
Wolff  J.  fur  goods  mfg.,  hats  and  caps,  309 

W.  State;  r  612  Court;  e  s. 
Wolf  Wm.  r  Lincoln  av. 
Woolsey  Clare,  r  507  S.  Second ;  e  s. 
Woolsey  C.  M.  miller;  r404  S.  First;  es. 
Woolsey  A.  J.  harnessmkr;  r  1102  Charles. 
Woolsey  Chas.  miller ;  r  S.  First. 

Woolsey  C.  H.  cashier  Galena  division  C.  & 
N.  W.  R.R. ;  r  507  S.  Second ;  e  s, 

Wooster  Wm.  fireman,  nr  limits, 


536 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIEECTOBT: 


I^ORjKS  CHARI.es,  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  Conveyancer  and  Collecting 
Agent;  office  E.  State  st. ;  residence  501 
Seminary  st. ;  East  Side ;  born  in  West 
moreland,  N.  H.,  Nov.  24,  1803 ;  lived  in 
Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  1827  to  1830; 
from  1830  to  1834,  in  Oswego  Co. ;  came  to 
Ottawa,  111.,  in  1834;  lived  there  until 
Feb.,  1836,  when  he  came  to  Rockford, 
where  he  has  resided  since  that  time ;  he 
was  one  of  the  first  voters  at  the  first  elec- 
tion in  Winnebago  Co.;  was  first  Super- 
visor of  Guilford  Tp. ;  elected  in  1850; 
Assessor  of  same  Tp.  one  year,  also  Collec- 
tor one  year;  in  1863  he  was  elected 
County  Treasurer;  held  that  office  four 
years;  in  1868  elected  Justice  of  the 
Peace;  has  held  that  office  continuous!}' 
since  first  election;  first  wife  was  Mary  L. 
Kellogg,  of  Mexico.,  N.  Y. ;  married  in 
1833;  she  died  in  1843;  they  had  one  son, 
Wm.  W.,  who  enlisted  in  the  First  Board 
of  Trade  Regt.,  Chicago,  in  1862,  and  was 
killed  at  Vicksburg,  May  19,  1863 ;  second 
wife  was  Jeannette  S.  Duncan ;  married  in 
1846;  .she  died  in  1862;  three  children  liv- 
ing by  this  marriage,  Chas.  A.,  Mary  H. 
and  Laura  J. ;  present  wife  was  Mrs  Ann 
D.  Wheeler;  married  in  1865. 

Wormwood  Chas.  r  508  S.  Main ;  w  s. 

Wormwood  Wm.  O.  r  419  N.  Main ;  w  s. 

Worsley  G.   H.  tinner;  r   1001   S.  Winne- 


Worsley  Geo.  R.  machinist.  735  N.  First ;  e  s. 
Worsley  Jas.  moulder;  r  402  Hill ;  e  s. 
Worsley  J. F. mechanic;  r  lUOl  S.Winnebago. 
Worsley  Jos.  carp ;  bds  White's  Hotel. 
Worster  Isaac  H.  r  Market,  cor  E.  State. 
Worthington  Frank  E.  r  209  N.  First;  e  s. 
Worthington  Chas.  R.  r  209  N.  First;  e  s. 
Worthington  F.H.druggist;  r  209  N.  1st;  es. 

ll^ORTHISrGTOX  WM.  Druggist, 
407  E.  State  st. ;  residence  209  N.  First  st. ; 
born  in  Enfield,  Conn.,  July  5,  1813;  came 
to  Rockford  in  the  spring  of  1838;  fol- 
lowed farming  pursuits,  clerked  in  Post- 
office,  blacksmithing,  etc.,  until  1843, 
when  he  opened  the  first  drug  store  in 
Rockford;  first  wife  was  Maria  Baker; 
married  at  Little  Fort  (now  Waukegan), 
Oct.  27,  1844;  she  died  Oct.  2,  1846;  they 
bad  one  child,  Albert,  who  died  in  Sept., 
1846,  aged  13  months ;  present  wife  was 
Eliza  Kellogg;  married  in  Rockford;  she 
was  born  in  Geauga  Co.,  Ohio,  June  14, 
1823;  they  have  four  children  living,  Wm. 
H.,  born  Nov.  4,  1854;  Frank  H.,  Aug. 
23,  1856;  Chas.  V.,  Sept.  17,  1858;  and 
Julia,  in  1852;  lost  two  children,  Ella, 
born  July  20, 1848,  died  May  2,  18)2;  Ida , 
born  Feb.  26,  1865,  died  Dec.  10,  1865;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  W.  are  members  of  the  M.  E. 
Church. 

Worthington  W.H.druggist;  r  209  N.lst;  e  s. 

Wortman  Samuel,  r  504  S.  Sixth ;  e  s. 


WRIGHT  AI.BERT  Tf^.  Butcher; 

403  W.  State  st. ;  residence  207  S.  West  st. ; 
born  in  Nassau,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  6,  1828 ;  came 
to  Rockford  in  1858 ;  has  been  engaged  in 
butchering  business  most  of  the  time 
since  he  came  here;  first  wife  was  Carrie 
L.  Welch ;  she  died  in  May,  1870 ;  present 
wife  was  Annie  Weary ;  she  was  born  in 
Rockford ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wright  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Second  Congregational  Church. 

Wright  C.  B.  at  Rockford  Register;  r  908 
First  av ;  e  s. 

Wright  M.O.  painter;  bds  Forest  City  House. 

Wright  John  H.  r  813  Pecatonica. 

WRIGHT  XEWTOX  D.  Senior 
Editor  of  the  Rockford  Daily  and  Weekly 
Register;  was  born  Oct.,  1842,  in  Adams, 
Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  removed  with  parents 
to  Mc  Henry  Co.,  Ill,  in  1846;  in  1854  went 
to  Salem,  Kenosha  Co.,  Wis.;  his  early- 
years  were  spent  on  a  farm,  getting  a  good, 
thorough  English  education  from  schools 
and  academies  in  the  vicinity;  in  1860 
learned  the  printer's  trade  at  Kenosha, 
Wis.;  enlisted  in  1862,  in  Co.  C,  33d  Regt, 
of  Wis.  V.  I. ;  was  discharged  on  surgeon's 
examination;  afterwards  enlisted  in  39th 
Wis.  V.  I.,  100  day  men,  and  served  dur- 
ing enlistment;  in  1867  bought  Delavan 
Republican,  and  published  it  tor  7  years ; 
came  to  Rockford  in  spring  of  1875,  and 
purchased  the  Rockford  Register,  and  is  at 
present  at  the  head  of  the  paper ;  married 
Miss  Marv  A.  Winegar,  of  Kenosha,  Oct. 
1,  1863.  who  died  in  Aug.,  1868;  had  two 
sons,  Elton  S.  and  Charlie  E. ;  married  for 
his  second  wife,  Oct  1,  1870,  Miss  H.  M. 
Munsel,  of  Delavan,  Wis.;  one  daughter. 
Bertha  M. 

Wright  Pat  lab;  r  114  S.  Water;  e  s. 

Wunder  Geo.  r  1312  Charles. 

Wylander  August,  bds  901  Fourth  av ;  e  s. 

Wyman  C.  W.  machinist;  r  Lincoln  av;  s  s. 

WYMAN  EPHRAIM,  Retired;  res- 
idence Lincoln  av.,  near  Main  st. ;  South 
Side ;  born  in  Lancaster,  Mass.,  Jan.  26, 
1809 ;  when  15  years  of  age  he  moved  to 
Keene,  N.  H.,  where  he  followed  the  busi- 
ness of  a  baker  there,  until  he  removed  to 
Rockford,  Sept  20,  1835 ;  was  engaged  in 
the  bakery  business  here  until  1850,  when 
he  went  to  California  and  remained  there 
until  1853,  when  he  went  to  Lancaster, 
Mass.,  and  married  Caroline  Pierce,  June 
15,  1853 ;  she  was  born  in  Waltham,  Mass., 
Dec.  29,  1819 ;  they  had  one  child,  Fred- 
erick Thayer,  who  was  born  Sept  9,  1861, 
and  died  Aug.  4,  1865 ;  Mr.  Wyman  was 
County  Treasurer  and  Assessor  in  1844 
and  1845;  he  was  Street  Commissioner 
nine  years,  from  1862  to  1871. 

Wyman  Ephraim,  jr.,  r  Lincoln  av. 

Wynkoop  H.  L.  hackdriver ;  r  407  E.  State. 

YALDEN  JOHN,    r  cor   Jackson  and 
Summit 


ROOKFORD   CITY. 


537 


Yalden  Wm.  lab ;  r  1407  Charles. 

Yates  Alexander.sash  and  blindmaker ;  r  609 
Rockton  av. 

Yates  A.  P.  hardware;  r  515  E.  State. 

Yates  Jno.  hardware;  r  515  E.  State. 

Yates  A.  W.  tiusmith  John  Yates  &  Son;  r 
515  E.  State. 

Yard  Sidney,  r  201  N.  Main ;  w  s. 
Yard  W.  K.  carp ;  r  201  N.  Main ;  w  s. 


Young  Edwin  F.  emp  Geo.  Bradley ;  bds  304 

Chestnut;  w  s. 

ZEIGLER  JACOB,  cigar  maker;  bds  N. 
Main. 
Zerlaut  A. soda  water  mfg;  r  1310  Charles  ;es. 
Zimniermann  August,  saloon,  824  S.  Main. 
Zimmerman  J.  P.  trav  agl;  r  603  S.  4th;  e  s. 
Zoller  C.  mechanic;  r  507  Kishwaukee;  e  s. 
Zuck  F.  J.  barber  ui.  ler  113  W.  State;  r  905 
Horsman. 


ABBREVIATIONS  FOR  TOWNSHIP    DIRECTORY. 


Co - company  or  county- 
farm - farmer 

I.  V.  I ...Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry 

I.  V.  C ...Illinois  Volunteer  Cavalry 

I.  V.  A Illinois  Volunteer  Artillery 

mkr maker 


P.  O Post  Office 

prop-- proprietor 

i:'  or  Sec section 

st street 

supt superintendent 

treas treasurer 


ROCKFORD  TOWNSHIR 


A  BBOTT  T.  J.  farmer;  Sec.  9. 

Anderson  John,  Sec.  35. 
Ashford  Alfred,  farmer;  Sec.  17. 
Austin  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  16. 


B 


ARNS  HENRY,  farmer;  Sec.  8. 


BARBER    NOI.TOX,   Farmer;  Sec 
9 ;  owns  100  acres  land,  valued  at  $7,500 
born  in  Madison  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  29, 1826 
came  West  in  1855;  on  this  farm  14  years 
married  Emily  Marshall,  March  15,  1849 
she  was  born  in  Madison  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  have 
three  children,  Myron  E.,  born  April  3, 
1850;  Louisa  M.,  June  14,1853;  Ada  I., 
July  21,  1858 ;  held  office  of  Commissioner 
of  Highways  4  years ;  Republican ;  Meth- 
odist. 

Bartholomew  Chas.  renter ;  Sec.  35. 

Bartholomew  H.  J.  Sec.  35. 

Bensley  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  35. 

Birmingham  Simon,  rents  farm ;  Sec.  17. 

BI.ACKLAW  JAMES,  Farmer; 
Sec.  6;  owns  160  acres  land,  valued  at 
$8,000;  Republican;  never  accepted  any 
town  office;  born  in  Scotland,  1833;  came 
to  America  and  direct  to  this  Co.,  in  1850; 
married  Jessie  Simpson,  April,  1859;  she 
died  in  1866,  leavmg  three  children, 
Henry,  Albert  and  Lewis;  his  present 
wife  was  Ellen  Welsh,  born  in  L'eland,  in 
1853,  by  whom  he  has  also  three  children, 
Nelly,  Hattie  and  James. 

Braden  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  10. 


Bull  Israel,  renter. 
Burdick  Wm.  rents  farm : 


Sec.  6. 


BUNH  VriliLIAM  J.  Manager  "Cen- 
treville"  Cheese  Factory ;  Sec.  8;  born  in 
Taylor,  N.  Y.,  May  19,  1832;  moved  to 
Wisconsin  in  1844,  and  to  this  Co.  in 
1875 ;  married  Julia  Lyman ;  she  was  born 
in  Prussia,  Oct.  3,  1834;  has  six  children, 
James  W.,  born  Dec.  10,  1856 ;  Mary,  Jan. 
12,  1860;  Julia,  Aug.  10,  1862;  Florence, 
March  13,  1864;  Arthur,  Feb.  2,  1866; 
Alice,  June  8,  1873;  Republican. 

/^ARNEY  DANIEL,  Sec.  14. 

Cassidy  Thomas,  farmer ;  Sec.  24. 

<;iIAMPL.I»r  AI.FRED,  Farmer; 
Sec.  5;  owns  205  acres  land,  valued  at 
$10,000;  born  in  Sullivan,  N.  Y.,  June  19, 
1806 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845 ;  married 
three  times — first  wife,  Sophrona  Gleason, 
in  1833;  she  was  born  in  Vermont,  and 
died  in  1835;  her  two  children  died;  sec- 
ond wife  was  Pauline  Adams,  born  in 
N.  Y.;  married  in  1836;  died  in  1848;  she 
had  five  children,  two  are  living,  Charles, 
born  in  1841,  and  Kate,  in  1845;  third 
wife  was  Elvira  Drake,  born  in  N.  Y., 
July  21,  1833 ;  she  has  six  children  living, 
H.  Sophia,  born  Jan.  34,  1851;  Susan, 
April  3,  1854;  Adda,  Oct.  1,  1857;  Sarah, 
June  36,  1861;  Lizzie,  April  30,  1863; 
Clara,  June  24,  1866;  lost  two  sons  in 
army,  and  one  wounded;  holds  office  of 
School  Trustee. 

Chapman  Henry,  gardener ;  Sec.  35. 


538 


Winnebago  cotJNTir  dibeotoky: 


Chappell  John  C.  farmer ;  Sec.  10. 

CHUKCH  SAMUEL,  I.  Farmer; 
Sec.  16;  owns  16(»  acres  land,  valued  at 
$16,000;  born  in  N.  Y.,  June  11,  1815; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  June,  1848,  with  his 
family;  held  office  of  County  Sheriff  one 
term;  Republican;  Congregationalist. 

CHURCHIIili  P.  P.  Farmer;  Sec. 
25;  owns  165  acres  land,  valued  at  $16,- 
500;  born  in  Vermont,  1804;  lived  in 
N.  Y.  4  years ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1835, 
where  he  pre-empted  the  land  he  now 
occupies ;  was  offered  $3,000  for  his  claim 
before  making  much  improvements;  mar- 
ried Amanda  Wright,  1831 ;  she  was  born 
in  Vermont,  in  1804;  they  have  three 
daughters,  Mary  R.  (now  Mrs.  Chapman), 
Minerva  R.,  Amanda  A.  (now  Mrs.  Kettle- 
well)  ;  Mr.  Churchill  is  a  member  of  the 
"Early  Settlers'  Society,"  and  a  Repub- 
lican. 

Cigrand  Jacob,  Sec.  6. 

Clark  Miles  J.  fruit  farm ;  Sec.  20. 

Collins  A.  renter ;  Sec.  34. 

Collins  Ferdinand,  rents  farm ;  Sec.  84. 

Conant  N.  gardener ;  Sec.  9. 

Comings  Sherman,  farmer ;  Sees.  3  &  4. 

Converse  Frank,  farm  laborer. 

COOK  ISAAC,  Farmer;  rents  farm; 
Sec.  9;  Republican;  School  Director; 
served  in  14th  I.  V.  C.  nearly  3  years; 
was  in  22  hard-fought  battles;  born  in 
Boone  Co.,  111.,  Jan.  18,  1841 ;  maiden 
name  of  first  wife  was  Nancy  E.  Baker, 
who  died  in  1864,  leaving  two  daughters, 
Sarah  I.  (now  Mrs.  Henry  Wilt),  and 
Mary  Jane,  who  died  Sept.  6,  1867;  his 
present  wife  was  Mrs.  Lucy  A.  Wilcox; 
they  were  married  Jan.  13,  1866;  have 
lost  two  children  and  have  one  living, 
Elizabeth  Irene,  born  Feb.  14,  1871. 

Copewell  N.  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  14. 

COREY  AliO^^ZO,  Farmer;  Sec.  34; 
born  near  Skaneateles,  Ononda^o  Co., 
N.  Y.,  July  3,  1811 ;  moved  to  Madison, 
Ohio,  in  l»2l ;  in  Nov.,  1824,  he  moved  to 
Clark  Co.,  III.;  in  1829,  went  to  Edgar 
Co.,  111.,  but  returned  to  Clark  Co.  in 
1832,  and  remained  there  until  his  re- 
moval to  Rockford,  May  17,  1836 ;  from 
1832  to  1836,  he  was  engaged  in  the  mill- 
ing business  with  his  brother,  in  Clark 
Co.;  the  balance  of  his  life  has  been 
spent  in  farming  pursuits;  married  Sarah 
Ann  Keller,  Dec.  1,  1841 ;  she  was  born  in 
St.  Albans,  Vt.,  Oct.  2,  1820;  they  have 
five  children  living,  James  Dwight,  Luther 
S.,  Franklin  Alonzo,  Sarah  E.  (now  Mrs. 
Walter  D.  Pease),  and  Clara;  they  have 
lost  two  children,  Franklin,  who  died  at 
the  age  of  2  years  and  4  months,  and  Har- 
riet E.,  aged  4  years  and  4  months  at  time 
of  death;  Deacon  Corey  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  First  Baptist  Church  in  1843, 
being  baptized  the  first  Sabbath  in  Dec.  of 


that  year;  in  1855,  he  was  Assistant  Super- 
visor of  Rockford  Tp. 

Corey  Lonson,  farmer. 

Corey  Wm.  R.  farmer ;  Sec.  15. 

Crampton  Nelson,  rents  farm ;  Sec.  9. 

Crandall  Chas.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  20. 

CRAGO  BIRKETT,  Farmer;  Sec. 
7;  owns  100  acres  land,  valued  at  $9,000; 
born  in  England,  Aug.,  1811;  came  to 
America  in  1833 ;  lived  ten  years  in  New 
York  State ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1843 ;  mar- 
ried Ruth  S.  Wilson,  in  April,  1854;  she 
was  born  in  N.  Y.,  1814;  lost  one  child; 
has  been  School  Director  one  term ;  Con- 
gregationalist ;  Republican. 

CUNXIKGHAM  B.  F.  Farmer;  Sec. 
34;  born  in  Petersboro,  N.  H.,  Feb.  26, 
1820;  married  Clarissa  J.  Mandeville, 
March  14,1844;  she  was  born  near  Auburn, 
N.  Y.  April  1,  1822;  they  have  one  child, 
Jennie  E.,  born  May  26, 1852 ;  Mr.  C.  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1839 ;  for  a  number  of  years 
was  ^engaged  in  farming  in  Pecatonica ; 
balance  of  the  time  has  lived  in  Rockford 
Tp.  and  city ;  was  County  Commissioner 
in  1867  and  1868. 

CUTIiER  ASA  E.  Farmer;  Sees.  3  & 
4 ;  born  in  West  Brookfield,  Mass.,  June  23, 
1824;   lived  in   Chicago    from  spring  of 
1855  until  1871,  when  became  to  this  Co. 
owns  250  acres  land,  valued  at  $18,000 
held  office  of  School  Director  three  years 
married  Miss  Lucy  Smith,  Dec,  1862;  she 
was    born  in  Princeton,  111.;    have  four 
children,  Fred  Selby,  Jesse  Doolittle,  Alex 
Ellis  and  Dwight  Porter. 


D 


AMON  SIMEON,  farmer;  Sec.  7. 


Davey  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  3. 
Day  Mark,  farmer;  Sec.  20. 
Day  Oscar,  Sec.  21. 
Day  Thaddeus,  Sec.  20. 
Day  Wm.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  14. 
Dickerman  Jewell,  Sec.  35. 

DORR  EDWARD,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  9;  owns  236  acres  land, 
valued  at  $18,000;  also  owner  of  the  cele- 
brated trotting  stallion  "Tornado,"  for 
which  he  has  refused  the  handsome  sum 
of  $20,000;  he  has  several  of  "Tornado's  " 
colts;  one  of  them,  "Tornad  Ned,"  (five 
years  old)  is  valued  at  $1,500;  Mr.  D. 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1862;  first  wife  was 
Angeline  Willis;  married  in  1855;  she 
died  in  1867,  leaving  five  children ;  Selh 
P.,  Wm.  H.,  Marcia,  Jessie  and  Frederick ; 
married  second  wife,  Henrietta  Hickok,  in 
1872;  she  was  born  in  Penn.,  in  1853;  one 
child  Nathalie,  born  March  20,  1875 ;  Mr. 
Dorr  is  a  sound  Republican. 

P^DDY  OTIS,  farmer;  Sec.  11. 


EOOKFOBD   TOWNSHIP. 


EDDY  ELI  K.  Fanner:  Sec.  3G; 
owns  160  acres  land,  valued  at  $14,000; 
born  in  Khode  Island,  in  1808;  lived  in 
N.  Y.  Ironi  1832  until  he  came  to  this  Co., 
in  1851 ;  married  Sally  Northrup,  in  1834; 
she  was  born  Oct.  15,"l8ir);  three  children, 
Elliott,  Geo.  E.  and  William;  3Ir.  Eddy  is 
a  Republican  and  ]\Iethodist;  the  first 
white  man  who  died  in  Winnebago  Co. 
was  buried  on  his  farm;  his  son  William 
married  Matilda  Carmichael,  in  1867;  she 
was  born  in  this  Co.,  in  1844;  they  have 
three  children,  Ernest,  Fred  and  Lulu. 

Ellis  Chas.  renter;  Sec.  5. 

Ellis  Kiehard,  farmer;  Sec.  4. 

Enright  Mike,  farmer;  Sec.  30. 


F 


ALCON  CHAS.  farmer;  Sec.  18. 


Falconer  Robt.  farmer;  Sec.  5. 

Farmer  C.  M.  Sec.  3. 

Farrington  C.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  28. 

Ferguson  Isaiah,  farmer;  Sec.  15. 

Foot  Horace,  farmer ;  Sec.  13. 

Foot  O.  R.  farmer;  Sec.  9. 

Freeburg  Chas.  farmer ;  Sec.  30. 

Frisbee  W.  L.  farmer ;  Sec.  32. 

FUEIiER  MRS,  LUCY,  Farming; 
Sec.  19;  Widow  of  John  Fuller,  who  died 
in  Oct.,  1853 ;  came  from  Genesee  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  in  1839 ;  she  has  seven  children,  Lem- 
uel, Levi  B.,  Charles,  Nancy  (now  Mrs. 
Ingals),  John,  Eliza  Hartwell,  Ellen  L.; 
has  520  acres  land,  200  under  cultivation. 


G 


ARDNER  C.  farmer;  Sec.  6. 


Gardener  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  30. 

CrA€rE  A.  E.  Inventor,  Manufacturer, 
and  Dealer  in  Novelties ;  born  in  Wauke- 
gan,  HI.,  Aug.  15,  1845 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1866. 

Geer  Collin,  rents  farm ;  Sec?!  33. 

Gilmore  Henry,  rents  farm ;  Sec.  25. 

Glenney  Alex,  rents  farm;  Sec.  17. 

Gleuney  Thos.  farmer ;  Sec.  3. 

Gregory  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  6. 

Gunter  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  9. 


H 


ALSTED  J.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  11. 


HAEE  FR1E:ND  C.  Farmer;  Sec. 
19 ;  owns  808  acres  land,valued  at  $40,000 ; 
is  a  Tilden  Republican,  and  a  Free 
Mason;  born  in  Wallingsford,  Conn.,  July 
23,  1881 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  Sept.,  1857 ; 
married  Loly  B.  Matthews,  July  27,  1852; 
she  was  born  in  Conn.,  April  1,  1835;  four 
children :  F.  Leroy,  born  March  23,  1853; 
Chas.  R.,  Aug.  3,  1855 ;  Ella  J.,  March  26, 
1858;  Mila  A.,  Jan.  20,  1861. 

Hamilton  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  19. 

Harmon  Francis,  farmer;  Sec.  7. 


Ilerrick  E.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  36. 
Ilerrick  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  36. 
Hcrrick  L.  E.  farmer;  Sec.  8. 

IIIGEEY  MRH.  MARIA,  Farm- 
ing; Sec.  9;  owns  lOo  acres  land,  valued 
at  $8,000;  is  a  Methodist ;  widow  of  Geo. 
R.  i:igley;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1853;  Mr. 
H.  eufisled,  and  died  in  hospital  at  Vicks- 
burg.  in  1864,  aged  38  years;  they  were 
maiTied  Dec.  16, 1845 ;  five  children :  Orvis 
O.,  Orson  T.,  Artliur  W.,  Thurston  M.  and 
Theresa  (deceased);  Mrs.  Higleyis  daugh- 
ter of  Sitlney  Lowell,  deceased,  one  of 
Winnebago's  early  settlers;  her  mother  is 
still  living. 

HIZER  CHA8^.  W.  Farmer;  Sec.  21; 
born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  31,  1828; 
came  to  this  town  in  1871,  after  having 
lived  ten  years  in  Winnebago  Tp. ;  mar- 
ried Mary  E.  Starkweather,  Sept.,  1866; 
she  was  born  in  Jetierson  Co.,  N.  Y., 
March,  1843;  have  three  children  living; 
Willard,  born  Nov.  14,  1867 ;  Celia,  Oct. 
30,  1878 ;  Eucedia  H.,  Jan.  1, 1877 ;  owns 
valuable  farm  of  112  acres,  bordering  on 
Rock  river. 

Hollister  Rosw^ell,  farmer;  Sec.  1. 

Holmes  E.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  24. 

Holmes  F.  E.  farmer ;  Sec.  24. 

HOEMES  GEO.  H.  Farmer  and 
Proprietor  of  Hillgrove  Nursery;  Sec.  24; 
owns  140  acres  land,  valued  at  $16,000; 
born  in  this  Co.,  Feb.  23, 1844 ;  served  three 
months  in  67th  I.  V.  I.,  then  re-enlisted  in 
navy,  and  served  one  year  on  Western  riv- 
ers ;  Hollis  H.  Holmes,  his  father,  was  born 
in  N.  Y.,  about  1800 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1839,  with  his  family;  maiden  name  of 
wife  was  Sarah  Moore ;  married  in  1837 : 
had  three  children;  Geo.  H.,  born  Feb.  23, 
1844 ;  Edward  M.,  Sept.  14, 1847 ;  Frank  E., 
May  19,  1855;  Mr.  Holmes  died  Aug.  13, 
1859,  highly  respected  by  all;  he  held 
office  of  County  Treasuer  fro:n  1846  to 
1849.  Grenville  O.  Holmes  was  born  in 
South  Salem,  N.  Y^,  1803 ;  of  New  Eng- 
land ancestors ;  came  to  this  county  in  1840. 


I 


NGALSH.  farmer;  Sec.  4, 


Ingraham  Geo.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  5. 
Jacoby  L.  C.  attorney ;  Sec.  13. 
Jewell  Edwin  W.  farmer. 
Jewell  Riplej',  farmer. 
Jewell  Thos.  J.  farmer;  Sec.  10. 
Johns  Richard,  farmer ;  Sec.  2. 
Johns  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  2. 
Johnson  H.  I.  farmer ;  Sec.  8. 
Johnson  Jno.  farmer;  Sec.  30. 
Johnson  Jos.  farmer;  Sec.  80. 
Johnson  M.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  1. 

•J^ANADY  JAMES,  farmer;  Sec. 


17. 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTV    DIRECTORY 


Keene  Ralph,  farm  laborer. 
Keyes  Archibald,  farmer ;  Sec.  18. 

KILBUBX     MR!>$.     ADALINE, 

Farming;  Sec.  4;  owns  145  acres  land, 
valued  at  $10,000;  widow  of  3Iiltoa  Kil- 
burn,  who  died  Feb.  16,  1863,  aged  53;  he 
was  the  first  Judge  of  Probate  in  this 
county ;  was  appointed  by  the  Governor ; 
was  afterwards  elected  Justice  of  the 
Peace  and  served  two  years ;  was  Quarter- 
master in  Missouri  a  while  during  the  war 
of  the  rebellion;  they  were  married  in 
1835,  and  have  six  ciiildreu:  George  Mil- 
ton, James  Hervey,  Adda  E.,  Clara  A., 
Samuel  A.  and  Charles  P. 

Kilburn  J,  H.  farmer ;  Sec.  4. 

Kline  J.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  30. 

Knolan  Chas.  farmer ;  Sec.  30. 


L 


AKE  HARVEY,  farmer;  Sec.  10. 


JLAKli  JAIflES,  Farmer,  also  Manu- 
facturer and  Dealer  in  Lime ;  Sees.  1  and  2 ; 
owns  163  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $16,000; 
is  Republican  and  Christian  Union ;  was 
born  in  England  in  1815;  came  to  New 
Brunswick  in  1833 ;  and  to  this  county  in 
1855;  married  Sarah  Riecker  in  Feb., 
1837;  she  was  born  in  St.  Johns,  N.  B., 
1818;  they  have  six  children:  Henry, 
1837;  Elizabeth.  1840;  Sarah,  1846;  Eliza, 
1848 ;  James,  1850 ;  Robert  1853 ;  lost  one. 

liAlNGA  FBAlfK,  Farmer;  Sec.  7; 
owns  sixty  acres  land,  valued  at  $3,000; 
born  in  County  Mayo,  Ireland,  Jan.  29, 
1833;  came  to  America  in  1851;  lived  in 
Putnam  County  two  years,  Penn.  two 
years,  Minn,  a  year;  came  to  this  county 
in  1857 ;  married  Catherine  Comings,  Jan. 
10,  1858;  she  was  born  in  Ireland,  May, 
1833;  they  have  two  children:  John  F., 
born  March  1,  1860;  James,  July  36,  1874; 
lost  five  boys  and  three  girls:  Eddie, 
Frank,  Mary,  Annie  and  infant  daughter; 
Republican ;   Catholic. 

liEACH  SHEPHERD,  Farmer;  Sec. 
33;  owns  1000  acres  laud,  valued  at  $100- 
000;  is  a  Republican  and  member  Second 
Congregational  Church;  came  to  this 
county  in  June,  1839;  married  Phebe 
A.  Allen  in  1848;  she  was  born  June  35, 
1830,  in  Franklin  Co.,  Mass ;  they  have  four 
children:  Clara  Frances,  June  27,  1851; 
Elizabeth  Abba,Dec.ll,1854;  Harriet  Shep- 
herd, Nov.  18,  1857 ;  Emma  Allen,  Dec. 
19,  1863 ;  lost  one,  Ida  S,  Sep.  17, 1856. 

Ledduck  G.  gardener ;  Sec.  31. 

Lewis  Wm.  rents ;  Sec.  35. 

Livings  A.  fiirmer;  Sec.  38. 

Livings  B.  farmer;  Sec.  28. 

Livings  Thos.  G.  farmer ;  Sec.  38. 

liOXG  RICHARD,  Farmer;  Sec.  9; 
owns  380  acres  land,  valued  at  $14,000; 
born  in  Clement  County,  Ohio,  forty  miles 
from   Cincinnati,  May  5,  1834;   came  to 


Illinois,  May,  1835,  and  to  tliis  county 
in  1836;  his  brother,  John  B.,  came  to  this 
county  in  1835,  whose  daughter  was  the 
first  white  child  born  in  Winnebago 
county;  Richard  married  Emily  Woods, 
July  13,  1860;  she  was  born  in  this  county, 
Aug.  31,  1843;  they  have  six  children: 
Margaret  Ann.  born  Julv  3,  1861 ;  Mary 
Jane,  March  13,  1864;  Elizabeth  Emily, 
Nov.  25,  1866;  Richard  B.,  July  13,  1869; 
Charles  S.,  March  27,  1872;  John  E.,  Sept. 
10,  1874;  Democrat  and  member  M.  E. 
Church. 
Lovell  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  8. 

liUXDVAIili     CHARLES,    Brick 

Maker  and  Farmer;  Sec.  24;  residence 
East  End  Rural  St ;  owns  25  acres  land, 
valued  at  $4,000;  born  in  Sweden,  1850; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1867;  manufactured 
brick  six  years,  averaging  700  to  800 
thousand  per  annum;  maiden  name  of 
wife  Augusta  Swanson;  married  1873; 
she  was  born  in  Sweden  in  1853;  they 
have  two  children :  Huldah,  born  in  1873 ; 
Alice,  1875;  Republican  and  Lutheran. 


M 


cCOLLUCK  R.  farmer;  Sec.  5. 


McCAUGHEY      ^VIIiLIA.lI     C. 

Market  Gardener  and  Fruit  Raiser;  Sec. 
35 ;  owns  30  acres  land,  valued  at  $4,000 ; 
born  in  Ottawa,  La  Salle  Co.,  March  8, 
1838 ;  moved  to  Dodge  Co.,  Wis.,  in  1840 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1860 ;  during  first  year 
of  war  was  employed  as  drill  oflficer  at 
Rockford  and  vicinity;  enlisted,  August, 
1863,  in  74th  Regt.  I.  V.  I. ;  served  two 
j^ears;  was  engaged  in  battle  of  Perrys- 
ville  and  several  other  hard  fought  battles 
and  skirmishes;  exposures  of  camp  life 
produced  disease  of  the  lungs,  endanger- 
ing his  life;  lost  one  lung  entirely;  was 
discharged  for  disability,  and  is  now  a 
pensioner ;  has  held  office  of  Town  Collec- 
tor two  terms,  and  Deputj^  Sheriff  one;  is 
an  Ancient  Odd-Fellow;  Democrat;  Meth- 
odist; married  Mary  E.  Kettlewell,  April 
13,  1870 ;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  Dec. 
37,  1846 ;  have  one  child,  Hallie  Pauline, 
born  June  5,  1871. 

McDonald  David,  farmer ;  Sec.  34. 

McDonald  Jas.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  33. 

McDonald  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  3. 

McGraham  Jas.  farmer ;  Sec.  17. 

McIiEAX  EAUCHLIN,  Retired ; 
born  in  the  town  of  Caledonia,  Living- 
ston Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  7,  1817 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1859 ;  married  Miss  Hannah  Kelley ; 
she  was  born  in  Ireland;  they  were  mar- 
ried in  1846;  in  the  fall  of  1861  he  enlisted 
and  went  into  the  array  and  served  until 
the  close  of  the  war;  acted  as  Orderly  two 
years ;  he  served  six  mouths  in  the  8th  111. 
Cav.;  he  then  enlisted  in  the  65th  I.  V.  I., 
and  acted  as  Sergt.  two  years ;  the  balance 
of  the  time  was   in  the  medical  depart- 


ROCKFORD    TOWNSHIP. 


inent,  looking  after  the  sick  and  wounded ; 
has  one  son  and  four  daugliters,  Mary  J., 
Sarah,  Frances  M.,  Hannah,   and  Edward. 

Macke}' James,  tarmer;  Sec.  17. 

Maher  Jas.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  IG. 

MiUard  Merritt,  former;  Sec.  17. 

Milligan  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  30. 

IIINARD  EDWARD  W.  Farmer; 
Sec.  1 ;  horn  in  Vermont,  Feb.  18,  1836 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  March,  1857 ;  married 
twice;  liis  first  wife,  Mary  L.  Adams,  died 
in  1868,  leaving  four  children,  Lester, 
Ellis,  Burnside,  and  Mary;  second  wife 
was  Frances  McKinley,  married  in  1871, 
at  Rockford,  where  she  was  born ;  three 
children  by  this  marriage:  Nellie,  born  in 
1872;  Jessie,  1874;  Blanch,  1875;  owns 
200  acres  of  rich,  mostly  river  bottom,  land, 
valued  at  $16,000;  Republican;  Metho- 
dist; holds  office  of  School  Director. 

Minnick  A.  P.  patent  churn ;  Sec.  15. 

Minot  Wallard,  painter;  Sec.  35. 

Morey  Benj.  rents  farm;  Sec.  1. 

Morrisey  P.  farmer ;  Sec.  17. 

/^> CONNOR  PATRICK,  farmer;  Sec.  5. 

Odgers  Jos.  farmer;  Sec.  25. 

■pARK  JOSHUA,  farmer;  Sec.  1. 

Patterson  Alex,  farmer ;  Sec.  6. 
Patterson  Alex.,  Jr.,  farmer. 

PELLEY  MRS.  AMY,  Widow  of 
John  Pelley;  Farming;  Sees.  9  and  16; 
owns  140  acres,  valued  at  $9,000 ;  he  was 
born  in  England,  April  5,  1810;  came  to 
America  when  a  young  man ;  married  in 
November,  1832,  in  Canada;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1838 ;  lived  on  Deacon  Corey's  farm 
until  1848,  when  they  bought  the  farm 
now  occupied  by  the  widow;  they  have 
five  children:  Orrin,  born  in  1832;  Sarah, 
in  1839,  now  Mrs.  J.  Ryan ;  John  T.,  1846 ; 
Wm.  F.,  1850;  Mary  Emma,  1852,  now 
Mrs.  Albert  Wheat;  Mr.  Pelley  was  School 
Director  a  few  years;  both  members  of 
First  Baptist  Church. 

Pepper  C.  B.  farmer ;  Sec.  36. 

PIERPONT  MRS.  J.  G.  Farming; 
Sec.  20;  owns  237  acres  land,  valued  at 
$20,000;  is  widow  of  Guy  Pierpont;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1857;  Mrs.  P.  was  born 
April  6,  1820,  in  Connecticut;  has  three 
children:  Elenor  J.,  born  Feb.  1,  1849, 
now  Mrs.  St.  Johns;  Theron  G.,  April  21, 
1851;  Watson  T.,  Feb.  11,  1855;  all  mem- 
bers of  the  Congregational  Church. 

PORTER  JAMES,  Farmer;  Sec.  6; 
owns  145  acres  land,  valued  at  $10,000; 
born  in  Scotland,  April  24,  1817;  came  to 
this  Co.  June  12,  1843 ;  married  Barbara 
Kirton,  Sept.  30,  1843,  in  Chicago ;  she  was 
born  in  Scotland,  in  1817;  two  children: 


James,  born  July,  1855,  and  Margarette, 
Sept.,  1858;  she  married  John  McGee,  of 
Iowa;  Mr.  P.  is  a  Republican  and  a  Pres- 
byterian. 

Preston  Elbert,  farmer. 

Puddicombe  Jno.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  18. 


R 


AND  CHAS.  E.  farmer ;  Sec.  15. 


Rand  Chas.  L.  farmer. 
Rediugton  D.  B.  farm ;  Sec.  8. 
Redington  H.  P.  farmer;  Sec.  14. 
Redington  Jno.  rents  farm;  Sec.  31. 
Recker  J.  farmer;  Sec.  3. 
Rockwell  Jos.  farmer ;  Sec.  7. 
Rose  B.  A.  farmer ;  Sec.  28. 
Rose  E.  S.  farmer ;  Sec.  35. 
Rose  Wm.  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  35. 
Rowley  Jno.  D.  farmer ;  Sec.  14. 
Rudd  T.  J.  farmer;  Sec.  18. 

Q AFFORD  DARIUS,  farmer;  Sec.  7. 

SEARIiES  JOHN,  Farmer;  Sec.  15; 
owns  100  acres  land,  valued  at  $8,000; 
born  in  England,  Aug.  15,  1827 ;  came  to 
Canada  in  1848 ;  lived  in  Michigan  awhile ; 
was  in  Southern  States  one  winter;  finally 
settled  in  this  Co.  in  1850;  maiden  name 
of  wife  was  Maria  Wilcox;  bora  in  Eng- 
land, in  1829 ;  they  were  married  in  1852 ; 
have  no  children;  Mr.  S.  is  a  carpenter 
and  builder  by  trade. 

Searles  Walter,  Sec.  15. 

Shepherd  Reason,  farmer;  Sec.  8. 

Simmons  Wm.  G.  farmer;  Sec.  11. 

SIMPSOX  MRS.  RERECCA, 
Farming ;  Sec.  6 ;  widow  of  Peter  Simpson ; 
he  was  born  in  Scotland  in  1812;  came  to 
Canada  in  1823;  to  this  Co.  in  1828;  mar- 
ried twice;  first  wife  was  Henrietta  Curry, 
born  in  Scotland;  died  in  1850;  they  had 
seven  children;  two  living:  Robert  and 
Susan ;  Mrs.  Rebecca  Simpson  was  born 
Dec.  17, 1832,  and  has  two  children :  Charles 
K.,  born  Dec.  24, 1852 ;  Clara,  Aug.  7, 1855 ; 
Mr.  Simpson  was  in  the  army;  served  in 
Co.  C,  15th  I.  V.  I. 

SIMPSOX  ROBERT,  Farmer;  Sees. 
5  and  8;  born  in  Canada,  March  16,  1836; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1839;  married  twice; 
first  wife  was  Eliza  Davis;  died  in  Oct., 
1872;  second  wife  was  Catherine  Spotts- 
woocl;  married  Nov.  26,  1873;  she  was 
born  in  Canada,  March  17, 1848;  two  chil- 
dren :  Effie,  by  first  wife,  born  in  Oct.,  1869, 
and  Mary  Henrietta,  by  second  wife,  born 
March  25,  1877 ;  School  Director  several 
years;  Chrisiian  Union  Church;  Commis- 
sioner of  Highways;  served  in  74th  Regt. 
I.  V.  I. ;  with  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the 
Sea ;  discliarged  Aug.  10,  1865. 

SKEED  THOMAS,  Farmer;  Sec.  8; 
owns   160  acres   land,   valued  at  $15,000; 


^\^NNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIRECTORY: 


Republican;  has  held  offices  of  School 
Director  and  Path  Master;  was  born  in 
Truro  Tp.,  Nova  Scotia,  Nov.  27,  1807 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  Sept.  18, 1846;  notfitidiug 
location  of  laud  and  prices  satisfectory,  he 
went  to  Wisconsin,  where  he  stayed  a  year ; 
learning  that  the  land  reserved  in  this  Co. 
for  half-breed  Indians,  was  soon  to  be  on 
the  market,  he  returned  and  pre-empted 
the  land  he  now  occupies,  paying  only 
$1.25  per  acre ;  maiden  name  of  wife  was 
Elvira  Pennook;  married  Sept.  4,  1836; 
she  was  born  in  York,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  6, 1814; 
three  children:  Elizabeth  S.  (now  widow 
Crawley),  William  H.,  Judson  D. ;  William 
enlisted  in  the  tirst  company  that  went 
from  Rockford. 

Skinner  E.  H.  prop.  Highland  Nurseries. 

Sluyter  Jonathan,  farmer ;  Sec.  16. 

Smith  Gilford,  renter;  Sec.  10. 

SMITH  MKS.  liSABEIif^A,  Farm- 
ing ;  Sec.  17 ;  owns  245  acres,  value  $15,000 ; 
Member  Episcopal  Church ;  born  in  Eng- 
land in  1837 ;  married  Thomas  Smitli  in 
1848;  came  to  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  in  1852; 
he  died  in  Oct.,  1855;  she  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1857 ;  has  Ave  children :  Dorathy,  James 
C,  Mary,  Thomas  and  William. 

SMITH  PlilN,  Farmer ;  Sec.  20 ;  owns 
135  acres  land,  valued  at  $10,000;  born  in 
Vermont,  March  14, 1823;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1844;  married  Juliet  T.  Campbell,  April 

9,  1844;  she  was  born  in  Vermont,  Oct.  25, 
1825 ;  four  children :  Melvin  A.,  born  Nov. 
1,  1845;  Hattie  A.,  Oct.  21,  1850;  Geo.  E., 
Oct.  1,  1856;  Juliet  A.,  Aug.  27,  1866;  Hat- 
tie  is  married  to  M.  J.  Clark ;  Mr.  Smith 
is  a  Republican  and  Methodist. 

Smith  Melvin,  farmer;  Sec.  8. 

STEBBIKS  AUf&OKA,  Farming; 
Sec.  21 ;  owns  30  acres,  value  $3,000;  born 
Aug.  19,  1835,  in  La  Porte  Co.,  lud. ;  mar- 
ried Geo.  Stebbins,  Dec.  19,  1853;  four 
children:  Carry  J.,  born  Sept.  10,  1855, 
died  June  9,  1869;  Corie  L.,  Oct.  17,  1856; 
Charlie  C,  June  6,  1858;  Carlyle  E.,  Nov. 

10,  1862;  members  Methodist  Church. 
STEVENS     GE©K«E    C.     Fruit 

Farming;  Sec.  21;  owns  15}4  acres  land. 


value  $8,500;  born  in  Allegany  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Nov.  3,  1830;  came  to  Ihiis  Co.  in  1869; 
married  Harriet  Truesdell,  Dec.  9,  1839; 
she  was  born  in  Mich.,  May  18,  1843; 
three  children :  Fred  H.,  born  Sept.  30, 
1870 ;  Floy  L.,  Dec.  19, 1871 ;  Rena  M.,  Oct. 
10, 1876 ;  School  Director  six  years ;  sei'ved 
in  Co.  C,  22d  I.  V.  I. ;  Republican. 

STIIiES  KI€HARI>  S.  Farmer; 
Sec.  19;  owns  200  acres  land,  valued  at 
$16,000;  born  in  N.  H.,  Aug.  15,  1811; 
came  to  this  Co.  March  29,  1837;  married 
Sarah  Stilson,  Dec.  10,  1846;  she  was  born 
in  Lobo,  Canada,  in  1822;  five  children: 
John  A.,  born  Aug.  26,  1851 ;  Lucy  A., 
Aug.  19,  1853;  Richard  L.,  April  18,  1856; 
Luther  A.,  Aiig.  17,  1858;  Amos.  D.,  June 
17,  1861 ;  lost  two  daughters;  is  a  Repub- 
lican and  member  Cougregalional  Church. 

S^^AN  EJLIZA  li.  Farming;  Sec.  18; 
widow  of  Philander  Swan,  avIio  died  Feb. 
26,  1869,  aged  71  years ;  they  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1856 ;  no  children ;  Universalist. 


T 


HAYER  HERMAN,  farmer;  Sec.  7. 


THOMAS  AI.BERT  S.  Manufac- 
turer and  Dealer  in  Neatsfoot  Oil  and 
Bones  and  Fertilizers ;  Sec.  34 ;  born  in 
Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1834;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1876,  after  living  a  few  years  in  Ft. 
Atkinson,  Wis.;  married  Hatty  S.  Sears  in 
1859 ;  she  was  born  in  Waterloo,  N.  Y.,  in 
1835 ;  four  children :  Luther  S.,  Gertie  M., 
Mabel,  Nelson  A. 

Tillmew  Jno.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  35. 


w 


AGNER  FRANK,  Sec.  14. 


Walling  Jno.  laborer ;  Sec  10. 
Waxham  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  5. 
Weaver  Charles,  Sec.  35. 
Welty  Calvin,  Sec.  25. 
Williamson  Geo.  W.,  Sec.  17. 
Wing  L.  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  20. 
Woodruff  C.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  10. 
Woodruff  Jno.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  10. 


CHERRY   VALLEY   TOWNSHIP. 


589 


CHERRY  VALLEY  TOWNSHIR 


ADAMS  EDWARD,   Sk.,  Farmer;   Sec. 
16;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Adams  F.  renter;  S.  10;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Adams  Phillip,  laborer;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Adams  William,  painter;  Cherry  Valley. 
Ager  Luke,  farm ;  S.  27 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Akeely  JS; .  N.  carpenter ;  Cherry  Valle3^ 
Anderson  Frank. 
Andrus   Henry,  farmer;  Sec.  3; P.O.  Cherry 

Valley. 
Auey  I),  renter;  Sec.  10;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Aney  G.  renter;  Sec.  10;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

BAIRD    E.   G.   farmer;   Sec.   17;   P.   O. 
Cherry  Valley. 
Bander  L.  farm ;  Sec.  2 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Bangston  John,  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

BARXrM  ».  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O. 
Rockford;  was  born  in  Fairfield  Co., 
Conn.,  town  of  Danbury,  on  Feb.  12,  1816; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  June,  1888,  and  is  one 
of  the  oldest  settlers;  no  children;  wife 
was  Miss  Hattie,  daughter  of  Dr.  J.  C. 
Goodhue,  one  of  the  first  physicians  of 
Rockford ;  she  was  born  in  Chicago,  May 
1st,  1840;  married  Feb.  22,  1870;  has  168 
acres  valued  at  $8,150. 

Barton  B.  farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Baxter  John. 

BEAMER  AL.VA,  Farmer;  Sec.  26; 
P.  O.  Cherry  Valley ;  was  born  in  Stuben 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  7, 1830 ;  came  to  Belvidere 
with  his  parents  in  the  spring  of  1838 ; 
remained  in  Boone  Co.  19  years  and  then 
came  and  has  remained  here  ever  since ; 
has  82  acres  valued  at  $4,100;  married 
Miss  Clarinda  Doolittle ;  she  was  born  in 
this  Co.  Oct.  16,  1841 ;  they  were  married 
Jan.  22,  1868;  has  three  children,  Minnie 
L.,  Ettie  M.,  and  Herbert  E. 

Beckett  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  17 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

BEI.l,MYER  E.  T.  Physician  and 
Surgeon;  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in 
Union  Town,  Carroll  Co.,  Md.,  July  8, 
1831 ;  commenced  the  study  of  medicine 
under  Dr.  Leroy  Swormsted,  of  Westmin- 
ster, Md. ;  he  graduated  at  the  Physio- 
Medical  Institute,  of  Cincinnati,  in  1855 ; 
and  commenced  practice  in  Aug.  the  same 
year  in  this  Co. ;  he  married  Miss  Mary 
Mettler;  she  was  born  in  Eudfield, 
Thompkins  Co.,  N.Y.,  March  26, 1829 ;  she 
came  to  the  Co.  in  the  fall  of  1840 ;  they 
were  married  June  2,  1858. 

Beevins  James. 

Bennet  O.  farm ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Biggers  S.  M.  farm;  Sec.  6;  P.O.  Rockford. 

BOWER  A.€.Farmer  and  Stock  Dealer; 
Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley ;  was  born  in 

29 


Weitenburg,Germauy,Dec.5,1885 ;  leftthere 
when  past  17  years  of  age  and  (;ame  to  the 
U.  S.,  and  to  N.  J.,  and  located  near  New- 
ark ;  remained  there  8  years  and  then  came 
to  111.,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1858;  owns  420 
acres,  valued  at  $16,800;  he  married  Miss 
Sarah  Shetter ;  she  was  born  in  Yorktown, 
Pa.,  March  21,  1886;  they  were  married  in 
Sept.  1861 ;  have  three  children,  Lizzie, 
Eugene  and  Ophelia. 

Brady  J.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.O.New  Milford. 

Bradt  John,  broom-maker;  Cherry  Valley. 

Brown  A.  S.  farm;  S.  20;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

Brown  C.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Brown  Fletcher,  works  for  J.  Brown ;  Sec 
11;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Brown  F.  laborer;  S.  16;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

BROWEf  O.  'W.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  was 
born  m  this  Co.  March  6,  1888 ;  his  father, 
Jacob,  settled  in  this  Co.  in  Aug.,  1835, 
and  was  one  of  the  first  settlers ;  he  died 
in  June,  1868;  Mr.  B.  owns  400  acres, 
valued  at  $20,000;  he  married  Miss  Marie 
Gouchenour ;  she  was  born  in  Noble  Co., 
O.,  May  2,  1840;  they  were  married  June 
19,  1866;  has  two  sons  and  two  daughters; 
Clarence  born  May  11,  '67;  Florence  born 
Sept.  7,  '70;  Arthur  born  Jan.  15,  65;  baby 
not  named,  born  Aug.  27,  '77. 

BROWX  J«HX,  Fkrmer  and  Stock 
Dealer;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in 
Morgan  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  11,  1832;  came  to 
Winnebago  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1836, 
and  is  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  this 
Co.  now  living ;  he  owns  in  Winnebago 
and  Boone  counties  1,000  acres  land, 
valued  at  $60,000;  raises  350  acres  and 
upwards  of  broom  corn  annually;  owns 
172  acres  in  Buena  Vista  Co.,  la. ;  deals 
largely  in  cattle,  and  has  350  head  on  his 
western  farm  and  100  head  here  and  40 
head  horses,  and  has  the  largest  and  best 
arranged  barn  in  the  State ;  married  Miss 
H.  M.  Packard,  of  Mass.;  they  have  7 
children,  five  sons  and  two  daughters, 
Annie,  now  Mrs.  Raymond  Rowley,  John, 
Lina,  Richard,  Ellsworth,  Scott,  and  Major. 

BROW^T  MICHAEt,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  20;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley ; 
was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  9, 1830; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  Aug.  1836,  and  is  one 
of  the  first  settlers ;  has  134  acres,  valued 
at  $8,710;  he  married  Miss  Nancy  Frick; 
she  was  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  6, 
1831 ;  she  came  to  the  Co.  in  1840 ;  they 
were  married  March  6,  1853;  she  died 
July  31,  1875;  has  two  sons,  Albert  S.  and 
Chas.  W. 

Brown  R.  R,  farmer;  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 


540 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTOKT: 


BUCHAJf  MRS.  SrSAJflf AH  J. 

Farming;  Sec  6;  P.  O.  Rockford;  daugh- 
ter of  Harley  Stilson,  born  near  Hartford, 
Conn.,  Jan.  17,  1800;  he  came  this  Co.  and 
to  Rockford  in  April,  1844,  and  was  one 
of  the  oldest  settlers;  he  died  March  17, 
1874,  on  liis  farm  in  Rocktord  township; 
Retta  Burton,  Iier  mother,  was  born  Feb. 

13,  1803,  in  Sullivan  Co.,  N.  Y.;  she  died 
April  10,  187(5,  at  their  liome  in  Rockford 
towusliip ;  Mr.  S.  was  a  cari)enter  by  trade ; 
lie  helped  build  the  first  bridge  in  this  Co. 
across  Rock  River,  also  helped  build  the 
first  Court  House;  lie  left  a  family  of  two 
daughters  and  one  son  ;  Mrs.  Buchan,  born 
in  Broome  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  3d,  1825; 
Nathaniel  L.,  born  in  Broome  Co.,  N.  Y., 
March  19,  1832;  Lucy  L.,  now  Mrs.  Q.  H. 
F.  Burt,  born  in  Lanesborough,  Pa.,  June 

14,  1837;  he  lost  one  son,  Christopher;  lie 
died  at  his  father's  home,  Feb.  27,  1852, 
was  born  in  Broome  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  3, 
1834;  Mrs.  B.  has  177  acres,  valued  at 
$12,390. 

Buchan  W.  P.  farmer ;  Sec.  6 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Buck  P.  renter ;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Burk  Luke,  blacksmith ;  Cherry  Valley. 

CANNELL    R.  T.  hardware  merchant; 
Cherry  Valley. 
Carlson  Jolm,  shoemaker ;  Cherry  Valley. 

CARMICHAKJL  H.  IV.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  New  Milford; 
was  born  in  New  Milford  township,  this 
Co.  July  13,  1845 ;  his  father,  J.  P.,  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1838 ;  lie  married  Miss  Lyda 
Carpenter;  she  was  born  near  Oswego,  N. 
Y.,  March  6,  1851 ;  they  were  married 
Dec.  14,  1870;  have  one  son  and  one 
daughter,  Editli  M.  and  Leroy  C. ;  owns 
280  acres  valued  at  $14,000. 

Carr  George,  shoemaker;  Cherry  Valley. 

CASE  AMON,  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  was 
born  in  the  town  of  Hoosick,  Renssalaer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  8,  1816;  located  in  this  Co. 
in  June  1846 ;  owns  in  this  Co.  and  Boone 
about  2,500  acres,  valued  at  $75,000 ;  Mr. 
C.  is  one  of  the  most  extensive  farmers  in 
Northern  Ills. ;  he  married  Miss  Mary  J. 
Lamb;  she  was  born  in  Pittstown,  Ren- 
ssalaer Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  22, 1825 ;  they  were 
married  June  21,  1846 ;  have  two  sons  and 
one  daughter,  Chas.  C,  David  L.  and 
Sarah  E. 

Case  M.,  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

CASSIDY  MOSES,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley ; 
was  born  in  the  Co.  of  Donegal,  Ireland, 
in  1847 ;  left  there  and  came  to  the  U.  S. 
and  to  this  Co.  in  1862,  owns  200  acres 
valued  at  $10,000;  he  married  Miss  Sarah 
Graham ;  she  was  born  in  the  Co.  Antrim, 
Ireland,  June  4,  1853 ;  they  were  married 
Dec.20,1870;  have  four  children,  three  sons 
and  one  daughter;  Samuel,  born  Sept.  24, 


1867 ;  Henry,  born  Aug.  31, 1869 ;  Emogene, 

born  April  14,1873;  Wm.   H.,  born   Oct. 

29,  1876. 
Castelo  D.  farm;  Sec.  16;  P.O. New  Milford. 
Chamberlin    A.  A.  Justice   of   the  Peace; 

Cherry  ValleJ^ 
Chamberlin   D.   A.    livery,  and     insurance 

agent;  Chtirry  Valley. 
Chase  H.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  26;   P.  O.  Cherry 

Valley. 
Clark  E.  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 
Clark  J.  farm;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Clark  John,   farmer;   Sec.  34;   P.O.Cherry 

Valley. 
Clark  Joseph,  insurance  agt. ;  Cherry  Valley 
Clark  P.  renter;  S.  35;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley 
Cleveland  F.  L.  farm;  S.  27;  P.  0.  Rockford 

CI.EVEI.A]!»rD  CJEO.  C.  Farmer 
and  Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  27;  P.O. Rockford 
was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July 
27,  1818;  became  to  this  Co.  in  July,  1843 
owns  254  acres  valued  at  $15,240 ;  has  been 
married  twice;  married  Miss  Elvira  J. 
Clark ;  she  was  born  in  Manchester,  Ben- 
nington Co.,  Vt.,  Feb.  23,  1820 ;  they  were 
married  Jan.  18,  1843 ;  she  died  Oct.  25, 
1849;  he  married  again  to  Pamelia  Lewis; 
she  was  born  in  Orangeville,  Wyoming 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  7, 1823;  they  were  married 
Oct.  1,  1851 ;  has  one  son  by  first  marriage, 
tliree  sons  and  one  daughter  by  second ; 
Geo.  C,  Jr.,  Frank  L.,  Edward  W.,  Willis 
P.,  and  Carrie  E. ;  was  School  Treasurer  14 
years ;  Assessor  3  years,  and  Commissioner 
of  Highways  about  5  years. 

Cling  Wm.  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Colwell  Benj.  pedler;  Cherry  Valley. 

Compton  H.  broom-maker ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Compton  J.  H.  dealer  in  agricultural  imple- 
ments; Rockford. 

COHfKEI]Sr  GEO.  Carriage  Making 
and  Painting;  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in 
Tioga  Co.  N.  Y. ;  lie  came  to  this  Co.  in 
Sept.  1825;  he  married  Miss  Amanda 
Shelton;  she  was  born  in  Guilford,  N.  Y., 
Dec.  12,  1835 ;  they  were  married  Sept.  24, 
1854 ;  have  seven  children,  Isabel,  Emma 
H.,Mary  K.,  Geo.  F.,  Chas.  E.,  Maynard  W., 
and  Asa  F. 

COJfKEIW  JAMES,  Farmer;  Sec. 
34;  P.  O.  New  Milford;  was  born  in 
Washington  Co.,  N,  Y.,  June  14,  1823; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  Oct.  1860;  owns  95 
acres  valued  at  $4,750;  he  married  Miss 
Teressa  Martin ;  she  was  born  in  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  14,  1826;  they  were  mar- 
ried in  Feb.  1845 ;  have  two  sons  and  eight 
daughters  living;  lost  two  sons  and  two 
daughters,  Helen,  Emma,  Laura,  Melva, 
Cora,  Kate,  Lulu,  Capitola,  Martha  and 
Clara;  Fred,  Oscar,  George  and  John 
deceased. 

Conklin  J.  wagon-maker;  Cherry  Valley. 


CHERRY    VAIXEY    TOWNSHIP. 


541 


Craig  G.  A.   R.  R.  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Craig  Wm.  station  agent;  Cherry  Valley. 
Cramer  Geo.  broom-maker ;    Cherry  Valley. 
Crandall  W.  H.  carpenter;  Cherry  Vallej\ 
Crawford  A.  J.  farm;  Sec.  5;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Crisp  Wm.  insurance  agent;  Cherry  Valley. 
Crosby  Sidney,  carpenter;  Cherry  Valley. 
Cross  H.  E.  Baptist  minister;  Cherry  Valley. 


D 


ALE  A.  A.  painter ;  Cherry  Valley. 


l>A]XXEXBERO    CHAIS.    A. 

Farmer ;  Sec.  18 ;  P.  O .  Rockford  ;  was 
born  in  Germany,  Aug.  8,  1828;  came  to 
the  U.  S.  in  1854,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ; 
he  married  Miss  Daugherty  Chear;  she 
was  boru  in  Germany,  Oct.  34,  1828;  they 
were  married,  June  24,  1854 ;  she  died  July 
16,  1874;  has  three  sons  and  one  daughter, 
Chas.  F.,  Frances  A.,  Albert  and  Wm.  H. ; 
owns  98  acres  valued  at  $4,900. 
Davis  G.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

DAWSON     MRS.    €ORNKI.lA, 

Farming;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley; 
widow  of  Robert  Dawson  :  he  was  born  in 
Toronto,  Canada,  Nov.  17,  1819 ;  he  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1846;  Mrs.  D's  maiden  name 
was  Dewitt ;  she  was  born  in  Herkimer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  16,  1821 ;  they  were  mar-, 
ried  May  1,  1843,  in  Twinsburg,  0.;he 
died  Aug.  2,  1856 ;  left  a  family  of  one  son 
and  one  daughter,  Trocelia  M.,  now  Mrs. 
Calvin  Welty,  living  in  Rockford;  James, 
who  was  killed  in  the  late  rebellion  on  the 
gunboat  Hastings;  she  was  married  again 
to  Saml.  Kyes,  Dec.  13,  1859;  he  was  born 
in  Avon,  O.,  June  14, 1833 ;  she  has  100  acres 
valued  at  $7,000. 

Dean  J.  J.  farm ;  Sec.  34;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Dean  T.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

DeGrafF  A.  F.  carpenter;  Cherry  Valley. 

Dewan  James,  salesman ;  Cherry  Valley. 

DOI.A1V  ilIICHAEI.,  Farmer;  Sec. 
21 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in  the 
Co.  Galway,  Ireland,  in  1827 ;  came  to  the 
U.  S.  and  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  owns  200 
acres  valued  at  .f  10,000;  he  married  Miss 
Mary  Dowd ;  she  w^as  born  in  the  same 
place  in  1822 ;  they  were  married  in  1847 ; 
have  three  sons  and  four  daughters,Patrick, 
Thomas,  James,  Bi-idget,  Annie,  Mary  E., 
and  Aveline. 

Dolan  Pat.  renter;  S.  33;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Dolin  M.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

DOTY  li.  W.  Proprietor  Valley  House ; 
Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in  Tioga  Co.,  O., 
Aug.  9,  1825 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857 ; 
have  seven  children,  R.  B.,  Chas.  E.,  Bertha, 
Hattie,  Lewis,  Oscar,  and  Jessie ;  wife  was 
Miss  Emeline  Blakley;  she  was  born  in 
Ashtabula  Co.,  O. ;  served  3  years  in  the 
late  rebellion ;  was  1st  Lieutenant  of  Co. 
G,  46th  Regiment  of  Wis.  Vol. 


DlJHfWEl.1.  €.  A.  Attorney  at  law; 
Cherry  Valley ;  was  born  in  the  town  of 
Arcadia,  Wayne  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  1,  1824; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  the  spring  of  1850;  was 
Justice  of  the  Peace  12  years ;  Associate 
Ju.stice  of  the  Co.  4  years;  and  Supervisor 
4  years ;  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Pike  of 
Maine ;  they  have  one  sou  and  one  daugh- 
ter, Augustus  and  Lizzie  May. 

ENRIGHT  JOHN,  laborer;   Cherry  Val- 
ley. 

ERFFMEYER  HEXRY,  Farmer; 
Sec.  16 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  was  born  in  Ger- 
many, Nov.  12,  1821 ;  came  to  the  U.  S. 
and  to  N.  Y.,  in  Oct.  1845,  and  to  this  Co. 
in  May  1855;  owns  100  acres  valued  at 
|4,000;  he  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Gos- 
myer ;  she  was  born  in  Germany,  Oct.  30, 
1828;  tliey  were  married  Nov.  24,  1849; 
she  died  Jan.  17,  1863 ;  have  four  children 
living,  lost  one ;  Caroline,  Henry.Charlotte, 
Chas.,  and  Wm.  (deceased.) 

EVAN'S  DAVID  W.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  35;  P.O.Cherry  Valley; 
was  born  in  the  town  of  Granville, 
Canada,  Nov.  30,  1840;  came  to  this  Co. 
July  1,  1856;  owns  170  acres  valued  at 
$8,500;  he  married  Miss  Emma  J.  Conk- 
lin;she  was  born  in  the  town  Western, 
Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  29,  1849 ;  they 
were  married  April  27,  1866;  have  four 
children  living,  lost  one;  Jesse  R.,  J. 
Leroy  (deceased),  Olive  G.,  Nettie  M.,  and 
baby  not  yet  named ;  he  served  nearly  4 
years  in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  L,  8th  I.  V.  C. 

EVAlfS^J.  C.  Farmer  and  Stock  Raiser; 
Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford;  was  born  in 
Canada,  March  1,  1835 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  Dec.  I860;  has  180  acres  valued  at 
•f  7,200 ;  he  married  M'ss  Alice  W.  Win- 
lield;  she  was  born  in  Montreal,  Canada; 
they  were  married  March  19,  1863;  have 
two  sons  and  one  daughter,  Lillie  M., 
Percival  G.,  and  Eddie  I. 

FAGLEBERG  PETER,  laborer;   Cherry 
Valley. 

Fallon  J.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Fallon  P.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

Fancher  G.  W.  farmer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Farley  James,  retired  farmer;  Cherry  Valley. 

FISHER  JOHK",  Miller;  Cherry  Val- 
ley; was  born  April  8,  1819;  came  to  this 
State  in  1849;  to  this  county  in  1865; 
married  Sallie  Mason,  wlio  was  born, Dec. 
1819,  at  the  same  place  in  Penn.  as  her 
husband ;  they  have  thirteen  children. 

Fisher  Solomon. 

FITCH  VAIiEXTIXE,  Farmer; 
Sec.  9 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  was  born  in  Ger- 
many in  1823 ;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1855, 
and  has  been  in  this  Co.  22  years ;  owns 
50  acres  valued  at  $2,500;  he  married 
Lina  Tripp ;  she  was  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  they  were  married  in  1850 ;  have  nine 


542 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIKECTORY: 


children,Frank,Ida,  Emma,  John,  Charles, 
Heniy,  William,  Rachael  aud  Benj. 

Flyn  J.  K.  harness-maker;  Cherry  Valley. 

Flynn  Thos.  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Fossitt  Frank,  farmer;  Cherry  Valley. 

FOWLER  GEO.  Farmer;  Sec.  2,  P. 
O.  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in  Westfield, 
Mass.,  May  11,  lb25;  located  in  this  Cn,  in 
the  fall  of  1840,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest 
settlers;  owns  90  acres  valued  at  $4,500; 
married  Mrs.  Elizabeth  E.  Patten,  widow 
of  Samuel ;  she  was  born  in  the  town  of 
Homer,  Cayuga  Co..  N.  Y.,  July  27,  1830; 
they  were  married  Feb.  15,  1855 ;  they  have 
six  children,  two  sous  and  four  daughters, 
Emma,  George,  Estella,  Edgar,  Annie  and 
Ida ;  Mrs.  F.  has  two  sons  by  former  mar- 
riage, Berdett  E.  and  Frank;  Mr.F.has  320 
acres  in  Pottawattomie  Co.,  Kansas. 

Frich  B.  M.  farm;  S.  16;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

GARRETT  W.  D.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O. 
New  Milford. 
Gibbus  Barney,  farmer;  Cherry  Valley. 
Gibbus  John,  Town  Clerk ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Goble  H.  farm ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Goble  Wm.  laborer;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Gouchenour  J.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Cherry 

Valley. 
Govern  J.  farm ;  S.  33 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Govern  J.  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Cherry 

Valley. 

GOVE  RUT  PATRICK,  Farmer; 
Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in 
Ireland  in  1823 ;  left  there  and  came  to  the 
U.  S.  in  1853,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1857; 
owns  320  acres  valued  at  $16,000;  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Mary  Turley;  she  was  born  in 
Ireland  in  1825;  they  were  married  in 
1851;  have  three  sons  and  two  daughters, 
John,  Michael,  Peter,   Mary  and  Julia  A. 

Gunsolus  Chauncey,  farmer ;  Sec.  17 ;  P.  O. 
New  Milford. 

GUNSOLUS    MRS.  SOPHIA, 

Farming;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  New  Milford; 
widow  of  James  S. ;  he  was  born  in 
Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  17, 1810 ;  he  came 
to  this  Co.  and  settled  on  the  place  where 
they  now  live  in  the  spring  of  1835,  and 
was  the  first  settler  in  Cherry  Valley 
township ;  he  died  July  17, 1872 ;  Mrs.  G's 
maiden  name  was  Babcock;  she  was  born 
in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  12, 1816 ;  they  were 
married  June  19,  1834;  he  left  an  estate  of 
145  acres  valued  at  |7,250;  he  served  all 
through  the  Black  Hawk  War,  and  was 
Justice  of  the  Peace  in  this  town  11  years; 
left  family  six  sons  and  three  daughters, 
Caroline,  Jeanette,  Isaiah,  Chauncey, 
John  T.,  James  H.,  Sarah  L.,  Andes, 
and  Alson  (deceased);  Alson  was  killed 
at  the  Camee  Agency  while  fighting 
the  Indians;  he  belonged  to  Howard 
Command,  Co.  I  21st  Infantry. 


HALEY  JOHN,  warehouse  man;  Cherry 
Valley. 
Hammond  Richard,  farmer;   Sec.  26;  P.O. 

Cherry  Valley. 
Haselo  F.  farm ;  Sec.  9 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Hawks  E.  R.  pedler ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Henderson  Chas.  H.   renter;   Sec.  22;   P.  O. 

Cherry  Valley. 
Henderson  J.  H.  farm ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Hendrickson   G.   S.  farmer;   Sec.   9;  P.  O. 

Cherry  Valley. 
Henry  Geo.,  Sr.  blacksmith ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Henry  Geo.  blacksmith ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Herrick  Ed.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.O.  Rockford. 

RESTED  JAMES,  Farmer;  Sec.  27; 
P.  O.  New  Milford;  was  born  in  Kent, 
England,  Oct.  9,  1825 ;  came  to  the  U.  S. 
witli  his  parents  when  five  years  of  age ; 
came  to  this  Co.  22  years  ago  and  has 
remained  here  ever  since ;  owns  160  acres 
valued  at  $8,000;  he  married  Miss  Mary 
J.  Baltozer;  she  was  born  in  Penn.  in 
May,  1835 ;  they  were  married  in  Januar}^, 
1861 ;  have  four  children,  William  E., 
Minnie  E.,  Harriet  B.,  and  Eddie  J. 

Holdridge  Frank,  farm ;  S.  7 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Holmes  Chas.  renter;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

HORTON  LEVI  D.  Farmer;  Sec. 
28;  P.O.  New  Milford;  was  born  in 
Tompkins  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  22,  1811; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  July,  1844;  owns  160 
acres  valued  at  $8,000;  he  married  Miss 
Susan  Polhamus ;  she  was  born  in  Orange 
Co..  N.  Y.,  Feb.  18,  1813;  they  were  mar- 
ried July  12,  1834;  have  five  children,  one 
son  and  four  daughters,  Annie  R.,  Ruth 
A.,  Phoebe  J.,  George,  Clara,  Eva  If. 

Houge  Martin,  broom-maker ;  Cherry  Valley. 

HOVEY  R.  R.  Merchant;  Cherry  Val- 
ley; born  in  Washington  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  16, 
1825 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  April,  1856 ;  have 
family  eight  daughters  and  one  son, 
Edwin  H.,  Mary  F.,  Minnie  F.,  Josephine 
L.,  Esther  C,  Nellie  H.,  Clara  S.  and  Nina 
B.;  wife  was  Miss  Elizabeth  Farley;  she 
was  bora  in  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  April  1, 1832; 
they  were  married  Dec.  25,  1850;  is  Notary 
Public,  and  was  Overseer  of  the  Poor 
about  4  years. 

Howdershell  Jacob,  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. 
Cherry  Valley. 

Howdershell  Jesse,  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. 
Cherry  Valley. 

Howe  E.  W.  farmer;  Cherry  Valley. 

Howe  Wilson,  speculator;  Cherry  Valley. 

HUSSEY  D.  J.  Physician  and  Sur- 
geon; Cherry  Valley. 

HYIiA:SrD  EDWARD,  Farmer; 
Sec.  23 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley ;  was  born  in 
Ireland  16,  1827 ;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  June 
1853,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  owns  123^ 
acres  valued  at  $6,150;  he  married  Mis? 


CHERRY   VALLEY   T0WN8HI1'. 


643 


Rosa  Burns ;  she  was  born  in  Ireland  in 
1837;  they  were  married  Jan.  23,  1858; 
have  three  sons  and  three  daughters, 
Edward,  Arthur,  Mary  A.,  Kate,  Rosa  and 
Cluirles. 

Hykmd  J.  renter;  S.  11 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Hyland  T.  renter;  S.  11;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

IRELAND  JAMES,  renter;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O. 
Cherry  Valley. 
Ireland  T  renter;  Sec. 11 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

T  O  H  N  S  O  N  ANDREW,  shoemaker ; 
U    Cherry  Valley. 

Johnson  A.  farm;  S.  9;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Johnson  J.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Jones  C.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

JOXES  JOH:^  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  17; 
P.  O.  Rockford ;  was  born  in  Glossenburg, 
Conn.,  June  12,  1818;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  Dec.  ~  1866 ;  has  84  acres  valued 
at  $5,880;  he  married  Miss  Roxanna  Bar- 
ber ;  she  was  born  in  the  town  of  Mary- 
land, Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  17,  1815; 
they  were  married  in  Sept.  1832;  have  five 
children,  two  sons  and  three  daughters, 
Ruth  C,  Mary,  Chas.  A.,  Joseph  H.,  and 
Eunice. 

KANE  THOMAS,  laborer;  Cherry  Val- 
ley. 
Keep  C.  A.  stone  mason;  Cherry  Valley. 

KEITH  ^WESI^E  Y,  Merchant ; 
Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in  Flora  town- 
ship, Boone  Co.,  111.,  Jan.  23,  1856;  has 
been  in  the  mercantile  business  here  for 
two  years ;  not  married ;  owns  160  acres  on 
Sec.  20,  Flora  township,  Boone  Co.,  valued 
at  $12,000. 

Kennedy  T.  farm;  S.  17;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Kelner  Amos,  painter;  Cherry  Valley. 

Kettle  A.  rents;  Sec.  11 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

KlirO  OSCAR,  Druggist;  Cheriy 
Valley;  was  born  in  Broome  Co.  N.  Y., 
March  9,  1832 ;  came  to  the  Co.  in  1854 ; 
have  two  children,  Arthur  H.,  and  Lizzie 
B. ;  wife  was  Miss  Annie  E.  Swits;  she 
born  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  March  2, 1852 ; 
they  were  married  Oct.  22, 1873 ;  he  served 
about  seven  months  in  the  late  rebellion 
in  Co.  C,  15th  I.  V.  I. 

Knighton  John,  farm ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Knop  H.  farm ;  Sec.  13 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Koho  Wm.  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Kyes  S.  farm ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 


L 


ACE  T.  C.  renter;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  New 
Milford. 

Lamb  C.  C.  shoemaker ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Lance  John,  shoemaker;  Cherry  Valley. 
Landers  Wm.  harness-maker ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Lawrence  Henry,  farmer ;  Cherry  Valley. 


Lawrence  M.  J.  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

L.EE  T.  M.  Lumber  dealer;  Cherry 
Valley;  was  born  in  Flora  township, 
Boone  Co.,  111.,  Sept.  6,  1844;  has  lived  in 
Cherry  Valley  6  years;  he  married  Mrs. 
Susan  Howe,  widow  of  M.  M.  Howe;  she 
was  born  in  Warsaw,  Wyoming  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Aug.  22,  1845;  they  were  married  Nov. 
27,  1875;  no  family;  Mrs.  L.  has  one  son 
and  one  daughter  bv  her  former  marriage, 
Fannie  M.,"  and  Frank  W. ;  Mr.  L.  is 
Township  Treasurer. 

Leggett  A.  P.  broom  manf. ;  ClierryValley. 

Livingston  Thos.  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Lowery  Elias,  blacksmith;  Cherry  Valley. 

Lyons  Peter,  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 

MoGINLEY  CHARLES,  laborer;  Cherry 
Valley. 
McKee  John,  merchant ;  Cherry  Valley. 

McKEE  J.  I¥.  Merchant;  Cherry  Val- 
ley; was  born  in  Blair  Co.,  Penn.,  Feb.  9, 
1837 ;  he  came  to  Flora  township,  Boone 
Co.,  111.,  in  1846;  he  came  to  Cherry  Val- 
ley in  1861,  and  two  years  later  started 
business,  dealing  in  dry  goods,  groceries, 
hats,  caps,  etc.,  of  which  he  now  keeps  a 
full  assortment ;  he  married  Miss  Louise, 
daughter  of  Rufus  C.  Potter;  she  was  born 
in  Lapeer  Co.,  Mich.,  May  20,  1845;  they 
were  married  Dec.  20,  1865;  have  two 
children,  Frank,  born  Nov.  4, 1866;  Mabel, 
born  Feb.  3,  1874. 

McKee  Thos.  carpenter;  Cherry  Valley. 

McMAlf  PETER,  Farmer ;  Sec.  25 ; 
P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in  the  Co. 
of  Armaugh,  Ireland,  in  1817;  left  there 
when  16  years  of  age  and  went  to  Orange 
Co.,  N,  Y. ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  the  fall  of 
1854 ;  has  80  acres,  valued  at  $4,000 ;  he 
married  Miss  Anne  Welch;  she  Avas  born 
in  the  Co.  Longford,  Ireland ;  they  were 
mari'i^ed  April  26,  1860 ;  have  one  daugh- 
ter, Rosanna ;  she  was  born  Dec.  4,  1863. 

MACKEY  C.  H.  Proprietor  Meat 
Market;  Cherry  Valley;  was  born  in 
Washington  Co.,  O.,  Nov.  17,  1848 ;  came 
to  the  Co.  in  1864;  he  married  Miss  Laura 
Griswold;  she  was  born  in  Madison  Co., 
N.  Y.,  March  20,  1853 ;  they  were  married 
March  20,  1871 ;  they  have  one  daughter, 
Elvira  M. ;  she  was  born  June  23,  1877. 

MAC  KEY  HUGH,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Dealer;  Sec.  1;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley; 
was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Penn.,  May 
1,  1822;  located  in  this  Co.  Sept.  7,  1865; 
owns  in  Winnebago  and  Boone  counties 
940  acres  valued  at  $65,800 ;  he  raises  350 
acres,  and  upwards,  of  broom  corn,  annu- 
ally; deals  largely  in  cattle,  and  has  some 
very  fine  Durham  stock;  he  married 
Miss  Eliza  L.  Adams,  from  Delaware; 
she  was  born  July  1,  1822;  they  were  mar- 
ried July  8,  1845;  was  Supervisor  two 
terms,  and  School  Director   nine  years; 


544 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIREOTOEY : 


they  liave  five  children,  one  son  and  four 

daughters,  Mary  E.,  now  Mrs.   Dr.  D.  J. 

Hussey;  Sarah  L.,   now   Mrs.  Charles  E. 

Fuller;    Florence,   now  Mrs.   George  W. 

Priest;  Emma  J.  and  William  Wallace. 
Mackey  J.  B.  farmer;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Madigen  T.  farm;  S.  2;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Malvern  M.  farm ;  S.  23 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Medin  John,  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 

MEiSICK  D.  P.  Farmer;  Sec. 6;  P.  O. 
Rockford ;  born  in  Athens,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  2, 
1824;  came  to  this  Co.  Dec.  16,  1854;  has 
9S  acres,  valued  at  $4,900;  no  children: 
wife  was  Miss  Susan  Crane;  she  was  born 
in  Clinton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  25,  1829;  they 
married  Oct.  5,  1861 ;  Mr.  M.  has  followed 
the  Carpenter  and  Joiner  business  trom 
the  time  he  was  17  years  old  till  1871,  and 
then  moved  on  his  farm  where  he  now  lives. 

Miller  Jno.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Mulford  Edw.  grain  buyer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Mulford  J.  farm:  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Murphy  D.  rents  farm;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley. 


N 
O 


OWLES  C.  H.  physician ;  Cherry  Val- 
ley. 

ILLHERVEY,  farmer;  Sec.   8;    P.O. 
Rockford. 

Ollili  W.  H.  Farmer  and  Stock  Rais- 
er; Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford;  was  born  in 
Canada,  Aug.  2,  1820;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
May,  1855 ;  owns  160  acres,  valued  at  $10,- 
400;  he  married  Miss  Hester  A.  Snure; 
she  was  born  in  Canada;  no  children, 
has  five  adopted  children,  Hervey  H. 
Hulbert,  has  taken  the  name  of  Oill ;  Wm. 
and  Adalaide  Beckett,  Harriet  A.  and  Chas. 
Gipple. 

PACKARD   GEORGE,  farmer;    Sec.   9; 
P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

PACKARD  CHAS.  Farmer:  Sec. 
9;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Hamp- 
shire Co.,  Mass.,  Sept.  7,  1816;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1842;  married  Mary  J.  Fowler; 
she  was  born  in  Hatfield,  Mass.,  Feb.  23, 
1826;  she  came  to  this  Co.  in  Sept.,  1839; 
they  were  married  Aug.  27,  1843 ;  have 
four  children,  George  F.,  Wm.  H.,  James 
A.,  Addie  L. ;  lost  three,  Chas.  E.,  Harriet 
J.,  Lewis  S. ;  owns  82  acres,  valued  at 
$3,280. 

Parker  J.  F.  speculator ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Patten  R.  C.  merchant ;  Cherry  Valley. 

PEACOCK  THOMAS,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Cherry  Val- 
ley; born  in  Lincolnshire,  England,  Sept. 
17,  1835 ;  left  there  and  came  to  the  U.  S. 
and  to  this  Co.  in  1862;  he  works  308 
acres;  has  a  fine  herd  of  Hereford  cattle, 
all  of  which  took  the  premium  at  the  Co. 
Fair  last  fall;  married  Miss  Jeanette 
Brunton,  Feb.  22,  1855 ;  she  was  born  in 


Scotland,  Jan.  8,  1839;  have  nine  chi  Idren 
eight  sons  and  one  daughter. 

Pearson  J.  D.  farmer;  Cherry  Valley. 

Pearson  J.  J.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Pearson  J.  J.  broom  manufacturer;  Cherry 
Valley. 

Peck  Thos.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Pell  G.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  ISTew  Milford 

Pell  T.,  Sr.,  tarm ;  S.  21 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford 

Pell  T.,  Jr.  farm ;  S.  21 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford 

Perry  C.  farm ;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley 

PERRY  DAVID,  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  11;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley 
born  in  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  6,  1825 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  Sept.,  1851 ;  owns  280 
acres,  valued  at  $14,000;  married  Miss 
(Jharity  Vanalstine ;  she  was  born  in  Mont- 
gomery Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  Jan.,  1832;  married 
in  Feb.,  1854 ;  have  two  children,  one  son 
and  one  daughter,  Clark  and  Ella  F. ;  is 
Commissioner  of  Highways. 

Perry  O.  farm;  Sec.  10;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Peterson  A.  farm;  S.  3;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Peterson  F.  laborer ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Priest  Chas.  works  for  J.  Brown ;  Sec.  12 ; 
P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Pritchard  M.  S.  carpenter ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Pritchard  Myron,  carpenter;  Cherry  Valley. 

RADIGAN     JOHN,    laborer;     Cherry 
Valley. 
Reid  C.  H.  painter ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Reid  J.  H.  constable   and  assessor;   Cherry 

Valley. 
Reid  James,  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 
Reid  Robt.,  Sr.,  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Reme  Jerry,  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Riddle  Eugene,  grain  buyer ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Riddier  W.  O.  mason ;  Cherry  Valley. 

RI VEXBUROH     HIRAM     B. 

Restaurant ;  Cherry  Valley ;  born  in  Onei- 
da Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  25,  1845;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1864;  married  Miss  Addie  S.  Mer- 
rill, of  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  born  in  August, 
1850;  married  in  August,  1864;  have  four 
children,  Eva,  Irving,  Edward  and  Faye. 

Robbius  Henry,  laborer ;  Cherrj'  Valley. 

Robinson  C.  W.  cattle  buj'er;  Cherry  Valley. 

ROWI^EY  AAROX,  Farmer;  Sec. 
7 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Ontario  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Sept.  7,  1839 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1850 ;  has  77  acres,  valued  at  $4,235 ;  mar- 
ried Miss  Elizabeth  Thompson ;  she  was 
born  in  Kalamazoo  Co.,  Mich.,  May  15, 
1849;  married  Oct.  17,  1867;  have  two 
sons  and  one  daughter,  Bertie,  James  and 
Ella  May. 

Rowley  W.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Ryerson  Geo.  laborer ;  Cheny  Valley. 

Ryther  Dan.  harness-maker ;  Cherry  Valley. 


CHERRY    VALLEY   TOWNSHIP. 


545 


Ryley  Mich,  section  boss;  Cherry  Valley. 

SAYLER  J.   N.   farmer;   Sec.  Ifl;    P.O. 
New  MiUbrd. 

SA:SfBOR]^^  B.  S.  Grain  Buyer;  Cherry 
Valley;  born  iu  Canada,  Jan.  23,  1846; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  Sept.,  1865;  is  Super- 
visor; has  four  daughters,  Jennie  M.,  Liz- 
zie D.,  Lillie  E.,aud  Grace;  \vifewa3  Miss 
Anna  ]SIahaffey,  born  in  Richmond  Co., 
Canada,  June  20,  1845;  married  March 
9.  1867. 

SAYRE  J  AS.  P.  Harness-Making; 
Cherry  Valley ;  born  in  Morris  Co.,  N.  J., 
June  80,  1813;  left  New  York  city  Dec.  13, 
183() ;  arrived  in  Chicago  Dec.  23d,  and  to 
this  Co.  Jan.  1,  1837;  is  one  of  the  oldest 
settlers,  and  helped  raise  the  first  crop 
that  was  raised  on  Big  Bottoms,  on  Rock 
river;  raised  the  first  crop  of  broom  corn 
and  made  the  first  broom  ever  made  in 
Northern  Illinois,  in  1837 ;  has  been  fol- 
lowins  his  trade  for  the  past  35  years;  has 
one  daughter,  Mary  A.,  now  Mrs.  Dale ; 
wife  was  Eunice  C.  Holden ;  she  was  born 
in  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  May  25,  1817 ;  married 
May  13,  1849;  has  been  Collector  two 
terms,  and  Constable  two;  has  lost  one 
daughter,  Clara,  aged  6  years;  two  chil- 
dren, Helen  M.,  born  March  26,1852 ;  Clara 
E.,  Sept  26,  1854. 

Schommaker  Rev.A.H.  Methodist  Minister; 
Cherry  Valley. 

Shean  S.  farm;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Sheehy  Edw.  laborer;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Shipe  A.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Shipe  B.  F.  renter;  Sec.  17;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Shirley  C.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Shirley  S.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Slater  W.  J.  merchant;  Cherry  Valley. 

Slater  Wm.  merchant;  Cherry  Valley. 

SI.ATER  ^VM.  &  SON,  Dealers  in 
Groceries,  Crockery,  Hats,  Caps,  Boots 
and  Shoes,  and  Notions;  Cherry  Valley; 
Wm.  Slater  is  a  native  of  England;  he 
came  to  the  U.  S.  and  located  in  Rockford 
in  1852 ;  they  have  carried  on  the  above 
mentioned  business  in  Cherry  Valley  since 
1872. 

Smith  J.  C.  wagon-maker ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Snider  Daniel,  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 

Staff  C.  A.  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 

Staff  N.  P.  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 

Stackey  H.  M.  farm ;  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Stigraan  C.  farmer;  Sec. 4;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Straw  John,  livery;  Cherry  Valley. 

STRINGER  liEWIS  L.  Black- 
smith and  Wagon-maker;  Cherry  Valley; 
born  in  Franklin  Co.,  N.Y.,  in  1822;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1851;  he  has  been  married 
twice;  first  wife  was  Miss  Jane  Seiger; 


.she  was  born  in  the  same  place,  Nov.  12, 
1830;  she  died  Aug.  8,  1856;  was  married 
again  to  Jane  E.  Nonhue;  she  was  born  in 
Ireland ;  they  were  married  April  22,  1859 ; 
has  three  children  by  first  marriage :  Mary 
J.,  Lewis  A.  and  John  T. 

Stringer  L.  A.  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 

Swanson  C.  farm;  S.  8:  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Swanson  John,  works  for  John  Brown;  Sec. 
12;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Swanson  S.  M.  tailor;  Cherry  Valley. 

Switts  Abraham,  blacksmith ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Switz  Frank,  drug  clerk;  Cherry  Valley. 

TAYI.OR  JAMES,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley;  born  in  Shropshire,  Eng.,  Nov.  3, 
1817;  left  there  and  came  to  the  U.  S.  in 
1850,  and  to  Rockford  in  June,  1854;  owns 
470  acres  land,  valued  at  $23,500 ;  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Elizabeth  Rhoden ;  she  was 
born  in  the  same  place,  in  1816;  they  were 
married  July  29,  1847;  no  family  living; 
lost  three  children. 

TERRY  G.  E.  Farmer;  Cherry  Val- 
ley; born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  14, 
1830;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855;  he  was  in 
the  mercantile  business  from  1855  till 
1870;  has  no  children;  wife  was  Miss 
Martha  Brown ;  she  was  born  in  Bridge- 
water,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  16,  1828; 
they  were  married  Dec.  14,  1856;  was 
Post-master  four  years. 

Thompson  E.A.  farmer;  Sec.34;  P.O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Thompson  Hiram,  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O. 
Cherry  Valle}^ 

Towson  John,  laborer;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

TRACY  JOHN,  Farmer;  Sec.  17; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  St.  Joseph 
Co.,  Mich.,  April  25,  1847;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  March,  1874;  Tracy  Brothers  own 
130  acres  land,  valued  at  $7,800;  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Laura  Willits;  she  was  bo^n 
in  Hillsdale  Co.,  Mich.,  Nov.  21,  1846; 
they  were  married  Oct.  16,  1872 ;  have  two 
children,  one  son  and  one  daughter: 
David  C.  and  Mary  L. 

Turly  A.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Turly  J.  farm ;  Sec.  22 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

TIJRLEY  MICHAEI.,  Farmer; 
Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Co. 
Roscommon,  Ireland,  Dec.  17,  1817;  left 
there  and  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1840,  and 
to  this  Co.  in  1855;  owns  160  acres  land, 
valued  at  $9,600;  he  married  Miss  Anne 
Watson ;  she  was  born  in  the  same  place, 
in  May,  1815;  they  were  married  Jan.  25, 
1839 ;  they  have  four  sons  and  one  daugh- 
ter living:  Andrew,  Julia,  James,Michael, 
Jr.  and  Edward. 

Turner  E.T.  farm;  S.27;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Turner  T.  farm;  S.  27;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Turner  W.  farm ;  S.  27 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 


546 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIBEOTORY: 


Vale  Chas.  laborer;  Cherry  Valley. 
Vanburen  L.  M.  physician ;  Cherry  Valley. 

VAK'DERCOOK  G.  M.  Grain 
Buyer ;  Cherry  Valley ;  born  in  Rennsalaer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  16,  1828;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  the  fall  of  18-8;  is  one  of  the  oldest 
settlers ;  he  married  Miss  Harriet  E.  Hil- 
liard;  she  was  born  in  Ohio;  have  seven 
children :  Emma,  Ella  and  Frank  (twins), 
Carrie,  Gertie,  Elizabeth  and  Tillie. 

Vincent  Wesley,  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

WADDELL  GEO.  A.  farmer;    Sec.  6; 
P.  O.  Rocktord. 


Waddell  G.  W.  farm;  S.  5;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Ward  Geo.  J.  farmer ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Ward  N.  S,  carpenter;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Cherry 

Valley. 
Whitsed  Benj. farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Cherry 

Valley. 
Wilcox  Simeon,  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 
Williamson  Floyd,  farmer;  Cherry  Valley. 
Williamson  J.retired  farmer;  Cherry  Valley. 
Wilmot  Jos.  farmer;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Wiustrum  O.  farmer;  Sec.8;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Wright  Jerome,  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 


CHERRY  VALLEY 


GTHLFOKD    TOWNSHIP. 


549 


GUILFORD  TOWNSHIP. 


B 


ASHLEY     ALEXANDER,     carpenter; 
Cherry  Valley. 

AKERL.Y  \V.  F.  Farmer  and  Car- 
penter; Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley; 
born  in  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  12,1832; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  18o6;  owns  125  acres, 
valued  at  $7,500;  married  Miss  Adeline 
Alexander;  she  was  born  in  Otsego  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  married  Aug.  3,  1855;  have  tive 
children,  Ella,  Freddie,  Frank,Jesse,  Clark. 

Alverson  H.  B.  farmer;  Sec*.  23 ;  P.O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Andrew  W.  farmer;  Sec.  1;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Atwood  P.  B.  farm ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

AKER  CHARLES,  rents  farm;  Sec.  28; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 
Barrows  F.  rents  f\irm ;  S.30 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Beckenbridge  H.  farm;  S.  9;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Blunk  A.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Breckenbridge  E.farm;  S.12;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Brown  H.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Harlem. 
Brown  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Buckley  And.  farm;  Sec.  29;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Buckley  E.  E.  farm;  Sec.  29;  P.O.  Rockford. 

CAMPBELL    FRANK,    laborer;    P.   O. 
Rockford. 

CARMA]^  OGO.  W.  Farmer;  Sec  34; 
P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Canada,  Jan. 
4,  1828 ;  came  to  this  Co.  June  19,  1840, 
and  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers;  has  180 
acres,  valued  at  $9,50(t;  not  married;  is 
Overseer  of  the  Highways. 

CARMAN  P.  J.  Farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.O. 
Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Canada,  April  22, 
1830 ;  left  there  and  came  to  the  U.  S.  and 
to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1840;  is  one 
of  the  oldest  settlers ;  has  80  acres,  valued 
at  $4,000;  no  children ;  wife  was  Mary  A. 
Pell,  born  in  Elgin,  Kane  Co.,  Ill,  April 
17,  1851;  married  Dec.  25,  1876;  he  went 
to  California  in  1850,  remained  there  20 
years,  and  has  been  here  ever  since. 

Carman  W.  farm;  S.  34;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Carpenter  H.  H.  farm;  S.  6;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Case  Mahlon, laborer;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Chamberlin  D.  C.  farm;  Sec. 26;  P.O.  Cheriy 
Valley. 

Chase  E.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Chase  Jno.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Clayton  W.  E.  farm;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Clayton  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Clerry  Pat.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.  Rockford. 

COIiE  C.  F.  Farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O. 
Rockford ;  born  in  Kii'kland,  Me.,  April  21, 
1842 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  owns  5 
acres,  valued  at  $1,000 ;  not  married ;  served 


three  yeai-s  and  nine  months  in  the  late 
rebellion,  in  Co.  E,  52d  I.  V.  I. 
Collins  G.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O.  Rockford. 

CONVERSE  WlLIvARD,  Farmer; 
Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Bradford 
Co.,  Penn.,  Jan.  20,  1822 ;  located  in  this 
Co.  in  Oct.,  1839,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest 
settlers;  married  Matilda  M.  Beers;  she 
was  born  in  Orleans  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  22, 
1831 ;  married  Aug.  23,  1855 ;  Mrs  C.  came 
to  this  Co.  in  June,  1836;  she  has  two  chil- 
dren by  a  former  marriage,  Emily  J.,  now 
Mrs.  Leonard  Marsh,  and  Amelia  B.  Whit- 
tle; has  133  acres,  valued  at  $9,810. 

Cook  J.  N.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Cooper  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  Rockford. 

CORL.ETT  JAMES.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Rockford; 
born  in  the  Isle  of  Man,  Sept.  28,  1823; 
left  there  when  four  years  of  age  and  went 
to  Ohio  with  his  parents,  where  he  i-e- 
maiued  16  years,  then  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1844;  owns' 600  acres,  valued  at  $35,5(i0; 
has  been  married  twice;  tirst  wife  was 
Mary  A.  Vanalstine,  of  N.  Y. ;  married  in 
March,  1847 ;  she  died  Dec.  4,  1858,  aged 
34  years,  2  months  and  9  days ;  married 
again  to  Emma  A.  Wood,  of  Genessee 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  28, 1860 ;  have  twelve  chil- 
dren living ;  lost  one ;  five  sons  and  seven 
daughters. 

CortellL.  farmer;   Sec.  28;  P.  0.  Rockford. 
Coy  Jno.  larmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Coy  W.  E.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Coy  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Cramer  C.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.O.  Rockford 
Culvin  J.  H.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  26 ;  P.O.  Cheriy 
Valley. 

CUMMINGS  O.  J.  Farmer;  Sec.  17; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Geauga  Ci'.,  O., 
Dec.  28,  1832;  left  there  and  came  to  this 
Co.  in  Feb.,  1844;  owns  125  acres,  valued 
$7,250;  married  Miss  Annie  Butler;  boin 
in  Penn.;  married  Oct.  28,  1868;  have  four 
children,  Li  Hie,  Mary  E.,  Abigail  and  But- 
ler; sei-ved  8  months  in  the  late  rebellion, 
in  Co.  D,  74th  I.  V.  I. 

AVIS  J.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 

DAVIS  D.  A.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser ;  Sec.  24 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley ;  born 
in  Canada  West,  Aug.  26,  1821 ;  located  in 
this  Co.  July  6,  1839,  and  is  one  of  the  old- 
est settlers;  owns  160  acres,  valued  at  $9,- 
600;  has  been  twice  married;  first  wife 
was  Miss  Nancy  Horton,  a  native  of  the 
same  place;  born  Nov.  25,  1825;  married 
Nov.  24,  1850;  she  died  in  March,  1869; 
married  again  to  Manda  Leper;  she  was 
born  in  Unadilla,  N.  Y. ;  married  Jan.  11, 


D 


550 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIBECTOBY: 


1871;  has  seven  children  living,  and  lost 
two  by  first  wife ;  Catherine  E.,  Wm.  H., 
Elexa  J.,  Ella  E.,  Susan,  George,  Thaddeus ; 
Cliarles  and  John  deceased. 

DAVIS  I>A:^^^EI.  H.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  11;  P.O.  Rockford; 
born  in  Southhold,  Canada  West,  May  15, 
1825 ;  came  to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in 
June,  1839,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers ; 
has  113^;^  acres,  valued  at  $8,000;  married 
Miss  Agnes  G.  Patterson;  she  was  born  in 
Scotland,  Feb.  9,  1834;  married  Feb.  9, 
1858;  have  six  children,  three  sons  and 
three  daughters;  Catherine  J.,  Abram  W., 
D.  Harry,' Archie  A.,  Grace  A.,  Susanna  B. 

DAVIS  THADDEITS.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Cherry  Val- 
ley; born  in  Southhold,  Canada  West, 
London  Dis't,  June  17, 1829 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  with  his  parents,  in  June,  1839,  and 
is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers ;  owns  193  acres, 
valued  at  $11,580;  married  Miss  Mary  A. 
McClary;  she  was  born  in  Onondaga  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  26,  1834;  married  Dec.  10, 
1857;  have  four  children,  two  sons  and 
two  daughters;  Alma,  born  Sept.  21,  1861; 
Thaddeus  G.,  March  15,  1863;  Mary  E., 
Sept.  23, 1869;  Frank,  July  10,  1871. 

Davis  W.  H.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  13 ;  P.O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

DOOLITTL.E  HARRY,  Farmer 
and  Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  11;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley ;  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  24, 
1815;  located  in  this  Co.  in  Feb.,  1836,  and 
is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers;  owns  372 
acres,  valued  at  $18,500;  married  Miss 
Catherine  Stedman ;  she  was  born  in  Mass., 
June  10,  1820;  married  in  Nov.,  1838;  she 
came  to  the  Co.  in  1837 ;  have  seven  chil- 
dren, four  sons  and  three  daughters;  Julia, 
P.  W".,  Clarinda,  Amzi,  Edward,  Eliza- 
beth and  Austin. 

Doolittle  P.W.  farm ;  Sec.  14;  P.O.  Rockford. 

ASTON    WILLIAM,    laborer;    P.    O. 
Rockford. 

^ITCH  J. farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Rockford. 


E 


Foote  H.  farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Forsaith  Eugene ;  Sec.34 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 
Forsaith  C.  farm;  S.  34;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Forsaith  F.P.  farm ;  S.34 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 
Fox  L.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

GARRETT  B.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 
Garrett  J.  farm ;  Sec.  26 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Garrett  R.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

GARRETT  THOS.  Farmer;  Sec.  22; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  the  Isle  of  Man, 
Feb.  11,  1827 ;  came  to  the  U.  S.  and  to 
Ohio  with  his  parents,  when  nine  weeks  of 
age;  remained  there  ten  years;  came  to 
Winnebago  Co.  in  Aug.,  1838,  and  is  one 
of  the  oldest  settlers ;  owns  100  acres,  val- 


ued at  $6,000 ;  married  Miss  Mary  A.  Rad- 
cliife ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio ;  married 
June  6,  1852;  have  one  son,  William  N. 

Garrett  W.M.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.O.  Rockford. 

George  Edw.tarmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Rockford. 

GILBERT  CHAS.  E.  Farmer;  Sec. 
35;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  son  of  the  late 
Neziah  D.  Gilbert,  who  was  born  in  Troy, 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  1,  1819 ;  he  came  to  the  State 
and  to  Galesburg  in  1837,  and  to  this  Co. 
in  1839,  and  was  one  of  the  oldest  settlers ; 
he  died  April  25,  1876;  Mrs.  Celinda  Gil- 
bert, mother  ot  Chas.,  was  born  in  Pow- 
nei,  Vt.,  Nov.  24,  1819;  she  died  Oct.  19, 
1866;  her  maiden  name  was  Jewett;  they 
were  married  Feb.  27,  1850 ;  left  but  one 
son,  Charles;  he  owns  120  acres,  valued  at 
$6,000. 

Gleason  A.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Gleason  M.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

GEEASOX.  S  W.  Post-Master; 
Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Pownel,  Benning- 
ton Co.,  Vt.,  April  20,  1823 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  Sept.,  1837,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest 
settlers ;  has  one  son,  Herbert ;  wife  was 
Miss  Louisa  Stetson;  she  was  born  in 
Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  married  Jan.  8, 
1858 ;  has  been  Post  Master  two  years. 

Gorham  A.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

GORHAM  EDWARD,  Farmer; 
Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  N.  Y., 
March  1,  1814;  came  to  this  Co.  in  May, 
1837,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  now 
living ;  owns  160  acres,  valued  at  $8,000 ; 
he  married  Miss  Rhoda  Marsh ;  she  was 
born  in  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  25,  1812; 
they  were  married  Feb.  9,  1854;  have  five 
children,  three  sons  and  two  daughters, 
living:  George,  Murray,  Adelbert,  Lucy 
and  Mary;  lost  one  son,  Charles;  killed  in 
the  late  rebellion,  near  Atlanta;  he  be- 
longed to  the  74th  I.  V.  I. 

Gorham  Geo.  farm;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Gorham  M.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Gregory  J.  B.  farm;  Sec.  29;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Gregory  S.  D.  farm;  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Rockford. 

GREEX  A.  .T.  Farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O. 
Rockford;  born  in  Va.,  Aug. 7,  1735;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1865 ;  married  Miss  Catha- 
rine Reid;  she  was  born  in  Scotland,  Mch. 
22,  1840;  they  were  married  Oct.  23,  1858; 
have  three  children:  Maggie  R.,  born  Dec. 
22,  1860;  Mary  E.,  Jan.  l'0,'l865;  Agnes  A., 
Sept.  14,  1872;  lost  two:  John  W.,  born 
April  1,  1864;  died  Aug.  12,  1871;  Ida  B., 
born  Jan.  8,  1868;  died  Aug.  25,  1871. 

HARD  J.   C.  farmer;    Sec.    34;    P.   O. 
Rockford. 
HARD   GIEES   C.  Farmer;   Sec.34; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Addison  Co.,  Vt., 
Sept.  30,  1813;  located  in  this  Co.  in  Nov., 
Ib36.  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  now 


GFILFOKD   TOWNSHIP. 


551 


living;  owns  160  acres  land,  valued  at 
$11,200;  married  Harriet  Clark ;  she  was 
born  in  Orleans  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  29,  1817; 
they  were  married  Sept.  12,  18i38;  have 
two  sons  and  one  daughter :  J.  C,  George 
;ind  Arabelle  E. ;  was  Associate  Judge  and 
Coroner  of  the  Co.,  and  has  been  Commis- 
sioner of  Highwaj's  about  12  years ;  run 
the  fcny  across  Rock  river,  at  Rockford, 
about  4  years,  commencing  in  1839;  he 
also  opened  the  first  mail  ever  received  in 
Rockford. 

Hardy  D.  renter;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hardy/ H.  farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hart  A.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Hartniim  Robt.  farmer ;  Sec.  36 ;  P.O.  Cherry 

Valley. 
Hayes  J.  M.  laborer;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Hayes  Wm.  laborer;  Sec.15;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Hewett  J.  farmer:  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

HORTO:9l  O.  I^.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  21;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley;  born 
in  Charleston,  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Nov.  24,  1813;  came  to  this  Co.  in  Nov., 
1837,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  now 
livins;  owns  125  acres  land,  valued  at 
$6,250;  married  Miss  Jane  McBride,  a 
native  of  Allegheny  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  she  was 
born  July  17,  1811;  they  were  married 
March  2,  1837;  have  two  sons  living; 
Ambrose  A.  and  Robert  A.,  both  living  in 
Iowa;  lost  three  sons  and  one  daughter: 
Mary  J.,  Wilbur,  Roger  S.  (killed  in  the 
late  Rebellion),  and  Frank  G. 

Hunt  Chas.  renter;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hunt  H.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hunt  Ira,  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hunter  D.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hurlburt  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hutchings  Amasa,  farmer  and  carpenter; 
Sec.  lO";  P.  O.  Rockford. 

JOHNSON  NORMAN,   farmer;  Sec.  32; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 
Johnson  W.  H. 
Jones  B.  farm ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

JO^fES  J.  P.  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley ;  born  in  Chester,  Warren  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Jan.  13, 1823;  he  received  a  good  com- 
mon school  education,  at  Ball's  Academy, 
Hoosick  Falls,  Rennssalaer  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
at  the  age  of  21  he  commenced  the  study 
of  law;  he  graduated  at  the  State  and 
National  Law  School,  at  Ballston  Spa, 
Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  at  tlie  age  of  25  he 
commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Troy, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  continued  until  the  age  of 
32 ;  he  then  went  to  Belvidere,  Boone  Co., 
111.,  where  he  bought  what  is  called  the 
Newburgh  Farm,  of  660  acres ;  up  to  five 
years  ago  he  had  made  a  specialty  of 
stock  raising  and  dairying;  then  removed 
to  Rockford,  where  he  followed  his  pro- 
fession for  three  years,  and  since  that  time  I 


K 


has  been  engaged  in  the  grain  business  in 
Chicago;  he  married  Miss  Armenia, 
daughter  of  Peter  Brimmer,  of  Peters- 
burgh,  Rennssalaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  22, 
1851 ;  they  have  one  son  and  one  daugh- 
ter: J.  P.  B.,  born  June  0,  1854;  Mary  A., 
now  Mrs.  C.  H.  Fisher,  living  at  Monroe, 
Ogle  Co.,  111.;  she  was  born  Dec.  3,  1851. 

ELLY  FRANK,  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.O.' 
Rockford. 

Kelly  John,  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Kelly  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Kennedy  Robt.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

KEZAB  DE:N'SI.AY,  Farmer;  Sec. 
24;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Middle- 
sex Co.,  Mass.,  June  "22,  1813;  came  to 
this  Co.  Nov.  29,  1836,  and  is  one  of  the 
oldest  settlers  now  living;  has  100  acres 
land,  valued  at  $4,000;  has  been  married 
twice;  first  wife  was  Catharine  Bartell ; 
she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  married  Jan.  5, 
1844;  she  died  April  9,  1845 ;  he  was  mar- 
ried again  to  Amanda  A.  Holcomb,  widow 
of  Roman  P. ;  she  was  born  in  Henrietta, 
Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  11,  1821;  they 
were  married  Jan.  30,  1849 ;  she  came  to 
the  Co.  in  June,  1841 ;  has  one  son  by  first 
marriage;  seven  children  by  second  mar- 
riage, six  living:  Chas.  H.,  Jerome  M., 
Hosea  B.,  Harriet  M.,  Chas.  F.,  Walter  P., 
and  Helen  A. ;  Hope,  deceased. 

Kezar  H.B.  farm;  S.24;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

KIRK  J.  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O. 
Rockford;  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Penn., 
Aug.  31,  1817;  located  in  this  Co.  in  Mch., 
1837,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers;  wife 
was  Miss  Marcilla  Dennis ;  she  was  born 
in  Canada,  March  18,  1819;  they  were 
married  July  3,  1844;  owns  150  acres 
land,  valued  at  S7,500;  has  five  children, 
two  sons  and  three  daughters :  Mary  E., 
Ella  M.,  Henry  F.,  Wm.  H.  and  Emma 
M. ;  is  Supervisor  and  has  been  for  19 
years;  took  the  U.  S.  census  in  1870. 

K:SrOUD  THOS.  Farmer;  Sec.  28; 
P.O.  Rockford;  born  in  the  County  of 
Donegal,  Ireland,  Oct.,  1801 ;  left  there  and 
came  to  New  York  city  in  1832;  remained 
there  till  1870,  and  then  came  here;  owns 
19794:  acres  land,  valued  at  $14,000;  mar- 
ried Miss  Fanny  Huggans;  she  was  born 
in  County  Cavin,  Ireland ;  they  were  mar- 
ried in  1842;  have  five  sons  and  one 
daughter:  Robert,  Joshua,  Thomas,  Harry, 
Elmer  E.  and  Catharine. 

Korte  H.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Korte  E.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Rockford. 


L 


AHEY   JOHN,  renter;  Sec.  18;   P.  O. 
Rockford. 
Lake  J.  J.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Lake  Robt.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

LiAKE  THOS.  Farmer;   Sec.  2;  P.  O. 
Rockford ;  born  in  Stillweather,  Somerset- 


552 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


shire,  Eng.,  July  4,  1806;  came  to  the 
U.  S.  in  1833,  and  located  in  Cleveland, 
O. ;  remained  there  till  Oct.  1,  1835,  and 
then  came  to  Chicago ;  came  to  Rockford 
March  1,  1836,  and  built  the  first  house  in 
the  city;  he  entered  160  acres  at  the  land 
sale  of  1839,and  now  owns  288  acres,valued 
at  $14,400;  married  Miss  Lavina  Atkins; 
she  was  born  in  England,  in  1806;  they 
•  were  marrierl  in  1831 ;  Mr.  L.  and  his  wife 
are  among  the  oldest  settlers  now  living; 
have  two  children  living,  one  son  and  one 
daughter :  Robt.  W.  and  Eliza  J. 
I^AMB  O.  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.O. 
Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Renssalaer  Co., 
N.  Y.,  March  12,  1817 ;  located  in  this  Co. 
in  Nov.,  1839,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  set- 
tlers ;  owns  90  acres  laud,  valued  at 
$6,750;  has  been  married  twice;  first 
wife  was  Miss  Phoebe  Lowrj^;  she  was 
born  in  Burlington,  Vt. ;  they  were  mar- 
ried in  June,  1841 ;  married  again,  to  Irene 
Morse;  she  was  born  in  Chenango  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  29,  1822;  married  Oct.  4,1865; 
have  three  children  living;  Ruth,  Florence 
■^E.  and  Alice  M. 

I.APORTE  O.  M.  Farmer;  Sec.  8; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Jefferson  Co., 
N".  Y.,  April  10,  1834;  came  to  Chicago  in 
April,  1838,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1857;  owns 
120  acres  land,  valued  at  $8,400;  married 
Miss  Elizabeth  F.  Benjamin;  she  was 
born  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  21, 
1832;  they  were  married  Sept.  5,  1858. 

Larkin  O.  A.  farmer ;  Sec.  22 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Larson  P.  tenant;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Ri)ckford. 

McNAIR  D.   M.   tenant;   P.  O.    Cherry 
Valley. 
McPhail  A.  farmer;  Sec.  1;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
McPhail  A.,  Jr.,  farm ;  Sec.  1 ;  P.O.Rockford. 
McPhail  D.  farmer;  Sec.  1;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

MAlfXIXtJ  JOSIAH,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Cherry  Val- 
ley; born  in  town  of  Westminster,  Middle- 
sex Co.,  Can.,  April  19,  1833 ;  located  in 
this  Co.  April,  1844 ;  owns  260  acres,  valued 
at  $13,000 ;  married  MissJulia  A.Hale,  born 
in  New  Port,  Herkimer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept. 
23,  1838 ;  they  were  married  Oct.  24,  1858 ; 
she  died  Aug.  3,  1876;  has  one  daughter, 
Eleanor ;  was  Assessor  two  terms,  and  Road 
Commissioner  a  number  of  years. 

Marsh  A.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.O.  Rockford 

Marsh  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Marsh  L.  farmer ;   Sec.  9 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Marsh  R.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Marsh  R.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Meach  S.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Miners  Wm.  tenant ;  Sec.  26 ;  P.  O.  Cherry 
Valley. 

Mobarg  S.  laborer;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

MOXROE  GEO.  E.  Farmer  and  Stock' 
Raiser;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in 


City  of  Troy,  N.  Y.,  May  15,  1831 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  spring  of  1871 ;  wife  was 
Miss  Margaret  L.  Dunn,  born  in  Nova 
Scotia,  May  13,  1841;  married  in  fall  of 
1862;  has  160  acres,  valued  at  $14,000; 
have  four  children,  three  daughters  and 
one  son :  Sarah  J.,  Louisa,  Charles  and 
Gertrude. 

MORTEX  J.  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O. 
Rockford ;  born  in  Hamilton  Co.,  O.,  May 
11,1851;  came  to  this  Co.  April  6,  1868; 
married  Miss  Ettie  A.  Sawtell,  born  in 
Belvidere,  Boone  Co.,  111.,  June  22,  1853; 
married  March  13, 1873 ;  have  one  son  and 
one  daughter,  Florence  M.,  Clarence  Z. 

Morse  A.  farm;  S.  26;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

Morse  R.  farm ;  Sec.  26 ;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

MORSE  S.  M.  Farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O. 
Rockford;  born  in  Chatauqua  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Feb.  18,  1837;  came  to  this  State,  to  Kane 
Co.,  in  1840,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1861 ;  owns 
house  and  one  acre,  valued  at  $1,000;  mar- 
ried Miss  Elizabeth  I.  Thoday,  born  in 
Canada,  March  7, 1859 ;  married  March  14, 
1877 ;  he  served  three  years  in  the  late  re- 
bellion, Co.  A,  74th  I.  V.  I. ;  wounded  four 
different  times. 

Morse  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  4 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Mulford  C.  farm ;  Sec.  34 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

MUEFORD  MRS.  EUCY,  Farm- 
ing; Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  widow 
of  Wm.  M.,  who  was  born  on  Long  Island, 
June  10,  1799;  he  came  to  this  Co.  in  1836; 
was  one  of  the  first  settlers;  Mrs.  M.'s 
maiden  name  was  Stuart;  born  in  town  of 
Venice,  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  5, 1817 ; 
married  June  6,  1841 ;  he  died  March  2, 
1862 ;  left  family  six  children,  five  sons  and 
one  daughter:  JEli  H.,  Edward,  John  H., 
Wm.  D.,  Chas.  L.  and  Mary  E. ;  they  have 
640  acres,  valued  at  $44,800. 

Mulford  Wm.  farm ;  S.  34 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

NEWTON  ELIAS,  tenant;  Sec.  3;  P.  0. 
Rockford. 
Newton  F.  tenant;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Noble  D.  D.  tenant;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Noble  N.  D.  tenant;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

PADDEN  JOHN,  farmery  Sec.  23;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 
Palmer  G.  R.  farm ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Palmer  Wm.  farm;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

PARKER  BRAY,  Farmer;  Sec.  24; 
P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Canada, 
March  15,  1832;  came  to  this  Co.  in  fixll  of 
1837,  with  his  parents,  and  is  one  of  the 
first  settlers ;  has  150  acres,  valued  at  $7,500 ; 
has  been  married  twice;  first  wife  was 
Miss  Elizabeth  Kelley,  born  in  State  N.  Y., 
married  in  March,  1867 ;  she  died  April  36, 
1872;  he  married  again  to  Sarah  A.  Mc- 
Lain,  born  in  Waukesha  Co.,  Wis.,  Dec, 
1850,  married  April  15,  1875 ;  has  one  son 


GtJtLI*ORD    TOWNSfllP. 


653 


by  first  wife,  William ;  one  son  and  one 
daughter  by  second,  George  W.,  Frances. 

Picken  C.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rockfurd. 

Picken  G.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  llockford. 

Post  J.  K.  farm ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

POST  XATHA^flEI.,  Farmer;  Sec. 
85;  P.  O.  Cherr}'- Valley;  born  in  Herki- 
mer Co.,  JSl.  Y.,  May  21,  1810;  located  in 
this  Co.  June,  1839 ;  is  one  of  the  oldest 
settlers;  owns  193  acres,  valued  at  $13,510; 
married  Miss  Eliza  Rich,  a  native  of  the 
same  phice,  born  Jan.  31,  1817;  married 
Oct.  13,  1837 ;  have  two  sons :  John  R.,  born 
June  1,  1842;  Erwin  K,  Feb.  14, 1851. 

Potteuger  A.  farm ;  S.  26 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

Pottenger  A.  farm ;  S.  27 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

Pottenger  M.  farm ;  S.  27 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

Pottenger  W.  tarm ;  S.  27 ;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 

Potter  C.  T.  laborer ;  Cherry  Valley. 

Potter  J.  H.  farm;  S.  36;  P.O.Cherry. Valley. 

Poulton  C.  P. 

POUL.TON  T.  W.  Nurseryman;  Sec. 
36;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in  Bucks 
Co.,  Pa.,  March  9,  1812;  left  there  and 
came  to  this  State  in  1883,  and  has  lived 
within  one  hundred  miles  of  here  ever 
since  he  located  in  this  Co.  in  1848 ;  owns 
15  acres,  valued  at  $5,000;  married  Miss 
Sarah  E.  Patterson,  born  in  Newburgh, 
Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  15,  1828;  married 
Jan.  7,  1847 ;  have  nine  children,  five  sons 
and  four  daughters:  Maria  J.,  Sarah  E., 
Charles  H.,  Henry  J.,  Truman  W.,  Wm. 
H.,  Ambrose  F.,  Mary  M.,  Florence  R. 

PRATT  SENECA,  Retired  Farmer; 
Sec.  38;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  N.  Y.,  March'  13,  1803 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  Nov.  1, 1837 ;  is  one  of  the  oldest 
settlers;  has  been  married  twice ;  first  time 
to  Jane  Woodward,  born  in  Renssalaer  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  married  in  1829 ;  she  died  in  1831 ; 
married  again  to  Martha  Clary,  born  in 
N.  H.,  Jan.  12,  1809;  married  Aug.  13, 
1846 ;  she  came  to  this  Co.  in  1836 ;  two 
children,  Hiram  and  Hattie. 

Pratt  W.  M.  tenant;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

PRICE  DAVID,  Farmer;  Sec.  15;  P. 
O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Wales,  May  14, 1830; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  owns  220  acres, 
valued  at  $11,000;  married  Miss  Fannie 
Jones,  born  in  Wales,  1880;  married  in 
1853 ;  have  six  children :  Richard,  Elnor, 
Margaret,  Mary,  Fannie  and  Frank ;  served 
3  years  in  late  war,  in  Co.  D,  74th  I.  V.  I. 

Pryse  D.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Pryse  R.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Purdy  A.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Purdy  E.  farmer:  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Purdy  Ira,  farmer ;  Sec.  16 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

RALSTON   JAMES,  farmer;   Sec.  3;  P. 
O.  Rockford. 
ReidD.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 


Reid  E.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Reid  John,  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Reid  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Richardson  C.  A.  farm;  S. 30;  P.O. Rockford. 
Richardson  H.  farm;  S.  30;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Roake  M.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Robbius  J.  W.  laborer;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Robinson  C.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Robinson  E.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Rosenquist  Charles. 

Rowley  A.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O.Rockford. 
Rowley  C.  gardener ;  Sec. 29;  P.O.Rockford. 

ROWI^EY  ISAAC  H.  Farmer;  Sec. 
31 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Monroe  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  June  25,  1818 ;  located  in  this  Co.  1841 ; 
one  of  oldest  settlers ;  has  120  acres,  valued 
at  $7,200 ;  wife  was  Miss  Harriet  A.Monroe, 
born  in  Troy,  N.  Y. ;  married  in  Oct.,  1843 ; 
have  three  sons  living:  Edwin  R.,  Milton 
C,  Harry  H. ;  lost  one,  Walter,  deceased. 

Rowley  M.  farmer;  Sec. 33;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

SAUNDERS  AARON,  farmer;  Sec.    11; 
P.O.  Rockford. 
Saunders  T.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Sanders  W.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

SCOTT  DA:SfIEL,  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  19;  iP.  O.  Rockford;  born  in 
Cattaraugus  Co.;  N.  Y..  Jan.  26,  1830; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  the  fall  of  1837,  with 
his  parents,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  set- 
tlers; has  199  acres,  valued  at  $13,930; 
married  Miss  Nancy  J.  Hayes,  July  9, 
1848;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  Oct.  19, 
1831 ;  have  one  son  and  one  daughter,  Lu- 
ther and  Annie  L. 

Scott  Luther,farmer ;  Sec.  19;  P.O.Rockford. 

Shaw  Jno.  farmer ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

SMITH  DA:SfIEE,  Farmer;  Sec.  2; 
P.O.  Rockforrt;  owns  82  acres,  valued  at 
$4,920 ;  came  to  the  Co.  in  1842.  and  is  one 
of  the  oldest  settlers. 

Smith  David,  farmer ;  Sec. 19;  P.O.Rockford. 

Smith  G.  W.  farmer;  Sec.30;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Smith  S.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Sovereign  R.farmer ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Sterling  G.  fiirm.  S.  13 ;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

S^WEZEY  A.  J.  Farmer;  Sec.  16;  P. 
O.  Rockford;  born  in  Chautauqua  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Feb.  22,  1836 ;  came  to  this  Co.  and 
settled  on  the  place  he  now  lives,  in  April, 
1851;  owns  70  acres,  valued  at  $3,500; 
married  Miss  Malinda  Bruner;  born  in 
Gossfield,  Canada  West,  Oct.  10,  1843; 
married  June  28, 1866;  have  four  children, 
Esther,  Otto,  Royal  and  Annie. 

Swezey  L.  S.  fjirmer;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  Rockford. 


T 


HOMPSON  CALVIN. 


TAYIiOR  JAS.  Farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.O. 
Rockford ;  born  in  Salisbury,  N.  H.,  Sept. 


554 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


13,  1804 ;   located  in  this  Co.  in  June,  1835, 
and  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  now  living ; 
Mr.  T.  was  the  first  regular  Ferryman  on 
Rock  river,  at  Rockford,  has  remained  here 
ever  since,  and  has  seen   Winnebago  Co. 
grow  to  be  one  of  the  finest  in  the  state  of 
Illinois;  has  140  acres,  valued  at  $8,400 
married  Jane   Sovereign,  April  13,   1843 
she  was  born   in   Canada,  Jan.   2,   1821 
she  died  Oct.  18,  1864 ;  they  have  four  chil 
dren  living,  and  lost  four. 

Thompson  S.  farmer ;  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Toms  Isaac,  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.O.  Rockford. 

TURXEJB  J.    M.   Farmer  and    Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley. 

TURXER  M.  H.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  29;  P.  (3.  Rockford;  born  in 
Riga,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  3,  1818; 
came  to  this  Co.  June  25,  1838,  and  is  one 
■  of  the  oldest  settlers;  has  174  acres,  valued 
at  112,180;  married  Miss  Julia  Kelley, 
May  10,  1838;  she  was  born  in  Irehmd, 
Dec.  22,  1814;  have  one  daughter  living, 
Mary,  now  Mrs.  Nathaniel  Watkins;  lost 
one  son,  Wm.  H.,  aged  12  years,  6  mouths, 
and  5  days. 

Turner  S.  farm;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 

VANALSTINE  JOSEPH,  farmer;  Sec. 
28 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 


TAJfDERCOOK  WM.  C.  Farmer; 
Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in 
Cherry  Valley  Tp.,  this  Co.,  Feb.  14,  1840, 
and  has  lived  here  ever  since;  owns  80 
acres,  valued  at  $4,000;  married  Miss 
Addie,  daughter  of  A.  E.  Hale,  April  7, 
1870 ;  she  was  born  in  Guilford  Tp.,  this 
Co.,  Jan.  28, 1841 ;  have  one  daughter,  Lou, 
born  Sept.  25,  1874;  is  Town  Collector, 
and  was  Notary  Public  four  years ;  served 
one  year  in  the  late  rebellion,  in  Co.  E,  74th 

lv:l 

Van  Wie  J.  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.O.  Rockford. 

WATKINS  N.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.O. 
Rockford. 
Watson  Peter,  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Harlem. 
White  J.  D.  farm ;  S.  24';  P.O.  Cherry  Valley. 
Wliittle  Chas.  farm;  Sec.  27;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Whittle  H.  rents  farm;  S.22;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Wilcox  S.  retired;  S.23;  P.O.Cherry  Valley. 
Wills  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Woodruff  G.  farmer:  Sec.  4;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Worthington  J.  laborer ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.O.  Cherry 

Valley. 
Wrench  W.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.O.  Rockford. 


NEW    MILFOED   T0WN8HIP. 


555 


NEW  MILFORD. 


A 


B 


DAMS  "JOHN,  pastor  of  M.  E.  Church; 
New  Milford. 
AguewII.  farm;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Kisliwaukee. 
Aguew  Geo.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Kishwuukee. 
Agnew  W.  J.  farm;  S.  21 ;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 
Aikeu  Dan.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

ALDRY  WM.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.  O. 
New  Milford. 

BAIiDWIBf  BEIIfJ.  Farmer;  Sec. 
11;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Banks  R.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 

Banks  S.  farm  laborer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Kish- 
waukee. 

BARROSIS  B.  M.  Farmer;  Sec.  31 ; 
P.  O.  New  Milford;  born  near  Rockford, 
July  17,  1853,  his  father  being  an  early 
settler  (1840);  moved  to  California  in  fall 
of  1868;  returned  in  1871;  married  Orissa 
B.  Evans,  Sept.  1,  1874;  born  Oct.  18, 
1854,  in  Rockford,  111. ;  one  child,  Herbert 
H.,  born  Jan.  1,  1876;  owns  80  acres  land, 
worth  $30  per  acre. 

Bartlett  J.  R.  farmer ;  Sec.22 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Bauder  F.  M.  lives  with  his  father,  P.  G. 
Bauder;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Bauder  J.  J.  retired  farmer;  New  Milford. 

Bauder  P.  G.  farm;  S.  23;  P.O. New  Milford 

Baxter  C.  M.  farm;  S.  30;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Baxter  G.  W.farm;  S.26;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

BAXTER     MRS.    JOHK,    P    O 

New  Milford;  born  Dec.  29,  1806;  married 
John  Baxter  in  1832 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
Nov.,  1843;  has  had  eight  children,  Johan- 
na, Lafayette,  George,  Levi  H.,  Rosetta 
Aain,  Francis  Asbury,  Chas.  Merrit,  Ed- 
gar H. ;  some  of  her  children  continue  to 
reside  in  this  Co.,  others  have  moved  to 
other  States. 

Beale  J.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

BETTS  E,  B.  South  Bend  Mill,  sit- 
uated at  the  mouth  of  Kill  Buck  creek; 
General  Custom  Grinding;  making  "New 
Process  Flour"  on  all  grists  ground; 
P.O.  New  Milford;  owns  a  half  inter- 
est in  the  above  mill,  value  $6,000;  2>^ 
miles  south  of  New  Milford;  Repub- 
lican; Baptist;  born  in  Jenner  Tp.,  Somer- 
set Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  15,  1824;  came  to  this 
State  in  1846,  and  settled  in  Dupage  Co., 
where  he  lived  until  1855;  came  to  Winne- 
bago Co.  in  1855,  where  he  has  since  re- 
sided, except  three  years  at  Elgin ;  married 
Harriet  Sterns,  May  7,  1857,  born  in 
Bloomingdale,  Dupage  Co.,  111.,  Sept.  22, 
1837;  have  four  children;  Mary  Emma, 
born  April  13,  1859 ;  Fred.  Grant,  March 
2,  1865 ;  Lloyd  F.,  March  29,  1868 ;  Henry 
Sterns,  Dec.  4,  1871. 

Bordwell  W.  farm;  S.31;  P.O.  New  Milford. 


Boyden  C.  A.  carpenter ;  New  Miltord. 

Brooks  A.  R.  pastor  First  Wesleyan  church ; 
Kishwaukee. 

BROWX  SAM'L,  (Deceased);  came 
Nevv  Milford  in  1836,  and  claimed  the 
north  1-2  of  Sec.  24,  just  north  of  the  pres- 
ent village;  married  Angelina  Hill,  Sept. 
8,  1839;  she  was  born  Dec.  17,  1815,  in 
Sweden,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  came  to 
this  State  with  her  father,  Henry  Hill,  Esq., 
in  1838,  settling  lu  Ogle  Co.;  has  three 
children;  Jonathan  Eden,  born  Aug.  2, 
1840,  graduated  at  LomV>ard  University, 
Galesburg,  in  1860,  believed  to  have  been 
the  tirst  native  graduate;  Alice  M.,May  17, 
1842;  Sarah  E.,  Feb.  24,  1848;  Samuel 
Brown  was  born  in  Decatur,  Otsego  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Oct.  11,  1809;  died  Aug.  2,  1866. 

CARMICHAEL  E.  A.  farmer;  P.O.  Kish- 
waukee. 

CAIUPBEIiL.  WM.  H.  Farmer; 
Sec.  22;  P.  O.  New  Milford;  born  in 
Cherry  Valley,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  6, 
1832;  came  to  this  Co.  March  10,  1857; 
married  Mrs.  M.  A.  Hall,  May  2,  1859; 
she  came  to  this  Co.  in  1840 ;  born  in  Sene- 
ca, Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  9,  1827;  two 
children;  Maud  E.,  born  April  11,1860; 
Wm.  H.,  Jr.,  March  10,  1871. 

CAREY  WALTER,  Miller;  P.  O. 
New  Milford ;  born  at  Stratford-on-Avon, 
England,  March  10,  1846 ;  settled  in  this 
State  in  1852 ;  learned  his  trade  at  Dixon, 
111.,  married  Mary  Wornick,  Jan.  25, 1871 ; 
born  Jan.  16,  1854;  have  three  children, 
Wm.  L.,  Josephine  and  Ruth;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  Co.  D,  42d  I.  V.  I.;  wounded  at 
Franklin,  Tenn.;  discharged  Oct.  23,  1865. 

Castle  J.  L.  farm  ;  S.  BO;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 

Clark  C.  C.  farm ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.O.New  Milford. 

Clark  F.  F.  lives  with  his  father,  C.  C.Clark. 

Cline  L.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

CLOTHIER  CYRUS,  Farmer;  Sec. 
31;  P.O.  Kishwaukee;  born  in  Oxford, 
Gr'enville  Co.,  Ontario,  May  13, 1833;  came 
to  this  Co.  with  his  father,  Freeman 
Clothier,  in  the  fall  of  1838;  lived  here  un- 
til he  enlisted  in  the  74th  I.  V.  I. ;  married 
Louisa  Van  Doren.  Jan.  14,  1859;  have 
four  children ;  Wilford  R.,  born  July  22, 
1860;  Elmer,  July  19,  1862;  AddaM.,  May 
8,  1866 ;  Nellie  M.,  April  3,  1870 ;  is  Con- 
stable at  the  present  time;  owns  88  acres, 
worth  $3,500. 

Clothier  F.  farm ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 

Clothier  G.  laborer  for  Henry  Agnew;  P.  O. 
Kishwaukee. 

Clothier  H.  L.  farm ;  S.32 ;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 

CLOTHIER  LEWIS,  Farmer;  Sec. 
32 ;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee ;  Republican ;  Bap- 


556 


WINNEBAGO    COtJNTt"   DIRECTORY: 


tist  preferred;  owns  48  acres,  valued  at 
$3,000;  born  at  Oxford  Mills,  Canada  East, 
Jan.  18,  1837 ;  came  to  this  Co.  when  quite 
young,  and  returned  again  after  an  absence 
of  a  few  years,  in  1855,  living  about  here 
ever  since;  enlisted  in  14th  Iowa  V.  I.; 
served  three  years;  married  Miss  Emma 
C.  Miller,  Dec.  5,  1867 ;  have  three  children, 
Curtis,  born  March  5,  1869;  Alma,  March 
33,  1873 ;  Mabel,  April  14,  1876 ;  Mrs.  Clo- 
thier holds  the  office  of  Post-mistress  of 
Kishwauee. 

COIvE  H.  B.  Farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.O. 
New  Milford. 

Colwell  G.  A.  laborer;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 

eOXDOW  MICHAEIi,  Farmer;  Sec. 
32 ;  P.O.  Kishwaukee ;  owns  100  acres  land, 
value  $7,000;  Democrat;  Catholic;  born 
in  County  Cork,  Ireland,  June,  1822;  came 
to  America  in  1852;  lived  in  Wallingford, 
Conn.,  5  years;  came  to  this  Co.  in  April, 
1857 ;  married  Katharine  Dwyer,  June  4, 
1859 ;  she  was  born  in  County  Cork,  Ire., 
March,  1835 ;  six  children :  Mary  Ann,  born 
April  4,  1860 ;  Edward  and  Edwin,  Feb. 
26,  1862;  Wm.,  Jan.  28,  1864;  Ellen,  Oct. 
12,  1871 ;  Honora,  Aug.  4,  1874. 

Cone  Frank,  lives  with  father,  Mander  Cone. 

CONJG  MAJfDER,  Farmer;  Sec.  14; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Berkshire  Co., 
Mass.,  June  9,  1807 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1837,  when  it  was  all  a  new  country;  mar- 
ried Esther  C.  Howk,  from  Berkshire  Co., 
Mass.,  in  1832;  one  child,  born  Dec, 
1834;  wife  died  on  Lake  Huron;  mar- 
ried Sarah  M.  Odell,  April  22,  1847 ;  have 
had  three  children ;  F.  J .,  born  April,  1849 ; 
E.  Frank,  Dec,  1852;  Hiram  R,  Sept., 
1854,  who  died  in  Dec,  1874 ;  owns  250 
acres,  valued  at  $16,250. 

COOK  OEO.  H.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  2;  P.O.  Rockford. 

COONEY  J^O.,  St.,  Harness-maker; 
New  Milford ;  Independent ;  Episcopalian ; 
born  in  Co.  Meath,  Ireland,  in  May,  1827 ; 
came  to  this  country  in  Oct.,  1849 ;  mar- 
ried, Aug.  1849,  in  Ireland,  to  Margaret 
Reynolds ;  born  in  her  husband's  native 
county,  in  1829 ;  have  seven  children,  Sarah 
Ann,  John,  Elle,  William,  Emma,  Carrie 
and  Eva;  Mr.  Cooney  was  in  the  11th  I. 
V.  C.  one  year,  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged. 

Cooney  J.,  Jr.,  harness-maker;  New  Milford. 

Conrodt  P.  A.  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Conrodt  W.  P.  farm;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Corlett  W.  E.farm;  S.  25;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Coshen  R.  S.  farmer  and  stock  raiser;  Sec.  2. 
P.  O.  Rockford. 

Cuddae  Jas.  farmer ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Cummings  D.farm;  S.30;  P.O.New  Milford. 


D 


AVIS  W.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.O.  Kish- 
waukee. 


Demming  A.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  New 

Milford. 
Dickerman  M.  L.farm :  S.  14;  P.O.  Rockford. 

OICKERMAIIf  P.  B.  Farmer;  Sees. 
15  and  22 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  owns  160  acres, 
value  $50  per  acre ;  born  at  Jewett,  N.  Y., 
July  7,  1840 ;  married  Sej^t.  12, 1865,  Emily 
F.  Peck,  born  Sept.  13,  1841 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  1865;  three  children:  Alfred  Grant, 
born  Jan.  9,  1867;  Mary  Ellen,  July  25, 
1871;  Edward  Burton,  March  26,  1873; 
Mr.  Dickerman  was  2d  Lieut.  Co.  F,  120th 
N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  discharged  at  close  of  war. 

Doran  J.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 

Doran  M.  farmer ;  Sec.  34 ;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Doran  T.  G.  lives  with  M.  Doran;  P.O.  New 
Milford. 

EASTMAN  H.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. 
New  Milford. 

Eastman  J.  farm;  Sec 36; P.O.New  Milford. 

Eaton  M.  G.  farmer;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee. 

Eddy  William. 

Elbridge  E.  E. 

ERFFMEYER  lY.  G.  Farmer;  Sec. 
31 ;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee ;  owns  106  acres 
land,  value  $5,300;  born  in  Preuss  Min- 
dem,  near  Bremen,  Germany,  Nov.  8, 1841 ; 
came  to  U.  S.  1856;  married  MaryExleben, 
Feb.  27,  1872,  born  1852,  near  Berlin,  Ger- 
many ;  two  children :  Oliver,  born  Feb.  1, 
1873 ;  Emma,  Oct.  30,  1875. 

Evans  T.  W.  farmer;  Sec 34. 

FANNIN  H.  V.  insurance  agent;    P.  O. 
New  Milford. 
Fields  E.  B.  S.  mechanic;  P.O.  New  Milford. 
Fitzgerald  M.  farm ;  P.O.  New  Milford. 
Fitzpatrick  T.  farm ;  S.  30 ;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 
Foley  T.  carpenter:  S.  26;  P.O.New  Milford. 
Fox  S,  J.  rents  farm;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee. 
French  S.  H.  physician;  New  Milford. 

GARDNER  W.  H.  merchant;  New  Mil- 
ford. 

Gilbert  H.  farmer;  Sec.  1;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

GIlfDER$$  GEO.  Farmer;  rents  land 
on  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  New  Milford;  born  in 
Billingborough,  Lincolnshire,  Eng.,  Sept. 
4,  1837 ;  came  to  this  country  1852,  and  to 
Rockford,  1854 ;  has  lived  near  here  ever 
since ;  married,  May  29, 1856,  to  Miss  Mary 
E.  Peck,  born  at  Claythorpe,  Lincolnshire, 
Eng.,  June  8,  1836 ;  came  to.  this  country 
1855,  and  always  lived  about  Rockford; 
seven  children;  those  living  are:  Eliza- 
beth L.,  born  March  15,  1857;  Ira  E., 
Jan.  8,1861;  Carrie,  April  24,  1864;  Wm. 
Henry,  Sept.  26, 1867;  Lucy  Rebecca,  Sept. 
3,  1870;  Joseph  Thomas,  Oct.  19,  1872; 
(George  Harry,  born  Jan.  13,  1859,  died 
June  7,  1860.) 

Graham  A.  R.  rents  farm ;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Graham  H.  rents  farm ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 


NEW   MILFOKD   TOWNSHIP 


659 


Graves  C.  former ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  New  Milford. 
Graves  C.  L.  lives  with  C.  Graves;  P.O.  New 
Milford. 


H 


AGEIIMAN  F.  former;  Sec.  30;  P.O. 
Kishwaukee. 
Haight  E.  B.  form ;  S.  13 ;  P.O.  New  Milford. 
Haight  M.  E.  clerk ;  New  Milford. 
Haight  W.  S.  farm;  S.  28;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 
Haley  Nicholas  C.  laborer;  New  Milford. 
Hall  L.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 
Hall  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.O.New  Milford. 

HARRIS  R.  H.  Farmer;  P.  O.  Kish- 
waukee; Republican;  Coogregatioualist ; 
Mr.  Harris  was  born  at  Brattleboro,  Vt., 
Aug.  35,  1817,  where  he  married  Mary  F. 
Harris,  born  Aug.  30,  1817;  Mrs.  Harris 
died  Feb.  16,  1877  :  he  came  to  this  Co.  in 
the  fall  of  1839,  having  lived  for  29  years 
on  Sec.  31,  his  present  residence ;  have  had 
seven  children ;  those  living  are :  Wm.  H., 
born  Nov.  25,  18-10 ;  Sarah,  Jan.  19,  1842; 
Mary  F.,  Sept.  30,  1844;  Olive  E.,  July  26, 
1848.  Mr.  Harris  owns  124  acres  land, 
valued  at  $7,500;  has  been  Supervisor  2 
years.  Assessor  7,  and  Justice  of  Peace  13. 

Heagle  B.  J.  farmer  and  grain  buyer ;  Sec. 
13 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 

Hilderbrand  G.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  New 
Milford. 

Hiutsman  M.  B.  wind  mills;  New  Milford. 

Hoisington  H.  E.  farmer;-  Sec.  31;  P.  O. 
Kishwaukee. 

Hoisington  Harris,  lives  with  father,  H.  E. 
Hoisington;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee. 

Holden  S.  W.  stone  mason;  New  Milford. 

HOIiDRIDO£  JOHN,  Farmer;  Sec. 
12;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  Spencertown, 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  8,  1794 ;  enlisted  in  Capt.  Ken- 
nedy's  Co..  Col.  Hopkins'  Regt. ;  was  at 
battle  of  Fort  Erie,  Sept.  17,  1814;  his 
father  was  Lieut,  in  revolution ;  married, 
March  25,  1823,  Rachel  Briggs,  born  near 
Danville,  Pa.,  Aug.  15,  1798;  came  to  this 
Co.  June  7,  1849 ;  have  had  ten  children : 
George  W.,  born  March  15,  1825,  died  of 
disease  contracted  in  army  May  14,  1863 ; 
Nancy,  Jan.  7,  1827,  lived  one  month ;  Sa- 
rah, Dec.  24,  1827;  John  Q.,  March  31, 
1830;  Robert  B.,  Sept.  4,  1832;  Dwight  B., 
Jan.  23,  1835,  died  March  12,  1863,  at  Mur- 
freesboro,  Tenn.,  member  of  Co.  E,  74th 
I.  V.  I.;  Emily  A.,  Feb.  11,  1839;  Charles 
H.,  May  9,  1843,  died  at  Gallatin,  Tenn., 
Feb.  4,  1863,  member  Co.  E,  74th  I.  V.  I. ; 
two  others  died  in  infancy;  this  family 
has  been  represented  in  the  three  great 
wars  of  the  United  States. 

Horton  A.  C  farm ;  S.  29 ;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

HOTELL.IXO   H.    Farmer;   Sec.   30; 
P.O.New    Milford;   Republican;   Meth- 
odist; born  at  Bethlehem,  Albany  Co.,  N. 
'  Y.,  Feb.  16,  1813;  married  March  12,  1835, 
Mary  C.  Zimmer,  born  in  Schoharrie  Co., 

80 


N.  Y.,  Oct.  9, 1816 ;  came  to  this  Co.  March 
26,  1857;  their  children  are  as  follows: 
Elizabeth  E.,  born  May  6,  1837 ;  Catherine 
M.,  July  28,  1839;  Martha  A.,  July  22, 
1841 ;  Addison  H.,  March  22,  1844,  mem- 
ber Co.  G.,  45th  I.  V.  I.,  promoted  Lieut., 
discharged  1863  Capt.  Co.  E,  O.  V.  I.; 
Mary  H.,  Sept.  9,  1847 ;  Harriet  S.,  May  6, 
1849,  died  Oct.  7,  1871 ;  Peter  G.,  Oct.  10, 
1851  ;  Samantha  E.,  May  28,  1853,  died 
March  5,1855;  John  H.,  Sept.  4,  1855; 
Charles  F.,  Nov.  6, 1860;  Carrie  May,  Oct. 
25, 1862,  died  in  few  days. 

Hyde  B.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hyde  C.  B.  lives  with  father,  B.  F.  Hyde; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 

JAMES  CHARLES,  farmer;  P.   O.  New 
Milford. 

James  Wm.  farm ;  S.  22 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 
Jarvis  A.  farm ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 
Jarvis  M.  tenant;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee. 
Jernberg  Erie,  farmer ;  lives  with  father,  John 

E.;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Jernberg  J.  E.  farm ;  Sec.  12 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Johnson  C.  B. 

JOHNSON  F.  €.  Farmer  and  Manu- 
facturer of  Pure  Cider  Vinegar;  Sec.  34; 
P.  O.  Kishwaukee;  born  in  this  Co.,  April 
21, 1843,  where  he  has  always  lived ;  March 
17,  1869,  married  Miss  Carrie  E.  Adams, 
of  Beloit,  Wis.;  have  one  child  living, 
Chandler. 

Johnson  John,  farm  laborer ;  P.  0.  Rockford. 
Johnson  Lovejoy. 

Jones  W.  A.  farm ;  S.  24;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 
Jones  W.  physician ;  New  Milford. 


K 


INGHTON  BENJ.  rents  farm;  Sec.  30; 
P.  O.  New  Milford. 

KEWISH  W.  D.  Blacksmith;  New 
Milford;  born  Aug.  18, 1832,  at Paynsville, 
O. ;  came  to  this  Co.  1850 ;  married,  Dec.  5, 
1865,  Louisa  G.  Pease,  born  Dec,  1841; 
have  four  children:  Ida  O.,  Hattie  J.,  Car- 
rie A.,  Charley  D. ;  was  in  Co.  A,  74th  I. 
V.  I. ;  discharged  at  close  of  war ;  owns  a 
homestead  worth  $500. 

Kinghton  J.  rents  farm;  Sec.  30;  P.  0.  New 
Milford. 

Kingsbury  A.  farm;  S. 32;  P.O.  Kishwaukee. 

KINGSBURY  MRS.  ELIZA- 
BETH, P.  O.  Kishwaukee;  born  in 
Newfield,  Thompkins  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  10, 
1612;  daughter  of  Benjamin  and  Phoebe 
Horton,  of  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  married 
Elijah  Miller  (born  May  27,  1804,)  May  2, 
1833;  had  five  children:  Mary  A.  and 
Betsy  A.,  born  March  12,  1834,  the  latter 
dying  when  two  months  of  age ;  Martha 
E.,  March  12,  1836,  died  June  9,  1848; 
Obadiah  A.,  April  18,  1838;  Benjamin  H., 
Sept.  23,  1840;  in  this  Co.,  Nancy  Jane, 
April  4,  1846,  died  Dec.  2, 1847 ;  Ruoda  E., 


660 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIKECTOET: 


March  10,  1848;  Cornelius  E.,  May  4, 1856; 
married  Addison  Kingsbury,  Sept.  15, 
1857 ;  Mrs.  Kingsbury  is  among  tlie  early 
settlers,  coming  here  with  her  father  184B.. 

Kinson  D.  farm ;  Sec.  32 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 

Kinson  J.  farm ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 

LAWSON  JOHN  F.,    P.   O.   New  Mil- 
ford. 
Lawson  T.  F.  rents  farm;  S.  26;  P.  O.  New 

Milford. 
Lee  C.  M.  farmer ;  lives  with  father,  L.  H  Lee. 

L.EE  liUKE  II.  Sec.  29;  P.  O. 
Kishwaukee;  Republican;  Independent; 
born  at  Weston,  Windham  Co.,  Vt.,  July 
28,  1828 ;  came  to  this  Co.  May  2, 1834,  and 
settled  here  Dec.  3,  1854;  married  Mary 
Jane  Haney;  born  in  Co.  Carlton,  Upper 
Canada,  June  2,  1839;  has  eight  children; 
Chas.  N.,  born  May  28, 1856 ;  Fred  J.,  Nov. 
11,  1859;  Frank  H.,  Jan.  19, 1861 ;  Adalece 
J.,  Jan.  18,  1869;  Wm.  D.  Oct.  19,  1871; 
Ernest,  April  19,  1873 ;  Amos  R.,  June  5, 
1876 ;  owns  120  acres  land,  worth  $5,000. 

Litchfield  G.  L.  laborer;  New  Miltord. 

McCAMMOND  JOHN,  laborer;   P.   O. 
New  Milford. 

McCAMMOXD  I>A:SfX  li.  Son  of 

William  P.  and  Sarah  E.  McCammond. 

McEvoy  J.  A.   farm;   rents  thresher;  P.O. 

New  Milford. 
McEvoy  J.  L.  farm ;  S.29 ;  P.O.New  Milford. 
McMahen  P.  farm;  S.  32;  P.O.  New  Milford. 
Main  Juo.  laborer ;  New  Milford. 
Marsh  F.  M.  farmer ;  lives  with  father,  A.  M. 

Marsh. 
Marsh  P.  A.  creamery ;  New  Milford. 

Maxwell  A.  H.  son  of  F.  H.  Maxwell ;  New 

Milford. 
Maxwell  E.  L.  wagon  maker ;  New  Milford. 
MaxwellF.  H.farm ;  S.24;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

MIIiliARD  JOHX  B.  (Deceased); 
born  Jan.  18,  1836,  at  Canaan,  Litchfield 
Co.,  Conn. ;  married  Oct.  25,  1860,  to  S. 
Jane  Millard ;  born  in  New  Marlborough, 
Berkshire  Co.,  Mass.,  May, 7,  1837;  came 
here  in  March,  1866;  five  children;  Mattie 
J.,  born  Jan.  2,  1862;  May,  May  13,  1867, 
died  April  7,  1874;  Jessie,  Oct.  25,  1869, 
died  March  30,  1874 ;  Walter  E.,  Jan.  26, 
1871 ;  Bertha,  Jan.  13,  1873,  died  Jan.  26, 
1873 ;  John  B.  Millard  died  April  18,  1874. 

Miller  C.  rents  farm  of  C.  Kingsbury;  P.  O. 
Kishwaukee. 

Miller  H.  G.  farmer ;  Sec.  11 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

miLLER  HOKACE,  (Deceased); 
born  in  1798,  in  Berkshire  Co.,  Mass.; 
married  Hannah  Clark,  of  Montgomery 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1817 ;  moved  to  Livingston 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  then  to  New  Milford,  in  March, 
1839 ;  extensive  Farmer  and  Stock  Raiser ; 
Republican;  Methodist;  member  of  Legis- 
lature 1851-2 ;  their  home  was  knownfor 


N 


its  liberal  hospitality  for  many  miles ;  Mr 
Miller  died  Aug,  5, 1864;  Mrs.  Miller,  Sept. 
14,  1877 ;  they  left  six  children ;  G.  Clark, 
Sarah  A.,  N.  Eliza,  Horace  G.,  Caroline 
H.,  and  Wm.  H.,  all  residents  of  this  Co. 

Miller  J.  P.  farmer;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Monroe  L.  farmer;  Sec.  1;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Monroe  M.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  1 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Moore  T.  R.  farm;  S.  12;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 

Morey  J.  W.  farmer;  Sec.ll;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Morey  Walter,  rents  farm;  Sec.  11;  P.O. 
Rockford. 

MORRIS  JOSEPH  ».  Farmer; 
Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee;  born  in  Cole- 
ville,  Broome  Co.,N.  Y.,  Dec,  1806;  came 
to  Ottawa,  111.,  in  1834,  and  to  this  Co.  in 
1836 ;  settled  at  the  mouth  of  the  Kish- 
waukee; married  Nancy  McCammond, 
Nov.  29,  1846 ;  she  was  born  Nov.  27, 1816 ; 
have  had  five  chidren,  those  living  are 
Reuben,  born  Sept.  8,  1849 ;  Anna,  Oct.  13, 
1859 ;  owns  70  acres  of  land,  worth  |2,700 ; 
Republican ;  Methodist. 

Morris  R.  M. 

UTT  MORRIS,  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O. 
New  Milford. 

XORTOX  A.  K.,  M.  ».  Physician 
and  Surgeon ;  New  Milford ;  born  at  Byron, 
Ogle  Co.,  Aug.  13,  1850 ;  his  parents  were 
early  settlers  of  that  Co.,  and  descended 
from  Revolutionary  ancestry,  of  Benning- 
ton, Vt. ;  graduated,  at  Chicago  Medical 
College,  1872;  was  on  the  stafl'  of  Mercy 
Hospital,  Chicago,  one  year;  Assistant 
Physician  of  Sanitary  Department  of  Re- 
lief Paid  Society,  and  for  the  winter  of 
1873  Superintendent  of  the  Department. 

PACKARD    JOHN,    Sr.,   laborer;    New 
Milford. 

PARNEEE  J.  Farmer;  Sees.  32  and 
29;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee;  Republican;  Pro- 
testant; born  in  August,  1824,  at  St.  Win- 
now Parish,  Cornwall  Co.,  England;  emi- 
grated to  America  June  19,  1854;  married 
Feb.  13,  1864,  to  Winifred  Larkin,  born  in 
Kings  Co.,  Ireland,  Dec.  25,  1836,  and 
came  to  America  when  19  .years  old ;  set- 
tled where  they  now  live,  in  March,  1867 ; 
have  had  six  children,  those  living  are 
James,  born  August,  1860,  son  of  Mrs.  Par- 
nell;  Louisa,  May  5,  1866;  Matilda,  Feb. 
24,  1869;  Charles  H.,  Sept.  30,  1870;  owns 
140  acres  land,  worth  $7,000. 

Pope  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

PREIfTICE  JOHX,  Farmer;  P.  O. 
Kishwaukee;  Republican;  Methodist  pre- 
ferred ;  owns  160  acres  of  land  in  Ogle  Co., 
value  $9,600,  and  49  acres  on  gee.  30  in 
this  Tp.,  value  $3,500;  Mr.  Prentice  is  a 
native  of  Allegheny  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  Sept.,  1842,  and  settled  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Kishwaukee,  living  there  15 
years ;  he  moved  to  Ogle  Co. ;  returned  to 
this   Co.   in  fall  of  1877;    married  Anna 


NEW   MILFOED   TOWNSHIP. 


561 


R 


McCammond,  in  1848;  she  died  in  1857; 
one  child,  Willi;vm,  born  in  1850;  second 
wife  was  Adaline  L.  Banks,  born  Aug.  2'J, 
18:58;  married  Oat.  3,  1857;  have  ten  chil- 
dren, Mar}'  M.,  born  Aug.  31,  1858;  Francis 
E.,  March  29,  18G0;  Orville  I.,  April  18, 
1862;  Benjamin  F.,  Feb.  20,1804;  Ward 
L.,  May  9,  18GG ;  Sarah  F.,  Aug.  29,  1808 ; 
Adda  A.,  Nov.  1,  1870 ;  Maggie  E.,  Sept. 
12,  1872 ;  Johnnie  C,  May  8,1 874. 

PRICE  EDWARD  E.  Farmer; 
Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee ;  owns  175  acres 
land,  value  $15,175;  born  in  Montgomery- 
shire, North  Wales,  in  1835 ;  came  to  U. 
S.  in  1851 ;  married  Sarah  E.  Goodhue, 
Sept.  33,  1859,  born  Aug.  16,  1830,  in  this 
Co.;  married  her  lirst  husband,  Wm.  H. 
McCammond,  Jan.  13,  1856,  by  whom  she 
had  one  child,  Daniel  L.,  born  Dec.  14, 
1850;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Price  have  had  seven 
children;  Margaret E.,  born  Nov.  14,  1800; 
Edward  J.,  April  10,  1863 ;  Thomas  A., 
Oct.  7,  1865;  Albertie  E.,  May  31,1868; 
Lillie  F.,  Aug.  21,  1871 ;  Leora  and  Leo- 
nora, Aug.  26,  1874. 

Price  L.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

ADCLIFF    CHARLES,   farmer;    lives 
with  his  father,  T.  Radclifl'. 

RADCIilFF    THOS.    Farmer;    Sec. 

23 ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 
Radcliff  T.farm ;  lives  with  father,  T.Radclift. 

RAMSEY  ADDISON,  Farmer;  Sec. 
34;  P.  O.  New  Mdford;  Rep;  Ind;  came 
to  this  Co.  -with  his  father,  Samuel  Ram- 
sey, in  the  fall  of  1840,  and  has  lived  in 
this  township  ever  since ;  married  Miss  A. 
E.  Munger,  Oct.,  1855,  born  Jan.  16,  1834, 
died  June  19,  1858;  one  child,   Louilla, 

born  May  1,  1856;  married,  Dec.  27, , 

Catherine  A.  Dickerman,  born  Feb.  12, 
1827,  at  Lexington,  Green  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  owns 
140  acres  land,  worth  $9,000. 

Richards  E.  C.  wagon  maker ;  New  Milford. 

Rose  J.  C.  farm;  Sec.  30;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Rosecrans  J.  E.  physician;  New  Milford. 

ROTHWEL.1.  ROBERT,  Farmer; 
Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee;  born  in  Lan- 
cashire, Eng.,  June  2,  1803 ;  came  to  U.  S. 
1820 ;  married,  in  spring  of  1829,  Susan 
Andrus,  daughter  of  a  revolutionary  sol- 
dier; she  was  born  Jan.  13,  1797,  at  Berk- 
ley, Mass. ;  they  lived  in  Ohio  five  years ; 
came  to  this  Co.  April,  1837;  have  lived 
here  ever  since ;  have  one  son,  William, 
born  Feb.  19, 1838. 

Rothwell  W.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  New 
Milford. 

Rowley  B.  rents  farm;  Sec.  1 ;  P.O. Rockford. 

SA:^^BORX  OEO.  C.  Teacher;  New 
Milford;  Rep;  Univ;  born  in  Dubuque, 
Iowa,  June  7,  1853;  came  to  this  Co.  1863; 
married,  March  28,  1876,  CoraE.  Allen,  of 
Shabbona  Grove,  where  she  was  born,  Sept. 
10,  1857,  her  father,  Capt.  M.  V.  Allen, 
being  an  old  settler  in  that  vicinity. 


Seek  Geo.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.  O.  New 

Milford. 
Sheflield  W.  D.  rents  form ;  P.O. New  Milford. 
Shipe  1.  N.  fiirm;  S.  26;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

SHIJMWAY  D.  S.  Farmer;  Sec.  21; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  Jamaica,  Windham 
Co.,  Vt.,  March  27, 1S03  ;  married,  Nov.  20, 
1825,  Sallie  Greeley,  a  relative  of  Horace 
Greeley,  of  N.  Y.  City;  slie  was  born  Feb. 
8,  1800,  at  Andover,  Windsor  Co.,  Vt; 
they  came  to  this  Co.  1836,  and  have  lived 
on  the  same  section  since  their  first  settle- 
ment, when  but  two  buildings  were  to  be 
seen,  a  log  house  and  a  shanty;  have  had 
eight  children,  five  living:  Romanzo, 
Rolenzo,  Alvaro,  Rollaud,  Monroe;  Mr. 
Shumway  bore  a  conspicuous  part  in  the 
early  settlement  of  the  county. 

SHrMWAY  R.  B.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Dealer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  New  Milford;  born 
May  25,  1835 ;  came  to  this  Co.  May  29, 
1836;  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  in  the  Co; 
married  March  2,  1856,  Sarah  Hall,  born 
in  Canada;  have  six  children:  Alva  E., 
Carrie  F.,  Hattie  M.,  Nora  J.,  Minnie  C. 
and  Harry ;  has  filled  the  offices  of  As- 
sessor 4  years,  Road  Commissioner  3  years. 
Township  Treasurer,  and  until  1876  has 
been  School  Director  since  22  years  of  age. 

Smith  J.  T.  farm;  Sec.  33;  P.O.Kishwaukee. 

Stevens  G.  farm;  S.  28;  P.  O.  Kishwaukee. 

'T^AYLOR  DR.  L.  P.     New  Milford. 

USHER  JOHN  A.  rents  farm;  Sec.  36; 
P.  O.  New  Milford. 

WARD  J.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 
WARD  D.  D.  Farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.O. 
Rockford;  born  in  Taburg,  Oneida  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Nov.  24,  1859;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1865 ;  lived  at  his  present  residence  with 
his  father,  J.  C.  Ward,  ever  since. 
Ward  E.  rents  farm ;  P.  O.  New  Milford. 

WATSOX  JOHN  S.  Farmer;  Sec. 
32;  P.  O.  New  Milford;  born  in  Coventry, 
Eng.,  Aug.  19,  1820;  came  to  U.  S.  June, 
1835 ;  lived  at  Weedsport,  N.  Y.,  Ohio  4 
years,  Indiana  6  years;  came  to  this  Co. 
May  16, 1840;  married,  Dec.  9, 1847,  Abby 
L.  Stickney,  born  March  25,  1825,  at  Ad- 
dison, Addison  Co.,  Vt.,  came  to  N.  Y. 
1830,  to  this  Co.  Oct.,  1840;  five  children: 
Robert  S.,  born  Oct.  13,  1848;  Elizabeth, 
Feb.  21,  1850;  Thomas  F.,  May  21,  1853, 
died  of  excessive  cold  in  mountains  of 
California ;  Eva  A.,  March  24, 1859 ;  George 
C,  Jan.  3,  1868 ;  Robert  was  a  member  of 
Co.  G,  9th  I.  V.  C. 

Watson  R.  farm ;  S.  32 ;   P.  O.  New  Milford. 

Waugh  A.  M.  farm ;  S.  13 ;  P.O.New  Milford. 

Weeks  H.  J.  lives  with  father,  R.  C.  Weeks. 

Weeks  R.  C.  farm ;  S.  26 ;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Wilcox  I.  L.  farm;  S.  13;  P.O.  New  Milford. 

Wilcox  W.  M.  lives  with  father,  E.  S.  Wilcox. 

Wilson  G.  farm;  S.  24;  P.  O.New  Milford. 


562 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


PECATONICA  TOWNSHIP. 


A  DAMS  JOHN,  Pecatonica. 

ABAIIS  DA:XIEL  D.  Fanner;  Sec. 
3;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  bora  near  Saratoga 
Springs,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  29,  1825;  married 
Miss  Olive,  daughter  of  Asliel  and  Cliar- 
lotte  Satterlee,  of  Oswego  Co.,  Jan.  27, 
1851;  lias  one  daughter,  Arabel,  born  Oct. 
31,  1851;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1865;  owns 
39  acres,  worth  |1,160;  daughter  is  mar- 
ried to  Frank  B.  Campbell,  of  DurandTp. ; 
Republican;  Independent;  has  been  five 
years  School  Director. 

Almquist  Andrew,  shoemaker;  Pecatonica. 

Almquist  John,  R.  R.  hand ;  Pecatonica. 

Anderson  Chas.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Anderson  Chas.  farmer;  Sec.  9. 

ANDERSOJ^f     ELIPHAIiET, 

Farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born 
in  Penn.,  in  1831;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1861;  owns  120  acres  of  land;  has  held 
office  of  School  Director;  married  Miss 
Isabella  Comly,  Aug.  3, 1858 ;  she  was  born 
in  Penn. ;  has  four  children ;  Wm.  C,  born 
Dec.  19, 1859 ;  Ada  L.,  April  13, 1863 ;  Mary 
E.,  Dec.  18,  1866 ;  Martha  B.,  Dec.  15, 1872. 

ANDERSOX  J  AS.  Farmer;  Sec.  14; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.,  1835; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1855;  owns  210  acres; 
is  School  Director  and  Road  Commis- 
sioner; married  Miss  Amelia  Clark  in 
1862;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  has  two  chil- 
dren, Blanche  and  Howard. 

Anderson  John,  Sr.,  farmer ;  Sec.  17.  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 

Anderson  John,  Jr.,  farmer;  Sec.  17.  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 

Anderson  Wm.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Anderson  W.  B.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

Andrus  C.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

BELLICK    EDWARD,    farmer;     P.    O. 
Pecatonica. 

BARL.OQA    JNO.  B.  Farmer;   Sec. 

7 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica ;  born  in  Wis.  in  1854 ; 

came  to  this  Co.  in  1875 ;  owns   185  acres. 
Bertrand  W.  harness-maker ;  Pecatonica. 
Bessey  Anson,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

BESSEY  SOIiOX,  Farmer;  Sec.  32; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica ;  born  in  Franklin  Co., 
Vt.,  in  1809 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846 ;  has 
held  offices  of  School  Director  and  High- 
way Commissioner ;  owns  65%  acres,  value 
$60  per  acre;  married  Miss  Lydia Sumner, 
in  1833;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1819; 
has  four  children  living;  Julia  "V.,  Sarah 
J.,  Charles  H.,  and  Edna  E. ;  lost  one  son 
and  four  daughters. 

Best  H.  B.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 


Best  W.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Blair  Frank,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

BLAKE  JXO.  Farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O. 
Pecatonica;  born  in  Georgia,  Franklin  Co., 
Vt.,  March  31,  1813;  married  Aug.  13, 
1841,  to  Miss  Miranda,  daughter  of  Asa 
and  Mary  Barker,  of  Swanton ;  came  with 
his  young  wife  to  the  West  in  the/oUow- 
iug  month,  and  drove  to  Durand,  where 
he  located ;  he  drove  the  first  single  buggy 
in  that  township ;  lived  there  15  years ;  haul- 
ed his  grain,  dressed  cattle  and  hogs  to  mar- 
ket in  Chicago,  Milwaukee  and  the  Wiscon- 
sin Pineries,  over  hills,  sloughs,  and  often- 
times deep  and  turbulent  streams,  lying 
many  nights  under  the  twinkling  stars, 
contemplating  the  works  of  the  Creator  or 
listening  to  the  howling  wolves  that  not 
unfrequently  came  to  reconnoitre  the 
wagon  loaded  with  the  butter  and  cheese 
his  good  wife  had  made;  has  six  children: 
Milan  A.,  Harlow  E.,  Andrew  S.,  Hervy  J., 
Mary  A.,  and  Sarah  A. ;  aged  in  the  order 
named,  34,  31,  27,  23,  20  and  18  years; 
ll'd}^.  acres,  valued  at  $8,000 ;  Republican ; 
Methodist;  served  three  years  as  School 
Director. 

Bond  J.  S.  grain  dealer ;  Pecatonica. 

Bowerman  A.  M.  mason ;  Pecatonica. 

Brannen  G.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Brewster  B.  wagon  maker ;  Pecatonica. 

Brewster  J.  A.  wagon  maker ;  Pecatonica. 

Brown  A.  L.  farm ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Brown  A.  W.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Brown  Jas.  laborer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Brown  J.  D.  farm ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

BROWX  JXO.  Farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.O. 
Pecatonica ;  born  in  Northumberland  Co., 
Penn.,  in  1813;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1861; 
has  been  School  Director  eight  years ;  mar- 
ried Miss  Lucy  Ludwig  in  1837;  she  was 
born  in  Union  Co.,  Penn. ;  has  six  children 
living,  Margaret  J.,  Mary  H.,  John  A., 
Abram  L.,  James  D.  and  Charles  H. ;  lost 
four  sons  and  two  daughters. 

Brown  A.  John,  farmer;  Sec.  25.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

Brown  Wm.  stock  dealer ;  Pecatonica. 

Bucklin  August,  farmer ;  Pecatonica. 

Bucklin  John,  farmer ;  Pecatonica. 

BUCKLIN  L.  R.  Retired;  Pecaton- 
ica ;  born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1834 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1863 ;  owns  100  acres  of  land ;  mar- 
ried Miss  Lorinda  Salisbury  in  1850 ;  she 
was  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  has  three 
children,  Francis,  Winslow  and  Rodney; 
lost  one  daughter,  Nettie. 

Bull  D.  sewing  machine  agent;  Pecatonica. 

Burnham  Milo,  cabinet-maker;  Pecatonica. 


PECATONICA   TOWNSHIP. 


563 


Burrage  Jos.  brewer;  Pecatonica. 
Burrage  Wm.  brewer;  Pecatonica. 
Burt  A.  D.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 
Buttolph  J.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

/^^AMPBELL  A.  merchant;  Pecatonica. 

CAKI.E  EZRA  S.  Farmer;  Sec.  5; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Litchfield  Co., 
Conn.,  Sept.  24,  1797;  married  Miss  Pa- 
melia,  daughter  of  Job  and  Louisa  Fenn, 
of  that  Co.,  Jan.  1,  1826;  moved  to  Ohio; 
lived  in  Portage  Co.  8  years ;  was  Justice 
of  the  Peace ;  came  to  this  Co.  and  located 
on  his  present  farm  in  1887,  bringing  wife 
and  four  children  all  the  way  in  an  ox 
team,  3(i  days  on  the  road ;  there  were  then 
several  Vermont  and  some  Ohio  families 
in  the  settlement ;  had  seven  children,  five 
are  living;  Cornelia,  born  in  Conn.,  Nov., 
1826;  Malvina,  in  Ohio,  Dec,  1829;  Laura 
C,  Oct.,  1833;  Mary  M.,  in  this  Co.,  Nov., 
1838;  Louisa,  Nov.,  1840;  Republican; 
Independent;  was  Trustee  of  School  Fund 
and  served  two  terms  as  County  Commis- 
sioner; owns  430  acres,  valued  at  $26,000; 
his  golden  wedding  was  celebrated  in  a 
most  sumptuous  and  pleasant  manner  on 
New  Year's  day,  1876. 

Campbell  A.  merchant;  Pecatonica. 

CAMPBEJLI.  ARBA  Z.  Farmer; 
Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Durand 
Tp.,  in  1853;  owns  181  acres;  married  Miss 
Eliza  Hulse,  in  1872;  she  was  born  in  this 
Tp.;  has  one  son,  Daniel  Ward;  lost  one 
son,  Starr  Hamlin. 

Campbell  "Wm.  Pecatonica. 

CAMPBEI.I.  ZEXO  A.  Farmer; 
Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Durand 
Tp.  in  1843;  owns  253  acres;  has  held 
office  of  School  Director  and  Road  Com- 
missioner; married  Miss  Catharine  Hulse 
in  1865 ;  she  was  born  in  this  Tp. ;  has  two 
children,  Walton  and  Merton. 

Carpenter  A.  B.  wagon-maker;  Pecatonica. 

Carpenter  G.  clerk ;  Pecatonica. 

Cense  John,  mason ;  Pecatonica. 

CHAPMAX  D.  A.  Farmer;  Sec.  23; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Essex  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  in  1827;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1850;  owns 
209  acres  of  land ;  has  been  School  Direc- 
tor man  j^  years;  married  Miss  Elizabeth 
"Worcester,  in  1849 ;  she  was  born  in  N. 
Y. ;  has  seven  children  living,  Martha  S., 
Fidelia  E.,  Mary  F.,  Laratte,  Louis  A., 
Ellen  I.  and  Grace ;  lost  one  son,  "Wilbur  E. 

CHAL.MERIS  JAS.  Restaurant  and 
Confectionery;  warm  meals  at  all  hours; 
Rockford  bread  received  daily;  home- 
made pies,  cakes,  etc.;  ice  cream  by 
the  dish  or  quantity,  and  all  kinds  of 
fruits,  nuts,  canned  goods,  etc. ;  Pecaton- 
ica; born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1842;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1863 ;  enlisted  in  the  late  war  and 
served  two  years,  in  the  18th  I.  V.  I. ;  mar- 


ried Miss  Frances  Jones,  in  1863;  she  was 
born  in  N.  Y. ;  has  four  children,  Harvey, 
Bell,  Minnie  and  Aaron. 
Chandler  L.  L.  farmer;  Sec.  33.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

Chandler  "W.  S.  farmer. 

CI.ARK  HEJfRY  S.  Farmer;  Sec. 
6;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Onondaga 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  1,  1841 ;  parents  came  to 
this  Co.  when  he  was  three  years  old ;  en- 
listed May  11,  1861 ;  was  mustered  into  the 
15th  I.  V.  L,  Co.  C,  May  24,  1861;  was  in 
battle  of  Shiloh,  siege  of  Corinth,  battle  of 
Hatchie,  siege  and  battles  of  Vicksburg 
until  its  fall,  second  battle  of  Champion 
Hills,  and  Sherman's  raid  to  Meridan; 
mustered  out  at  Huntsville,  Ala.,  May  24, 
1864;  came  home;  married  Miss  Louisa, 
daughter  of  Ezra  S.  and  Pamela  Cable, 
Aug.  18,1864;  has  five  children;  Frank 
H.,  born  July  23,  1865 ;  Edith  L.,  Feb.  14, 
1867 ;  Ezra  J.,  Sept.  25,  1869 ;  Amos  C, 
Sept.  17,  1871;  Mabel,  Jan.  12,  1874;  lives 
in  the  homestead  of  his  father,  James  M. 
Clark,  who  is  now  in  his  73d  year,  having 
only  one  other  living  child,  John  F.,  whose 
home  is  in  Iowa ;  Henry  S.  owns  80  acres 
in  Durand  Tp.,  valued  at  $4,000 ;  Republi- 
can ;  Independent ;  has  been  Commissioner 
of  Highways,  Collector  and  School  Di- 
rector. 

CliARK  JAS.  Retired  Farmer;  Peca- 
tonica; born  in  Norfolk,  England,  in  1804; 
came  to  this  country  in  1836;  lived  in  N. 
Y.  three  years,  and  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1839 ;  owns  120  acres ;  married  Miss  Phoebe 
Newton,  in  1825 ;  she  was  born  in  England, 
and  died  in  1874;  has  eight  children  liv- 
ing, John,  Robert,  James  N.,  Franklin, 
Newell  D.,  Duane  O.,  Margaret  and  Eliz- 
abeth; lost  two  daughters,  Martha  and 
Emily ;  one  son,  Isaac,  enlisted  in  the  74th 
I.  V.  I.,  and  died  from  wounds  received  at 
the  battle  of  Kenesaw  Mountain. 

Clark  N.  D.  carpenter ;  Pecatonica. 

Clark  Richard,  carpenter ;  Pecatonica. 

Coffin  R.  B. farmer;  Sec.33;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Colberg  J.  B.  wagon-maker;  Pecatonica. 

Colburg  John,  wagon-maker ;  Pecatonica. 

COL.BY  XATE  li.,  of  the  Pecaton- 
ica Neicis ;  born  in  Beloit,  Wis.,  in  1854; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1872;  is  associated  with 
his  brother  under  the  name  of  Colby 
Brothers,  as  editors  and  publishers  of  the 
Pecatonica  News. 

COIiBY  TV.  A.  Editor  Pecatonica 
Neics;  horn  in  Fall  River,  Mass.,  in  1846; 
lived  in  Beloit,  Wis.,  25  years  previous  to 
his  removal  to  this  Co.  in  1872;  he  is 
associated  with  his  brother  in  editing  and 
publishing  the  Pecatonica  Netcs,  and  at 
that  time  the  only  paper  published  in  the 
Co.  outside  of  Rockford;  married  Miss 
Millie  B.  Quaile,  in  1873 ;  she  was  born  in 
N.  Y. ;  have  two  children,  Jessie  and  Effle. 


564 


WINNEBAGO   COUNIT   DIBECTOKY! 


COIiBY  BRO!l$.  Publishers  and  pro- 
prietors PecHtouica  News,  published  every 
Saturday  morning. 

Cole  Wm.  organ  artist;  Pecatonica. 

COIiEMAN  R.  B.  Grocer;  Pecaton- 
ica; born  in  N.  Y.  in  1832;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1889;  owns  329  acres  of  land  in  this 
Co.,  and  is  the  oldest  house  in  trade  in  the 
town;  married  Miss  Emily  F.  Thompson 
in  1847;  she  was  born  in  Ohio;  have  one 
child,  Lizzie. 

Coleman  A.  L.  teamster ;  Pecatonica. 

CoUison  Augustus,  farmer;  P.O. Pecatonica. 

Collison  Chas.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Colvin  P.  patent  right  dealer;  Pecatonica. 

Constine  Mike,  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Cook  H.  M.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Coolidge  N.  T.  agricult'l  imps. ;  Pecatonica. 

Coon  Chas.  egg  dealer ;  Pecatonica. 

Corwin  E.  W.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Corwin  S.  A.  brick  manufacturer. 

Cross  Thomas,  butcher ;  Pecatonica. 

CROWIiEY  YT.  A.  Hardware,  Agri- 
cultural Implements,  etc.;  Pecatonica; 
born  Vt.  June,  1819;  came  to  this  Co.  1837; 
owns  240  acres,  value  $55  per  acre ;  has 
held  office  School  Director,  Collector  and 
Town  Trustee;  married  Miss  Eliza  JST. 
Campbell  1841,  born  inVt. ;  have  seven 
children :  Flavilla,  Flora  M.,  Laura,  Wm. 
A.,  Eddie  P.,  Newman,  Sarah  E. ;  estab- 
lished the  first  hardware  store  in  Pecatonica 
in  the  autumn  of  1854. 

CROW1.EY  W.  A.  &  SOX,  Deal- 
ers in  Light  and  Heavy  Hardware,  Stoves, 
Tinware,  Wood  Stock  and  Agricultural 
Implements. 

DANFORTH     SYLVESTER,     retired; 
Pecatonica. 
Darrington  W.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 
Davenport  Thos.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Day  W.  G.  carpenter ;  Pecatonica. 
Dayly  James,  Pecatonica. 
DeCote  John,  painter ;  Pecatonica. 
DeCote  Joseph,  fiirmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

BET^VILLER  HEXRY,  Farmer; 
Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  France 
1823;  came  to  this  Co.  1871;  owns  117 
acres;  married  Miss  Charlotte  Bloch  1847, 
born  in  France ;  have  eight  children :  Char- 
lotte, Henry,  Caroline,  Katie,  Minnie, 
Louisa,  Sophia  and  Christine;  lost  one 
son  and  one  daughter. 

BIXOX  JOHI(r  P.  Livery  Stable; 
Pecatonica;  born  Ohio  1830;  came  to  this 
Co.  1850 ;  married  Miss  H.  L.  Stevens  1855, 
born  in  N.  Y. ;  has  held  offices  Constable 
and  Town  Trustee. 

BlXOIi"  JOSEPH,  Grocer;  Pecaton- 
ica; born  England  1839;  came  to  this  Co. 
1871;   married   Miss  Jennie  Clark,  born 


Syracuse,  N.  Y. ;  have  one  adopted  daugh- 
ter, Carrie. 

Disbrow  A.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

Doliver  G.  B.  musician ;  Pecatonica. 

Doty  M.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Dunbar  H.S.  mason  and  plasterer  ;Pecatonica. 

ASON  GILES, blacksmith;  Pecatonica. 


E 


Eaton  H.J.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.O. Pecatonica. 
Eddy  David,  retired ;  Pecatonica. 
Edwards  H.  plasterer ;  Pecatonica. 
Eggleston  A.  farm ;  Sec.  13 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica 
Eggleston  O.  farm;  Sec.  13;  P.O. Pecatonica. 
Eggleston  Wm.  blacksmith ;  Pecatonica. 
Elliot  G.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

EMERY   S.  S.  Druggist;    Pecatonica 
born  Ohio  1836 ;   came  to  this  Co.   1839 
associated  in  business  with  Z.  A.  Trull 
has  held  office  School  Director  6  years,  is 
President  of  the  Board ;  married  Miss  Marv 
S.  Hisey  1863,  born   in   Springfield,  O.""; 
have     six    children:     Estie    B.,     Forest, 
Wilbur,  Frank,  Daisy  and  Charles. 

EMERY  &  TRUIili,  Druggists  and 

Pharmaceutists. 
Erwin  James,  track  boss ;  Pecatonica. 
Eveleth  W.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

FARWEEL.  H.  B.  Attorney;  Peca- 
tonica ;  born  Stephenson  Co.  1845 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  1860;  has  held  offices  of  Justice 
of  Peace  and  Police  Magistrate;  married 
Miss  N.  F.  Fleming  1870,  born  in  Durand 
Tp.,  this  Co.;  have  one  child,  Birdena; 
lost  one  child. 

FEETS  A.  M.  Groceries,  etc.;  Peca- 
tonica ;  born  Durand  Tp.,  this  Co  ,  1837 ; 
owns  193  acres  land ;  married  Miss  Fla- 
villa Crowley  1863,  born  in  this  Co.  May 
5,  1841 ;  have  one  child,  Flora  A. 

Ferguson  Marshal,  farmer;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

Ferguson  Monroe,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Fisk  J.  W.  miller;  Pecatonica. 

FEEMIUfG-  E.  Contractor  and  Builder; 
Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y.  in  1838;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1867 ;  owns  80  acres ;  married 
Miss  Mary  Conger  in  1861 ;  she  was  born 
in  N.  Y. ;  have  four  children :  Fred,  Isra- 
ella,  Frank  and  Maud;  he  enlisted  in  the 
9th  N.  Y.  Heavy  Artillery  and  served  two 
years. 

Floden  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Floren  Alfred,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Flowers  L.  D.  cooper;  Pecatonica. 

Foster  J.  lime  burner;  S.  10;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

Foster  N.  T.  lime  burner;  Sec.  10;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 

Fowler  R.  M.  barber;  Pecatonica. 

French  Everett,  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

French  F.  photographer;  Pecatonica. 


PEOATONICA    TOWNSHIP. 


565 


FREXCH  IRVIN,  Dealer  in  Lumber, 
Lath,  Shingles,  Cedar  Posts,  Sash,  Doors 
and  Blinds,  at  lowest  rates;  come  and  see 
me;  I  sell  only  Michigan  Lumber,  best  of 
Fencing  and  Common  Lumber;  anyone 
in  need  of  Window  Blinds,  or  Door  and 
Window  Screens,  will  do  well  to  call  and 
see  stock  and  samples;  Pecatonica.  Born 
in  Oliio  in  18o;i;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1849; 
has  held  otiices  of  Supervisor,  School 
Trustee,  etc. ;  married  Miss  Sarah  Whit- 
tlesey, March  8,  180U;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio;  have  three  children:  Josephine, 
Nellie  and  Gertie. 

Fuller  T.  W.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Funnel  Geo.  stock  dealer;  Pecatonica. 

Funnel  Jas.  butcher;  Pecatonica. 

GARVER  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  39;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 

OAFFIEf  HARVEY,  Retired  Farm- 
er; Pecatonica;  born  in  Upper  Canada  in 
1829 ;  came  to  this  State  in  1837,  and  to 
this  Co.  in  1873 ;  owns  12  acres  land ;  mar- 
ried Miss  Mary  West  in  1855,  who  was 
born  in  N.  Y. ;  have  three  children :  James, 
Otha,  Frances. 

Garver  M.  L.  farmer ;  Sec.  39. 

Gill  John,  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

Golly  Andy,  telegraph  operator ;  Pecatonica. 

Golly  A.  A.  baker ;  Pecatonica. 

Golly  Thomas,  horse  dealer ;  Pecatonica. 

Goodrich  Chancey,  Pecatonica. 

€}001>RI€H  liEWIS,  Teacher;  Pe- 
catonica; born  in  N.  Y.  in  1840;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  June,  1854;  has  been  Principal 
of  the  School  at  this  place  over  six  years; 
'  married  Miss  Laura  Campbell  in  Dec, 
1873;  she  was  born  in  Vt.,  and  died  July 
16,  1876;  has  one  child,  Lewis. 

Goodwell  Ford,  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Gorham  Geo.  blacksmith ;  Pecatonica. 

Gorman  D. 

C^OUCHER  HEXRY  B.,   M.  D., 

Physician  and  Furniture  Dealer;  Peca- 
tonica- born  in  O.,  Nov.  13,  1810;  came  to 
this  Co.  Dec.  35,  1855 ;  married  Miss  A. 
McCormick  in  1831 ;  she  was  born  in 
Penn.,  and  died  in  I860;  he  again  married 
Mrs.  Delia  A.  Walker  in  1873 ;  she  was 
born  in  N.  J. ;  has  four  children :  William 
M.,  Nancy  R.  and  Marceneus  C.  by  former 
marriage;  one  daughter,  Floretta  Mabel, 
by  second  marriage. 

Graves  Frank,  mason ;  Pecatonica. 

Groves  T.  D.  jeweler;  Pecatonica. 

OREE^  EIiBRIl>GE,  Farmer;  Sec. 
33;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Mass.  in 
1810;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855;  married 
Miss  Mary  Ann  Brewer  in  1836 ;  she  was 
born  in  Mass. ;  have  six  children :  Maria 
A.,  Sarah,  George,  Louisa,  Emily,  Leonard ; 
lost  one  son  and  two  daughters. 


Green  Ezra,  retired  farmer;  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

OUirFORU  ELIJAH  «.  Farmer; 
Sec;.  28;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Mass. 
in  1834;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1835;  owns 
430  acres  land ;  Mr.  Guilford  is  one  of  the 
oldest  settlers  of  the  Co. ;  has  held  office  of 
Town  Trustee;  married  Miss  Jane  Butler 
in  1853 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. 

Guilford  S.  farmer ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

HAGGLUND    PETER,    farmer;    P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 
Hallick  A.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  33.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 
Hallick  Reuben,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Hallick  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.   33.  P.  O.  Peca- 
touica. 

Hamilton  C.  farm;  Sec.  19;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

HAMIIiTON  R.  O.,  II.  ».,  Physi- 
cian and  Surgeon;  Pecatonica;  born  in 
Me.  in  1838;  came  to  this  State  in  1848, 
and  to  this  Co.  in  1874;  married  Miss 
Mary  Home  in  1853,  who  was  born  in  Old- 
town,  Me. ;  have  two  children :  Harlus  W. 
and  Royal  Graves. 

Hance  Eugene,  farmer;  Sec.  13.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

Hance  Ogdin,  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

Hance  Royal,  farmer;  Sec.  13.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

Hance  Thomas,  stock  dealer ;  Pecatonica. 

Harril  John  A.  clerk ;  Pecatonica. 

Harley  Robert,  butter  dealer. 

Harrensten  John,  grocer ;  Pecatonica. 

Hassel  Fred,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Hasting  J.  L.  manufacturer;  Pecatonica. 

HAUOHTON  AAROJf,  Farmer  and 
Blacksmith;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Pecatonica; 
born  in  Cheshire,  Eng.,  Sept.  8,  1834; 
came  with  parents  to  this  Co.  in  1843; 
married  Miss  Ann  M.,  daughter  of  Samuel 
and  Lydia  Sarver,  Feb.  33,  1858 ;  she  was 
born  in  Bradford  Co.,  Penn.,  May  1,  1840; 
have  five  children:  Altlia  I.,  born  May  30, 
1860;  Lewis  F.,  April  9,  1864;  Ettie  A., 
July  17,  1866;  Lydia  J.,  Feb.  17,  1871; 
Edith  A.,  June  7,  1873 ;  served  in  Co.  C, 
146th  L  V.  I.,  from  Aug.  30,  1864,  until 
close  of  war;  honorably  discharged  at 
Cairo,  June  13,  1865;  owns  137  acres, 
valued  at  $5,480;  Independent  in  politics 
and  religion ;  is  Commissioner  of  High- 
ways and  School  Director. 

Haughton  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Haughton  J.  farm ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

HAITGHTOX  XYE,  Farmer;  Sec.  10; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  England  in 
1838 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1843 ;  owns  100 
acres  land;  married  Miss  S.  C.  Sarver  in 
1859;  she  was  born  in  Penn.;  have  three 
children :  Effie  E.,  Alice  C.  and  Jessie  J. 

Hawbright  Jos.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 


566 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIBECTOKT: 


Henderson  Alick,  barber;  Pecatonica. 
Henderson  J.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  33.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

Hewit  E.  W.  painter ;  Pecatonica. 
Hibbard  Henry,  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 
Hibbard  Wm.  painter;  Pecatonica. 
Hitclicocli  Geo.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Hill  E.  railroad  hand. 
Hill  Webb,  salesman ;  Pecatonica. 
Holemburg  Gus,  farmer ;  P.O. Pecatonica. 
Hobsou  W.  tarmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

HOIiliE^fBECK  SIL.AS  C.  Farm- 
er; Sec  32;  P.O. Pecatonica;  born  in  Ohio 
in  1824;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845;  owns 
192  acres ;  holds  offices  of  Supervisor  and 
Road  Commissioner;  married  Mary  A. 
Reed  in  1848;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ; 
have  three  children :  Francis  A.,  Julia  and 
Edward  H. ;  lost  one  son. 

Holmes  James,  miller;  Pecatonica. 

Hooker  Geo.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Hubbard  Rev.  G.  B.  clergyman. 

Hulse  Enos,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Hulse  Jacob  E.  farmer;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Hulse  J.  S.  stock  dealer ;  Pecatonica. 

TACKSOIS'  JOHX  D.  Cooper  and 
»J  General  Auctioneer ;  Pecatonica ;  born  in 
England  in  1831 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
has  held  office  of  Supervisor  2  years  and 
School  Director  9  years;  married  Miss 
Prudence  Button  in  1854 ;  she  was  born  in 
England;  have  ten  children:  Emma  D., 
Linnia  J.,  Edward  S.,  Mary  B.,  Nettie, 
Stella,  Walter,  Charles,  Mabel,  and  J.  D. ; 
lost  one  daugliter,  Nellie. 

JAYGAR  OLIVER,  Farmer;  Sec. 
31 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica ;  born  in  N.  Y.  in  1818 ; 
came  to  this  State  in  1837 ;  was  engaged 
in  business  as  a  painter  for  25  years  in 
Chicago;  married  Mrs.  Maria  Halstead  in 
1865,  daughter  of  Elbridge  Green,  Esq. ; 

•  have  four  children:  Edward  G.,  Laura B., 
Howard  O.  and  Harry  J.;  owns  105  acres; 
his  lather  settled  in  this  place  in  1838. 

Johnson  Wilson,  farmer;  P.O. Pecatonica. 

Jordan  T.  A.,  M.  D.,  physician;  Pecatonica. 

JU1>D  CYRUS  B.  Farmer;  Sec.  14; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  St.  Lawrence 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1838;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1854;  owns  190  acres  land;  married  Miss 
Maria  Kellogg,  Dec.  26,  I860;  she  was 
born  in  same  place ;  have  one  daughter, 
Laura  Belle;  has  been  School  Director  7 
years. 

Judd  John  B.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Judd  J.  L.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

KEATING  JAMES,  farmer;  Sec.  16. 
P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Keatmg  J.  H.  farmer ;  Sec.  16.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 


Keating  Michael,  farmer ;  Sec.  16.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

Kendrick  Rufus,  butcher ;  Pecatonica. 

Kendrick  T.  H.  butcher ;  Pecatonica. 

Kerr  J.  R.  station  agent ;  Pecatonica. 

Kerr  Peter,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Kerr  Peter,  Jr.,  fireman;  Pecatonica. 

Keyes  Geo.  W.  stationer;  Pecatonica. 

Kidder  B.  F.  farmer ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O. Pecatonica. 

KIDDER  E.  E.  Retired;  Pecatonica; 
born  in  Ohio,  in  1832;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1861;  owns  120  acres  land;  lived  in  Cali- 
fornia 10  years  previous  to  his  coming  to 
this  Co. ;  holds  office  of  Assessor ;  married 
Miss  Celia  Searls,  in  1866;  she  was  born 
in  Ohio ;  have  two  children,  Nellie  E.  and 
Ernest  R. ;  lost  three. 

Kirk  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  33 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Kling  Gus,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Kling  Joel,  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 

KIVO^WETOX  H.  W.  Banker;  Peca- 
tonica; born  in  Freeport,  Stephenson  Co., 
in  1839;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1873,  and  es- 
tablished, in  connection  with  his  father 
and  brothers,  the  present  bank,  of  which 
he  is  Cashier;  he  married  Miss  Kate 
Alton,  in  1862;  she  was  born  in  Dunkirk, 
N.  Y. 

KNOWETON  BROS.  Proprietors 
Pecatonica  Bank;  receive  deposits,  buy 
approved  paper,  buy  and  sell  exchange, 
and  do  a  general  banking  business. 

Kurch  Peter,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

EE  JAMES,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 


L 


EATHAM  C.  H.,  IE  D.  Physician ;  Pe- 
catonica; born  in  Jo  Daviess  Co.,  in  1853; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1876;  he  married  Miss 
Lillie  Underwood,  in  1876;  she  was  born 
in  Mass. 

Leland  James,  carpenter ;  Pecatonica. 

Linquist  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Lonburg  Peter,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

EOVEEESS  ANDREW  J.  Black- 
smith; Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in 
Bradford  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1833 ;  married  Miss 
Deborah  C,  daughter  of  Thomas  and 
Hester  Brown,  of  that  Co.,  Sept.  29,  1860; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1861 ;  enlisted  in  1st 
111.  Lt.  Art.,  Capt.  J.  Cheney,  Aug.  15, 
1862;  served  3  years;  was  in  battles  of  At- 
lanta, Jackson,  Dalton,  Pine  Mountain, 
Peach  Tree  Creek,  Buzzard  Roost,  Mis- 
sion Ridge,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Jones- 
boro,  and  others  through  the  campaign  to 
the  last  battle  of  Nashville;  was  honor- 
ably discharged,  at  Chicago,  July  15, 1865 ; 
has  five  children :  Adrian,  born  Feb.  23, 
1862;  Amelia  C,  Aug.  11,  1867;  Perley, 
Sept.  9,  1871;  Andrew  A.,  July  3,  1874; 
Susan,  May  10,  1876;  Independent  in 
politics  and  religion. 


/ 


^ 


PECATONICA 


PEOATONICA   TOWNSHIP. 


569 


Lynnybcrg  N.  painter;  Pecatouica. 


M 


cCARTY  JERRY,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 


McDowell  Thos.  laborer ;  Pecatoaica. 
McFarland  J.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
3IcFarland  J.  farm;  Sec.  4;  P.O. Pecatonica. 
McLaughlin  Pat.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatouica. 
Maguire  Dr.  veterinary  surgeon ;  Pecatonica. 
Malouey  John,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Marks  G.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Marstou  C.  A.  clerk;  Pecatonica. 
Marston  C.  N.  clerk;  Pecatonica. 
Martin  Perry,  teacher;  Pecatonica. 
Maryhen  A.  J.  retired;  Pecatonica. 
Maynard  A.  S.  butter  dealer;  Pecatonica. 
Merrill  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Milkes  Tlios.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Milu  G.  B.  grocer;  Pecatonica. 
Milne  Robert,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Miller  A.  G.  retired ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

MIIiliER  CHARIiES  W.  Justice 
of  the  Peace;  Collection,  Insurance,  and 
Real  Estate;  all  business  attended  to  with 
promptness  and  accuracy;  Pecatonica; 
born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1842;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1844;  enlisted  in  134th  111. 
Inf.  in  the  late  war ;  has  held  office  of  Po- 
lice Magistrate  4  years  previous  to  his 
election  of  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Miller  Giles,  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

Miller  Henry,  Pecatonica. 

Miller  J.  C. 

Misson  A.  farmer;  P..0.  Pecatonica. 

Misson  Henry,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Mitchell  Abraham,  Street  Com ;  Pecatonica. 

Mitchell  David,  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

Mitchell  Wm.  cooper;  Pecatonica. 

Morgan  T.  P.  grain  buyer. 

Morse  T.  J.  bridge  builder;  Pecatonica. 

Mullican  J.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Murphy  Mike,  blacksmith;  Pecatonica. 

MYERS  C.  Farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica;  born  in  Germany,  in  1843; 
came  to  this  country  in  1857,  and  to  this 
Co.  in  1860;  owns  135  acres;  married 
Miss  Rena  Atwood,  in  1868;  has  one 
child;  lost  four. 

Myers  Joseph,  farmer. 

NAGLE  JACOB,  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 
Neigh  Amos,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Nelsen  G.,  Sr.,  retired ;  Pecatonica. 
Nelson  John,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

NEWEIili  D.  Physician  and  Surgeon; 
born  in  Penn.,  in  1832 ;  came  to  this  state 
in  1856 ;  to  this  Co.  in  1867 ;  practiced  his 
profession    for  20  years;    married    Miss 


Hawkins  in  1864;  sae  was  born  in  N.  Y.' 
and  died  in  1866;  in  1875,  he  married 
Mrs.  J.  B.  Thoyipson,  who  was  born  in 
N.  Y. ;  had  one  child  by  first  marriage, 
Albert  Hawkins. 

Newton  G.  A.  shoe  maker.  Pecatonica. 

Newton  H.  B.  painter ;  Pecatonica. 

Norton  C.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

9BRIEN  John,  Jr.,  clerk;  Pecatonica. 


o 


O'BRIEX  .TAMES,  Proprietor  Peca- 
tonica House;  this  house  is  kept  in  a  flrst- 
class  style,  is  convenient  to  the  depot,  and 
is  fitted  up  in  good  condition  for  the  ac- 
commodation and  comfort  of  guests ;  terms 
reasonable;  good  stabling  in  connection 
with  the  hotel ;  Mr.  O'Brien  was  born  in 
N.  Y.,  in  1837;  came  to  Wisconsin  in 
1855;  to  this  Co.  in  1874;  married  Miss 
Annie  Simpson,  who  was  born  in  England ; 
have  two  children,  Mamie  and  Willie; 
lost  one  daughter,  Nellie. 

O'Brien  J.  foreman  lumber  yard ;  Pecatonica. 

Olin  Dyer,  carpenter ;  Pecatonica. 

Olin  Norman,  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 

OEIVER  OEORGE,  Farmer;  Sec. 
23;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  England, 
April  12,  1815;  came  to  this  country  in 
1840;  he  owns  201  acres;  married  Miss 
Sarah  Hill  in  1838;  she  was  born  in 
England ;  have  three  sons,  George,  John, 
James ;  lost  five  sons  and  two  daughters. 

Oliver  G.,  Jr.,  farm;  Sec.23;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

OEIVER  JAMES,  Proprietor  Peca- 
tonica Carriage  Factory ;  Manufacturer  of 
Fine  Carriages,  Buggies,  Wagons,  etc., 
also  general  jobbing  and  repairing  neatly 
done;  horse  shoeing  and  all  kinds  of 
iron  work  done  on  short  notice ;  prices  as 
low  as  the  lowest ;  he  was  born  in  N.  Y., 
in  1851 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  has  been 
established  in  business  2  years. 

Oliver  J.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

PA8H  PETER,  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 

PADD^^CK  E.  A.  Merchant;  Peca- 
tonica; born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1846;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1868 ;  he  is  associated  with  B. 
D.  Perley  in  business  as  General  Dealers 
in  Hardware,  Groceries,  Boots  and  Shoes, 
etc.;  he  married  Miss  Ella  E.  Perley,  in 
1870,  who  was  born  in  Stephenson  Co.; 
has  two  children,  Genevieve  and  Anna. 

Past  T.  B. 

Patridge  E.  C.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Patterson  David,  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Patterson  W.  R.  mason ;  Pecatonica. 

Perley  B.  D.  merchant;  Pecatonica. 

Perley  E.  D.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

PEREEY  PUTMEIN",  Retired;  Pec- 
atonica; born  in  Essex  Co.,  Mass.,  in 
1810 ;  came  to  this  state  in  1838 ;  owns  20 


570 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


acres ;  has  held  offices  of  School  Director, 
Assessor,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace ;  also 
Treasurer  of  the  school  fund  while  living 
in  Stephenson  Co. ;  he  married  Miss  Sarah 
P.  Dow,  in  1834,  who  was  born  in  Mass., 
and  died  in  1847 ;  he  afterwards  married 
Miss  Hannah  K.  Morrill,  in  1849;  she 
was  born  in  N.  H. ;  has  four  children, 
Frederick  P.,  Benjamin  D.,  Ella  E.,  and 
Joseph  W. 

PER1.EY  &  PADDOCK,  Dealers 
in  Hardware,  Groceries,  Boots  and  Shoes. 

Peterson  Abi-am  J.  carpenter ;  Pecatonica. 

Peterson  Andrew,  farmer;  F.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Peterson  Clias.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Peterson  Gus.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Peterson  J.  O.  tailor;  Pecatonica. 

Peterson  John,   farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Peterson  Swan,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Pettibone  E.  D.  blacksmith ;  Pecatonica. 

Plato  A.  merchant;  Pecatonica. 

Plato  Byron,  salesman ;  Pecatonica. 

Plumb  J.  M.  painter;  Pecatonica. 

Pomeroy  T.  A.  carpenter ;  Pecatonica. 

Prisler  Geo.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

PRISIiEB  JOSEPH,  Farmer;  Sec. 
14;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.  in 
1809;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1843 ;  owns  160 
acres  land ;  he  married  Elizabeth  Johnson 
in  1845 ;  she  was  born  in  Penn. ;  has  one 
son',  Geo.  W. 

Putney  P.  O.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

EAD  DANIEL,  merchant;  Pecatonica. 


R 


Read  J.  A. 

Redlin  Chas.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 
Redlin  Wm.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Richardson  D.  farm ;  S.  7 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Richardson  P.  farm ;  S.  7 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

ROBERTS  WAI.TER,  Confection- 
ery and  Restaurant ;  Pecatonica ;  born  in 
N.  Y.;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1872;  is  asso- 
ciated in  business  with  Geo.  Lawson;  style 
of  firm,  Roberts  &  Lawson. 

ROBERTS    &   liAlVSOX,  Restau- 
rant and  Confectionery. 
Rodd  Jolm,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 
Rodd  John,  Jr.  tailor ;  Pecatonica. 
Rogers  Aaron,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Rogers  C.  P.  night  watchman ;  Pecatonica. 
Rogers  G.  D.  cabinet  maker ;  Pecatonica. 
Rogers  John,  painter ;  Pecatonica. 
Rogers  O.  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Rogers  S.  R.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 
Rork  W.  S.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 
Rowley  S.  B.  shoemaker ;  Pecatonica. 
Rundell  S. 
Runion  Geo.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 


Ryan  John,  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 
Ryan  S.  J.  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 

SABIN  S.  cabinet  maker  and   furniture 
dealer;  Pecatonica. 

SAIilSBlTBY  FBAIUfCIS,  Farmer 
and  Merchant;  Pecatonica;  born  m  N.  Y., 
in  1822;  came  to  this  State  in  1854;  owns 
253  acres  land  in  this  State,  and  640  acres 
in  Iowa;  has  held  office  of  Supervisor; 
he  married  Miss  Jane  Scott  in  1845,  she 
was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  have  six  children, 
Mary,  Frances,  Franklin  E.,  Jennie,  Sarah 
and  Douglass;  lost  one  son  and  one 
daughter. 

Salisbury  Frank,  grocer;  Pecatonica. 

SALISBURY    &    HABBEX- 

STEIN,  Dealers  in  Groceries,  Boots 
and  Shoes. 

Salisbury  Wm.  stock  buyer;  Pecatonica. 

Sanborn  Geo.  grain  and  stock  dealer ;  Peca- 
tonica. 

SAlJlfDEBS  B.  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  25; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  North  Wilkes, 
Eng.,  in  1828;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1849; 
owns  970  acres  farming  land  and  261 
acres  timber;  has  been  School  Director 
many  years;  married  Miss  Emily  Anyon, 
in  1850;  she  was  born  in  London,  Eng. ; 
have  ten  children,  Frederick  R.,  Annie  B., 
Marian  C,  Thos.  H.,  Frank  E.,  Walter  S., 
Herbert  E.,  Richard  S.,  Alice  E.  and  Geo. 
M. ;  lost  one  daughter,  Florence. 

Scanlon  Pat,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Scott  Robt.  stock  dealer;  Pecatonica. 

Segeistrom  L.  merchant;  Pecatonica. 

Seymour  A.  J.  Lightning  Cure  mnfr. ;  Pec- 
atonica. 

SHAIVE  JAS.  J.  Carpenter  and 
Builder;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born 
Wilmington,  Will  Co.,  May  24,  1847; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1863 ;  married  Adeline, 
daughter  of  Samuel  and  Lydia  Sarver, 
July  7,  1869 ;  have  two  children,  Emily 
Gemellah,  born  March  5,  1870;  Elmer 
Ellsworth,  March  21,  1877 ;  Independent 
in  religion  and  politics ;  went  to  Chicago 
after  the  great  fire,  worked  there  at  his 
trade  two  years,  and  returned. 

Shane  Jos.  carpenter-;  Pecatonica. 

Shaver  Harvey,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

SHEPABD  C.  C.  Dealer  in  Groceries, 
Provisions,  Crockery  and  Glassware ;  Pec- 
atonica; born  in  Mass.  in  1835;  came  to 
this  State  in  1854 ;  married  Miss  Elizabeth 
Palmer  in  1854;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y., 
and  died  in  1855;  holds  office  of  Town 
Clerk. 

Shepherd  Frank,  paper  and  rag  dealer ;  Pec- 
atonica. 

Shepherd  J.  M.  constable ;  Pecatonica. 

Shepherd  S.  F.  clei'k ;  Pecatonica. 

Sherman  A.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 


PECATONICA   TOWNSHIP. 


571 


Simmon  E.  E.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

SI1IM4)XS  C.  A.  Farmer;  See.  27; 
P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  jMedina  Co.,  O., 
in  1^85;  came  to  tliis  Co.  in  185;};  owns 
113  acres  land;  lias  held  oflice  of  School 
Director;  married  Miss  Mary  A.  Hutch- 
ins,  in  1855;  she  was  born  m  N.  Y. ;  have 
six  children,  Calvin,  Ellen,  Stella,  Anna, 
Austin  and  Fred. 

Simmers  Geo.  painter;  Pecatonica. 

Smith  H.  R.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

SMITH  ISAAC  O.  Farmer;  Sec.  4; 
P.  O. Pecatonica;  born  in  Illinois,  in  1844; 
came  to  this  Co.  same  year;  holds  office  of 
School  Director;  owns  40  acres  land;  he 
married  Miss  Mary  Hulse,  in  1869;  she 
was  born  in  this  section ;  have  three  chil- 
dren, Mary  Belle,  Oscar  B.,  and  Chip  A. 

Sodders  Henry,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Sprague  Philander,  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Stenston  Mike,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Stewart  Geo.  gardener;  Pecatonica. 

STEVEXS  €.  €.  Harness  Maker; 
Justice  of  the  Peace;  collections,  etc., 
promptly  attended  to;  Pecatonica;  born 
in  N.  Y.,  in  1832;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855; 
has  held  offices  cf  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
Town  Trustee,  etc.;  married  Miss  Augusta 
Cleaveland,  in  1854;  she  was  born  in  N. 
Y. ;  have  two  children,  Frank  C.  and  Em- 
ma E. 

iSTEVJEKS  (C.  C.)  &  SOX,  Harness 
Maker.s. 

Stevens  E.  C.  retired ;  Pecatonica. 

Stevens  F.  C.  harness  maker;  Pecatonica. 

STITSEL.  D.  A.  Dealer  in  Hardware, 
Iron,  ifcc;  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.,  in 
1828 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  18g4 ;  has  held 
office  of  School  Director;  married  Miss 
Mary  N.  B.  Brown,  in  1861 ;  she  was  born 
in  Mass. 

Stockburger  Dan.  blacksmith;  Pecatonica. 

Stockberger  Chris,  farm;   P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Stockberger  Fred,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Stockberger  F.,  Jr.  blacksmith;  Pecatonica. 

Stork  John,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

STRUXK  PETER  ^V.  Carpenter 
and  Builder;  Pecattmica;  born  in  Penn., 
in  1842;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1863;  enlisted 
in  143d  I.  V.  I.,  and  served  till  the  close 
of  the  war;  married  Miss  L.  Rogers,  in 
1874 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. 

Swarts  Phil,  clerk;  Pecatonica. 

Swift  E.  D.  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 

Swift  Leonard,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

TAYLOR  JOHN,   farmer;  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 
Taylor  Lyman,  organ  grinder;  Pecatonica. 
Terney  Frank,  blacksmith ;  Pecatonica. 

THOMFSOX  ABRAHAM,  Farm- 
er;   Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;   born  in 


Ohio,  in  1825;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1840; 
owns  100  acres  land ;  has  held  office  of 
School  Director;  he  married  Miss  S. 
Downs,  Sept.  4,  1847;  she  was  born  in 
Conn.;  have  ten  children  living,  Frank, 
Ellen,  Albert,  Melvina,  Hcnrj%  Bertha, 
William,  Minnie,  p]ddie,  and  Charlie; 
lost  one  son. 

Thomson  A.  farm;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Thomson  A.  W.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Thomson  J.  M.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Thomson  J.  W.  retired;  Pecatonica. 

Tierney  Wm.  blacksmith ;  Pecatonica. 

Tollman  Fred,  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Tollman  Henry,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

TOWX  O.  C.  Postmaster;  Pecatonica; 
born  in  Penn.,  in  1841 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
the  same  j'ear;  enlisted  in  the  lltli  I.V.I., 
and  served  4  years;  has  held  office  of 
Town  Trustee  and  Town  Treasi;rer ;  mar- 
ried Miss  A.  Crary,  in  1865 ;  she  was  born 
in  Ohio. 

TRUL.E  Z.  A.  Druggist;  Pecatonica; 
born  in  N.  H.,  in  1841,  and  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1850;  is  member  of  the  firm  of 
Emery  &  Trull;  married  Mrs.  M.  D. 
Belden,  in  1875;  she  was  born  in  Fre- 
donia,  N.  Y. ;  two  children,  Florence  and 
Linnie. 

Tuttle  Henry,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

TUTTEE  ISAAC  C.  Farmer;  Sec. 
34;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  H.,  in 
1820;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1862;  owns  140 
acres  land ;  has  been  School  Director  and 
Town  Trustee ;  married  Louisa  J.  Low,  in 
1846,  who  was  bora  in  the  same  place ; 
have  six  children,  Henrj^  C,  Jacob  E., 
Hattie  L.,  Daniel  P.,  Frank  S.,  and 
George  I. 

VANANTWERP  ADAM,  farmer;    Sec. 
33 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Vanantwerp  Geo.   farmer;    Sec.    33.   P.   O. 

Pecatonica. 
Vanantwerp  Miron ;  farmer ;  Sec.  33.  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 

VAX  DYKE  A.  S.  Attorney;  Peca- 
tonica; born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1810;  came  to 
this  State  in  1841,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
has  held  offices  ol"  Town  Clerk,  School 
Director,  Supenisor,  Justice  of  the  Peace 
and  County  Judge;  married  Miss  Mary 
Bui'bank  in  1844;  she  was  born  in  Ver- 
mont; has  one  child,  Mrs.  S.  M.  Grover, 
wife  of  F.  D.  Grover. 

VAX  ETTEX  BEXJ.  Farmer; 
Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y., 
Feb.  28,  1804;  came  to  this  Co.  July  16, 
1837;  owms  162  acres  land;  had  held  office 
of  School  Director  and  Treasurer  School 
Fund;  married  Miss  A.  Grover,  in  1837; 
she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  has  three  children 
living,  Thomas,  Mary  and  Frank;  lost  one 
danghter,  Ruth. 


572 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


Van  Elten  F.  farm ;  Sec.22;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Van  Kirk  Geo.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Van  Kirk  W.  B.farm :  S.13 ;  P.  O.Pecatonica. 

VAX  KIRK  YFM.  P.  Farmer;  Sec. 
13;  P.  O.Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  J.,  in 
1816;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854;  owns  90 
acres  land;  married  Miss  Ann  Moore  in 
1840 ;  slie  was  born  in  N.  J. ;  has  seven 
children  living,  Wm.  B.,  Josephine,  Geo. 
L.,  Mary  A.,  Emma  E.,  Charles  M.,  and 
"Walter  "S. ;  lost  one  daughter. 

Vanort  Fred,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Vanort  T.  J.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Vanvalkenberg  Ad.  farmer ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Vanvalkenberg  E.  farmerj  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Vanvalkenberg  H.  farmer ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Van  Vleck  C.  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Van  Vleck  R.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 


w 


ALLIS   WILLIAM,  plasterer;   Peca- 
tonica. 

YTAIililS  A.  J.  Druggist  and  Apothe- 
cary; Pecatonica;  born  in  Rockford,  Aug. 
3, 1853 ;  married  Miss  Ella  Miller  in  1875 ; 
she  was  born  in  Winnebago  Co, 

Warren  Frank,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Washburn  Calvin,  laborer;  Pecatonica. 

Waters  J.W.  veterinary  surgeon ;  Pecatonica. 

Waters  Thos.  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Waters  Wesley,  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 


Watson  Fred,  farmer;  Sec.  13.  P.  O.  Peca- 
tonica. 

WATSON  P.  C.  Farmer;  Sec.  13; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y.  in  1803; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1845 ;  owns  230  acres 
land;  has  held  otfice  of  School  Director; 
married  Miss  Minerva  Tefft  in  1829 ;  she 
was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  have 
three  children,  Frederick,  Charles,  Mary. 

Wells  A.  L.  farmer;  Sec.  34. 

Welles  M.  W.  merchant ;  Pecatonica. 

Welch  Thos.,  Jr.,  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 

White  H.  farmer ;  Sec.  9. 

Winchester  John,  butcher;  Pecatonica. 

Wing  Wm.  carpenter;  Pecatonica. 

WOL<VE:Sf  JEfO.  W.  Retired  Farm- 
er; P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Green  Co., 
N.  Y.,  in  1830;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1851; 
owns  862  acres  land ;  has  held  othce  of 
School  Trustee;  married  Miss  Juliette 
Martin  in  1855 ;  she  was  born  in  N.Y. ;  has 
four  children,  Edwin  J.,  Charles,  Jessie, 
and  Georgie. 

Woodruff  G.  H.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Woodruff H.  B.  mason;  Pecatonica. 

Woodruff  J.  P.  laborer ;  Pecatonica. 

Wynegar  J.  farm;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Wynegar  L.  C.  farm;  S.  18;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

'X/'OUNG  A.  C.  Pecatonica. 
Young  Henry,  plasterer;  Pecatonica. 


Seward  township. 


573 


SEWARD  TOWNSHIP. 


ANDREW  A.  B.  farmer;   Sec.  4;   P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 
Andrews  David  W.  Sec.  4 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

BAIiLARD  SABIX,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Dealer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Pecaton- 
ica; born  in  Rhode  Island,  in  1826;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1866;  owns  123  acres;  mar- 
ried Hannah  Withey,  in  1850;  slie  was 
born  in  Conn.,  and  died  in  1863;  has  one 
son,  named  Andrew. 
Bebb  M.  S.  farm;  S.  34;  P.O.Fountain  Dale. 

BEIVEDICT  MRS.  F.  Widow;  Sec. 
8;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born,  in  Ohio,  in 
1834;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1849;  married 
Richard  Benedict,  Sept.  15,  1853 ;  he  was 
born  in  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  *Y.,  in  1837 ; 
he  died  Aug.  31,  1877;  has  six  children, 
J.  Nettie,  Ernest  R.,  Marion  A.,  Ralph  D., 
Helen  M.,  John  E. 

Benedict  F.  A.  farm ;  ^ec.l ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Benedict  J.  A.  farm ;  Sec.30 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

BEBfSOX  FRA:SfCIS  R.  Farmer; 
Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  this 
Tp.,  in  1846;  owns  }^  interest  in  estate  of 
173  acres;  his  father,  William  Benson, 
was  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  this  Tp., 
and  was  employed  by  Frink  &  Walker 
many  years  as  Stage  Driver ;  he  died  in 
1864. 

Bibbins  W.  H.  farm ;  Sec.3;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Braithwait  J.  farm ;  Sec.31 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

BRIDGEI.A1JD  A.  Farmer;  Sec.  35; 
P.O.  Elida;  born  in  England,  in  1816; 
came  to  this  country  in  1837 ;  to  this  Co. 
in  1846 ;"  owns  320  acres ;  has  held  office 
of  School  Director  for  years ;  he  married 
Miss  Hannah  Wright,  in  1847;  she  was 
born  in  England ;  has  six  children,  Mary, 
Sarah  A.,  Ellen  C,  William,  George  D., 
Martha. 

Brooks  R.  H.  carpenter ;  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Pec- 
atonica. 

BROWN  GEO.  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  16; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.,  in  1828; 
pame  to  this  Co.  in  1856 ;  owns  100  acres ; 
he  married  Helen  Kuney  in  1855;  she 
was  born  in  Penn. ;  died  in  1863 ;  he  mar- 
ried Sally  Lutes,  in  1864,  who  was  born  in 
Penn.;  three  children  by  first  marriage, 
Ida  E.,  Samuel  S.,  John  H. ;  five  children 
by  second  marriage,  Emma  V.,  Georgi- 
anna,  Myrtie  R.,  C.  Grant,  and  Freddie  H. 

Bubu  G.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  30. 

Burdick  L.  L.  farm;  S.  12;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Burdick  W.  farm;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Burk  J.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

BURCH  C  R.  Farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.,  in  1838;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1859 ;  owns  160  acres ;  en- 


listed in  the  15th  Regt.,  I.  V.  I.,  in  the  late 
war;  has  held  offices  of  School  Director 
and  Road  Commissioner;  married  Miss 
Whittlesey,  daughter  of  Eliphalet  Whit- 
tlesey, in  1863 ;  she  was  born  in  this  town ; 
have  two  children,  Charles  W.  and  Eli- 
phalet  Chauncey. 

Burtch  N.  E.  farm ;  Sec.ll ;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

BusingaM.  farmer;  Sec.21 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

CALDWELL   JAMES,   farmer;    Sec.  4; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Caldwell  John. 

Carson  A.  T.  teamster;  Pecatonica. 
Clark  J.  T.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Clark  John,  farmer ;  Sec.23 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 
Clark  Jonathan,   farmer;    Sec.   23;    P.   O. 
Winnebago.    . 

CI.  ARK  ROS^WELIi,  Farmer; 
Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Ver- 
mont, in  1808;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1856; 
owns  57  acres  land;  married  Miss  Mary 
Walton,  who  was  born  in  Mass. ;  have  three 
children  living,  Hannah  A.,  Elbert  J.,  and 
E.  Dell;  lost  two  sons,  James  A.  and 
Alonzo  Walton ;  the  latter  enlisted  in  the 
44th  Regt.,  I.  V.  I.,  as  a  private,  and  mus- 
tered out  as  Major;  Elbert  J.  has  served 
three  years  as  Asst.  Surgeon  in  the  army, 

CliARK    SAMUEI.,    Farmer;    Sec. 

16;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;    born  in  Norfolk, 

England,   in   1814;    came  to  this  Co.  in 

1845;  owns  98 J^  acres;  married  Mary  A. 

Money,  in  1835 ;  she  was  born  in  England ; 

his  second  wife  was  Maria  H.  Manchester; 

she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  had  six  children 

by  first  marriage. 
Cleveland  Albert,  farmer;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

CliEVEIiAKfD     HERVEY    S. 

Farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born 
in  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1831 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1859;  owns  220  acres;  holds 
office  School  Director;  married  Miss  A. 
Curtis,  in  1857;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ; 
have  one  son,  Hervey  S. ;  lost  three 
children. 

CI.EVEI.AND  W.  J.  Farmer;  Sec. 
28;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y.,  in 
1829;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854;  owns  200 
acres ;  has  held  offices  of  School  Director, 
Road  Commissioner,  and  Town  Clerk; 
married  Miss  Jane  E.  Curtis,  in  1852 ;  she 
was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  have  six  children, 
Albert,  Maria,  Adella,  Herbie,  Clara,  Ira. 

Clickman  C.  farm ;  Sec.  10 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Clikeman  Peterson,  farmer ;  Sec.  3. 

Clikeman  Peter,  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.  O. 
Winnebago. 

Cole  S.  W.  mason ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 


574 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


COMLY  CHARL-ES,  Farmer;  Sec.  2 ; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.,  in  1814; 
came  to  tlii?  Co.  in  1855;  owns  360  acres; 
he  married  Miss  Mary  Ludwig,  in  1836; 
she  was  born  in  Penn. ;  liave  eleven  chil- 
dren, Lucy,  Isabel,  Maria,  Caroline,  Cath- 
arine, Mary,  Thomas,  Abraham  L.,  Charles 
H.,  John  B.  and  Edwin  D. 
Comly  L.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Pecatonica 
Comly  T.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Pecatonica, 
Conger  D.  farmer;  Sec.29;  P.O.  Pecatonica 
Conger  F.  farmer;  Sec.29;  P.O. Pecatonica 
COXIER  JAMES,  Farmer;  Sec.  29 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1811 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1866;  owns  160  acres; 
married  Miss  Sarah  Johnson,  in  1838,  who 
was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  has  six  children  liv- 
ing, Mary,  Ancy,  David,   Frank,  Ira,  and 
Katie. 
Conover  H.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

COXOVER    MRS.    SI. Y VIA, 

Widow;  born  in  Conn.,  and  removed  to 
Stuben  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1820;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1838;  taught  school  in  N.  Y.  8 
years;  married  Morris  D.  Pierce,  in  1835; 
he  was  born  in  Utica,  N.  Y. ;  died  March 
18,  1844;  in  1847,  she  married  David  Con- 
over,  who  was  born  in  Chambersburg, 
Penn. ;  he  died  in  1852 ;  has  one  child, 
Mrs.  Helen  Fairchild,  by  first  marriage, 
and  one  son,  Henry,  by  second  marriage ; 
lost  one  son,  Fiederick,  in  the  army. 

Cooper  John. 

Copeland  J.  farm;  S.34;  P.O.Fountain  Dale. 

Cummings  E.  farm  hand ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Cummings  H.  farm  hand;  P.O.  Winnebago. 


D 


AUGHERTY    P.    C.    farmer;    Sec.  6; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

D AUGHERTY  JOHX  T.  Farmer; 
Sec.  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Ohio,  in 
1822;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845;  married 
Margaret  Shores,  in  1842 ;  she  was  born  in 
Penn.;  died  in  ;  he  afterwards  mar- 
ried Laura  Gibbs,  in  1855 ;  she  was  born 
in  N.  Y. ;  had  two  children  by  first  mar- 
riage, Nancy  A.  and  John,  and  by  second 
marriage  two,  Philetus  C.  and  William  O. 

Daugherljr  W.  farm ;  Sec.  6 ;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

DAY  DUDLEY  W.  Farmer;  Sec. 
22;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y.,  in 
1839;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1858;  enlisted  in 
15th  Regt.  I.  V.  I.,  and  served  three  years, 
and  was  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Vicks- 
burg,  Jackson,  and  Hatchie,  and  the  siege 
of  Corinth;  owns  102  acres;  holds  office 
of  Assessor;  Road  Commissioner  7  years; 
School  Director;  he  married  Miss  Rachel 
Scott,  in  1864;  she  was  born  in  Penn.; 
has  two  children,  Mary  A.  and  Lillian  R. 

Dooly  B.  farmer;  Sec.  83;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

DOWLEX  JOSHUA,  Farmer;  Sec. 
30;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Indiana, 
1825 ;  came  to  this  Co,  in  1855 ;  owns  60 


acres ;  married  Mrs.  S.  S.  Weddel,  in  1854 ; 
she  was  born  in  Indiana;  Mrs.  Dowlen 
had  three  children  by  former  marriage. 

Drake  J.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

DunkleyE.  farmer;  Sec.l3;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Dunkley  T.  farmer ;  Sec. 13;  P.O.Winnebago. 


E 


ASON  JOSEPH,  retired;  Sec.  4;  P.O. 
Pecatonica. 

Eaton  D.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Eckman  A.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.Pecatonica. 
Eddy  E.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Eddy  G.  E.  farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Elliott  C.  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Elida. 

ElililOTT  MITCHELI.,  Farmer; 
Sec.  35;  P.  0.  Elida;  born  in  Perry  Co., 
Penn.,  in  1810;  lived  in  Ohio  23  years; 
came  to  this  state  in  1856;  owns  160  acres; 
has  held  office  of  School  Director;  he 
married  Miss  Mary  A.  Linn,  in  1833 ;  she 
was  born  in  Perry  Co.,  Penn. ;  have  six 
children,  John  L.,  Mary  E.,  Charles, 
Thomas 'C,  Mattie  E.,  and  Maggie;  lost 
one  son,  Edward  M.,  he  enlisted  in  the 
97th  Regt.  I.  V.  I. ;  was  taken  prisoner  in 
Georgia,  and  was  confined  at  Anderson- 
ville,  where  he  died  of  starvation. 

Elliott  T.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Elida. 

FAULKNER     JOSEPH,   Farmer;    Sec. 
13;  P.  O.Winnebago. 

FAUI^KXER  SAMUEIi,  Farmer; 
24;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  England, 
in  1833;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846;  owns 
300  acres;  married  Miss  Sophia  Hulett, 
in  1854 ;  she  was  born  in  England ;  have 
seven  children,  Edward,  Marshall,  Eliza- 
beth, Calvin,  Etta,  Henry,  and  Irving; 
lost  two. 

Fitzgerald  E.  farm ;  S.  32 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

FITZGERAIiD  WM.  Farmer;  Sec. 
32;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Ireland,  in 
1827 ;  came  to  this  country  in  1842 ;  owns 
160  acres ;  enlisted  in  the  Navy,  and  served 
7  years;  was  at  the  storming  of  Vera 
Cruz ;  sei^ved  3  years  under  Commodore 
Perry,  and  was  stationed  on  the  Pacific 
Coast  4  years,  under  Commodore  Jones; 
settled  in  Ills,  after  his  discharge;  enlisted 
in  the  late  war,  and  served  3  years,  and 
his  discharge  makes  mention  of  21  general 
engagements,  among  which  are  Vicks- 
burg.  Mission  Ridge,  Chattanooga,  At- 
lanta, Marietta,  etc.;  he  married  Catharine 
Quinlan,  in  1852 ;  she  was  born  in  Ireland ; 
have  three  children  living,  Eugene,  John 
and  Sarah ;  lost  five  sons  and  one  daughter. 

FliAGtil  GEO.  W.  Farmer;  Sec.  5; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica ;  born  in  Mass.,  in  1825 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1856;  owns  112  acres, 
valued  at  $8,000 ;  has  held  offices  of  Con- 
stable, Collector,  and  School  Director; 
married  Miss  Lestina  Rugg,  in  1850 ;  she 
was  born  in  Mass.;    have  two  children, 


SEWARD    TOWNSHIP. 


675 


H 


Henry  and  Lilian :  lostone  daughter,  Clara, 

and  one  sou,  Elijah. 
Flagg  H.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Foilschow  Charles,  farm  hand. 
Fox  J.H.,collector;  Sec.  8;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Frost  G.  R. 

GAFFENEY    PATRICK,    farm    hand; 
Sec.  28 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Grady  A.  J.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

AIRE  JOHN,    farmer;    Sec.34;P.  O. 
Fountain  Dale 
Halsey  O.F.  farm ;  Sec.  17 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

HAMIIiTOX  JACOB  M.  Farmer; 
Sec.  7;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y.,  in 
1833;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1844;  owns  35G3^ 
acres;  held  otfice  of  School  Director;  mar- 
ried Miss  Sarah  A.  Derwent,  Jan.  1, 1851 ; 
she  was  born  in  England;  have  seven 
children,  William,  Charles,  Ella,  Cora, 
Myron,  Annie  and  Raymond;  lost  two, 
Mary  and  Edward. 

Hamilton  Wm.  farm;  S.  7;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Hayes  Garrett. 

Hench  H.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Highbarger  F.  farm ;  S.31 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

HIC)}HBAROER  ISAIAH,  Farm 
er;  Sec. ol;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Md., 
1835;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845;  owns  068 
acres  land;  has  held  office  of  School 
Director;  he  married  Miss  Elizabeth 
Rhineheart  in  1850;  she  was  born  in  Md.; 
have  seven  children,  Wm.  F.,  Francis  M., 
Mary  C,  Haywood  H.,  Martha  E.,  Ann  E. 
and  Leah  M. 

Highbarger  W.  farm ;  S.31 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Hillock  E.  farmer ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Hitchcock  G.  farm ;  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 
Hitchcock  R.  farm;  Sec.  2;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

HITCHCOCK  Wn.  S.  P.  Farmer; 
Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y., 
1817;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854;  owns  40 
acres  land;  married  Miss  Martha  Hudson 
in  1845;  she  was  born  in  Canada  East; 
has  six  children,  Louise,  Julia,  Sophronia, 
George,  Eva  and  Amanda;  has  served 
many  years  as  Path  Master. 

HOISIN«TO]!(f  KEV.  CHES- 
TER, Sec.  30;  P.O.Winnebago;  born 
in  N.  Y.,  in  1808;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1844;  owns  100  acres  laud;  has  held 
offices  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  School 
Director;  was  licensed  to  preach  as  a  min- 
ister in  the  M.  E.  Church  in  1843 ;  he  was 
afterwards  ordained  at  Dixon ;  he  preached 
the  first  sermon  in  what  is  now  known  as 
the  Hoisington  Church;  married  Lucy 
Wheeler  in  1830;  she  was  born  in  Vt. 

Holcomb  A.  H.  farm ;  S.31 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Holcomb  D.  S.  farm;  S.  30;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Holmes  I.  B.  f\irm;  S.  36;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Hooker  Geo.  W.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 


K 


Huds(m  Arthur,  farmer ;  Winnebago. 
Hudsou  T.  farm ;  Sec.  37 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

TAYNE  WILLIAM. 

JOl^ES  SAMITEI.^  Farmer;  Sec.  18; 
P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  St.  Lawrence  Co., 
N.  Y.,  1831 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1847  ;  owns 
200  acres  laud;  has  held  office  of  School 
Director;  married  Miss  Adelia  Campbell 
in  1843;  she  was  born  in  Vt. ;  have  nine 
children  living,  Viola,  Edward,  Almina, 
George,  Flora,  Frank,  Dell,  Willie  and 
Mary;  lost  one  daughter,  Laura. 

JOITES  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.O. 
Pecatonica;  born  in  St.  Lawrence  Co., 
N.  Y.,  1817;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1847; 
owns  160  acres ;  married  Miss  Mary  Tay- 
lor in  1852;  she  was  born  in  Canada; 
have  three  adopted  children. 

Jones  W.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

IDDER  PERRY,  farmer;  Sec.  1;  P.  O. 
Winnebago. 

KIRK  SAMUEIv,  Farmer;  Sec.  9; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Eng.,  1836; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1851 ;  owns  160  acres 
land ;  has  hunted  rabbits  on  the  ground 
where  the  depot  in  Rockford  stands :  mar- 
ried Miss  Ann  Faulkner,  in  Aug.,  1858; 
she  was  born  in  Eng.;  have  four  children, 
William  J.,  Lizzie  H.,  Charles  H.  and 
Fannie  E. 

Kimbal  Jos.  farm ;  Sec.  4 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

LAGRANGE  FRANK,  farmer;  Sec.  29; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

liAIHBERT  JEREMIAH,  Farm- 
er; Sec.  6;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn. 
April  21,  1836 ;  came  to  State  in  1855,  and 
to  this  Co.  in  1872;  rents  of  I.  Wolven;  he 
married  Miss  Rebecca  Niels  in  1867 ;  she 
was  born  in  Providence,  R.  I. ;  have  three 
children,  Henry,  William  W.  and  Frank- 
lin J.;  he  enlisted  in  the  92d  I.  V.  I.  and 
served  three  years. 

Leitts  A.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Lincoln  S.  farmer ;  Sec.  2 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Lincoln  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  4 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Lindly  C.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Winnebago, 

Lindly  F.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Lindly  I.  S.  farm;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Logan  R.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Lowry  D.  W.  farm;  Sec.  9;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

LiOWRY  MARCITS  li.  Farmer; 
Sec. 9;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  lud.,  Dec. 
17,  1831 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  Jan.  1843 ; 
owns  383  acres  land ;  holds  office  of  Su- 
pervisor, and  has  been  Highway  Commis- 
sioner and  School  Director  many  years; 
married  Miss  Hannah  Derwent  in  1849; 
she  was  born  in  Eng.,  and  died  March  11, 
1868;  he  afterwards  married  Miss  Mary 
Wright,  who  was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  has  six 
childi-en  living,  by  first  marriage,  Thomas 


sre 


WINTSTEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTOET: 


M.,   Sarah  E.,    David    W.,   Clarence   E., 
Albert  H.  and  Alice  J. 
Lunberry  P.  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  12. 

"IVTcCULLOUGH  J. 

McDonald  J.  farm;  Sec.28;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

McD05fAI.D   tAWRJEI^TCE, 

Farmer;  Sec.28;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born 
in  Connty  Meath,  Ireland,  in  18b3;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1854;  owns  494  acres  land ; 
has  held  office  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  12 
years,  and  School  Director  many  years; 
he  married  Miss  Mary  Williams  in  1864; 
she  was  born  in  Winnebago  Co.;  has 
seven  children,  Elizabeth,  Edward,  John, 
Julia,  Mary,  Charles  and  Emily. 

McDonald[R.  tarm ;  Sec.28 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

McDonald  Thos.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.O. 
Pecatonica. 

McEchran  M.  farm;  S.  36;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Mack  S.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Markham  Jas.  farm ;  S.  27 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Markham  J.  farm;  Sec.  27;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

MARSTON  GEO.  W.  Farmer;  Sec. 
25;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  N.  Y.,  in 
1835  ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845 ;  he  enlist- 
in  the  15th  I.  V.  I.,  and  was  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Shiloh;  has  held  office  of 
Collector;  he  married  Miss  Sarah  Scott, 
who  was  born  in  Penn.,  in  1842;  have 
five  children,  Anson  M.,  Amos  W.,  Chas. 
L.,  Mary  A.  and  George  E. 

Martin  J.  P.  farm;  Sec.  4;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Meredith  B.  D.  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Meredith  J.  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

MEREDITH  T.  R.  Retired  Farmer; 
Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Elida;  born  in  Penn.,  Sept. 
25,  1815;  came  to  this  State  in  1854,  and 
to  this  Co.  in  1867;  owns  232  acres  land; 
he  married  Nancy  R.  Bull,  in  1845;  she 
was  born  in  Perry  Co.,  Penn. ;  have  four 
children,  John  C.,  David  B.,  Jennie  M. 
and  Sallie  G. 

Moon  A.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Moon  R.  farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Moore  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  23 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Moore  Jos.  farm ;  Sec.  23 ;  P.  O.  Winnebbgo. 

MOORE  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.  O. 
Winnebago;  born  in  Eng.,  in  1813;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1847;  owns  360  acres  laud; 
married  Miss  Mary  Faulkner  in  1840;  she 
was  born  in  Eng. ;  have  eight  children, 
William,  Isabelle,  Mary,  Adeline,  Susan, 
James,  Joseph  and  Bertha ;  lost  four. 

Moore  W.,  Jr.  farm;  S.  15;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

MORGAN  THOS.  Farmer;  Sec.  18; 
P.O.  Pecatonica;  born. in  Wales,  in  1825; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  owns  80  acres 
land;  married  Susanna  Helman,  in  1866; 
she  was  born  in  Penn. ;  have  five  children, 
Cora  D.,  Wm.  E.,  Chas.  L.,  Ida  M.  and 
Martha  J. 


Mosher  C.  S.  retired. 

Myers  L.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Myers  S.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Myers  W.  farmer;  Sec.  81 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 


N 


EELY  WM.  farmer;  Sec.  16. 


Newton  Julian. 

IfEWTON  PEIXY  iZ.  Farmer;  Sec. 
12;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Vt,  in 
18^0;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1853;  owns  120 
acres  land ;  held  office  of  School  Director 
12  years;  married  Miss  Martha  Phelps,  in 
1854 ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio ;  have  two  chil- 
dren, Julia  and  Almon ;  and  one  adopted 
daughter,  Augusta. 

Newton  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  2. 

OSTRANDER  "JOHN  J.  farmer;    Sec. 
20;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

TDALMER  W.  L.  laborer. 

PETERSON  CHAS.  M.  Farmer; 
Sec.  4;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Swe- 
den in  1817;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
owns  72  acres  land ;  married  Miss  Johanna 
Peterson  in  1842;  she  was  born  in  Swe- 
den ;  have  five  children,  Matilda,  Sophia, 
Emily,  Louisa  and  Augusta;  lost  one  son 
and  one  daughter. 

PFEIFER  PHIEIP,  Farmer;  Sec. 
17;  P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Germany, 
1816 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  June,  1847 ;  owns 
60  acres  land ;  holds  office  of  Town  Clerk 
and  has  been  School  Director;  he  married 
Miss  Rosella  Metcalf,  in  1858;  she  was 
born  in  N.  Y. ;  have  three  children,  Ida 
R.,  Lizzie  S.  and  Alice  M. 

Phelps  J.  W.  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

PHEEPS  SILAS  M.  Farmer;  Sec. 
13;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Ohio,  1840; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1856 ;  owns  160  acres 
land;  he  enlisted  in  the  45th  I.  V.  I.,  and 
served  three  years;  married  Miss  Louise 
Chandler  in  1864;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ; 
has  two  children,  Carrie  M.  and  Susan  B. ; 
lost  two :  Amasa,  aged  9  years ;  and  Clar- 
ence, aged  5  years. 

RAFFERTY  A.  farmer;   Sec.  32;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica. 
Rhinehart  Calvin. 

Roberts  E.  C.  steam  thresher;  Sec.  30. 
Rugg  A.  farmer ;  Sec.  4 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Ryan  D.  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Ryan  D.,  Jr.  farm;  Sec. 33;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

SARGENT  DANIEL,  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P. 
O.  Winnebago. 

SAROENT  CHAREES,  Retired 
Farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born 
in  N.  H.,  1800 ;  came  to  this  State  1842, 
and  to  this  Co.  1854;  owns  130  acres; 
married    Ruth    Mansur  in  1825,  born  in 


•VWH-  ^'^'"''Sli!*,., 


SEWARD  TP         // 


SEWARD   TOWNSHIP. 


579 


Lower  Canada  1806,  died  1864;  six  chil- 
dren: Daniel  M.,  Charles  P.,  Kutli,  John, 
Maria  and  Isora  A. ;  lost  two,  George  and 
Hollis;  John  enlisted  in  the  8th  I.  V.  C, 
and  was  niustereil  out  as  Capt.  Co.  M. 

SCOTT  A.,  M.D.,  Physician;  Sec.  30; 
P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.  1820;  came 
to  thisCo.  1857 ;  owns  80  acres ;  has  practiced 
medicine  tor  '.M  years ;  served  in  the  late 
war  as  Surgeon  of  153d  I.  V.  I.  until  the 
regiment  was  mustered  out;  married  Miss 
Harriet  McCarty,  born  in  Penn ;  have  eight 
children:  Sarah,  Rachel,  Mary,  Charles, 
Martha,  Julia,  Hattie  and  Clara;  lost  one 
daughter,  Mercy  13.;  has  held  offices  of 
School  Director,  Road  Commissioner  and 
Town  Clerk. 

Scott  H.  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Scott  J.  W.  farm;  Sec.  37;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Searls  A.  K.  farm;  Sec.  13;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Searls  D.  J.  farm;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Seaton  F.  farmer ;  Sec.  2 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Seatou  Gilbert,  farm ;  S.  2 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Seaton  W.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Seaton  W.  T.  farm;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Sheldon  G.  E.  farm;  S.  14;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Sheldon  I.  J.  farm ;  S.  14 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Sheldon  Jay,  farm ;  Sec.  14 ;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Shimmin  Carson. 

Shimmin  George,  night  watchman. 

SHIMMIlf  JOHI(r  S.  Farmer;  Sec. 
0;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  Isle  of  Man  in 
1819;  came  to  this  Co.  Feb.,  1837;  owns 
300  acres ;  has  been  member  of  the  School 
Board  3  years ;  married  Wilhelmina  Love 
1845,  born  in  Penn. ;  have  fourteen  chil- 
dren: Emma,  Katie,  Carson,  Almeda, 
George,  William,  Alice,  Mary,  Annie, 
Lucy,  Mina,  Eddie,  Charles  and  Florence; 
lost  two  sons,  Alba  and  Elmer. 

Shimmin  Wm.  farm ;  Sec.  5 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Short  Robt.  farmer;  Sec.  16;P.O.Pecatonica. 

SIMMOXS  01.IVER,  Farmer;  Sec. 
5;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y.  1844; 
came  to  this  Co.  1867;  married  Miss  Nettie 
Benedict  1876,  born  in  this  Co.;  enlisted 
in  65th  O.  V.  I.,  and  re-enlisted  as  veteran; 
mustered  out  in  Texas  in  1865. 

Simpson  Cyrus,  Sec.  6. 

Simpson  H.  W.,  Sec.  11. 

Smiley  Andrew,  farmer ;  Sec.  36. 

SMITH  BEXJAMIN,  Farmer;  Sec. 
18;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Penn.  1819; 
came  to  this  Co.  1857;  owns  80  acres; 
married  Ellen  Bailey  1839,  born  in  Penn. ; 
have  seven  children :  Anna,  Maria,  William 
H.,  Michael  J.,  Mary  E.,  George  B.,  Lizzie 
and  Benjamin  Franklin ;  lost  one  daughter. 

Smith  G. 

Sm  ith  G.  H.  farmer ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Smith  J.  A. 

31 


SMITH  R.  €.  Farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. 
Winnebago;  born  in  Scotland  1839;  came 
to  this  Co.  1855 ;  owns  340  acres;  married 
Miss  Kate  Stewart  1854,  born  in  Scotland; 
have  six  children:  Andrew,  Hugh,  Robert, 
John,  Lizzie  and  Arcliie;  holds  office  of 
School  Director. 

Smith  Wm.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Snyder  Bernard,  farmer ;  Sec.  4. 

Spencer  A.  farm ;  S.  82. 

Spencer  Geo.  farmer ;  Sec.  33. 

Spencer  Samuel,  farmer;  Sec.  33. 

SPICER  GEO.  W.  Farmer;  Sec.  8; 
P.O.  Pecatonica;  born  Yates  Co.,  N.  Y., 
1818;  came  to  this  Co.  1840;  owns  337 
acres  land ;  has  held  office  School  Director ; 
married  Miss  Lucy  Hawkins  1846,  born 
N.  Y. ;  have  seven  children  living:  Lucj'' 
L.,  Mercy  E.,  John  B.,  Phwbe,  Willie, 
Ancy  and  Annie;  lost  five. 

Straw  D.  B.  farmer ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Straw  J.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Straw  N.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  25 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Straw  W.  S.  farmer ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Sweeney  John,  farmer;  Sec.  36. 


T 


ASKALL  RICHARD. 


Tracy  E.  F.  retired;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Tracy  Geo.  farmer ;  Sec.  30 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

TRAVER  li.  Farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica;  born  N.  Y.  1833;  came  to 
to  this  Co.  1864 ;  owns  80  acres,  value  $75 
per  acre ;  married  Miss  Fanny  Clapp  1855, 
born  in  England;  have  eleven  children: 
Charles  H.,  Sarah  J.,  William  A.,  Harriet, 
Eugene,  Mary,  Frankie,  Nettie,  Luther, 
Fannie  and  Birdie. 

T  7ANSTEN  B. 

Vestal  F.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Vesta!  J.  H.  farm;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

WALLACE  CYRUS,   farmer;   Sec.   19; 
P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Wallace  Wm.  J.  farm ;  S.  19 ;  P.O.Pecatonica. 
Waters  D.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Welch  J.  P.  farmer ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Ti^EIiliS  A.  A.  Farmer:  Sec.  3;  P.  O. 
Pecatonica ;  born  Seward  Tp.  1844 ;  owns 
78  acres;  enlisted  in  146th  I.  V.  I.;  mar- 
ried Miss  A.  Holcomb  1868,  born  in  this 
Co.,  and  died  1870. 

Wells  A,  J.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Pecatonica 

Wells  Benjamin  E.  farmer;  Sec.  11. 

Wells  C.  E.  farm;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Wiunebag 

WEIiES     JESSE,   Farmer;    Sec. 
P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  N.  Y.  1800;  cam 
to  this  State  1842,  to  this  Co.  1854;   own 
416 acres;  has  held  office  School  Director; 
married  Aseneth  Bennett  1835,  born  in  N. 
Y.,  died  1845;   afterwards  married  Miss 


580 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIK ECTOR Y  : 


Lovina  Everett  1848,  born  in  Penn. ;  four 
children  by  first  marriage:  Haskell  R., 
Harris  Gr.,  Eunice  and  Rhoda;  bj^  second 
marriage :  Orrin  C,  Cyrus,  Oscar,  Sylvia, 
Jessie  and  ScliU3ier  Colfax;  one  sou,  Ben- 
net,  enlisted  in  15th  I.  V.  I.,  died  in  service. 

IVELI^S  J.  R.  Farmer;  Seel;  P.  O. 
Winnebago;  born  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.Y., 
1837;  came  to  this  Co.  .'.841;  owns  157 
acres;  holds  office  School  Director;  mar- 
ried Miss  Adelle  E.  Clark  1870,  born  N.Y. ; 
have  two  children:  Ernest  El.,  Gertrude. 

Wells  Orin  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

^iVHITMAN  JOSHUA,  Farmer; 
Sec.  a7;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  N.  Y. 
1821 ;  came  to  this  Co.  1870 ;  owns  80  acres ; 
has  held  office  School  Director;  married 
Miss  L.  F.  Morehouse,  born  N.  J.;  have 
two  children :   John  and  Erastus. 

TI^HITKEY  DARWIN,  Farmer; 
Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  Pa.  1824; 
came  to  this  Co.  1845 ;  owns  320  acres ;  has 
held  office  School  Director ;  married  Miss 
Laura  Bigsby  1847,  born  in  N.  Y. ;  have 
five  children :  Wilbur  F.,  Emerson,  Sarah 
L.,  Newton  E.,  Mary  E.;  lost  two:  Clara 
and  Alta. 

IVHITTIiESEY    EDMUXD, 

Farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Pecatouica;  born 
Mass.  1814;   removed  to  Ohio  1817;  came 


to  this  Co.  1§35 ;  owns  170  acres;  has  held 
office  of  Supervisor  20  years.  Justice  of 
Peace  30  years.  Town  Treasurer  many 
years;  one  of  oldest  settlers ;  married  Miss 
Susan  Vance  1839,  born  Ohio;  have  three 
children:  Mary  O.,  Joseph  H.  and  Edw-in 
Vance ;  Mrs.  Whittlesey's  father,  Joseph 
Vance,  was  the  first  actual  settler  in  Sew- 
ard Tp. 
Whittlesey  J.  H.  farm;S.8;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

WII.SON  1^.  A.  Farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.O. 
Pecatonica ;  born  N.  Y.  1810 ;  lived  in  Ohio 
35  years  previous  to  his  removal  to  Illi- 
nois 1853;  married  Miss  Annie  Moulton 
1839,  born  N.  Y. ;  have  five  children: 
Volney,  Charles  P.,  Sylvia,  Francis  and 
Lyman  A. ;  Volney  enlisted  in  8th  I.  V. 
C,  served '3  years;  Charles  P.  enlisted  in 
152d  111.,  and  was  a  prisoner  in  Anderson- 
ville  7  months. 

Wright  E.F.  clergyman. 

Wright  G.  farmer;  Sec.  11;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

WRIGHT  JOHX,  Farmer;  Sec.  11; 
P.  O.  Pecatouica;  born  England  1828; 
came  to  this  State  1844,  to  this  Co.  1868; 
owns  240  acres;  has  held  offices  School 
Director  and  Road  Commissioner ;  married 
Miss  Matilda  Hutchins  1855,  born  in  Can- 
ada ;  have  seven  children :  George,  Charles, 
Alta,  Elizabeth,  Lottie,  Robert  and  Baby. 


BITRRITT   TOWNSHIP. 


581 


BURRITT  TOWNSHIP. 


AFFALBAROUGH    JOS.     blacksmith; 
Sec.  8;  P.O.  Kocktord. 
Anderson  John,  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Andrew  A.  rents  farm ;  Sec.9 ;  P.O.  Kockford. 

AIlfDRE^V  ELLIS,  Farmer;  Sec.  8; 
P.  O.  Rocktord;  born  in  Lancashire,  Eng., 
Nov.  21,  1888;  came  to  this  Co.  willi  his 
father  in  1844;  owns  1)3  acres  land,  valued 
at  $3,000;  married  Ellen  Rudd,  Dec.  20, 
18GC ;  she  was  born  in  Hamburg,  Erie  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  they  have  two  children:  Lewis 
Judson,  born  Jan.  2,  1869,  and  Chariie 
Austin,  Oct.  3,  1870;  Mrs.  A.  has  been  a 
member  of  the  Baptist  Church  over  18 
years ;  she,  with  the  other  members  of  the 
family,  are  now  regular  attendants  of  the 
M.  E.  Church,  there  being  no  Baptist 
Church  in  the  community;  Mr.  A.  was 
Constable  for  4  years,  and  Road  Master  2 
years ;  was  but  13  years  of  age  when  he 
came  here  with  his  father,  and  was  in 
youth  inured  to  the  hardships  incident  to 
the  life  of  the  early  settler;  Mrs.  Andrew 
came  here  with  her  father,  Joel  M.  Rudd, 
in  1849 ;  has  ever  since  lived  within  half 
a  mile  of  whei'e  she  now  resides. 

Andrew  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.O.Rockford. 

Atkinson  B.  C.  farm;  Sec.  18; P.O.Rockford. 

ATKI]!(r!SOX  GEORGE  A.  Farm- 
er; Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Bur- 
ritt,  June  23,  1848;  married  Martha  E. 
Herrington,  Oct.  25,  1871 ;  she  was  born  in 
Burritt,  Nov.  6,  1849;  they  have  two  chil- 
dren :  Emery  D.,  ])orn  Aug.  25,  1872,  and 
Freddie  L.,  April  6,  1876 ;  owns  80  acres 
land,  valued  at  $3,000 ;  attend  the  M.  E. 
Church ;  the  parents  of  both  were  among 
the  first  settlers  in  this  Co.;  came  here 
about  40  years  ago ;  were  surrounded  by 
wild  country — only  one  or  two  cultivated 
farms  between  here  and  Rockford. 

ATKIXSOX  J  AS.  Farmer;  Sec.  2;  P. 
O.  Rockford;  born  in  Eng.,  May  15,  1826; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1837;  owns  86  acres 
land,  valued  $5,000;  married  Ann  Jannette 
Brady,  Feb.  22,  1860 ;  she  was  born  in  Bur- 
ritt, Feb.  22,  1843 ;  they  have  three  chil- 
dren, two  sons  and  one  daughter:  Dora  O., 
born  Dec.  10,  I860;  Charles  F.,  Jan.  8, 
1869,  and  Willis  C,  Oct.  28,  1872;  Mr.  A. 
was  11  years  of  age  when  his  father  came 
to  this  Co. ;  was  but  one  house  between 
here  and  Rockford,  and  no  road  except 
the  boundless  prairie;  has  accompanied 
his  father  to  Chicago  with  grain  drawn  in 
wagons ;  it  usually  took  ten  days  to  make 
the  round  trip,  fording  or  ferrying  the 
Rock  river  and  other  streams ;  the  ferry- 
men at  that  time  at  Rockford  were  James 
Taylor  and  Giles  A.  Hard,  Esq. 

ATKIXSOX  JOHX,  Farmer;  Sec. 
17;   P.O.  Rockford;    born   in  England, 


Dec.  14,  1814;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1837; 
owns  167  acres  land,  valued  at  $6,000; 
married  Nancy  L.  Conklin,  Nov.  5,  1840 ; 
she  was  born  in  Wayne  Co.,  Penu.,  Dec.  15, 
1822;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1839;  they  have 
eight  children  living:  Brown  C,  aged  36; 
John  M.,  32;  George  A.  and  Ellen  Melissa 
(twins),  29;  Mary  Bell,  24;  Emma  Eliza, 
21 ;  Caudace  Amelia,  19,  and  Kittie  May, 
17;  lost  two,  Thomas,  died  aged  two  years, 
and  David  E.,  who  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  74th 
I.  V.  L,  Aug.,  1862,  was  in  Buell's  cam- 
paign after  Bragg  in  Ky. ;  was  taken  sick, 
returned  as  far  as  Evansville,  Ind.,  where 
he  died  on  the  26th  of  Jan.,  1863 ;  two 
other  sons,  Brown  C.  and  John  M.,  were 
also  in  the  service,  the  former  in  the  74th 

1.  V.  I.,  and  the  latter  in  the  11th  I.  V.  C; 
when  Mr.  A.  first  came  to  this  country 
there  were  but  two  or  three  houses  in 
Rockford;  had  to  ford  or  ferry  the  river; 
the  surrounding  country  was  a  wild,  un- 
broken prairie;  he  has  been  Road  Com- 
missioner 14  years.  Assessor  13,   Collector 

2,  and  Trustee  for  a  number  of  years ;  all 
attend  the  M.  E.  Church. 

AT  WOOD  ALBERT  J.  Farmer; 
Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  m  Burritt, 
May  10,  1849 ;  owns  80  acres  land,  valued 
at  $3,200;  married  Caroline  M.  Beer,  Sept. 
26,  1869 ;  she  was  born  in  Rockford,  April 
29,  1851 ;  have  two  children :  Clarence  A., 
born  Oct.  12, 1871,  audAlgernon  J.,  March 
12,  1875.  Mr.  Beers,  f^ither  of  Mrs.  A., 
settled  in  East  Rockford  40  years  ago, 
when  it  contained  but  four  houses ;  has 
lived  there  ever  since.  Mr.  Atwood  and 
family  attend  the  Congregational  Church ; 
Republican. 

ATWOOI>  THOMAS  J.  Farmer; 
Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Bridge 
Water,  Vt.,  June  14, 1818 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1840;  owns  480  acres  land,  valued  at 
$26,400;  married  Lois  Cornelia  Cable, 
May  4,  1847 ;  she  was  born  Nov.  19,  1826, 
in  Bridgeport,  Conn. ;  came  here  in  1837 ; 
they  have  two  children  living:  Albert  Jus- 
tin, born  May  10,  1849;  Emma  Cornelia, 
Sept  13,  1855;  lost  four:  Rollin  C,  Ella 
Maria,  Amos  W,  and  Ezra  Cable ;  Mr.  A. 
was  Supervisor  for  one  term,  on  committee 
for  erecting  building  on  County  Farm, 
collected  the  paupers  of  the  Co.,  etc.  Mr. 
E.  S.  Cable,  father  of  Mrs.  A.  was  one  of 
the  early  settlers  of  Pecatonica,  where  he 
still  resides,  being  now  80  yeai's  of  age. 

AILEY  JOHN,  farmer;   Sec.  20;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 
Bailey  P.  farmer ;  Sec.  18 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

BAILEY  WILLIAM,  Farmer;  Sec. 
28;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  East  Green- 
wich, Kent  Co.,  R.  L,  June  22,  1816;  mar- 


B 


5S2 


WINNEBAGO   COtJNTT   DIRECTORY: 


ried  Amj^  W.  Reynolds,  June  H,  1836;  she 
was  bom  same  place,  Dec.  2,  1817 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  18")4;  have  three  children 
living:  Roby  Anna,  married  to  Mr.  Bils- 
borouo'h,  and  living  in  Iowa;  Wintield  S. 
and  William  H.;  lost  three:  Archibald  D., 
Mary  E.  and  A.  Dorrance ;  Mr.  B.  has  been 
Assessor  1  year.  Trustee  4,  and  School  Di- 
rector 6  or  7  years ;  came  here  when  there 
were  but  few  farms  opened  up  in  Laoua 
and  Burritt,  mostly  wild  ]M-airie;  himself 
and  family  belong^ to  the  M.  E.  Church. 

BAILEY  \%^IKFIEI^1>  S.  Farmer; 
Sec.  28;  P.O.Winnebago;  born  in  R.  I., 
Sept.  3,  1852;  came  to  this  Co.  with  his 
father  in  1854;  owns  80  acres  land,  valued 
at  $4,500;  married  Agues  Sillers,  Sept.  21, 
1871;  she  was  born  in  Scotland,  June  10, 
1853;  came  to  this  Co.  with  her  father 
same  year,  who  settled  in  Guilford;  he 
only  lived  one  year  after  reaching  this  Co. ; 
they  have  one  son,  Duncan  Frederic,  born 
Aug.  13,  1872 ;  Mr.  B.  has  been  Overseer 
of  Highways  two  terms;  holds  that  posi- 
tion at  present;  his  father  was  one  of  the 
first  settlers  in  Laona. 

BARKER  HIRAM  A.  Farmer; Sec. 
1 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  N.  Y.,  Feb. 
12,  1830;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1850;  owns 
159  acres  land,  valued  at  $7,500;  married 
Isabel  Atkinson,  Dec.  24,  1849;  she  was 
born  in  England,  May  8,  1831 ;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1837 ;  have  one  child  by  adop- 
tion, Etta  G.,  born  March  31,  1854 ;  Mr.  B. 
was  in  Co.  L,  11th  I.  V.  C;  enlisted  Feb. 
7,  1865;  went  to  Memphis  just  in  time  to 
join  the  regiment  in  a  scout  after  General 
Forrest,  following  him  to  Holly  Springs, 
Jackson,  and  as  far  as  Wolf  river,  being 
in  the  saddle  nearly  48  hours;  was  out  10 
days;  after  returning  to  Memphis,  was 
put  on  duty  patrolling  the  city  for  two 
weeks,  occasionally  scouting  in  various 
directions  for  a  distance  of  50  miles ;  Mr. 
B.  lias  some  very  fine  horses— a  pair  of 
draft  horses,  pair  of  roadsters,  and  two 
young  stallions,  and  several  others,  all 
"  Normans." 

Barsby  William,  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Bate  William,  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Beach  George,  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

BEACH "JOHIS'  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  30; 
P.  O .  Rockford  ;  born  in  Ohio,  Dtc,  1823 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1853;  owns  200  acres 
land,  valued  at  $10,000;  married  Mary 
Oviatt,  Dec.  20,  1853;  she  was  born  in 
Hudson,  Summit  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  12,  1834; 
they  have  four  children :  George  M.,  Frank 
H.,  Ida  M.  and  Lilly  M. ;  Mrs.  B.  died  Feb. 
24,  1873 ;  he  married  Harriet  M.  Pate,  Sept. 
23,  1874,  widow  with  one  child,  Walter  C. 
Scott ;  she  was  born  in  Wis.,  Jan.  17, 1848 ; 
Mr.  B.  has  been  School  Director  ever  since 
1858,  with  the  exception  of  3  years ;  was 
very  sparsely  settled  in  this  Co.  when  Mr. 
B.  came  here ;  only  five  houses  between 
here  and  Rockford  on  the  Wolf  Grove  road ; 


family    attend    Congregational    Church ; 

Republican. 
Beatson  D.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Bickford  C.  f\«-mer;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Bickford  J.  M.,  Sec.  26 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Billsborough  B.  L.  farmer;   Sec.  32;   P.  O. 

Rockford. 
Black  John,  renter;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

BI.EWFIEI.1>  JACOB,  Farmer; 
Sec.  14;  P.O.  Rockford;  born  in  Rock- 
land Co.,  N.  Y,  June  9,  1818;  married 
Rachel  Springsteed,  April  21,  1838;  she 
w^as  born  in  same  Co.,  Sei)t.  6,  1819 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  owns  105  acres  land, 
valued  at  |7,000;  they  have  nine  children 
living:  Mary  Ann  A.,  Sarah,  Samuel  A., 
Mary  E.,  Matilda,  Jacob,  Delaphene, 
Charles  and  Hattie;  lost  two:  Lottie,  wiio 
died  in  California  in  1874,  aged  31;  and 
Malinda,  who  died  in  Rockland  Co.,  N.Y., 
in  1857,  aged  2  years;  Mr.  B.  has  been  a 
life-long  Democrat — a  war  Democrat ;  him- 
self and  family  are  regular  in  attendance 
at  M.  E.  Church ;  he  is  a  prominent  mem- 
ber of  the  I.  O.  O.  F.,  having  Tyled  his 
lodge  from  the  time  of  its  establishment, 
seven  yeais  ago — a  public  spirited  man 
and  a  good  citizen. 

Blewfield  Jacob,  Jr..  Sec.  14;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Bois  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  36;   P.  O.Rockford. 

BOOMER  ED^¥AR1>  H.  Farmer; 
Sec.  8 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Newark, 
N.  J.,  March  7,  1848 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1857 ;  owns  143  acres  land,  valued  at  $6,000 ; 
married  Celinda  Weatherhead,  Sept.  27, 
1870;  she  was  born  in  Harrison,  June  1, 
1852;  they  have  four  children:  Willis  J., 
born  Nov.  12,  1871 ;  Ellen  May,  June  27, 
1874;  and  Ida  and  Ira  (twins),  March  10, 
1876;  James  R.  Weatherhead,  father  of 
Mrs.  B.,  nearly  40  years  ago  was  working 
by  the  month  and  breaking  prairie  in  this 
Co.;  married  and  settled  on  a  farm  in 
Harrison,  which  is  still  in  his  possession; 
Mr.  B.  enlisted  Oct.  1,  1863,  in  Co.  G,  13th 
Wis.  Inf.;  was  with  Gen.  Thomas  on  the 
march  from  Chattanooga,  was  captured  by 
a  scouting  party  of  rebels  at  Paint  Rock 
Bridge,  Ala.;  was  taken  to  Cahawba, 
thence  to  Andersonville,  where  he  re- 
mained until  April  17,  1865,  when  he  was 
paroled  for  exchange ;  was  mustered  out 
June  13,  1865,  at  the  close  of  the  war; 
they  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church ; 
Republican. 

Boshun  Wm.  wagon  maker ;  Sec.  14 ;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 

Bracken  J.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

BROlVHr  MORTOX  A.  Farmer; 
Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  N.  Y., 
April  20,  1842 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1853 ; 
owns  160  acres  ]and,valued  at  $8,000 ;  mar- 
ried Jane  A.  Houghton,  Dec.  2,  1868;  she 
was  born  in  Durand,  Dec.  14,  1848;  they 
have  four  children,  Mary  J.,  Agnes,  Nellie 


BURRITT   TOWNSUri' 


583 


A.  and  Thomas  A. ;  Mr.  B.  was  Justice  of 
the  Peace  two  years,  and  School  Trustee 
eight  years;  himself  and  wife  are  members 
of  the  M.  E.  Church;  he  lia^  been  identi- 
lied  with  Sabbath-schools  since  he  was 
eleven  years  old;  late. years  has  been  very 
zealous  and  active  in  organizing  and  su- 
perintending in  ditferent  parts  of  the 
town;  is  rather  extensively  engaged  in 
dairy;  owns  47  cows;  is  president  of  and 
a  stockholder  in  the  Winnebago  Creamery. 

BRO^VX  THOS.  Farmer;  Sec.  32; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  England,  Aug. 
8.  1814;  came  to  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in 
1827;  married  Almy  Fuller,  Jan.  12, 1841 ; 
she  was  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  Oct.  28, 1821 ; 
they  caine  to  this  Co.  in  1853;  owns  220 
acres  land,  valued  at  $12,000;  they  have 
one  child  living.  Morion  A.,  born  April 
20,  1842;  he  owns  farm  of  160  acres,  ad- 
joining; works  both  farms;  lost  one 
daughter,  ^lary  Jane,  born  Sept.  15,  1844; 
died'  March  28,  1865 ;  have  an  adopted  son, 
Chas.  W.  Brown,  whom  they  have  raised 
from  tile  age  of  seven  months ;  Mrs.  B.  is 
in  charge  of  the  Burritt  Bible  Depository, 
and  has  beeu  for  six  years;  is  Treasurer  of 
the  same,  receiving  all  moneys  collected 
and  settling  accounts  with  County  Agent; 
are  zealous  and  active  members  of  the  M. 
E  Church ;  Republican. 

Burns  T.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Byrne  L.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. Rockford. 

CANNELL  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P. 
O.  Rockford. 
Chapman  S.  farmer;  Sec.  11 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

CHAP.IIAX  MOSES,  Farmer;  Sec. 
3;  P.  O.  Rockford;  boru  in  England,  Dec. 
3,1830;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855;  owns 
127  acres  laud,  valued  at  $7,000;  maiTied 
Alice  xVndrews,  Nov.  18,  1862;  she  was 
born  in  England,  Feb.  28,  1843;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1851 ;  they  have  six  children, 
two  sons  and  four  daughters:  Alice  A., 
aged  — ;  Clara  Etta,  14;  Ada  Bell,  11; 
George  Ellis,  9 ;  Chas.  B.,  7 ;  and  Lulu 
May,  2;  Mrs.  C.'s  father,  Wm.  Andrews, 
emigrated  to  this  Co.  when  there  was 
nothing  but  will!  prairie;  plenty  of  gov- 
ernment land  on  the  market  from  which 
Mr.  A.  selected  a  farm,  on  which  he  has 
ever  since  resided;  Mr.  Chapman  was 
School  Director  for  three  years ;  they  are 
members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Coffin  F.  farmer ;  Sec.  17 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

COFFIX  HORACE  A.  Farmer; 
Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Ros- 
coe  Tp.,  March  31,  1848;  owns  90  acres 
land,  valued  at  $4,500;  unmarried;  his 
father,  Henderson  W.  Coffin,  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1838,being  one  of  the  oldest  settlers ; 
was  born  Sept.  29,  1813 ;  married  Harriet 
Kinnear;  she  was  born  Nov.  18,  1822; 
they  have  eleven  children  living,  Agnes, 
Julia  M.,  Sylvester  B.,  Esther,  Wm.  H., 


Horace  A.,  Mary  J.,  Emma  B.,  Alfred, 
Fletcher  and  Ruble  H. ;  Mr.  C,  Sr.,  made 
the  brick  for  all  the  brick  buildings  in 
Roscoe  and  large  (luantilies  in  Beloit,  be- 
ing one  of  the  tirst  to  engage  in  that  busi- 
ness in  this  Co.;  his  widow  is  still  living 
in  this  Co.  and  is  lifty-tive  years  of  age. 

COMSTOCK  liEVI,  Farmer  T  Sec. 
14;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Saratoga  Co., 
N.  Y.,  May  3,  1812;  married  Matilda  Root, 
Oct.,  1846;  she  was  born  in  Berkshire 
Co.,  Mass.;  they  came  to  this  Co.  in  1859; 
owns  1241^' acres,  valued  at  $7,500;  they 
have  four  children,  Franklin,  Lewis  A., 
Emma  and  Etta,  three  of  whom  are  mar- 
ried and  living  in  this  tp. ;  Mr.  C.  has 
been  School  Director  for  six  years;  Re- 
publican. 

Comstock  A.  farm;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

COMSTOCK  FRAXKI^IX,  Farm- 
er;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  "N". 
Y.,  Jan.  12,  1842;  owns  106  acres  land, 
valued  at  $4,500;  married  Minerva  Frank- 
lin, Feb.  25,1874;  she  was  born  in  Durand, 
July  31,  1848;  they  have  one  child  living, 
Mabel  Irene,  born  March  11,  1875;  lost 
one,  Laura,  born  April  18,  1877;  died  May 
12,  1877 ;  Mrs.  C.  is  a  daughter  of  Chas.  M. 
Franklin,  who  was  among  the  first  settlers 
of  Durand ;  came  there  many  years  ago, 
passing  through  all  the  hardships  of  the 
early  pioneer;  he  is  now  sixty-seven  years 
of  age;  living  on  the  same  farm  he  opened 
up  in  early  times. 

COIVKLIX  JACOB  B.  Farmer; 
Sec.  11;  P.O.  Rockford ;  boin  in  Wayne 
Co.,  Penn.,  April  6,  1816 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1839 ;  owns  263  acres  land,  valued  at 
$16,000;  married  Hannah  Ellis,  Aug.  19, 
1847 ;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  Jan.25,1825 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1845;  they  have  three 
children  living,  Jesse  M.,  aged  24;  Barna 
T.,  17;  and  CoraLina,  14;  lost  two,  Amelia 
M.,  died  Oct.  3,  1850,  aged  4  months ;  and 
Alta  Teressa,  aged  1  ye'ar  and  9  months; 
Mr.  C.  went  over  land  to  California  in 
1850 ;  returned  same  year  by  water ;  start- 
for  Pike's  Peak  in  1859 ;  reached  the  foot 
of  the  Rocky  Mountains;  heard  unfavora- 
ble reports  and  returned;  in  1865  he  sold 
his  farm  in  Harrison,  and,  with  his  family, 
started  over  land  for  Oregon;  had  several 
Indian  scares;  all  of  their  horses  stam- 
peded ;  recovered  all  but  two ;  had  one  of 
the  parly  killed  and  scalped  by  the  In- 
dians within  sight  of  the  ttain;  finally 
reached  Oregon  in  safety ;  wintered  there 
with  his  family,  and  returned  in  1866  to 
this  Co.  and  purchased  the  farm  he  now 
resides  on ;  Liberal  in  politics. 

Conklin  J.  farmer;  Sec.  11;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Corbin  L.  J.  farm ;  S.  33 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Corney  C.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.O.  Pecatonica. 

Cowley  P.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Cowley  T.  farm;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Cox  Chas.  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford, 


584 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTOBY: 


COX  HEIVRY  A.  Farmer  (Renter); 
Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford;  boru  Genessee 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  6,  1851 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
when  an  infant,  witli  his  father,  twenty-six 
years  ago;  lives  on  his  father's  farm  of 
154  acres;  married  Mary  S.  Merchant, 
March  8,  1876;  she  was  born  in  Bm-ritt, 
Jan.  39,  1858;  they  luive  one  daughter,  Ida 
Stella,  boru  July  9,  1877 ;  Mr.  Cox  is  a 
prominent  member  of  the  I.  O.  O.  F. :  is  a« 
Republican;  Mrs.  C.'s  father,  Jas.  Mer- 
cliant,  came  to  this  Co.  from  Scotland  25 
years  ago;  settled  on  apart  of  Sec.  23, 
where  he  lived,  a  good  citizen,  respected 
by  all  who  knew  him,  until  Jan.  29,  1874, 
when  he  came  to  his  death  while  getting 
wood  near  the  west  line  of  Burritt,  by  the 
falling  of  a  tree,  which,  striking  him, 
caused  instant  death ;  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Consrregational  Church;  was  a  good 
Republican. 

Cox  Mark,  Sec.  14 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Cox  Wm.  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Crockett  J.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Harrison. 


D 


AVIS  G.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 

Dean  R.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 
Dickinson  G.  farm;  Sec.  27;  P.O.  Rockford. 

DICKIXSOX  'WM.  Farmer;  Sec. 
27;  P.O.  Rockford;  born  in  Yorkshire, 
Eng.,  July  23,  1821 ;  married  Ann  Cow- 
ard, May  12,  1844;  she  was  born  in  same 
Co.,  Eng.,  Jan.  10,  1821 ;  they  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1845:  owns  285  acres  land,  valued 
■  at  $17,500;  they  have  nine  children  living, 
Rebecca,  Emily,  Frederick  W.,  Geo.  W., 
Florence,  William,  Annie,  Charles,  and 
Theodore  P. ;  lost  one  daughter,  Lucy ; 
died  at  the  age  of  2  years  and  seven 
months;  Mr.  D.  was  Commissioner  of 
Highways  one  term ;  has  been  School  Di- 
rector for  20  years;  is  Liberal  in  political 
views;  has  passed  through  some  lively 
scenes,  one  of  which  occurred  26  years 
ago;  a  tornado  struck  his  farm,  leveling 
his  house,  fences,  fete,  to  the  ground, 
smashing  all  the  crockery,  furniture,  etc., 
the  house  contained,  and  leaving  the  fam- 
ily out  in  the  wet. 

Dobson  J.  P.  farm;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Dobson  Jos. farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Dobson  L.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Dow  Alex,  farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Dow  Robt.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Durno  E.  B.  farm ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

DURNO  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O. 
Rockford ;  born  in  Scotland,  Oct.  20,  1801 ; 
married  Jane  Legge,  Dec.  23,  1826;  she 
was  born  in  Cummingtown,  Scotland, 
July  4,  1798;  they  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1846;  owns  150  acres  land,  valued  at  $7,- 
500;  they  have  five  children  living,  Elsie 
L.,  Clara  Jane,  John,  George  L.,  and  Ed- 
win B. ;    lost  William,  who  fell    at    the 


battle  of  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862,  fight'ng 
bravely  for  the  old  flag;  he  was  a  member 
of  Company  F,  45th  1.  V..  I. ;  James,  and 
Mary,  their  little  daughter,  they  buried 
June  22,  1837;  Mr.  D.  has  been  a  deacon 
in  the  church  for  16  years;  tliey  are  both 
members  of  the  First  Baptist,  Rockford ; 
they  are  staunch  Republicans,  with  a 
clear  record. 

Dyson  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Dyson  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

EDDIE  EDWARD,  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P. 
O.  Rockford. 
Eddie  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Eddie  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

FAWCETT  WILLIAM,  farmer;  Sec.  4; 
P.  O.  Harrison. 

Felch  Eli  L.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Felch  H.  H.  farm;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Fell  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Fell  Thos.  farmer;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

FORBES  JAUES,  Farmer;  Sec.  33; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Scotland,  in 
1822 ;  came  to  Canada  in  1833 ;  married 
Petriua  Kinghom,  in  1845 ;  she  was  born 
in  Scotland,  in  1820 ;  they  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1852;  owns  168  acres  of  land,  val- 
ued at  $9,000;  have  six  children  living, 
Agnes  D.,  David,  William  J.,  George, 
Wilson,  and  John;  lost  two,  Robert  and 
Dorothea;  have  one  adopted  daughter, 
Josephine;  Mr.  Forbes  has  been  School 
Director  for  three  years ;  they  all  belong 
to  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  at  Win- 
nebago. 

FRANJKLIX  OEORGE,  Farmer; 
Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Durand 
Tp.,  March  17,  1857;  owns  80  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  $4,000;  unmarried;  his 
father  came  to  this  Co.  in  1837  or  '38,  and 
settled  in  Durand,  where  he  has  lived 
ever  since,  working  hard  and  suffering  all 
the  privations  and  hardships  of  the  early 
pioneer;  has  carted  to  Chicago,  Mineral 
Point,  and  various  other  distant  places,  in 
order  to  find  a  market,  Rockford  at  that 
time  only  containing  a  few  houses ;  Mr. 
F.  is  a  Republican ;  is  a  member  of  the 
M.  E.  Church. 

Franklin  Oscar,  farm;  S.  16;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Furze  John,  farm;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Rockford- 

GILLMORE    JAMES,    Sec.    32;    P.  O. 
Winnebago. 

OAYIiORD  OEORGE,  Sec.  15;  P 
O.  Rockford;  born  in  Ohio,  Jan.  28,  1853; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1857,  with  his  father, 
when  most  of  the  farms  now  under  culti- 
vation were  wild  prairie;  his  father  lived 
here  thirteen  years,  then  removed  to  Mich- 
igan, where  he  now  resides;  has  nine  chil- 
dren living,  Marion,  Margaret,  Marietta, 
Mary,  Minnette,  May,  Minerva,  George, 


BUKlilTT    "yOWNSHIP. 


585 


and  Charles;  lost  one  son,  Rice,  aged  2 
years ;  Mr.  Gaylord,  Jr.,  is  a  member   of 

•    the  I.  O.  O.  F. 

Glare  F.  rents  farm;  Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

OORDON  «EOR«E,  Farmer;  Sec. 
29:  P.  O.  Rockford;  horn  in  Scotland, 
March  22,  1^:1(5;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855; 
owns  100  acres  land,  valued  at  $4,000; 
married  Jessie  Burnett,  in  1858 ;  she  was 
born  in  Scotland,  May  30,  18:51 ;  they  have 
six  children  living,  Georsre,  .l^ine,  James, 
Jessie,  Mary,  and  Alexander;  lost  one,  in- 
fant; Mr.  Gordon  and  family  are  members 
of  the  Presbyterian  Churcii. 

OROVER  EDWIN  R.  Farmer ;  Sec. 
14;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Cattaraugus 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  1,  1820;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1837;  owns  80  acres  of  laud,  valued  at 
$4,000;  married  Elizabeth  Scott,  June  22, 
1850;  she  was  born  in  Richland  Co.,  Ohio. 
Feb.  14,  1830;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1837; 
they  have  three  children,  Mary  M.,  Cor- 
nelia E.,  and  Ida  L.,  aged  respectively  26, 
23,  and  21 ;  Mr.  G.  has  held  the  po-^ition 
of  Town  Collector,  Constable,  and  School 
Director,  for  several  years  each;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  G.  and  their  three  daughters  are  all 
members  of  the  M.  E.  Church ;  Mr.  G.  is 
a  staunch  Republican ;  is  also  a  prominent 
member  of  the  I.  O.  O.  F. 


H 


ARROLD  SAMUEL,  farmer;  Sec.  26; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 

HAMER  AXN,  Farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O. 
Rockford ;  widow  of  Andrew  Hamer,  who 
was  born  in  England,  in  1801;  married 
Ann  Dennis,  in  1828;  she  was  born  in 
England,  Dec.  9,  1809 ;  they  came  to  thi.s 
Co.  in  1851 ;  owns  88  acres  land,  valued  at 
$4,500;  Mr.  H.  died  April  5,  1864;  they 
have  four  children  living:  Jane,  aged  47; 
Elizabeth  L.,  43;  Mary,  41,  and  William 
E.,  29;  lost  four:  Robert,  aged  1  j-ear; 
Alice,  6  months;  one  infant;  and  Robert 
A.,  who  enlisted,  Sept.  9,  1861,  in  the  55th 
I.  V.  I.,  shared  all  the  hardships  and  pri- 
vations of  his  regiment,  on  marches,  in 
scouts  and  battles,  up  to  the  29th  of  Maj', 
1863,  when  he  fell,  while  with  his  regi- 
ment charging  the  works  in  front  of 
Vicksburg ;  Mrs.  H.  was  among  the  early 
settlers  of  this  town ;  her  three  daughters 
are  all  married ;  one  living  in  Kansas,  an- 
other in  Nebraska,  and  one  in  this  Co.; 
she  lives  on  the  old  farm,  with  her  only 
son. 

Hartley  Thos.  farm;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hartley  Thos.  S.  farm;  S.  4;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

HEMEXWAY  CALVIN  A.  Farm- 
er; Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Ver- 
mont, Jan.  13,  1823 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1837;  owns  216  acres  land,  valued  at  $14,- 
000;  married  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Rudd,  Sept. 
3,  1848;  she  was  born  in  England,  Dec.  18, 
1827;  they  have  five  children  living: 
Christina,  born  Aug.  21.  1851 ;  Henry, 
March  26, 1856 ;  Chester  Leroy,  May  18, 


1858;  Lydia  Nora,  July  10,  1862;  and 
Rollo  Asa,  Dec.  15,  1869;  lost  four,  Charles 
Louis,  Flora,  Leon  Winfred,  and  Alice  O. ; 
Mr.  H.  was  Town  Clerk  12  years,  Town 
Treasurer  14  years,  Supervisf)r  5  years; 
has  held  various  other  minor  otlices, 
School  Director,  etc.;  has  been  Superin- 
tendent of  Sunday-school  for  15  or  16 
years;  Mr.  H.'s  father  came  here  in  1837, 
traveling  all  the  way  from  Vermont  in  a 
twn-horse  wagon,  bringing  his  family, 
consisting  of  nine  persons;  was  only  five 
families  in  Burritt  when  he  arrived ;  Mr. 
H.  was  an  Old  Line  Wliig;  is  now  a  Re- 
publican; they  are  all  members  of  the 
church. 

Henry  Wm.  laborer;  S.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Herrington  Ira,  farm;  S.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

HERRINGTON  JESSE,  Farmer; 
Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Farmer- 
ville,  Canada,  May  27,  1820;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  October,  1838;  owns  80  acres  land, 
valued  at  $3,200;  married  Mary  W. 
Brown,  Dec.  12,  1848 ;  she  was  born  in 
Belmont  Co.,  Ohio,  June  6,  1826;  came  to 
Illinois  in  1839,  to  this  Co.  in  1846;  they 
have  six  children:  Martha  E.,  born  Nov. 
8,  1849;  Ira,  May  29,  1852;  May  L.,  Oct. 
26,1855;  Charlie  L.,  July  25,  1860;  Ella 
May,  May  19, 1863;  and  Eugene  B.,  March 
24,  1867;'  Mr.  H.  came  here  when  the  Co. 
was  very  thinly  settled ;  he  worked  on  a 
farm  by  the  month  the  first  winter,  near 
the  mouth  of  the  Pecatonica;  in  the 
spring  he  worked  for  Newton  Cunning- 
ham, near  Rockford,  which  at  that  time 
contained  about  twenty  houses ;  has  owned 
several  tracts  of  land  at  different  times; 
has  occupied  the  farm  where  he  now  re- 
sides since  1849;  has  been  Commissioner 
of  Highways  for  13  years,  and  School  Di- 
rector for  "^several  years ;  Simon  Brown, 
the  father  of  Mrs.  H.,  came  here  in  1846, 
remained  here  two  years,  then  returned  to 
his  old  home,  in  Bond  Co.,  where  he  died, 
in  1864,  aged  86  years. 

Higgenbottom  Jas.  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

tligiienbottom  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 

Higgenbottom  Wm.  J.  rents  farm;  Sec.  8; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hllili  DONAIil>.  Farmer;  S«c.  1; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Scotland,  in 
1850;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1862;  owns  96 
acres  land,  valued  at  $5,000;  married 
Lola,  daughter  of  Alfred  A.  Needham,  and 
sister  to  Capt.  F.  M.  Needham.  of  Rock- 
ford ;  she  was  born  in  Cleaveland,  Ohio, 
Sept.  5,  1853;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855; 
became  his  wife  Dec.  30,  1875 ;  they  have 
one  daughter,  ]\Iary,  born  March  7,  1877. 

HIIiTON  FRANCIS.  Farmer;  Sec- 
8;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  England,  June 
11,  1818;  married  Milcah  Hartly,  in  1840; 
she  was  born  in  England,  Nov.  5,  1815; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  the  fall  of  1843;  settled 


586 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY    DIBECTORT 1 


first  in  Duiantl,  then  known  as  Howard ; 
18  months  later  came  to  Burritt,  where  he 
has  lived  ever  since;  owns  190  acres  land, 
valued  at  $8,000;  liave  six  children  liv- 
inc;,  Rebecca,  Edwin,  Jane  Amelia,  Frank, 
William,  and  Mary;  lost  two,  Nancy,  aged 
35,  and  Angelina,  9;  Mr.  H.  was  one  of 
the  old  settlers  of  Burritt,  only  a  few  scat- 
tering cabins  on  the  then  wild  prairie;  has 
carted  grain,  with  oxen,  from  here  to  Ra- 
cine, Milwaukee,  and  Chicago,  in  order  to 
find  a  market. 

Hilton  Frank, farm;  Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Hilton  R.  tarmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Rockford 
Hooker  W.  W.  farm  ;  Sec.27 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Hoyt  G.  W.  rents  farm;  S.27;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Hunter  D.  J.  farm  ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  Winnebago. 
Hustand  H.  rents  farm ;  S.  21 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

JENNINGS  E.  H.  rents  farm;  Sec.  34;  P. 
O.  Rockford. 

JEXXIXGS  JOS.  Farmer;  Sec.  34; 
P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Hampshire,  Eng- 
land, Oct.  11,1811;  married  Amelia  Smith, 
May  31,  1834;  she  was  born  in  same  place, 
in  1806;  they  came  to  this  Co.  in  1844; 
settled  in  Rockford,  where  Mrs.  Jennings 
died  in  1846;  they  had  six  children,  two  of 
whom  are  living,  Berkett  and  Jabez,  both 
in  Iowa-,  lost  four,  Robert,  Amelia,  Isabella 
and  Joseph ;  Mr.  J.  was  married  again  to 
Mary  E.  Weldou,  June  22,  1848;  she  was 
born  at  Keene,  N.  H. ;  took  possession  of 
the  farm  on  which  lie  now  resides,  in  1855 ; 
owns  355  acres  land,  valued  at  $18,000; 
they  have  six  children,  Lauretta,  Ernest 
H.,  Adelaide,  Josephine,  Minnie  and  Rob- 
ert ;  Mr.  Jennings  is  School  Director,  now 

'  serving  his  second  term;  the  family  attend 
the  Presbyterian  church  at  Winnebago; 
Jonathan  Weldon,  father  of  Mr.:^.  J.  was 
one  of  the  oldest  settlers  of  this  Co. ;  only 
two  houses  where  Rockford  now  stands, 
one  on  the  east  side,  occupied  by  Mr. 
Haight,  the  other  on  the  west  side,  by  Mr. 
Kent,  who  ran  the  ferry ;  Mr.  J.  had  two 
sons  in  the  army  during  the  war,  both  ot 
whom  were  severely  wounded ;  Berkett  re- 
ceived a  ball  through  his  lungs. 

Johnson  Edgar,  farm ;  Sec.  4 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Jorden  Emery,  farm ;  Sec.l9 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

KEITH  ADAM,  Jr.,  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P. 
O.  Winnebago. 
Keith  W.  H.  farm;  Sec.31;  P.O.  Winnebago. 
Kessack  J.  farmer ;  SeciSO ;  P.O.  Winnebago. 
Kessack  W.  farm;  Sec.  20;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

KKAPP  ASHtEY,  Farmer;  Sec. 
16;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  McKean  Co., 
Penn.,  Jan.  7,  1821 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
Oct.,  1842;  owns  210  acres  land,  valued  at 
$15,000;  married  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Wiliams, 
daughter  of  the  late  Rev.  Richard  Herring- 
ton,  of  Kingville,  Ontario,  Dec.  31,  1844; 
she  was  born    near    Kingston,    Canada, 


April  4,  1817;  came  to  this  Co.  July  4, 
1839 ;  have  four  children  living,  Lauretta, 
born  Sept.  27,  1846;  AurillaF.,  Sept.  10, 
1848;  Lucretia,  March  3,  1852;  Warren 
Jesse,  Sept.  21,  1856;  Mrs.  K.  had  four 
children  by  first  marriage ;  two  died  in  in- 
fancy, Henrietta  and  Erastus ;  Louisa  died 
aged  28,  and  Richard,  who  was  doing  duty 
in  an  Iowa  battery,  died  in  St.  Louis,  of 
pneumonia;  they  lost  one  daughter,  Lo- 
vina,  who  died  at  the  age  of  eight  }-ears ; 
Mr.  K.  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace  25 
years,  School  Trustee  20  years  and  School 
Director  for  many  years ;  was  22  years  of 
age  when  he  came  to  this  Co. ;  the  first  win- 
ter, 1842-43,  was  the  severest  winter  he  has 
seen ;  snow  commenced  falling  in  Novem- 
ber, and  from  that  time  the  weather  was 
very  cold ;  snow  was  three  or  four  feet 
deep;  could  cross  the  river  on  the  ice  as 
late  as  April  10;  cut  the  timber  and  split 
rails  at  50c  per  hundred;  are  all  members 
of  Baptist  church. 

KKTAPP    ELIZABETH   J  AXE, 

Widow ;  rents  house  on  Mr.  Felt's  farm ; 
Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Rockford;  her  late  husband, 
Elihu  Knapp,  who  was  born  in  Penn.,  in 
1824,  came  to  this  Co.  about  30  years  ago ; 
pre-empted  80  acres  of  land  where  E.  S . 
Felch  now  lives;  married  Elizabeth  J. 
Westbrook,  June  6,  1847 ;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio,  Oct.  17,  1826;  have  three  children 
living;  Chas.  E.,  aged  29;  Geo.  E.,  19; 
Clara  Alice,  15;  lost  three.  Leroy,  aged  9; 
Irvis,  5 ;  Mary  Jane,  8  weeks;  in  1856  they 
sold  out  and  moved  to  Iowa,  where  Mr.  K. 
died  in  1863;  Mrs.  K.  then  returned  to  this 
Co.,  where  she  has  lived  ever  since;  Chas. 
E.  was  in  the  army  during  the  latter  part 
of  the  war;  served  one  year,  and  was  hon- 
orably discharged  at  Cairo  at  the  close  of 
the  war. 

KXAPP  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.O. 
Rockford;  born  in  McKean  Co.,  Penn., 
April  23,  1839;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
owns  150  acres  laud,  valued  at  $7,500; 
married  Martha  Scott,  March  16,  1864; 
she  was  born  in  Burritt  Tp.,  Oct.  27,  1843 ; 
have  five  children  living;  Minnie,  aged 
12;Lula,  10;  Chas.  H.,  7;  Mabel,  6;  Al- 
berta, 3  months,  the  latter  being  the  sur- 
vivor of  twins,  the  little  boy,  Albert,  hav- 
ing died  at  the  age  of  2  months  and  20 
days ;  Mr.  K.  is  now  and  has  been  for  the 
past  8  years,  Town  Clerk ;  is  also  School 
Director,  a  position  he  has  filled  for  the 
last  10  years;  he  is  a  prominent  member 
of  the  Order  of  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  Rockford ; 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kane  are  both  members  of 
the  Methodist  church. 

Knight  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

LIGHTFOOT  RICHARD, 
Farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Rockford; 
born  in  England,  Jan.  29,1824;  Came  to 
this  Co.  in  1851 ;  owns  250  acres  land,  val- 
ued at  $12,000;  married  Susan  Swindells, 
daughter  of  Wm.  Statham,  of  Derbyshire, 


BUKKITT   TOWNSHIP. 


589 


Oct.  10,  1859;  she  was  born  in  England, 
June  14,  1835;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857; 
had  four  children  by  tirst  marriage,  Wm. 
J.,  Margaret,  Ann  and  Emma  Jane ;  one 
by  last  marriage,  Nathaniel ;  Mr.  L,  was 
School  Director  seven  years  and  Pound 
Master  rive  years;  they  afl  attend  the  Meth- 
odist churcli;  Mr.  L.'s  brother  died  near 
Vicksburg,  in  18(33,  iu  95th  regt.  I.  V.  I. 

L.ITiI.lE  ELIJAH  M.  Farmer; 
Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Windham 
Co.,  Conn.,  Dec.  1,  1844;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1858;  owns  80  acres  land,  valued  at 
$4,000;  married  Mary  M.  Grover,  Sept.  2, 
18(J0 ;  she  was  born  in  Burrilt  Tp.,  July  81, 
1851 ;  have  two  children,  Leta  May  and 
Villa  Pearl,  aged  respectively  5  and  3 
years;  Mr.  and  Mrs  Lillie  are  both  mem- 
bers of  the  Methodist  church. 

liUDIiEY  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  21;  P. 
O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Lincolnshire,  Eng- 
land, in  1804;  married  Elizabeth  Palmer, 
in  1844 ;  came  to  this  Co.  about  1847 ;  owns 
86  acres  of  land,  valued  at  if;5,000;  have 
two  children;  Joseph,  aged  31,  and  Ade- 
line, 10;  the  former  was  in  the  service  from 
1861 ;  was  in  the  Lead  Mine  Regt.,  from 
Galena,  which  saw  some  of  the  hardest 
service;  was  in  18  difterent  engagements 
in  the  Southwest;  went  with  Sherman  in 
his  march  to  the  sea ;  was  honorably  dis- 
charged at  the  close  of  the  war ;  is  now 
living  in  Iowa ;  Mr.  L.  was  School  Director 
for  two  3'ears. 


M 


cCLISH  JOHN,   farmer; 
O.  Rockford.  . 


Sec.  37 ;  P. 


McCoy  H.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

McDOUGALL  DAN.  C.  Farmer; 
Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Scotland, 
March  23,  1830;  married  Jessie  B.  Patter- 
son, June  1,  1851 ;  came  to  this  Co.  same 
year ;  owns  90  acres  land,  valued  at  $6,000 ; 
have  five  children  living;  Jane,  aged  24: 
Kate,  22;  John,  19;  James,  15;  Arthur,  12; 
lost  their  eldest  son,  Alonzo,  born  Dec.  7, 
1856,  died  Feb.  13,  1858;  Mr.  McD.  was 
three  years  Supervisor,  Commissioner  six 
years.  Collector  two  years.  Justice  of  the 
Peace  one  year,  and  is  now  Township 
Treasurer,  all  of  which  offices  he  has  filled 
to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the  public; 
has  always  been  a  Republican,  but  is 
rather  inclined  to  the  liberal  party — 
Greenbacks;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mc.  are  mod- 
ern Spiritualists. 

McDougall  J.  farm ;  S.  28 ;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

MclIAHO^r    HUOH,   Sec   28;  P.  O 

Rockford ;  born  in  Ireland,  Jan.  6,  1846 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1853 ;  owns  170  acres 
land,  valued  at  $8,000;  married  Ellen 
Barnes,  Feb.  18,  1868;  she  was  born  in 
Kilkenny,  Ireland,  Dec,  1845;  came  to 
this  Co.  iu  1852;  have  four  children  liv- 
ing, John  Francis,  James,  George  P.  and 
Thomas  Joseph ;  lost  one  son,  David  Hen- 


ry, born  May  29,  1870,  died  Feb.  28,  1871; 
Mr.  Mc.  was  Sergeant  in  Co.  A,  90th  I.  V. 
I.,  and  Coilor  Bearer  of  the  regt. ;  enlisted 
in  1802;  was  with  the  army  of  the  South- 
west, and  was  in  21  of  the  principal  battles, 
beginning  with  Vicksburg  and  ending 
with  Bentonville,  N.  C,  seeing  all  of  Sher- 
man's campaign  and  Ihe  Grand  Review  at 
Washiugtcm  in  1865;  Wm.  Flehiing,  aged 
10  years,  a  sister's  .son,  has  been  living 
with  Mrs.  McMahon  since  he  was  a  year 
old ;  her  mother,  aged  65,  also  resides  with 
her;  they  are  all  members  of  the  Catholic 
church. 

McMahon  T.  farm;  S.  30;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

McNamara  J.  farm ;  Sec.  28 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

McPherson  J.  farm;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Rockford. 

McSweeney  M.  farm;  Sec.34;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Marshall  H.  W.  laborer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Win- 
nebago. 

Michel  J.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Milne  A.  tarmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Milne  Alex.,  Jr.,  farmer;  Sec. 26;  P.O.  Rock- 
ford. 

Milne  F.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Milne  J.  renter ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Milne  R.  farm  renter;  S.29;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Milne  L.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.Winnebago. 

Milne  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Rockford. 

MINARI>    FRANK,    Laborer;    Sec. 
17 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  is  a  son  of  William 
Minard,  who  resides  iu  Owen;    farmer; 
Sec.   32;    P.  O.  Rockford;    was   born   in  • 
Windham  Co.,  Vermont,  June  13,  1806; 

'  came  to  this  Co.  iu  1871 ;  owns  80  acres 
land;  married  Ann  Glover,  of  Windham, 
Vermont,  in  1834;  they  have  nine  chil- 
dren, three  sons  and  six  daughters ;  he  is 
a  Democrat;  Frank  makes  his  home  at 
John  Atkinson's,  Burritt. 

Montague  J.  renter;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

MONKS  RALPH,  Farmer;  Sec.  10; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  England,  Oct. 
22,  1834;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854;  settled 
on  the  farm  where  he  now  resides;  owns 
136  acres  land,  valued  at  $5,000 ;  married 
Maria  Irving,  July  3,  1861;  she  w^as  born 

,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  Jan.  6,1838;  came 
to  this  country  in  1847;  settled  in  Mass. ; 
removed  to  this  Co.  in  1863;  they  have 
seven  children,  James  Irving,  aged  15; 
Jennie  G.,  13;  John  A.,  11;  Willie  H.,  9; 
MarJ^  5;  Selina,  4,  and  George  W.,  7 
months;  Mrs.  M.'s  father  was  one  of  the 
early  settlers  of  Burritt;  wild  prairie  and 
but  few  houses  between  him  and  Rockford ; 
Mr.  M.  is  a  Republican;  the  family  attend 
the  M.  E.  Church. 

Moore  J.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Murphy  D.  renter;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Murphy  H.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Murphy  P.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O. Rockford. 


590 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DIRECTORY: 


NETTLETON  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  25; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 

NEEOHAITI  ALFRED  A.  Farmer; 
Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rocktbrd;  born  in  Wales, 
Mass.;  married  Eunice  L.  Moulton,  in 
1841 ;  slie  was  born  in  Wales,  Mass.,  Marcli 
11,  1819;  they  came  to  this  Co.  in  1856; 
have  live  children  livmg,  Franklin  M., 
aged  34;  Horace  M.,  28;  Mary  E.  and 
Maria  S.  (twins),  25,  and  Lola,  23;  lost 
five,  Frances  and  Henry  died  in  Conn., 
Samuel  died  in  Rockford  from  the  eflFect 
of  a  scidd,  and  Freddie  and  William  A. 
at  the  farm  in  Burritt;  Mr.  Needham  is 
an  Iron  Moulder;  has  followed  the  busi- 
ness 34  years,  in  Mass.,  Conn.,  N.  Y., 
Ohio,  and  Ills.;  was  last  employed  as 
foreman  of  this  branch  in  the  extensive 
establishment  of  N.  C.  Thomson,  Rock- 
foid,  his  son,  the  late  Wm.  A.,  attending 
to  the  farm  in  his  absence;  owns  310 
acres  land,  valued  at  $13,000. 

O'BRIEN  GEORGE,  farmer;  Sec.  30; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 
O'Brien  James,  farm;  S.  30;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
O'Brien  John,  farm ;  Sec.  30;  P.O.  Rockford. 
O'Brien  P.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Oliver  J.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  C>.  Rockford. 

PALMER  CALEB,  farmery  Sec.  17;  P.O. 
Pecatonica. 

PAIiMEB  JOHJ¥  G.  Farmer;  Sec. 
13;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  England, 
June  9,  1824;  married  Mary  Skinner, 
June  30,  1851;  she  was  born  in  England, 
Nov.  8,  1827;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1856; 
owns  96^4  acres  land,  valued  at  $5,000; 
they  have  three  children  living,  Edward, 
aged  25;  James  E.,  18,  and  Elizabeth 
Alice,  16;  lost  one  daughter,  Sarah  Jane, 
born  Nov.  30,  1856,  died  Dec.  29,  1856; 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  P.  and  two  of  their  children 
are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church ;  he  is 
a  Republican;  during  a  tornado  about  16 
years  ago,  their  house  was  unroofed,  and 
one  side  of  the  roof  carried  in  such  a 
manner  over  a  wheat  field  that  it  literally 
headed  the  grain  for  the  distance  of  four 
rods;  the  other  side  was  torn  in  pieces, 
and  the  shingles  carried  by  the  wind  over 
two  miles. 

Penille  R.  farmer;  Sec.27;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Pitcher  B.  farmer;  Sec.28;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Pitcher  J.  farmer;  Sec.28;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Potter  M.  farmer;  Sec.  11 ;    P.  O.  Rockford. 

RADFORD  EDMII^TD.  Farmer; 
Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in 
England,  Dec.  10,  1832;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1852;  owns  971/2  acres  land,  valued  at 
$5,000;  married  Catherine  Atkinson ;  she 
was  born  in  Central  Square,  N.  Y.,  Feb. 
10,  1834;  they  have  no  children  living; 
lost  three  in  infancy;  Mr.  R.  has  never 
been  on  the  jury  nor  in  the  witness  box. 


nor  held  any  ofiice  in  a  period  of  25  years 
that  he  has  been  a  resident  of  Burritt; 
has  always  been  a  Democrat;  Mrs.  R.'s 
father  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Harri- 
son ;  came  there  in  1837,  when  there  was 
only  now  and  then  a  cabin  on  the  prairie, 
and  very  few  where  Rockford  now  stands; 
died  at  his  home  in  Harrison  over  30  years 
ago. 
Rearden  D.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.O.  Rockford. 

RICHARDSON  EDWIX  B.  Well 
Driller;  Renter;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford  ; 
born  in  Canada,  Oct.  30,  1841 ;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1851;  married  Sarah  N.  Blew- 
field,  Feb.  6,  1865 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y., 
Aug.  10,  1841;  they  have  two  children, 
Hattie  May,  bom  May  13, 1866,  and  Charles 
Edwin,  Jan.  29,  1875;  Mr.  Richardson 
and  family  attend  the  M.  E.  Church ;  he 
is  a  member  of  the  A.  F.  and  A.  M.  Star 
of  the  East,  Lodge  No.  166,  Rockford. 

RILEY  WILLIAM,  Farmer;  Sec. 
32;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  England, 
Aug.  16,  1835 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857 ; 
owns  305  acres  land,  valued  at  f  15,000; 
married  Mrs.  Charlotte  Randerson, 
daughter  of  George Milnes,  Dec.  25,  I860; 
she  was  born  in  England,  March  15,  1826; 
married  Joseph  Randerson  and  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1848;  he  died  in  1859,  leaving 
her  with  five  children,  George  M.,  born 
July  17,  1849;  Alice,  Aug.  17,  1851;  Mary 
H.,  Dec.  19,  1853;  William  H.,  March  1, 
1856,  and  Joseph,  Feb.  13,  1859;  Alice 
and  Mary  have  since  died,  aged  respect- 
ively, 19  and  20;  has  three  children  by 
second  marriage,  John,  born  May  1,  1861; 
Deliah  A.,  Sept.  3,  1864,  and  Minnie  A., 
May  6,  1871;  lost  two  infants;  Mr.  R.  has 
been  School  Director  for  six  years;  is  a 
member  of  Winnebago  Lodge  No.  745, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M. ;  Mrs.  R.  is  a  member  ol 
the  M.  E.  Church ;  family  attend  same. 

Roger  J.  farmer;  Sec.  16. 

Roger  William,  farmer ;  Sec.  16. 

ROIVE  DANIEL  I.  Farmer;  Sec. 
34;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Stephen- 
town,  Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  20, 1819; 
married  Phebe  A.  Johnson  April  10,  1845 ; 
she  was  born  at  Sand  Lake,  same  Co., 
Feb.  9,  1825;  they  came  to  this  Co.  June, 
1852 ;  settled  in  Laona,  where  they  resided 
17  years ;  went  from  there  to  Wis.,  where 
they  stayed  1  year;  returned  to  this  Co. 
and  took  possession  of  the  farm  they  now 
occupy,  in  1869;  they  have  four  children, 
ElfredM.,  aged  29;  Orcelia  M.,  23;  Ellis 
J.,  16,  and  Arlettie  B.,  9;  Mr.  R.  was 
Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Laona  for  1  year, 
and  School  Director  6  years;  is  School 
Director  here  now  and  has  been  for  5 
years;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rowe  are  members 
of  the  Free  Will  Baptist  Church,  in  Laoua ; 
Republican. 

ROST  CHARLES,  Farmer;  Sec.  2; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Sweden,  Jan.  1, 
1840;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1868;  owns  100 


BURRITT   TOWNSHIP. 


591 


acres  land,  valued  at  $5,000;  married 
Caroline  Ericson,  in  1878;  she  was  boru 
in  Sweden,  July  31,  183(j;  they  have  one 
child,  Charles  Albert,  boru  Feb.  15,  1874; 
they  are  both  members  of  the  Swedish 
Church,  in  Kockford ;  Mr.  Host  came  to 
country  a  poor  man.  and  by  hard  work 
and  economy  has  made  himself  tlie  com- 
fortable home  he  now  owns;  Republican. 
RYAX  DAKIEI.  K.  Farm  Renter; 
Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  County 
Clare,  Ireland,  Dec.  24,  1834;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1866,  bringing  his  wife,  whom 
he  married  in  N.  Y.,  where  he  lived  from 
1848  till  he  removed  to  this  Co.;  she  was 
born  in  County  Louth,  Ireland,  Jan.  20, 
1834;  maiden  name,  Ann  O'Conner;  mar- 
ried Oct.  25,  1854;  they  have  live  children 
living,  Maggie  J.,  Mary  A.,  Josephene, 
Frankie  D.  and  Lillie  C. ;  lost  six,  Mary 
E.,  James,  Charlie,  Henry,  Sarah  and 
John  W. ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  R.  and  family  all 
profess  the  Catholic  faith ;  Mr.  R.  is  Lib- 
eral in  politics. 

OARVER  ALEX.  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Sarver  S.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Scott  Chas.  farmer;   Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

SCOTT  ELIZABETH,  Widow; 
Sec.  6 ;  P.O.  Rocktord ;  born  in  Columbiana 
Co.,  O.,  March  26,  1810;  was  married  in 
June,  1827,  to  James  Scott,  a  farmer ;  they 
came  West  and  located  on  the  Pecatonica, 
in  this  town,  in  1838;  husband  died  Dec. 
28,  1865;  had  13  children;  has  26  grand 
children,  and  6  great  grand  children;  8  of 
her  children  are  living:  Henry,  Elizabeth, 
Polly,  Martha,  Sophia,  James  W.,  Milda 
M.  and  Charles  F. ;  James  W.  is  married 
to  Miss  Jane  Stewart,  of  Owen  Tp.,  and 
has  two  children :  Edwin,  born  Aug.  10, 
18  J4,  and  Ella  May,  June  4,  1866;  Charles 
F.  is  married  to  Miss  Drusilla,  daughter 
of  Charles  Mortimore  Franklin,  an  old 
settler  of  Durand,  and  has  one  daughter, 
Lena^boru  July  24,  1877.  Mrs.  S.  owns  68 
acres^Palued  at  $2,380;  J.  W.  owns  105 
acres,  valued  at  $3,150,  and  C.  F.  owns 
residence  and  10  acres,  valued  at  $1,100; 
they  are  Independent  in  politics  and  re- 
ligion. Note. — They  live  in  the  extreme 
N.  W.  corner  of  Sec.  6,  the  line  of  Har- 
rison and  Burritt  running  through  dwell- 
ing. 
Scott  Jas.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  6 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Sharp  Edw.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

SHIELDS  HEXRY,  Farmer;  Sec. 
7;  P.O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Burritt,  Jan. 
15,  1845;  owns  80  acres  land,  valued  at 
$3,200;  married  Ellen  Melissa  Atkinson, 
March  17,  1868;  she  was  born  in  Burritt, 
June  23,  1848;  have  two  children  living: 
Alonzo  Martin,  born  Jan.  11,  1869,  and 
Emma  Amelia,  May  19,  1875;  the  parents 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Shields  came  here  40 
years  ago,  among  the  early  settlers ;  Mr. 


Atkinson  still  lives  here;  Mr.  Shields,  Sr., 
moved  to  Iowa  two  years  ago,  where  he 
now  resides ;  Mr.  S.  and  wife  attend  the 
M.  E.  Church. 
SIEEARS  JOHK,  Rents  Farm;  Sec. 
28;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Scotland,  Dec. 
14,  1849;  came  to  this  Co.  with  his  father 
in  1853,  who  landed  in  Guilford  with  only 
50  cents  in  his  pocket ;  his  mother's  maiden 
name  was  Mary  McDougal ;  she  iiad  three 
children:  Juhu,  aged  28;  Mary,  26,  and 
Agnes,  24;  Mr.  Sillars  died  in  1854;  his 
motlier  was  married  Feb.  24,  1870,  to  John 
Piicher;  owns  80  acres  land,  valued  at 
$4,000 ;  attend  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

SMITH  DA:NIEL,  Farmer;  Sec.  31; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Scotland  in 
1820;,  married  Jennie  Brown;  she  was 
born  in  Scotland  in  1830;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1860,  from  Ohio,  where  he  had  lived 
two  years;  owns  176  acres  land,  valued  at 
$11,000;  have  nine  children:  John,  Mar- 
garet, James,  Marion,  Isabella,  Jessie, 
Jane,  Daniel  and  Lizzie;  he  is  the  owner 
of  some  very  fine  horses,  seldom  fails  to 
carry  off  first  premiums  at  the  Co.  Fairs ; 
Republican;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Smith  and 
family  are  members  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church. 

SMITH  JOHN  J.  Farmer;  Sec.  31; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Argyleshire, 
Scotland,  Aug.  i  3,  1833 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1857 ;  owns  140  acres  land,  valued  at 
$7,000;  married  Jane  Greenlees,  April  28, 
1859;  she  was  born  in  Scotland,  Aug.  29, 
1841 ;  they  have  seven  children  ;  Mary  J., 
Jessie  L.,  Sarah  J.,  Robert  G.,  William  G., 
Thomas  A.  and  Nellie;  Mr.  S.  has  been 
School  Director  about  12  years ;  all  mem- 
bers of  First  Presbyterian  Church,  Win- 
nebago. 

Snowdon  E.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.O.Rockford. 

Southard  C.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.O. Pecatonica. 

Southard  Eugene  F.  Sec.  30 ;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

SOUTHARD     JEFFERSON, 

Farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born 
in  Essex,  N.  Y.,  April  19,  1822;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1843 ;  owns  90  acrcb  land,  valued 
at  $5,000;  married  Sarah  Oviatt,  March 
15,  1853 ;  she  was  born  in  Hudson,  Sum- 
mit Co.,  O.,  Aug.  12,  1832 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1844;  she  also  owns  155  acres  land, 
valued  at  $6,000;  they  have  five  children 
living:  Charles  F.,  Eugene  Freddie,  Mary 
E.,  Albert  L.  and  Eddie  Grant;  lost  one 
in  infancy;  Mr.  S.  was  Commissioner  of 
Highways  one  year,  and  School  Director 
one  term ;  he  came  here  when  the  country 
was  wild;  has  killed  dozens  of  deer  and 
wolves,  and  caught  in  a  trap  the  last  wild 
turkey  ever  heai-cl  of  on  the  Pecatonica ; 
weighed  22  lbs.;  the  family  attend  the 
Congregational  Church. 
SWEET  TRUMAN,  Farmer;  Sec. 
17;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Laona,  Sept. 
25,  1846;  owns  80  acres  land,  valued  at 


592 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY    DlEECTOKY : 


$3,000 ;  married  Martha  J.  Weatherhead, 
Dec.  6,  1866;  she  was  born  in  Harrison, 
June  9,  1848;  tliey  have  four  children, 
Ira  M.,  boru  March  5,  1868;  Leilia  I., 
Aug. 4,  1869;  Willis  J.,  Jane  21,  1872;  aud 
MattieM,  May  32,  1874;  Mr.  S.  was  a 
member  of  the  8th  I.  V.  C. ;  enlisted  Jan. 
4,  1864;  was  in  front  of  Washington  when 
Gen.  Early  made  a  demonstration  in  that 
direction  (Aug.,  1864);  was  afterwards 
with  Sheridan  m  the  Valley;  discharged 
July,  1865 ;  Geo.  W.  Sweet,  father  of  Tru- 
man, has  often  made  the  trip  to  Chicago 
and  Milwaukee,  with  grain  drawn  by 
oxen ;  Rockford  was  then  only  a  ferry. 

Swindle  Wm.  farm;  Sec.  21;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Stewart  A.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

STEWART  DAlSriEIi,  Farmer; 
Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  boru  in  Canada, 
Dec.  3,  1819;  came  lo  this  Co.  in  184); 
owns  222  acres  land,  valued  at  $11,000; 
married  Matilda  Herrington  in  ^833;  she 
was  born  in  Canada;  died  Dec,  1853;  had 
four  children ;  none  now  living;  three  died 
in  infancy,  and  Jas.  P.  was  killed  near 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  June  15, 1864;  was  Sergt.  Co. 
E,  34tli  I.  V.  I. ;  was  in  battles  of  Shiloh, 
Pittsburg  Lauding,  Stone  River  and  sev- 
eral other  important  engagements;  Mr.  S. 
was  married  the  second  time  to  Beulah 
Herrington,  in  1854 ;  have  three  children, 
Alice,  Arminda  and  Eldridge ;  was  School 
Director  three  year.s ;  is  a  prominent  char- 
ter member  of  the  I.  O.  O.  F.  Burritt 
Lodge. 

Stewart  G.  F.  farmer;  Sec. 2;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Stewart  Wm.  farm ;  Sec.  14 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

!STOBR$$  €HAS.  Farmer;  Sec.  2; 
P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Yorkshire,  Eng., 
March  6,  1837 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1858 ; 
owns  90  acres  land,  valued  at  $4,500 ;  was 
married  to  Elizabeth  Moate,  Sept.  27,1860, 
by  the  Rev.  Sam'l  Sloane,  at  his  residence, 
in  the  town  of  Winnebago ;  she  was  born 
in  England,  Dec.  1,1838;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1844;  tliey  have  tive  children  living, 
Frankie  T.,  aged  13 ;  Isabel,  10;  Arthur, 
7 ;  Elizabeth,  5 ;  and  Annie,  3 ;  lost  seven 
in  infancy,  three,  named  respectively 
Walter,  George  and  Alfred;  Mrs.  S.'s 
father,  Sani'l  Moate,  settled  in  Winneba- 
go Co.  when  there  were  only  a  few  houses 
in  Rockford ;  a  trip  to  Chicago  consumed 
from  a  week  to  ten  days;  carted  grain 
tliere,  taking  provisions  along  and  sleep- 
ing in  his  wagon;  sold  for  35c  to  45c  for 
wheat;  often  came  back  in  debt. 

TAPE  JOSEPH,  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.O. 
Wmnebago. 
TEISSIER  ALFRED,  Blacksmith; 
Sec.  15 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Canada, 
Feb.  9,  1832;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857; 
owns  76  acres  land,  valued  at  $5,000;  mar- 
ried Amelia  Mitchell,  Jan.  4,- 1859;  she 
was  born  in  Canada,  May  17,1842;  they 
have  five  children  living,  four  daughters 


and  one  son :  Laoes  Laura,  born  Feb.  13, 
I860:  Mary  Estella,  Nov.  20,  1862;  Alfere, 
Sept.  9,  1804;  Delphene,  July  24,  1870; 
aud  Ida  Amelia,  Sept.  26,  1873;  lost  three: 
Lester,  aged  1  year;  Zillali  May,  aged  10; 
and  Alfred,  aged  7  mouths ;  Mr.  T.  has 
been  School  Director  for  three  terms  of 
three  years  each ;  he  is  a  prominent  mem- 
ber of  the  I.  O.  O.  F.;  himself,  wife  and 
two  elder  children  are  members  of  the  M. 
E.  Church ;  has  always  been  a  Republican- 
TODD  DA:»«IEL,  Farmer  (Renter); 
Sec.  13 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Somer- 
set Co.,  N.  J.,  Oct.  6,  1851 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1855 ;  married  Altie  Compton,  Sept. 
23,  1875;  she  was  born  in  Burritt  Tp., 
March  12,  1859. 

WALLACE  CHAS.  Painter  and 
Grainer;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in 
England,  May  28,  1848;  left  the  British 
line  of  battle  ship  "Agamemnon  "in  1861; 
joined  ti)e  U.  S.  N.  in  the  capacity  of  first 
class  boy  on  board  the  gun-boat  "Pem- 
bina;" was  in  the  battles  of  Forts  Phillips 
and  Jackson,  also  at  capture  of  New 
Orleans ;  was  promoted  to  first  petty  offi- 
cer (Signal  Q.  M.)  and  had  charge  of  a 
scout-boat  and  performed  some  gallant 
services,  taking  up  torpedoes  between 
Forts  Sumter  and  Moultrie;  was  in  the 
service  till  the  close  of  the  war;  about  ten 
years  ago  he  was  with  a  party  ti'apping  in 
the  Walnut  Creek  country,  Western  Kan., 
between  the  Santa  Fe  and  Smoky  Hill 
route,  when  they  were  attacked  by  Indi- 
ans, and  of  the  whole  party,  all  were  killed 
except  Mr.  W.  and  one  other;  Mr.  W.  is 
a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  Rockford. 

WATSOIIC  CHAS.  H.  Farmer;  Sec. 
3;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Fredouia,  N. 
Y.,  June  29,  1835;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1845;  owns  234  acres  land,  valued  at 
$12,000;  married  Elizabeth  P.  Biundige, 
Dec.  7,  1861;  she  was  born  in  Batavia,  N. 
Y.,  March  6,  1839;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1861;  they  have  six  children  living,  Harry, 
aged  14;  Frank  P.,  11 ;  Chas.  R.,  8;  Clark 
D.,  6;  Bert  T.,  4;  and  Lawrence,  1;  lost 
one,  born  Nov.  5,  1867,  died  May  4,  1872; 
she  was  visiting  some  little  playmates  in 
the  neighborhood,  playing  in  the  fields; 
they  built  afire  in  the  stubble,  from  which 
her  clothes  cauglit  and  she  was  so  badly 
burned  that  she'only  lived  five  hours ;  Mr. 
W.  was  Town  Trustee  for  three  years ;  is 
now  School  Director;  enlisted,  Oct.  1, 1861, 
in  Co.  E,  52d  I.  V.  I.,  as  a  private;  was 
mustered  out  as  First  Lieut.,  July  14, 
1865;  was  with  Sherman  in  the  Atlanta 
campaign  and  his  March  to  the  Sea,  shar- 
ing the  hardships  of  the  march,  and  par- 
ticipating in  the  gloryof  the  grand  review 
in  Washington;   is  a  Republican. 

WEMPLE  EDWARD  H.  Carpen- 
ter; (Renter;)  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Rockford; 
born  in  Fonda,  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Jan.  27, 1838;  married  Janet  Beatson,  Dec. 


UUKKITt   TOWNSHt?. 


S93 


1,  1859;  she  was  born  in  Scotland,  April  7, 
1841 ;  they  have  two  chiMren  living,  Ray- 
mond G.  and  Wni.  Wallace;  lost  one 
dauiihtcr,  Edna  II.,  died  July  17,  1868, aged 
2  years,  3  months,  and  20  days;  Mr.'^W. 
served  nine  niontlis  in  the  Union  army,  in 
Co.  D,  7-4th  I.  V.  I. ;  he  now  holds  the 
office  of  Constable;  his  father  came  here 
in  early  days  and  was  virtually  the  Ibuuder 
of  what  is  now  known  as  Wempleton, 
having  made  the  first  Improvements,  i.  e. 
built  a  house  and  blacksmith  shop,  and 
was  particularly  instrumental  in  establish- 
ing the  only  church  in  the  place ;  he  died 
in  Michigan,  April  17,  1878,  at  the  age  of 
76;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  are  members  of  the 
M.  E.  Church. 

Wemple  E.  farm;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Whitney  J.  farm;  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

WHITXEY  THOS.  J.  Farmer;  Sec. 
13;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Herkimer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  18,  1823 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1844;  owns  87  acres  laud,  valued  at  $6,- 
000;  married  Ursula  Blackinton,  Marcli 
12,  1851 ;  she  was  born  in  Ashtabula  Co., 
Ohio,  Jan.  22,  1834;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1838;  they  have  three  children  living: 
Frances  A.,  born  Jan.  24,  1852;  Julius  E., 
May  16,  1853 ;  and  Alvin  P.,  Jan.  28,  1857 ; 
lost  one,  Lucius  A.,  born  March  25,  1855, 
died  Oct.  6,  1871 ;  Mr.  W.  served  seven 
years  as  School  Director ;  Mrs.  W.'s  father, 
Jesse  N.  Blackinton,  settled  in  Roscoe  in 
1838,  being  one  of  the  pioneers  of  that 
town ;  he  was  a  surveyor,  and  had  proba- 


bly more  to  do  with  locating  the  lines  of 
sections  and  farms  in  Roscoe  than  any 
other  man  in  the  Co.;  he  was  also  often 
employed  as  counsel  by  the  citi/.ens  of 
that  town  in  minor  cases  of  law;  he  is 
now  80  years  of  age,  and  is  residing  in 
Mass. ;  left  his  old  home  in  1870. 

WII.COX  JOHlf,  Farmer;  Sec.  15; 
P.  O.  Rocktbrd;  born  in  Cornwall,  Eng., 
Dec.  27,  1825;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1850; 
owns  344  acres  land  in  Burritt,  valued  at 
$15,000;  180  acres  in  Laona,  valued  at  .'3;2,- 
500;  married  Margaret  Webber,  March  3, 
1855;  she  was  born  in  Coombe,  St.  Nicho- 
las, England,  Feb.  24,  1833;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1849;  they  have  seven  children: 
John  W.,  aged  22;  William  H.,  20:  Mary 
S.,  17;  Herbert  H.,  15;  Clarence  L.,  12; 
George  L.,  10;  and  Lillian  M.,  8;  John 
W.,  tlie  oldest  son,  has  been  in  New 
Zealand  ior  two  years,  with  an  uncle  who 
has  been  a  resident  of  that  country  forty 
years;  Mr.  W.  was  in  1852  ordained  a 
Congregational  minister,  and  has  preached 
regularly  ever  since ;  lias  preached  in  this 
Co.  for  22  years  without  salary,  preferring 
to  depend  upon  his  own  labor  for  support, 
yet  feeling  it  a  duty  to  minister  to  the 
spiritual  need  of  a  community  who  are 
destitute  of  regular  preaching ;  Mrs.  W.  is 
a  Christian  lady,  and  zealous  in  every 
good  work  whicli  will  benefit  the  com- 
munity; Mr.  W.  is  the  most  extensive 
sheep  raiser  in  this  Co.,  having  from  five 
to  six  hundred  head;  he  is  a  Republican. 

Wood  K.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford. 


5f-^  T^,        -^    - 


594: 


WINNEBAGO    COtJNTY   DtREOTORT: 


HARRISON  TOWNSHIP. 


A 


MAN  JACOB  J. 


Anderson  Frank. 

Arnold  Smith  K.  rents  farm ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Armstrong  James. 

Asplaud  Sherman,  laborer;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

ATKIX5^0:»f  JAMES,  Farmer;  Sec. 
o5;  P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Harrison,  Jan. 
19,  1846;  owns  60  acres  land,  valued  at 
$2,400 ;  married  Margaret  E.  G-aylord,  Jan. 
1,1865;  she  was  born  in  Ashtabula  Co., 
O.,  in  1849 ;  they  have  four  cliildren  living : 
Lucy,  born  Nov.  26,  1866;  George,  Dec.  4, 
1869;  Elmer,  Oct.  3,  1871;  and  Minnie, 
Sept.  8,  1875 ;  lost  one  in  infancy;  Mr.  A.'s 
father,  Wm.  Atkinson,  came  to  this  Co.  40 
years  ago,  when  all  was  wild  prairie; 
Rockford  contained  but  four  or  five  houses ; 
Mr.  A.  is  serving  his  second  term  as  School 
Director;  he  was  in  the  141st Regt.  I.V.I. ; 
was  in  service  near  6  months;  discharged; 
re-enlisted  in  8th  I.  V.  C. ;  was  thrown 
\  from  cars,  disabled  and  rejected  on  that 
account. 

Atkinson  Thomas,  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Atkinson  Wm.  farm ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.  O.  fJarrison. 


B 


RIGGS  B.  F.   laborer;    Sec.   20;  P.   O. 
Durand. 
Briggs  M.  S.  laborer  -.  Sec.  14;  P.O.Harrison. 

BODIXE  WIL.1.IAM,  Farmer;  Sec. 
18 ;  P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in  Canada  in  1820 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1840;  owns  160  acres 
land ;  married  Harriet  S.  Babcock  in  1843 ; 
she  was  born  in  N.  Y.  in  1827 ;  had  two 
children:  Harriet  L.  and  George  W.F.; 
the  latter  was  a  member  of  the  55th  I.  V. 
I. ;  died  in  hospital,  and  is  buried  at  Nash- 
ville, Tenn. ;  Mrs.  B.  died  in  1846 ;  married 
second  time  to  Francis  E.  Albright,  of  O., 
born  in  1831;  have  eight  children  living: 
Martha  Z.,  Jethro  J.,  Charles  S.,  Esther  L., 
Isaac  J.,  Laura  E.,  Arthusa  and  Anna 
Louisa;  lost  three:  Joseph  C,  Dorcus  0. 
and  Jacob ;  Mr.  B.  was  ordained  a  minis- 
ter in  1852  (Free  Will  Baptist) ;  preached 
chiefly  to  the  Otter  Creek  congregation  in 
Leona;  his  health  failed  him  and  he  gave 
up  preaching. 

Boyd  John,  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

BOYD  SAMrEIi,  Farmer;  Sec.  34; 
P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Ireland,  June  1, 
1824;  came  to  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1849; 
remained  there  till  1863 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
and  settled  within  j5i^  of  a  mile  of  his 
present  home ;  owns  5}~4  acres  land,  valued 
at  $500;  married  Saraii  Oliver,  March  15, 
1851 ;  she  was  born  in  Ireland,  Nov.  2, 
1828;  came  to  this  Co.  with  Mr.  Boyd; 
they  have  eight  children  living:  Jane, 
Adam,  John,  Mary,  Samuel,  Sarah,  Robert 


and  James ;  lost  one  son,  William,  died  in 
infancy ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  ,and  family  are 
members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 
Branning  Chas.  laborer;  S.  14;  P.O.Harrison. 

BRAlTJfllVG  CHESTER  I.  Labor 
er;  P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Pike  Co.,  Pa., 
Dec.24, 1854 ;  came  to  this  Co.  Nov.  22, 1876 ; 
makes  his  home  with  George  F.  Branning, 
who  is  a  renter;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Harrison; 
born  in  Wayne  Co.,  Penn.,  July  1,  1845; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1867 ;  married  Mary  J. 
Hagencamp,  April  15,  1871 ;  she  was  born 
in  Potter  Co.,  Penn. ;  have  three  children : 
Delia,  aged  5 ;  India,  3,  and  Furnam,  2 
years ;  the  family  attend  the  M.  E.  Church, 
of  which  Mrs.  Branning  is  a  member. 

Branning  Constantine,  laborer ;  Sec.  14 ;  P. 
O.  Harrison. 

Branning  G.  F.,  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Burbank  Eli,  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.Harrison. 

Burbank  Joel,  farmer;  Sec. 23 ;  P.O.Harrison. 

Burbank  T.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.Harrison. 

BURTOBI'  LEVI,  Post-Master;  Har- 
rison ;  born  in  Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov. 
13,  1838;  removed  to  Crawford  Co.,  Penn., 
in  1840,  where  he  remained  until  1856 ; 
travelled  in  the  West;  finally  settled  here 
in  1859;  was  appointed  Post-master  in 
April,  1877 ;  has  a  store  in  connection  with 
the  ofiice;  unmarried;  is  a  prominent 
member  of  the  A.  F.  and  A.  M.  Lodge,  No. 
302,  Durand;  has  filled  (pro.  tem.)  several 
important  positions  in  the  lodge. 

CARPENTER  JOHN,   farmer;   Sec.  23; 
P.  O.  Harrison. 
Champion  Abraham,  rents  farm ;  Sec.  22 ;  P. 
O.  Harrison. 

CHAMPIOX  ABRAHAM,  Farm- 
er; Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Eng- 
land in  1814;  married  Elizabeth  French 
in  1836;  she  was  born  same  place  in  1815; 
they  have  eight  children:' James,  Charles, 
Abraham,  Isaac,  Jane  and  Henry,  all  mar- 
ried except  the  latter,  and  living  in  Har- 
rison, except  Charles,  who  resides  in  Chi- 
cago ;  Mr.  C.  came  to  this  Co.  in  1856 ; 
resided  in  Rockton  two  years ;  rented  and 
farmed  seven  years ;  then  bought  the  farm 
he  now  owns,  224  acres ;  Mrs.  C.  died  in 
1871 ;  married,  in  1873,  Mrs.  Sophia  Dia- 
mond (maiden  name  Newman);  she  was 
born  in  London,  Eng.,  in  1823 ;  she  had 
two  children  by  first  marriage:  George 
and  Mary  Diamond. 

Champion  H.  laborer;  S.  22;  P.O.  Harrison. 

Champion  I.  rents  farm ;  S.22 ;  P.O.Harrison. 

Champion  Jas.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Cleaveland  John  T.  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Cleveland  L.  W.  farm.  8.  33;  P.  O.  Harrison. 


HARRISON    TOWNSHIP. 


595 


CI.EMEXT  SYIiVEISTEB,  Car- 
penter; Htirrisou;  born  in  Crawford  Co., 
Peuu.,  May  IS,  18:}2;  married  Christiana 
Sheparcisou,  March  8,  1855 ;  she  was  born 
in  Penu.,  Nov.  24,  1834;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1855;  owns  property  in  Harrison  valued 
at  $l,2i)0;  they  have  three  children  living: 
*  Anna  Belle,  born  Jan.  25,  1856;  Lincoln 
L.,  Sept.  26,  1861,  and  Nellie  M.,  Aug.  14, 
1870;  lost  one,  Dan  Sylvester,  born  June 
17,  1858,  died  April  16,  1859 ;  Mr.  C.  was 
Town  Collector  one  year;  has  been  Road 
Commissioner  for  12 years;  is  a  prominent 
member  ot  the  A.  F.  and  A.  M.  Lodge,  No. 
74,  Rockton ;  has  tilled  (pro.  tem.)  all  the 
stations  except  the  East;  enlisted  as  Or- 
derly Sergt.  Co.  A,  74th  I.  V.  I.,  in  1862 ; 
was  mustered  out  as  Captain,  June  10, 1865 ; 
member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Collins  A.  G.,  P.  O.  Harrison. 

€OIiL.IXS  HENRY,  Jr.,  Farmer; 
Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  England, 
July  11,  1838;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1856; 
owns  80  acres  land,  valued  at  $3,200;  mar- 
ried Nancy  Atkinson,  Nov.  16,  1859;  she 
was  born  in  Harrison,  April  9,  1844;  they 
have  live  children  living:  Barney  E.,  Jen- 
nie L.,  Alma  Adell,  Daisey  belle  and 
Henry  J. ;  lost  two :  Lilali  R.,  aged  2,  and 
Matie,  1  year  old  ;  Mr.  C.  has  been  School 
Director  for  6  years;  family  attend  the  M. 
E.  Church ;  Mrs.  C.  is  a  daughter  of  Wm. 
Atkinson,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Harrison ; 
opened  up  the  farm  he  now  lives  on  when 
all  was  wild  land ;  could  drive  in  any  di- 
rection without  encountering  a  fence;  had 
to  draw  grain  to  Chicago  with  ox  teams. 

Collins  Geo.  stone-mason;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Conklin  A.  rents  farm ;  Sec. 85 ;  P.O.Harrison. 

CONKLIX  DAVID,  Farmer ;  Sec.  21 ; 
P.  O.  Harrison ;  born  in  Damascus,  Wayne 

■  Co.,  Peun.,  July  30,  1809;  married  Sarah 
Dexter  in  1835 ;  she  Avas  born  in  same  town 
and  Co.  in  1817 ;  they  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1839 ;  owns  200  acres  laud ;  had  live  chil- 
dren :  Mercy,  dieil  in  Peuu.,  aged  6  months ; 
Benjamin,  NVilliam  and  Maiy  died  in  Har- 
rison, aged  respectively  2  years,  2  months, 
and  11  years  and  3  months;  David,  Jr.,  is 
living  in  Owen  ;  was  26  years  old  the  4th 
day  of  July,  1877;  married  Gertie  Lake; 
they  have  three  children:  Fred,  Walter 
Dumont  and  Benjamin  F. ;  Mrs.  C.  died 
Aug.  2S,  1849 ;  he  married  again  Pho?be 
Drake,  March  11,  1852;  by  second  marriage 
they  have  three  children  living:  Orin  H., 
Albert  D  and  Emma  E.;  lost  one,  Sarah, 
died  in  1857;  Mr.  C.  was  Commissioner  of 
Highways  3  years;  Kent's  was  the  only 
store  in  Rockford  when  he  came  here; 
Republican. 

Conklin  Orin  H.,  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Cook  Isaac,  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Cook  Sam.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Cooney  Arthur,  farm ;  Sec.  20 ;  P.O.  Durand. 

Cooney  R.  A.  farmer ;  Sec.  19 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 


Cook  A.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  20 ;  P.O.  Harrison. 
Coulter  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Cowan  Jas.  laborer;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Crowley  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.O.  Durand. 
Cunningham  Wm.  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

ELANEY  JOHN,  rents  farm;  Sec.  33; 
P.  O.  Harrison. 
Diamond  Geo.  painter;  Harrison. 
Dickerson  Jas.  L.  physician ;  Harrison. 
Dobson  Dan.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Douglass  Henry,  Sec.  35;  P.   O.  Harrison. 
Downie  A.  J.  rents  farm;  S.32;  P.O.  Durand. 
Dojde  P.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Harrison. 


D 


E 


ARLY  W.  C.  carpenter;  Harrison. 


FISHER  JAMES,  laborer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O. 
Durand. 

Flint  Azel,  laborer;  Sec.  8;  P.O.  Durand. 
Flint  Martin,  fiirmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Fritz  H.  J.  rents  farm;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Durand. 

GAMMOW  HENRY,  blacksmith;   Har- 
rison. 
Gammow  Chas.  blacksmith ;  Harrison. 

OAlflJXO  SETH,  Farmer;  Sec.  18; 
P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in  Livingston  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Jan.  7,  1816;  married  Mary  L.  Rich- 
ards in  1842 ;  had  two  children,  John  and 
Ada;  Mrs.  G.  died  in  1857;  married  Louisa 
Richards  in  1859;  she  died  in  Jan.,  1862: 
married  third  time,  Oct.  13,  1865,  to  Mary 
Adams;  had  three  children,  Carrie  M., 
Hattie  L.,  and  Seth  Sumner;  she  died  in 
1870;  has  been  School  Director  12  years, 
and  Road  Master  for  a  number  of  years; 
when  he  came  here  this  part  of  the  Co. 
was  a  wilderness ;  only  three  houses  on  the 
road  between  here  and  Rockford;  has 
hauled  grain  with  oxen  from  here  to  Chi- 
cago ;  sold  wheat  for  50c  per  bushel ;  deer 
and  smaller  game  were  plenty,  of  which 
Mr.  G.  has  brought  down  his  share;  a 
huge  black  bear  gave  him  a  scare,  one 
day,  while  working  near  the  barn;  was 
within  a  rod  ot  him  before  discovered;  he 
drove  him  oft". 

Gilmore  Jas.  laborer;  Harrison. 

Gilmore  John,  carpenter;  Harrison. 

Goakey  A.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.O.  Shirland. 

Goakey  J.  D.  dairy  farmer ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.O.  Shir- 
land. 

Goodwin  G.  carpenler;  Sec. 20;  P.O.  Durand. 

GOODWIX  J:X0.  Farmer;  Sec.  33; 
P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Roscoe,  in  1850; 
unmarried;  owns  38  acres  land,  valued  at 
$1,600;  his  fiither,  Silas  Goodwin,  came  to 
this  farm  in  1853,  with  his  wife  and  five 
children,  Jane,  John,  Charles,  Theresa 
and  George ;  Jane  died,  aged  8  years,  and 
George,  aged  1 ;  the  father  enlisted  in  the 
12th  I.  V.  C. ;  was  with  them  nearly  three 


696 


WINNEBAGO   OOUNTY   DtRECTORY: 


years ;  was  taken  sick  and  sent  to  the  hos- 
pital, where  he  soon  afterward  died ;  Mr. 
G.  went  West  when  only  12  years  old,  and 
has  been  absent  ever  since, until  last  spring, 
when  he  returned,  after  having  wandered 
through  the  mining  districts  of  Montana, 
Idaho,  Coh)rado,  and  parts  of  Dakota; 
has  led  the  life  of  a  miner  since  he  was  13 
years  old,  undergoing  all  of  the  dangers, 
trials,  Indian  tights,  hairbreadth  escapes, 
etc.,  incident  to  the  life  of  a  frontiersman. 

Goodwin  W.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Gratton  Jos.  farmer ;   Sec.  19 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Gratton  Robt.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.  Durand. 


H 


ALSTEAD  SAMUEL  L.  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O. 
Harrison. 

HA:SfMER  JiaO.  Farmer;  Sec.  36;  P. 
O.  Harrison ;  born  in  Shropshire,  England, 
March  22,  1824;  married  Harriet  Lewis, 
June  23, 1846 ;  she  was  born  in  same  place, 
Jan.  8,  1826;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855; 
owns  94  acres  of  land;  have  six  children 
living ;  John  L.,  born  June  1,  1858 ;  Geo. 
E.,  Nov.  7,  1855 ;  Orrin  C,  Dec.  18,  1857  ; 
Emma  J.,  Oct.  19,  1860;  Franklin  R.,  Sept. 
25,  1862;  Edwin  E.,  Dec.  25,  1867;  lost 
three;  Eliza  died  in  England,  Fannie,  in 
Cleveland,  O.,  and  Austin  O.  in  this  Co.; 
two  brothers  of  Mrs.  H.  (Richard  and 
Charles  Lewis)  were  in  the  army;  the 
former  in  the  74th  I.  V.  I.,  was  taken  pris- 
oner at  Chicamauga,  Sept.  20,  1863 ;  sent 
South,  transferred  trom  one  prison  to  an- 
other, Libby,  Florence,  Audersonville,  etc., 
until  he  finally  reached  Savannah,  Ga., 
where  he  died  of  neglect  and  exposure, 
in  Oct.,  1864 ;  the  latter  was  in  the  29th 
Ind.  V.  I.  till  the  close  of  the  war. 

Hawkins  D.  fiirmer;  Sec.  7;  P.O.  Durand. 

Herrick  A.  laborer;  Sec.  20;   P.  O.  Durand. 

Horsfall  R.  farmer ;   Sec.  28 ;  P.O.  Harrison. 

TEWETT  BRITTAIN,  tanner;  Sec.  14;  P. 
«J      O.  Harrison. 

JEWETT  DAVID,  Farmer ;  Sec.  14 ; 
P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Genesee  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Aug.  24, 1811 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1837; 
settled  here ;  built  saw  mill  in  Rockton 
where  the  water  power  is  in  that  place; 
this  was  one  of  the  first  mills  erected  in 
this  Co.;  was  engaged  in  the  milling  busi 
ness  about  five  years,  then  sold  out  and 
devoted  his  entire  attention  to  farming; 
owns  about  4U0  acres  at  Harrison ;  married 
Louisa  R.  Mosher,  June  15, 1846;  she  died 
May  9,  1847 :  married  again  to  Martha  A. 
Rickhow,  Oct.  5,  1853 ;  she  was  born  in 
Great  Bend,  Penn.,  March  5,  1831;  have 
four  children,  Brittain,  Nellie,  Ellsworth 
and  Fred;  Mr.  J.  was  Justice  four  years; 
was  the  first  School  Treasurer  appointed 
for  the  town  of  Harrison,  and  held  it  18 
years ;  he  laid  out  the  village  of  Harrison 
in  1848 ;  the  family  attend  the  Methodist 
church. 


K 


JEWETT  JOHX  R.  Farmer;  Sec. 
23;  p.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Conn.,  Aug. 
22,  1815;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1838;  owns 
120  acres  land;  married  Elizabeth  M.  Gil- 
mour,  May  22,  1850 ;  she  was  born  in  Ky., 
Sept.  4, 1833 ;  came  here  in  1847 ;  have  four 
children  living,  John  R.,  George  L.,  Rob- 
ert B.,  and  Abbie  E. ;  lost  iwo,  Clara  A. 
and  Elizabeth  C. ;  Mr.  Jewett  has  been  five 
times  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace;  was 
Commissiimer  of  Highways  three  years, 
and  School  Director  for  quite  a  number  of 
years;  he  left  Buflalo  to  come  to  this  Co. 
the  same  day  the  banks  resumed  specie 
payment  after  the  panic  of  '36;  he  fre- 
quently worked  for  old  Stephen  Mack  who 
was  here  with  the  Indians ;  kept  a  trading 
post  at  Mack's  Pt.,  near  the  present  site  of 
Rockton;  Mr.  J.  built  the  first  bridge  tliat 
ever  spanned  Rock  river  in  this  State. 

BEGAN  WM.  H.  laborer;  Sec.  19;  P. 
O.  Durand. 

Kenyon  D.  laborer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

King  Geo.  rents  farm;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Kinney  David,  Sec.  26 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

KXAPP  ^Wll.  Farmer;  Sec. 35;  P.  O. 
Harrison;  born  in  Roxbury,  Vt.,  Nov.  14, 
1886;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846;  owns  174 
acres  land;  married  Lois  Ellis,  Jan.  23, 
1864;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  May  29, 
1828 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846 ;  married  to 
James  P.  Conklin,  who  died  in  1862,  leav- 
ing Mrs.  C.  with  three  children,  Amos  E., 
Urzilla,  and  George  H.;  by  second  mar- 
riage she  has  two,  Ada  May  and  Fred  Na- 
than ;  Mr.  K.  came  here  when  10  years  old ; 
all  wild  land,  except  now  and  then  a  farm ; 
could  drive  in  any  direction  for  miles  with- 
out encountering  a  fence;  he  is  serving  his 
second  term  as  Overseer  of  highways. 

KITIGHT  MRS.  ANN,  Farming; 
Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Cum- 
berland, Me.,  Aug.  6,  1816;  maiden  name 
was  Winslow ;  married  to  Eldridge  King, 
Sept.  6,  1839;  had  three  children,  Gilbert 
E.,  Almeda  J.,  and  Amanda  J.;  Mr.  King 
died  Jan.  4,  1844;  was  married  to  Peter 
Knight,  June  24,  1847;  they  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1854;  owns  60  acres  land,  valued  at 
$1,800;  have  seven  children,  Charles  H., 
Nathan  H.,  Elzura  J.,  James  H.,  Sarah 
Ann,  Elnora  E.,  and  Alta  M. ;  Mr.  Knight 
died  July  11,  1867;  Mrs.  K.'s  oldest  son 
was  in  the  74th  I.  V.I. ;  was  with  the  regt. 
in  all  the  marclies,  battles,  etc. ;  Mrs.  Knight 
aud  family  attend  the  Methodist  church; 
she  remembers  when  Harrison  was  wild 
prairie ;  plenty  of  wolves,  deer  and  other 
game. 

Knight  Chas.  rents  farm;  Sec.  34;  P.O.Har- 
rison. 

Knight  James,  Sec  34;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Knight  N.  laborer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

IGHTHEART  HENRY,  farmer;  Sec 
14;  P.  O.  Harrison. 


L 


ttARRISOSr  T0WN8HI1». 


599 


Liglitlieart  Lewis,  laborer ;  Harrison. 

LORD  RIJFITS,  Farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.  O. 
Durand;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  April 
17,  1826;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846;  owns 
157  acres  laud ;  married  Esther  M.  Camp- 
bell, Nov.  29,  184!) ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y., 
June  20,  1825;  have  no  children  of  their 
own;  one  adopted  daughter,  Mary  J. 
Crowly,  born  in  Howard  (now  Durand), 
May  31,  1855;  was  married  Feb.  24,  1876, 
to  Henry  Fritz,  born  in  Durand;  farms 
Mr.  Lord's  place ;  Mr.  L.  landed  in  Rock- 
ford  on  the  5th  day  of  August,  1846,  which 
then  only  contained  two  stores  on  the  east 
and  two  on  the  west  side ;  the  walls  ot 
Porter's  drug  store  were  being  built;  Mrs. 
Lord  is  the  daughter  of  Delmont  and  Per- 
melia  Campbell,  who  came  to  Durand  in 
1847,  where  they  resided  until  1853,  when 
Mrs.  Campbell  died,  aged  51  years;  Mr. 
C.  died  in  1863,  aged  63 ;  Mr.  L.  was  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  3  years.  Trustee  6  years, 
and  School  Director  for  15  years. 

Long  Andrew,  laborer;  Harrison. 

Lovesee  Edwin,  physician ;  Harrison. 


M 


cCOLLOUGH    WILLIAM, 
Sec.  30;  P.O.  Durand. 


farmer ; 


lIcCOY  MARTIX,  Farmer;  Sec.  29; 
P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in  Penn.,  Feb.  23, 
1813;  married  Sarah  Chandler,  March  30, 
1837;  she  was  born  in  Randolph  Co.,N.C., 
June  2,  1818 ;  they  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1838 ;  settled  on  the  farm  where  he  now 
resides;  owns  185  acres  land;  have  three 
children  living:  Ellen,  now  Mrs.  Smith ; 
Nancy  Doolittle;  her  little  son,  Martin, 
lives  with  his  grand  parents ;  was  born  in 
March,  1865;  Estella  Rockstead,  the 
youngest  daughter,  makes  her  home  with 
her  parents;  has  one  child,  Raymond 
De  F. ;  her  husband,  Andrew  Rockstead, 
was  a  member  of  the  74th  I.  V.  I. ;  was  in 
37  engagements;  was  in  Sherman's  army 
vmtil  they  reached  Atlanta,  then  returned 
witli  Thomas  to  Franklin,  Nashville,  etc.; 
was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war. 

McKearn  James,  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

McMahon  J.  farm ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

MAtJEE  IRV1X€}  YT.  Farmer;  Sec. 
19;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Cayuga  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  4,  1836;  moved  to  York,  San- 
dusky Co.,  Ohio,  in  1837;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1841 ;  his  father  settled  in  Durand, 
w^here  he  remained  until  1875,  when  he 
died,  at  the  age  of  64;  lived  on  the  same 
farm  over  34  years;  his  mother  still  re- 
sides on  the  old  homestead;  is  65  years 
old;  is  the  mother  of  ten  children;  seven 
living;  Julia  A.,  Irving  W.,  Martha,  La- 
vina,  Wilson,  Alice,  Nancy,  and  Minnie; 
lost  three,  William  and  Will  Nathan; 
Eastman  died  in  1862,  from  wounds  re- 
ceived in  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson ;  he 
was  in  the  11th  I.  V.  I. ;  Irving  came  to 
the  farm  he  now  resides  upon  in  1860 ; 
owns  43  acres  land ;  married  Beruah  Han- 


ford,  Oct.  22,  1859;  she  was  born  in  Mich., 
Sept.  8, 1838;  have  two  children,  Permelia 
and  William. 

Machon  Michael,  P.  O.  Durand. 

Marshall  James,  Sec.  34 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Merchant  Alva,  laborer;  Harrison. 

MILLER  CHRISTOPHER,  La- 
borer; born  in  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  9, 
1851 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1868 ;  sou  of 
Samuel  Miller,  formerly  of  Burritt,  now 
living  in  Mich.,  aged  63 ;  his  mother  died 
in  N.  Y.,  in  1867,  aged  48;  he  makes  his 
home  with  Robert  Oliver,  Sec.  36 ;  P.  O. 
Harrison ;  Mr.  Oliver  owns  162  acres  land ; 
married  Jane  Atkinson,  of  Harrison,  in 
1866;  they  have  three  children,  William 
George,  Robert  C,  and  Guy  T. ;  is  Com- 
missioner of  Highways  and  Assessor ;  Mr. 
O.  enlisted  Sept.  9,  1861,  in  Co.  C,  55th  I. 
V.  I.,  as  a  private;  was  promoted  through 
the  ditierent  grades  until  Nov.  1,  1864, 
when  he  received  a  commission  as  Capt., 
which  he  held  until  the  close  of  the  war ; 
participated  in  30  general  engagements, 
beginning  with  Shiloh,  following  Sher- 
man through  his  campaigns  to  the  sea, 
finally  ending  with  the  battle  of  Benton- 
ville,  N.  C,  March  20  and  21,  1865,  being 
under  fire  in  all  120  days ;  and  had  the 
honor  of  leading  Co.  C,  of  the  old  and 
war-worn  55th  through  the  Washington 
grand  review.  May  24,  1865 ;  traveled  12,- 
000  miles. 

Moate  Henry,  farm;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Moate  Saml.  farm;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Moore  P.  merchant  and  hotel ;  Harrison. 
Morey  Albert,  farm ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

MORRINO]^  DAKlEIi,  Farmer; 
Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Scotland, 
Jan.  12,  1813;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846; 
was  married  June  6,  1857,  to  Mary  Col- 
grove;  they  have  two  children:  Nellie, 
born  March  17, 1860,  and  Annie  May,  Oct. 
23,  1861 ;  the  family  attend  '  the  M.  E. 
Church,  of  which  Nellie  is  a  member; 
Mr.  M.  superintended  the  building  of 
Hanchetl's  dam,  at  Harrison;  he  enlisted 
in  the  14th  111.  Cav.,  in  Februaiy,  1863 ; 
was  with  Gen.  Burnside  in  his  raid  to 
Tenn.,  over  the  Cumberland  Mountains  to 
Knoxville;  there  during  the  siege;  skirm- 
ishing with  Long-street  every  day  tor 
about  two  months ;  followed  him  to  Bris- 
tol, Va. ;  was  with  Gen.  Stoneman  in  sev- 
eral actions  in  Georgia;  was  captured 
near  Millidgeville,  and  kept  prisoner  for 
nearly  five  mouths,  at  Florence  and  An- 
dersonville ;  was  exchanged  and  mustered 
out  in  June,  1865. 

ABa:S  HATFIELD,  farmer;   Sec.  31; 

P.  O.  Harrison. 

Oakes  Horace,  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

OLIVER  ADAM,  Farmer;  Sec.  37;  P. 

O.  Harrison;   born    in    Ireland,  Feb.  3, 

1825;   married  Mary  Marshall,  in  1853; 


o 


600 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   GIEEOTORT! 


went  to  California,  where  she  died,  in 
1857 ;  had  one  child,  Mary  Jane ;  returned 
to  New  York,  and  married  Agnes  Mar- 
shall, June  17,  1858;  she  was  born  in  Ire- 
land, July  17,  1836;  have  seven  children 
living:  Libbie,  born  May  10,  1859;  Annie 
L.,  Sept.  3,  1860;  Ellen,  Sept.  18,  1863; 
Martha,  March  8,  1865 ;  Hattie,  April  16, 
1866 ;  Ida  F.,  Feb.  5,  1868 ;  and  James  R, 

Jan.  17, 1870;  lost  three: ,May8, 1863; 

Robert,  Sept.  17,  1862,  and  Nettie,  Feb.  27, 
1869;  they  all  attend  the  Presbyterian 
Church;  the  mother  of  Mrs.  Oliver  (Mary 
Marshall),  aged  93,  resides  with  her ;  is 
very  smart  and  active;  has  the  use  of  all 
her  faculties ;  can  use  her  needle  as  deftly 
as  any  girl ;  is  supposed  to  be  the  oldest 
person  now  living  in  Harrison. 

Oliver  Jas.  rents  farm ;  S.  25 ;  P.O.  Harrison. 

Oliver  Eobert,  Sec.  36 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

PALMER  GEORGE  W.  Sec.  16;  P.  O. 
Harrison. 
Palmer  H.  farmer;  Sec. .16;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Panning  Chas.  J.  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

PARKER  JOHN  C.  Farmer;  Sec. 
26;  P.O.Harrison;  born  in  Sangamon 
Co.,  111.,  May  20,  1826 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1838;  owns  60  acres  land;  married 
Elizabeth  Scott,  Aug.  17,  1848 ;  she  was 
born  in  Huron  Co.,  Ohio,  July  4,  1830, 
came  here  in  1839 ;  they  have  three  chil- 
dren living:  Emily,  born  June  20,  1849; 
Almeda,  Jan.l,  1854;  and  Charles  Eugene, 
Jan.  2,  1869;  lost  one  daughter,  Amanda, 
in  1851,  aged  9  months ;  when  Mr.  Parker 
came  to  this  Co.  there  were  four  cabins 
beside  his  own  in  this  town ;  one  at  Kil- 
burn's  Grove;  there  were  five  hundred 
Winnebago  Indians  at  the  mouth  of 
Pecatonica  (Rockton),  where  the  veteran 
pioneer  Stephen  Mack  had  a  trading 
house;  was  the  first  white  settler  in  this 
Co. ;  Mr.  P.  worked  one  summer  when  he 
was  a  boy ;  Republican. 

Patterson  Fred,  farm ;  Sec.  20 ;  P.O.'Durand. 

Patterson  J.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

PATTERSON  L.E\VIS,  Farmer; 
Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Lower 
Canada,  Feb.  16,  1818;  married  Emily 
Blackburn,, in  May,  1839;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio,  March  5,  1821 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1839;  owns  120  acres  land;  they  have  two 
children  living:  Frederick  W.,  born 
April  5,  1846,  and  Marion,  Oct.  21,  1855; 
lost  two  sons  in  the  army ;  John  A.  was 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and  taken 
prisoner,  where  it  is  supposed  he  died,  as 
he  was  not  heard  of  afterward ;  George  C. 
was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Franklin, 
Tenn. ;  was  in  Co.  B,  72d  I.  V.*I. ;  had 
served  2  years  and  4  months ;  Mr.  P.  has 
been  Justice  of  the  Peace  15  years,  served 
three  terms  as  Collector,  four  as  Assessor, 
and  has  been  School  Director  for  20  years ; 
the  only  survivng  son,  Fredric,  married 


R 


Erdell  Kilburn,  in  1869 ;  live  with  parents ; 
have  one  child,   Emily   Kate;   lost  one, 
Alice. 
Petett  Henry,  farm;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Durand. 

PERRY  EI.IAS,  Farmer;  Sec.  31; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Co.  of  Rutland, 
Eng.,  in  1827 ;  came  to  N.  Y.  in  1854;  was 
6  months  in  Butialo;  lived  a  year  in  South 
Reading,  Mass.;  returned  to  England; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1856;  located  where 
he  now  resides ;  Republican ;  Methodist ; 
owns  151  acres,  valued  at  $4,530 ;  married 
July  19,  1860,  Mrs.  Sophia,  widow  of  Ju- 
lius Sass;  she  was  born  in  Prussia,  in 
1834;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1856;  maiden 
name  was  Schmidt;  has  one  son,  Wm.  J. 
Sass,  by  first  marriage;  Mr.  P.  has  no 
children. 

Phillips  Jerome,  wagon  maker;  Harrison. 
Phillips  W.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Harrison. 
Plant  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Prindle  J.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Putnam  S.  C.  renter;  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.  Harrison. 

ECOR  HENRY,  laborer;  Sec.  19;  P.O. 
Durand. 

Recor  P.  laborer ;  Sec.  17 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Riley  Wm.  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Ruhl  David,  Sec.  35;  P.O.  Harrison. 
Ruhl  Luther,  Sec.  35 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

O  ARVIN  ROSS,  P.  O.  Durand. 

Sarvin  Steward,  P.  O.  Durand. 

Scott  Chas.  farmer ;  Sec.  34 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Scott  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Scott  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Scott  Jno.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Shepardson  Josiah,  Harrison. 

Shepardson   S.   D.  renter;   Sec.  24;    P.    O. 

Harrison. 
Sherman  B.  C.  farm ;  S.  21 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Sherman  Benj.   Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Sherman. 
Shumway  C.  laborer;  S.  20;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Smith  Belden  C.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Smith  F.  farmer;    Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Smith  J.  J.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Duraud. 

SMITH  RICHARD  H.  Merchant; 
Harrison;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Aug. 
17, 1806 ;  came  to  Hancock  Co.,  111.,  in  1839 ; 
married  Mrs.  Mary  A.  Oilman,  in  Nov., 
1839 ;  she  was  the  daughter  of  John  Wool- 
folk,  of  Louisville,  Ky. ;  born  in  Carolina 
Co.,  Va.,  Oct.  16,  1808 ;  mother  of  six  chil- 
dren; two  by  first  marriage,  Elizabeth  and 
Gabriella;  and  four  by  last,  Annie  and 
Mary  (twins),  Richard  and  Lawrence  S. ; 
only  one  now  living;  Mr.  S.  was  Post- 
Master  here  18  years.  Town  Clerk  same ; 
Trustee  one  term,  and  School  Director  a 
number  of  j^ears;  is  a  Republican. 

Sniveley  A.  wagon  maker;  P.  O.  Harrison. 


HARRISON  TOWNSHIP. 


601 


T 


Snively  "Wm.  renter;  Sec.  27;  P.O.  Harrison. 
Sodaman  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  18 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Statker  Jas.  renter;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Strawn  Mahlon,  laborer;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Swindle  Chas.  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Rockford. 

ODD  GEORGE,   Sec.  25;   P.  O.  Harri- 
son. 

TODD    MRS.    HA:N:SfAH    P. 

(widow);  Farming;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Harri- 
son; maiden  name  was  Vadakin  ;  born  in 
Waj^ne  Co.,  Penn.,  Nov.  5. 1819;  owns  166 
acres  laud,  valued  at  $7,500;  married  Jon- 
athan Todd,  Jan.  17,  1847 ;  he  was  born  in 
N.  J.,  April  20,  1826;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1855;  was  an  active  and  iutluential  mem- 
ber of  the  M.  E.  Church ;  was  instrumental 
in  building  the  church  situated  on  a  part 
of  his  farm,  which  he  donated  for  tliat 
purpose;  died  April  13, 1871;  Mrs.  Todd 
has  four  children,  Milton  I.,  born  Sept.  6, 
1847;  Geo.  R.,  March  8,  1840;  Daniel  D., 
Oct.  6,  1851 ;  and  Marilla  Jane,  May  15, 
1855 ;  she  has  been  a  member  of  the  M.  E. 
Church  for  37  years ;  they  have  resided  on 
the  same  farm  for  22  years. 

Todd  Milton,  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Torson  Nere,  farmer;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Tunison  D.  K.  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Tunison  Wm.  Sec.  33 ;  P.  0.  Rockford. 

Tolman  L.  D.  renter;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Durand. 

T  TRQUEHART  WILLIAM. 

VAN  DYKE  CORNELIUS,  renter;  Sec. 
23 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

VAN  SliYKK  ISAAC,  Black- 
smith; Harrison;  born  in  Dutchess  Co.,N. 
Y.,  July  10,  1818;  moved  to  Fulton  Co.  in 
1827;  came  west  in  1839;  stopped  in  Chi- 
cago which  at  that  time  was  nothing  but  a 
mud  hole;  stopped  with  Mr.  Hill,  who 
kept  the  old  yellow  tavern  on  Lake  street, 
where  he  was  employed  as  a  runner  at  the 
boat  landing;  left  there  the  following 
year;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1840,  where  he 
has  remained  ever  since;  married  Philo 
Ann  Cleaveland,  Feb.  1850;  she  was 
born  in  Cataraugus  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  24, 
1829;  they  have  four  children  livin<r,  Mar- 
tin C,  Alice  S.,  Jay  I.  and  Eva  Jane;  lost 
one,  in  infancy;  Mr.  Van  was  Commis- 
sioner of  Highways  one  term ;  has  been 
School  Director  for  a  great  many  years ; 
Democrat. 

Van  Wicklin  C.laborer ;  S.35;  P.O.Harrison. 

WAINRIGHT  CHAS.  laborer;  Sec.  29; 
P.  O.  Durand. 
Warren  A.  farmer;  Sec  18;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Warren  D.  laborer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Watson  F.  farmer;  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

IVEATHERHEAD     JAS.      R. 

Farmer ;  Sec.  29 ;   P.  O.  Durand ;   born  in 


Sullivan  Co.,  N.  H.,  Oct.  6,  1818 ;  married 
Nancy  Fisher.  Dec.  10,  1843 ;  they  had  six 
children;  four  living,  Martha  J.  Sweet, 
Waiie,  Celina  H.  Boomer  and  Mary  Ann.; 
lost  two,  Elizaljeth  and  Lucinda;  Mrs.  W. 
died  in  1857;  he  was  married  again  to 
Mrs.  Sophia  A.  Jones,  daughter  of  David 
Baker,  of  Harrison ;  she  was  born  in  On- 
ondaga Co.,  N.  Y.  Nov.  23,  1820;  had 
three  children  by  her  first  marriage ;  two 
living;  two  by  second  marriage,  Minnie, 
aged  17 ;  and  Ettie,  15 ;  Mr.  W.  was  on  the 
jury  in  1844,  the  first  jury  ever  empaneled 
in  the  old  Court  House ;  was  on  the  Mc- 
Kuney  trial ;  could  not  agree,  consequently 
had  to  sleep  three  nights  on  the  floor  of 
the  old  Winnebago  House. 

Western  C.  farmer ;  Sec.  18 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Whetherhead  W.  farm;  S.  32;  P.  O.  Durand. 

White  A.  renter;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Durand. 

White  Geo.  farm ;  Sec.  17 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

"WIIililAMS  JAS.  M.  Farmer;  Sec. 
28 ;  P.  O.  Harrison ;  born  in  Boston,  Erie 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  14,  1820;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1845;  owns  415  acres  land,  valued  at 
$11,000;  married  Maria  E.  Bivens,  March 
6,  1851 ;  she  was  born  in  London,  Mont- 
gomery Co.,  Penn.,  Dec.  31,  1826;  they 
have  five  children,  Mary  H.,  born  Feb.  6, 
1852;  Alice  C,  June  22,  1854;  Charles  H., 
July  26,  1857;  Orin,  Feb.  26,1859;  Rilla 
A.,  Sept.  2,  1865 ;  Mr.  W.  was  Constable, 
Assessor  and  Collector  the  first  year  of 
the  town's  organization ;  been  Assessor  15 
years,  and  Commissioner  of  Higliways  5 
years;  he  once  started  to  Chicago  wuth 
150  bushels  of  wheat  and  10  barrels  of 
flour,  with  four  wagons  and  six  yokes  of 
oxen ;  was  gone  20  days  and  brought  back 
with  him  the  burrs  lor  Talcott's  Mills  at 
Rockton,  weighing  four  tons. 

WIIiEIAMS  liUCIEN,  Dairy 
Farm ;  P.  0.  Harrison ;  born  in  Onondaga 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  21,  1821 ;  married  Mary 
E.  Arnold,  April  3,  1850;  she  was  born  in 
Royaltown,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  16,  1830;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1852 ;  owns  about  800  acres 
land;  have  seven  children  living:  Fannie 
A.,  born  April  21,  1853 ;  Ida  M.,  Oct.  29, 
1854;  Ro.samond,  June  8,  1856;  Evelyn  T., 
March  3,  1863;  Myra  J.,  Nov.  9,  1866; 
Chas.  L.,  Sept.  16,  1869 ;  and  Indiola,  Jan. 
5,  1872;  lost  three,  Mary,  Ella  and  Jessie; 
Mr.  W.  was  Supervisor  and  Commissioner 
of  Highways  for  two  years ;  Town  Treas- 
urer for  several  years,  and  has  held  other 
minor  offices;  he  is  proprietor  of  the  most 
extensive  dairy  in  this  Co.;  milks  100 
cows,  and  turns  out  about  20,000  pounds  of 
butter  annually;  has  an  arrangement  for 
churning  by  power;  annually  sells  about 
100  head  of  fine  hogs,  weighing  in  the  ag- 
gregate,  30,000 ;  the  family  attend  the  M. 
E.  Church. 

Winright  — ,  laborer ;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Durand. 


602 


WINNEBAGM)    COUNTf   DIEECTOBT: 


^iriSHOP  A:SfDRE\l^,  Farmer;  Sec. 
23;  P.  O.  Harrison;  born  in  Scotland, 
Sept.  5,  1819 ;  came  to  N.  J.  in  1841 ;  mar- 
ried Isabella  Hunter  in  1843;  she  was 
born  in  Scotland,  in  1819 ;  five  children, 
Mary  H.,  Isabella,  Andrew,  Martin  and 
John;  lost  two,  David  and  Ellen;  they 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1856;  owns  190  acres 
land;  Mrs.  W.  died  in  1858;  married 
again  in  1863,  to  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Van 
Ausdale,  daughter  of  Cornelius  and  Ra- 
chel Van  Dyke,  who  reside  with  them ; 
both  over  80  years  old ;   Mr.  Wishop  has 


been  School  Director  for  9  years,  and  was 
last  spring  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace; 
the  family  all  belong  to  the  M.  E.  Church ; 
he  is  a  Republican. 

Wishop  A.  Sr.  farm;  Sec.23;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Wishop  J.  H.  renter ;  Sec.25 ;  P.O.  Harrison. 
Woods  J.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
Woods  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Harrison. 


Y 


OUNG  THEODORE  W.  farmer;  Sec. 
35 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 


DTIRAND   TOWNSHIP. 


603 


DURAND  TOWNSHIP. 


A  BEL  GEORGE,  rents  farm ;  Durand. 

Alexaader  A.  farmer;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Anderson  F.farm  laborer ;  S.33 ;  P.O.Durand. 
Anderson  Martin,  painter;  Durand. 

A  S  H  T  <Hf     HOX.     A5f  1>RK  W, 

Merchant;  Durand;  born  in  Argyle,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1833 ;  went  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1853 ;  worked  8  years  in  the  gold 
mines;  returned  to  N.  Y. ;  went  into  mer- 
cantile business  at  Oswego ;  continued  it  5 
years ;  came  to  this  town  and  entered  busi- 
ness in  1861 ;  married  Miss  Mary  J.  John- 
son, a  native  of  Oswego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1863 ; 
has  four  children,  Carrie  M.,  Frank  J.^ 
Willard  H.  and  Bertha,  aged  respectively, 
14,  10,  8,  and  5  years ;  he  represented  the 
good  people  of  this  district  in  the  29th 
General  Assembly;  was  re-elected  in  1876, 
and  is  one  of  the  independeut  members  of 
whom  his  constituents  can  say,  "Well 
done,  thou  good  and  faithful  servant;"  he 
is  a  believer,  but  independent  in  religion 
and  politics. 
Ashton  W.  J.  grain  dealer ;  Durand. 


B 


ALDWIN  D.  F.  plasterer;  Durand. 


Baldwin  E.  bricklayer  and  plasterer;   Sec. 

34;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Baringham  Delos  W.  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Baringham  J.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Durand. 
Baringham  H.  son  of  Matthew;  Sec.  36;  P. 

O.  Durand. 
Baringham  J.  D.  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Durand. 
Baringham  Mat.  farm ;  Sec.36 ;  P.O.  Durand. 
Baringham  N.  J.  lives  with  father;  Sec.  26; 

P.  O.  Durand. 
Baringham  Thos.  lives  with  father,  Matthew ; 

Sec.  36;  P.O.  Durand. 

BATES  AliMAX  B.  Farmer;  Sec. 
10;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Hampshire  Co.. 
Mass.,  Aug.  23,  1836 ;  his  father  died  there, 
Nov.  8,  1838;  his  mother,  with  him  and 
two  other  children,  moved  to  St.  Albans, 
Vt.,  in  1830;  lived  there  until  1835;  then 
in  company  with  his  uncle,  Newman 
Campbell,  they  came  West,  traveling  by 
wagon  through  a  country  sparsely  popu- 
lated, to  Laporte,  Ind. ;  Aug.  15,  1837,  they 
arrived  in  ;this  Co. ;  at  that  early  day, 
clothing,  groceries  and  other  necessaries, 
were  not  easily  obtained  here;  the  native 
talents  and  untiring  industry  of  the  widow 
and  her  children,  were  well  tested  in  pro- 
curing food  and  raiment,  and  in  making  a 
home  of  their  own ;  she,  being  an  expert 
with  the  needle,  did  much  of  the  sewing 
for  the  lady  settlers,  the  boys  doing  the 
rough  outside  labor  incident  to    a  new 


country,  while  their  little  sister,  Laura  J., 
afterwards  wife  of  John  Campbell,  assist- 
ed the  mother  within;  in  1843  their  house, 
furniture  and  clothing  were  destroyed  by 
fire;  Chicago,  Milwaukee  and  other  dis- 
tant places  were  their  nearest  markets, 
sometimes  taking  twelve  days  to  make  the 
round  trip ;  the  two  boys  were  one  night 
followed  five  miles  by  hungry  wolves,  that 
were  kept  at  bay  by  their  faithful  dog; 
Mr.  B.  was  married  July  4,  1847,  to  Miss 
Sophia,  daughter  of  William  and  Fanny 
Campbell,  of  St.  Albans,  Vt. ;  she  was  born 
Sept.  33,  1839;  they  have  six  children, 
Ellen  A.,  Rollin  W.,  Ovid  B.,  Frank  F., 
Carrie  L.,  and  Hattie  May,  aged  39,  36,  23, 
21,  19,  and  10  years;  owns  112  acres,  val- 
ued at  $5,600;  Independent  in  religion  and 
politics ;  was  Path  Master  and  School  Di- 
rector; his  mother,  who  was  the  second 
wife  of  Wm.  Sylvester,  died  March  7, 
1853,  in  her  59th  year,  and  is  buried  at  Ft. 
Winnebago. 

Bates  A.  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Bates  Charles. 

Bates  J.  A.  works  for  Jas.  Kiley ;  Sec.  85 ;  P. 
O.  Durand. 

Bates  Rollin  W.  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Durand. 

BECKER  JACOB,  Farmer;  Sec. 
16;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Hesse  Darm- 
stadt, Germany,  Aug.  30,  1844;  his  parents 
came  to  111.  in  1846,  and  settled  in  Stephen- 
son Co. ;  he  enlisted  in  46th  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  C, 
Jan.  37,  1865 ;  was  in  battle  of  Ft.  Blakely, 
Ala. ;  discharged  at  Baton  Rouee,  Jan.  30, 
1866;  marriectFeb.35, 1868,  to  Miss  Lydia, 
daughter  of  Ula  and  Carrie  Garder;  she 
was  born  in  that  Co.,  April  18,  1844;  has 
five  children ;  Oscar  D.,  born  Jan.  19,  1869 ; 
Carrie  E.,  July  34, 1870;  Jane  M.,  Sept.  38, 
1871;  Walter  A.,  Oct.  33,  1874;  Marv  H., 
Sept.  17,  1876;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1873; 
owns  118  acres,  valued  at  .$5,900,  U.  S.  cur- 
rency; Methodist;  was  Path  Master  and 
School  Director. 

BEEMER  EI>WARI>  A.  Farmer; 
Sec.  33;  P.O.  Durand;  born  in  Morrow 
Co.,  O.,  June  6,  1848;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Wis.  in  1856;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1864;  Sept.  33,  1869,  married  Miss  Ellen 
A.,  daughter  of  Alman  B.  and  Sophia 
Bates,  of  Durand;  have  two  children, 
Willis  E.,  born  Oct.  4,  1871,  and  William 
A.,  Dec.  13,  1873 ;  rents  80  acres  from  his 
father,  William,  who  lives  with  him;  his 
sister,  Mary  A.,  also  lives  with  him ;  Dem- 
ocrat; Independent;  land  valued  at  $4,000. 

Beemer  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Durand. 
Best  Albert,  lives  with  father,  R.  Best;  Sec. 

19;  P.O.  Davis. 
Best  Erven,  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.O.  Davis. 


604 


WIlOrEBAGO   COUNTY  DIEEOTOEYI 


Best  J.  K  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.O.  Davis. 
Best  Nicli.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.  Davis. 
Best  Reuben,  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O,  Davis. 

BEST  SIMOX  PETER,  Farmer; 
Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Davis;  born  in  Northamp- 
ton Co.,  Penn.,  April  13,  1844;  came  with 
his  parents  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  married 
Miss  Lizzie  H.,  daughter  of  Jonathan  and 
Lydia  Matter,  Feb.  13,  1868;  has  four  chil- 
dren ;  Fernando,  born  Oct.  10,  1869 ;  Ar- 
thur J.,  Dec.  7,  1870;  Jacob  E.,  Oct.  14, 
1872;  Wallace  V.,  Aug.  22,  1874;  owns  150 
acres,  value  $7,500 ;  Republican ;  Evangel- 
ical ;  has  been  Path  Master  several  years. 

Best  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Davis. 

Blake  Milan,  hardware  merchant ;  Durand. 

BliAKE  BROi$.  Hardware  Merchants 
and  Dealers  in  General  Groceries ;  Durand ; 
are  sons  of  John  Blake,  Esq.,  of  Pecaton- 
ica  Tp. ;  the  senior  partner,  Milan  A., 
served  in  the  134th  I.  V.  I  (100  days);  is 
married  to  Miss  Jane  P.  Eames,  daughter 
of  Mrs.  D.  W.  Goodrich,  and  has  three 
children,  Ada,  Lulu  and  Clair  A.,  aged  7, 
4  and  2;  Andrew  S.  is  married  to  Miss 
Emily,  daughter  of  the  late  Wm.  Cran- 
dall,  M.  D.,  of  this  town;  has  one  son, 
Arthur  C,  born  May  1,1875;  they  suc- 
ceeded H.  Burrell  &  Bro.,  in  Dec,  1872,  in 
the  old  frame  building,  cor.  of  Center  and 
Howard  sts. ;  in  1876  they  erected  a  two- 
story  stone  and  brick  building,  25  by  80 
ft.,  having  shops  in  basement  fitted  up  for 
the  manufacture  of  tinware,  etc. ;  it  is  the 
most  substantial,  large  and  well  arranged 
business  house  in  the  place ;  they  appear 
to  carry  an  extensive  stock,  and  do  a  good 
business  in  hardware,  stoves,  agricultural 
implements  and  groceries;  Republican; 
Independent;  own  real  estate  worth  $8,000. 

Blake  S.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Bowen  A.  H.  farm  hand;  S.15;  P.O. Durand. 

Bowen  Geo.  laborer;  Sec.  9;  P.  0.  Durand. 

Brannan  M.  farmer  and  lime  burner;  Sec. 
21 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Bratt  John,  blacksmith ;  Durand. 

Breed  Rufus,  laborer ;  Durand. 

Brooks  E.  H.  carpenter ;  Durand. 

Burr  Lewis,  barber ;  Durand. 

Byrne  John,  grocer ;  Durand. 

/^ALDWELL  G.  W.  physician;  Durand. 

CAMPBEEE  DAVID,  Farmer;  Sec. 
33;. P.  O.  Durand;  born  on  Grand  Isle, 
Vt,  March  24,  1815;  only  12  years  old 
when  mother  died;  left  paternal  home 
soon  after  to  seek  his  livelihood  and  in- 
dependence; at  19,  he  went  to  Cambria, 
Niagara  Co.,  N.  Y.,  thence  to  LaPorte, 
Ind.,  thence  to  this  Co.,  in  1836 ;  located 
160  acres;  made  improvements  and  a 
home ;  when  24,  he  returned  to  Vermont, 
where  he  remained  during  the  winter  of 


1839-40;  married  Miss  Erixna,  daughter 
of  Asa  and  Molly  Barker,  of  Swan,  Feb. 

16,  1840 ;  on  the  19th,  he,  with  his  young 
wife,  again  turned  his  face  towards  the 
setting  sun  and-  departed  for  his  home  in 
the  West,  where  they  yet  enjoy  life  in 
comparative  ease  and  comfort;  had  six 
children,  four  are  living,  Zeno  A.,  born 
Jan.  14,  1843 ;  Adeline  A.,  June  30,  1847 ; 
Arba  Z.,  Nov.  27,  1852;  Lois  I.,  March 

17,  1858 ;  children  are  all  married,  living 
in  their  own  homesteads;  Mr.  C.  owns 
168  acres,  valued  at  $7,000 ;  Republican ; 
Spiritualist;  has  been  Assessor  for  nearly 
a  quarter  of  a  century;  School  Director 
and  Commissioner. 

Campbell  E.  S.  farm;  S.  28;  P.O.Pecatonica. 

CAMPBEI.L  FRANK  B.  Farmer; 
Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  this 
Co.,  July  25,  1846;  son  of  Jeremiah  and 
Cynthia  Campbell,  natives  of  Vermont, 
who  came  to  this  Co.  in  1836;  he  was 
married  Dec.  29,  1870,  to  Miss  Arabell, 
daughter  of  D.  D.  and  Olive  Adams,  of 
Pecatonica  Tp. ;  have  one  child,  Irene  B., 
born  July  8,  1876 ;  owns  430  acres  land 
valued  at  $20,000;  Republican;  Inde- 
pendent; has  been  Path  Master  and 
School  Director. 

CAMPBEIiE  HEMAN,  Farmer; 
Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  on  Grand 
Isle,  Vermont,  Dec.  23,  1809;  married, 
April  2,  1833,  Miss  Sophia  Crampton,  of 
Franklin  Co.,  Vermont;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  January,   1837;    Republican;  Univer- 

•  salist:  owns  80  acres,  valued  at  $4,000; 
wife  died  in  March,  1843 ;  had  five  chil- 
dren, Lucretia  (died  in  1861),  Sophronia, 
Elmina,  Harriet,  and  Chester,  who  died  in 
infancy ;  present  wife,  whom  he  married 
in  1845,  was  Mrs.  Malinda,  widow  of 
Stephen  Gillam,  of  Canada;  her  maiden 
name  was  Tennant;  she  was  born 
on  Long  Island,  June  9,  1809:  issue  by 
her,  three  children,  Heman  (killed  at 
Kenesaw  Mountain),Henry  and  Arminda; 
those  living  are  married;  Henry  works 
the  farm,  together  with  80  acres,  worth 
$4,000,  which  he  owns ;  he  is  married  to 
Miss  Mary  Doyle;  is  Republican;  Inde- 
pendent ;  Mrs.  C.'s  five  children  by  first 
husband  are:  Louisa,  Ann,  John,  Sarah 
and  Margaret  Gillam. 

Campbell  H.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Campbell  Ira,  farmer ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.O.Durand. 

CAMPBEEE  JEREMIAH,  Farm- 
er; Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  on 
Grand  Isle,  Vt.,  April  5,  1818;  mother 
died  when  he  was  in  his  10th  year;  left 
paternal  roof,  went  to  Wayne  Co.,  N.  Y., 
when  15;  lived  4  years  there;  went  to 
Oakland  Co.,  Mich.,  thence  to  this  town, 
in  1838 ;  on  June  29,  1839,  married  Miss 
Lois,  daughter  of  Heman  and  Susan  Hoit, 
born  at  St.  Albans,  Vt.,  May  9,  1824;  she 
died  Feb.  17,  1842;  on  Oct.  19,  1843,  he 
married  her  sister,  Miss  Cynthia  E.  Hoit 


DURAND   TOWNSHIP. 


605 


born  Nov.  11,  1828;  has  five  children, 
Edward  S.  (sou  of  Lois),  born  Dec.  11, 
1840;  Romeo  H.,  Sei)t.  15,  1844  (lives  in 
Iowa);  Frank  B.,  July  35,  184(3;  Emma 
L.,  June  10,  1852  (died  April  15,1864); 
and  Eva  M.,  Dec.  21,  1854;  last  four 
named  are  issue  of  present  marriauie ; 
sold  to  his  sons,  E.  B.  and  F.  B.,  all  his 
lands  except  80  acres,  valued  at  $5,0i)0,  on 
which  himself,  wife,  and  accomplished 
daughter.  Miss  Eva,  enjoy  the  comforts  of 
a  happy  and  splendid  home ;  Republican ; 
Universalist;  has  been  School  Trustee, 
Director,  and  Road  Commissioner. 
Campbell  W.  H.  farm ;  S.  13 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

CAX03J  GEORUE  B.  Farmer;  Sec. 
30;  P.  O.Davis,  Stevenson  Co.;  born  in 
Twinsburg,  Summit  Co.,  Ohio,  Feb.  9, 
1825 ;  when  14  years  old,  went  with  his 
parents  to  Iowa ;  remained  there  one  year ; 
came  to  McDonough  Co.,  111. ;  did  not 
like  the  locaticm;  moved  lo  this  Co.  in 
1840;  married  Miss  Harriet  L.,  daughter 
of  Wm.  S.  and  Eliza  Haynes,  a  native  of 
Dutchess  Co.,  N.Y.,  on  Aug.  31,  1846;  has 
four  children,  Walter  S.,  born  Aug.  29, 
1847;  Fidelia  A.,  June  12,  1849;  Wm.  G., 
Dec.  28,  1851 ;  Lillie  M.,  Aug.  14,  1865 ; 
three  eldest  are  married ;  owns  226  acres ; 
wife  owns  38  in  this  and  12  in  Stevenson 
Co.;  total,  276  acres;  valued  at  $11,040; 
enlisted  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  I,  Aug.  15, 
1862;  was  in  battle  of  Perryville,  and 
the  Lancaster  skirmish;  was  mustered 
out  at  Chicago,  in  July,  1865;  honorably 
discharged;  has  been  Overseer  of  High- 
ways and  some  18  years  School  Director ; 
Republican ;   Independent. 

Canon  W.  G.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Davis. 

Canon  W.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Davis. 

Capron  E.  S.  merchant  tailor:  Durand. 

Carpenter  Romeo,  manufacturer  buggies, 
wagons,  etc.,  Durand. 

Cleft  Charles  E.  laborer;  Durand. 

Cleft  Earl,  butcher;  Durand. 

Cleft  Minor,  laborer;  Durand. 

COCHRAN  EI.DRID<,}E,  Farmer; 
Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  this 
Co.,  Feb.  6,  1840;  educated  at  Oberlin 
College,  O.;  came  home  in  1858;  enlisted 
in  74tli  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  H.,  Aug.  3,  1862;  mus- 
tered in  at  Camp  Fuller;  reported  at 
Louisville,  Ky. ;  went  through  campaign 
under  Gen.  Buel ;  in  battle  of  Perryville; 
lay  in  camp  at  Nashville;  fought  at  St(me 
River,Tullahoma  and  Stevenson ;  continu- 
ous marches  and  skirmishes  from  June  4 
until  battle  of  Chicamauga,  in  Sept.; 
retreated  to  Chattanooga;  besieged  there  4 
weeks ;  fought  two  days  at  Mission  Ridge 
and  Lookout  ]\Iountain ;  was  wounded ; 
on  forced  march  to  Kuoxville  to  reinforce 
army  there;  marched  thence  to  Johnson's 
Mills;  wintered  there,  foraging  and  mill- 
ing flour;  skirmished  through  Georgia 
campaign  under  Sherman ;  was  at  battles 


of  Rockyface,  Resaca,  Calhoun,  Kenne- 
saw,  and  Atlanta;  back  to  Nashville  in 
Gen.Thomas'corps ;  fought  the  rebels  there 
under  Hood;  pursued  them  to  Huntsville 
wintered  there;  tlience  to  Knoxvillc; 
repairing  railroad  on  North  Carolina  line 
when  President  was  assassinated;  back  to 
Nashville  for  grand  review;  honorably 
discharged  at  Chicago,  June  10,1865 ;  came 
home;  "married,  Sept.  11,  1870,  Minerva 
F.,  daugliter  of  Peter  and  Anna  M.  Mes- 
singer;  has  five  children  livino;,  Willard 
W.;  Elmer  M.,  Doric  M.,  Willis  E.,  and 
bloody  L. ;  owns  400  acres,  valued  at 
$20,000;  Republican;  Independent. 
Cole  Amasa,  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.O.  Durand. 

COIiE  E.  V.  Farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O. 
Durand;  born  in  Steuben  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mch. 
10,1843;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1866;  pur- 
chased  118  acres  in  this  town;  taught 
school  during  the  winter  seasons;  sent  a 
substitute  to  army  in  the  late  war;  mar- 
ried Miss  Flora  M.,  daughter  of  Wm.  and 
Eliza  A.  Crowlev,  March  10,  1869;  has 
two  children:  Chas.  M.,  born  Feb.  22, 
1872;  and  Fern  M.,  Jan.  18,  1876;  owns 
114  acres  land,  valued  at  $6,840;  Republi- 
can ;  Methodist ;  has  been  Path  Master  and 
School  Director. 

Cole  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

COLrE  JOHX,  Retired  Farmer ;  Durand ; 
born  in  Sussex  Co.,  N.  J.,  June  2,  1805; 
married,  1828,  Miss  Annie  Van  Sickle, 
born  there,  Dec.  29,  1810 ;  went  to  Steuben 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1833;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1866;  owns  house  and  six  town  lots  in, 
and  41  acres  north  of  village,  all  valued  at 
$3,500;  Republican;  Presbyterian;  has 
seven  children  living:  Mary  J.,  Sarah  E., 
Amasa  C,  Christian^A.,  Edward  V.,  Mar- 
garet S.  and  George  P..  aged  respectively 
48,  43,  39,  37,  34,  30  and  28  years ;  George 
P.  lives  on  Sec.  21 ;  owns  160  acres,  valued 
at  $7,200;  Republican;  Independent;  wife 
was  Miss  E.  A.  Colton ;  has  one  daughter, 
Edith,  born  June  9,  1860. 

Cole  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  10 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Corbon  John,  hog  jobber;  Durand. 

COIiTOX  ROBT.  Farmer;  Sec.  28; 
P.O.  Durand;  born  in  Nottinghamshire, 
Eng.,  Oct.  15,  1819 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1845;  married,  Jan.  15,  1847,  Miss  Martha 
J.,  daughter  of  Kinsley  and  Lucinda 
Himes;'wife  died  in  April,  1858;  same 
year,  ou  Sept.  15th,  married  ]\Irs.  Annie, 
daughter  of  Wm.  and  Sally  Jane,  and 
widow  of  Roswell  Ranuey;  has  by  present 
wife,  one  son  living,  Wm.  W. ;  and  by  first 
wife  has  four  living  daughters,  Letitia  C, 
Elizabeth  L.,  Grace  A.  and  Ann  E. ;  his 
wife  has  two  children  by  her  first  mar- 
riage, Emily  L.  and  Amos  D.  Ranney; 
owns  320  acres,  valued  at  $16,000;  Inde- 
pendent in  religion  and  politics;  has  been 
School  Director  and  Path  Master. 

Conley  C.  F.  laborer;  Durand. 


606 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIEECTORY: 


CORWIHT  All  ASA,  Farmer;  Sec. 
36;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  this  Co.,  April 
37,  1849 ;  enlisted  in  134th  I.  V.  1.,  Co.  E, 
for  100  days ;  when  time  expired,  he,  with 
most  of  the  re,^iment,  volunteered  to  aid 
and  participate  in  Gen.  Sherman's  great 
campaign ;  received  a  certificate  for  hon- 
orable and  brilliant  service,  and  the  thanks 
of  President  Lincoln,dated  at  Washington, 
Dec.  16,  1864 ;  married,  Dec.  15,  1872,Miss 
Mary  Ann,  daughter  of  Wm.  Fell,  who 
was  born  in  Pendel  Hill,  Lancashire, 
Eng.,  Aug.  6,  1806,  and  whose  wife  was 
Miss  Sarah  Barningham,  a  native  of 
Yorkshire,  Eng.,  to  whom  he  was  married 
in  1836;  she  died  in  1868,  leaving  five 
children :  James,  Petheria,  Thomas,  Sarah 
A.  and  Mary  Ann ;  he  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1843;  is  a  retired  farmer;  lives  with  his 
son-in-law  and  youngest  daughter,  who 
have  one  child,  Edna  L.,  born  June  9, 
1875;  both  are  Eepublicans;  Independ- 
ents; Mr.  C.  owns  81  acres,  value  $4,050. 

CORWIW  MARQniS  li.  Farmer; 
Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  Pecatonica ;  born  in  this  Co., 
Feb.  33,  1845 ;  married,  Feb.  26,  1865,  to 
Fidelia  A.,  daughter  of  George  B.  and 
Harriet  L.  Canon ;  has  two  children,  Net- 
tie M.,  born  Dec.  26, 1866;  Eva  L,  May  5, 
1870;  owns  ll}'^  acres  land,  valued  at 
$4,000;  Independent  in  politics  and  re- 
ligion ;  has  been  Path  Master  and  School 
Director. 

Couse  A.  B.  farm;  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

CO  WAX     WM.      JDIIVS9IORE:, 

Farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Davis;  born  in 
Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  3,  1810; 
parents  died  when  he  was  17  years  old ; 
worked  at  farming  until  he  was  33 ;  went 
to  Portage  Co.,  O. ;  lived  there  five  years; 
married  Miss  Susan  Redner,  a  native  of 
Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  she  was  born  Oct.  13, 
1813 ;  moved  to  Sandusky  Co. ;  lived  there 
6  years;  came  to  his  present  home  in 
1844 ;  had  six  children :  Frances  A.,  born 
and  died  in  Portage  Co.,  O.;  Theodore, 
born  in  Sandusky  Co.,  Oct.  10,  1838; 
Maria  and  Sophia  (twins),  Sept.  33,  1843 ; 
Maria  died  at  Chicago,  while  on  the  way 
to  this  place,  March  3,  1844;  Orlin  D., 
Nov.  7,  1848 ;  and  Augusta  H.,  Jan.  39, 
1850;  all  his  living  children  except  the 
youngest  are  married ;  owns  45  acres,  wife 
40,  and  son  Theodore  90  acres,  all  valued 
at $10,000;  Republican;  Methodist. 

Cravens  Benj.  teamster;  Durand. 

Crowder  A.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.O.  Durand. 

Crowder  H.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Durand. 

CROWDER  PAUI4,  Farmer;  Sec. 
9;  P.O.  Durand;  born  in  Canada,  July  14, 
1809;  married  there,  Feb.  7,  1833,  Miss 
Ann  Holland,  who  was  born  in  Ireland,in 
1813;  came  tojthis  Co.  and  located  on 'his 
present  farm  in  1851 ;  owns  183  acres, 
value  $9,100;  Democrat;  Methodist;  had 
nine  children,  of  whom  six  are  living: 
James  G.,  Wm.  G.,  Sarah  M.,  Thomas  E., 


Joseph  H.  and  Paul  E.,  aged  respectively 
44,  36,  33,  30,  38  and  34  years ;  all  his  chil- 
dren are  married;  his  wife's  father  lost  his 
way  and  was  frozen  to  death  in  the  forests 
of  Canada. 

Crowder  T.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Crawford  Alonzo  E.  Durand. 

CROWE  IRA  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  33; 
P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in  this  Co.,  Dec.  35, 
1844;  enlisted  in  153d  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  G;  was 
mustered  into  service  at  Marengo ;  sent  to 
Camp  Fry,  and  thence  to'  Tullahoma, 
Tenn. ;  was  detailed  to  hospital  duty  and 
was  Surgeon's  clerk  until  discharge  at 
Nashville.  July  33,  1865 ;  came  home  and 
married  Miss  Mary  A.,  daugliter  of  Pat- 
rick and  Alice  Harrigan,  of  this  town, 
Jan.  13,  1875 ;  has  one  son,  Edward  G., 
born  July  3,  1876;  owns  119  acres,  valued 
at  $5,950 ;  Democrat ;  Catholic ;  was  School 
Director  and  Overseer  of  Highways. 

Crowe  Jno.  farmer;  Sec.  37;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Crowley  W. A.,  Jr.  farmer ;  Sec.  13. 

Crowley  W.  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.O.  Durand. 

DAUGHERTY  PHILETUS   C.    renter; 
Sec.  39;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Dale  Lycurgus  M.  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

DA  VIES  JOHX,  Manufacturer  of 
Boots  and  Shoes,  Dealer  in  Ready-made 
Clothing,  Hats,  Caps,  Trunks,  Valises  and 
Gents'  Furnishing  Goods ;  Durand ;  born 
in  Bridge  End,  Glamorganshire,  South 
Wales,  March  9,1832;  went  to  boot  and 
shoe  trade  at  12  years  of  age ;  emigrated  to 
Washington,  D.C.,in  1854  ;"worked  at  trade 
there  18  months;  in  Chicago ^6  months, 
and  at  Rockford  15  months ;  came  to  this 
town  and  entered  into  business  Oct.  13, 
1857;  married,  Dec.  6,  1859,  Miss  Emily 
L.,  daughter  of  Solomon  Webster,  of 
Laona ;  has  five  daughters :  Elizabeth  P. , 
born  Sept.  19,  I860;  Annie  J.,  Jan.  33, 
1863 ;  Harriet  E.,  June  34,  1866 ;  Martha 
W.,  July  31, 1870;  and  Isabella  L.,  Aue.  8, 
1873;  wife  died  March  19,  1874,  aged  35 
years ;  married  again,  Sept.  3,  1875,  Miss 
F.  Louise,  daughter  of  E.  S.  Capron,  Esq.; 
no  children ;  owns  40  acres  adjoining  vil- 
lage,  his  store  building  and  two  town  lots, 
valued  at  $4,000;  Democrat;  Methodist; 
carries  a  large  and  well-selected  stock  of 
goods,  and  certainly  makes  to  order  as 
elegantly-finished  fine  boots  as  any  city 
can  boast ;  keeps  only  the  very  best  men 
on  fine  work,  two  of  whom  are  Mr.  W. 
Edmison,  who  has  worked  for  him  16 
years,  and  Mr.  F.  Friedl,  13  years. 

DAY  DAIlflEL.,  Farmer;  Sec.  39;  P. 
O.  Durand ;  born  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Penn., 
Nov.  13,  1833;  moved  to'Washington  Co., 
Ohio,  in  1842;  in  October,  1844,  married 
Arbilla,  daughter  of  Isaac  and  Hannah 
Lackey,  of  that  Co. ;  in  early  life  he  fol- 
lowed boating  on  the  Ohio  and  Missis- 
sippi; was  pilot  on  these  rivers  several 


-^^ 


/^^ 


DURAND  TP 


i^-'^h  ^^^^ 


/ 


DURAND   TOWNSHIP. 


609 


years ;  served  28  days  in  National  Guard, 
at  Camp  Putnam,  during  the  Morgan  raid 
through  Ohio;  and  nearly  2  years  in  For- 
age Department,  buying  and  delivering 
supplies  to  the  Government;  came  to  this 
Co.  and  settled  on  his  present  farm  in 
April,  1865;  has  four  children  living: 
Abbv,  born  Feb.  24,  1849;  H.  W.,  March 
30,  1851 ;  Judson,  March  7,  1857,  and  D. 
L.,  Nov.  17,  1860 ;  owns  230  acres,  worth 
$10,900;  Independent;  Liberal;  serving 
second  term  as  Commissioner  of  High- 
ways; several  3^ears  School  Director. 

DeGATES  MARK,  Carpenter  and 
Builder;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Durand;  is  pre- 
pared to  do  all  kinds  of  carpenter  and 
joiner  work,  in  the  best  and  neatest  man- 
ner, on  reasonable  terms ;  all  work  war- 
ranted; patronage  solicited;  born  in  Steu- 
ben Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  20,  1852;  taught 
school  several  winters;  married  Miss 
Mary  E.  Smythe,  of  Allegheny  Co.,  May 
5,  1873 ;  came  to  tliis  Co.  in  1866 ;  has  one 
daughter,  Ellenora,  born  July  19,  1874; 
Republican;  Independent;  renter. 

Derwent  Chas.  M.  farm;  S.  35;  P.O.Durand. 

Derwent  Jno.  H.  farm;  Sec.35;  P.O.Durand. 

DERWE^'T  SAMUEIi,  Farmer; 
Sec.  34;  P.O.Durand;  born  in  Derby- 
shire, Eng.,  m  1819 ;  was  married  at  Mo- 
tram,  Cheshire,  in  April,  1841,  to  Eliza- 
beth Rowbotham;  came  to  U.  S.  same 
year;  to  this  Co.  in  1842 ;  has  three  chil- 
dren livino;:  John  H.,  born  in  this  town, 
Jan.  13,  i'852;  Flora  A.,  Oct.  24,  1853; 
Lilian  M.,  Dec.  9,  1858;  John  H.  is  mar- 
ried to  Mary,  daughter  of  Henry  and  El- 
eanor Sarver;  daughters  are  single  and 
live  with  parents ;  owns  356  acres,  valued 
at  $13,000;  Independent  in  religion 
and  politics ;  has  served  as  Road 
Commissioner,  Supervisor,  and  School 
Director;  is  Treasurer  of  Durand  &  Laona 
Township  Insurance  Company. 

DER^VEJf T  THOMAS  YT.  Farm- 
er; Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Ches- 
hire, Eng.,  in  May,  1832;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1842;  owns  386  acres,  valued  at  $15,- 
500;  lias  lived  35  yeai's  in  this  town,  where 
his  father,  John  Denvent,  died ;  he  is  not 
married;  his  mother  superintends  the 
household  department,  assisted  by  an 
amiable  young  lady,  no  relation ;  Mr.  D. 
was  6  years  School  Director,  and  has 
served  as  Constable. 

Derwent  Wm.  farm ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Dowd  Lewis. 

Doyle  Garry,  laborer;  Durand. 

DOYI.E  MATTHE W,Retired  Farm- 
er; Durand;  born  in  County  Dublin,  Ire- 
land, in  1817 ;  came  to  U.  S.  in^  1835 ; 
lived  two  years  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  vis- 
ited Ireland,  traveled  most  of  that  country 
and  England,  returned  to  Orange  Co., 
lived  5  years  there,  and  in  1844  came  to 
this  Co.;   owns  a  farm  of  420  acres,  13 


town  lots  and  a  good  residence,  valued  at 
$25,000;  Democrat;  Catholic;  married 
Miss  Martha  Green,  of  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y., 
ip  1844;  no  children. 

Dojde  Simon,  laborer;  Sec.  13;  P.O.Durand. 

Drake  R.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Duke  Chas.  A.  farm  laborer;  Sec.  13;  P.  O. 
Durand. 

EDMISON  WALLACE,  boot  and  shoe- 
maker; Durand. 
Ely  Fred,  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Evans  Alphonzo,  farm;  S.  13;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Evans  Alfred,  farm;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Durand. 

FELL  WILLIAM,  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O. 
Durand. 
Felts  E.  B.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.O.Durand. 

FELTS  ELIJAH,  Farmer;  Sec.  26; 
P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in  Wilks  Co.,  N.  C, 
June  23,  1810;  married  March  10,  1833, 
Miss  Elsie,  daughter  of  Imlah  and  Lucia 
Ball,  of  that  Co. ;  came  to  his  present  farm 
in  1837;  Republican;  Baptist;  owns  125 
acres,  valued  at  $6,000 ;  left  the  South  be- 
cause, should  he  be  blessed  with  children 
and  grow  in  riches,  they  might,  under  the 
influence  of  "the  peculiar  institution,"  be- 
come tyrannical,  or,  should  poverty  over- 
take them,  they  Avould  be  onlj'  "poor 
white  trash,"  that  could  never  rise; 
through  sickness  and  other  misfortunes, 
the  journey  North  was  long,  tedious  and 
trj'ing,  extending  over  three  years,  having 
had  to  sojourn  in  Indiana  and  Michigan; 
so  weary  were  they  when  they  reached 
this  place,  and  so  pleased  with  the  beauty 
of  its  scenery,  its  cool  and  gushing 
spring,  its  grand  old  forest  trees,  and  rich, 
undulating  prairie,  that  they  decided  here 
to  stop  and  live ;  they  have  been  blessed 
with  fourteen  children ;  eleven  are  living, 
Susan  A.,  Aaron  M.,  Sarah  J., ^Matilda, 
George  W.,  Oliver,  Edward  B.,  Emeline, 
Orrilla  M.,  Charles,  and  Florence  A. ;  one, 
Matilda,  who  in  early  life  became  the 
wife  of  Mr.  J.  A.  Fletcher,  has  a  history; 
she  has  been  known  to  the  public  for 
eight  years  as  an  orator  and  writer  of 
great  and  diversified  power  of  mind,  en- 
thusiastic in  reforms,  without  being  a 
fanatic,  a  disliker  of  extremists  and  sham 
reformers. 

FELTS      MRS.      HESTER      A. 

Widow ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in 
Huron  Co.,  Ohio,  March  7,  1822;  maiden 
name  was  Knight;  her  father  died  in 
Ohio;  came  to  lliis  Co.  with  her  step- 
father, Thomas  Armstrong,  in  1837;  mar- 
ried at  Rockford,  Jan.  7,  1839,  to  Aaron 
Felts,  born  in  North  Carolina,  March  6, 
1802;  he  came  hero  in  1836;  died  July  22, 
1875;  had  eight  children;  five  are  living, 
Sarah  A.,  Agnes  31.,  Althe  E.,  Wm.  W., 
and  EffieMay;  the  last  named  two  live 
with  her ;  owns  100  acres,  valued  at  $5,000. 


610 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIREOTOKT: 


Felts  Wm.  W.  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Fergusson  M.  rents  farm;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Pe- 

catonica. 
Fleming  P.  farm;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
Fenner  Wm.  laborer ;  Dmand. 

FORSYTH  GEO.  W.  Mechanic; 
Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  N.  Y. 
City,  Aug.  15,  1839;  was  brought^  up  to 
tlie  jewelry  business;  came  to  this  State 
and  Co.  in  1861 ;  married  Miss  Elvira  S.. 
daughter  of  Nahum  and  Jane  Foster,  of 
Pecatonica,  Feb.  22,  1871 ;  has  four  chil- 
dren :  Emma  E.,  born  Dec.  3, 1871 ;  Irene 
E.,  June  5,  1873;  Willard  F.,  Nov.  16. 
1874;  and  Myrtle,  July  25,  1877;  owns 
steam  saw  mill,  and  3  acres  land  in  the 
village  of  Elton  valued  at  $400,  also  part 
owner  of  mill  property  and  80  acres  in 
Harrison  Tp. ;  Independent  in  religion 
and  politics ;  is  School  Director. 

Foss  W.  A.  retired  farmer ;  Durand. 

Franklin  C.  M.  farm;  Sec.  36;  P.O.  Durand. 

Franklin  M.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Fink  J.W.farm  laborer  ;S.31  ;P.O.Pecatonica. 

Friedl  Frank,  shoemaker ;  Durand. 

FRITZ  GEOROE,  Farmer;  Sec.  12; 
P.O.  Durand;  born  in  Washington  Co., 
Md.,  Nov.  22,  1813;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1837;  owns  209-'^3'  acres,  valued  at  $10,500; 
Democrat;  Independent;  was  several  years 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  held  other  im- 
portant offices;  married  Miss  Cornelia 
Jane,  daughter  ot  Elijah  Cleveland,  of# 
Chenango  Co..  N.  Y.,  Jan.  1,  1840;  she 
was  born  Nov.  29,  1818;  they  have  four 
children  living :  George  A.,  Ann  C,  Ellen 
A.  and  Henry  J.;  all  married  except  Ellen 
A. ;  George  A.  enlisted  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  Co. 
H.,  in  Aug.,  1862;  was  in  battles  of  Stone 
River,  Perryville  and  Murfreesboro ;  took 
sick,  lay  in  hospital  some  time,  w^as  trans- 
ferred to  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  and 
finally  mustered  out  at  Louisville,  Ky., 
in  1865. 

Fritz  G.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Durand. 

FrRLOICG    MRS.     MARY     M. 

Widow;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in 
Ind  ,  May  5,  1828 ;  came  with  her  parents, 
Scott  and  Lovina  Robb,  to  this  Co.  in  1836, 
and  settled  in  this  town ;  she  married  Wm. 
Furlong,  a  native  of  Co.  Wexford,  Ireland, 
in  1850 ;  he  had  served  five  years  in  the 
regular  army  before  he  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1846 ;  during  the  late  war  he  served  in  Co. 
B,  7th  I.  V.  C,  and  after  long  service, 
fighting  for  his  adopted  country,  he  was, 
with  eleven  of  his  comrades,  captured  and 
died  a  prisoner  at  Florence,  S.  C. ;  Mrs.  F. 
draws  a  pension,  and  owns  50  acres,  valued 
at|2,000;  has  three  children:  Scott  L., 
born  Nov.  30, 1851 ;  John  E.,  Dec.  15, 1853 ; 
Ada  M.,  Jan.  14,  1860;  sons  are  Republi- 
can; Independent. 

Fyler  W.  E.  clerk ;  Durand. 


/^ALARD  JAMES, laborer;  Durand. 

Galard  Michael,  laborer ;  Durand. 

GANOUNG  ARTHUR  H.  Wagon- 
maker,  Painter,  and  Farmer;  Durand; 
born  in  Lima,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct. 
13,  1822;  spent  four  j^ears  with  his  uncle 
learning  painter's  trade;  went  to  Chicago 
in  1843:  worked  at  house  and  cabinet 
painting  till  1847 ;  married,  Oct.  5,  1845, 
Miss  Nancy,  daughter  of  John  Underbill, 
of  Lake  Co. ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  fall  of 
1847 ;  have  six  children :  George  W.,  Hel- 
en L.,  Nancy  J.,  Wm.  11.,  James  A.  and 
Charles  M.,  aged  respectivelj^  27,  23,  21, 
19,  16  and  14  years;  Republican;  Inde- 
pendent; owns  120  acres,  town  lots  and 
Shops,  valued  at  $7,000;  makes  and  re- 
pairs wagons,  buggies  and  democrats; 
does  plain  and  ornamental  painting ;  all 
kinds  of  blacksmithing,  horseshoeing  ex- 
cepted. 
Ganoung  John,  laborer;  Durand. 
Garrey  M.  J.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Gates  Calvin,  works  for  L.  Gates ;  Sec.  31 ; 

P.  O.  Pecatonica. 
GATES  liOREIlfZO,  Farmer;  Sec. 
31;  P.  O.  Pecatonica;  born  in  Union  Co., 
O.,  in  March,  1827 ;  came  with  parents  to 
this  Co.  in  1840;  when  a  boy  he  hauled 
grain,  dressed  hogs  and  other  products  of 
father's  farm  to  market  at  Chicago,  Du- 
buque, Mineral  Point  and  Galena,  sleeping 
many  nights  under  Heaven's  high  arch, 
the  broad  prairie  his  bed,  the  wolves  howl- 
ing as  if  hungry  for  pork  steak ;  was  mar- 
ried Sept.  12,  1851,  to  Miss  Nancy  J., 
daughter  of  John  and  Margaret  Thomp- 
son, of  this  town ;  have  two  children :  Olus, 
born  June  17,  1852;  Clio,  April  25,  1854; 
she  is  the  wife  of  L}xurgus  M.  Dale;  owns 
333^3  acres,  valued  at  $18,500;  Republi- 
can ;  Independent ;  School  Director.- 
Gates  Mark  D.  carpenter  and  builder ;  Sec. 

28 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Gates  Olus,  lives  with  father;  Sec.  31. 
Gillam  J.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.O.Durand. 
Goakey  Thos.  laborer;  Sec.  13;  P.O.Durand. 
GOODRICH  DAVID  M.  Farmer; 
Sec.  8;  P.O.Durand;  born  in  Saratoga 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  19,  1814;  married  in  1837 
to  Miss  Eliza  Ann  Wells,  of  Onondaga 
Co.,  to  which  place  his  parents  had  moved 
when  he  was  2  years  old ;  he  came  to  this 
Co.  in  June,  1838 ;  owns  100  acres,  valued 
at  $5,000;  Republican;  Independent,  but 
firm  believer,  in  religion;  wife  died  in 
Aug.,  1856;  have  had  seven  children,  three 
only  are  living :  Betsy,  Wealthy  and  Allen ; 
married  again,  in  1857,  Mrs.  Harriet,  widow 
of  Alonzo  Ames,  and  daughter  of  Allen 
Bill,  of  Berkshire  Co.,  Mass.,  where  she 
was  born  Sept.  19, 1824;  she  had  one  child, 
Jane  P.  Ames,  by  first  husband ;  issue  of 
present  marriage:  Ella  D.  and  Kate  E. 
Goodrich,  both  single;  his  oldest  child, 


DTJRAND   TOWNSHIP. 


611 


Henry  J.,  served  in  74tli  I.  V.  I.;  was 
wounded  at  Kenesaw  Mountain ;  died  at 
Chattanooga  in  July,  1863. 

GOODWIN  I.EVI  H.  Farmer;  Sec. 
22;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Essex  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  in  1808;  married,  in  1828,  Miss  Sally 
Dudle}',  of  Clinton  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  run  saw- 
mill until  he  left  there  for  this  Co.  in  1855 ; 
built  his  present  house  in  1861 ;  owns  now 
30  acres,  valued  at  $1,400;  Republican; 
Congregatioualist;  had  six  sons  and  six 
daughters;  two  sons  were  in  the  late  war; 
Albert,  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  was  a  prisoner  in 
the  South,  released  and  died  in  Jefferson 
Barracks,  Mo.,  June  6,  1865;  James  D. 
served  in  55th  I.  V.  I.;  was  wounded  at 
Shiloh,  and  died  at  Cincinnati,  May  5, 
1862 ;  only  four  of  his  children  are  living : 
Mary  E.,  Alvira,  Russel  R.  and  Loderna 
C. ;  all  married. 

Goodwin  T.  well-digger ;  Durand. 

GREEBT  CHARIiES  H.  Farmer; 
Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Rockland, 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  7,  1848 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1867 ;  owns  40  acres,  valued  at  $2,000 ; 
Republican;  Independent;  married,  Feb. 
29,  1872 ;  Miss  Amanda,  daughter  of  He- 
man  and  Malinda  Campbell,  of  this  town ; 
had  three  children:  Mary  L.,  born  May 
20,  1873;  Alvin,  Feb.  17,  (died  March  8,) 
1875 ;  and  boy  (not  named)  born  June  4, 
1877. 

GRISWOIiD  CHARIiES  E.  Ed- 
itor and  Proprietor  of  The  Patriot ;  Du- 
rand ;  born  at  Long  Prairie,  Minn.,  March 
17,  1851 ;  before  he  was  a  year  old  his  pa- 
rents, taking  him,  made  the  perilous  jour- 
ney, by  canoe,  down  the  Mississippi, 
through  the  then  little  trading  post  of  St. 
Paul,  to  Fort  Prairie  Du  Chien,  thence  by 
stage  coach,  rail,  etc.,  to  Vermont ;  after  a 
short  sojourn,  went  thence  to  Elkader, 
Clayton  Co.,  Iowa;  was  brought  up  to 
farming  until  13  years  old,  when  his  father 
sold  out  and  took  his  family  East,  re- 
mained a  year,  came  West  again  and 
bought  a  large  farm  in  Osage,  Mitchell 
Co.,  Iowa;  when  18  years  old,  he  entered 
a  country  printing  office,  worked  2  years, 
went  to  Chicago  and  worked  a  year  under 
instructions  in  a  job  printing  office;  went 
to  Sherman,  Texas ;  became  sick ;  returned 
to  Iowa  and  was  12  months  regaining 
health ;  came  to  111.  in  1875 ;  purchased  of 
its  owner  the  Durand  Enterprise,  pub- 
lished in  a  neighboring  town,  opened  an 
office  and  fitted  up  a  "  sanctum "  here, 
changing  the  name  of  the  paper  to  The 
Patriot,  having  an  original  motto:  '■'No 
success  icithout  labor.''  He  has  now  a  very 
complete  newspaper  and  job  printing 
office,  from  which  issues  every  Friday 
one  of  the  best  and  liveliest  local  weeklies 
published  in  the  West,  with  a  steadily  in- 
creasing advertising  patronage  and  fast 
growing  list  of  subscribers;  in  him  the 
talent,  energy  and  industry  that  insui'es 


success  seem  to  be  united ;  he  does  nearly 
all  his  type-setting,  writes  ail  his  spicy 
editorials,  having  only  a  boy  to  assist  him 
after  school  hours;  he  is  Notary  Public; 
Republican;  Independent;  has  been  Sec- 
retary of  Reform  Lodge,  No.  116,  Good 
Templars,  since  its  organization  in  June, 
1877,  and  has  recently  been  elected  its  L.  D. 
Gunderson  J.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Durand 


H 


ANFORD  LEANDER  B.  saloon  keep- 
er; Durand. 
Hanson  Peter,  laborer ;  Durand. 
Hargraves  R.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O. Durand. 
Hargraves  Thos.  lives  with  father,  Richard; 

Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Harris  E.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Hartley  Everett  C.  son  of  William ;  Sec.  34 ; 

P.  O.  Durand. 
Hartley  Wm.  farmer;  Sec. 34;  P.O.  Durand. 
Hartley  W.  son  of  William;  Sec.  34;  P.  O. 

Durand. 
Harvey  J.  laborer;  Durand. 

HAUGHTO:Sf  AAROK,  Sr.  Farm- 
er and  Stone  Mason;  Sec.  35;  P.  O. 
Durand;  born  in  Cheshire,  Eng.,  in  1812; 
married  Miss  Harriet,  daughter  of  Thomas 
and  Hannah  Derwent,  a  native  of  Derby- 
shire, Eng. ;  came  to  U.  S.  in  1841 ; 
sojourned  a  year  at  Rochester,  N.  Y. ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1842 ;  wife  died  Feb. 
12,  1844 ;  married  Miss  Mary  A.,  daughter 
of  Job  and  Elizabeth  Barningham,  in 
June,  1844;  she  died  in  Feb.,  1857;  his 
present  wife  was  Mrs.  Ruth,  widow  of 
Milo  Hall  and  daughter  of  M.  Bradley,  of 
Vt. ;  had  seven  children  by  first  wife,  five 
of  them  are  living,  Thomas  D.,  Aaron, 
Mary  H.,  Nye  and  Samuel;  by  second 
wife  had  seven,  three  of  whom  are  living, 
Sarah,  Clara,  and  Henry;  no  issue  by 
present  wife;  owns  190  acres,  valued  at 
$7,000 ;  he  built  the  first  all  stone  residence 
in  this  Co.,  where  now  there  are  many, 
that  of  his  son,  Thomas  D.,  being  among 
the  best;  has  been  Post  Master,  Path 
Master  and  School  Director ;  Republican ; 
Independent. 

Haughton  Henry,  works  farm  and  lives  with 
T.  D. ;  Sec.  36. 

Haughton  E.  lives  with  father,  T.  D. ;  Sec.36. 

HAUOHTON  THOMAS  D.  Farm- 
er and  Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. 
Durand;  born  in  Cheshire,  Eng.,  in  1832; 
emigrated  in  1841 ;  lived  one  year  in  Roch- 
ester, N.Y. ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1842;  mar- 
ried Miss  Agnes,  daughter  of  Henry  and 
Eleanor  Sarver,  of  Harrison  Tp.,  in  1855 ; 
has  three  children,  Everett,  born  Sept. 
8,  1856;  Emily  H.,  Dec.  2,  1857;  and 
Florence  A.,  Dec  18,  1859;  owns  310 
acres,  valued  at  $14,000;  Independent  in 
religion  and  politics;  is  School  Director 
and'has  been  several  years. 

Hayes  Albert,  butcher ;  Durand. 


612 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


H£RRIXO  G-EO.  H.  Farmer;  Sec. 
20;  P.O.  Durand;  born  in  Oxford  Co., 
Maine,  July  13,  1820;  his  father  came 
with  family  to  Rockford,  in  1838;  lived 
there  a  few  months ;  moved  to  this  farm 
same  year;  he  (Geo.  H.),  on  May  21,  1843, 
married  Miss  Lovina,  daughter  of  Davicl 
Campbell,  of  Cherry  Valley;  she  died 
Dec.  29,  1854,  leaving  two  sons,  Simeon  A. 
and  Jerome  C. ;  his  present  wife,  whom  he 
married  Maj^  1,  1855,  was  Miss  Ann, 
daughter  of  Peter  and  Margery  Mann; 
she  was  raised  in  Lewis  Co.,  N.  Y.,  edu- 
cated at  Lowville  Academy,  came  West 
under  patronage  of  Gov.  Slade,  of  Vt.,  in 
1851,  in  the  educational  interests  of  the 
New  England  Woman's  Literary  and 
Missionary  Society;  children  of  this  mar- 
riage are:  Daniel  M.,  Lettie  J.,  Sybelle 
and  Angeline  F. ;  had  penchant  for  the 
woods,  the  mines,  and  the  frontiers; 
worked  in  the  Wisconsin  pineries;  rafted 
on  the  Wisconsin  and  Mississippi ;  crossed 
the  plains  in  1849;  erected  a  ranche  on 
the  Sacramento;  was  among  the  early 
gold  hunters  and  miners ;  came  home  in 
1852 ;  off  to  Montana  in  1866,  taking  a 
herd  of  cows ;  started  dairy ;  lost  most  of 
them  first  winter;  poor  success;  mined 
some;  made  but  little  and  came  home 
Jan.  1,  1870;  owns  102  acres,  valued  at 
$7,000;  Greenbacker  and  Spiritualist. 

Herring  G.  farmer ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Herring  J.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.  Durand. 

Herring  J.  lives  with  father;  Sec  20;  P.  O. 
Durand. 

Herring  J.  M.  lives  with  father;  single; 
Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Durand. 

HERRIXG^  JOHX  R.  Farmer;  Sec. 
13;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Parsonsfield, 
Maine,  in  1818 ;  settled  in  this  Co.,  June, 
1838;  owns  a  farm  of  2C4  acres,  which, 
with  other  real  estate,  is  worth  $15,- 
000;  in  1838-9,  assisted  D.  A.  Spauldmg, 
U.  S.  Deputy  Survej'or,  in  making  govern- 
ment surveys  in  Ogle,  DeKalb,  Boone  and 
Winnebago  Counties,  and  for  many  years 
made  most  of  the  surveys  in  the  JST.  W. 
part  of  this  Co. ;  was  first  Town  Clerk  of 
Durand ;  has  been  most  of  the  time  for 
35  years  Associate  Justice  and  Justice  of 
the  Peace;  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Suikrvisors  of  this  Co.  7  years;  and 
Chairman  of  the  Board  1  year ;  Township 
Treasurer  35  years;  laid  out  the  village 
plat  of  Durand,  in  1856,  and  was  one  of 
the  Proprietors  ot  the  town;  in  1853,  he 
married  Miss  Nancy  Grippen,  of  Winne- 
bago; his  children  now  living  are:  John 
M.,  Mary  and  Eygji;  his  father,  John 
Herring,  living  on  Sec.  21,  with  his  son, 
Granville,  was  born  at  Gloucester,  Maine, 
Feb.  9,  1788;  when  six  weeks  old  moved 
to  Norway,  Maine,  as  one  of  its  first  settlers. 
married  Miss  Mercy  H.  Haskell;  was  a 
soldier  in  the  war  of  1812;  after  returning 
therefrom  he  became  convinced  that  all 


wars  were  unchristian  and  sinful,  hence 
joined  the  Society  of  Friends;  in  1838,  he 
left  his  home,  at  Waterford,  Maine,  and 
came  to  Rockford,  Ills. ;  in  the  fall  of  that 
year,  moved  to  the  (now)  town  of  Durand, 
with  his  family,  consisting  of  three 
daughters  and  four  sons;  all  since  mar- 
ried— Julia  H.  to  F.  Kron,  Mercy  H.  to 
P.  B.  Webster,  Sybil  T.  to  G.  A.  Pettingill, 
see  biographies  of  John  R.  and  Geo.  H. ; 
Granville's  first  wife  was  Barbara  Jenne- 
wein,  his  present  was  Mariette  Marcy; 
and  Benjamin,  who  married  Honor  Pen- 
gra ;  all  are  Republicans ;  the  father,  who 
is  said  to  be  the  oldest  man  in  the  Co., 
formerly  belonged  to  the  Liberty  Party. 

Herring  J.  R.  Sec.  13 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Herring  S.  farmer ;  Sec.  21 ;   P.  O.  Durand. 

Hoffman  Thos.  mason ;  Durand. 

HOFFSTAEDT  FREDERICK, 

Farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Davis;  born  in 
Prussia,  Dec.  6,  1821 ;  was  Inspector  of 
farms  there ;  came  to  New  York  in  1850 ; 
went  to  Milwaukee,  thence  to  Beloit; 
from  there  went  to  the  far  West ;  worked 
as  farm  hand;  came  to  this  Co.  and  farmed 
on  shares ;  married  Miss  Gertrude  Houser, 
May  14,  1854 ;  in  1856,  moved  to  Minne- 
sota ;  claimed  160  acres ;  lived  there  about 
11  years;  sold  claim;  returned  here  in 
1867;  purchased  his  farm,  140  acres, 
worth  $7,000 ;  has  seven  children,  Frank- 
lin N.,  born  Aug.  2,  1856;  Geo.  E.,  May 
10,  1858;  TheresiaL.,  Jan.  29,  1861;  Ad- 
die  W.,  Feb.  12,1863;  Frederick  I.,  March 
28,  1865;  Ann  E.,  Aug.  7,  1867;  and  David 
G.,  Oct.  28,  1869;  Republican;  Evangeli- 
can;  wife  and  four  children  are  church 
members. 

HOOKER  JAMES,  Baker  and  Con- 
fectioner ;  Durand ;  keeps  neatly  furnished 
parlors  and  rooms,  where  he  caters  for 
ladies  and  gentlemen,  serving  them  with 
oysters  and  every  edible  found  in  a  first- 
class  restaurant ;  was  born  in  Wyandotte 
Co.,  Ohio,  March  7,  1837 ;  his  father  died 
in  1844;  he  moved  to  Green  Co.,  Wis.,  in 
1847;  married  Miss  Elmira  Straw,  in 
1858;  she  was  born  in  Wyandotte  Co.,  O., 
May  8,  1841 ;  she  died  Jan.  10,  1861 ;  he 
married  again,  Feb.  5, 1863,  Miss  Arminda, 
daughter  of  John  and  Eliza  Johnson,  of 
this  Tp. :  had  one  son  by  first  marriage, 
Charles  I.,  born  Nov.  27,  1858;  owns  town 
lot  and  business  house,  valued  at  $1,000; 
Republican;  Methodist;  enlisted  in  153d 
I.  V.  I.,  Co.G.,  Feb.  14, 1865;  did  garrison 
duty  at  Tullahoma;  lay  in  Memphis  two 
mouths;  mustered  out  Sept.  21,  1865;  paid 
off  at  Springfield. 

Horigan  Henry,  lives  with  father;  Sec.  24: 
P.  O.  Durand. 

Horigan  James,  farm;  Sec.  23;  P.O.Durand. 

Horigan  John,  lives  with  father;  Sec.  23; 
P.  O.  Durand. 

Horigan  P.  farmer ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 


DtTRANt)  TOWNSHIP. 


613 


HOrSER  MRS.  ElilZABKTH, 

Widow;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Davis;  born  in 
Hesse  Darmstadt,  Germany,  in  1794:;  her 
husband,  Nichohis  Houser,  was  born  in 
1790;  they  were  married  April  2a,  1815; 
he  died  here,  in  June,  1873;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1851 ;  had  eleven  children,  born  in 
Germany;  six  are  living,  John,  born  June 
9,  1831;  Appolone,  July  18,  1836;  Ger- 
trude, March  19,  1839;  Catherine,  Aug. 
39,  1835;  Anna  Mary,  Aug.  3,  1838; 
Theresia  M.,  Oct.  15,  1841;  she  and  the 
youngest  two  daughters  own  100  acres, 
valued  at  $6,000;  Mr.  H.,  in  his  native 
countrj^,  followed  the  coopering  business ; 
the  family  are  Catholic. 

Hoyt  E.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Hoyt  Heman,  works  for  E.  Campbell ;  Sec. 
33 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Hoji;  Nelson,  Sec.  17 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Hoyt  O.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Durand. 

HURD  CHESTER  A.  Farmer;  Sec. 
33;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Litchfield  Co., 
Conn.,  in  1830;  learned  tailoring  trade  in 
N.  Y.  City ;  lived  there  13  years ;  married 
Miss  Mary  E.  Harris,  in  1843;  lived  18 
months  in  Beloit,  Wis. ;  came  to  his  pres- 
ent home  in  1851 ;  Republican ;  Independ- 
ent; owns  54  acres,  valued  at  $3,160;  has 
twelve  children,  George  A.,  Francis  H., 
Mary  E.,  Eliza  A.,  Alonzo  R.,  Stephen  N., 
Addison  J.,  Eugene  G.,  Charles  E.,  Stella 
J.,  Emma  A.  and  Edward  D.,  all  alive; 
George  A,  served  in  74th  Regt.  I.  V.  I., 
from  Aug.,  1863,  till  war  closed. 

Hurd  D.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Hurlbut  L.  R.  painter ;  Durand.  , 

Hurlbut  T.  R.  painter;  Durand. 


I 


NGERBERTSON  JOHN,  mason ; 
Durand. 

'ACOBS  O.  H.  Post  Master;  Durand. 


JOHNSOX  JOHX  A.  Farmer;  Sec. 
15 ;  P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in  Essex  Co., 
Mass.,  July  31,1810;  when  16  years  old 
went  to  blacksmith  trade,  which  he  fol- 
lowed until  1870;  married,  Dec,  1833, 
Miss  Eliza  A.,  daughter  of  James  and 
Betsey  Pettingill;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1887 ;  built  the  first  smithy  erected  north 
of  the  Pecatouic  in  this  Co.;  a  very  re- 
spectable settler,  still  living,  sent  his  son 
to  the  shop  with  a  horse  to  have  the  shoes 
sharpened ;  Mr.  J.  began  to  take  them  off; 
the  youth  demurred,  saying:  "My  father 
don't  want  the  shoes  taken  otF,  he  wants 
them  sharpened."  "But  I  must  heat 
them,"  replied  Mr.  J.  "Well,  you  may," 
quoth  the  boy,  "but  be  sure  you  do  not 
burn  his  feet."  Owns  176  acres,  valued  at 
$7,040;  Republican;  Independent;  has 
seven  children,  John  F.,  Emily  I.,  Ar- 
minda  A.,  George  J.,  Ruby  M,,  Addie  E., 
and  Frank  P. ;  one  son,  Charles  E.,  served 


in  55th  and  153d  I.  V.  I.  Regts.  I.  V.  I.; 
mustered  out  in  Sept.,  1865 ;  died  Nov.  17, 

1873. 

JOHNSOX  JOHN  F.  Farmer;  Sec. 
15 ;  P.  O.  Durand ;  born  in  Buffalo,  Sept. 
13,  1837;  came  to  this  Co.  when  two 
months  old;  worked  at  blacksmithing 
trade  for  his  father,  John  A.;  married. 
May  33,  1861,  Miss  Caroline  M.  Jayne,  of 
this  town ;  had  two  children,  Elmer  E., 
born  Sept.  36,  1864,  and  Lula  I.,  July  6, 
1869;  Elmer  E.  died  March  3,  1866;  rents 
35  acres  of  his  fiither ;  personal  property, 
$500;  Republican;  Independent. 

Jones  E.  L.  laborer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Jones  John,  carpenter;  Durand. 

JO!SLi:Sf  GEORGE  H.  Stock  Buyer; 
Durand;  born  in  Surrey,  N.  H.,  Jan. 
37,  1819;  lived  with  his  parents,  who 
moved  to  Tioga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  untd  1840; 
then  visited  this  Co. :  returned  to  N.  Y. ; 
taught  school  there  and  in  Penn.  during 
the  winters  of  1841, 1843  and  1843 ;  farmed, 
and  ran  on  the  rivers  in  the  summer;  Dec. 
3,  1843,  he  married  Miss  Eunice,  daughter 
of  ]\Iathias  and  Sarah  Olmstead,  of  Brad- 
ford Co.,  Penn.;  moved  to  this  Co.  in 
1844;  farmed  until  1850;  went  to  Cali- 
fornia ;  remained  one  year  ;  came  back  in 
1851;  farmed  till  1869;  sold  the  farm; 
visited  relations  in  N.  Y.  and  Penn.,  in 
1870;  permanently  located  at  Durand, 
buying  stock,  and  part  of  the  time  dealing 
in  meat;  owns  real  estate,  valued  at 
$3,500;  Republican;  Independent;  served 
one  year  a  member  of  Board  of  Super- 
visors ;  two  years  Town  Assessor,  and  four 
years  a  Justice  of  the  Peace;  has  three 
children,  Heniy  H.,  Julia  E.,  and  Nellie 
E.,  aged  34,31  and  17  years;  Henry  H. 
was  married,  in  Sept.,  1809,  to  Miss  Nellie 
Hall,  of  Rockford,  and  Julia  E.  to  Mr. 
Martin  Sarver,  a  mercliant  of  Durand; 
Nellie  E.  is  single ;  both  son  and  son-in- 
law  served  in  the  late  war,  the  former  in 
the  55th  Regt.  I.  V.  I. ;  was  in  38  engage- 
ments, among  which  were  Shiloh,  Vicks- 
burg,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Atlanta  and 
Jackson ;  was  wounded  at  Shiloh,  and 
was  P.  M.  at  Durand,  in  1873  and  1873 ; 
resigned  to  engage  in  other  business; 
the  latter  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  H,  fought 
at  Perryville,  Crab  Orchard,  and  Murfrees- 
boro,  where  he  was  wounded ;  after  recov- 
ery was  in  Invalid  Corps  till  close  of  war; 
he  receives  a  pension ;  keeps  an  extensive 
grocery,  dry  goods  and  notion  store ;  buys 
and  ships  butter,  beans,  eggs,  green  and 
dried  fruits,  etc;  owns  real  estate  valued  at 
$3,000,  and  carries  an  average  stock  of 
$4,000;  Republican;  Independent. 

Joslin   Henry  H.  general  business;  Durand. 
Judd  J.  buys  and  ships  produce;  Durand. 

JCDD  EfEI^SOX,  Farmer;  Sec.  83; 
P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Sandusky  Co.,  O., 
June  17,  1825 ;  came  with  his  parents  to 


614 


WINNEBAGO   COtTNTY  DIEECTOBT: 


this  Co.  in  1839;  married  July  13,  1848,  to 
Miss  Lucy  M.,  daughter  of  Asa  Hemen- 
way ;  she  was  born  in  Vt.,  and  died  here 
June  3,  1873,  leaving  nine  children,  Ed- 
mond  N.,  Maria  L.,  Orin  H.  Emerson  J. 
(now  dead),  Adelbert  F.,  Adalede  L.,  Em- 
ma R.,  Hattie  L.,  and  Frederick  J.,  aged 
respectively,  28,  27,  25,  20,  18,  14,  11  and  4 
years;  was  again  married  to  Miss  Elenora 
M.,  daughter  of  Wm.  and  Eveline  Beemer, 
of  this  town,  by  whom  he  has  two  children, 
Eveline  V.,  born  Dec.  6, 1874,  and  Ernest 
J.,  April  13,  1876 ;  ownS- 185  acres,  valued 
at  $9,250 ;  Republican ;  Methodist. 

KILEY  JAMES,  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O. 
Durand. 
Kiley  Wm.  H.  lives  with  father,  Jas.  Kiley ; 
Sec.  35 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 


L 


EECH  JOHN  S.  lives  with  father;  Sec. 
36;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Ii££€H  JNO.  Farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. 
Durand ;  born  in  Mosley,  Lancashire,  Eng., 
Aug.  7, 1824 ;  was  cotton  spinner ;  came  to 
U.  S.  in  1847;  worked  at  his  trade  in  R.  I. 
and  Mass. ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1849;  went 
back  East;  remained  four  years;  married, 
Aug.  31, 1851,  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Higginbot- 
ham,  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H. ;  she  was  born 
at  Oldham,  Eng.,  April  27,  1823 ;  returned 
and  located  on  his  present  farm  in  1853 ; 
owns  370  acres,  valued  at  $11,100;  Inde- 
pendent; Episcopalian;  had  eight  chil- 
dren; four  are  living;  Levi,  born  Aug.  24, 
1852;  John  S.,  Aug.  5,  1857;  Allen,  Nov.  2, 
1864;  Lizzie,  June  24, 1866;  was  Path  Mas- 
ter and  School  Director. 

McCALLAMTHOS.H.  farmhand;  Sec. 
21;  P.O.  Durand. 
McCrady  J.  rents  farm ;  S.  15 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
McGraw  J.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.O.  Durand. 
McKay  A.  L.  harness-maker ;  Durand. 
Maham  Chas.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.O.  Durand. 
Malowney  Lewis,  section  boss;  Durand. 

MAJLOWKEY  JXO.Was  born  in  Co. 
Wexford,  Ireland,  July  4,  1784;  lives  in 
village  of  Durand ;  came  to  this  Co.  with 
his  son,  who  is  section  boss  on  the  W.  U. 
R.  R.,  in  1873. 

Marriner  C.  D.  principal  of  school ;  Durand. 

Martin  Lewis,  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.O.  Durand. 

Martin  Jos.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Martin  Sam.  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Durand. 

MARSH  COI..  JASOX,  Attorney 
at  Law;  retired;  Sec.  25;  P.O.  Durand; 
born  in  Windsor  Co.,  Vt.,  in  March,  1807 ; 
had  a  common  school  and  academical  ed- 
ucation, until  he  was  16  years  old;  he  then 
went  to  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  began  life 
teaching  school;  in  1825  went  to  Genessee, 
now  Wyoming  Co.,  where  he  continued 
teaching,  and  began  to  study  law ;  in  1829 
went  to  Adams  in  Jefferson  Co. ;  continued 


his  studies  and  teaching  until  1831 ;  was 
then  admitted  and  practiced  till  1839 ;  mar- 
ried in  1832,  to  Miss  Harriet  M.,  daughter 
of  the  then  eminent  Dr.  John  Staftbrd,  of 
that  town ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1839,  and 
located  at  Rockford,  where  he  soon  ob- 
tained reputation  and  a  paying  practice  in 
this  and  adjoining  counties,  not  only  in 
the  cii'cuit,  but  also  in  the  supreme  court ; 
he  was  somewhat  conspicuously  identified 
with  every  movement  conducive  to  the 
growth  and  prosperity  of  the  city  until 
1862,  when  he  raised  a  regiment  (74th  I. 
V.  I.),  of  which  he  was  Colonel,  command- 
ing till  fall  of  1863,  when,  having  been 
wounded  at  jMission  Ridge,  he  became  in- 
capacitated, and  came  home  to  recuperate; 
supposing  he  was  thoroughly  recovered  in 
a  couple  of  months,  he  returned  to  his 
command,  and  was  through  campaign 
from  Chattanooga  to  Atlanta,  where  the 
effects  of  his  wound  again  rendering  him 
unable  longer  to  serve,  he  resigned,  came 
home,  and  not  being  able  to  resume  the 
practice  of  law,  the  Council  appointed  him 
City  Clerk,  in  1866,  which  office  he  cred- 
itably held  for  ten  years ;  in  1876  he  re- 
tired to  his  farm,  where  he  seems  to  enjoy 
health,  comfort  and  ease ;  his  farm  of  157 
acres,  valued  at  $7,850,  is  managed  by  E. 
B.  Phelps ;  Republican ;  Congregationalist. 

Meinger  A.  farmer ;  Sec.  18 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Meinger  J.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  Durand. 

Meinger  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.O.  Davis. 

Messinger  J.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  29. 

Messinger  P.  farmer  and  carijenter ;  Sec.  29 ; 
P.  O.  Davis. 

Monteith  J.  D.  S.  carpenter  and  joiner;  Du- 
rand. 

More  Andrew  H.  tinner ;  Durand. 

Morey  Abijah,  grocer;  Durand. 

MOBRIIS  liEWIS  J.  Farmer;  Du- 
rand ;  born  in  this  town,  May  4,  1843 ;  his 
father  was  a  native  of  Peun. ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1841,  and  died  here  in  1857;  Mr.  M. 
married  Miss  Emeline  E.,  daughter  of 
Elijah  Felts,  in  Nov.,  1867 ;  has  one  daugh- 
ter, Arvilla  Matilda,  aged  8  years ;  he  has 
never  been  40  miles  away  from  his  birth- 
place ;  is  Tax  Collector  and  Justice  of  the 
Peace ;  owns  10  acres,  valued  at  $500 ;  Re- 
publican; Independent  in  religion. 

Myott  H.  J.  farm ;  Sec.  34 ;  P.  O.  Pecatonica. 

Myott  Sol.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Durand. 

NORMINGTOX  WM.  Farmer; 
Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  Essex 
Co.,  Mass.,  Sept.  21,  1829;  he  lived  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  12  years ;  came  to  this  Co. 
1848;  after3  years  returned  to  Conn.;  came 
back  in  1853,  and  married  Miss  Ann  A. 
Archer,  of  Harrison  Tp.,  March  31 ;  owns 
107  acres,  valued  at  $5,000 ;  Independent 
in  politics  and  religion ;  had  ten  children, 
eight  are  living;  Clara  L.,  Violetta  F., 
Ai-cher  E.,  John,  Ai-abella,  Eva,  Flavilla 


bURAND   TOWNSHiP. 


615 


and  Star ;  aged  as  follows :  23,  18,  IG,  14, 
11.  9,  5,  and  3  years;  Clara  L.  is  now  a 
student  at  the  Woman's  Medical  College, 
Chicago. 

5fORTOX  DAX.  D.  Owner  and  Pro- 
prietor of  Norton  House ;  Durand ;  born 
in  Canada  West,  Dec.  15,  18-43;  came  to 
this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1857;  followed 
farming  and  stocli  dealing  until  he  pur- 
chased the  hotel,  which  he  is  malcing  a 
success;  he  is  single;  the  domestic  afiairs 
of  tlie  house  are  presided  over  by  his  sis- 
ter. Miss  Jane  Norton,  to  whose  efficiency 
and  close  attention  in  the  culinary  and 
other  departments,  the  establishment  owes 
mucli  of  the  excellent  reputation  it  bears, 
while  "Dan"  is  deemed  a  cheertul,  cour- 
teous and  accommodating  landlord ;  Dem- 
ocrat; Independent;  owns  real  estate,  val- 
ued at  17,000. 

KORTOX  OSCAR,  Grocer;  Durand; 
born  in  Oswego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  4,  1837; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1861 ;  married  Julj-  13, 
1863,  to  Miss  Jane  A.,  daughter  of  D.  S. 
Richards,  of  this  Co.;  has  six  children, 
Charlie  A.,  James  O.,  Wm.  B.,  Lottie  L., 
Morton  and  Lawlence  E.,  aged  in  order, 
14,  13,  10,  6,  4,  and  2  years;  Republican; 
Independent;  owns  residence,  store  and  24 
town  lots,  valued  a.  $3,000 ;  keeps  a  well 
assorted  stock  of  groceries,  jewelry  and 
notions;  Mrs.  N.  caiTies  on  and  does  a  fair 
business  in  fashionable  Millinery. 

OAKLEY  LUKE,  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O. 
Durand. 
Orth  Philip,  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.  Davis. 
OrvisT.  Durand. 

"DARKER  ELMON,  Durand. 

Parker  John,  Durand. 
Parker  S.  J.  Durand. 

PARTCH  ORVIIil^JE  H.  Grocer; 
Durand;  born  in  Addison  Co.,  Vt ,  July 
14,1833;  came  to  this  State  in  1846;  to 
this  town  in  1858;  enlisted  in  55th  I.  V.  I., 
Co.  C,  Sept.  9,  1861 ;  was  twice  wounded, 
in  battle  of  Shiloh ;  being  disabled  and  un- 
fit for  service,  was  discharged  in  August, 
1863 ;  draws  a  pension ;  married,  in  May, 
1869,  Miss  Georgiana  Vermilyea;  has  no 
children ;  owns  40  acres  laud,  store  build- 
ing and  lot,  valued  at  $3,000 ;  Republican ; 
Independent;  his  brother,  Geo.  S.,  is  his 
partner  in  the  grocery  and  produce  busi- 
ness. 

PATTERSON  AIiMO:Sf,  Physician 
and  Surgeon;  Durand;  born  in  Ellisburg, 
Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  7,  1830;  moved 
with  parents  to  Cuyahoga  Co.,  Ohio,  and 
lived  eight  years  at  Berea ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1839 ;  he  and  his  father  walked  the 
whole  distance  from  Berea  Co.,  O.,  to  Har- 
rison Tp.,  each  carrying  a  knapsack,  and 
paying  their  last  sixpence  to  the  ferryman 
for  crossing  the  Pecatonica  river  where  the 


Trask  bridge  now  is ;  he  went  to  work  for 
$15  per  month,  stipulating  that  he  should 
receive  enough  in  money  to  pay  his  letter 
postage;  worked  at  rail-making,  rafting 
and  otber  heavy  labor  till  1847;  saved  a 
little,  bought  .some  books,  borrowed 
others;  was  a  close  reader,  hungry  for  in- 
formation ;  entered  on  the  study  of  medi- 
cine, under  the  late  Doctor  W.  II.  Cran- 
dall,  and  for  two  years  made  his  home  in 
the  doctor's  study,  except  when  attending 
lectures  at  Rush  Medical  College,  Chi- 
cago; money  and  credit  being  exhausted, 
and  Dr.  Craudall  being  absent  in  the  East, 
he  began  to  practice  as  physician;  earned 
the  first  year  $1,500,  $36  of  which  he  re- 
ceived in  money,  the  rest  in  provisions, 
which  to  him  in  those  da^'s  were  accepta- 
ble, having  been  married,  Jan.  2,  1848,  to 
Miss  Ruth  A.  Farnham,  who  was  born  in 
Oswego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  2,  1833;  he  has 
practiced  here  30y  ears,  made  a  reasonable 
competency;  has  two  sons,  Wilson  A.  and 
Watson  G. ;  owns  a  good  residence  and 
17  town  lots,  and  his  sons  own  250  acres, 
the  whole  valued  at  $15,000;  he  is  Inde- 
pendent in  politics  and  religion. 

PATTERSON  WILSON    A.  Son 

of  Dr.  Alman  Patterson;  Farmer;  Sec. 
15;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  this  town,  Oct. 
8,1848;  married,  Nov.  22,  1871,  by  Rev. 
Jas.  Hodges,  the  oldest  minister  of  the 
Congregational  Church  now  living  in  this 
Co.,  to  Miss  Phoebe  E.,  daughter  of  John 
and  Phoebe  Van  Sickle,  of  this  place ;  she 
was  born  in  Sussex  Co.,  N.  J.,  May  26, 
1851 ;  they  have  one  daughter,  Mattie 
May,  born  June  7,  1875 ;  owns  130  acres 
lancl,  valued  at  $6,500;  is  Independent  in 
religion  and  politics;  Mrs.  P.  is  a  Metho- 
dist. 

Pettingill  G.  H.  farm ;  Sec.  22 ;  P.O.  Durand. 

Pettingall  J.  F.  farm ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Pettingill  Warren,  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Petitt  H.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  24 ;  P.  O.  Durand . 

Place  David ;  Sec.  7. 

Place  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  7. 

Place  J.  R.  farmer;  Sec.  13 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Place  Marsden,  Sec.  7. 

Prindle  H.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Durand. 

RANEY  A.  D.    farmer;   Sec.  23;    P.O. 
Durand. 
Randall  Henry, horse  dealer;  Durand. 
Reed  G.  M.  rents  farm ;  S.  25 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Richie  Elmon. 
Richie  James. 
Richie  John. 
Rieggle  Jonas. 

Rieggle  Thos.  W.  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Davis. 
Rickman  G.  laborer;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Robb  Perry,  laborer;  Durand. 
Robb  Wm.  laborer;  Durand. 


616 


WDTNEBAGO   COTJNTT   DIEEOTOEYt 


Robinson  O.  F.  Durand. 

Roloson  H.  J. 

Roxted  Miles. 

Russell  Morton,  lumber  dealer ;  Durand. 

OACKETT  ISAAC,  laborer;  Durand. 

Sarver  A.  rents  farm;  Sec.  14;  P.  0.  Durand. 
Sarver  Raymer,  farm;  Sec.  34;  P.O. Durand. 
Sarver  Martin,  merchant ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Sarver  Nathan,  lives  with  mother;  Sec.  15; 

P.  O.  Durand. 
Sarver  Wm.  laborer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Dui-and. 
Scales  D.  H.  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Schoolcraft  Jas.  farm;  Sec.  27;  P.O. Durand. 
Selzer  N.  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Davis. 

!$HIELD!i$  JO!l$£FH  W.  Farmer; 
Sec.  14;  P.O.  Durand;  born  in  Canada, 
March  6,  1846;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1852; 
renter ;  Republican ;  Seventh  Day  Advent- 
ist;  married,  Nov.  13,  1875,  Miss  Ada  M. 
Staples,  born  in  Elkhorn,  Wis.,  April  25, 
1858;  has  one  daughter,  Ethel  B.,  born 
Nov.  21,  1876;  he  enlisted  in  142d  I.  V.  I., 
Co.  F.,  May  1,  1865;  did  garrison  duty  at 
Memphis,  and  was  mustered  out  at  Chi- 
cago, Oct.  5,  1865. 

Smith  Jacob,  farm ;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Smith  Jobe,  farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Smj'the  Calvin,  joiner  and  carpenter;  Sec. 
28;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Stabeck  Clement,  farm;  S.  17;  P.O.  Durand. 

Stabeck  Thurston,  farm;  S.^17;  P.O.Durand. 

Stalker  Aug.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Stalker  Wm.  laborer;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Staples  D.  B.  laborer ;  Durand. 

Starr  C.  H.  druggist;  Durand. 

Stevens  E.  C.  Express  &  R.  R.Ag't;  Durand. 

Steves  John,  miller;  Durand. 

Stewart  C.  R.  farmer;  Sec.  11;  P.O.  Durand. 

Stewart  D.  J.  farmer;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

SWJEXXIXGSON    MOGEXS, 

Farmer  and  House  Carpenter;  Sec.  9;  P. 
O.  Durand;  born  in  Norway,  Jan.  23, 
1821;  came  to  this  Co.  in  J846;  owns  80 
acres,  valued  at  $4,000;  Republican; 
Lutheran;  married,  April  13,  1849,  Miss 
Marikan  Aslakson ;  had  six  children,  five 
of  whom  are  living,  Swenning,  Halvor, 
Olaves,  Karine  Annette,  Anne  Tomine, 
Aslak;  Swenning  is  married  and  lives  in 
Mower  Co.,  Minn. ;  in  1875,  Mr.  S.  paid  a 
visit  to  his  mother,  two  brothers,  two  sis- 
ters, and  other  relatives,  in  his  native 
land,  where  he  met  with  that  heartfelt 
welcome  aud  joyful  greeting  known  only 
to  those  near  and  dear  relatives  who  have 
been  29  years  separated  by  thousands  of 
miles  of  boisterous  ocean  from  a  loved 
and  long  remembered  son  and  brother. 

ERRY  THOMAS,  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.O. 
Durand. 


T 


Thayer  Sam'l,  farmer:  Sec.  14;  P.O.Durand. 
Thompson  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  30 ;  P.O.Davis. 
Thore  Nere,  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Thorne  G.  J.  wagon-maker ;  Durand. 

TOMBS  JOSEPH,  Merchant;  Du- 
rand ;  born  in  Co.  Antrim,  Ireland,  April 
6,  1827;  came  to  U.  S.  in  1835;  lived  in 
Deerfield,  Mass.,  until  1848,  when  he  came 
to  this  Co.,  and  lived  most  of  the  time, 
until  1859,  in  Laoua,  where  he  served  as 
Justice  of  the  Peace ;  tlien  settled  perma- 
nently in  this  town  and  was  elected  to  the 
same  office  in  1861,  which  office  he  held 
continuously  until  1873;  also  served  on 
the  Board  of  Highway  Commissioners  12 
years;  is  Notary  Public;  married,  in  1855, 
at  the.  age  of  28  yeai's.  Miss  Emily  H., 
daughter  of  Wm.  Randall,  Esq.,  of  Laona ; 
have  three  children:  Frank  W.,  Ralph  H. 
and  Helen  H. ;  owns  real  estate  worth 
112,000;  Republican;  Independent. 

TRUE  JAMES  R.  General  Black- 
smith ;  Durand ;  born  in  Lexington,  Ky., 
June  24,  1820  ;■  his  parents  came  to  this 
State  in  1824;  moved  to  Mo.  in  1827; 
father  died  there  in  1829;  mother  and 
famil}^  returned  to  this  State;  she  died  at 
Springfield  in  1835 ;  he  learned  trade  there, 
served  6  years ;  worked  in  Quincy,  Galena, 
Milwaukee  and  Chicago ;  started  business 
at  Wheeling,  111. ;  tried  it  6  months ;  moved 
to  Rockford  in  1847 ;  came  to  this  town  in 
1848;  carries  on  general  blacksmithing 
and  wagon-making ;  said  to  excel  in  horse- 
shoeing ;  owns  residence,  shop  and  5  town 
lots,  value  $1,500;  Independent  in  politics 
and  religion ;  was  married  at  Chicago  to 
Miss  Abigail,  daughter  of  John  andPattie 
Underbill,  in  1845 ;  she  was  a  native  of 
Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  her  father  of 
Bristol,  Eng. ;  she  carries  on  Millinery 
and  Fancy  Goods  business;  keeps  Hosiery, 
Zephyrs,  Notions,  etc. ;  gives  special  atten- 
tion to  bleaching,  altering  and  repairing; 
have  no  children;  adopted  her  niece.  Miss 
Frances  J.  Smith,  and  employs  other  young 
lady  assistants. 

Truesdell  Henry  A.  traveling  photographist; 
Durand. 

VAX  SICKI.E  JOHX  €.  Farmer 
aud  breeder  of  pure  blood  "Poland  China 
Pigs;"  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in 
Sussex  Co.,  N.  J.,  May  26,  1851 ;  his  pa- 
rents came  to  this  Co.  in  1856;  Independ- 
ent; Methodist;  owns  150  acres,  valued  at 
$9,000;  married  Dec.  16,  1869,  Miss  Maria 
L.,  daughter  of  Nelson  and  Lucy  M.  Judd ; 
have  one  daughter,  Phrebe  M.,  born  June 
19,  1871 ;  their  youngest  child,  Mertie  L., 
died  Feb.6, 1876,aged  2  months  and  15  days. 

VA5f  TASSEL.  ASEIi  E.  Under- 
taker and  Furniture  Dealer;  Durand; 
keeps  on  hand  a  full  line  of  household 
furniture,  parlor  and  chamber  sets,  picture 
frames,  looking  glasses,  etc.,  which  he 
sells  at  low  prices ;  born  in  Manlius,  Onon- 


bURAND   TOWNSHIP. 


617 


daga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  4,  1826;  came  to  this 
town  in  1858;  was  married  Nov.  13,  1856, 
to  Charlotte  M.,  daughter  of  Eli.shaEly,  of 
Madison  Co.,  N.  Y.,  have  had  three  clul- 
dren:  Charlotte  (dead);  Amos  H.,  born 
Jau.  6,  1863,  and  Frederick  E.,  Jan.  30, 
1869,  are  living;  owns  his  residence,  15 
town  lots  and  store,  valued  at  $3,000;  re- 
pairs aud  makes  furniture  to  order;  Re- 
publican; Presbyterian. 

Van  Valkeuborg  Henry,  laborer;  Duraud. 

Van  Valzah  S.  B.  physician ;  Durand. 

Vincent  Frank  E.  jeweler;  Durand. 

Vinton  Henry,  teamster;  Durand. 

VI5fTOX  OlilVER  H.  Town  Con- 
stable ;  Duraud ;  born  in  Onandaga  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  July  8,  1833;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
married,  Sept.  2,  1858,  Miss  Maria  E. 
Hodge ;  she  was  born  in  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y., 
April  '?4,  1838 ;  have  six  children :  Ida  E., 
Charles  E.,  Eleanor  W.,  Mary  E.,  Herbert 
J.  and  Ralph  E.,  aged  respectively,  18,  16, 
14,  13,  7  and  3  years ;  he  is  serving  his 
fifth  year  as  Constable ;  owns  9  acres  in 
Howard's  addition  to  Durand,  valued  at 
$700;  Republican;  Independent. 


w 


ADE    ORASTUS  H.   harness-maker; 
Durand. 

Wagoner  John,  laborer ;  Durand. 
Wagoner  M.  shoemaker;  Durand. 
Walker  Geo.  traveling  agent;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Wallace  Henry,  farm;  Sec.  12;  P.O.Durand. 
Wallace  John,  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.O.Durand. 
Warner  James,  retii'ed  farmer ;  Durand. 

WEBJ^TER  MIXOK  P.  Farmer; 
Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  in  McComb 
Co.,  Mich.,  in  1835 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1851 ;  Republican;  Independent;  owns  115 
acres,  valued  at  $5,750;  married,  Sept.  26, 
1858,  Miss  Susan  M.,  daughter  of  Michael 
and  Mary  BoUman,  of  Lebanon  Co.,  Pa. ; 
has  three  children :  Fletcher  E.,  born 
April  33,  1861;  Edith  A.,  July  16,  1866 
and  Mauii,  Feb.  18,  1873;  their  first  born 
Elmore  M.,  died  Feb.  3,  1860,  aged  7  mo 
and  15  days. 

Webster  P.  B.  farm ;  Sec.  10 ;  P.  O.  Duraud. 

Webster  P.  M.  farm;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Duraud. 

WEISS  REUBEX,  Farmer;  Sec.  lO; 
P.  O.  Davis ;  boru  in  Northampton  Co., 
Pa.,  Aug.  31,  1831 ;  came  to  this  Co.,  with 
parents,  in  1853;  located  and  lived  13 
years  on  Sec.  39 ;  bought  his  present  farm 
in  1865 ;   married,  in  1853,  Miss  Matilda 


Fink,  of  Stevenson  Co. ,  she  died  Sept.  26. 
1865;  July  5,  1866,  married  Mrs.  Jose- 
phine, relict  of  I.  I.  Epley,  and  daughter 
of  Jacob  and  Anna  M.  Becker,  of  Steven- 
son Co.;  issue  of  first  marriage,  five  chil- 
dren; four  are  living:  Urius  F.,  born  Feb. 
25,1856;  Zeno,  May  15,1858;  Mary  E., 
July  9,  1860;  Sophia,  June  36,  1862;  and 
Franklin,  Sept.  29,  1864  (deed) ;  of  present 
marriage :  Ida  N.  (deed) ;  Frank,  born  Oct. 
11,  1808;  Emma  A.,  Oct.  10,  1869;  and 
Lena  L.,  Nov.  15,  1870;  his  mother,  Mary, 
is  in  her  87th  year,  aud  lives  with  him; 
she  is  a  devoted  member  of  Evangelical 
Church ;  his  father,  Solomon,  dietl  Nov.  3, 
1865;  owns  350  acres,  valued  at  $15,000; 
Republican;  Evangelical;  was  several 
years  Path  Master;  is  School  Director. 

Wescott  Dan.  laborer;  S.  33;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Wheeler  Franklin  E.  farm  laborer;  Durand. 

WIRE  LAWREXCE,  Farmer;  Sec. 
19;  P.  O.  Davis;  born  in  Hesse-Darm- 
stadt, Ger.,  Aug.  10,  1833 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1855;  married,  Sept.  10,  1856,  Miss 
Mary  A.,  daughter  of  Wm.  and  Eve  Peth, 
of  Stevenson  Co. ;  she  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  Sept.  13,  1840 ;  has  one  daughter, 
Mary  J.,  born  Jan.  3,  1858;  owns  133 
acres  land,  valued  at  $11,000;  Republican; 
Independent. 

Winchester  A.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  11 ;  P.O.  Du- 
rand. 
Wise  Thos.  former;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Davis. 
Wood  Emery,  blacksmith;  Durand. 
Wood  G.  J.  blacksmith;  Durand. 

YOKE  FRAlfK  A.  Saddler  and 
Harness  Maker;  Durand;  born  in 
Prussia,  Feb.  14,  1845 ;  came  to  this  State 
and  located  in  Peru  in  1851 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1868;  married,  Oct.  20,  1870,  Miss 
Mary,  daughter  of  Michael  Branuan,  of 
this  township;  her  parents  emigrated  from 
Ireland  in  1843,  and  had  only  two  chil- 
dren ;  the  oldest,  Thomas,  served  in  the 
12th  III.  Cav.,  and  was  drowned  at  sea, 
with  many  other  soldiers,  in  1865,  while 
sailing  on  the  ship  North  America  from 
New  Orleans  to  New  York;  Mr.  Y.  has 
four  children:  Mar}'^  S.,  born  Sept.  17, 
1871 ;  Emma  E.,  Jan.31,  1873  ;  Francis  A., 
May  24,  1874;  and  Thomas  M.,  May  4, 
1876;  owns  80  acres  on  Sec.  23,  residence, 
shop,  store,  and  two  town  lots,  valued  at 
$6,500;  Democrat;  Catholic;  said  to  be  an 
excellent  workman ;  makes  a  specialty  of 
fine  harness,  fair  in  his  dealings,  warrants 
his  work,  and  does  a  good  business. 


«18 


WINNEBAGO   OOHNTY   DIEEOTOBT: 


ROSCOE  TOWNSHIP. 


A  DAMS  H.  C.  painter. 

ABBOTT  A.  S.  Merchant;  Roscoe; 
born  in  Albany  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  18,  1819 ; 
cames  to  this  Co.  in  1845 ;  owns  property 
to  the  value  of  $10,000;  married  Miss 
Phoebe  HowlaucI,  in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp., 
April  19,  1854 ;  she  was  born  in  Buffalo 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  24,  1833. 

Allen  E.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Allen  S.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Atwood  B.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Atwood  J.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Atwood  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Aylworth  R.  retired  farmer ;  Roscoe. 

BALDWIN  E.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O. 
Roscoe. 
Baldwin  G.  H.  farmer ;  Sec.25 ;  P.O.  Roscoe. 
Baldwin  T.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Bauer  H.  A.  farmer;  Sec.l2;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 
Baxter  Timothy. 
Billings  Thos.  laborer. 
Blackington  Geo.  farmer ;  Sec.  35. 
Blackington  H.  H.  farm ;  Sec.36 ;  P.O.Roscoe. 
Blackington  James,  retired ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Blackington  J.  F.  farmer;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Blackington  Jesse,  retired;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Blackington  M.  R.  farm ;  S.  35 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Blackington  Wm.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Rosoce. 
Blackington  Wm.  farmer ;  Sec.  35. 
Blair  S.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Blake  D.  C. 
Borth  A.  farmer. 
Bowns  Joseph,  laborer;  Roscoe. 
Bradley  Edwin,  retired  farmer. 

BRADLEY  J.  A.  Druggist;  Roscoe; 
born  in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp.,  April  33, 
18-15,  owns  property  to  the  value  of 
$4,000 ;  married  Miss  M.  E.  Smith,  in  this 
Co.,  Roscoe  Tp.,  in  April,  1870;  have  four 
children,  Clara  S.,  Louis  Bristol,  Helen 
Mabel,  Maria. 

Bradley  L.  B.,  M.  D. ;  Roscoe. 

BBADL.EY  W.  H.  Merchant;  Roscoe 
born  in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp.,  in  1850 
owns  property  to  the  value  of  $4,000 
married  Miss  C.  M.  Shaw,  in  this  Co.,  Oct, 
3,  1876;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1857; 
have  one  child,  Frank. 

Briggs  D.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

BRIGGS  KOBAH,  Farmer;  Sec.  8; 
P.  O.  Roscoe ;  born  in  Montgomery  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  8,  1815;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1842;  owns  98  acres  land;  married  Miss 


T.  A.  Bonfey,  in  N.  Y.,  in  1840 ;  she  was 

born  in  N.  Y.,  Oct.  13,  1815. 
Brown  Fred  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Brown  J.  W.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Brown  L.  farmer ;  Sec.  28 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Buchanan  T.  P.  farm;  S.20;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 
Budd  M.   D.  blacksmithing  and   jobbing, 

Roscoe. 
Budd    Wm.   wagon    and  carriage  maker; 

Roscoe. 
Burden  John,  laborer ;  Roscoe. 
Burtin  W.  G.  farm;  Sec.lO;  P.O.  Beloit,Wi3. 

/^ADY  D.  C.  farmer. 

Carey  Howard,  barber. 
Carpenter  J.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Carpenter  N.  farmer ;  Sec.  28 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Carroll  J.  renter ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Beloit. 
Chenney  J.  renter;  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Beloit. 
Coffin  S.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Colier  Alexander. 

COIiE   E.  D.  Farmer;    Sec.  35;    P.  O. 

Roscoe ;  born  in  Steuben  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug. 

7,  1827 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846 ;  owns 

140  acres  land;    is  Notary  Public    and 

Commissioner  Highways. 
Cornelius  Geo.  laborer;  Roscoe. 
Cox  Chas.  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 
Cox  Richard,  farm;  S.  12;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 
Cox  Russell,  farm ;  Sec.  13 ;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 
Crosby  Lorain,  laborer;  Roscoe. 

CROSS  liEYI^IS,  Farmer;  Sec.  29;  P. 
O.  Roscoe;  born  in  this  Co.,  Oct.  31, 1851 ; 
owns  16G  acres  laud ;  married  Miss  Lydia 
Boon,  in  this  Co.,  town  of  Roscoe,  March 
19,  1873;  she  was  born  in  Elgin,  this  State, 
July  37,  1855. 

CROSS  HON.  ROBERT  J.  (De- 
ceased),  whose  portrait  appears  in  this 
work,  was  born  in  Newburtr,  Orange  Co., 
N.  Y.,  on  the  first  day  of  "October,  1803, 
and  during  his  years  of  minority  resided 
mostly  in  Bethel,  Sullivan  Co.,  of  that 
State. 

When  about  33  years  of  age,  he,  with  a 
younger  brother,  decided  to  emigrate  to 
the  then  far  West,  and  going  to  Detroit, 
purchased  a  farm  in  Tecumseh,  Lenawe 
Co.,  Mich.,  where  he  remained  until  1830. 
He  and  his  brother  then  sold  out  and  re- 
moved to  Coldwater,  Mich.,  where  they 
remained  until  June,  1835,  when  he  came 
to  his  present  residence  in  Winnebago  Co., 
Illinois,  where  he  continually  resided  un- 
til his  death.  The  next  year  he  married 
Miss  Hannah  Benedict,  of  Monroe  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  who  still  survives  him.    At  the  time 


ROSOOE   TOWNSHIP. 


619 


Mr.  Cross  came  to  Roscoe,  no  land  was  in 
market  and  he  was  forced  to  purchase  a 
squatter's  right  to  his  present  t'ariii,  and  as 
some  of  tlie  hind  in  Wisconsin  was  subject 
to  entry  in  tlie  Green  Bay  laud  district,  he 
selected  some  along  the  Rock  river  from 
Janesville  to  Beloit,  and  on  foot  and  alone 
he  made  his  way  to  Green  Bay,  through 
an  unbroken  wilderness,  and  bought  his 
land  in  Wisconsin.  From  thence  via  the 
lakes  he  returned  to  Detroit  and  Cold- 
water,  and  in  the  fall  of  that  year  became 
the  occupant  of  the  present  homestead. 
Mr.  Cross  was  essentially  a  pioneer — a 
man  of  strong  frame  of  bodj^  of  unyield- 
mg  tenacity  for  the  right;  even  in  boy- 
hood the  champion  of  the  feeble,  or  those 
he  deemed  oppressed. 

He  was  a  stalwart  oak,  on  whom  could 
ever  lean  the  feeble  and  the  frail — as  Min- 
ister  E.  B.  Washburne  declared,  a  "Noble 
Old  Roman."  A  farmer  all  his  life,  and 
yet  a  firm,  reliable  business  man,  as  a  life 
constantly  occupied  in  public  affairs 
proved  him  to  be.  Yet  he  was  ever  as 
tender  in  heart  as  a  little  child,  and  his 
sympathy  was  even  larger  than  his  frame, 
or  his  purse ;  and  truly  was  it  said  of  him, 
"those  who  knew  him  best,  loved  him 
most." 

During  his  residence  of  36  years  in  this 
County,  Mr.  Cross  was  closely  and  inti- 
matelj^  identified  with  its  development, 
politically,  socially  and  materially,  never 
being  backward  in  anything  that  would 
aid  in  its  moral  or  religious  advancement. 
A  warm  friend  of  education,  he  always 
lent  a  willing  hand  to  aid  in  building 
school  houses  and  establishing  schools. 

Mr.  Cross  assisted  at  the  organization  of 
the  county,  being  a  member  of  the  elec- 
tion board  for  the  first  election  ever  held 
in  it,  August,  1836.  He  was  elected  by 
the  County  Commissioners  in  1836,  at  their 
first  meeting,  County  Treasurer,  which 
position  he  held  for  three  years,  in  1846, 
he  was  elected  by  the  Whigs  as  a  Repre- 
sentative to  the  General  Assembly  for  this 
county,  and  in  1847,  hy  them  as  the  col- 
league of  Hon.  Selden  M.  Church,  a  dele- 
gate to  revise  the  Constitution  of  the 
State.  In  1863,  he  was  an  independent 
candidate  for  the  position  of  delegate  to 
the  Convention  to  again  revise  the  Consti- 
tution, but  was  defeated  by  a  small  plu- 
rality. In  1869  he  was  unanimously  nom- 
inated by  the  Republicans  for  member  of 
the  Convention  that  formed  our  present 
constitution,  and  was  elected  without 
opiiosition.  Later  he  was  nominated  by 
the  Republicans  and  elected  one  of  the 
three  members  from  Winnebago  and 
Boone  Counties  to  the  General  Assembly. 
In  all  these  legislative  bodies  he  has  borne 
an  honorable  and  conspicuous  part. 

In  addition  to  this,  Mr.  Cross  was 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  sev- 
eral years,  occupying  that  position  at  the 
time  of  his  death. 


He  was  also  township  School  Fund 
Trustee  for  over  thirty  consecutive  years, 
during  which  time  the  township  never 
suflered  loss  from  the  funds  being  loaned 
on  insufiicient  securities,  as  was  the  case 
in  most  townships. 

He  had  five  children,  John,  Margaret 
Louisa,  William  Henry,  Marie  Antoinette 
(deceased),  and  Lewis.  The  estimation  in 
which  he  was  held  was  manifest  by  dele- 
gations of  the  early  settlers  of  the  county, 
members  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  and 
from  the  State  Legislature,  in  attendance 
at  his  funeral. 

Curtiss  Harry  B.  machinist ;  Roscoe. 
Curtiss  John,  physician ;  Roscoe. 
Curtiss  Wilbur  A.,  Roscoe. 
Cushman  A.  laborer;   Sec.  14;   P.  O.  Beloit, 
Wis. 


D 


AVIDSOjST  JOHN, shoemaker;  Roscoe. 


DegraflF  A.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

DEGROFF  FHIIiEMOX,  Farmer; 
Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  N.  Y.  in 
1811;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1842;  owns  37 
acres  land;  married  Miss  M.  Westrup,  in 
this  Co.,  Dec.  25,  1873;  she  was  born  in 
N.Y. 

Dodge  A.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Dodge  Aimeron,  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Dodge  L.  B.  farmer ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Dunning  A.  C.  farm ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

ELLIS  G.  H.,  2d,  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.O. 
Beloit,  Wis. 
Ellis  J.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 
Ellis  P.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

F ARRANT  R.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.  O. 
Beloit,  Wis. 

Fassett  L.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Fillingham  E.J.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.O.Be- 
loit, Wis. 

Fillingham  Chas.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.O.Be- 
loit, Wis. 

Fillingham  I.  farm;  Sec.  9;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

Fitch  A.  D.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Fitch  W.  P.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Fox  C.  D.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Fox  C.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Fyler  L.  S.  peddler;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

/'^ALEN  JAS.  laborer;  Roscoe. 

Galen  Lawrence,  laborer;  Roscoe. 

Garlick  Byron,  singing  school  teacher. 

Garlick  G.  C. 

Garrett  G.  W.  farmer. 

Glover  B.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Goodwin  H.  farm;  Sec.  14;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Grant  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 


620 


WmNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


Grant  J.  H.  farmer ;  Sec.  36 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

GRAVES  A.  Farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.O. 
Beloit,  Wis.;  born  in  N.  Y.,  Oct.  23, 1811 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1837;  owns  240 
acres  land;  married  Miss  MaryE.  Roberts, 
in  Ohio,  April  3,  1832;  she  was  born  in 
Vermont  in  1811. 

Graves  B.  F.,  Beloit,  Wis. 

Graves  G.  W.  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Graves  Homer,  farmer;  P.  0.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Graves  Horace,  farmer. 

Graves  Orlando,  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Graves  Orrin,  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Graves  R.  W.  farm ;  Sec.  10 ;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

Graves  R.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Graves  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Griffith  Serene,  retired  farmer;  Roscoe. 

GRISWOLD  FRAIfCIS,  Farmer; 
Sec.21 ;  P.O. Roscoe ;  born  in  Ontario  Co.,]S[. 
Y.,  June  17, 1825 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854 ; 
owns  84  acres  land;  married  Miss  Cynthia 
Emeline  Warner,  in  Lake  Co.,  O. ;  she  was 
born  in  Madison,  O.,  Dec.  2,  1827 ;  have 
seven  children:  Amie  Eliza,  Harriet,  War- 
ren, Ida,  Anna,  Melissa,  Charles. 

ARDY  HARRIS,  renter ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 


H 


Harley  Frederick,  cabinet  maker ;  Roscoe. 

HARWOOD  B.  F.  Retired  Farmer; 
Roscoe;  born  m  Herkimer  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Jan.  3,  1813;  came  to  this  Co.  in_1843; 
owns  100  acres  land ;  first  wife  was  Miss 
Melissa  Stone;  pi'esent  wife  was  Lydia 
Ostrander ;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  May 
1,  1815. 

Hayward  L.  G.  form;  S.3;  P.  O   Beloit,  Wis 

Hayward  M.  W.  farm;  8.3;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis 

Hemstreet  Jas.  farm;  S.  12;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis 

Hill  Marvin,  blacksmith  and  wagon  maker 
Roscoe. 

Hinkley  A.  B.  trav.  ag't;  S.  28;  P.O.  Roscoe 

HOBART  J.  C.  Farmer;  Sec.  28;  P 
O.  Roscoe;  born  in  Cortland  Co.,  N.  Y. 
March  13,  1826;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1867 
owns  75  acres  land;  married  Miss  CM 
Wadsworth,  in  Rock  Co.,  Wis.,  Dec.  12, 
1851 ;  she  was  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Nov.  14,  1825. 

Holland  Thos.  laborer ;  Roscoe. 

Holmes  C.  B.  farm;  Sec.l7;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

Hopkins  C.  H.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Hopkins  H.  D.  carpenter  and  joiner ;  Roscoe. 

Hopkins  J.  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

TRISH  JOSEPH,  tailor;  Roscoe. 

Irish  Wm.  miller ;  Roscoe. 
TEROME  C.  B.  laborer;  Roscoe. 

Jones  J.  B.,  M.  D.  physician ;  Roscoe. 


K 


L 


JO:SfE!S  JOHN  R.  Farmer;  Sec.  9; 
P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. ;  born  in.  city  ot  New 
York,  Aug.  3,  1850;  owns  property  to  the 
value  of  $1,600;  married  Miss  Fannie 
Myers,  in  Beloit,  Sept.  18,  1873 ;  she  was 
born  in  Penn.,  Dec.  11,  1854;  have  three 
children:  Ada  Frances,  born  Aug.  5, 1874; 
Nellie,  Jan.  29,  1875;  Mary  Rachel,  Jan. 
30,  1877. 

ENT  FRANCIS  SMITH,  farmer;  Sec. 
34;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

KEBfT  GEORGE  H.  S.  Farmer; 
Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  Erie  Co., 
Penn.,  April  7,  1821;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1844;  owns  260  acres  land;  has  held  va- 
rious town  ofKces;  married  Miss  Belinda 
V.Smith,  in  Rosci  e,  this  Co.,  Sept.  14, 
1853;  she  was  born  in  Penn.,  Feb.  2,  1830; 
have  four  children :  Francis  Smith,  born 
in  this  Co.,  July  17,  1854;  MaryE.,  in  this 
Co.,  Nov.  12,  1855;  William  Forest,  in 
this  Co.,  May  14,  1859;  Ernestine,  in  this 
Co.,  Sept.  6,  1862. 

Kent  N.  D.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

ATHROP  GEORGE  W.  school  teacher; 
Roscoe. 

IvATHROF  SAMIIEJL,  Proprietor 
of  the  Farmers  Hotel,  Roscoe,Ill. ;  born  in 
Rutland  Co.,  Vermont,  Feb.  28,  1815; 
went  from  there  to  St.  Thomas,  Canada; 
lived  there  three  years;  from  there  he  went 
to  Ohio,  where  he  married  Miss  Margaret 
Hays,  Jan.  13,  1846;  she  was  born  in 
Penn.,  Oct.  6,  1821 ;  they  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1840 ;  have  five  children :  Mary  A.  (now 
Mrs.  Cheent^y),  born  Dec.  1,  1847;  Esther 
Alice  (now  Mrs.  Van  Antwerp),  Aug.  29, 
1851;  George  W.,  Nov.  24,  1853;  Annie 
Luela,  Aug.  19,  1861;  Fred.  Delos,  June  5, 
1864.    ■ 

Lawrence  A.  D.  retired  merchant ;  Roscoe. 

Lee  E.  M.  farmer;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Lee  Geo.  farmer;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Linderman  J.  II.  farm ;  S.l ;  P.O.Beloit, Wis. 

Lloyd  Wm.  farm;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Llo}'d  Tlios.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

liOVE  JABEZ,  Farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O. 
Roscoe;  born  in  this  Co.,  in  township  of 
Harlem,  May  16,  1854;  owns  100  acres 
land ;  has  held  various  offices  in  County 
Grange. 

Love  John,  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Loscoe. 

EOVEJOY  X.  .1.  Farmer;  Sec.  4;  P. 
O.  Roscoe;  born  in  city  of  New  York, 
Aug.  1,  1818;  came  to  this  Co.  in  Feb., 
1837;  owns  51  acres  land;  married  Miss 
Louisa  Wood,  in  this  Co.,  Sept.  24,  1867; 
she  was  born  in  Hancock  Co.,  Maine,  July 
7,  1828. 

Lovesee  G.  G.  farmer;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Lovesee  G.  W.  farm ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

liOVESEE  JOHX,  Farmer;  Sec.  35; 
P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  England,  in  1815; 


KOSCOE   TOWNSHIP. 


621 


came  to  this  Co.  in  1835;  owns  130  acres 
land;  married  Miss Permelia  McCrady,  in 
this  Co.,  in  1840;  she  was  born  in  Canada, 
in  1831. 

Lovesee  L.  D.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Lovesee  Pliilo,  farmer ;  Sec.  29. 

Lovesee  R.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

liOVESEB  WJH.  Farmer;  Sec.  25; 
P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  Berkshire,  Eng., 
Aug.  8,  1818;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1836; 
owns  160  acres  land;  married  Miss  Harriet 
Blackington,  in  Beloit,  Wis.,  Aug.  27, 
1847 ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio,  June  29, 1828 ; 
have  seven  children.  Homer,  Harriet, 
William,  Emma,  Collins,  Ida,  Edith. 

Lovesee  W.  W.  farm;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Lundy  W.  N.  physician ;  Roscoe. 

LY^FORD  DUDI.EY.  Farmer;  Sec. 
5 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe ;  born  in  N.  H.,  Nov.  6, 
1835;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1842;  owns  680 
acres  land;  married  Miss  Harley,  in  Rock- 
ton,  this  Co. ;  she  was  born  in  S.  C. 

Lyford  J.  G.  farmer;  Sec.  5 ;   P.O.  Roscoe. 

cAFFEE  W.  D.  farmer ;   P.  O.  Roscoe. 


M 


McAFFEE  JAS.  Farmer;  Sees. 29 and 
32 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe ;  born  in  Bradford  Co.,  Pa., 
Aug.  18,  1827;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1839; 
owns  128  acres  land ;  enlisted  in  74th  L  V. 
I.,  as  Sergeant,  Aug.  11,  1862;  was  honor- 
ably discharged;  married  Miss  M.  L. 
Cross,  in  this'Co.,  Roscoe  Tp.,  March  22, 
1866;  she  was  born  in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp., 
April  21, 1839. 

aicAFFEE  j:SfO.  Farmer;  Sec.  28; 
P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  Northumberland 
Co.,  Penn.,  in  March,  1810;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1838;  owns  112  acres  land;  has 
held  office  of  Supervisor  two  years;  mar- 
ried Miss  Adeline  Alden,  in  Ogle  Co.,  this 
State,  in  1844;  she  was  born  in  Bradford 
Co.,  Penn. 

McCabe  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  27 ;  P.O.  Roscoe. 

McCabe  Jas.,  Jr.  farm ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.O.  Roscoe. 

McMakin  Peter,  rents  fiirm;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

McMaster  J.  farm;  Sec.  4;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

McMaster  J.  W.  farm;  S.4;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

McSwegin  D.  farm :  S.  22 ;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Manley  G.  F.farm ;  Sec.  24;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Marston  A.  farm;  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Marston  P.  farmer;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.Beloit,  Wis. 

Marston  S.  C.  farm;  Sec.  13;  P.O.Beloit,Wis. 

Mathews  E.  farm ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Mathews  I.  N.  farm ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.O.Beloit,Wis. 

Maynard  A.  M.  Towu  Collector;  Roscoe. 

Messenger  Austin,  shoemaker;  Roscoe. 

Miller  David. 

Moore  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Moore  Wm.  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Muchmore  G.  H.  renter;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 


NICHOLS  A.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O. 
Beloit,  Wis. 
Nicliols  D.  P.  farm;  S.  16;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 
,  Nichols  L.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 
Nichols  Phineas,  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Be- 
loit, Wis. 
Nichols  Phineas  T.  farmer;   Sec.  15;   P.  O. 

Beloit,  Wis. 
Nilsson  Isaac,  renter;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

"pALMER  N.  P.  wagon-maker ;  Roscoe. 

Parkins  Benj.  renter;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Pepin  Chas.  farmer;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Peter  John,  retired  farmer;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Pierce  D.  A.  peddler ;  Roscoe. 
Pitt  B.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 
Pitt  S.  R.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 
Prentiss  D.  G.,  P.  O.  Roscoe. 


R 


ANSOM  G.  P.,  M.  D. ;  Roscoe. 


Ransom  Wilmot  L.,  M.  D. ;  Roscoe. 

RAlBfDAl^L.  E.  H.  Dealer  in  Boots 
and  Shoes ;  Roscoe ;  born  in  N.  Y.  in  1851 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1871 ;  commenced  busi- 
ness here  in  Roscoe  in  1873 ;  owns  prop- 
erty to  the  value  of  $2,000;  has  held  office 
of  Town  Clerk  one  term. 

Reed  Frederick,  laborer ;  Roscoe. 

Reed  Jefierson,  laborer. 

Reeves  J.  H.  Methodist  Preacher;  Roscoe. 

Renschle  F.  C.  farm ;  S.17 ;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Renschle  F.  W.  farm;  S.17;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

RHODES^  J.  M.  Farmer;  Sec.  33; 
P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  this  Co.,  Roscoe 
Tp.,  Aug.  25.  1840;  owns  107  acres  land; 
has  been  Supervisor  three  terms;  Justice 
of  the  Peace  two  terms;  is  Supervisor 
and  Justice  of  the  Peace  at  present  writ- 
ing; married  Miss  Louisa  Love,  in  this 
Co.,  Aug.  25,  1864;  she  was  born  in  this 
Co.,  in  1843 ;  Mr.  Rhodes  enlisted  in  15th 
Regt.  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  B.,  May  24,  1861 ;  was 
in  battles  of  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Siege  of 
Vicksburg,  and  numerous  other  engage- 
ments. 

RICHARDSOX  F.  B.  Farmer;  Sec. 
22;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  was  born  in  tliis  Co., 
May  8,  1837;  owns  240  acres  land;  mar- 
ried Miss  Libbie  Gregory,  in  this  Co., 
Sept.  22,  1862;  she  was  born  in  Delaware 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  19,  1842. 

RICHARDSOX    L..     YT.    Inventor; 

Roscoe;  born  in  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Jan.  17,  1828;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
owns  property  to  the  v;due  of  $10,000;  is 
Inventor  of  the  Diamond  Plow,  manu- 
factured by  N.  C.  Thomson,  Rockford; 
married  Miss  Maria  L.  Jones,  in  Mass., 
Nov.  7,  1854;  she  was  born  in  Cheshire 
Co.,  N.  H.,  Oct.  26,  1834. 


622 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIEECTOKY: 


Richardson  W.  plow  manufacturer ;  Roscoe. 
Roberts  James,  miller;  Roscoe. 
Roberts  Wm.  miller;  Roscoe. 

O  AGE  H.  L.  harness  maker. 

ISCHEI.L.EXGER  H.  C.  Farmer; 
Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  Ohio, 
April  30,  1839 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1853 ; 
owns  77  acres  land ;  enlisted  in  74th  Regt. 
I.  V.  I.,  Oct.  8,  1863 ;  was  honorably  dis- 
charged in  1864;  married  Mary  Lovesee, 
in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp.,  Dec.  25,  1867 ;  she 
was  born  in  this  Co.,  June  28,  1841. 

Scott  Samuel,  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Schaffer  J.  J.  blacksmith ;  Roscoe. 

Shaw  Reuben,  laborer ;  Roscoe. 

Shaw  W.  H.  farmer ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Sherwood  C.  L.  farm;  S.IO;  P.O. Beloit,  Wis. 

Sherwood  C.  farmer;  S.  10;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

SMITH  C.  F.  Farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O. 
Roscoe;  born  in  Mich.,  May  30,  1845; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1861 ;  owns  property 
to  the  value  of  $1,000;  enlisted  in  74th 
Regt.  I.  V.  1.,  in  1862 ;  was  in  numerous 
engagements;  was  honorably  discharged 
in  June,  1865;  married  Miss  Smith,  in 
Roscoe,  this  Co.,  Nov.  25,  1867 ;  she  was 
born  in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp.,  Aug.  13, 1847. 

Smith  C.  L.  farm;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Smith  Henry,  laborer;  Roscoe. 

Smith  John  C.  renter ;  Roscoe. 

SMITH  S.  T.  Farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O. 
Rockton;  born  in  this  Co.,  Rockton  Tp., 
Feb.  2  >,  1851 ;  owns  property  to  the  value 
of  $1,500;  married  Miss  MaVy  Talcott,  in 
this  Co.,  Sept.  24,1875;  she  was  born  in 
this  Co.,  Sept.  24,  1852. 

Spawn  J.  A.  farmer;  Roscoe. 

Stevens  Richard,  stone  mason. 

STOCKWEIili  S  A  »f  F  O  R  D  J. 
Farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in 
Jefferson,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  20,  1840;  came  to 
this   Co.   in   1876;    owns  property  to  the 


value  of  $3,000;  served  three  years  in 
late  war;  was  in  battles  of  Bulls  Run, 
Petersburg,  and  numerous  other  engage- 
ments; was  honorably  discharged  in  1865; 
married  Lydia  J.  Cox,  in  Beloit,  Wis., 
Dec.  9,  1875 ;  she  was  born  in  England, 
March  18,  1841. 

Stover  Ben j .  miller ;  Roscoe. 

Sturtevant  D.  A.  merchant ;  Roscoe. 

Sturtevant  Frank,  clerk. 

TAFT  GEO.  M.  farmer;   Sec.   5;   P.   O. 
Roscoe. 
Taft  L.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Tiffany  L.  N.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.O.Rockton. 
Tuttle  G.  M.  farmer;  Sec.2;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

VARNEY    JOHN    E.    harness    maker; 
Roscoe. 
Vencent  Cornelius,  attorney  at  law ;  Roscoe. 


W 


ARNER  EUGENE,  laborer;  Roscoe. 


Watt  R.  shoemaker ;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O.  Roscoe. 

WELCH  A.  H.  Painter;  Roscoe;  born 
in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp.,  Feb.  13,  1850; 
married  Miss  Elizabeth  Spurlin,  in 
Grundy  Co.,  la..  May  10,  1875;  she  was 
born  in  Ohio. 

Welch  Chas.  painter ;  Roscoe. 

Welch  P.  M.  wagon  maker;  Roscoe. 

Westrip  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Whipple  T.  B.  blacksmith ;  Roscoe. 

Wickoff  J.  B.  blacksmith,  and  wagon  and 
carriage  manufacturer;  Roscoe. 

Wilmarth  John,  farmer. 

WILSOX  ER:SfEST  H.  Clerk; 
Roscoe;  Itorn  in  this  Co.,  Roscoe  Tp., 
Sept.  27,  1856;  is  Town  Clerk,  and  S(  cie- 
tary  of  Roscoe  Silver  Cornet  Band. 

Woolsey  J.  E.  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit. 

Wood  M.  J.  retired;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Wood  S.  O.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 


OWBN    TOWNSHIP. 


623 


OWEN  TOWNSHIP. 


ANDERSON  ABRAHAM,  laborer;  Sec. 
18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

AL.BRAXT  A.  Blacksmith;  Sec.  15; 
P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Canada,  Feb.  16, 
1841;  came  to  tliis  Co.  in  1872;  Republi- 
can; Methodist;  married  Sarah  Rosevear, 
of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1869;  Mrs.  Al- 
brant's  mother,  Mrs.  Martha  Rosevear,  re- 
sides with  them ;  she  was  born  in  Ontario 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1812;  have  two  children: 
Willie,  born  April  11,  1870;  Alta,  Jan.  1, 
1874. 

Armstrong  A.,  Jr.,  Sec.  10 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Armstrong  A.  R.  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Armstrong  J.  renter;  Sec. 3;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Aspland  G.  renter;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Atkinson  Charles,  Sec.  6 :  P.  O.  Harrison. 

ATKlJfJSOIlf  JOHX  M.  Superin- 
tendent  of  County  Poor  House  and  Farm ; 
Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Bur- 
ritt  Tp.,  in  this  Co.,  July  5,  1845;  Re- 
publican ;  Liberal ;  has  held  office  of  Town 
Collector  of  town  of  Burritt;  was  in  11th 
111.  Cav.,  Co.  L;  maiden  name  of  wife  was 
Minnie  A.  Douglas,  born  in  N.Y.  State; 
married  in  Feb.,  1868 ;  have  three  children : 
Ada,  Elva  and  Kittie  May. 

Atwood  John,  Sec.  13 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

AT  WOOD  FATTJEX,  Farmer;  farm 
and  residence  in  Sectional  District  of 
Harlem;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  New 
Hampshire,  in  January,  1805 ;  married 
Anna  Brooks,  Feb.  20,  1826;  she  was  born 
in  Canada  West,  March  20,  1808;  they 
came  to  Winnedago  County  in  Dec,  1839; 
moved  on  the  farm  where  they  now  reside 
in  1840;  Mr.  Atwood  owns  230  acres  of 
land;  they  have  fourteen  children,  all 
married  ;  their  names  are  as  follows :  Hen- 
ry B.,  Sally,  Eliza,  Lydia,  William,  Can- 
dace,  Anna,  Mary,  Joseph  B.,  Irena,  Pat- 
ten B.,  Harriet,  John  and  Philip;  ten  of 
these  are  now  living  in  this  Co. ;  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  A.  are  members  of  the  Baptist  cliurch. 

AKER  DAVID,  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.Rockford. 


B 


Baker  Wm.,  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Balis  Nelson. 

Barrett  Charles,  Sefc.  26;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Barnes  H.  renter;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Barnes  Wm.  renter;  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Barrett  C.  L.  renter;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Black  Chas.,  Jr.,  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Black  Charles,  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Black  John,  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Black  William,  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Blake  David,  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.O.Rockford. 


BLINS  JAMES^  Farmer;  Sec.  30;  P. 
O.  Rockford;  born  m  Troy,  N.  Y.,  Jan. 22, 
1822;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1860;  Republi- 
can ;  Baptist ;  owns  232  acres  land ;  has  held 
offices  of  Road  Master  and  School  Director ; 
married  Lydia  E.  Fife,  of  Mass. ;  she  died 
in  March,  1861 ;  present  wife  was  Ann  M. 
Colton,  born  in  Westfield,  Mass.,  Aug.  22, 
1831;  married  Jan.  27,  1863;  have  one 
child  by  former  and  one  by  present  mar- 
riage: James  Edward,  born  May  22, 1856; 
Ashland  C,  March  20,  1875. 

Blomberg  August,  Sec.  20 ;   P.  O.  Rockford. 

Bomgarty  Jos.  renter ;  Sec.  20 ;  P.O.Rockford. 

Bolfield  Charles,  Sec.  7 ;   P.  O.  Rockford. 

Brewster  J.  W.  farm;  Sec.  8;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Brewster  Joseph,  Sec.  10 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Brewster  Jos.,  Jr.,  Sec.  10 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Brown  Chas.  E.  brick  maker;  Sec.  26;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 

BROlVHf  GEORGE  S.  Farmer;  Sec. 
35 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  this  Co.  June 
23,  1859;  owns  199  acres  land,  value  $60 
per  acre;  holds  office  of  Road  Commis- 
sioner of  this  town ;  was  in  army  as  team- 
ster six  months ;  maiden  name  of  wire  was 
Jennie  Rogers;  she  was  born  in  England, 
March,  1846;  married  Feb.  13,  1867;  have 
three  children:  William,  born  Dec.  11, 
1868;  Flora,  Aug.  16,  1870;  Edith,  Nov. 
25,  1872. 

BROWX  MO^VR Y,  Farmer ;  Sec.  26 ; 
P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Rhode  Island,  Jan. 
29,  1814;  came  to  this  Co.  in  May,  1838; 
Republican ;  Liberal ;  owns  240  acres  land ; 
has  held  office  of  Justice  of  Peace;  is 
among  the  oldest  settlers ;  still  owns  and 
conducts  the  farm  which  he  originally 
purchased  from  the  government;  married 
Lucy  M.  Pease,  of  Lyons,  Wayne  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  she  was  born  March  31,  1815;  married 
Feb.  26,  1837;  have  had  eleven  chiUlreu, 
five  still  living:  George  S.,  Charles  E., 
Mary  E.,  Henry  A.,  Fred  O.,  Richard  E. 

Bryden  James  W.  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

CAMPBELL  JOHN,  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 
Campbell  J.  C.  renter;  Sec.  10;  P.O.Rockton. 
Carr  Thos.  renter;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Clarke  Geo.  renter;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Clark  John,  renter;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Clark  W.  former;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

ClilKEMAN  MIXER,  Farmer;  Sec. 
21 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Schoharie  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  26,  1832;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1862 ;  Republican ;  Liberal ;  owns  260  acres 
land;  maiden  name  of  wife  was  Ann 
Elizabetlj  Alleo,  born  in  Albany  Co,,  N, 


624 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIKECTOKY: 


Y. ;  married  in  1852;  have  six  children, 
Charles,  Sidney,  Austin,  Verni,  Adela  and 
William. 

Clikeman  S.  farmer,  lives  with  his  father : 

Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Collender  Jno.  Sec.  19:  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Collins  F.  A.  rents  farm ;  S.6 ;  P.O.  Harrison. 
Compton  W.  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Conklin  D. rents  farm;  Sec.4;  P.O.Harrison. 
Crowley  M.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.  Rockford. 


AVIS  ANDREW,  laborer;   Sec.  12;  P. 
O.  Rockford. 


D 

Douney  Morris,  farmer ;  Sec.  9. 

EAKER  A.  B.  fruit  raiser;  Sec.  27;  P.O. 
Rockford. 
Easterly  E.  O.  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

E€HiESTO:Sf  CHAS.  W.  Farmer; 
Sec.  34 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  George- 
town, O.,  Jan.  23,  1842 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1874;  Republican;  Liberal;  married  Sa- 
maria J.  Rodgers ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ; 
have  two  children,  George  P.,  and  Emma 
S. ;  was  in  92d  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  A;  served  three 
years. 

Ellis  D.  H.  Sec.  6 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 
■pADER  J.  G.  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Fader  S.  N.  Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Fairgrieve  J.  laborer ;  Sec.  2 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 
Farmer  B.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  6 ;  P.O.  Rockton. 

FAVOR  IVADIiEIGH,  Farmer; 
Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Rockford:  born  in  K  H.  in 
1806 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  May,  1838 ;  Re- 
publican ;  Liberal ;  owns  180  acres  land ; 
has  held  office  of  Assessor ;  maiden  name 
of  wife  was  Mary  Bryning,  born  in  Lon- 
don, England,  in  1814 ;   married  in  1842. 

Favor  Walter,  Sec.  8 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Fleming  Jno.  farmer ;  Sec.  5 ;  P.O.  Rockton. 

Fleming  Jno.  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Fleming  R.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Force  William  T. 

Frazer  F. rents  farm;  Sec.l4;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Furye  Henry,  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Furye  R.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Rockton. 

/^ILMORE  WILLIAM. 

Gleasman  Geo.  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Gleasman  Philip,  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O  Rockford. 
Glover  Jno.  W.  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Griffiths  Geo.  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

GRI9IES!»    CHAIS.    and     JOH^, 

Farmers;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Rockford;  John 
Grimes  was  born  in  Rockford,  March  6, 
1853;  Charles  was  born  in  same  place, 
Oct.  6,  1856 ;  both  Democrats ;  Catholics. 


H 


ALLEY  DAVID,  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 

Halley  D.  W.  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Halley  E.  R.  lives  with  father;  Sec.  4;  P.  O. 

Rockton. 
Halley  Robt.  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Halley  Wm.  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

HAI.I.EY  ^WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  4;  P. 
O.  Rockton ;  born  in  Fifeshire,  Scotland, 
June  4,  1818;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1838; 
Republican ;  Liberal ;  owns  640  acres  land ; 
Mr.  Halley  was  an  early  settler  of  this  Co.. 
and  imtil  1860  engaged  in  merchant  tailor- 
ing in  Rockton ;  after  this  he  became  a 
farmer ;  holds  the  office  of  Supervisor  of 
this  Tp. ;  has  also  held  offices  of  Justice  of 
the  Peace  and  Assessor;  married  Christian 
Mackie,  born  in  Scotland,  in  1846 ;  have 
three  children,  William  A.,  Hannah  M. 
and  Edwin  R. 

Halley  W.  A.  lives  with  father;  Sec.  4;  P.  O. 
Rockton. 

Hanmer  John  C.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  19 ;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 

Hanmer  J.  L.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  19 ;  P.  O.  Har- 
rison. 

Harper  J.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  6 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Haske  W.  H. 

Hatch  Adelberl. 

Hatch  A.  F.  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hatch  D.  R.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.O.Rockford. 

Hawkenson  David,  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hawkenson  J.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.O.Rockford. 

Higgens  T.  renter ;  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hulett  A.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Hulett  J.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Hulett  L.  F.  farmer ;  Sec.  4 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Hulett  M.  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.O.  Rockton. 

Hyatt  Almond,  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Hyatt  C.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.O.  Rockford. 

JENSEN  T.  P.  laborer;   Sec.  26;    P.  O. 
Rockford. 
Johnson  John,  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Jordon  R.  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

KELLY    JAMES,    rents  farm;  Sec.  22; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 
Kelly  J.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  10 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Kelly  John,  Jr.,  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Kebbe  A.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.O.Rockford. 
Kebbie  Wm. 

KJfAPP  FREDERICK  11.  Farm- 
er; Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  15, 1847;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1845 ;  owns  160  acres  laud,  valued 
at  $85  per  acre ;  mai-ried  Ida  M.  Barrett, 
Sept.  1,  1863;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.; 
have  two  children,  George,  born  June  5, 
1864;    Fred,  Feb.  4,  1866;  Mr.  Knapp's 


OWEN   TOWNSHIP. 


625 


mother,  Electa  P.  Knapp,  is  living  on  Sec. 
33;  was  born  in  Hamilton,  Madison  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  17,  1804;  owns  240  acres  laud; 
Mrs.  Knapp  is  the  widow  of  tlio  late  Jacob 
Knajip,  who  was  a  Baptist  clergyman  of 
distinction  and  a  large  laud  owner;  he 
died  March  3,1874;  Mrs.  Knapp  is  mother 
of  eight  children ;  lost  one  at  the  battle  of 
Kenesaw  Mt. 

LANDERS    CHRISTOPHER,  Sec.   37; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 

Landers  Thos. 

liATHAM  FRAXCIS  E.  Farmer; 
Sec.  13;  P.O.  KocUford;  born  in  Conn., 
Feb.  16,  1818;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
Republican:  Liberal;  owns  869  acres 
land ;  has  held  the  office  of  Supervisor  of 
this  Tp.  for  14  years;  also  has  been  Com- 
missioner of  Highways;  married  Maria 
Zimmer;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. ;  died 
July  31,  1873;  has  four  children,  Henry 
A.,  Sarah  (now  Mrs.  R.  D.  Hatch),  Abbie 
and  Emma. 

Latham  H.A.  rents  farm ;  S.34 ;  P.O.Rockford. 

Leahy  Wm.  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Lewis  A.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  2 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

I^EE  JAMES  B.  Farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.O. 
Harrison;  born  in  Columbia  Co.,  Penn., 
Nov.  23,  1803 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  Sept., 
1835;  is  the  oldest  settler  in  this  Tp. ; 
there  were  but  two  houses  in  Rockford 
when  he  came  here;  has  held  the  office  of 
Town  Trustee;  his  first  wife  was  Miranda 
Brayton;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  July 
26,  1809;  married  July  23,  1829;  she  died 
Feb.  3,  1849 ;  his  present  wife  was  Clara 
A.  Henry;  married  May  27,  1863;  have 
seven  children  living,  Clarinda  (now  Mrs. 
John  I.  Fassett),  Carsena  (now  Mrs.  Nor- 
ris  Makepiece),  Lucinda  (now  Mrs. 
Asahel  Fassett),  Clinton  J.,  Ruth  (now 
Mrs.  Job  Trenholm),  Benjamin  F.,  present 
Co.  Clerk,  Margaret  J.,  now  Mrs.  Willis 
Stone. 

Liddle  George,  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Liddle  Thomas,  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Liddle  William,  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

lilLIilE  J.  ^Sf.  Farmer;  lives  on  father's 
farm;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in 
Woodstock,  Mass.,  Aug.  5,  1846 ;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1858 ;  Republican;  Methodist; 
enlisted  in  146th  Regt.  I.  V.  I.;  served 
one  year;  married  Caroline  Beatson,  Feb. 
2,  1869;  she  was  born  in  this  Co.;  have 
four  children,  Luman  B.,  Elizabeth  L, 
Herbert  C,  and  Edward  L. 

Lillie  Jared,  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Lonergan  John,  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Lonergan  Thomas,  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

MCCARTY  FLORENCE,  Sec.  18;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 
McClarren  Peter,  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 


McClaren  Wm.  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
McGonigal  Ale.x.  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
McGonigal  W.  rents  farm;   Sec.  36;  P.O. 
Rockford. 

MeMlCH AEI.  HlI<iH,  Farmer;  Sec. 
25  ;  P.  O.  Rockford  :  born  in  Scotland,  Feb. 
6,1832;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1851;  owns 
163  acres  land;  married  Mary  Hill  in 
March,  1863;  she  was  born  in  Scotland; 
have  five  children:  Agnes,  Daniel,  Lizzie, 
Hugh  and  John. 

McMichael  Malcom,  Sec.  23;  P.O.Rockford. 

Mayes  James,  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

MAYES  IVIIiMAM,  Farmer;  Sec. 
14;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Penn.,  Dec. 
15,  1815;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1856;  Re- 
publican; Presbyterian;  owns  160  acres 
land,  valued  at  $(55  per  acre;  has  held 
office  of  Road  Commissioner  for  two 
terms,  and  Assessor  two  years;  married 
Margaret  Elliott,  of  Penn.,  in  1838;  she 
was  born  April  9,  1817 ;  have  had  six  chil- 
dren, three  still  living:  Rebecca  A.,  James 
O.  and  Frances  W. 

Miller  S.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Miller  Wm.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  7 ;  P.O.Harrison. 

Miller  Z.  rents  farm;  Sec.  14;  P.O.Rockford. 

MII.HE  ROBERT  P.  Farmer ;  Sec. 
33;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Burritt  Tp., 
Oct.  33,  1846 ;  Republican ;  Liberal ;  holds 
office  of  Colle6tor;  maiden  name  of  wife 
was  Mary  Duffee,  born  in  N.  J.,  May  1, 
1855;  married  Jan.  1,  1873;  have  one 
child,  Una  H.,  born  Dec.  38,  1873. 

Milton  William,  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

MIXARD  CHARI.es,  Farmer;  P. 
O.  Rockford;  born  in  N.  H.,  Oct.  14, 1839; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1858;  owns  131  acres 
land,  value  $60  per  acre;  married  Susan 
Hocking,  of  England,  in  1866;  have  five 
children :  Anna,  Ida,  Jennie,  Luis,  Fred. 

Minard  Wm.,  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Moliatt  John,  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Montgomery  Andrew,  Sec.  32 ;  P.O.Rockford. 

Montgomery  J.  farm ;  Sec.  23 ;  P.O.Rockford. 

Moore  Wm.  N. 

Mulvaney  W.  Jas.,  Sec.  26 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

PARROTT  WILLIAM,  Sec.  23;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 
Pashman  G.  rentsfarm;  S.  33;  P.O.Rockford. 
Pashman  J.H.  rents  farm  ;S.33  ;P.O.Rockford. 
Patterson  Alexander,  Sec.  9 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Patterson  James,  Sec.  9 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Patterson  John  N.,  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Pendergrast  Patrick,  Sec.  29 ;  P.O.Rockford. 

PHEEPS  EijJBERT,  Farmer;  Sec. 
33;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  this  Co., 
April  20,  1837;  Republican;  Liberal;  Mr. 
Phelps  claims  to  be  the  oldest  person  now 
living  in  the  Co.  that  was  born  here ;  he 
was  in  17th  111.  Cav.,  Co.  K,  served  two 


626 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIBEOTOKY: 


years ;  married  Mary  E.  Brown,  who  was 
born  in  this  Co.,  Sept.  12,  1843,  and  mar- 
ried in  Nov.,  1866. 

Powell  Wm.,  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Price  Wm.  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Primes  John. 

Putnam  B.  F.  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Putnam  Marslial. 


R 


EED  JAMES  C,  Sec.  31 ;   P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 

Reeves  Jas.  W.,  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Richards  O.  L.,  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Richards  S.  S.,  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Riley  Patrick. 

ROSA  JAMES,  Renter;  Sec.  22;  P.O. 
Rockford ;  born  in  Cortland,  N.  Y.,  March 
19,  1825 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1876 ;  maiden 
name  of  wife  was  Harriet  Patten ;  she  was 
born  in  N.  Y.  State ;  married  in  1844 ;  have 
four  children:  William  J.,  Abram,  Emma 
and  Nellie. 

Rotgar  C.  renter ;  Sec.  7 ;  P.  O.  Harrison. 

Rudd  Cyrus,  renter;  Sec.  11 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

SAMPLE  DAVID,  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 

SAMPIiE  WM.  H.  Farmer;  Sec. 
28;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Allegheny 
Co.,  Penn.,  Nov.  12,  1837;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1871 ;  owns  160  acres  land,  valued 
at  $70  per  acre;  Republican;  Liberal; 
married  Mrs.  Emma  C.  Couch,  in  1870; 
she  was  born  in  Penn. ;  have  three  chil- 
dren ;  Mrs.  Sample  had  one  child  by  for- 
mer marriage,  and  two  by  present  mar- 
riage :  Elizabeth,  Pearl  an'd  Willie. 

Sanders  H.  C.  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

SCHOO^DTMAKER  C.  Farmer;  Sec. 
25 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Montgomery 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  4,  1824;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  March,  1857;  Republican;  Liberal; 
owns  208  acres  land ;  has  held  the  offices  of 
Collector  and  Assessor ;  married  Charity 
Dcrring,  Aug.  19,  1848;  she  was  born  in 
Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  5,  1827 ;  have 
had  four  children;  two  living:  David, 
born  Oct.  31,  1849;  Fred,  born  June  3,  '69. 

Schoonmaker  David,  S.  25 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Seaverus  Frank,  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

SEAVERXS  ISAAC  IV.  Farmer; 
Sec.  24;  P.O.  Rockford;  born  in  Rox- 
bury,  Mass.,  Jan.  30,  1813;  owns  245  acres 
land ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1848 ;  married 
Ann  E.  Titus;  she  was  born  in  Rochester, 
N.Y. ;  married  in  1842;  have  had  eight 
children;  lost  two;  Isaac  W.,  now  living 
in  Chicago,  Edwin  M.,  living  in  Janes- 
ville,  Frank,  George,  Isabella,  now  Mrs. 
Eddy,  and  Ella  M.,  now  Mrs.  Dr.  Taylor 
of  Rockton ;  Frank  Seaverns  was  born  in 
this  Co.,  Dec.  13,  1850;  owns  185  acres 
land ;  has  held  the  offices  of  Overseer  of 
Highways  and  School  Director ;  married 


Lillie  E.  Willis ;  she  was  born  in  Penn. ; 
married  Sept.  22,  1875. 

SIMPSOX     WII.I.IA1I     C.     R. 

Farmer;  lives  with  Robert  P.  Milne;  Sec. 
32;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Rockford 
township,  in  1848 ;  Republican ;  Liberal. 

SMITH  ARCHIBALD  J.  Farmer; 
Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Scot- 
land, Oct.  1,  1842;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1862;  owns  160  acres  land,  valued  at  $65 
per  acre;  married  Mary  A.  Giffen;  she 
was  born  in  this  Co.;  married  June  2, 
1864;  have  five  children,  James  A.,  Jen- 
nie, Mary,  Alice,  and  Arthur. 

Smith  F.  farm  hand;  Sec.  8;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

SMITH  RICHARD,    Rents    Farm 
Sec.  19 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Ireland 
came  to  this  Co.  in   1865;   Republican 
Methodist    preferred;  married    Margaret 
Scott,  in  1868 ;  she  was  also  born  in  Ire- 
land ;  have  two  children. 

Sohner  Edward,  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Steward  Alansou,  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Steward  E.  farm;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Steward  James,  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Steward  Minard,  Sec.  15;  P.  0.  Rockford. 

Stryker  J.  B.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Har- 
rison. 

Sweeney  P.  laborer;  S.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

AIT  WILLIAM,  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 

Taylor  S.  B.  farm;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Thomas  G.  C.  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

THOMAS  ORVIIiliE  P.  Farmer; 
Sec.  7 ;  P.  O.  Harrison ;  born  in  Wayne 
Co.,  Penn.,  Dec.  17,  1837 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1838 ;  Republican ;  Liberal ;  owns  80 
acres  land;  was  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  F; 
served  three  years;  married  Alice  A.  Carr, 
Dec.  2,  1870 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.  State ; 
have  one  child,  William  A. 

Thompson  D.  A.  farm;  S.  5;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

THOMPSOJf       STEPHEN       O. 

Farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O.  Rockton;  born  in 
New  Jersey,  Aug.  15,  1818;  came  to  this 
State  in  1838 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1842 ; 
Republican ;  Presbyterian  preferred ;  owns 
290  acres  land;  married  Eliza  Knapp;  she 
was  born  in  Putnam  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  17, 
1818 ;  married  Nov.  29,  1845 ;  have  two 
children  living,  Emily,  now  Mrs.  Luke 
T.  Hulett,  and  Dudley  A. ;  lost  two. 

Tittle  M.  laborer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Truesdell  Allen,  Sec.  19 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Truesdell  J.  W.  brickmaker;  Sec.  26;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 

Trimmer  Chas.  M.  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

TUIiliOCK  GEORGE,  Farmer; 
Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Scot^ 
land,  July  4,  1815 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1841 ;  Republican ;  Liberal ;  owns  231 
acres  land ;  Mr,  Tullock  is  one  of  the  old- 


T 


f 


OWEN   TOWNSHIP. 


627 


est  settlers,  liaving  drawn  wlieat  to  Chi- 
cago and  selling  it  at  50c  per  bushel,  and 
has  sold  pork  as  low  as  $1.25  per  cwt., 
taking  about  six  days  to  make  the  trip ; 
lias  held  the  offices  of  Assessor  anil  School 
Treasurer;  married  Mary  A.  Milne;  she 
was  born  in  Scotland,  in  183:5;  uiarried  in 
1845;  have  six  children  living,  Maggie, 
William,  Emma,  Alonzo,  Volney,  and 
George ;  lost  three. 

Till  lock  Volney,  farmer;  Sec.  34;  lives  with 
father;?.  O.  Rockford. 

Tullock  Win.  farm;  Sec.  84;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Turney  E.  W.  rents  farm ;  S.  16 ;  P.  O.  Rock- 
ford. 


w 


EBB  BURL,  laborer;  P.  O.  Rockford. 


Whelan  Matthew,   Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Wicks  Walter,  Sec.  17 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

^VIL-DER  KDWAUn  B.  Farmer; 
Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Keene, 
N.  H.,  Nov.  20,  1833;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1856;  Republican;  Congregationalist; 
owns  lOo  acres  land,  valued  at  $55  per 
acre;  lirst  wife  was  Mary  Williams,  born 
in  Maine;  present  wife  was  p]dna  E.  Fow- 
ler; has  two  childi'en  by  first  marriage 
and  three  by  second,  Viola,  Azel  H.,  Lil- 
lian J.,  Charles,  and  Edward  B. 

Woodiwess  Alonzo,  rents  farm ;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O. 
Rockton. 


H^g,  I.  ^^til£>       l4S^J>^ 


628 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


HARLEM   TOWNSHIP. 


ANDREW     CHARLES,     grain    dealer; 
Argyle. 
Andrew  David,  grain  dealer ;  Argyle. 
Andrew  Hugh,  merchant;  Argyle. 
Andrus  Joel,  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Andrus  Thos.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.  Harlem. 
Armstrong  A.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O.Harlem. 
Armstrong  F.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Harlem. 
Ai'mstrong  Wilber ;  farm ;  S.33 ;  P.O.Harlem. 
Armstrong  W. D.  farm;  Sec.32;  P.O.Harlem. 
Aspole  Josiah,  farm;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Atwood  B.  farmer;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Atwood  David,  farm ;  S.  31 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Atwood  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Atwood  S.  G.  farmer ;  Sec.  30 ;  P.O.  Harlem 

BARRETT  HARDING,  rents  farm;  Sec. 
20 ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Bartholomew  E.  S.  farm;  Sec.30;  P.O.Rock- 

ford. 
Bartholomew  Joy,  farm ;  Sec.30;  P.O.Rock- 

ford. 
Benedict  Elias,  farm;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Brown  Andrew;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

BROWK  EDWARD,  Farmer;  Sec. 
15;  P.  O.  Arg3-le;  born  in  Ai'gyleshire, 
Scotland,  Nov.  11,  1810;  came  to  this 
country  in  1834;  located  in  Ohio;  lived 
there  17  years;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1851; 
owns  345  acres  land;  has  held  various 
township  offices;  married  Miss  Elizabeih 
Brown,  in  Hamilton  Co.,  Ohio;  she  was 
born  in  Argyleshire,  Scotland;  Mr.  Brown 
has  been  Trustee  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  for  a  number  of  years. 

Brown  Wm.  farm;  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  Argj-^le. 

Brown  Wm.,  Jr.  Sec.  13;  P.  O.  ArgyTe. 

BRUXER  MAI^COLM,  Farmer; 
Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Harlem;  born  in  Essex  Co., 
Canada,  April  10,1839;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1849;  owns  215  acres  land;  enlisted  in 
18th  Wisconsin  Inf.,  in  September,  1861 ; 
served  4  mouths  as  private,  6  months  as 
Sergeant,  0  months  as  2d  Lieutenant,  2 
yeai's  and  6  months  as  Captain ;  was  hon- 
orably discharged  in  1865 ;  w^as  Secretary 
of  the  County  Grange  the  first  3  years  of 
its  organization ;  married  Adelia  Swezey, 
in  this  Co.,  April  23,  18GS ;  she  was  born 
in  New  York,  March  3,  1844. 

BlJCHAJrA:^  THO.IIAJ^,  Farmer; 
Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  Canada, 
April  10,  1854;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857; 
owns  property  to  the  value  of  $1,800;  mar- 
ried Miss  Lydia  Love,  in  this  Co. ;  she 
was  born  in  this  Co.,  Jan.  16,  1856. 

CAHOON  EUGENE,  rents  farm;   Sec. 
17;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 


COI^EMABf  CHRISTOPHER  C. 

Farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.O.Harlem;  born  in 
Vermont,  July  25,  1825 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1847;  owns  200  acres  land;  married 
Abigail  Danlley,  in  this  Co.,  town  of  Har- 
lem, in  April,  1865 ;  she  was  born  in  Jef- 
ferson Co.,  N.  y.,  Sept.  1,  1828. 
Coleman  D.  C.  farm;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

COEEIER  AI.EXAH1DER,  Farm- 
er; Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  N.  Y., 
March  8,  1849;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1869; 
owns  property  to  the  value  of  $2,000 ;  mar- 
ried Miss  McMullen,  in  DeKalb  Co.,  this 
State;  she  was  born  in  DeKalb  Co.,  this 
State,  in  1849. 

Colville  Robert,  farm;  Sec.  26;  P.O.  Harlem. 
Cummings  A.  B.  farm ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Cummings  F.  B.  farm;  Sec.  8;  P.  O. Roscoe. 

DANLEY  B.  rents  farm ;   Sec.  28 ;   P.  O. 
Harlem. 

DOOI.ITTI.E    RrSSEI.I.    C. 

Farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in 
N.  Y.,  Dec.  23,  1835;  owns  lOO  acres  land; 
enlisted  in  the  11th  111.  Cav.,  in  1864;  was 
honorably  discharged  in  1865;  has  held 
various  township  offices;  married  Miss 
Ann  Jane  Arnold,  in  this  Co.,  July  4, 
1859;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  March  23, 
1840. 

DOOEITTI^E  P.  S.  Farmer;  Sec.  19; 
P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Aug.  6,  1811;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1837; 
owns  234  acres  laud;  was  oue  of  the 
judges  in  the  first  election  held  in  this 
township;  has  been  Supervisor  2  years, 
and  has  held  various  other  township 
offices;  first  wife  was  Angeline  Knox;  she 
was  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  present 
wife  was  Paulina  Reynolds ;  she  was  born 
in  Canada. 

Douglas  C.  W.  farm;   Sec.  20;  P.O.  Harlem. 

DOUGIiAS  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  20; 
P.  O.  Harlem;  born  in  Hancock  Co.,  Me., 
June  21,  1836;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1868; 
married  Miss  Sarah  Wood,  in  Hancock 
Co.,  Me. ;  she  was  born  in  same  Co.  and 
State. 

Dyer  H.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

E ASTON  DAVID,  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O. 
Harlem. 
Easton  Walter,farraer;  Sec.32:  P.O.  Harlem. 
Edic  Chas.  rents  farm ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

ED^VARDS  JOHX.  M.  Farmer; 
Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Harlem;  born  in  Vermont, 
Dec.  14, 1837 ;  owns  45  acres  laud ;  married 
Miss  Maggie  Ryan,  in  this  Co.,  June  8, 
1870;  she  w^as  born  in  N.  Y.,  March  14, 
1843 ;  Mr.  Edwards  came  to  this  Co.  in  1847. 


HARLEM  TOWNSaif. 


629 


FABRICK  ALANSON,  farmer;  Sec.  30; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 
Fabrick  L.  A.  grain  dealer;  Harlem  Station. 
FcrgusonjA.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.O.  Rockford 
Ferguson  H.  farmer;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O. Rockford. 

FERGUSON  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  25; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Campbelltown, 
Argyleshire,  Scotland,  May  15,  1813; 
came  to  Ohio  in  1836;  moved  from  there 
to  this  Co.  in  1840;  has  been  Supervisor 
two  terms,  Collector  one  term.  Assessor 
eight  terms;  owns  400  acres  land,  well  im- 
proved and  within  five  miles  of  Rockford ; 
married  Miss  Ellen  Pickens,  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  Oct.  31,  1839 ;  she  was  born  in 
Scotland,  Dec.  30,  1815. 

GREENLEES  JAMES,  farmer;  Sec.  15; 
P.  O.  Argyle. 
Greenlees  P.  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  0.  Argyle. 
Griffin  Edwin;  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
GOODHUIE    DAVID,   Farmer;  Sec. 
18;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  N.  H.,  April  11, 
1813 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845 ;   owns  121 
acres  land ;  married  Miss  Eunice  T.  Durell 
in  N.  H. ;  she  was  born  in  N.  H. 

HALL  JOHN  L.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O. 
Harlem. 

Hall  Henry,  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Hall  L.  F.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.  Harlem. 

Hardy  Mike,  laborer. 

Harvey  Daniel  G.  farmer:  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Harvey  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Haskins  Amos,  farmer;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

HAISKIN  CHAS.  Farmer;  Sec.  29; 
P.  O.  Harlem;  born  in  Berkshire  Co., 
Mass.,  March  14,  1817 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1841 ;  owns  343  acres  land ;  has  held  various 
township  offices ;  married  Miss  Mary  W. 
Atwood,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  29, 
1841 ;  she  was  born  in  Berkshire  Co., 
Mass.,  Nov.  21,  1819. 

Howie  R.  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Ai-gyle. 

Hurlburt  R.  S.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

HlTTCHIll^S  G.  C.  Farmer;  Sec.  9; 
P.O.  Roscoe;  born  in  N.  Y.,  March  2, 
1833:  came  to  this  Co.  in  1839;  owns  124 
acres  land;  has  been  School  Director  15 
years ;  married  Miss  Mary  Stein,  in  Iowa, 
July  4,  1859;  she  was  born  in  Canada, 
March  16,  1842. 

Hutchins  Nat.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

JACKSON    WILLIAM,    farmer;    P.    O. 
J     Argyle. 

Jenks  Edin,  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Jenks  W.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 
Johnson  D.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.  Roscoe. 

JOHNSON  JEREMIAH,  Farmer; 
Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Harlem;  born  in  N.  J., 
Dec.  6,  1804 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1837 ; 
owns  125  acres  land ;  married  Miss  Julia 


L 


Doolittle,  in  N.  Y.,  Feb.  13,  1830;  she  was 

born  in  N.  Y.,  May  21,  1804. 
Jones  George,  laborer. 
Jones  J.  II.  laborer. 

KERR  CHARLES,  farmer;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O. 
Roscoe 
Kilburn  S.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

ANDUS  LEVEY,  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O. 
Harlem. 
Landus  R.  farmer ;  Sec.  32 ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

liOVEJOY  ANDRE\%  J.  Sec.  9; 
P.  O  Roscoe;  born  in  this  Co.,  in  town  of 
Harlem;  owns  215  acres  land;  also  has 
Dry  Goods  and  Notions  wholesale  house 
in  Jacksonville,  Morgan  Co.,  III.;  married 
Miss  Eliza  Wyman,  in  this  Co.,  Aug.  27, 
1867 ;  she  was  born  in  this  Co.,July  12, 1846. 

MCDONALD    ALEXANDER,    farmer; 
P.  O.  Argyle. 
McDonald  Andrew,  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
McDonald  D.  farmer;  Sec.  1;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
McDonald  James,   farmer;   Sec.  36;   P.  O. 

Argyle. 
McDonald  John,  farm;  S.  14;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
McEachran  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
McFarland  Walter,  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
McKay  Alexander,  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
McLarty  Walter,  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 
McNeilly  R.  blacksmith ;  Harlem  Station. 
Mabie  Eugene,  farmer;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Mabie  Homer,  farmer;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

MARIE  PETER,  Farmer;  Sec.  17; 
P.  O.  Roscoe;  born  in  Delaware  Co., 
N.  Y.,  on  Feb.  17,  1814;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1843 ;  owns  340  acres  land ;  was  Super- 
visor 12  years,  and  has  held  various  other 
Tp.  offices ;  first  wife  was  Eliza  Ann  Chap- 
pel  ;  she  was  born  in  Conn. ;  they  were 
married  in  Ohio ;  present  wife  was  Mary 
Sibley,  of  Berkshire  Co.,  Mass. ;  they  were 
married  in  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Mabie  R.  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Magoon  C.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Magoou  W.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.O.  Rockford. 

MAGOON  W.  T.  Farmer;  Sec.  36; 
P.  O.  Argyle;  born  in  Lower  Canada, 
March  24,  1810;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1838; 
owns  160  acres  land;  married  Emeline 
Hi2;by,  in  Canada;  she  was  born  in  Lower 
Canada,  June  29,  1810. 

Malott  Theodore,  ftirmer;  Sec.  4. 

Martin  Morris  M.  school  teacher. 

Montgomery  R.  farm;  Sec. 34;  P.O.  Harlem. 


o 


'SHEA  DANIEL,  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O. 
Harlem. 


(ARKER    HUBERT,  farmer;    Sec.   28; 
P.  O.  Harlem. 


630 


WINNEBAGO   OOTJNTT   DIBECTOKY: 


Parker  J.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Perry  David,  renter;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

PICKARD  PAL.MER,  Fanner; 
Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Harlem;  born  iu  N.  Y., 
Jan.  5,  1820 ;  came  to  this  state  in  1839 ; 
located  in  this  Co.  in  1844;  owns  252  acres 
land ;  married  Miss  Lydia  Atwood,  in  this 
Co.,  Sept.  29,  1847 ;  she  was  born  in  Can- 
ada, March  23,  1830. 

Picken  Alexander,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Picken  Hugh,  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Picken  James,  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.O. Argyle. 

Picken  James,  Jr.,  farm ;  Sec.l4 ;  P.O.Argyle. 

RALSTON  ALEXANDER,  retired 
farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Ralston  Alex.  C.  farm ;  Sec.  15 ;  P.O.  Roscoe. 

Ralston  D.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

RAIiSTOX  JOHX,  Farmer;  Sec.  25; 
P.O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Argyleshire,  Scot- 
land, Oct.  30,  1828 ;  settled  in  Boone  Co., 
this  state,  in  1842;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1851 ;  owns  104  acres  in  this  Co.,  and  60 
acres  in  Boone  Co. ;  has  held  various  Tp. 
offices;  married  Miss  Jane  Ralston,  in 
Boone  Co.,  this  state;  she  was  born  in 
Scotland. 

Ralston  J.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Ralston  R.  farmer;   Sec.  22;  P.O.  Harlem. 

Ralston  R.,  Jr.,  farmer ;  Sec.22 ;  P.O.Harlem. 

Ralston  P.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.O.  Harlem. 

Ralston  Peter,  farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.O.  Roscoe. 

Ralston  T.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Ralston  Thos.,  Jr.,  farm ;  Sec.l4;  P.O.Argyle. 

Ralston  W.  farmer;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Reid  Alex,  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Reid  Alex.,  Jr.,  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.O.Argyle. 

Reid  Hugh,  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.O.  Argyle. 

R£ID  JAMKS  ».  Farmer;  Sec.  24; 
P.  O.  Argyle;  was  born  in  this  Co.,  town 
of  Harlem,  Nov.  12,  1840;  owns  200  acres 
land;  has  held  various  Tp.  offices;  mar- 
lied  Miss  Mary  Breckenridge,  in  this  Co., 
June  27,  18(57;  she  was  born  in  Argyle- 
shire, Scotland,  Nov.  13,  1846;  died  June 
14,  lis76;  James  S.  Reid's  father  (Hugh 
Reid)  was  born  in  Scotland ;  he  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1837;  wife  was  Mary  Howie; 
they  were  married  in  Scotland. 

Rice  V.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Rogers  Wm.  laborer. 

Rumelhart  A.  farmer;  Sec. 34;  P.O.  Harlem. 

RIJMEI.H  ART      ORE  G[0  R  Y, 

Farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Harlem;  born  in 
Germany,  March  12,  1825 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1852;  owns  220  acres  land;  has 
held  various  township  offices;  married 
Miss  Laura  Ann  Jewel,  in  Erie  Co.,  Penn., 
June  14,  1849 ;  she  was  born  in  Ludlow 
Co.,  Vt.,  Feb.  22.  1831. 
Ryburn  Jas.  renter ;  Sec.  14 ;  P.  O.  Argyle. 


Ryan  John,  laborer. 
Ryan  Daniel,  laborer. 

O  AMMONS  AMOS,  retired. 

Sammons  John,  retired. 

SAUKDERS  IRA,  Farmer;  Sec.  31; 
P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Nov.  2,  1843 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1877 ; 
owns  148  acres  land,  within  four  miles  of 
Rockford,  and  it  is  well  improved;  mar- 
ried Miss  Amelia  Welch,  in  Erie  Co.,  N. 
Y„  Oct.  9,  1864;  she  was  born  in  Erie 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  8,  1846. 

Sellers  Dan'l,  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Sellars  D.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Smith  Alex,  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Smith  Cornelius,  farmer;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Smith  D.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Smith  D.  P.  farmer;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Smith  E.  farmer ;  P.O.  Harlem. 

Smith  Geo.  G.  tarmer ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Smith  H.  renter;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

ISMITH  JOHN,  Farmer;  Sec.  35; 
P.  O.  Argyle;  born  in  Argyleshire,  Scot- 
land, July  22,  1826;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1842;  owns  340  acres  land;  has  been 
Supervisor  three  years,  and  has  held 
various  other  offices  since  he  has  been  in 
the  Co.;  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Mont- 
gomery, in  this  Co.;  she  was  born  in 
Argyleshire,  Scotland,  in  Jan.,  1826. 

SMITH  ROBT.  Farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.O. 
Argyle;  born  in  Argyleshire,  Scotland, 
Aug  22,  1824 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1842 ; 
owns  200  acres  land;  has  held  various 
offices;  married  Miss  Greenliss,  m  this 
Co.;  she  was  born  in  Argyleshire,  Scot- 
laud. 

Swiirthout  Isaac,  merchant;  Harlem  Station. 

TARMER  JAMES,  farmer;  Sec.l3;  P.O. 
Argyle. 
Taylor  A.  farmer ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 
Taylor  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

TAYIiOR  liYMAN,  Farmer;  Sec. 
28;  P.  O.  Harlem;  born  in  Berkshire  Co., 
Mass.,  Oct.  21,  1821 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1840;  owns  217  acres  land;  is  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  and  has  held  various  township 
offices;  married  Miss  Eliza  Bowman  in 
this  Co. ;  she  was  born  in  Scotland. 

Taylor  O.  farmer ;  Sec.  29 ;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Throne  N.  farmer ;  Sec.  36 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

Throne  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Thompson  L.  D.  farm ;  Sec.20 ;  P.O.  Harlem. 

Tofflemire  Jas.  farm;  Sec.36;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Tofflemire  J.  farmer;  Sec.36 ;  P.O.  Rockford. 

Tran  Roberth  H. 

Tripp  John  C.  with  D.  A.  Sturtevant  &  Co. ; 
Roscoe. 


HARLEM   TOWNSHIP. 


631 


Turner  Wm.  laborer. 

Tuthill  John  N.  carpenter;  Argyle. 

Tuthill  Wm.  carpenter ;  Argyle. 


w 


ARNER   FRED'K.  W.  ftirmer;  Sec. 
9;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

M^ARXER  OI.Ilf  S.  Farmer;  Sec. 
4;  P.  O.  Roscoe;  boru  in  this  Co.  Nov.  6, 
1851;  owns  125  acres  land;  his  fiither, 
Walter  Warner  (now  deceased),  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1886. 

Waterson  David,  farmer;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

Waterson  Daniel,  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Waterson  J. farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Waterson  T.  J.  farm ;  Sec.  16 ;  P.  O.  Roscoe. 

Watson  J.  D.  farmer;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Argyle. 

Wellington  O.  N.  farm;  S.  28;  P.O.  Harlem. 

Wilder  S.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.  O.  Harlem. 


Wilder  Seth  C.  farm;  Sec, 29;  P.O.  Harlem. 
Wollon  Micliael,  retired;  P.  O.  Harlem. 

WOOI>AVARD  AI.I.EK,  Farmer; 
Sec.  36 ;  P.  O.  Rockford  ;  born  in  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  12,  183:};  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1856;  owns  153  acres  land;  married 
Mary  Perry,  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March 
19,  1855;  slie  was  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Nov.  1,  1832. 


Y 


OUNG   C.  B.   farmer;    Sec.    16;    P.O. 
Roscoe. 

YOUKO  A.  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O. 
Roscoe;  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June 
20,  1828;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854;  owns 
100  acres  land;  married  Miss  Birdsall,  in 
Waterlocj,  Iowa,  Jan.  29,  1865;  she  was 
born  in  Herkimer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  9,1837; 
have  one  child,  Edith  Lane,  born  in  Har- 
lem, this  Co.,  June  22,  1868. 


632 


WINNEBAGO   COtJNTY   DtREOTORYt 


LAONA  TOWNSHIP. 


ADAMS  D.  E.    farmer;    Sec.   29;    P.O. 
Laona. 
Adams  E.  N.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Adams  Elislia,  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Adams   R.  E.  lives  with  father ;  Sec.  29 ;  P. 

O.  Laona. 
Adleman  Prank,  renter;  Sec.  32;  P.O.Laona. 
Anderson  And.  son  of  H.  H.  Anderson;  Sec. 

30;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Anderson  H.  H.farmer;  Sec.30;  P.O.  Laona. 
Anderson  Holver,  farm;  Sec.30;  P.O.  Laona. 
Anderson  Ole,  son  of  H.  H.  Anderson ;  Sec. 

30;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Anderson  O.  C. 
Andrews  J.  P.  Sec.  6 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

BARKER    G.   C.    renter;    Sec.  30;  P.O. 
Laona. 
Barker  N.  D.  farmer ;  Sec.  28 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Bartell  Belona,  laborer;  Sec. 29;  P.O.  Laona. 
Baker  A.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Baker  A.  W.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Baker  E.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Baker  P.D.  wheelwright;  S.6;  P.O.  Durand. 
Belden  Simeon ;   Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Belden  T.  T.  P.  O.  Durand. 
Bills  Alson,  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Briggs  T.  H.  Sec.  30 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Bristol  Asher,  P.  O.  Durand. 
Bristol  Ole,  P.  O.  Durand. 
Burgurson  Holo,farm ;  Sec. 26;  P.O. Durand. 

CARTER  C.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Du- 
rand. 
Chambers  Henry,  lives  with  daughter;  Sec. 

34;   P.  O.  Durand. 
Christinson  John,farm ;  Sec.29;  P.O.Laona. 
Cleavland   Alex,   lives    with  father,   E.   F. 

Cleavland ;  Sec.  2 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Cleavland  A.D.  renter;  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Durand. 
Cleavlaud  E.F.farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.O.  Durand. 
Cleavland  L.V.farmer ;  Sec.3 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Cleavland  R.L.  farmer;  Sec.2;  P.O.  Durand. 
Cram  T.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Cross F.P.school  teacher;  Sec.30;  P.O.Laona. 

DAVIS   OLIVER,  laborer;  Sec.  29;  P.O. 
Laona. 
Day  A.  W.  laborer;   Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Dean  Carlos,  farmer ;  Sec.  6 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Dean  Solon,  laborer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Dickenson  E.  D.farmer;  Sec.33;  P.O.  Laona. 
Dickinson  F.  laborer ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Dolan  John,  farmer;  Sec.  6;   P.  O.  Durand. 
Dolan  P.  farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O.  Durand. 


F 


Dunn  Michael,  Sec.  5 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 

ELIOT.GW. blacksmith  and  farmer;  Sec. 
31 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Eliot  Robert,  Renter;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Eliot  Seth,  lab;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Laona. 

LINN  JOHN,   farmer;    Sec.  36;  P.O. 
Durand. 

Fox  Mich,  son  of  Thos;  Sec.25  ;  P.O.  Durand. 
Fox  Thomas,  farmer;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

GARNER  CHARLES,  farmer;   Sec.30; 
P.  O.  Durand. 
Gehr  W.  L.  works  for  H.  Randall;  Sec.  33; 

P.  O.  Laona. 
Gilbertson  Jacob,  carp ;  Sec.  19 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Gillman  J.P.farrier  and  farmer ;  P.O. Durand. 

HARTLrEY  4]}JE:LD»$£TH,  Far- 
mer; P.  O.  Durand;  owns  78  acres  of 

land  valued  at  $4,000 ;    is  a   single  man ; 

born   in   Norway  in   1857;    came  to  this 

country  in   1872,   and   to   this   county   in 

1875;  Lutheran;  Republican. 
Hanford  Philo,  farmer;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Dui-and. 
Hartman  John,  rents  from  father  Thomas 

Hartman;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Davis. 
Hartman  Thos.  larmer ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Davis. 
Hartman  T.  T.  Sec.  20 ;  P.  O.  Laona- 
Hartman  Uriah,  rents  from  father  Thomas 

Hartman;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Davis. 
Hill  Augustus,  farmer ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  Duraud. 
Holton  C.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Holvorsen  H.  A.  farmer ;  Sec.32 ;  P.O.  Laona- 

JENESON    C.  H.  farmer;   Sec.  28;  P.  O. 
Laona. 
Jeneson  H.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  29;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Johnson  N.  farmer ;  Sec.  23 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

JOHNSOX  PETER,  Farmer;  P.O. 
Durand;  owns  240  acres  of  land  worth 
$10,000,  lying  in  Section  3;  he  was  born 
in  Norway,  June  18,  1818;  came  to  the 
U.  S.  in  1843,  and  to  this  county  in  1844; 
he  was  married  in  1848  to  Aslong  Peter- 
son; she  was  born  in  Norway,  Sept.  12, 
1826;  they  have  had  seven  children,  four 
of  whom  are  now  alive :  John  F.,  aiied  25, 
Fremont  P.,  aged  20,  Henry  A.,  aged  18, 
Adelaide  S.,  aged  15.  Mr.  Johnson  has 
been  Commissioner  of  Highways  twelve 
years.  Supervisor  three  years,  and  has 
been  President  of  the  Durand  Farmers' 
Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Co.  since  its  or- 
ganization; Lutheran;  Independent. 

Jones  John,  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Judd  Lyman,  farmer;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Judd  Norman,  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O.  Durand. 


LAONA   tOWNSHlP. 


633 


K 


Judd  Oliver,  farmer ;  Sec.  36 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

ENDALL  C.  A.  renter;  Sec.  28;    P.  O. 
Durand. 

Kendall  W.H.  renter;  Sec.28;  P.O.  Durand 
Kendall  W.  N.  renter;  Sec.24;  P.O.  Durand. 
Kinney  Alson,f;irmer;  Sec.31;  P.O.  Durand. 
Kinney  Wm.  former;  Sec.  1;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Koehn  N.H.  renter;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Kyes  David,  laborer;  Sec.  25;  P.O.  Durand. 

ENNON  MICHAEL,  farmer;  Sec.  24; 
P.  O  Durand. 


L 


McDERMOTT  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  34; 
P.O.  Durand. 
McDonald  Alex,  farm;  P.  O.  Durand. 
MausfieknVm.  farm;  Sec.24;  P.O.  Durand. 
Matoon  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Mayer  August,  farmer;  Sec.28;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Mayer  Henry,  farmer;  Sec.  21;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Mayer  Henry  J.  lives  with  father ;   Sec.  21 ; 

P.  O.  Laona. 
Moore  R.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Murray  C.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Murray  P.  farm  hand ;  Sec.  26 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Murray  M.  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Durand. 

NELSON  ANDREW,  farmer;    Sec.  23; 
P.  O.  Durand. 
Norton  Edward,  rents  from  father,  E.  Norton ; 

Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Norton  E.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Norton  H.  L.  rents  from  father,  E.  Norton ; 

Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Norton  L.  H.  lives  with  father,  E.  Norton ; 
Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Laona. 

PALLSON  HOWELL,  farmer;  Sec.  6; 
P.  O.  Davis. 

PATTEKSOX  5rir.ES,  Farmer;  Sec. 
5;  P.  O.  Durand;  was  born  in  this  town, 
Dec.  23,  1853;  owns  270  acres,  valued  at 
$10,800 ;  is  mdependent  in  politics ;  a  mem- 
ber and  a  trustee  of  the  Lutheran  church ; 
is  not  married ;  his  father,  Niles  Patterson, 
a  native  of  Norway,  came  to  this  country 
in  1848 ;  died  May  25,  1873,  in  his  54th 
year;  his  mother,  Mrs.  Helga  Patterson, 
now  68  years  old,  lives  with  him. 

Patterson  P.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Durand. 

PHIPPS  AliLEX,  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P. 
O.  Laona;  was  born  in  lona  county,  Mich., 
in  1837;  came  to  this  county  in  1844; 
owns  50  acres,  valued  at  $2,500 ;  indepen- 
dent in  politics  and  religion;  was  married 
Sept.  23,  1870,  to  Mrs.  Eliza,  widow  of  J. 
C.  Bates  and  daughter  of  Wm.  Randall,  of 
this  town ;  she  was  born  in  1836 ;  he  has 
three  step-children:  Henry,  Robert  and 
Mary  Bates ;  Mr.  Phipps  has  crossed  the 
plains  to  the  Pacific  slope  several  times, 
meeting  with  some  exciting  adventures 
and  narrow  escapes  for  life. 

34 


Phipps  Homer,  lives  with  father,  Wm. ;  Sec. 
4;  P.O.  Durand. 

Phipps  Samuel,  renter;  Sec.  34;  P.O.Durand. 

PHIPPS  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.O. 
Durand;  born  at  Niagara  Falls,  where  his 
father  was  4  years  ferryman;  in  1825, 
moved  to  Oakland  Co.,  Mich. ;  lived  there 
6  years;  in  lona  Co.,  11  years,  came  to  this 
State  and  Co.  in  1844;  married,  July  3, 
1853,  Miss  Emily,  daughter  of  Price  B. 
Webster,  of  Durand;  have  seven  children 
living:  Homer  A.,  Marriette,  Viola,  Price, 
Wm.,  Sarah  E.  and  Emily  V.;  is  an  exten- 
sive hog  breeder;  owns  170  acres,  valued 
at  $7,600;  Independent  in  politics  and  re- 
ligion; in  1800  "crossed  the  plains"  to 
California,  taking  his  family,  a  number  of 
horses  and  horn  cattle;  returned  the  next 
year,  coming  by  water  to  N.  Y. ;  made  a 
second  trip  across  the  plains  with  42 
horses ;  was  6  months  on  the  way ;  sold 
them  out  at  profit  and  came  back ;  made  a 
trip  to  Idaho  in  1864,  taking  a  drove  of 
stock,  which  were  all  captured  by  the  In- 
dians before  he  reached  his  destination, 
saving  only  his  life,  clothes  and  a  small 
sum  of  money;  came  back,  and  in  1870 
again  visited  Caiifornia,  over  the  Pacilic 
Railroad;  owns  a  most  beautiful  Arab 
stallion  and  yearling  colt;  the  former,  4 
years  old,  is  said  to  be  the  handsomest 
horse  in  the  State ;  has  been  three  terms 
Path  Master  and  one  term  Scliool  Director. 

PlunkettWm.  lives  with  niece;  Sec.  27;  P. 
O.  Durand. 

Powers  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Putman  Henry,  farmer ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.O.Laona. 

ANDALL  FREMONT,  son  of  Wm.; 
P.  O.  Laona. 

Randall  Wm.  farmer;   Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Laona. 

Randall  Wm.,  Jr.,  farm ;  Sec.  32 ;  P.O.Laona. 

Ripley  Chas.  lives  with  mother;  Sec.  4;  P. 
O.  Laona. 

Ripley  E.  D.  farms  for  mother ;  Sec.  4 ;  P. 
O.  Laona. 

Robinson  W.  H.  farm;  Sec.  36;  P.O.Durand. 

Rosenkruns  C.  A.  blacksmith ;  Sec.  33 ;  P.O. 
Laona. 

Rowley  M.  E.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Laona. 

RUSSEIi  DEXTEK,  Farmer  and 
Mason;  P.  O.  Durand;  born  Aug.  22, 1841, 
in  Cattaraugus  Co.,  N.Y.;  came  lo  this  Co. 
in  1857 ;  married  in  1853  to  Hannah  Sweet ; 
she  was  born  in  Tcmkins  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  died 
in  1861),  leaving  two  children:  Alice,  aged 
20,  and  Harriet,  aged  18;  Mr.  Russel  was 
in  the  army  3  years ;  Baptist  preferred ; 
Republican. 

SACKET  R.  J.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Du- 
rand. 
Sammon  J.  rents  farm ;  Sec.  23 ;  P.O.Durand. 
Selden  E.  A.  farmer;  Sec.  31 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Shorb  H.  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Durand. 


R 


634 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY  DIRECTORY: 


Smith  A.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Smith  C.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Smith  Clerk,  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Smith  F.  P.  farmer;  Sec.  34;   P.  O.  Durand. 
Straw  Jesse,  farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Durand. 

TALLACKSON  OLE,  farmer;   Sec.  35; 
P.  O.  Durand. 
Tyler  J.  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

VISI&AR  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  26;   P.  O. 
Durand. 

WALLAR  B.  F.  farmer  and  schoolteach- 
er ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.  O.  Laona. 
Wallar  F.  P.  laborer;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Wallar  G.  E.  farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Wallar  Geo.,  Jr.,  rents  farm;  Sec.  36;   P.  O. 

Durand. 
Wallar  R.  P.  renter;  Sec.  3;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Wallar  W.  H.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.Durand. 
Wallar  W.  L.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Warner  J.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Durand. 
Webster  Carr,  works  father's  farm  Sec.  3; 

P.  O.  Durand. 


WEBSTER  BIE:SfZI,  Farmer;  P. 
O.  Durand;  owns  207  acres  land,  valued 
at  $8,000;  born  in  1887,  in  Wyoming  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1844;  married 
in  1867  to  Henrietta  Van  Sickle ;  she  was 
born  in  N.  J.,  in  1841;  have  one  child, 
Phoebe  P.,  aged  five  years ;  Mr.  Webster 
has  been  Assessor,  and  is  now  Justice  of 
the  Peace;  Episcopalian  preferred;  Re- 
publican. 

Webster  Solomon,  farm ;  S.  2 ;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Webster  T.  W.  cattle  dealer;  Sec.  3;  P.  O. 
Durand. 

Welch  Edmund,  farm ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.O.  Durand. 

Welch  Jas.  lives  with  father ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O 
Durand. 

Welch  Pat.  farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.O.  Durand. 

Wentworth  H.  laborer;  S.  36;  P.  O.  Durand. 

Wever  Carlos,  renter;  Sec.  6;  P.O.  Durand. 

OUNG  DAVID,  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O. 
Laona. 

Young  Jacob,  farmer;  Sec.  35 ;  P.O.  Durand. 
Young  Oi-son,  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.O.  Durand. 

ZIMMERMAN   GEO.  farmer;    Sec.  29; 
P.  O.  Laona. 


Y 


WINNEBAGO    TOWNSHIP. 


635 


WINNEBAGO  TOWNSHIP. 


A 


DES  GEO.  laborer;  Winnebairo. 


Adams  John,  Methodist  Pastor ;  Winnebago. 

AliKXAXDER    DAVID    B.    Dry 

Goods,  Boots  and  Shoes,  etc.;  Winnebago; 
was  born  in  Mitttin  Co.,  Pa.,  July  27, 
1838;  at  21,  he  came  West,  stopping  in 
Fairfield,  Iowa,  1  year,  when  he  returned 
to  the  oil  regions  in  Pa.,  where,  like  many 
others,  in  1860,  he  was  immensely  rich 
and  then  very  poor;  his  ups  and  downs 
in  this  region  would  fill  pages,  so  we 
hastily  pass  them,  and  find  him  next  in 
the  South,  with  E.  C.  Randolph  tfc  Co., 
Land  Agents;  after  working  for  this  firm, 
came  to  this  Co.,  working  in  Rockford,  in 
1868,  after  which  he  moved  to  this  village, 
where  he  is  doing  a  good  business;  mar- 
ried Eunice  M.  Ray,  Nov.,  1870;  she  was 
born  in  Licking  Co.,  Ohio. 

AL,  WORTH  RUBE]!lf,  Retired  Farm- 
er; Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  was  born 
in  Sullivan,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  14, 
1814 ;  at  the  age  of  16,  he  left  home,  work- 
ing by  the  month  summers,  and  going  to 
school  winters  for  7  years;  about  this  time, 
he  married,  and  bought  60  acres  land,  con- 
tinuing on  the  same  until  1843,  when  he 
started  for  the  West,  ma  Erie  Canal,  to 
Buffalo,  and  Cleveland,  Ohio,  where  he 
remained  until  the  following  spring,  when 
he  came  to  this  Co.,  arriving  May  25, 
1844;  after  working  out  for  2  years,  he 
pre-empted  160  acres  land,  which  he  still 
owns;  has  been  Post  Master,  School 
Director,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  for 
many  years;  is  one  of  the  most  infiuential 
men  in  the  Co.;  married  Martha  Bellows, 
Sept.  14,  1873;  she  was  born  in  Union- 
ville,  Georgia  Co.,  Ohio,  Dec.  28,  1824. 

ANDERSON  DAVID  J.  Farmer; 
Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Elida;  owns  80  acres  land; 
learned  tlie  Blacksmith's  trade,  which  he 
followed  many  years;  he  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1850,  bringing  with  him  his  widowed 
mother  and  her  children;  he  is  the  oldest 
son  of  John  Anderson,  who  died  in  June, 
1850;  Mr.  Anderson  did  not  have  the 
"lightning  express"  of  our  day  to  bring 
him  West,  but  came  by  water,  via  N.  Y., 
Albany,  Buffalo,  Detroit,  and  Chicago, 
taking  as  many  weeks  as  it  would  days 
now;  elegant  buildings  adorn  his  farm,  a 
home  of  happiness  and  comfort,  where 
love  and  contentment  reign  supreme; 
married  Elizabeth  Forrester,  who  was 
born  in  Upper  Augusta,  Northumberland 
Co.,  Pa.;  Nellie  E.,  born  Dec.  23,  1869, 
and  died  Jan.  4,  1873;  Gertrude,  born 
June  20,  1874,  is  the  only  child. 

ANDERSON  HENRY  M.  Farmer 
and  Stock    Dealer;    P.  O.    Winnebago; 


born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  May 
8,  1838;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1850, 
purchasing  1413-^  acres  land  in  Sec. 
30;  married  Ancia  A.  Conger,  March  30, 

;  she  was  born  in  Wayne  Co.,  N.  Y., 

Oct.  5,  1850;  she  is  a  niece  of  David  Con- 
ner, of  LaSalle  Co.,  and  a  cousin  to  Col. 
Morril,  of  same  Co. ;  Mr.  Anderson  fol- 
lowed sailing  1  year,  after  which  he  turned 
his  attention  to  farming,  and  buying 
horses  and  stock,  disposing  of  them  botli 
in  Eastern  and  Western  markets;  was  a 
member  of  17th  L  V.  C,  commanded  by 
Col.  Beveridge;  received  an  honorable 
discharge  at  Ft.  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  in 
1865;  Guy,  their  oldest  child,  was  born 
July  16,  1871,  died  Dec.  25,  1873 ;  Sarah 
E.,  March  13,  1873,  is  the  only  child 
living. 

ARMSTRONG  J  AS.  Farmer;  Sec.  7; 
P.O.Winnebago;  born  in  Huntingdon  Co., 
Pa.,  March  18,  1838;  when  twenty  years 
old  he  left  home,  coming  to  this  Co., 
where  he  commenced  life  by  working  on 
a  farm,  at  $14  per  month,  for  four  years; 
on  Aug.  15,  1862,  he  married  Margaret 
Meredith,  who  was  born  in  Perry  Co.,  Pa., 
July  17,  1838;  rented  farms  for  six  years; 
after  which  he  bought  their  present  home, 
of  87  acres,  which  is  worth  $80  per  acre ; 
building  substantial  buildings  and 
making  other  improvements ;  Lulu,  Rob- 
ert, and  Maud,  are  iheir  children. 

BALDWIN     ISAAC,     laborer;     Winne- 
bago. 

BANGS  CI.ARENDON,  Farmer 
and  Seaman ;  Sec.  35 ;  son-in-law  of  T.  B. 
Hoyt;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Boston, 
Dec.  20,  1853;  married  Maiy  Josephine 
Hoyt,  May  2,  1876 ;  she  was  born  in  this 
Co.,  May  2,  1856;  their  only  son,  William 
Hoyt,  was  born  July  29,  1877;  Mr.  Bangs 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1870;  he  is  a  seaman 
of  no  ordinary  ability;  commenced  before 
the  mast,  and  was  raised  to  the  important 
position  of  Master;  at  the  request  of  his 
father  and  the  influence  of  his  devoted 
wife,  he  abandoned  seafaring  and  took  to 
farming. 

BARKER  ADDISOX  S.  Farmer 
and  Slock  Raiser;  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Elida; 
born  in  Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  21, 
1821;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1865;  Republi- 
can; Baptist;  owns  110  acres  of  land, 
worth  $70  per  acre ;  married  Eliza  J.  Kid- 
der, in  1851;  she  died  in  1865;  had  three 
children,  Henry  H.,  Clarence  H.,  Freddy 
B. ;  married  Christiana  Davis,  born  in 
Canada,  May  29,  1830;  two  children.  Let- 
tie  M.,  Rosina  E.;  Mrs.  Barker's  father, 
Robert  Davis,  took  an  active  part  as  one 
of  the  Reformers  in  the  Patriot  War  in 
Canada. 


636 


WlisriSTEBAGO   COtJNTY   DIRECTOftlr: 


Baker  Henry,  laborer;  Winnebago. 

BARRACK  A^fDREW  J.  Farmer 
and  Carpenter;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Elida; 
rents  his  father-in-law's — John  Swartz — 
farm ;  born  in  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  5,  1843 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1871 ;  married  Cathe- 
rine Swartz,  Dec.  3,  1871 ;  she  was  born  in 
Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  28,  1859 ;  Mr.  Barraclc 
enlisted  in  the  37th  Penn.  V.  I.,  serving  9 
months;  re-enlisted  in  the  208th  Penn.  V. 
I.  remaining  until  the  close  of  the  war ; 
was  actively  engaged  in  the  battles  at 
Petersburg,  Fort  Stedman,  Five  Forks, 
and  Gettysburg ;  after  the  war  Mr.  B.  took 
an  extended  trip  throughout  the  West, 
looking  at  the  land  in  Michigan,  Missouri, 
Nebraska,  and  111. ;  the  beautiful  Prairie 
State  won  him  as  one  of  her  subjects. 

BARTOJi  R0BIXS0:N  %V.  Weaver; 
Winnebago;  born  in  Tioga  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Sept.  3,  1845 ;  when  only  16  years  old  he 
enlisted  in  the  I09th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  at  the 
commencement  of  the  war,  serving  until 
its  close ;  he  was  tliree  times  wounded, 
and  taken  prisoner  at  Petersburg,  July  30, 
1864 ;  incarcerated  in  the  Danville  prison 
three  months,  when  he  was  paroled  and 
returned  to  his  regiment,  completing  his 
time  in  the  service  of  his  country;  in  1872 
he  removed  to  Big  Rapids,  Mich.,  remain- 
ing until  1874 ;  when  he  removed  to  Win- 
nebago ;  has  held  the  office  of  Town  Col- 
lector; married  M.  M.  Hills,  Dec.  25, 
1871 ;  she  was  born  in  Tioga  Co.,  N.  Y,. 
Feb.  8,  1850. 

BEATSON  JOHJr  MV.  Farmer;  Sec. 
28;  P.  O.  Elida;  born  in  Scotland,  April 
20,  1839 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1843 ;  owns 
120  acres  land,  valued  at  $70  per  acre;  has 
been  Collector  of  Burritt  Tp. ;  married 
Jennie  E.  Van  Alstyne,  Dec.  14,  1865;  she 
was  born  in  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct. 
16,  1846;  have  three  children,  Rosilla, 
Daisy  and  Maud ;  served  three  and  one 
half  years  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  commanded  by 
Col.  Jason  Marsh,  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged ;  is  a  Republican  and  Presbyterian. 

Beebe  Geo.  H.  sewing  machine  agent;  Win- 
nebago. 

Beecher  C.R.renter ;  Sec.l9 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

BEECHEB  RANSOM,  Farmer; 
Sec.  24;  P.O.  Rockford;  born  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Vt.,  May  22,  1821;  married 
Sarah  A.  Drake,  March  12,  1844;  born  in 
Rutland  Co.,  Vt.,  June  4,  1820;  have  two 
children,  Editha  and  Inez  E. ;  Mr.  Beecher 
came  to  Kendall  Co.  at  an  early  day,  tak- 
ing up  government  land ;  has  hauled  wheat 
to  Chicago ;  lived  there  seven  years ;  sold 
out  and  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854 ;  he  now 
owns  202  acres  of  fine  farming  land. 

BE:NHAM  ALA^fSOX  J.  Farmer; 
Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Onon- 
daga Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  2,  1814;  he  came  to 
this  Co.  with  his  lather,  who  settled  there 
from  N.  J. ;  his  mother  died  when  he  was 


eight  years  of  age,  and  he  was  obliged  to 
leave  home  for  a  time,  after,  which  his 
father  was  again  married,  when  he  re- 
turned home,  moving  with  his  parents  to 
Cayuga  and  Tompkins  Counties ;  at  the 
age  of  21,  he  started  out  for  himself,  by 
working  by  the  month;  while  engaged  in 
this  occupation,  he  was  married  to  Maria 

0.  Farrell,  Jan.  8,  1837;  she  was  born  in 
Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  12,  1816;  he 
then  moved  to  Canandaigua,  Cayuga,  On- 
ondaga and  Tompkins  Counties;  at  the 
latter  place,  he  bought  his  first  farm,  of  20 
acres ;  sold  out  and  went  to  Cayuga  Co. ; 
bought  101  acres  of  land ;  sold  again,  and 
moved  to  Scipio,  and  from  there  to  Barry 
Co  ,  Mich.,  residing  there  14  years,  when 
he  removed  to  this  Co.  in  1868,  buying  his 
present  home  of  55  acres. 

BENHAM  OEO.  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  5; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Aurelius,  Cay- 
uga Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  5, 1839;  the  history  in 
this  book,  of  A.  J.  Benliam,  his  father, 
will  indicate  where  he  lived  until  he  ar- 
rived at  the  age  of  24,  at  which  time  he 
married  Elizabeth  Dickerson,  Nov.  14, 
1863;  she  was  born  in  New  York  city, 
Nov.  29,  1840;  with  his  young  wife,  lie 
moved  to  Rutland,  Mich.,  where  he  pur- 
chased 80  acres  of  land  and  improved  it 
from  a  wild  state;  sold  out  and  rented  for 
two  years,  when  he  moved  to  this  Co.  m 
Feb.,  18 — ,  buying  80  acres  of  land  where 
he  now  resides ;  is  one  of  our  best  men 
and  farmers  in  this  Co. 

BICKFORD     ADBISOIV     W. 

Farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born 
in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  1,  1845 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  Feb.,  1868;  owns  150  acres 
land;  married  Susie  M.  Dickey,  Jan.  13, 
1873 ;  Florence  May  and  Cora  Alice  are  the 
names  of  their  children ;  Mrs.  B.  was  born 
in  Orange  Co.,  Vt.,  March  9,  1852;  her 
father  was  an  old  settler  of  that  Co. ;  IMr. 
B.  first  came  to  Burritt  in  this  Co.,  resid- 
ing there  five  years,  when  he  removed  to 
his  present  location. 

Billsborough  L.  retired  farmer;  P.  O.  Win- 
nebago. 

Bird  Frank,  laborer ;  Winnebago. 

Bird  Joseph,  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Elida. 

Bird  T.  W.  farm;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

BIRKITT  SMITH,  Farmer;  Sec.  9; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Alvingham, 
Lincolnshire,  England,  July  21,  1834;  in 
May,  1854,  he  came  to  Canada,  where  he 
was  engaged  in  shoemaking  and  other 
business  until  April,  1857,  when  he  came 
to  this  Co. ;  although  but  four  years  in 
America,  his  principles  of  equity  and  jus- 
tice were  so  inherent,  and  a  patriotic 
devotion  to  his  adopted  country,  prompted 
him  to  be  among  the  first  to  ofler  himself 
in    her  service,   enlisting  in  Co.  G,   45th 

1.  V.  I.,  Sept.  17,  1861;  was  engaged  in  the 
battles    of   Donaldson,    Shiloh,  siege  'of 


WINNEBAGO   T0WN8ITIP. 


637 


Corinth,  Vicksburg  and  Juckson,  Tcnn. ; 
lionorably  discharged  in  Chicago,  July  20, 
18G5 ;  married,  Oct.  3,  18()G,  to  Nettie  Bird, 
who  was  born  in  North  East,  Erie  Co.,  Pa., 
May  17,  1848 ;  one  son,  John  W. 

BirtchJohu,  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Elida. 

Bouton  G.  renter;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

BOUTON  JOHX  D.  Farmer  and 
Carpenter;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Winnebago; 
born  in  Conn.,  Sept.  8,  1808;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1865 ;  married  Betsj^  Wheeler  in 
1830;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  Sept.  8, 1810; 
they  have  six  children;  their  daughter 
Emma  is  the  only  one  residing  with  her 
parents ;  Mr.  Bouton  lost  a  good  fiirm  on 
account  of  its  title,  and  has  since  pur- 
chased 35  acres  which  he  has  improved, 
and  values  it  at  $100  an  acre. 

Braddock  J.  S.  Presb.  minister ;  P.  O.  Elida. 

Bridgemau  H.  A.  renter;  Sec.  36;  P.  O. 
Rockford. 

Briggs  A.  farm ;  Sec.  24 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Briggs  B.  W.  farm ;  Sec.  34 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Briggs  C.  R.  farm ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

BRIGGIS  GliEASOX  F.  Retired 
Farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.O.Winnebago;  born 
in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1825 ;  in  1838  he 
came  to  this  Co.  with  his  parents,  via 
Dixon,  Grand  De  Tour  and  Doysville; 
Mr.  Briggs  commenced  the  struggle  of 
life  alone,  by  working  by  the  month  at  a 
time  when  this  Co.  was  thinly  inhabited; 
he  followed  this  occupation  three  years, 
and  when  the  public  lands  came  into  mar- 
ket in  1840  he  bought  40  acres  from  his 
earnings ;  from  this  start  he  has  gradually 
grown  in  wealth,  until  he  now  owns  120 
acres  of  land,  and  30  acres  in  this  village; 
married  Rebecca  A.  Hunt,  March  20, 1866 ; 
she  was  born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J., 
Oct.  17,  1835. 

Broodrick  J.  farm ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Brown  Fred,  farm;  Sec.  16; P.O.Winnebago. 

Brown  Fred,  farm  laborer;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Bunn  J.  E.  farmer ;  Sec.  22;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Burdick  Henry,  laborer;  Winnebago. 

CA:Si'5riFORD  ^VIIililAM  E. 
Manufacturer  of  Pumps  and  Wind 
Mills;  Winnebago;  born  in  Ottery,  St. 
Mary,  Devonshire,  England,  Feb.  7,  1836; 
moved  with  his  parents,  when  four  years 
old,  to  Ebrington,  Gloucestershire,  Eng. ; 
about  1853  he  was  apprenticed  to  learn  the 
carpenter  and  joiner's  trade;  at  the  age  of 
31,  his  apprenticeship  expiring,  he  went 
to  London,  remaining  there  until  1857, 
when  he  came  to  Ottawa,  Canada,  work- 
ing at  his  trade  until  the  fall  of  1858, 
when  he  came  to  Whitewater,  Wis.;  in 
May,  1859,  returned  to  London,  taking 
passage  on  the  City  of  Bitltimore;  here  in 
Sept.  14, 1862,  be  married  Mary  Ann  Gard- 
ner, of  King's  Lynn,  Norfolkshire,  Eng.; 
again  in  Oct.  22,  1863,  lie  came  via  Liver- 


pool and  Quebec  to  Chicago;  in  May  5, 
1863,  he  came  to  Rockford,  where  they  re- 
mained until  Feb.  1871,  wlien  they  moved 
to  Winnebago;  engaged  in  his  present 
business;  has  three  children,  Lizzie,  Wil- 
liam J.  and  Adah. 

€OI.K]?lA:Sf  AI.EXAKDKR,  Farm- 
er;  Sec.  31;  P.O.  Winnebago;  born  in 
Ireland  in  1825;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1864; 
owns  100  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $7,000; 
married  Catherine  Anderson,  Sept.  9, 1875; 
she  was  born  in  N.  J.  in  April,  1824; 
Amanda  Anderson  is  Mrs.  Coleman's  only 
daughter,  who  was  born  March  22,  1860 ; 
John  Coleman,  son  of  Mr.  Coleman,  was 
born  July  16,  1859;  Mrs.  Coleman  can 
date  her  residence  iu  this  Co.  36  years  ago. 

Comstock  Frank,  laborer;  Wmnebago. 

Comstock  Thos.  shoemaker ;  Winnebago. 

COOIilDGE  FREEDOM,  Farmer; 
Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Oxford, 
now  Androscoggin  Co.,  Me.,  May  13, 1830, 
residing  there  with  his  parents  until  the 
year  1845,  when  he  emigrated  to  this  Co., 
where  he  married,  March  13,  1863,  Au- 
gusta J.  Woods,  who  was  born  inMidston, 
Vt.,  Feb.  21, 1838 ;  Mrs.  C,  before  marriage, 
was  identified  dn  the  educational  interests 
of  the  country,  having  taught  school  eight 
years,  and  four  years  iu  this  Co.;  Mr. 
Coolidge  commenced  in  this  Co.  by  work- 
ing by  the  month,  and  now  owns  a  farm 
of  220  acres,  on  which  he  has  made  all  the 
improvements ;  Aaron  Coolidge,  aged  84, 
and  his  mother,  aged  81,  have  resided  with 
him  the  past  18  years;  Clarence,  Edwin, 
Lei ia,  are  his  children;  has  been  School 
Director  of  his  district  for  several  years. 

COPEIvAND  PHII.ANDER,  M. 

D.,  Physician  and  Surgeon;  Winnebago; 
born  in  Plymouth  Co.,  Mass.,  March  6, 
1817;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1853;  married 
Louisa  Watkius,  Sept.  6,  1836 ;  she  was 
born  in  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y.,May  16, 1816; 
Mr.  C.  and  his  father  could  not  agree  rela- 
tive to  his  future  pursuit  in  life;  couse- 
(luently  he  left  home  at  the  age  of  17,  with 
one  suit  of  clothes  and  .$5,  with  a  deter- 
mination to  educate  himself  for  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine;  he  passed  through  many 
dark  hours,  but  subse((uently  graduated  at 
the  State  University  of  Michigan;  he  is 
the  oldest  Homo-'opathic  Pliysician  botji 
in  years  and  residence  in  the  Co.;  has  rode 
over  the  prairie  through  rain,  night  and 
day,  never  being  idle,  and  has  not  seen  a 
sick  day  in  40  years ;  he  lias  contributed 
to  the  erection  of  all  the  churches  in  the 
village,  and  all  the  public  improvements; 
his  religious  and  moral  <|ualities  are 
highly  spoken  of  by  his  neighbors. 
CORL.  HEXRY  W.  Justice  of  Peace; 
Winnebago;  born  June 30,  1839,  in  Union 
Co.,  Pa.:  when  he  was  7  years  of  age  his 
father  died,  and  his  mother  married  again ; 
he  came  to  Frecport  with  his  parents,  in 
1854,  and  the  following  year  was  appren- 


638 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


ticed  to  a  harness  maker,  at  Monroe,  Wis. ; 
the  burning  of  the  establishment  throw- 
ing him  out  of  employment,  he  returned 
to  Freeport,  where  he  completed  his  trade, 
remaining  there  4  years;  after  a  year's 
work  at  Polo,  he  began  business  at  Rock 
Grove,  remaining  there  until  March  or 
April,  1863 ;  enlisted  in  Co.  B,  46th  I.  V.  I., 
doing  good  service  until  the  close  of  the 
war ;  returned  to  Rock  Grove,  and  began 
business  again,  which  he  continued  2 
years,  then  3  years  selling  dry  goods  with 
Mr.  Cramer,  and  came  to  this  Co.  in  1873 ; 
married  Edith  R.  Seebold,  Oct.  7,  1869; 
she  was  born  in  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  14, 
1845. 

CORIi  JAMES  O.  Member  of  the 
firm  of  Corl  &  Marston;  Winnebago; 
born  in  Centre  Furnice,  Centre  Co.,  Pa., 
June  21,  1856;  came  to  this  Co.,  April  7, 
1869 ;  married  Miss  Fannie  Brown,  May 
8,  1877 ;  she  was  born  in  St.  Clair,  Schuyl- 
kill Co.,  Pa.,  May  5,  1858;  Mr.  C.  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Oakhall  and  Bowls- 
burg,  and  from  the  latter  place  to  this  Co. ; 
Messrs.  Corl  and  Marston  are  the  only 
Manufacturers  of  and  Dealers  in  Harness, 
Saddles  and  Collars  in  Winnebago ;  they 
are  honest,  prompt  business  men,  whom 
the  people  respect  and  patronize. 

CORIi  JOSEPH,  Blacksmith;  Win- 
nebago ;  one  of  the  firm  of  J.  &  N.  Corl ; 
was  born  in  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  March  2, 
1835;  his  father  died  when  he  was  12 
years  old,  when  he  went  to  Centre  Co., 
Pa.,  working  on  a  farm  1  year ;  returned 
to  his  native  Co.,  learning  his  present 
trade  with  his  brother;  worked  on  a  farm 
and  then  rented  farm  until  1857,  when  he 
started  for  the  West,  arriving  in  Freeport 
the  same  year ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1858, 
where  he  has  been  a  very  successful  man ; 
married  Harriet  Porter,  Oct.,  1860;  she 
was  born  in  Huntington  Co.,  Pa.;  they 
have  three  children. 

CORL.  XATHAHf,  Carriage  Manu- 
facturer; Winnebago;  a  member  of  the 
firm  of  J.  &  N.  Corl ;  born  in  Union  Co., 
Pa.,  Feb.  8,  1823;  at  the  age  of  22,  he 
commenced  business  on  his  own  account 
by  starting  a  wood  shop  adjoining'  his 
father's  blacksmith  shop,  continuing  in 
this  place  and  at  this  trade  until  the  death 
of  his  father,  when  he  lived  on  the  home 
farm  until  it  was  sold,  when  he  moved  to 
this  Co.,  in  1869,  where  he  has  been  en- 
gaged in  his  present  business;  married 
Caroline  Swarm,  Nov.  16,  1847;  she  was 
born  in  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  31,  1838; 
they  have  three  children. 

COWEES  HORACE  P.  Retired 
Grain  Dealer;  Winnebago;  born  in  She- 
nango  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  15,  1826;  at  an 
early  period  of  his  existence,  he  went  with 
his  parents  to  Geauga  Co.,  Ohio,  residing 
there  about  18  years,  after  which  he  moved 
with  his  brother  to  Ingh^iQ  Co.,  Mich., 


the  Capital  being  located  at  Lansing  the 
year  following  his  coming  to  this  Co.;  he 
assisted  in  the  survey  of  the  grounds,  and 
in  building  the  capitol  buildings;  at  the 
age  of  23,  he  again  returned  to  Geauga 
Co.,  Ohio,  and  married  Sabrina  L.  Smith, 
July  10,  1849;  she  was  born  in  Geauga 
Co.,  Ohio,  Jan.  13,  1831 ;  he  went  to  Bel- 
videre,  residing  one  year,  when  he  came 
to  this  Co.,  arriving  in  1854;  has  been 
Supervisor  8  years.  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
Town  Clerk  and  Town  Treasurer. 

Craig  Robt.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Elida. 

Cralahan  Michael,  trackman ;  Winnebago. 

Cross  A.  Methodist  pastor;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

CROSS  PHIEIP,  Grocer  and  Attor- 
ney at  Law;  P.O.  Winnebago;  born  in 
Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y..  July  15,1831 ;  when 
two  years  old,  moved  to  Oakland  Co., 
Mich.;  resided  there  12  years;  in  1843  he 
went  to  Genesee  Co.,  Mich.,  where  he  lived 
4  years,  when  he  sought  a  home  in  La 
Peer  Co.,  Mich. ;  in  1852  he  came  to  this 
Co.,  where  he  has  been  engaged  in  his 
professional  work  and  in  mercantile  busi- 
ness; married  Martha  E.  Pulnian ;  she  was 
born  in  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  18, 
1841 ;  Alice  M.,  Francis  J.,  Albert  P.,  Jen- 
nie M.  and  Jessie  R.  are  their  children. 


D 


ALES  WM.  boot  and  shoe  store ;   Win- 
nebago. 

DANIEES  DENXISO.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Rockford; 
born  in  Ireland,  Jan.  18,  1820 ;  owns  80 
acres  land,  valued  at  $5,600;  came  to  this 
country  in  1826,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1844; 
married  for  first  wife  Tirzah  Powell,  and 
for  second,  Sarah  Sharp ;  she  was  born  in 
England,  Jan  28,  1834;  Freddy  N.,  Grace 
and  Duane  are  three  pretty  children ;  Mr. 
D.  commenced  a  poor  man,  and  now  has 
a  good  home. 

Darling  W.  L.  farm  lab;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Darling  Jos.  laborer;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Decota  John,  painter;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Delaney  J.  farmer ;  Sec.  3;   P.  O.  Rockford. 

Delaney  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

DICKEY  AEOK'ZO,  Farmer;  Sec. 
23;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Unity,  N.  H., 
Aug.  11,  1818;  commenced  life  by  trans- 
porting goods  with  team  from  Corinth, 
Vt.,  to  Boston ;  being  a  careful  and  pru- 
dent man,  he  gathered  together  money 
sufficient  to  purchase  a  farm;  sold  out  in 
Feb.,  1869,  and  came  to  this  Co. ;  married 
Mary  A.  Green,  Jan.  1,  1846,  who  was 
born  in  Corinth,  Vt.,  April  15,  1819;  Win- 
throp  G.,  their  second  son,  was  a  commer- 
cial traveler,  and  died  in  Ohio  while  there 
on  business ;  owns  140  acres  land. 

Dickey  G.  B.  resides  with  father. 

Donaldson  Alonzo,  laborer ;  P.  O.  Elida. 

pone  Geo.  R.  laborer;  P,  0.  Winnebago. 


WINNEBAGO   TOWNSHIP. 


639 


Doyle  Thos.  laborer ;  Winuebago. 
Drummond  John,  laborer;  P.O.Winnebago. 
Drummond  S.  laborer ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

EDW^ARDS  HUGH  R.  Farmer; 
Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  Republi- 
can;  owns  120  acres  land;  married  Julia 
C.  Myrick,  in  March,  1864;  born  in  Jeffer- 
son Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  7,  1836 ;  she  is  be- 
loved by  her  fjimily  and  friends  for  her 
intellectual  and  moral  worth;  two  chil- 
dren living:  Edwin  H.,  born  March  12, 
1867 ;  Inez  E.,  Sept.  29,  1868 ;  George  E., 
born  Sept.  17,  1871,  died  Sept.  27,  1873; 
too  much  cannot  be  said  of  Mr.  Edwards' 
army  history,  as  he  was  a  member  of  the 
2d  111.  Cav. ;  that  regiment  being  engaged 
in  all  the  battles  of  the  Tennessee,  among 
which  are  Fort  Henry  and  the  famous 
battle  of  Hawley  Springs,  where  Mr.  E. 
with  others  of  his  regiment  were  sur- 
rounded and  cut  their  way  out ;  it  would 
take  pages  to  tell  all  the  heroic  acts  of  the 
2d  Cav.  under  Grant  and  Ord;  Mr.  E. 
served  four  years  and  six  months. 

ELLIS  JAMES,  Principal  High 
School  Winnebago ;  born  in  Lincolnshire, 
Eng.,  on  the  9th  of  May,  1844;  his  father 
w^as  a  retail  merchant  and  fancy  baker ;  at 
the  age  of  7  James  was  sent  to  the  Wes- 
leyan  Monotorial  School,  at  Winterton, 
where  he  remained  two  years;  in  1853  his 
father  emigrated  with  his  family  to 
America,  and  landed  in  New  York  after  a 
voyage  of  nearly  seven  weeks;  pushing 
West  as  far  as  railroads  were  opened,  they 
arrived  in  Rockford  in  June  of  the  same 
year;  after  remaining  in  Rockford  tw^o 
years  his  father  purchased  a  farm  in 
Boone  Co.,  111.,  to  which  he  and  his  fam- 
ily removed  ;  James  worked  on  this  farm 
and  out  by  the  month  during  the  summer 
seasons,  and  attended  district  school  dur- 
ing the  winters,  until  1862,  w^hen,  at  the 
age  of  18,  he  enlisted  into  the  army,  and 
served  during  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  in 
the  95th  I.  V.  I. ;  after  his  discharge  from 
the  army  he  returned  home,  and  worked 
his  father's  farm  two  years ;  he  then  deter- 
mined to  obtain  a  more  liberal  education, 
and,  in  December,  1867,  entered  the 
Sharon  Normal  and  Scientific  Institute,  at 
Sharon,  Wis. ;  he  pursued  his  studies  vig- 
orously at  Sharon  nearly  three  years,  part 
of  the  time  teaching  to  obtain  necessary 
funds,  and  keeping  up  with  his  classes ;  in 
1870  he  was  appointed  to  the  Principal- 
ship  of  the  Public  School  at  Capron,  111.; 
the  same  year  he  married  Miss  Susan  L. 
Bowman,  of  Leroy,  Boone  Co.,  111. ;  after 
remaining  in  Capron  two  years  he  re- 
signed his  position  and  entered  the  Illinois 
State  Normal  University,  at  Normal,  111., 
as  a  student,  where  he  graduated  in  1875; 
the  same  year  he  was  appointed  Principal 
of  the  Public  School  at  Winnebago,  111., 
where  he  remained  one  year ;  he  then  re- 
moved to  Boone  Co.  for  one  year,  after 


which  he  was  reappointed  to  his  old  posi- 
tion at  Winnebago,  wliere  he  still  remains; 
his  wife,  Susan  L.  B.Ellis,  is  the  daugliter 
of  Benjamin  Bowman,  one  of  the  first  sct^ 
tiers  in  Boone  Co.,  111.;  she  was  born  in 
Leroy,  Boone  Co.,  111.,  June  3,  1851;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Ellis  have  two  children,  girls, 
one  4  and  the  other  2  years  of  age. 

EL.LIS  WILLIAM,  Farmer;  Sec.  15; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Attlebur^, 
Mass.,  June  22,  1808;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1852;  married  Justina  Abbott,  March  30, 
1845;  she  was  born  in  Middlebury  Co., 
April  27,  1828;  Mr.  Ellis,  at  16,  left  home 
and  learned  the  jewelry  business,  after 
which  he  took  up  the  machinist  trade; 
was  next  engaged  in  business,  with  his 
brothers,  in  the  buckle  and  button  trade, 
wiiich  he  left  and  came  to  this  Co.  and 
bought  80  acres  land ;  the  names  of  their 
children  are  as  follows:  Francis  E.,  Ade- 
laide J.,  Elder  T.,  Harriet  A.,  Frank  H., 
Fred.  W.,  and  George  Burdett. 

Edston  E.  H.  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 
Elston  W.  A.,  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

FALCONER  ALEXANDER, renter; Sec. 
14;  P.  O.Winnebago. 

FALC0:KER  JAMES,  Farmer;  Sec. 
15;  P.O.Winnebago;  born  in  Scotland, 
June  29,  1838;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1848; 
Republican ;  owns  70  acres  land,  valued  at 
$5,000;  married  Esther  Elliott,  Dec.  19, 
1867;  she  was  born  in  Winnebago  Co., 
Dec.  1,  1847;  John,  Charley,  Robert,  Will- 
iam, Freddie,  Esther,  Ellen,  are  the  names 
of  their  children. 

FALCOTITER  ROBERT.  Farmer; 
Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Scot- 
land, Feb.  1,  1832;  came  to  this  Co.  with 
his  father  in  1848;  when  they  first  came  to 
this  Co.  his  father  worked  land  on  shares 
in  the  town  of  Rockford,  until  the  year 
1855,  when  he  bought  the  80  acres  of  land 
Robert  now  owns;"  Feb.  1,  1876.  Robert 
married  Anna  Ross,  who  was  born  in 
Scotland,  July  27,  1853;  tliev  have  one 
bright  little  boj-,  Robert  Hugh ;  Mr.  Fal- 
coner's father  died  Jan.  8,  1867,  and  Mrs. 
Falconer,  a  good  old  pioneer  lady,  lives 
with  her  son. 

FAlTLKI^rER  JOHX,  Retired  Farm- 
er; Winnebago;  born  in  England,  Dec.  11, 
1812;  married  Mary  Read,  Oct.  14,  1831 ; 
she  was  born  in  Bedfordshire,  Eng.,  Sept. 
10,  1814;  they  resided  in  their  native  shire 
until  1848,  when  they  came  to  this  Co., 
buying  a  farm  in  this  township,  where 
they  resided  until  23  years  ago,  when  they 
moved  to  this  village ;  have  raised  a  family 
of  eleven  children. 

Faulkner  John,  Jr.,  laborer;  Winnebago. 

Faulkner  Saui'l,  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Fish  W. farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Folsom  C,  H.  mason ;  P,  O.  Winnebago, 


640 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTORY: 


Francis  J.  renter ;  Sec.  4 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

FKEAR  ABS&AM,  Deputy  Sheriff; 
Winnebago;  born  in  Oswego,  Tioga  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Jan.  9,  18B5;  at  tlie  age  of  32  lie 
left  his  native  state,  coming  to  Winnebago, 
in  1858 ;  the  same  year  he  went  to  Pike's 
Peak,  returning  the  same  fall ;  Feb.  28, 
1861,  he  was  married  to  Elida  E.  Schoou- 
maker;  she  was  born  in  Esperauce,  Scho- 
harie Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  1,  1842;  during  the 
19  years  Mr.  Frear  has  lived  in  this  Co. 
he  has  taken  an  active  part  in  her  interests, 
both  social  and  political,  having  been  an 
honored  and  efficient  officer  nine  years. 

GARDNER  REV.  THEO.  A.  Congrega- 
tional Pastor;  Winnebago. 

GAK»K"ER  RICHABB,  Farmer; 
Sec.  15 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born  in  Eng- 
land, Nov.  29,  1822,  crossing  the  Atlantic 
in  1831,  with  his  parents;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1849 ;  remained  3  years ;  removing  to 
LaFayette  °  Co.,  Wis.,  he  remained  14 
years ;  then  returned  to  his  present  farm  of 
159  acres;  married  Abigail  C.  Swezey,  in 
1846 ;  she  was  born  in  Norway,  Herkimer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  23,  1825 ;  Mr.  G.  owns 
one  of  the  finest  farms  in  this  Tp. 

Gartock  John,  laborer ;  Elida. 

Gearhart  W.  R.  physician  and  Post  Master ; 
Winnebago. 

Gillett  Thomas,  laborer ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

OOI>DARI>  J.  M.  Farmer  and  School 
Teacher;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born 
in  Franklin  Co.,  Vt.,  July  7,  1823 ;  came 
to  Freeport,  111.,  July  7,  1841,  and  removed 
to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  owns  80  acres  of  land, 
about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  southwest  from 
Winnebago;  he  is  a  pioneer  School 
Teacher,  and  labors  to  promote  the  cause 
of  learning;  has  been  Principal  of  the 
High  School  in  Winnebago  and  other 
schools  in  the  Co.  for  9  years,  and  has 
been  teaching  38  years ;  is  a  Republican 
and  Presbyterian;  held  the  offices  of 
School  Director  and  Superintendent  of 
Sabbath  School ;  married  Mary  Blodgett, 
Sept.  10,  1862;  they  have  two  sons  and 
one  daughter,  Charles  Edwin,  Henry 
Newel,  and  Mary  Alice. 

Goodrich  N.  W.  clerk ;  Winnebago. 

GORHAM  ORAl^GE  R.  Farmer; 
Sec.  17 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born  in  Pitts- 
ford,  Vt.i  July  13,  1837 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1846 ;  he  is  a  cousin  to  the  great  in- 
ventor, M.  L.  Gorham;  Orange  com- 
menced by  working  land  on  shares  in 
this  Co. ;  he  has  owned  several  farms, 
which  he  has  conducted  successfully ;  he 
is  now  the  Business  Manager  of  the  estate 
of  M.  L.  Gorham ;  being  one  of  the  old 
settlers  of  this  Co.  and  an  honorable  man, 
he  is  highly  spoken  of  by  his  neighbors ; 
married  Mary  McDowell,  March  11,  1863; 
she  was  born  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  Sept. 
19. 1839. 


ORIPPElf    BEMUS    W.    Retired 

Farmer ;  Winnebago ;  was  born  in  Wood- 
stock, Madison  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  13,  1806; 
and  is  one  of  the  solid  men  of  this  Co. ; 
at  the  age  of  21,  he  left  home,  his  father 
then  residing  in  Oneida  Co. ;  residing  on 
one  piece  of  land  for  16  years,  when,  like 
other  energetic  men,  he  came  to  this  Co., 
via  Erie  Canal  and  the  lakes,  landing  in 
Sheboj^gan,  Wis.,  and  over  land  to  this 
place,  arriving  here  in  1845;  enlisted  as 
First  Lieutenant  in  45th  Regt.  I.  V.  I.,  in 
1861 ;  again  enlisted  as  First  Lieutenant 
in  146th  Regt.  I.  V.  I.,  serving  out  his 
time;  married  for  first  wife  Lydia  Miller, 
born  in  Oneida  Co.,  1803 ;  married  second 
time  Margaret  Wallace,  born  Nov.  18, 
1838,  in  Franklin  Co.,  Ind. 

GRIPPEBf  SPE:Sf€ER  C.  Drug- 
gist; Winnebago;  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  March  24, 1844 ;  came  to  this  Co.  with 
his  parents  in  Sept.,  1845;  at  22  he  com- 
menced life  as  a  farmer,  owning  at  one 
time  a  portion  of  the  home  farm ;  this  he 
sold,  and  in  the  winter  of  1871-2,  clerked 
for  a  Mr.  S  hum  way,  who  w^as  keeping  a 
drug  store  in  this  village ;  this  store  he 
bought.  May  30,  1872;  he  has  a  beautiful 
store,  20x55,  which  is  kept  stocked  with 
a  full  line  of  Drugs,  Druggists'  Sundries, 
Wall  Paper,  Paints  and  Oils;  the  firm  is 
now  Grippen  &  Mellen ;  Mr.  G.  married 
Margaret  Hunter,  in  1865 ;  she  was  born 
in  Shelby  Co.,  Oct.  16,  1844. 

ALL  ALFRED,  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O. 
Elida. 

Hallowell  Joel,  Sec.  26 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

HARRIS  AMOS  C.  Farmer;  Sec. 
10;  P.O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Albany  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  1,  1824;  his  father  having  fif- 
teen children,  was  of  necessity  a  very  poor 
man,  but  the  average  wealth  of  his  chil- 
dren is  estimated  at  $15,000;  Amos  mar- 
ried Mary  J.  Kellogg,  in  1858 ;  she  was 
born  inN.  Y.,  Oct.  i2,  1833;  her  moth- 
er, now  65  years  old,  resides  with  her 
daughter;  Mr.  H.  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1855,  and  worked  in  a  machine  shop 
in  Rockford,  and  by  this  means  col- 
lected together  a  little  money  to  make 
a  payment  on  a  farm;  started  in  life 
poor,  and  is  a  self-made  man;  has  one 
child,  Stewart,  who  is  a  bright  boy. 

Harris  John,  painter;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Hart  Pat.  farm ;  Sec.  10 ;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

HATTON  THOS.  Carpenter ;  Winne- 
bago; born  in  England,  Sept.  16,  1811; 
came  to  this  country  when  quite  j-oung, 
and  resided  in  N.  Y.  until  1838,  when  he 
came  to  Chicago,  residing  there  about 
three  or  four  years ;  in  1841  he  came  to 
this  Co.,  where  he  has  been  following  his 
trade;  married  Angeline  Williams,  Aug. 
13,  1842;  she  was  born  in  Catauraugus 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  28,  1828. 

Hatton  Thos.,  Jr.  laborer ;  Winnebago. 


H 


WINNEBAGO   TOWNSHIP. 


641 


Heart  C.  farmer ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Heart  John,  farmer ;  Sec.  2 ;  P.  O.  Rockford. 
Heuuesey  J.  form;  Sec. 3;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

HOBSON  ED^VARD  B.  Farmer; 
Sec.  20;  P.O.  AVinnebago:  born  in  Can- 
ada, April  11,  1827;  DenTocrat;  owns  130 
acres  land,  valued  at  $10,000;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1843;  married  Cornelia  Ann 
Sclioonmaker,  April  28,  1857;  she  was 
born  Nov.  26,  1837;  Martha  J.,  Mary 
Alice,  Jacentha  M.,  Gitty  M.,  Henry, 
Thomas,  Lillie,  Harry,  Lizzie  L.  and 
Charles  E.  are  the  names  of  their  chil- 
dren; Mr.  Hobson  came  from  Chicago 
with  a  team,  and  is  one  of  the  old  settlers 
of  this  Co. ;  he  has  always  walked  on  the 
platform  of  never  going  into  debt  unless 
he  knows  he  can  pay,  which  has  brought 
him  a  competence  which  few  are  able  to 
enjoy. 

HOIiCO:?IB  OlilVER  T.  Grain 
Dealer;  Winnebago;  born  in  Hartford, 
Conn.,  Dec.  31,  1818;  when  fourteen  j'ears 
old  he  moved  with  his  parents  to  Geauga 
Co.,  Ohio,  and  were  pioneer  settlers  in 
that  Co.;  here  he  lived,  helping  his  father 
clear  a  new  timbered  farm  (marrying  in 
the  meantime  Jerusha  E.  Cowles,  Sept.  6, 
1840 ;  she  was  born  in  Shenango  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Feb.  14,  1815),  until  1851,  when  he 
came  to  this  Co.,  settling  in  Burritt,  buy- 
ing a  farm  of  160  acres;  he  commenced 
here  with  nothing,  mortgaging  his  first 
crop  to  secure  a  payment ;  has  been  en- 
gaged in  the  grain  trade  on  the  Mississippi 
and  in  this  village  several  years. 

HOIvIiENBECK  E.  Farmer;  Sees.  7 
and  8;  P.O.Winnebago;  born  in  Middle- 
burg,  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  7, 1844; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1857;  Republican; 
Coogregationalist;  owns  88  acres  land, 
worth  $6,000 ;  married  Mary  A.  Keep,  in 
1871 ;  two  children,  Wallace  K.  and  Her- 
bert D. ;  during  the  twenty  years  Mr.  Hol- 
lenbeck  has  been  in  this  Co.  he  won  for 
himself  an  enviable  reputation ;  he  holds 
an  ofiice  in  his  church,  which  indicates 
his  honesty  in  Christianity;  Rev.  John 
Keep,  Mrs.  H.'s  father,  is  buried  in  this 
Co.,  and  Mrs.  Keep  resides  with  her 
daughter. 

Hollenbeck  G.  farm;  S.  24;  P.  O.  Rockford. 

HOIiliEXBECK  HEXKY,  Farmer 
and  Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Winne- 
bago; born  in  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mar. 
26,  1814;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857;  owns 
120  acres  land,  valued  at  $8,000 ;  married 
Eve  Zimmer,  in  March,  1836;  she  was 
born  in  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  13, 
1818 ;  they  have  a  family  of  eight  chil- 
dren, one  daughter  residing  in  Cedar 
Rapids,  Iowa. 

HOI.I.EXBECK    JACOB,    JR., 

Farmer ;  Sec.  23 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born 
in  Middleburg,  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct. 
29,  1821 ;  his  father  gave  him  a  farm  in 


the  above  Co.,  where  he  resided  fourteen 
years;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854;  has  been 
School  Director;  married  .Mary  Warner, 
Sept.  10,  1840;  she  was  born  in  "Sclioluiric 
Co.,  Sept.  8,  1821 ;  the  names  of  ihi-ir  ciiil- 
dren  are  as  follows:  George,  Catherine, 
William  H.  (drowned  while  at  .sciiool  in 
IJeloit,  Wis.),  Jacob.  Wei l.s,  Peter.  Frank, 
Anna  E.,  Fred.  J.,  Wyley  S.,  ant!  Jacob  A. 

IIOTifiEXBECK  PETER,  Farmer; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  resides  on  liis  father's 
(Jacob  Hollenbeck)  land;  lie  was  born 
March  13,  1851,  in  Sclioharie  Co.,  N.  Y.; 
came  to  this  Co.  witli  his  fatiier  in  1854; 
Republican;  married  Elmira  Stalford, 
Dec.  15, 1871 ;  slie  was  born  in  Statesburg. 
Clinton  Co.,  N.  J.,  Jan.  24,  1847;  Mr.  H. 
was  three  years  in  the  regular  army,  serv- 
ing in  the  21st,  17th  and  lOtli,  comiiianded 
by  McCook;  Burton,  tlieir  only  child,  was 
born  in  August,  1872. 

Holt  E.  H.  P.  O.Winnebago. 

Holt  G.  W.  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

HOI.T  ^tVILIilAM,  (Deceased;)  bora 
Cherry  Valley,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  12, 
1795,  and  died  May  14,  1876;  at  tiie  age  of 
21,  he  married  Louisa  Vibbard ;  she  was 
born  in  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  when  Mr.  Holt 
was  14  years  old,  his  parents  moved  to 
Buffalo,  buying  a  farm  where  a  portion  of 
that  city  now  stands;  here  he  lived  for  27 
years;  early  in  the  spring  of  1837,  this 
pioneer  started  for  111.,  at  the  season  of  the 
year  when  navigation  was  not  fully 
opened,  and  walked  the  greater  part  of 
the  way  to  Chicago;  paying  his  passage 
to  Dixon  on  the  line  of  stages  then  run- 
ning, he  journeyed  with  them  about  two 
days,  when  the  delaj's  occasioned  b}'  their 
sticking  in  the  mud  disgusted  huu;  he  left 
them,  coming  on  foot,  via  Doysville,  to 
Westfield,  in  this  Co.,  where  his  brother, 
David  A.  Holt,  the  oldest  settler  in  this 
Tp.,  then  lived;  Gerucia  and  Abby  S.  are 
his  daughters;  Elijah  H.  and  Grosvenor 
Williams  are  his  respected  sons,  and  reside 
in  Winnebago. 

HtHIfirHTO:?^  BETHUEL,  Farm- 
er; Sec.  1;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  July  12, 
1808,  in  Boston,  Vt. ;  at  a  very  early  age 
he  moved  to  N.  H.  with  his  lather,  Jona- 
than Houghton,  where  he  lived  until  ten 
years  old,  when  he  went  to  live  with  his 
grandfather,  where  he  remained  until  21 
years  old ;  in  about  five  years  he  moved  to 
Vt.,  living  there  three  years,  when  he 
came  totliis  Co.  in  1836;  was  engaged  in 
the  bakery  business  till  1845,  when  he 
bought  his  present  home  of  194  acres  of 
land;  married  J.  C.  Morgan,  Jan.  28, 1844; 
she  was  born  in  Ireland,  Aug.  1,  1824, 
and  died  Oct.  22,  186!'. 

Houtrhton  Chester,  resides  with  his  father; 
P.O.  Rockford. 

HOYT  TIMOTHY  B.  Sec  33;  P.O. 
Elida;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1830,  settling 


642 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIBBOTOBY: 


in  another  part  of  the  Co.  from  where  he 
now  resides ;  he  is  a  Republican  and  Con- 
gregationalist :  born  in  St.  Albans,  Vt., 
Dec.  26,  1819;  he  started  from  Vt.  at  the 
age  of  15,  driving  a  team  all  the  way  to 
this  Co.  for  a  Mr.  Campbell,  who  died  in 
Ogle  Co.  recently ;  the  hardships  to  be  en- 
dured on  such  a  trip  for  a  boy  of  fifteen 
can  better  be  imagined  than  described ;  in 
1849  he  married  Abigail  Blake,  who  was 
born  in  Georgia,  Vt.,  April  10,  1829 ;  they 
have  six  children,  Jerome  O.,  Casper  W., 
Mary  J.,  Estella  G.,  Hattie  J.  and  Herman 
J. ;  Mr.  Hoyt  has  been  severely  afflict«d 
with  rheumatism  and  suffers  untold  mis- 
eries, but  for  all  that  his  love  of  fun  is  pre- 
vailing; has  a  home  of  145  acres  land. 

Hudson  Arthur,  'resides  with  father,  W. 
Hudson;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Hudson  Horace,  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebngo. 

Hudson  R.  resides  with  father,  W.  Hudson. 

HUDSOII^f  WM.  Farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.O. 
Winnebago;  Democrat;  Methodist;  born 
in  England,  Feb.  11,  1811;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1844;  married  for  his  first  wife 
Martha  Valentine,  in  1831;  she  died  on 
their  way  to  this  country ;  married  Eliza- 
beth Bryant  in  1862,  who  was  born  in 
1836;  Emeline  S.,  their  only  daughter,  is 
a  very  interesting  appearing  girl  of  16; 
Mr.  H.  owns  a  beautiful  farm  of  80  acres, 
valued  at  $7,000. 

HlTJf TER  DAVII>  E.  Retired  Farm- 
er; Winnebago;  born  in  Miami  Co.,  O., 
May  10,  1826;  leaving  home  when  16  years 
old,  he  learned  the  tanners'  trade,  follow- 
ing the  same  3  years,  after  which  he  was 
engaged  in  farming  with  his  brother  until 
at  the  age  of  25,when  he  went  to  California, 
mining  gold  2  years ;  returning  to  his  na- 
tive town,  he  bought  a  farm  and  resided 
on  the  same  until  1868,  when  he  came  to 
this  Co.,  where  he  has  been  forming  and 
other  business;  married  first  time  Sarah  J. 
Erwin,  Feb.  29,  1853;  she  was  born  in 
Tyrone,  Ireland,  July  14,  1829;  married 
second  time  Mary  Mutchm(n-e,  March  8, 
1859 ;  she  was  born  in  Esse.x  Co.,  N.  J., 
Dec.  15,  1824. 

Hunter  J.  G.  carriage  trimmer;  Winnebago. 

Hunter  J.  I.  retired  harness  mkr ;  Winnebago. 

Hunter  P.  farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Hunter  Wm.  farmer ;  Winnebago. 

J  AGGER  NELSON,  laborer,  P.  O.  Win- 
nebago. 
JACKSOX  JOHX  A.  Farmer;  Sec. 
8;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Bath,  Sum- 
m't  Co.,  O.,  June  4,  1843;  when  quite 
young  he  moved  to  Cleveland,  O.,  with  his 
parents,  residing  in  that  city  and  in  East 
Cleveland  13  years  and  9  months ;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1859,  bringing  his  widowed 
mother,  his  brothers  and  sisters,  whom  he 
had  cared  for  since  the  death  of  his  father 
in  1852;  married  Camilla  C.  Lawrence, 


Nov.  16,  1864;  she  was  born  in  Addison, 
Oakland  Co.,  Mich.,  Nov.  23, 1845 ;  moved 
with  her  parents  from  Oxford,  Mich.,  to 
this  Co.,  and  is  the  only  daughter  of  P.  T. 
Lawrence;  Florence  E.  (deceased),  Orin 
P.,  Elva  M. ;  the  last  two  their  living  chil- 
dren. 

JACOBS  CHARIiES  H.  Retired 
Farmer ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born  in  Spaf- 
ford,  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  his  father  was 
born  in  Guilford,  Vt.,  April  24, 1823;  mar- 
ried Cornelia  O.  Farrell;  she  was  born  in 
Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  9,  1E21 ;  Mr. 
Jacobs,  Sr.,  moved  to  Pribble,  N.  Y.,  where 
he  lived  about  six  years,  when  he  moved 
to  Onondaga  Co. ;  married ;  afier  which  he 
entered  the  ministry,  joining  the  Metho- 
dist; in  1856  he  came  to  this  State,  buying 
a  farm  in  Ogle  Co.,  continuing  on  the  same 
two  years,  and  then  came  to  this  Co.,  ar- 
riving in  Dec,  1858;  joining  again  the 
conference,  he  preached  in  Stephenson, 
McHenry  and  Lake  Cos.,  coming  back  to 
this  village,  where  he  died,  Feb.  27,  1874. 

John  J.  M.  agr'l  implements ;  Winnebago. 

JOXE{$  ABRAHAM,  Farmer;  Sec. 
18 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born  in  Canada, 
March  17,  1837:  came  to  this  Co.  in  1852; 
Democrat;  Episcopalian;  owns  80  acres 
land,  valued  at  $6,400;  married  Mary  A. 
Two.  Feb.  22,  1866;  she  was  born  in  Bed- 
fordshire,  Eng.,  June  29,  1829;  Wilber, 
Joel  and  Lillie  are  the  names  of  their  three 
children;  Joel  Two,  Mrs.  Jones'  first  hus- 
band, died  some  years  ago,  leaving  five 
children;  Ada,  aged  18,  and  Catherine  16, 
are  his  two  youngest  daughters. 

JORBAX  JERRIE,  Furniture  Deal- 
er and  Undertaking ;  Winnebago ;  born  in 
Juniata,  Penn.,  July  1,  1830 ;  moved  to 
Ogle  Co.  in  1852,  where  he  lived  four 
years,  and  then  went  to  Kansas,  where  he 
joined  the  John  Brown  expedition,  for 
which  he  was  sentenced  to  State's  prison 
five  years ;  after  serving  six  months  of  the 
time  he,  with  others,  was  released  by  or- 
der of  the  Governor,  when  he  came  to 
Byron,  where  he  enlisted  in  the  8th  I.  V. 
I.,  serving  three  years;  was  wounded  near 
Fairfax ;  in  1869  he  came  to  this  Co. ;  mar- 
ried Ellen  J.  Linn ;  she  was  born  in  Perry 
Co.,  Penn. 


K 


ENNEDY  JOS.  laborer;   P.  O.  Win- 
nebago. 

KERNS  yVM.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser ;  Sec.  22 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born 
in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  7,  1829;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1854;  owns  120  acres  of  land, 
on  which  he  has  erected  good  buildings; 
held  office  of  School  Director;  married 
Sarah  E.  Myers,  Feb.  17,  1859,  who  was 
born  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  January  12, 
1831 ;  her  father  was  an  old  settler  of  Pa.; 
Mr.  Kerns  commenced  life  by  renting 
farms,  but,  with  honesty,  frugality  and 


WINNEBAGO   TOWNSHIP. 


643 


earnest  labor,  has  acqi:ired  a  goodly  com- 
petence. 
Kerr  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  3;jP.  O.  Rockford. 

Phj-sician  aud  Surgeon;  Winnebago; 
born  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  20, 
1849;  married  Josie  McKenzie,  April  19, 
1877;  she  was  born  in  Penn.;  at  the  age 
of  17,  Dr.  Kiester  and  his  father  not  agree- 
ing about  his  education,  he  left  home, 
teaching  in  summers  and  going  to  school 
winters,  until  he  commenced  the  study  of 
medicine,  resulting  in  his  graduating  at 
Jetiersou  Medical  College,  Philadelphia, 
in  1875 ;  has  been  practicing,  since  he 
graduated,  in  Iowa;  he  comes  recom- 
mended by  his  class-mate,  Dr.  Spaulding, 
whose  practice  he  takes  Oct.  17,  1877. 
King  Wiley,  laborer;  Winnebago. 


L 


ANE   FRED,   resides  with   his  father, 
W.  H.  Lane;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

L.A:S[E  WII.I.IAM  H.  Farmer;  Sec. 
9;  P.O.Winnebago;  born  in  Guildhall, 
Essex  Co.,  Vt.,  Jan.  8,  1823;  when  an  in- 
fant his  parents  moved  with  him  to  Lan- 
caster, N.  H.,  w^here  he  lived  19  years; 
buying  his  time  of  his  father,  and  with 
one  suit  of  clothes  and  $60  dollars  he  went 
to  Boston,  working  by  the  month  for  Gov. 
Morton;  here  he  was  married,  to  Emily 
N.  Weare,  on  Sept.  6,  1846 ;  she  was  born 
in  York  Co.,  Maine,  Feb.  25,  1820;  they 
moved  to  Belfast,  Maine,  engaging  in  the 
marble  business  with  his  brother-in-law, 
J.  A.  Farley;  in  the  spring  of  1851  he 
came  West,  via  the  canal  and  lakes,  to 
Chicago,  tirst  settling  and  buying  240 
acres  of  land  in  Grant  Co.,  Wis. ;  in  1855 
he  came  to  this  Co.,  the  year  following 
buying  his  present  farm,  on  which  he  has 
made  all  its  improvements ;  has  six  chil- 
dren. 

liAWREXCE  PORTER  J.  Farm- 
er ;  Sec.  8 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  he,  with  his 
father,  moved  to  Washington,  Macomb 
Co.,  Mich.,  in  1835,  from  Onondasa  Co., 
N.  Y.,  where  he  was  born,  on  Nov.  5, 
1821 ;  he  lived  in  Washington,  Mich., 
until  he  was  21,  when  he  married,  Jan. 
1st,  Martha  M.  Baldwin,  who  was  born  in 
Addison  Co.,  Vt.,  May  14,  1819;  with  his 
young  wife,  moved  to  Addison,  Oakland 
Co.,  Mich.,  residing  there  4  years;  then  in 
Oxford  16  years ;  from  the  latter  place  thej' 
came  to  this  Co.,  arriving  here  and  buying 
their  present  home  of  80  acres  in  1863; 
they  have  but  one  daughter,  who  is  Mrs. 
Camilla  Jackson. 

liAWRENCE  WJI.  E.  Retired 
Farmer;  Winnebago;  born  in  London, 
Eng.,  March  18,  1816;  at  the  age  of  16,  he 
went  to  sea  and  was  engaged  as  a  seaman 
for  three  years ;  in  1835  he  came  to  Amer- 
ica  with  his  parents,  settling  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  where  he  was  married  to  Blanche 
Friend,  April  4,  1837;  she  was  born  in 


Devonshire,  Eug.,  Feb.  14,  1816,  and  was 
one  of  the  passengers  of  the  ill-fated 
"i^Iincrva,"  wliicli  was  wrecked  off  liOiig 
Island  Sound,  in  March.,  1846;  she  was 
saved  by  wreckers;  Mr.  L.  came  from 
Cleveland  to  this  Co.  in  1855,  settling  five 
miles  west  of  Rockford,  where  he  now 
owns  a  good  farm;  have  eight  children; 
Newton,  their  oldest  son,  enlisted  in  the 
74th  L  V.  L 

liEWIS*  I>AVII>  €.  Merchant;  Win- 
nebago;  born  in  Huron  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  4, 
1823;  moved  wheiKjuite  young  to  Detroit, 
Mich. ;  at  the  age  of  10,  he  returned  to 
Huron  Co.,  Ohio,  where  he  remained  until 
he  was  15;  he  went  to  St.  Clair,  Mich., 
where  he  resided  8  years;  in  1845  he  came 
to  this  Co. ;  commenced  life  on  his  own 
account  at  sixteen,  and  has  been  engaged 
in  fishing,  boat  building,  carpentering, 
farming  and  hotel  keeping,  until  he  com- 
mencecl  his  present  business  in  this  vil- 
lage, in  1855;  now  owns  a  first-class  dry 
goods  .store ;  from  a  poor  fisher  boy.  he 
has  risen  to  rank  among  the  wealthiest 
men  in  this  village;  married  LucyBurtch 
in  1843;  she  was  born  in  Canada  West, 
Nov.  23,  1829;  have  two  children,  E. 
Chandler  and  Etta. 

lilGGETT  HEXRY%  Farmer;  rents 
the  Hall  Farm;  Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago; 
born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.;  resided  with  his 
father,  Jacob  Liggett  until  22  years  of  age, 
when  he  worked  the  homestead  one  year ; 
went  to  Byron,  Ogle  Co.,  where  he  resided 
until  the  22d  of  February  last,  whenhe 
came  to  his  present  location;  married 
Martha  Bunn,  Nov.  26,  1874;  she  was 
born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  Sept.  12, 
1854 ;  they  have  two  pretty  children,  Wm. 
B.  and  Lillie  I. 

L.IGGETT  JACOB,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.O.  Wmnebago; 
born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  26,  1823 ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1854 ;  March  27,  1849, 
he  married  Ann  Ayers,  who  was  born  in 
Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  15,  1823;  although 
Mr.  L.  came  to  111.  when  there  were  very 
few  improvements,  he  has  by  industry 
and  careful  management  actiuircd  202 
acres  of  laud;  he  is  a  man  of  sterling 
worth  and  beloved  by  his  neighbors  and 
family;  he  has  eight  children. 

Linn  John  M.,  Presb.  pastor;  Winnebago. 

LUTHER  CHARI.es  D.  Farmer; 
Sec  5;  P.O.  Winnebatco;  born  m  Mill- 
ville,  Mass.,  Aui:.  29,  1851 ;  married  Mary 
L  VanAlstine,  Oct.  18, 1873;  she  was  born 
in  Burritt,  111.,  July  19,  1854;  Mr.  L.  came 
to  this  Co.  with  his  father  in  1857;  first 
settled  in  Rockford  when  he  was  about  6 
years  old,  living  there  al»out  3  j-ears; 
moved  to  Burritt,  residing  there  6  or  7 
years,  when  they  came  to  their  present 
home ;  Louie  H.  and  Alonzo  T.  are  their 
only  children. 


644 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIBECTOKY: 


JLIJTHER  WIIililAME  H.  Retired 
l<'armer;  Winnebago;  born  in  Swansea, 
Bristol  Co.,  Mass.,  July  11,  1811,  moved 
with  bis  parents  to  Attleboro,  and  then  to 
Mendora,  Worcester  Co.,  where  he  was  em- 
ployed as  a  boy  of  all  work ;  at  the  age  of  15 
his  employer,  who  was  superintendent  of 
tlie  shops,  let  him  learn  the  machinists' 
trade;  worked  for  Dr.  Wilder  until  he  had 
earned  $500 ;  loaned  the  same  to  his  em- 
ployer, who  failed,  and  he  lost  it  all ;  he 
afterwards  built  254  looms  in  Worcester,  for 
Hamilton  Woolen  Mills,  and  took  charge 
of  them  in  South  Brady ;  moving  to  Lowell, 
Mass.,  he  took  charge  of  the  mills  that 
made  the  first  shawls  in  America ;  after- 
wards bought  half  interest  in  mills  at 
Springfield,  Vt.,  when  he  sold  out  to  his 
partner,  going  to  Worcester  Co.,where,  with 
two  others,  he  bought  a  large  mill,  which, 
when  repaired,  cost  |40,000 ;  through  the 
rascalitj^  of  a  partner,  all  this  property  was 
lost,  when  he  came  to  this  Co.  in  185(5,  and 
is  now  a  wealthy  man;  married  for  first 
wife  Ruth  Darling  in  1841 ;  she  died  in 
1856 ;  married  Lurauda  R.  Turk,  who  was 
born  in  Acworth,  N.  J.,  March  7,  1827. 

Lutz  Geo.  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 


M' 


cCLAIN  J.  G.  laborer;  Winnebago. 


McCann  G.  warehouse  elk ;  P.O.Winnebago. 
McDannell  Wm.  laborer;  P.  O.Winnebago. 

MHiEACHIE  MITXCAX,  Farmer; 
Sec.  1 ;  P.  O.  Rockford ;  born  in  Argyle- 
shire,  Scotland,  May  24,  1823;  after  living 
in  Scotland  and  with  his  father  until  28 
years  of  age,  Mr.  M.  determined  seeking  a 
home  in  the  new  world ;  he  accordingly 
left  Glasgow  and  came  via  New  York  to 
Rockford,  arriving  there  in  1852;  went  to 
Iowa  and  bought  200  acres  land,  and  sold 
it  in  a  short  time,  buying  112  acres  in  the 
northern  part  of  this  Co. ;  he  afterwards 
bought  his  present  farm  of  300  acres,  on 
which  he  has  erected  magnificent  build- 
ings; has  been  School  Director,  and  Trus- 
tee of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  of  which 
he  is  a  member ;  married  in  Feb.,  1853, 
Elizabeth  Ralston,  who  was  born  in  Scot- 
land in  Sept.,  1828;  Duncan,  Lizzie,  Ella, 
Maggie  and  Willie  are  their  children. 

HcGEACHY  .IOH5f,  Farmer;  Sec. 
3;  P.  O.  Rockford;  born  in  Scotland  in 
1835;  Mr.  M.  worked  by  the  month  in 
Scotland  until  he  was  22,  after  which  he 
came  to  Canada,  living  there  6  months; 
then  came  to  Boone  Co.,  111.,  where  he 
lived  5  years;  thence  to  this  Co.,  residing 
3  years ;  returning  to  Boone,  rented  a  farm, 
on  which  he  worked  six  years;  came  to 
this  Co.  again,  buying  his  present  farm  of 
134  acres ;  married  Martha  Ralston  in  1865 ; 
she  was  born  in  Scotland  in  1833 ;  have 
one  child,  William. 

McGeachy  N.  farmer;  Sec. 4;  P.O.Rockford. 

McGeachie  P.  farmer;  Sec.2;  P.O.Rockford. 


McNear  Robt.  tarm ;  Sec.6 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 
McQuaters  Alexander,  resides  with  brother ; 
P.  O.  Rockford. 

McqiTATERS  JOHIN,  Farmer;  Sec. 
14 ;  P.  O .  Rockford  ;  born  in  Westchester 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  29,  1836;  married  Mary 
E.  Hollenbeck,  May  27,  1871;  she  was 
born  June  7, 1846,  in  Schohaiie  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
Mr.  M.  moved  with  his  parents  to  Con- 
necticut, where  he  resided  eleven  years; 
in  1852  moved  to  Norwich,  and  again  to 
Blackstone,  Mass.,  where  he  worked  in 
woolen  mills ;  came  to  Wisconsin  in  1856, 
and  to  this  Co.  in  1866,  coming  all  the  way 
with  an  ox  team ;  rented  his  present  farm 
for  three  years,  after  which  he  bought  it ; 
his  father  died  in  Wis.,  April  12, 1866;  his 
mother  and  brother  Alexander  still  reside 
with  him ;  has  three  children,  Margaret 
A.,  Agnes  E.,  and  Henry. 

Mack  J.  C.  laborer ;  Winnebago. 

Mahan  John,  rents  farm ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Mandeville  Frank,  resides  with  S.  S.  Man- 
deville ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

M  ANBE  VIL.I.E     H  E  X  R  Y     If. 

Farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Elida;  born  in 
Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1793;  married 
Peace  Sprague,  born  in  1792 ;  Henry  D. 
was  his  eldest  son,  who  died  July  12, 1877 ; 
Adeline,  Simon  S.,  Daniel,  Sarah,  Katie 
P.,  Frank,  and  Fred.,  are  the  names  ot  his 
living  children ;  Mr.  M.  has  been  a  help- 
less invalid  for  thirtj^  years;  his  loving 
children  sold  their  home  in  New  York 
and  came  to  this  Co.  Oct.  1,  1860,  hoping 
to  change  the  condition  of  their  father's 
health ;  notwithstanding  long  nights  of 
anxious,  weary  watching,  and  days  filled 
with  toil  in  attending  to  the  wants  of  an 
invalid  parent,  these  children,  with  Simon 
S.  as  manager  and  director,  have  secured 
and  beautified  160  acres  of  land. 

Mandeville  Isaac,  laborer ;  P  .O.Winnebago. 

Mandeville  S.  S.  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Mandeville  Thomas,  resides  with  his  father, 
W.  A.  Mandeville;  P.  O.  Elida. 

MAXDEVIIiL.E    WIIvEIAM   A. 

Farmer  and  Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  33;  P.  O. 
Elida;  born  in  Elbridge,  Onondasra  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  2,  1821 ;  came  to  this  "Co.  m 
September,  1846;  Democrat;  Congrega- 
tionalist;  owns  65  acres  of  land,  worth  $4,- 
500;  married  Adelia  Chapel,  in  July,  1844; 
she  was  born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  Aug. 
22,  1820 ;  have  three  children,  Charles  B., 
Thomas  Irving,  Libbie  E. ;  Mr.  M.  har- 
vested from  80  acres  3,200  bushels  of  wheat 
in  1848,  two-thirds  of  which  he  hauled  to 
Chicago,  111.,  Milwaukee  and  Janesville 
Wis. 

MARCHAI^fT  EITOCH,  Blacksmith; 
Winnebago;  born  in  Tioga  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Feb.  24,  1826 ;  from  his  native  Co.  he  came 
to  this  in  Oct.,  1854;  married  Miranda 
Brown,  April  16,  1850 ;   she  was  born  in 


WlNNKBAOO   TOWNSHIP. 


C45 


Tioga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  23,  1833;  Mr. 
Marcliaiit  enlisted  in  the  156tli  I.  V.  I., 
serving  his  country  with  honor  until  tl>e 
close  of  the  war,  when  he  was  honorably 
discharged;  he  is  one  of  ten  sous  his  wid- 
owed mother  sent  to  the  army,  an  account 
of  which  is  given  in  another  part  of  this 
work 

MARGET  JAMES.  Farmer;  Sec.  19; 
P.O.Winnebago;  born  in  Bedfordshire, 
England,  Sept.  1,  1831 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1855;  Democrat;  Presbyterian;  owns  40 
acres  land,  worth  $65  per  acre ;  married 
Mary  Ann  Hewlett  in  Sept.,  1851;  she  was 
born  May  6,  1831;  Lizzie  A.,  Augelo  J,. 
Herschell  G.  and  Louisa  L.  are  their  chil- 
dren, one  of  whom  is  married  to  David 
Sims;  Mr.  Marget  was  23  days  coming  to 
N.  Y.  from  England ;  first  settled  in  Evans- 
ville,  Ind.,  where  he  resided  2  years;  not 
being  suited  with  the  country,  he  went  by 
water  to  Cairo,  then  to  St.  Louis  and  Ga- 
lena; took  the  stage  for  Rockford,  and  has 
made  this  Co.  his  permanent  home  ever 
since. 

Mariner  Frank  E.  son  of  G.  H.  Mariner ;  P. 
O.  "Winnebago. 

MARIXER  GEORGE  H.  Farmer; 
Sec.  9;  P.O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Saco, 
Me.,  Sept.  IG,  1818;  at  (5  years  old  he  was 
left  an  orphan,  and  at  his  mother's  request, 
who  died  two  years  previous,  he  was  taken 
by  a  Mr.  Rich,  who  removed  to  Livermore ; 
here  he  lived  until  21,  when  he  left  with 
$75,  working  by  the  month  for  a  Mr. 
Coolidge  2  years  at  $12  per  month ;  after 
being  engaged  in  the  dry  goods  trade  in 
Livermore,  he  went  to  Boston,  engaging 
in  the  bakery  business  with  his  brother-in- 
law  ;  after  4  or  5  years  he  sold  out,  and 
ran  a  truck  line  until  1852,  when  he  moved 
to  this  Co.,  buying  a  farm  and  building 
the  first  stone  house  in  this  township; 
married  Mary  J.  Coolidge,  Jan.  1,  1843; 
she  was  born  in  Livermore,  Me.,  Jan.  28, 
1820 ;  have  three  children :  Charles  D., 
George  E.  and  Frank  E. 

Marshall  Benj.  laborer;  Winnebago. 

MARSTON  WJH.  Farmer;  Sec.  8;  P. 
O.  Winnebago;  born  in  England,  Jan.  12, 
1825 ;  married  Sarah  M.  Peck,  March  24, 
1856;  she  was  born  in  England,  April  2, 
1832;  Mr.  Marstou,  after  living  in  nine 
different  shires  in  England,  like  many 
other  energetic  men,  came  to  this  country 
in  the  ship  E.xcelsior  in  1850,  stoppinsj 
first  in  Janesville,  Wis.,  where  he  lived 
three  years;  in  1853  he  went  to  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  but  returned  to  Janesville,  Wis., 
when  in  1857  he  came  to  this  Co.,  where 
he  has  since  resided. 

Martenus  A.  B.  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Mellen  Albert  A.  hardware ;  Winnebago. 

MEIiliEX  A.  J.  Farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.O. 
Winnebago;  born  in  Newfield,  Tompkins 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  24,  1835;  came  to  this 


Co.  in  March,  1857 ;  Democrat;  owns  220 
acres  land,  valued  at  $17,600;  is  School 
Director;  married  Flora  M.  Swan,  Oct.  2, 
1866;  she  was  liorn  in  Newfield,  N.  Y., 
June  3,  1839;  Alice,  Fred.  S.  and  S.  Clar- 
ine  are  their  three  living  children  ;  Chas. 
W.  died  Sept.  30,  1868;  wlien  Mr.  Mellen 
came  to  this  Co.,  lie  had  only  $15,  bnt  by 
manly  and  ennobling  toil,  he  has  beauti- 
fied a  lovely  iiome;  his  house  is  situated 
on  an  eniinenee  of  land,  giving  one  a  fine 
view  of  the  surrounding  country. 
Mellen  Clark,  mnfr.  of  butler;  Winnebago. 

MELIiEX  CHAS.  II.  Winnebago; 
Of  the  firm  of  Grippen  tV  Mellen,  Drug 
gists ;  born  in  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.  Dec. 
11,  1839;  moved  to  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  V., 
when  about  three  years  old,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  farming;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1854,  following  the  same  business  until 
June  1,  1877,  when  he  bought  an  interest 
in  a  drug  store,  with  the  above  partner; 
Mr.  Mellen's  honest\'  and  integrity  are 
well  established  in  this  Co. ;  married 
Annis  St.  John,  Sept.  25,  1859;  she  was 
born  in  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1849;  have 
two  children,  Elmer  E.  and  Elida. 

Mellen  Erastus,  retired  farmer;  Winnebago. 

Meredith  Geo.  retired  farmer;  Sec.  18;  P.  O. 
Winnebago. 

Merryfield  J.O.farni;  S.  22;  P.O.Winnebago. 

MERRYFIELD     JOSIAH    P. 

Farmer;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  he  is 
one  of  the  oldest  settlers  in  this  Tp. ;  born 
in  Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  17,  1821; 
started  with  his  father  from  Bufialo,  via 
the  lakes,  to  Toledo,  Ohio;  then  by  land 
and  teams  to  this  Co.,  arriving  here  in 
1836;  married  Jane  Stewart,  J\Iarcli  29, 
1848;  she  was  born  in  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y., 
Aug.  16,  1830;  has  a  good  home  of  180 
acres  of  choice  land. 

MIL.LER  AMOS.  (Deceased);  died 
of  disease  contracted  while  in  the  South 
attending  his  son  Cyrus,  who  was  wounded 
in  the  arm ;  he  was  a  man  who  possessed 
those  qualities  of  mind  and  character 
which  made  him  beloved  by  all  who  knew 
him ;  he  was  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Nov.  4,  1809;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855  :  Jo- 
siah  F.,  his  youngest  sou,  and  an  attorney 
at  law,  resides  on  the  homestead  with  his 
mother;  Richard  andTlios.  N., one  aCon- 
gregatioualist  pastor  and  the  other  a  physi- 
cian,are  two  of  Mr.Miller's  promismg  sons ; 
Marj^  E.  is  the  only  daughter;  we  cannot 
speak  too  highly  of  his  friends  and  chil- 
dren, cherish  too  well  the  memory  of  this 
old  settler. 

MIIiLER  AMOS  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  19; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Vernon,  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  26,  1844;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  March,  1855;  Republican;  Congrega- 
tionalist;  owns  65  acres  of  laud,  valued  at 
$4,900;  married  Lauretta  Jennings,  Dec. 
23,   1869;    she  was  boru  May  20,  1849; 


646 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTT   DIRECTOETt 


Edeline  E.,  born  Dec.  23,  1870;  Alice  A., 
May  15,  1873;  Jessie  L.,  Dec.  25,  1873; 
these,  their  children,  were  all  born  in 
Winnebago;  whatever  this  history  could 
say  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Miller,  it  would  be  a 
small  tribute  to  their  worth;  long  after 
they  have  passed  away,  like  a  wreath  of 
mist  at  eve,  the  memory  of  their  acts  of 
kindness  will  be  cherished  in  the  hearts 
of  those  who  knew  them. 

9IIL.Ii£R  IJYRUS  A.  Farmer;  Sec. 
18;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  owns  80  acres  land, 
worth  $6,500:  born  in  Vernon,  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  17,  1839 ;  married  Ida  D. 
Hobert,  Sept.  5,  1872 ;  she  was  born  in 
Westford,  Chittenden  Co..  Vt.,  Dec.  30, 
1849;  she  is  a  lady  of  culture,  having 
taught  in  the  High  School  at  Winnebago ; 
Mr.  Miller  enlisted  and  served  nearly 
three  years  in  the  74th  I.  V.  I. ;  was  in  the 
battles  at  Murfreesboro  and  Lookout 
Mountain ;  was  severely  wounded  in  the 
arm  and  honorably  discharged. 

MIL.L.ER1HENRY  H.  Farmer;  Sec. 
19 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born  in  Oneida 
Co.,  K.  y.,  Oct.  28,  1840 ;  moved  to  this 
Co.  with  his  parents  in  1855,  who  were 
poor,  his  father  working  land  on  shares ; 
Henry  with  his  other  brothers  has  helped 
to  amass  a  good  fortune,  which  was 
amicably  divided  among  them  at  the  death 
of  their  father;  Mr.  M.  has  contributed 
largely  to  all  the  improvements  of  the 
township,  and  is  known  as  an  honorable 
and  honest  man ;  married  Mary  A.  Pettis, 
Dec.  5,  1871 ;  she  was  born  in  Oswego  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Oct.  29,  1848;  Maud  is  the  name  of 
their  only  daughter. 

Miller  Josiah,  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

MlliliS  DAVID,  Farmer;  Sec.  21;  P. 
O.  Winnebago ;  born  in  Albany  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  July  4,  1811 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1859; 
owns  160  acres  land,  worth  $11,000;  mar- 
ried Ermelia  Baylies,  in  1835;  she  was 
born  in  Cato,  N.  Y.,  June  34,  1818;  Mr. 
Mills  resided  with  his  father  until  21 
years  old ;  worked  by  the  month  for  $10 
per  month ;  settled  in  Weedsport,  N.  Y., 
in  mercantile  business  for  six  years; 
bought  a  farm  in  Cato,  N.  Y.,  lived  there 
ten  years,  and  then  moved  to  this  Co. 

MITCHEIili  JOSEPH  M.  Farmer; 
Sec.  30;  P.  O.  Elida;  born  in  Lebanon,  N. 
J.,  Dec.  13,  1847 ;  came  to  Winnebago  Tp. 
in  March,  1870;  married  Sarah  Seal,  Aug. 
13,  1871 ;  she  was  born  in  Lebanon,  N.  J., 
Aug.  18,  1847;  they  have  three  children: 
Lizzie  S.,  born  June  19,  1873;  Nellie,  Jan. 
13,  1874,  and  Lydia,  Oct.  10,  1875. 

MlTCHELIi  J0H:K  W.  Farmer; 
Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Elida;  Republican;  born  in 
Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  Jan.  6,  1844 ;  owns 
93  acres  land ;  married  Sarah  A.  Stryker, 
July  2,  1864;  she  was  born  Feb.  4,  1844; 
their  children  (Peter  S.,born  Oct.  12, 1865; 
Mary  L.,  May  7, 1867 ;  Eva  E.,  Jan.  1, 1874,) 
are  being  so  guided  in  early  life  by  their 


parents  that  they  may  be  an  ornament  in 
society;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M..  are  earnest  as 
well  as  honest  workers  in  the  Methodist 
Church,  and  are  beloved  by  its  pastor  and 
society;  Mr.  M.  served  9  months  in  the 
31st  N.  J.  V.  I.,  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged. 

Moore  Job,  laborer ;  Winnebago. 

Moore  J.  W.  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

MOORE  S.  H.  Farmer  and  Carpenter; 
Sec  18 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago ;  born  in  Fulton, 
Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  26,  1831;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1855 ;  Republican;  Congre- 
gationalist;  owns  130  acres  land,  worth 
$8,400 ;  married  Catherine  Hager  in  1855 ; 
she  was  born  in  Cobleskill,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  29, 
1828;  the  names  of  their  children  are: 
Elder,  Ella,  George,  John,  Nancy,  Alice, 
Ralph  and  Minnie ;  the  last  died  Dec.  10, 
1876 ;  Mr.  M.  is  one  of  the  trustees  of  his 
church,  and  beloved  by  all  who  know 
him;  they  have  a  beautitul  house  situated 
on  an  elevated  portion  of  his  farm,  where 
love  and  happiness  reign. 

Morris  John,  tinsmith ;  P.  O.  Winnebago.  ■ 

N EVENS  W.  H.  farmer;   Sec.  18;  P.  O. 
Winnebago. 
Nicalson  J.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O.Winnebago. 

51  YE  IVIELIAM,  Farmer;  Sec.  9;  P. 
O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Worcester  Co., 
Mass.,  June  17,  1830;  at  the  age  of  22  he 
went  to  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  where,  the 
following  year,  he  married  Eliza  Daniels; 
22  years  ago  he  came  to  Cambridge,  Henry 
Co.,  111.,  purchasing  a  farm,  and  returned 
to  Mass. ;  after  a  lapse  of  7  years  he  again 
returned  to  Cambridge,  111.,  where  he  was 
engaged  as  a  clerk  in  a  mercantile  house 
until  1871,  when  he  sold  his  place  and 
came  to  this  Co.,  buying  25  acres  of  land ; 
Mrs.  Nye  was  boin  in  Franklin,  Norfolk 
Co.,  Mass.,  Feb.  3,  1827,  and  is  sister  of 
Rev.  W.  Daniels,  A.  M..  of  Chicago,  who 
has  lately  written  the  life  of  Rev.  D.  L. 
Moody. 

05BRIEN  DENNIS,    laborer;    Winne- 
bago. 

0'FARREI.E  D.  McD.  Retired 
Methodist  Minister  and  Farmer;  P.  O. 
Winnebago;  born  in  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Dec.  5,  1809 ;  at  the  age  of  16  he  left  home, 
learning  the  carriage  maker's  trade,  which 
he  followed  until  23,  when  he  entered  the 
ministry,  which  profession  he  followed  15 
years,  when  he  was  obliged  to  retire  on 
account  of  health;  buying  a  farm,  he  re- 
sided on  the  same  for  nearly  20  years; 
came  to  this  place  in  1873,  where  he  has 
since  resided ;  owns  340  acres  land ;  mar- 
ried Adaline  Whitney,  Sept.  1,  1836;  she 
was  born  in  Cortland  Co.,  N.  Y. 

Osborn  Walter,  laborer ;  Winnebago. 

OSBORX  WEBSTER,  Farmer; 
Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  Winnebago ;   owns  196  acres 


WINNEBAGO   TOWNSHIP. 


647 


land,  valued  at  $12,000;  boru  iu  Oueida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  13,  1841 ;  married  Luciu- 
da  Spencer,  May  2H,  ISGl ;  shewa.s  born  in 
Penn.,  May  26,  1838;  cluldren:  Ilhoda, 
born  Jan.  15,  1862;  Willard  L.,  July  18, 
1864;  Frank  J.,  Nov.  5,  1866;  Fred,  Feb. 
4,  1869;  George,  Sept.  21,  1870;  Grace  M., 
Nov.  7,  1871;  Blanche  A.,  Dec.  3,  1874- 
Fred  died  Feb.  12,  1869,  and  George,  the 
day  of  his  birth ;  these,  his  children,  are 
beloved  by  all  who  know  them;  Mr.  O. 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1846;  started  from 
Oneida  Co.  in  a  canal  boat  for  Butlalo: 
thence  to  Chicago  by  boat,  using  a  team 
and  wagon  to  transport  him  to  this  Tp. ; 
he  is  a  man  of  intelligence  and  sterling 
worth,  as  is  shown  by  his  holding  the 
highest  offices  of  his  Tp.  for  seven  years ; 
the  second  term  of  his  district  school  was 
taught  in  his  house. 

PAHRLEY  D.  C.  laborer;  P.  O.  Winne- 
bago. 

PADDOCK.  WM.  S.  Farmer;  Sec. 
22;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  is  a  nephew  of 
Mrs.  Eliza  A.  Burnett,  and  resides  with 
that  lady;  his  father  is  an  old  resident  of 
this  Co.,  coming  here  in  1844;  he  was 
born  in  Tompkins  Co.  N.  Y.,  in  1817; 
married  Selena  Fox ;  she  was  boru  iu  Cat- 
araugus  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  both  parents  are 
buried  in  this  Co. ;  William  is  an  unmar- 
ried man  and  beloved  by  all  who  know 
him. 

Palmer  A.  F.  laborer ;  Winnebago. 

Parsons  N.  F.  lumber  dealer;  Winnebago. 

PATRICK  JAS.  Farmer;  Sec.  13; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  England,  1822; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1846 ;  owns  210  acres 
land;  has  held  offices  of  School  Director 
and  Road  Commissioner;  married  Miss 
Rachel  Faulkner,  in  1845 ;  she  was  born  in 
England,  and  died  in  1861;  in  1864  he 
married  Clara  Rundell,  who  was  born  in 
N.  Y. ;  has  six  children,  Lucy,  Azubah 
M.,  Rachel  F.,  Theron  J.,  Martha  E.,  and 
Edith  E. ;  lost  one  daughter,  Mary  Edith. 

Patton  Wm.  H.  hardware ;  Winnebago. 

POIILTON  AI.FRED,  Sec.  21;  P. 
O.  Winnebago;  rents  Mrs.  Merrifield's 
farm;  born  in  England,  Dec.  16,  1827; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  October,  1868;  owns 
personal  property  valued  at  $3,000;  mar- 
ried Susannah  M.  Saunders,  June  12, 1856; 
she  was  born  in  Milbourn,  Willshire  Co., 
Eng.,  Sept.  6,  1837;  the  names  of  their 
children  are  as  follows:  Madeline  M., 
born  Aug.  6,  1857 ;  Elizabeth  E.,  Oct.  3, 
1858;  Sarah  A.,  May  21,  1860;  Emily  R., 
Nov.  8,  1863;  Alfred  C,  Sept.  10,  1867; 
they  were  all  born  in  East  Court,  England, 
except  Alfred  C,  who  was  born  in  Clift, 
Piper,  England. 

Pettis  M.  P.  farm;  S.  20;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Posson  A.  G.  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

POWELL.  LEWIS,  Farmer;  Sec. 27; 
p.  O.  Winnebago ;  an  old  settler ;  born  in 


Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  April  17,  1818;  he  mar- 
ried Mary  Halioweil,  Feb.  16,  1843;  she 
was  born  in  Luiicastor  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  8, 
1821;  Mr.  Powell  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1853,  a  poor  man,  and  at  a  time  when  one 
could  go  in  any  direction  over  the  prairie 
without  hindrance:  he  now  has  a  beauti- 
ful home  of  174  acres,  on  which  he  has 
just  erected  a  beautiful  house;  Anna  M., 
an  accomplished  young  lady  and  musi- 
cian, is  their  only  daughter. 

POWELL  WILLIAM  A.  Farmer; 
Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  lie  was  born 
in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  May  12,  1844;  came 
to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1853;  mar- 
rietl  Angeline  HoUenbeck,  Dec.  24,  1869; 
she  was  born  in  Sciioharie  Co.,  N.  Y., 
May  13,  1848;  William  W.  is  their  only 
child;  Mr.  Powell  has  held  the  office  of 
School  Director,  and  is  regarded  by  all 
who  know  him  as  an  intelligent  and  hon- 
orable gentleman. 

Prescott  Chas.  carpenter;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

PRESCOTT  ROBERT.  A  member 
of  the  firm  of  Prescott  &  Vanston,  Meat 
Market,  Winnebago;  born  in  Canada, 
July  15,  1836;  came  to  this  Co.  and 
first  settled  with  his  parents  on  Sugar 
River,  in  this  Co.,  where  he  resided  eight 
years ;  at  16  he  came  to  this  township  and 
commenced  life  on  his  own  account,  first 
working  for  D.  C.  Lewis ;  he  afterwards 
learned  the  carpenter  trade,  which  he  fol- 
lowed, in  connection  with  farming,  until 
he  engaged  in  his  present  business;  mar- 
ried Sarah  A.  Kepner,  July  15,  1862;  she 
was  born  in  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1839. 

PRESCOTT  WILLIAM,  Grain 
Buyer;  Winnebago;  born  in  this  Co., 
Oct.  4,  1841 ;  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  2d  L  V.  C, 
July  16,  1861 ;  some  time  after  leaving 
Camp  Butler  his  company  was  placed  on 
detached  service,  as  escorts  tor  Gens. 
Sweeney,  Davis,  Oglesby,  Ord,  and  John 
A.  Logan,  after  which  tliey  returned  to 
their  regiment,  in  February,  1864;  they 
were  engaged  in  the  battles  of  New  Or- 
leans, Donelson,  Pittsburg  Landing, 
Corinth,  Black  River  Bridge,  Thompson 
Hill,  Snake  Creek,  Jackson,  (Miss.)  Vicks- 
burg,  and  Blakely ;  honorably  discharged, 
at  Springfield,  111.,  July  6.  1866. 

RAINEY  ALBERT  G.  retired  merchant; 
P.  O.  Winnebago. 
ROBERTS  A.  T.  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Win- 
nebago; lives  on  one  of  his  lather's  many 
farms,  containing  80  acres;  born  in  Pe- 
tersburg, Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  4, 
1855;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857;  Democrat; 
owns  personal  property  to  the  value  of 
$2,000;  marrieil  Nellie  Smith,  May  4, 
1876;  one  son,  Frank  Edward,  was  born 
May  8,  1877,  and  died  July  11,  1877;  Mr. 
Roberts  is  a  young  man,  but  one  cannot 
meet  him  without  being  impressed  with 
his  open  and  manly  character ;   his  con- 


648 


WINNEBAGO   COtlNTY   DtRSXTtOU 


sort  is  one  of  the  intelligent  young  women 
of  this  county. 
Roberts  Ed.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Elida. 

ROBERTS  HESfRY  B.  Retired 
Farmer;  Winnebago;  born  in  Perry  Co., 
Pa.,  Oct.  28,  1820;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.,  and  then  to  Hunting- 
don Co.,  where  he  lived  about  ten  years ; 
after  teaching  school  winters  and  work- 
ing on  a  farm  summers  he  laid  by  money, 
which  he  invested  in  the  mercantile  trade 
with  A.  G.  Miller,  in  Mechanicsville,  Pa., 
in  1849 ;  about  this  time  his  father  died 
and  he  went  back  home,  residing  until 
1852,  when  he  came  West,  to  Ottawa,  111., 
where  he  bought  a  large  tract  of  land  in 
Farm  Ridge  Tp. ;  returned  to  Penn. ;  and 
again,  in  1857,  came  to  this  Co.,  making 
it  his  permanent  home;  married  Nancy 
J.  Meradeth,  Feb.  4,  1864 ;  she  was  born 
m  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  7,  1845 ;  have  two 
children,  Mattie  and  Jessie  M. 

Roberts  Jonathan,  farm;  S.  32;  P.  O.  Elida. 

ROGERS  HE:S:RY  B.  Farmer;  Sec. 
6;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Cortlana 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  22,  1839 ;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  185G ;  moved  to  California  in  1864, 
and  returned  to  this  Co.  in  1867;  started 
in  life  without  capital,  and  by  dint  of  per- 
severing has  gained  146  acres  land,  and  is 
regarded  as  one  of  the  solid  men  of  the 

'  Co. ;  he  married,  March  20,  1861 ;  Sarah 
Derwent;  she  was  born  in  England,  in 
October,  1839;  have  seven  children. 

Runyard  Alfred,  laborer ;  Winnebago. 

Russell  E.  J.  teacher;  Winnebago. 

SCHOONMAKER    CHAS.     S.     Winne- 
bago. 

SCHOOXMAKER      H  E  IV  R  Y, 

(Deceased;)  was  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
April  16,  1808;  for  nearly  30  years  he 
lived  in  this  locality,  working  in  an  ax 
factory,  and  on  his  father's  farm;  in 
1826,  he  married  Mary  Lown;  5  years 
later,  the  beauties  and  prospects  of  the 
prairie  state  were  so  graphically  laid 
before  him  that  he  became  convinced 
of  its  merits,  and  determined  making 
it  his  iuture  home;  he  accordingly 
gathered  together  all  his  scanty  resources, 
and,  with  one  team  and  wagon,  came, 
ma  Buffalo  and  Detroit,  to  Rockford, 
where  he  camped  over  night,  there  being 
only  two  log  houses  where  the  pros- 
perous city  now  stands ;  after  looking  for 
a  suitable  location,  he  settled  near  a  place 
formerly  called  Westfield,  in  1838;  some- 
time during  the  year,  he  pre-empted  160 
acres  land,  and  in  due  time  received  the 
Urst  government  deed  for  the  same  ever 
given  for  land  in  this  Tp. ;  always  keep- 
ing in  view  that  toil  for  daily  bread  and 
the  necessaries  of  life  is  manlj^  and 
ennobling,  he  was  able  to  leave  a  goodly 
inheritance  to  his  children ;  on  Aug.  30, 


1872,  he  was  suddenly  called  from  earth, 
by  being  thrown  from  a  wagon  while 
after  a  load  of  hay ;  John  Schoonmaker, 
his  eldest  son,  was  born  in  this  Tp.,  April 
2,  1842;  owns  80  acres  land  in  Sec.  27: 
married  L.  M.  Posson,  Feb.  18,  1868 ;  she 
was  born  in  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May 
9,  1849;  Ella,  Fannie  and  Maggie  are 
their  children ;  Mr.  S.  served  5  months  in 
the  74th  I.  V.  I.,  and  re-enlisted  in  the  2d 
Illinois  Light  Artillery,  Co.  G. ;  Charles 
Schoonmaker,  the  tourth  son,  married 
Katie  Lown,  Oct.  3, 1876 ;  she  was  born  in 
Oswego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  16,  1855 ;  Maggie 
Schoonmaker,  an  unmarried  daughter, 
now  resides  on  the  old  homestead  with 
her  mother,  and  was  a  favorite  daughter 
of  her  father ;  no  daughter  cherishes  the 
memory  of  a  loved  parent  more  than 
Maggie;  this  family's  P.  O.  address  is 
Winnebago. 

JSCMOOBl^MAKER  IRA,  Black- 
smith; Winnebago;  born  in  Schoharie 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  1,  1832 ;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  West  Tp.,  Albany  Co.,  N.  Y., 
returning  again  to  Schoharie  Co.,  and 
after  two  years  again  moved  to  Schenec- 
tady, where  he  lived  12  years,  when  he 
moved  to  this  Co.,  arriving  in  1854 ;  mar- 
ried Mary  Mack,  Sept.  14,  1862;  she  was 
born  in  Ulysses,  Tompkins  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Dec.  24,  1842;  have  five  children;  Mrs.  S. 
is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Church. 

Schoonmaker  John,  Winnebago. 

Schoonmaker  William,  renter  on  Sec.  20; 
P.  O.  Winnebago. 

SEAL.S  JOHX,  Farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.O. 
Elida;  born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  and 
commenced  life  for  himself  by  working 
for  F.  Martenis,  at  $2  per  mouth,  and  then 
for  another  farmer  6  years  and  6  months, 
at  f  6  per  month ;  after  working  at  difler- 
ent  places  at  $9  per  month,  the  highest 
wages  then  paid,  he  moved  into  the  moun- 
tains, buying  a  farm  at  $3,650;  resided 
there  six  years ;  sold  out  for  $5,000,  and 
came  to  this  Co.  April  5, 1855;  after  living 
on  different  farms,  he  bought  167  acres 
where  he  now  resides;  married  his  first 
wife,  Jane  Bellis,  in  1846;  she  died  in 
1849 ;  had  two  children,  Sarah  and  Peter; 
Mr.  S.  has  been  School  Director  for  10 
years,  and  one  of  the  first  Trustees  of  the 
Methodist  Church  in  Elida;  during  22 
years'  residence  in  this  Co.  has  been  re- 
garded as  an  honorable  man. 

Seal  Peter,  renter;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Elida. 

Searls  S.  I.  renter ;  Sec.  7 ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Schreiber  J.  shoemaker ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

SHAMMO  JOHX  R.  Farmer;  Sec. 
26;  P.O.  Rockford;  born  in  Perry  Co., 
Pa.,  Oct.  16,  1847;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
Oct.,  1867 ;  Democrat ;  owes  80  acres  land, 
valued  at  $60  per  acre ;  married  Laura  J. 
Bell,  March  11,  1874;  she  was  born  in 
Newark,  Wis.,  Oct.  39,1852;  Charles  A.  is 


WINNEBAGO    TOWNSHIP. 


649 


their  only  child ;  Mr.  S.  lived  in  Ogle  Co. 
22  years. 

Shaw  Jacob,  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Shaw  Morris,  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Shehan  Jas.  laborer;  Winnebago. 

Shehan  P.  renter;  Sec.  2G ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Sheldon  C.  G.  farm;  S.  15;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

SHELDOX     KI>WAR1>    ii. 

Farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Ohio, 
in  1827;  came  to  this  Co.  in  18o;3;  owns 
240  acres  land;  has  held  offices  of  School 
Direcior  and  Koad  Commissioner;  mar- 
ried Miss  Aurenihi  M.  Stinson,  in  1848; 
she  was  born  in  JS^.  Y. ;  have  four  children, 
Edwin  M.,  Geo.  E.,  Clarissa  I.,  Mary  J. 

SHIEL!!^  JAS.  Farmer;  Sec.  21; 
P.  O.  Ellda;  born  in  Ireland,  in  188;J; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1851 ;  Democrat;  Cath- 
olic; married  Hannah  Barry,  in  18GG;  she 
was  born  in  Cook  Co.,  111.,  Feb.  22,  1844; 
have  five  children  living:  Christopher  J., 
Rachel  S.,  Jas.  H.,  John  B.,  and  Mary  K. ; 
Geo.  N.  died  March  20,  1874;  Mr.  S.  owns 
120  acres  land,  worih  $70  per  acre ;  Mrs. 
Shields'  father  was  an  old  settler  of  Ogle 
County. 

Shilling  Sam.  book-keeper;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Shinn  S.  blacksmith ;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Simpson  H.  hotel  keeper;  P.O. Winnebago. 

I^IMS  H.  ^V.  Farmer;  Sec.  IS);  P.O. 
Winnebago;  rents  C.  R.  Briggs'  land; 
born  in  Ogle  Co.,  111.,  Nov.  80,  1847 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  Nov.  24,  1876;  married  Eliza  A. 
Porter  in  March,  1875  ;  she  was  born  in 
Wis.,  Aug.  8,  185'^;  William  James,  born 
April  8,  i87G,  and  Nathan  P.,  July  9, 1877, 
are  the  names  of  their  children;  Mrs. 
Sims'  father  is  one  ot  the  pioneer  settlers 
of  Wis.,  and  Mr.  Sims'  father  is  one  of  the 
old  settlers  of  Ogle  Co.  of  this  State,  where 
he  has  reared  a  large  and  interesting 
family. 

Smead  Asa,  farmer ;  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Smith  Ed.  farmer;  Sec.  30;  P.O.Wiunebago. 

SMITH  FRANK,  Farmer;  Sec.  20; 
P.  O.  liockford ;  owns  100  acres  land  ;  born 
in  Ireland  in  1827;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1855;  married  Sarah  Kelly  in  1859;  she 
was  born  in  Ireland;  have  one  child  living; 
Mr.  Smith  worked  on  a  farm  after  arriv- 
ing in  the  Stales,  both  in  Mass.  audiN.  Y. ; 
came  to  Chicago;  was  there  one  year; 
then  to  Rockford;  he  now  resides  on  a 
beautiful  farm  in  this  township. 

Smith  Jas.  retired  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Smith  J.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  G;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

SMITH  MARK,  Farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.O. 
Winnebago;    Itoru  in  Mansion,  Eng.,  Oct. 

11,  18iG;  owns  882  acres  land,  valued  at 
$80,000 ;  married  Elizabeth  Faulkner,  May 

12,  1848;  she  was  born  in  Marston,  Eng., 
Feb.  IG,  1831,  and  they  moved  to  this 
country  the  same  year;  when  Mr.  Smith 
arrived  in    Rockford,   where  he  lived  9 

35 


years,  he  had  93  cents;  laying  up  a  litlle 
money  by  working  by  the  tlay,  Iw.  went  to 
Seward  'Pp.,  bouglii  a  farm  ami  resided 
there  18  years,  after  which  he  came  to  this 
tp. ;  he  is  one  of  the  wealthiest  lurmers  in 

th(!  Co. 
Spaldin;;-  A.  E.  phy.sieinu  ;  \Viiineb:igo. 

S1»«T  TSU  0<H>  ROKKItr,  Black 

smith;  Ellda;  owns  25  acirs  land,  and  one 
house  and  lot  in  Byron;  born  in  Scotland 
in  1817;  sailed  from  Annou,  Scotland,  to 
(.Quebec,  resitling  in  Canada  12  years; 
moveil  to  N.  Y. ;  lived  there  13  years; 
landed  in  the  U.  S.  in  1880;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  18G7;  married  Mary  C.  Graham  in 
1842;  she  was  born  in  Sci)tland,  June  19, 
1817;  children  are:  Calherine,  Robert 
(both  ilied  when  young;,  Robert,  Cath- 
erine, Elizabeth,  Margaret,  Jennie,  Mary 
C,  Ellen ;  Robert,  his  only  son,  works  at 
blaeksmithlng  with  his  father;  married 
Eleanor  F.  Ellis,  June  30,  1875;  one  child, 
Mary  J. 

Stack  John,  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 
Steers  A.  R.  farmer;  Sec.  88;  P.  O.  Elida. 
Stephens  I.  M.  carpenter;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 
Stiles  E.  G.  Teacher;  Winnebago. 

STRAW  HEXRV  I..  Wagonmaker; 
Winnebago;  born  in  this  Co.,  March  17, 
1844;  married  Cathennu  F.  Byron,  Sept. 
26,  1809;  she  was  born  in  Utica,  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  23,  1849;  three  children, 
Blanch  K.,  Grace  E.  and  Edna;  Mr.  Straw 
has  been  actively  euga^ed  in  the  wagon 
manufacturing  business  until  recently, 
when  he  sold  out  tu  other  parties. 

Sullivan  J.  renter;  Sec. 29;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Sullivan  Pal'k,  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Elida. 

Sucia  D.  II.  blacksmith;  Winnebago. 

SWAX  ED<i}AR  I..  Clerk;  Winne- 
bago; born  in  Schuyler  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb. 
12,  1850;  when  H)  \-ears  old  he  moved 
with  his  parents  to  this  Co.,  where  he  has 
been  engaged  in  farming  until  the  past 
two  years,  which  have  been  given  to  clerk- 
ing for  his  brother,  iM.  M.  Swan,  of  this 
village;  married  Florence  H.  Edson,  Dec. 
29,  1874;  she  was  born  in  Rockford,  111., 
Dec.  20,  1852;  Mr.  Swan  is  one  of  those 
atlable,  congenial  men  who  are  ever  ready 
to  take  one  by  the  hanil  with  hearty  wel- 
come; Herbert  E.,  a  bright-eyed  little  boy 
nearly  two  years  old,  is  llieir  only  child. 

Swan  J.  farmer;  Sec.  IG;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

SWAX  MARCUS  M.  Merchant; 
Winnebago;  born  in  New  Jersey, 
Feb.  8,  1848;  came  to  this  Co.  with  his 
parents  in  1800;  commenced  the  mercan- 
tile business  in  this  village  in  I8i)8,  with  a 
brother,  the  firm  continuing  about  four 
years;  about  1872  Marcus  bought  out  his 
brother,  and  has  been  the  only  proprietor 
ever  since;  with  good  business  qualifica- 
tions, fair  and  honorable  dealing,  he  has 
won  the  confidence  of  all  who  know  him; 


650 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY'. 


keeps  a  full  line  in  general  goods,  and  has 
the  largest  trade  of  any  house  in  Winne- 
bago; makes  a  specialty  of  Butter  and 
Eggs,  shipping  to  all  Eastern  markets. 

SWARTZ  AMOS,  Ehda;  Keeps  the 
only  general  store,  aud  is  Postmaster  of 
Elida,  commonly  known  as  Westtield ; 
born  in  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  35,1850 ;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1854;  married  Viola  M. 
Craig,  Dec.  9,  1875;  she  was  born  in  this 
Co.,  July  7, 1852;  Mr.  Swartz  keeps  a  good 
assortment  of  goods  of  all  kinds,  wh\ch  he 
will  sell  to  his  customers  as  low  as  any 
store  in  Rockford ;  commenced  business  in 
Nov.,  1875. 

Swenzey  A.  S.  farm ;  Sec.7 ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

TANNER  E.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  4;    P.   O. 
Winnebago. 
Taugher  James. 

Taylor  J.  H.  laborer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 
Taylor S.W. renter;  Sec.20;  P.O.Winriebago. 
Taylor  Samuel,  renter;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Win- 
nebago. 
Temple  J.  H.  renter;    Sec.  32;   P.  O.  Elida. 
Thorn  A.  C.  carpenter;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

THORX  HIRAM  T.  Dealer  in  Agri- 
cultural Implements;  Winnebago;  born 
in  Taberg,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  14, 
1844;  at  the  age  of  11,  he  came  with  his 
parents  to  this  Co.;  married  Emma  Ben- 
ham,  daughter  of  the  distinguished  A.  J. 
Benham,  Aug.  22,  1875;  she  was  born  in 
Hastinsys,  Barry  Co.,  Mich.,  Jan.  1,  1855; 
Mr.  Thorn  enlisted  in  the  12th  I.  V.  C, 
in  1863,  serving  with  honor  until  1866;  he 
is  actively  engaged  in  the  agricultural 
implements  trade,  handling  only  first- 
class  goods  and  selling  at  reasonable 
prices;  he  is  a  vocal  and  instrumental 
musician,  of  no  ordinary  abilities,  being  a 
leader  of  the  Winnebago  Silver  Cornet 
Band. 

Tracy  L.  D. farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.O.Winnebago. 

Treadwell  T.  carpenter;  P.  O  Winnebago. 

Trittle  F.  C.  U.  S.  detective ;  P.O.Winnebago. 

TWO  AliFRED,  Farmer;  Sec.  19; 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  lives  on  his  mother's 
farm,  Mrs.  Mary  A.  Jones;  born  in  Eng- 
land, Jan.  11,  1850;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1855,  and  is  the  oldest  son  of  Joel  Two, 
one  of  the  old  settlers  of  this  Co. ;  mar- 
ried Patience  Kennedy;  she  was  born  in 
Canada,  June  1,  1857;  Ural  J.  and  Lyman 
A.  are  their  only  children. 

Two  Samuel,  mason;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

T  TPDIKE  DANIEL,  laborer;  P.O.  Elida. 

VanAI^STIXE  JACOB  G.  Farm- 
er; Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Winnebago;  born 
in  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y.,  ApritC,  1814; 
he  was  a  descendant  of  an  old  line  of 
patriots,  his  father  and  their  relatives  help- 


ing to  defend  our  rights  in  the  revolution- 
ary war;  at  the  age  of  21,  he  left  the 
parental  roof,  having  in  the  meantime 
learned  the  carpenter's  trade,  with  a  stout 
heart  and  willing  hands  as  his  capital, 
working  a  portion  of  the  time  at  his  trade 
and  at  boating  on  the  Erie  canal  until  the 
year  1852,  when  he  came  to  this  Co., 
residing  in  Burritt  15  years,  and  then 
removing  to  his  present  location,  where 
he  has  beautified  a  'home  of  105  acres 
land;  married  Margaret  Coventry,  July, 
1843 ;  she  was  born  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  March 
28,  1872;  her  father  and  brother  have  been 
in  the  practice  of  medicine  100  consecu- 
tive years,  in  Utica,  N.  Y. ;  have  twelve 
children;  John,  their  oldest  S(jn,  enlisted 
in  the  44th  I.  V.  I.,  Aug.,  1861,  and  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Stone  River  in 
Dec,  1862. 

VAXSTOX  DAVID,  Jr.  Winne 
bago ;  of  the  firm  of  Prescott  &  Vanston ; 
Meat  Market ;  he  was  born  in  Upper  Can- 
ada, March  25,  1834;  came  to  this  Co.  with 
his  parents  in  1853;  married  Emily  J. 
Hudson,  March  30,  1871 ;  she  was  born  in 
Sardina,  Orleans  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  37,  1832; 
Mr.  V.  first  settled  in  Seward  Tp.,  where 
he  followed  farming;  about  3  years  since 
he  bought  an  interest  in  tlie  Market,  and 
the  firm  is  doing  a  prosperous  business. 

VANSTOK  SAMITEIv,  Farmer;  Sec. 
P.  O.  Winnebago;  born  in  Dublin,  Feb. 
22,  1822;  he  is  a  son  of  Major  Vanston,  of 
the  English  army ;  at  the  age  of  20  he  came 
to  this  country,  sailing  via  the  West  Indias 
and  landed  in  New  Orleans;  not  suited 
here,  he  came  to  Peoria  via  St.  Louis, 
where  he  lived  three  years  with  Bishop 
Chase ;  afterwards  bought  80  acres  land  in 
Stark  Co. ;  sold  the  same  and  came  via  La 
Salle,  111.,  to  this  Co.  in  1845;  served  in 
the  late  war  in  the  45th  I.  V.  I. ;  was  at  the 
battle  of  Shiloh  when  Gen.  W.  H.  W. 
Wallace  was  killed ;  married  Mary  A. 
Wallace,  cousin  of  the  above  General ; 
have  adopted  two  children,  Horace  and 
Lulu  Allen ;  the  latter  died  3  years  ago. 

WARNER    EDWARD,    renter;    P.    O. 
Winnebago. 

WARlfER  JOSEPH  D.  Farmer; 
Sec.  19;  P.O.  Winnel)ago;  born  in  East 
Harden,  Middlesex  Co.,  Canada;  he  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1843;  built  the  first  house  in 
the  villaire  of  Winnebago,  on  the  ground 
where  Liud's  store  now  stands;  was  the 
first  station  agent  at  Winnebago,  holding 
that  office  13  years;  Saturday  nights  he 
would  arrange  seats  in  the  station  house 
for  a  "handful  of  people"  to  hear  the  first 
Methodist  preacher  in  this  town,  Barton 
Cartritiht;  he  at  one  time  bought  about 
one-half  of  the  land  on  which  Winnebago 
is  now  built;  he  still  owns  a  good  house 
and  lot  in  the  village,  and  80  acres ;  he  was 
born  May  15,  1811;  raised  a  family  of  six 
children,  and  grand-'children  and  great- 


"WINNEBAGO   TOWNSHIP. 


651 


grand-children  live  to  bless  a  pioneer  of 
this  Co. 

^^ARE  EDn^IX,  Farmer;  Sec.  24;  P. 
O.  Kocklbrd;  born  in  Hancock,  Hillsboro 
Co.,  N.  H.,  Jan.  81,  184-2;  he  came  to  this 
Co.  in  March,  187(J;  married  Agnes  Mc- 
Quaters,  Dec.  16,  1866;  she  was  born  in 
TariflVille,  Conn.,  Jan.  6,  1845;  Winifred 
A.  and  Ernest  E.  are  their  only  children; 
Mr.  Ware  enlisted  in  the  i;3th  N.  H.  \'.  I., 
serving  3  j^ears;  his  Regl.  planted  the  first 
U.  S.  infantry  fiag  in  Richmond. 

Watson  F.  A.  farm  lab ;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

WATSON  GEO.  Farmer;  Sec.  29; 
P.  U.  Winnebago;  born  in  Yorkshire, 
Eng.,  Jan.  14,  1821;  came  to  this  country 
in  1829;  Congregatioualist;  owns  240 
acres  land,  worth  $17,000 ;  lived  in  N.  Y. 
about  14  years,  and  other  places  about  6 
years,  when  he  moved  to  tliis  Co.;  came 
from  Auusville,  where  he  was  married,  to 
111.;  married  Marie  C.  Tygert,  Feb.  1, 
1847 ;  she  was  born  in  Montgomery  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  22,  1829;  children  are:  James 
W.,  W.  Henry,  Frank  A.,  S.  Jennie,  G. 
Lewis,  Thos.  B.  A.,  Marion  D.,  Erminie 
E. ;  Mr.  W.  owns  one  of  the  finest  farms  in 
this  section  of  countrj',  and  is  beloved  by 
all  who  know  him. 

Watson  Henry,  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

Wats(m  Jas.  farmer;  P.  O.  Winnebago. 

1¥EL.D05«  SPEXCER  S.  Farmer; 
Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Rockford;  in  1835  Mr.  Wel- 
don  came  from  Keene,  N.  H.,  with  his 
father,    to    Ottawa,    La    Salle    Co.,    and 


camped  on  Covel  Creek,  near  that  pioneer 
settler  of  La  Salle  Co.,  Joseph  Ebersol ; 
the  ne.xt  summer  he  came  witii  his  fatlicr 
lo  this  Co.,  and  has  resided  here  ever 
since;  the  old  log  house  they  built  in  1836 
is  still  standing,  in  a  remarkable  degree  of 
preservation;  Mr.  8.  was  born  in  Keene, N. 
H.,  in  1825;  married  Agnes  Kelly,  April 
26,  W'm;  she  was  born  in  Scotland,  in 
1825 ;  they  are  among  the  oldest  living  res- 
idents ot  this  Tp. 

Wells  R.  L.  farm;  Sec.  16;  P.O.  Winnebago. 

Winslow  E.W.  station  agt;  P.O.Winnebago. 

WRAY  SA.niJEL.  T.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Elida;  born 
in  Perry  Co.,  Pa. ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1855 ; 
owns  100  acres  land,  worth  ^5,000;  Re- 
publican; Presbj'terian;  married  Martha 
Scott,  in  1871;  she  was  born  in  Pa.,  in 
1852;  her  father  is  an  old  settler  of  this 
Co.,  and  a  physician;  have  three  children, 
Clara  B.,  David  C.  and  Clarence. 

WR1«HT  WM.  L,.  Farmer;  Sec.  27; 
P.  O.  Elida;  born  in  Yorkshire,  England, 
July  14,  1826;  owns  242  acres  land;  came 
to  this  Co.  in  1845;  re>ided  in  Ogle  Co.  5 
years,  when  he  moved  to  the  southein  part 
"of  the  State  and  lived  there  about  10  years ; 
then  he  returned  to  this  Co.;  married 
Christina  Geiger,  in  1853;  she  was  born 
June  5,  1834;  Mr.  Wright  lived  with  his 
father  until  he  was  27  years  old,  when  he 
lelt  and  worked  by  the  month  in  Byron, 
111.;  from  this  he  has  risen  to  one  of  the 
wealthiest  farmers  in  the  Co. 


652 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTORY: 


ROCKTON  TOWNSHIP. 


A  DAMS  DARIUS,  retired ;  Rockton. 

Adams  Isaac,  merchant;  Rockton. 

Armatage  John,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Aspland  George,  renter;  Rockton. 

Aspland  James,  speculator;  Rockton. 

Aspland  James,  Jr.,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Austin  A.  M.  farmer;  Sec.l6;  P.O.  Rockton. 

Austin  E.  M.  book  keeper;  Rockton. 

Austin  H.  farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Austin  W.  W.  farmer;  Sec.l6;  P.O.Rockton. 

AXE  W.  R.  Machinist;  Rockton;  born 
in  Englrtud,  July  32,  1821 ;  learned  his 
trade  in  Sheffield,  England ;  came  to  Prov- 
idence, R.  I.,  in  1842;  worked  at  his  trade 
there  13  years;  came  to  this  town  in  18G6, 
and  in  connection  with  Mr.  Widdowson 
erected  a  foundry  and  machine  shop,  in 
1867 ;  married  Olive  P.Marshall,  in  N.Y.,in 
1848 ;  she  was  born  in  Maine. 

BACO:Sf  JOHi\,  Farmer;  Sec.  31; 
P.  O  Rockion;  born  in  Frankfort, 
Maine, on  June  24,1803;  moved  toDutcliess 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1836;  lived  there  4  years; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1840,  and  it  has  since 
been  his  home;  owns  240  acres  land;  mar- 
ried Ermina  Seaver,  in  N.  Y.,  Aug.  1837; 
she  was  l)<)rn  in  E<sex  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1815; 
died  in  this  Co.,  May  27,  1863. 

Baker  Rufus,  money  loaner;  Rockton. 

Baker  Samuel,  painter:  Rockton. 

Baker  William,  blacksmith;  Rockton. 

Bartholomew  O.  F.  tinsmith;  Rockton. 

Bartholomew  S.  tinsmith;  Rockton. 

Bater  H.  E.  miller;  Rockton. 

Bates  E.  S.  farmer;  Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Bellows  Hiram,  retired;  Rockton. 

Bentley  Caleb,    attorney  at  law ;  Rockton. 

BESfTLEY  FREDERICK  J. 

Fanner;  Sec.  11;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in 
Columbia  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  22,  1822;  came 
to  this  Co.  with  his  father  and  brother,  in 
1846;  his  father  and  brother  died  2  years 
afterwards  in  Chicago,  with  cholera;  Mr. 
Bentley  owns  200  acres  land  on  Sec.  11, 
40  acres  on  Sec.  9,  20  acres  on  Sec.  16; 
married  Sarah  Crandall,  in  Berlin,  N.  Y., 
Jan.  !J,  1843 ;  she  was  born  in  Berlin,  N.  Y., 
Feb.  17,  1823;  h'lve  four  children,  Mary 
(now  Mrs.  C.  A.  Strickland),  born  in  June, 
1845;  Alice  H.  (now  Mrs.  R.  B.  Meach), 
June  26,  1849;  Wm.  Northrup,  Nov.  2, 
1852. 

Bentley  W.  farmer;  Sec.l2;  P.O.Beloit,  Wis. 

Benton  George,  mail  carrier;  Rockton. 

Benton  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Beeby  W.  S.  mail  carrier ;  Rockton. 


Bingham  Allen,  retired ;  Rockton. 
Bingham  Robert,  laborer;  Rockton. 

BLACK  ED\%"ARD,  RetiredFarmer; 
Rockton;  born  in  Ireland,  March  5,  1844; 
moved  to  this  country  with  his  parents 
in  1855;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857,  and  it 
has  since  been  his  home;  enlisted  in  74th 
Regt.  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  A,  in  Aug.,  1862;  was 
promoted  Second  Sergeant  fur  meritorious 
services;  was  in  battles  of  Stone  Kiver, 
Murfeesboro,  and  all  through  to  Atlanta; 
was  honorably  discharged  in  June,  1865; 
married  Maiy  Chapman,  in  Rockford, 
this  Co.,  March  5,  1869;  she  was  born  in 
this  Co.,  July  13,  1845;  they  have  three 
children,  Clara,  born  Feb.  5,  1870;  Eugene, 
Aug.  16,  1875 ;  Frances,  May  2,  1877. 

Blake  Amos,  retired ;  Rockton. 

Blake  E.  A.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Blish  E.  watchman ;  Rockton. 

Bliss  A.  D.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Blunt  Thomas,  farmer;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Boon  Aaron,  retired ;  Rockford. 

Boon  C.  E.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Boon  Joseph,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Boon  S.  S.  stage  driver ;  Rockton. 

Bordman  C.  farmer;  Sec.  31;  P.O.  Rockton. 

Borthe  A.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Brown  Amos,  renter;  Sec.l9;  P.O.Rockton. 

Biyden  Charles,  cooper;  Rockton. 

Burk  Andrew,  contractor;  Rockton. 

Burns  John,  laborer ;  Rockton. 

Busher  D.  wheelwright ;  Rockton. 

Butler  D.  S.  lime  kiln ;  Rockton. 

Butler  Robert,  works  with  father ;  Rockton. 

CALVIN  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O. 
Rockton. 
Cardell  Ednion,  retired;  Rockton. 

CARPElfTER  DAVID,  Retired 
Farmer;  P.  O.  Hockton;  born  in  Berk- 
shire Co.,  Mass.,  March  15,  1808;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1836;  owns  170  acres  land; 
was  one  of  the  first  Jurors  that  were 
selected  in  the  Co.;  was  elected  Super- 
visor several  years;  has  been  President  of 
Board  of  Village  Trustees  last  5  years; 
has  been  Superintendent  and  Trustee  oi 
the  Congregational  Church  12  years;  mar- 
ried Miss  Julia  M.  Pettibone,  in  Saratoga 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  7,  1836;  they  came  to 
this  place  on  their  wedding  tour;  located 
here,  and  it  has  since  been  their  home ; 
Mrs.  Cai'penter  was  born  in  St.  Lawrence 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  15,  1814. 

CARPENTER  JOHX  H.  Born  in 
Berkshire  Co.,  Mass.,  May  19,  1797,  and 
graduated  at  Williams  College,  in  1834, 


ROOKTON    TOWNSHIP. 


663 


and  at  the  Berkshire  Medical  College  in 
1827.  Soon  after,  he  with  his  brotlier, 
George,  purchased  a  hotel  in  Tro3%  N.  Y., 
where  they  located,  George  atteniling  to 
tlie  aftairs  of  the  hotel  and  John  H.  prac- 
ticing medicine.  A  few  montlis  later 
their  property  was  destroyed  by  tire,  anil 
being  only  partially  insured,  involved 
them  in  debt.  The  Doctor  soon  after 
abandoned  his  profession,  and  becoming 
a  stockholder  in  "The  Brattleboro  Typo- 
graph  Co,"  of  Vermont,  engaged  in  sell- 
ing one  of  their  propo^^ed  works,  "The 
Comprehensive  Commentary,"  which, 
like  most  works  of  a  similar  nature,  was 
sold  by  subscription  in  advance  of  publi- 
cation. In  1836,  he  made  a  trip  West,  and 
located  a  claim  on  Rock  River  at  the 
place  now  known  as  Rockton,  and  return- 
ing East,  resumed  his  labors,  selling 
"The  Commentary."  In  this  work  he  was 
eminently  successful,  being  instrumental 
in  putting  into  circulation  live  thousand 
sets  of  "The  ComprehensiveCommentary," 
in  five  states,  viz:  Filteen  hundred  in 
Mass.  and  Conn.,  about  the  same  number 
m  Kentucky  and  Indiana,  and  two  thou- 
sand in  Illinois.  But  the  company  who 
proposed  to  publish  the  work  tailed,  so  he 
was  not  made  very  rich  by  his  eilbi'ts  in 
that  direction.  He  ne.xt  engaged  for  sev- 
eral years  in  the  agency  of  the  American 
Bible  Society,  both  in  Wisconsin  and 
Illinois,  although  continuing  to  reside  at 
his  old  homestead  in  Rockton,  where  he 
carried  on  the  farm  by  proxy,  never  hav- 
ing been  married;  has  been  a  member  of 
the  Congregational  Church  in  Rockton 
for  some  forty  years,  and  a  Deacon  for 
nineteen  years,  and  has  been  a  contributor 
to  most  of  the  benevolent  objects  of  the 
day,  and  has  been  especially  active  in  the 
cause  of  temperance  and  antislavery,  and 
above  all  the  support  of  true  and  genuine 
Christianity,  which  requires  us  to  do  good 
to  all  and  evil  to  none. 

Carpenter  T.  M.  Rockton. 

€ARR  CALEB,  Farmer;  Sec.  11;  P. 
O.  Beloit,  Wis  ;  born  in  Columbia  Co., 
N.  Y.,  July  18,  1820;  moved  from  there  to 
Mich.,  in  1842;  lived  there  until  1852; 
California  two  years;  moved  to  Iowa  in 
in  the  spring  of  1856;  came  from  there  to 
this  Co.,  in  I860;  owns  100  acres  land; 
married  Cinderella  Lewis,  Oneida  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Nov.  1,  1847;  she  was  born  in  N. 
,Y.,  Nov.  6,  1820. 

CARR  CHAS.  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  10; 
P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis.;  born  in  lona,  May 
27.  1857;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1800;  married 
Miss  Julia  Sanders,  in  Beloit.  Wis..  March 
10,  1877;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  May  24, 
1856. 

Case  E.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Case  Edwin,  wagon  maker;  Rockton. 

Chamberlin  W.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O. 
Beloit,  Wis. 


Chamberlin  J.   F.    farmer;   Sec.  10;    P.  O. 

Beloit,  Wis. 

CHAPllAlf  F.IUm,  Farmer  and 
Fruit  Grower;  Sees.  32  and  20;  P.  O. 
Rockton,  born  in  N.  Y.,  SejU.  17,  1809; 
moved  to  Michigan  in  1833;  lived  there  8 
3'ears;  moved  back  to  N.  Y.;  stayed  there 
8  months;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1842;  has 
held  various  township  oHices;  owns  162 
acres  land;  there  arc  1,200  apple  trees  on 
it;  many  of  them  are  Ix'uring;  lirst  wife 
was  Gertrude  Jones;  they  were  married 
in  Michigan  ;  present  wife  was  Mary  Wal- 
lace ;  they  were  married  in  Janesville,Wis. 

Chapman  Edom,  Jr.,  renter;  Sec.  83;  P.  O. 
Rockton. 

Chapman  H.  renter;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

CHASE  J.  E.  Farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.O. 
Rockton;  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Dec.  25,  1830;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845; 
has  been  Scliool  Director  9  years;  first 
wife  was  Jane  Newton  ;  present  wife  was 
Matilda  Jane  Vandenburg;  they  were  mar- 
ried in  Clinton,  Iowa;  she  was  born  in 
Canada. 

CHEXEY  O.  A.  Farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O. 
Beloit,  Wis.;  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y., 
April  6,  1833;  moved  witli  his  parents  to 
Rock  Co.,  Wis.,  in  the  fall  of  1841;  here 
he  learned  the  carriage  trade;  in  1856  he 
entered  the  Milton  Academy;  stayed  there 
2  years;  taught  school  from  time  of  leav- 
ing until  1861,  when  he  enlisted  in  13th 
Wis.  Regf.,  Co.  H,  V.  I.;  served  3  years 
and  3  months;  was  honorably  discharL'^ed: 
returned  home;  was  admitted  to  the  Wis- 
consin and  Iowa  Bar  in  1866,  and  ])i'ac- 
ticed  law  several  years;  in  1^69  he  pur- 
chased the  Boone  County  Advertiser,  and 
under  his  management  it  became  one  of 
tiie  most  vigorous  of  the  Republican  pa- 
pers in  the  State  of  Iowa,  in  advocating 
the  election  of  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant  for  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  Stales;  he  sold  ihis 
office  in  1873;  in  1872  he  purfhased  half 
interest  in  town  site  of  Rock  Rajiids,  la. ; 
bought  an  office  and  pulilished  the  Rock 
Jiiipiils  Review ;  in  this  jiaprr  he  strongly 
advocated  the  re-election  of  Grant ;  he  has 
ever  been  an  earnest  worker  in  the  Repub- 
lican party,  and  opposed  to  all  laws  favor- 
ing human  bondage,  and  has  on  several 
occasions  stumjied  different  parts  of  the 
State  of  Iowa  in  belialf  of  the  party  that 
carried  us  safely  through  to  victory  in  the 
dark  night  of  war;  he  was  honored  with 
variousofiicesof  trust  during  his  residence 
in  that  State;  he  married  Miss  Nellie  M. 
Saxe,  in  Janesville,  Wis.,  Dec.  fi,  1864; 
she  was  born  in  Greene  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct. 
7,  1839. 

Clark  C.  C.  miller;  Rockton. 

Clark  E.  N.  farmer;  Sec.  5;  P.O.  Beloit, Wis. 

Clark  John,  miller;  Rockton. 

Clark  Pat.  retireil;  Rockton. 

Clover  Charles,  prop,  meat  market;  Rockton. 


654 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIRECTOKT: 


CIvOVER  JOHX  1.  Proprietor  Meat 
Market;  Rockton;  born  in  England,  Jan. 
21,  1839;  moved  to  tliis  Co.  witli  his  pa- 
rents in  1844;  married  Emily  Shores,  in 
Beloit,  Wis.,  Oct.  2,  1862;  she  was  born 
April  5,  1841 ;  Mr.  Clover's  father,  John 
Clover,  came  to  this  Co.  in  1844;  was  one 
of  the  principal  contractors  in  the  build- 
ing of  the  N.  W.  R.  R. ;  also  one  of  tlie 
contractors  in  the  building  of  the  W.  U. 
R.  R. 

Coanix  H.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Cochran  E.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Collor  Abram,  wagon  maker ;  Rockton. 

Collor  Wm.  B.  works  in  grist  mill ;  Rockton. 

ColyerEd.  farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Comstock  Chas.  mail  agent ;  Rockton. 

Comstock  Joseph,  laborer ;  Rockton. 

Comstock  N.  R.  barber;  Rockton. 

COMSTOCK  R.  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  26; 
P.  O.  Rockton ;  born  in  Middlesex  Co., 
Conn.,  June  14,  1815 ;  learned  trade  of  car- 
penter and  joiner;  when  a  boy,  helped 
build  the  first  depot  in  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. ; 
drove  from  there  to  this  place  with  ox 
team  in  1839;  made  the  trip  in  14  daj'^s; 
helped  build  the  first  house  put  up  on 
Randolph  street,  Chicago ;  also  worked  on 
the  first  warehouse  built  in  Morris,  111. ; 
owns  89  acres  land ;  married  Hannah  Hor- 
ton  in  Morris,  this  State,  Jan.  10,  1848; 
she  was  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind.,  March 
21,  1828. 

Comstock  W.  W.  book-keeper ;  Rockton. 

Conklin  H.  W.  farmer ;  Sec.  32 ;  P.O.Rockton. 

Coons  T.  M.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Cooper  J.  C.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Cotteral  Pat.  laborer;  Rockton. 

CO  WEN  JAMES  S.  Merchant;  Rock- 
ton; born  in  Canada  West,  Dec.  15,  1835; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1848;  enlisted  in  74th 
Regt.,  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  A;  was  commissioned 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Co.  A,  74th  Regt., 
March  2,  1803;  was  commissioned  First 
Lieutenant,  Nov.  16,  1864;  the  rank  of 
Captain  by  brevet  was  conferred  on  him, 
April  20,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
service  at  the  battles  of  Stone  River,  Mis- 
sion Ridge.  Franklin  and  Nashville,  Tenn., 
and  in  the  Atlanta  campaign;  has  been 
married  twice ;  present  wife  was  Sarah  M. 
Lester. 

Cowan  Wm.  merchant;  Rockton. 

Cowles  J.  W.  prop,  mills;  Rockton. 

Crawford  C.  M.  blacksmith;  Rockton. 

Crawford  J.  J.  teamster ;  Rockton. 

Crawford  W.  P.  gardener;  P.  O. Rockton. 

Crimmins  J.  C.  carriage  trimmer ;  Rockton 

Cristin  Wm.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Crittenden  L.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Crosby  Jas.  works  in  paper  mill ;  Rockton. 

Cumiags  Ira,  mail  carrier ;  Rockton, 


Curry  John,  laborer ;  Rockton. 


D 


ARLIN  E.  O.  mechanic;  Rockton. 


Davis  E.  J.  carpenter  and  joiner;  Rockton, 
Davy  M.  laborer ;  Rockton. 
Deen  J.  W.  retired;  Rockton. 
Dewey  H.  D.  laborer;  Rockton. 
Dickinson  T.  broom-maker ;  Rockton. 
Dickinson  Wells,  broom-maker;  Rockton. 
Dougherty  Jas.  J.  paper-maker;  Rockton. 

DOUGLASS  JAMES  N.  Sexton; 
Rockton ;  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y., 
March  11,  1834;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Kaine,  Wis. ;  lived  there  ten  years ; 
came  to  this  Co.  in.  1853;  married  Miss 
Veness,  in  Beloit,  Wis.,  Jan.  25,  1854;  she 
was  born  in  England,  and  came  to  this  Co. 
with  her  parents  in  1839. 

Doyle  John,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Dresser  Frederick,  retired ;  Rockton. 

Druynois  J.  E.  retired  farmer ;  Rockton. 

ELLIS  GEORGE,  proprietor  blacksmith 
shop;  Rockton. 
Enos — ,  retired;  Rockton. 
Enos  L.  G.  retired ;  Rockton. 
Enos  S.  C.  retired;  Rockton. 
Erkenback  James,  miller ;  Rockton. 

FACKERILL  HENRY,  laborer;  Rock- 
ton. 

Fackerill  H.  C.  laborer;  Rockton. 

EAIRCHILDS  DAl^IEIi,  Farmer; 
P.  O.  Rockton ;  born  in  this  town,  Feb.  4, 
1848;  married  Miss  Diema  Springer,  in 
Beloit,  Wis.,  Feb.  11,  1863;  she  was  born 
in  Hancock  Co.,  Maine,  June  12,  1852; 
Mr.  Fairchilds'  father,  Daniel  Fairchilds, 
Sr.,  settled  in  this  Co.  in  1830. 

Fairchilds  E.  farm;  S.  14;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Fairchilds  H.  farmer;  Sec.  14;  P.O.Rockton. 

FAIRCHILJ>  LE^VIS,  Farmer; 
Sec.  14;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  St.  Law- 
rence Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  7,  1825 ;  came  from 
there  to  Beloit,  Wis.,  in  1855 ;  thence  to 
Winnebago  Co.,  in  1860 ;  owns  236  acres 
land;  is  School  Director;  married  Miss 
Lucinda  Hurd,  in  St. Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.. 
Oct.  10,  1847;  she  was  born  in  Jefferson 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  October,  1824;  have  four 
children:  Melvin,  born  July  12,  1848; 
Emma,  Jan.  1,  1850;  Henry,  Nov.  23, 
1852;  Mary,  Dec.  12,  1857,  died  Sept.  4, 
1877;  Alice,  Oct.  16,  1865;  his  oldest  son, 
Melvin,  enlisted  in  43d  Wis.  Inf,  Co.  G., 
re-enlisted  in  September,  1864;  was  hon- 
orably discharged  in  June,  1865. 

Farmer  H.  farmer ;  Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

FARMER  IVILLIAM,  Farmer ; 
Sec.  25 ;  P.  O.  Rockton ;  born  in  this  town, 
July  14,  1842;  married  Miss  Alma  Mar- 
tin;   she    was    born    in    Vermont;    Mr, 


ROCKTON   TOWNSHIP. 


655 


Farmer  has  been  Road  Conmiissionor  u 
number  of  years;  owns  140  atres  land. 

Favor  O.  rents  farm;  Sec.  24;  P.O.  Rockton. 

Feakins  George,  miller;  Rockton. 

FI.ETCHER  B.  F.  Millwright;  P.O. 
Rockton;  born  in  Caledonia  Co.,  Vt., 
June  21,  1812;  he  helped  manufacture  the 
first  pair  of  Fairbanks  Scales  that  were 
made;  has  worked  manufacturing  them 
several  j'^ears  in  St.  Jouesburg,  Vt.,  and 
Canada,  and  has  sold  them  in  a  number 
of  the  Western  and  Southern  States;  he 
also  built  and  fitted  machinery  in  several 
of  the  first  mills  put  up  in  this  Co. 

Forester  Chester,  gunsmith ;  Rockton. 

Forester  E.  J.  Yankee  notions  peddler; 
Rockton. 

Forester  Judson,  peddler ;  Rockton. 

Forward  George,  teamster;  Rockton. 

Forward  Jonah,  butcher ;  Rockton. 

Forward  William,  teamster ;  Rockton. 

Freed  H.  B.  machme  tender  in  paper  mill. 

/^ AGON  JOHN,  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Gammon  Roscoe,  propr  meat  mkt ;  Rockton. 
Gammon  T.  W.  laborer. 
Gaton  George,  farmer;  S.  7;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Gates  B.  B.  miller;  Rockton. 
Gavin  John,  laborer ;  Rockton. 
Glazier  Henry,  laborer;  Rockton. 
Gleaseman  F.  farm ;  Sec.  32 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Gleaseman  J.  farm;  Sec.  31;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Gleaseman  V.  farm;  Sec.  22;  P.O. Rockton. 
Glover  Thomas,  painter;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Goodwin  A.  P.  retired  farmer;  Rockton. 
Graham  Henry,  farm;  S.  32;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

GRAHAM  HE:SfRY,  Farmer;  Sec. 
2;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  Penn.,  Dec.  20, 
1823 ;  learned  the  trade  of  mason  there, 
and  worked  at  it  a  number  of  years  in 
Pittsburg,  New  Orleans,  and  Cincinnati; 
came  to  Beloit,  Wis.,  in  1845 ;  lived  there 
seven  j^ears;  he  then  came  to  this  Co., 
which  has  since  been  his  home:  owns  200 
acres  land;  has  held  various  offices;  first 
wife  was  Melissa  Shurtleff;  they  were 
married  in  Jauesville,  Wis.,  in  18r)0;  she 
was  born  in  Canada,  in  1830,  died  in 
1856 ;  married  present  wife  (maiden  name 
Ellen  Foster)  in  Edwardsburg,  Mich.,  in 
1858;  she  was  born  in  Huron  Co.,  Ohio, 
March  8,  1831;  ]\Ir.  Graham  had  three 
brothers  in  the  army,  one  of  whom  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson. 

Gray  Robt.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Graves  E.  L.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Graves  H.  retired ;  Rockton. 

ORAVES  WARREX  II.  Farmer 
and  Stock  Raiser :  Sec.  17  ;  P.O.  Rockton  ; 
bom  in  N.  Y.,  Oct.  29,  1839;  owns  191 


acres  land;  enlisted  in  30th  N.  Y.  I.  V.  I., 
C'o.  H,  in  June,  1801;  was  honorably  di.s- 
chargcd  in  1803;  was  in  st-veral  buttles 
and  skirmishes;  married  CMara  E.  Farns- 
worlh,  in  Beloit,  Wis.,  Jan.  21,  1807;  she 
was  born  in  Eaton,  (;anada,  Sept.  27,1H32; 
have  had  tiiree  children:  Walter  Tiioma.s, 
born  Julv  24,  1871 ;  Nettie  Clara,  Oct.  27, 
1874;  Stephen  Henry,  June  11,  1808,  died 
June  21,  1868. 

Green  Jas.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Greenley  M.  P.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Gridley  J.  C.  retired  ;  Rockton. 

GRI'eEITII  .IXO.  Farmer;  Sec.  36; 
P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  Wales,  Jan.  4, 
1816;  came  to  Cincinnati  in  1830;  went 
from  there  to  St.  Louis;  lived  there  three 
years;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1840;  owns  230 
acres  laud;  married  Miss  Catherine  Web- 
ber, in  this  town,  March  1,  1860;  she  was 
born  in  England. 

Griflitch  W.  farm;  Sec.'.S;   P.  O.  Shirland. 

Groat  Henr3%  carpenter ;  Rockton. 


H 


ANAWAY  JAS.  fireman;  Rockton. 


Harper  David,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Harper  Thos.  miscellaneous;  Rockton. 

Hart  A.  T.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Hays  Pat.  mechanic ;  Rockton. 

Haywood  — ,  merchant ;  Rockton. 

Heath  W.  H.  mechanic ;  Rockton. 

Hennesey  Michael,  laborer;  Rockton. 

HERRICK  A.  B.  Farmer;  Sec.  27; 
P.  O.  Rockton ;  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  April  26,  1820;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1845;  owns  210  acres  land;  married  Lydia 
Ann  Young,  in  Rockton,  in  1840;  she  was 
born  in  Bufialo,  N.  Y.,  in  1828. 

Herrick  Chas.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.O.  Ogle. 

Herrick  P.  M.  farm ;  Sec.  27 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

HERSEY  SAMUEL,  Farmer;  Sec. 
7;  P.O.  Rockton:  born  in  Oxford  Co.,  Me., 
July  27,  1814;  came  to  this  Co.  in  May, 
1838;  owns  80  acres  land ;  first  wife  was 
Hannah  Cole ;  they  M-ere  married  in  Beloit, 
Sept.  2,  1842;  she  was  born  in  Oxford  Co., 
Me.;  she  died  April  29,  1853;  had  three 
children  bv  this  marriage:  Horatio,  born 
in  Rockton,  Dec.  14,  1843;  he  enlisted, 
Jan.  4,  1864,  in  9th  I  V.  C.  Co.  I;  wa.s 
killed  in  battle  of  Campbellvilie,  Tenn., 
Nov  24  1804:  Henry  Osgood,  born  in 
Rockton',  Oct.  25,  1847;  the  tiiird  son  died 
in  infancy;  present  wife  was  P.  H.  Tal- 
cott:  they  were  married  in  liockton.  May 
17,  1854;  she  was  born  in  Rome,  N.  Y., 
March  4,  1822;  the  children  of  present 
wife  are':  Thos.  Arthur,  born  April  17, 
1^55;  he  lost  his  right  arm  in  a  threshing 
machine  when  16  years  old;  since  tiien  he 
has  tauirht  school';  Ida  ^laria,  born  July 
7,  1857;"  Mary  Emma,  Aug.  22,  1800;  Har 
riet  AUaline,  June  20,  1864. 


656 


WINNEBAGO    COTJNTY   DIRECTORY: 


Hewitt  F.  J.  mechanic ;  Rockton. 

Hickey  Jas.  farraei  ;  Sec.  5;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Hicks  W.  G.  renter;  Sec.  84;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Hill  B.  B.  gunsmith;  Rockton. 

Hipwell  W.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Hollenbeck  G.  cooper  and  mason;  Rocktoa. 

HOLIilSTER  OEO.  H.  born  in 
Mai-shfield,  Washington  Co..  Vt..  Dec.  13, 
1822,  where  he  remained  till  1850,  when 
he  removed  to  Rockton,  Winnebago  Co., 
111.,  where  he  has  since  resided;  was 
elected  Supervisor  of  Rockton  for  four 
consecutive  years;  held  the  office  of  Post- 
master for  seven  3-ears;  has  held  the  office 
of  Townohip  Treasurer  of  School  Fund 
for  16  j'ears;  in  July,  1875,  -was  appointed 
State  Commissioner  of  Public  Charities, 
by  Gov.  Beveridge,  which  he  held  till 
1877,  when  he  resigned,  being  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  which 
position  he  still  occupies;  Mr.  H.'s  princi- 
pal business  has  been  farming  ??  and 
Real  Estate;  married  Miss  Elizabeth  H. 
Pettibone,  in  1852,  who  died  Sept.  20, 
1860,  leaving  one  son,  Harry  L. ;  married 
Miss  Fannie  E.  Hooker,  Dec.  11,  1861; 
have  four  children:  Willie  C,  born  Nov. 
18,  1862;  Fred,  Aug.  21,  1865;  Mary  B., 
Jan.  29,  1871 ;  Fannie,  Sept.  11,  1873. 

Holmes  T.  S.  laborer;  Rockton. 

HOOK£R  DR.  HARXEY,  (De- 
ceased), whose  portrait  appears  in  this 
work,  was  born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  Dec.  9, 
1792,  being  descended  in  direct  line  from 
Rev.  Thos.  Hooker.  He  early  selected 
the  study  of  medicine,  and  thoroughly  and 
devotedly  fitted  himself  to  practice  this 
profession.  Located,  when  a  young  man, 
at  Syracuse.  In  Feb.,  1827,  he  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Mar}'  Beardslee,  of 
Auburn,  N.  Y.,  where  he  afterwards  re- 
sided until  in  1839,  when  he  removed  to 
the  "far  west,"  intending  to  locate  in  Mar- 
shall, Mich.  On  his  arrival  there,  the 
cholera  was  sweeping  otf  the  inhabitants 
of  that  place  at  a  fearful  rate.  He  dared 
not  stop  with  his  young  family,  and  so 
pushed  on  toward  the  settina:  sun.  Provi- 
dence directed  his  steps  to  Rockton,  Win- 
nebago Co.,  111.,  (then  called  Pecatonica,) 
bearing  a  letter  of  introduction  to  Deacon 
Pettibone.  Here  he  located  and  remained 
till  his  death,  which  occur]-ed  March  16, 
1867,  aged  74  years.  Dr.  Hooker  was  a 
physician  of  extensive  and  successful  prac- 
tice, widely  known  and  greatly  respected. 
He  was  a  man  of  strong  religious  princi- 
ples, a  devout  and  consistent  member  of 
the  Congregational  Church,  and  in  his 
practice  as  a  physician  and  in  his  private 
walks  of  life,  he  ever  adorned  his  Chris- 
tian profession.  Six  children  were  born 
to  him:  Wni.  Chellis.  born  Sept.  13,  1828; 
Jas  Hart,  June  23, 1830,  died  in  Sacramen, 
to,  Cal.,  July  15.  1874;  Edward  Payson, 
Sept.  1,  1831;  Mary  J.  L.,  Aus.89,  1833; 


I  Geo.  Rudd,  Sept.  24,  1835,  died  in  Rock- 
ton, Aug.  18,  1874;  Frances  £.,  Sept.  13, 
j  1838.  He  lived  to  see  his  sous  and  daugh- 
j  ters  attain  to  man  and  womanhood,  occu- 
pying honorable  po-itious  in  society,  illus- 
trating the  value  of  wise  and  virtuous  par- 
ental precept  and  example. 

Howard  Jos.  laborer ;  Rockton. 

Howard  Michael,  Rockton. 

Hudson  David,  blacksmith;  Rockton. 

Hudson  J.W.blacksmith  and  xarm ;  Rockton. 

Huff  J.  A.  laborer ;  Rockton. 

Hughs  John,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Hugins  G.  carpenter;  Rockton. 

Humphrey  J.  H.  merchant;  Rockton. 

Hunt  Robt.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Hunt  W.  J.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Hutchinson  David,  farmer;  Rockton. 

JACKMx\NP.  D.  farmer;   Sec.  18;   P.O. 
Rockton. 
James  E.  J.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Jeffres  A.  laborer ;  Sec.  32 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

JEXISO:Sf  S.  P.  Farmer;  Sec.  10;  P.O. 
Rockton;  born  in  Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y., 
March  2,  1835;  owns  197  acres  land  in 
Wis.;  enlisted  in  6th  N.  Y.  V.  C,  Oct. 
16,  1861;  was  promoted  Corporal;  was 
honorably  discharged  in  June,  1865;  was 
in  battles  of  Chancellorville,  Gettysburg, 
South  Mountain,  Smilhfield,  and  others; 
was  wounded  in  skirmish  at  Deep  Bottom, 
on  Junes  river;  married  Annie  A.  Davi- 
son, in  N.Y.,  March  6, 1856;  she  was  born 
in  N.  Y.,  June  28,1836;  have  one  child 
living,  Hathalia  E.,  born  in  N.  Y.,  July  6, 
1859. 

Jessup  C.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

JESSITP  SIIiAS,  Farmer;  Sec.  9; 
P.  O.  Rockton ;  born  in  N.  Y.,  May  23, 
1813;  came  to  Ogle  Co.,  this  State,  in  1842; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1857;  owns  200  acres 
land ;  married  Mary  Calender,  in  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  25.  1843;  she  was  born  in  N. 
Y.,  April  25,  1814;  have  two  children  liv- 
ing :  Mary,  born  Sept.  6,  1845 ;  Calender, 
April  25,  1850;  lost  two,  Elizabeth  and 
Henry. 

Jinkens  J.  H.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Jinkens  Seth  L.  foreman  sorting  room; 
Rockton. 

Johnson  D.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Johnson  E.  former;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Johnson  Jas.  farmer;  S(5c.  9;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Johnson  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  9;  P.O.Rockton. 

Jones  A.  C.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Jones  H.  B.  retired  farm ;  Sec.  16 ;  Rockton. 

T7-EELEY  PHILLIP,  laborer;  Rockton. 

KELL.EY  R.  R.  Farmer;  Sec.  10;  P. 
O.  Beloit,  Wis. ;  born  in  Saratoga  Co.,  N. 


KOOKTON   TOWNSHIP. 


667 


Y.,  in  1816;  moved  from  there  to  Iowa  in 
1850;  lived  there  ton  years;  was  in  Quar- 
termaster's Department,  in  tiie  service  of 
the  Government,  four  years ;  went  to  AVis- 
consin  in  18(5.");  lived  there  until  1874, 
when  he  came  to  this  Co.;  married  Maria 
Perry,  in  New  York,  in  1839;  she  wjis 
born  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1832;  Mr. 
KeUey  owns  80  acres  land. 

Kimball  J.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Kincade  L.  A.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Kincade  N.  B.  restaurant  and  bakerv ;  Rock- 
ton. 

Kinsley  E.  blacksmith;  Rockton. 

Kinsley  AViliiam,  blacksmith;  Rockton. 

KIPP  I>AV1D  G.  Farmer;  Sec.  28; 
P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  Greene  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Nov.  22,  18:W;  came  to  this  Co.  in  18Gu; 
enlisted  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  E,  in  Septem- 
ber, 1862;  honorably  discharged  in  1865; 
was  in  battles  of  Stone  River,  Mission 
Ridge,  Kenesaw,  and  others;  was  severely 
wounded  in  left  arm,  left  leg  and  head  in 
the  battle  of  Kenesaw. 

LAKE  V.  A.  Grain  and  Coal  Dealer; 
Rockton;  liorn  in  Canada,  Feb.9,  1824; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1843;  has  held  various 
township  offices;  married  Miss  S.  M. 
Taft,  in  Wisconsin,  Oct.  25,  1850;  she  was 
born  in  Ohio,  Feb.  26,  1826;  slie  moved 
with  her  parents  to  this  Co.  in  1836. 

Lally  John,  Rockton. 

Lamb  Chas.  farmer;  Sec. 20;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Lamb  D.  C.  farmer;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Lappin  Martin,  retired ;  Rockton. 

Lawrence  Luther,  retired ;  Rockton. 

Lawshe  Wm.  propr  New  England  House, 
Rockton. 

Lynch  Thos.  farm;  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Lyon  J.  G.  farmer;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Shirland. 


M 


cCARTHY  FLORENCE,  Rockton. 


McConnel  J.  C.  laborer;  Rockton. 
McCue  Michael,  laborer;  Rockton. 
McDonald  James,  laborer;  Rockton. 
McGrath  E.  laborer;  Rockton. 
McKaj^  J.  R.  laborer;  Rockton. 
McKay  W.  W.  speculator;  Rockton. 

McLAROX  DUXCAX,  Farmer;  Sec. 
20;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  Pertshire, 
Scotland,  in  1847;  came  to  this  State  in 
1860;  to  this  Co.  in  the  spring  of  1877; 
married  Jennie  Millinie,  in  Rockford; 
she  was  born  in  Scotland. 

McMickin  Jas,  laborer;  S.  34;  P.O. Rockton. 

Magilton  William,  retired;  Rockton. 

Maher  James,  mechanic;  Rockton. 

Mallums  Robert,  cooper;  Rockton. 

Manchester  Thomas,  agent ;  Rockton. 

Mannard  T.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockton. 


Manning  C.  D.  retired;  Rockton. 

HIAIVIVIKI.  V.  li.  It.  Harness  Maker; 
Rockton;  liorn  ui  Oniario,  Canada,  Feb. 
19,  1821;  came  to  tliis  Co.  in  1M4H;  lioids 
tlie  ollice  of.Iusliee  of  llie  Peace,  and  has 
been  School  Director  seven  years;  mar- 
rietl  Miss  Jane  Haker,  in  Ontario,  Canada; 
she  was  born  in  St.  Lawrence  ('o.,  N.  Y.; 
had  one  son  (Chas.  Dewey  Manning.)  in 
tliearmy;  he  enlisted  in  the  9th  L  V.  C. 
in  1862. 

Manning  F.  R.  harness  maker. 

MARTI X  V.  R.  Farmer;  P.  (J.  Rock- 
ton;  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Vermont, 
July  18,  1832;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1851; 
has  been  Town  Collector  and  Constable 
lor  the  last  fourteen  years;  has  been 
Deputy  Sherifl'  five  years;  married  Miss 
Mary  C.  Cardell,  in  this  town  and  Co.,  in 
October,  1855;  she  was  born  in  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Vermont,  in  1854. 

MARTIX  KRWIX,  Farmer;  P.  O. 
Rockton;  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Ver- 
mont, April  25,  1821;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1851 ;  owns  150  acres  land,  on  Sees.  19,  5, 
and  29;  owns  one  block  of  town  property; 
has  been  School  Director  several  terms; 
married  Miss  Ciiroline  IJ.  Wheeler,  in  Vl., 
Jan.  1,  1846;  she  was  born  in  Vermont, 
July  2,  1827. 

Martin  G.  W.  clerk ;  Rockton. 

Martin  E.  W.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Ma.xon  — ,  laborer ;  Rockton. 

Ma.\on  A.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Maxon  A.  B.  laborer. 

MEECH  RICHARD  R.  Farmer; 
Sec.  16;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  Canada, 
Jan.  2,  1840;  came  t-.  this  Co.  in  1857; 
owns  160  acres  land;  married  Alice  II. 
Bentley,  in  Beloit,  Wis.,  Jan.  20,  1869;  she 
w'as  born  in  Rockton,  Jan.  26,  1849;  have 
two  children,  Freddie  ,\ithur,  born  Aug. 
22,  1871;  Nellie,  Oct.  4,  1876. 

Merrill  F.  AV.  merchant;  Rockton. 

MERRILL  J.  A.  Telegraph  Opera- 
tor; Rockton;  born  in  tliis  town  and  Co., 
Nov.  6,  1857;  his  father,  F.  W.  Merrill, 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1843;  is  engat'cd  in 
the  mercantile  business;  he  married  Miss 
Harriet  S.  Hollister,  in  Grafton  Co.,  N. 
H.,  Aug.  20.  1844;  slie  was  born  in  N.  H., 
Marcirsi,  1825. 

Merrill  William,  eleik  ;  Rockton. 

MERRITT  J.  R.  Superintendent  of 
the  Winnebago  Paper  Mill;  Rf)ckton; 
was  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec  27, 
1830;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1857;  is  Super- 
visor; this  is  the  third  term  that  he  has 
represented  his  town  in  the  Co.  Board; 
has  held  various  other  offices;  married 
Miss  Frances  E.  ]SIellen.  in  the  town  of 
Roscoe,  this  Co.;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y. 

Miller  Geo.  renter;  Sec.  22;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Miller  Lewis,  farmer;  Rockton. 


658 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIEECTOKT: 


Miller  M.  farmer ;  Sec.  22 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Miller  M.  M.  renter;  Sec.  18;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Miller  R.  C.  renter;  Sec.  23;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Mills  Wm.  retired;  Rockton. 
Moffatt  G.  E.  renter;  Sec.  34;  P.O.  Rockton. 
Moffatt  G.  N.  renter;  Sec. 34;  P.O.  Rockton. 
MofTatt  R.  N.  renter ;  Sec.34 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Montarne  K.  D.  L.  merchant;  Rockton. 

MOODY  EDMUlfD  W.  Farmer 
and  Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  21 ;  P.O.  Rockton: 
born  in  Niagara  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  1,  1830; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Racine,  Wis., 
in  1847;  came  from  there  to  this  Co.  in 
1850;  owns  250  aj^res  land;  married  Char- 
lotte M.  Fader,  in  town  of  Owen,  this  Co., 
April  3,  1856;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  in 
1835. 

Moody  S.  C.  farmer ;  Sec.  7 ;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Moran  John,  laborer;  Rockton. 

More  Jas.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Morgan  Josiah,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Morril  E.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Morrison  Michael,  section  boss;  Rockton. 

MORIf^E  JOHN,  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  10;  P.O.  Rockton;  born  in 
Maine,  April  25,  1820;  came  to  this  Co. 
with  his  parents  in  1838;  owns  350  acres 
land ;  Mr.  Morse  was  among  the  first  set- 
tlers in  this  Tp. 

MORSE  li.  B.  Farmer  and  Stock  Rais- 
er; Sec.  11;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. ;  born  in 
Lewis  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  26,  1831;  moved 
from  there  to  Rock  Co.,  Wis.,  in  1856; 
lived  there  two  years;  thence  to  Winneba- 
go Co.,  Wis.;  lived  there  ten  years;  thence 
to  this  Co.  in  1858;  owns  225  acres  land; 
married  Marietta  Carter,  in  Lewis  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  July  7,  1855 ;  she  was  born  in  Lewis 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  15,  1836;  have  four  chil- 
dren: Cordon  L.,  born  March  11,  1859; 
Sarah,  March  17,  1861;  Frank,  Feb.  7, 
1864;  Iva  Nellie,  July  7,  1868. 

Morse  Philip,  painter;  Rockton. 

MOSS  CHAS.  Farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O. 
Rockton;  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  20, 
1842;  moved  with  his  parents  to  this  Co. 
in  1852;  went  to  Cal.  in  1863;  lived  there 
until  the  spring  of  1868,  when  he  returned ; 
married  Viola  Smith,  in  N.  Y.  city,  in 
the  fall  of  1868;  she  was  born  in  this  Co., 
in  1845;  his  father,  Wm.  Moss,  was  born 
in  England;  came  to  N.  Y.  at  an  early 
age,  and  married  Betsey  Bates,  in  Troy, 
N.  Y. ;  she  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  N.  Y. 

MYROX  THOS.  Carpenter  and  Farm- 
er: Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  Berk- 
shire Co.,  Mass.,  Feb.  18,  1837;  moved  to 
this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1854;  owns  80 
acres  land;  first  wife  was  Ida  L.  Hum- 
phrey; they  were  married  in  Beloit,  Wis. ; 
she  was  born  in  Beloit,  in  1854;  died  Aug. 
2,  1874;  had  one  child  by  this  marriage, 
Maude  Ida,  born  July  27,  1874;  present 


wife  was  Sophia  Leavitt  Martin;  they 
were  married  in  Rockton,  June  20,  1877; 
she  was  born  in  Washington  Co.  Vt.,  June 
16, 1857 ;  Mr.  Carpenter's  father,  Thos.  Car- 
penter, was  born  in  Williamstown,  Mass., 
April  13,  1801;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
married  Ann  Graves,  in  N.  Y.,  Feb.  12, 
1829;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  June  13, 
1799;  he  died  in  this  town,  Jan.  20,  1874. 

-JVTEWELL  D.  peddler;  Rockton. 

Newell  Jason,  laborer;  Rockton. 

XEIVTOX  AI.AI¥SOX  IS.  (De- 
ceased;) born  in  Windsor,  Windsor  Co., 
Vt.  Aug.  1,  1795;  died  July  4,  1877;  came 
to  Beloit,  Wis.,  in  1844,  and  to  Rocktoc, 
Winnebago  Co.,  111.,  in  1848,  where  he 
has  since  resided;  married  Miss  Polly 
Prentice,  May  3,  1818;  she  died  Dec.  5, 
1830;  married  Miss  Eunice  Palmer,  July 
17,  1831 ;  she  died  in  April,  1877;  has  had 
seven  children :  Leonard  H.,  born  July  1, 
1821;  Mary  A.,  March  15,  1825;  Polly  J., 
Sept.  3,  1829;  Chas.  A.,  April  28,  1832; 
Albert  S.,  May  26,  1834;  Hiram  P.,  Jan. 
25,  1837;  Chauncey  D.,  Sept.  17,  1841; 
Miss  Mary  Coyle  has  been  as  one  of  the 
family  since  she  was  14  years  old,  and  was 
regarded  as  an  heir  to  the  estate  in  its  final 
settlement  by  will ;  Mr.  Newton  was  an 
honored  and  upright  man,  and  held  in 
high  esteem  by  all  who  knew  him,  as  a 
model  of  consistency ;  he  had  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Masonic  fraternity  for  over  60 
years. 

I^EWTON  CHAU:SfCEY  D.  Pro- 
fessor of  Penmanship;  Rockton;  born  in 
N.  Y.,  Sept.  17,  1841 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
with  his  ]mrents  in  1846;  married  Miss 
Mary  E.  Towne,  in  Mich.,  Feb.  27,  1867; 
she  was  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept. 
22,  1848. 

Northrup  H.  S.  butcher;  Rockton. 


o 


RR  R.  C.  machine  tender  in  paper  mill. 


Osborn  Henry,  meclianic;  Rockton. 
OsbornR.  C.  mechanic;  Rockton. 
Osgood  S.  W.  retired;  Rockton. 

"pADFIELD  E.  retired;  Rockton. 

PACKARD  W.  F.  Carpenter  and 
Builder;  Rockton;  born  in  Portland,  Me., 
July  31,1821;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1838; 
located  in  this  town,  and  it  has  since  been 
his  home;  he  has  been  Constable  6  years; 
married  Miss  Julia  Adams,  in  this  town, 
Jan.  1,1852;  she  was  born  in  Tompkins 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  13,  1834;  Mrs.  Packard's 
father,  the  Rev.  Wm.  Adams,  was  born  in 
Norwich,  Conn. ;  he  married  Sophia  C. 
Farnsworth,  in  Madison  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  she 
was  born  in  Berkshire  Co.,  Mass.;  they 
came  to  this  Co,  in  1837. 


ROCKTON   TOWNSHIP. 


659 


Pattoa  M.  H.  furmcr;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Roscoc. 

PECK  G.  1>.  Farmer  and  Stock  Deal- 
er;  Sec.  !);  P.  O.  Kockton;  born  in  N.  Y., 
Feb.  5,  1841;  came  to  this  State  in  1867; 
to  tliis  Co.  in  18158;  owns  100  acres  land; 
married  Anna  Wliite.  in  HoehesterCo.,  N. 
Y.,  Oct.  22,  1864;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y., 
Feb.  18,  1845;  have  live  cliildren:  Asa, 
born  July  31,  1865;  Willie,  Sept.  16,  1866; 
Jennie  Estelle,  Nov.  27,  1868;  Carrie, 
March  18,  1873,  died  Au<;.  19,  1874;  Frank 
H.,  June  2,  1874;  Cora  Ma}',  Jan.  27,  1876. 

Pennock  H.  machine  tender  paper  mill; 
Rocktou. 

Peper  Jas.  mechanic;  Rockton. 

PETT IBOX E     €  H  A  U  X  C  E  Y , 

Rockton ;   Foreman  in  Lumber   Yard    of 
Peeter  &  Keeler.  ofBeloit,  Wis. 

PHEEPS  W.  A.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in 
Alleojany  (now  Wj'ominsx)  Co.,  N.  Y., 
April  6,  1825;  came  to  tliis  Co.  in  1849; 
owns  480  acres  land;  has  held  ofliees  of 
Commissioner  of  Highwaj's  and  School 
Director  for  a  number  of  year-s ;  is  a  mem- 
ber of  Methodist  Episcopal  Church;  has 
held  the  position  of  Class  Leader,  Trustee 
and  Sabbath-school  Superintendent;  mer- 
ried  Miss  Mary  Jane  Lippitt,  in  Crawford 
Co.,  Penn.,  Jan.  13,  1858;  she  was  born  in 
Allegany  Co.,  N.  Y'.,  Sept.  2,  1822;  have 
seven  children  living,  one  dead;  Byron 
Wesley,  born  in  N.Y^. ;  Mary  P.,  now 
Mrs.  Miller,  born  in  this  Co. ;  Willie  H., 
Carrie,  Hattie  Estella,  Geo.  Harvey,  and 
Rosa  Luella,  all  in  this  Co. 

Phillips  Benj.  farmer ;  Sec.32 ;  P.O.  Rockton. 

Pohl  Fred,  mechanic ;  Rockton. 

Pomeroy  S.  A.  renter;  Sec.28;  P.O. Rockton. 

PO\i^EEE  E.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  17;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in 
Stark  Co.,  Ohio,  Feb.  15,  1889;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1865;  owns  153  acres  land;  en- 
listed in  the  115th  Ohio  Vol.  Inf.,  Co.  I, 
Aug.  15,  1862;  was  in  the  battle  of  Mur- 
freesboro;  served  on  detatched  duty  part 
of  the  time;  was  honorably  discharged, 
July  6,  1865 ;  is  class-leader  in  Methodist 
Church;  married  Nancy  Gary,  Aug.  5, 
1862;  she  was  born  in  Ohio,  April  24,  '43. 

Props  S.  rents  farm;  S.  84 ,  P.  O.  Rockton. 


Q 


UINN  JOHN,  mechanic;  Rockton. 


RANDALL  JNO.  works  in  paper  mill ; 
Rockton. 

Ratchford  N.  D.  retired;  Rockton. 

Richardson  C.  B.  farm;  S.  16;  P.O. Rockton. 

ROBERTSON  CHAS.  \¥.  Retired 
Farmer;  P.O.  Rockton;  born  m  N.  H., 
March  16,  1812;  came  to  this  State  in 
1838;  located  in  Montgomery  Co.;  lived 
there  until  1860,  when  he  moved  to  this 
Co.,  which  has  smce  been  his  home ;  owns 


128  acres  hind  on  Sec.  19;  married  Mary 
Fairbanks,  in  Montgomery  (.'o.,  tliis  Slate, 
April  29,  1839;  she  wa.s  born  in  Town- 
send,  Ma.ss.,  July  6,  1814;  slie  came  to 
this  Slate  in  1838. 
Rockwood  J.  li.  pattern-maker. 

ROE  i\  T.  REV.  I{a|)t.  Minister;  Rock- 
ton; born  Dnihain.  Kng.,.May  1,  1835;  came 
to  this  country  in  1851 ;  lo  this  Co.  in 
1859;  was  orilained  minister  here,  and 
had  Dastoral  charge  of  the  Baptist  Cliurch 
in  this  place  seven  years;  has  been  P.  M. 
five  years;  married  Mis.-  Clara  E.  Manard, 
in  this  town,  July  21,  1864;  she  was  born 
in  Greenbush,  Cainula,  March  8,  1846; 
have  one  child,  Charles  Manard,  born  in 
this  town,  Oct.  15,  1869. 

Rosenberg  Adam,  painter;  Rockton. 

Royden  George,  merchant;  Rockton. 

Royden  W.  C.  merchant;  Rockton. 

S EARLS  F.  D.   farmer;     Sec.  8;    P.  O. 
Shirland. 

SEA:?IAX  W5f.  Farmer;  Sec.  25;  P. 
O.  Rockton;  born  in  Canada,  June  25, 
1847;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1852;  married 
Miss  Hattie  Smith,  in  Jieloit,  Wis.,  Nov. 
4,  1869;  she  was  born  in  the  town  of 
Rockton,  this  Co.,  Nov.  20,  1847. 

Shefnin  John,  stock  dealer;  Rockton. 

Shibley  William,  stock  dealer;  Rockton. 

H^HOREH  AAROX.  Carpenter  and 
Joiner,  Contractor  and  Builder;  Rock- 
ton; born  in  Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  2, 
1806;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846;  is  one  of 
the  present  Board  of  Town  Trustees ;  mar- 
ried Jane  Horton,  in  Penn. ;  she  was  born 
in  Bradford  Co.,  Penn. 

Shores  O.  B.  carpenter;  Rockton. 

SHURTLIFF  ORVI1S,  Farmer; 
Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Rockton ;  born  in  Canada, 
Oct.  29,  1817;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1846; 
owns  90  acres  land  ;  married  Miss  Sarah 
Smith,  in  Beloit,  June  25,  1854;  she  was 
born  in  Canada,  June  20,  1832;  have  had 
six  children:  Cliauncev  Josiah,  born  May 
22,1855;  Wm.  Smith, "Oct.  22,  1857,  died 
in  1863;  Lucy  and  Eliza,  botii  born  April 
2,1865;  Jno'Orvis,  Oct.  22,1868;  Lath- 
rop  E/ra,  June  13,  1870;  Orvis  Smith, 
May  30,  1876. 

Shutley  Orvis,  dealer;  Rockton. 

Smith  Frank,  blacksmith;  Rockton. 

Smith  William,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Snyder  A.  A.  |)ainter;  Rockton. 

Sperry  C.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Springer  F.  A.  shoemaker;  Rockton. 

Steavaus  Henry,  rents  farm;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Steavans  J.  F.  farmer;  Sec.  8;  P.O.Shirland. 

Steavans  S.  C.  farmer;  S.  8;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Sticklor  John,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Sticklor  Thomas,  rents  farm;  P.O.  Rockton. 


660 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DrEECTOKT: 


T 


Stiles  A.  G.  blacksmith ;  Kockton. 

STILiKS  K.  I..  Agent  jSTorthwestern 
Union  Telegraph  Office;  Rockton;  born 
in  Susquehana  Co.,  Penn.,  Aug.  8,  1820; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  September,  1845 ;  has 
been  agent  for  the  Northwestern  Union 
twenty-one  years;  is  Town  Clerk;  mar- 
ried Miss  Marantha  Catron,  in  Susque- 
hana Co.,  Penn.,  in  June,  1841 ;  she  was 
born  in  1817. 

Stiles  O.  T.  works  in  paper  mill ;  Rockton. 

Strickland  C.  A.  retired ;  Rockton. 

SWAX   JAMKS,  Farmer;  Sec.  28;  P. 

0.  Rockton;  born  in  Hillsborouijh  Co., 
N.  H.,  July  9,  1818;  came  to  this  State  in 
1865;  to  this  township  in  1871;  owns  191 
acres  land;  first  wife  was  Elizabeth  P. 
White;  they  were  married  in  Hillsbor- 
ough Co.,  N.  H.,  March  17,  18-16;  she  was 
born  in  Hillsborough  Co.,  June  24,  1817; 
died  Oct.  14,  1856;  married  present  wife, 
Mary  W.  Grant,  in  Hillsborough  Co..  N. 
H.,  Jan.  30,  1861 ;  she  was  born  in  Hills- 
borough Co.,  Feb.  13.  1823;  children  by 
first  wife  are,  James  W.,  born  Jime  18, 
1849,  died  Sept.  12.  1850;  Annie  W.,  born 
April  30,  1853,  died  April  10,  1863;  Eliza- 
beth P.,  born  June  5,  1856;  one  child  by 
present  wife,  Nancy  L.,  born  Nov.  26,  '61. 

ALCOTT   CHARLES,   farmer;    P.   O. 
Rockton. 

TAL<€OTT  ElIEMXE,  (Maiden 
name  McConnel!)  born  in  New  Jersey, 
Dec.  10,  1817;  she  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1839;  husbiind  was  Walter  Henry  Tal- 
cott;  tliey  were  married  in  this  Co.,  Oct. 

1,  1845;  he  was  born  at  Rome,  N.  Y.,  Feb. 
18,  1814;  he  located  in  this  Co.  in  1835; 
he  was  identified  at  an  early  day  with  the 
anti-slavery  movement,  and  was  uncom- 
promising in  liis  hostility  to  slavery  and 
all  the  laws  favoring  it;  lie  was  firmly  at- 
tached to  the  Libei-ty  party  from  its  or- 
ganization; he  assisted  in  organizing  the 
first  Congregational  Church  in  this  place, 
consisting  of  fourteen  members,  five  of 
whom  were  of  the  Talrott  family;  he  died 
in  this  town  Dec  9,  1S70. 

TAI.COTT  SYI^VESTER,  Farm- 
er;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  at  Rome,  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  14,  1810;  when  he  became 
of  age  he  removed  to  Horse  Heads,  Che- 
mung Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  business;  he  moved  to  this 
Co.  in  1836;  in  connection  with  his  father 
and  brothers,  took  up  Government  lands; 
built  and  run  the  first  grist  mills  in  the 
Co.;  carried  on  farming,  etc.;  he  was 
elected  Justice  of  the  Peace  at  the  organ- 
ization of  this  Co.;  acted  as  ministerial 
officer  for  the  first  couj^le  that  were  mar- 
ried in  this  Co.;  was  elected  Supervisor 
several  years;  uniteil  with  the  Congreffa- 
tional  Church  in  1850,  and  was  elected 
Trustee  .'several  years;  in  1854  he  was  in- 
terested in  the  manufacture  of  the  Manny 


Reaper  and  Mower;  he  was  identified 
with  the  anti-slavery  party  in  this  Co.  in 
1844;  he  was  a  member  of  the  convention, 
convened  in  Buflalo,  N.  Y.,  which  nom- 
inated James  G.  Burney  as  candidate  for 
President  of  the  United  States;  he  acted 
with  the  Liberty  party  until  it  became  a 
part  of  the  Republican  party,  which  po- 
litically swept  the  country  at  the  election 
of  Abraham  Lincoln  as  President  of  the 
United  States;  althouL'h  past  the  age  sub- 
jecting him  to  the  di-aft,  he  paid  ancl  sent 
a  substitute,  who  represented  him  in  the 
army  of  the  United  States  during  the  war; 
married  Miss  Mary  Westlake,  in  the 
town  of  Rockton,  this  Co.,  June  10,  1841 ; 
she  was  born  in  New  York,  Sept.  26, 1820. 

TAECOTT  MAJ.  THOS.  B.  Farm 
er;  P.O.  Rockton;  born  in  Hebron,  Conn., 
April  17,  1806;  moved  to  Horsehead,  Che- 
mung Co.,N.Y.,and  eiigased  in  the  mercan- 
tile business;  came  to  this  Co.  in  18:^>5;  the 
Co.  was  then  comparatively  a  wilderness; 
tiiere  were  not  more  than  half  a  dozen 
families  in  the  territory  now  represented 
by  Winnebago,  Boone  and  Stephenson 
counties;  Chicago  was  a  small  village, 
and  all  the  north  half  of  the  State  was  in- 
cluded in  one  Congiessional  District; 
Major  Talcott  was  elected  one  of  the  first 
County  Commissioners,  and,  in  connection 
with  Wm.  E.  Dunbar  and  Simon  P.  Doty, 
organized  this  Co.,  Aug.  1,  1836;  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  the  fall  of 
1849,  and  represented  Winnebago,  Boone 
and  McHenry  Counties  four  years;  he  lias 
also  held  various  Tp.  offices  since  he  has 
been  in  the  Co. ;  married  Sophia  E., 
daughter  of  Asa  Willard  and  Lucy  Whit- 
ing, in  this  Co.,  June  5,  1843;  she  was 
born  in  Oneida  Co,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  11,  1824; 
she  is  a  descendent  of  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Whiting,  D.  D.,  and  Elizabeth  St.  John, 
his  wife,  who  came  to  America  in  1636, 
and  thi'ough  whom  her  genealogy  is 
traced  back  to  AVilliam  the  Conquerer,  in 
two  distinct  lines. 

Taylor  Calvin,  teamster;  Rockton. 

Taylor  C.  S.  physician  ;  Rockton. 

Taylor  J.  B.  machine  tender;  Rockton. 

TAYLOR  JOHN  G.  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Sliirland; 
born  in  Canada  West;  moved  to  this  Co. 
with  his  parents  in  1837;  owns  240  acres 
land;  married  Frances  Gleason,  in  this 
Co.,  town  of  Rockton,  April  19,  1857;  she 
was  born  in  Rutland  Co.,  Vt.,  Dec.  4, 
1823;  he  enlisted  in  74th  I.  V.  L,  Co.  D, 
in  Nov.,  1864;  was  honorably  discharged 
in  1865 ;  he  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  in 
this  part  of  the  Co. 

Thayer  E.  D.  retired  farmer;  Rockton. 

Thayer  W.  W.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Thomas  J.  W.  fai-m ;  Sec.  31 ;  P.O.  Rockton. 

THOMAS  WM.  M.  Farmer;  Sec. 
31 ;  P.  O.  Harrison ;  born  in  Wayne  Co., 


&OOKTON  TOWTJSHtP. 


661 


Penn.,  Nov.  9,  1805;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
183::>;  has  held  various  town  otlices;  owns 
104>^  acres  land;  married  Eliza  Conk- 
lin,  in  Wayne,  Penn.,  Nov.  l;5,  18:38;  Mrs. 
T.  was  bora  in  Wayne  Co.,  Penn..  Jan.  25, 
1811;  have  had  nine  children:  Sallie  M., 
born  May  11,  1831,  died  Dec.  5,  1837; 
Adaline  E.,  now  Mrs.  Preston,  April  21, 
1838;  John  0.,  Oct.  27,  1835;  he  enlisted 
in  7-ith  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  F,  in  Aug.  18G2,  and 
served  until  close  of  war;  Orville  P.,  Dec. 
17,  1837;  enlisted  same  time  as  brother 
and  served  same  lensjth  of  lime ;  Chauncey 
E.,  Jan.  5,  1841;  Hannah  Louisa,  May  14, 
1843,  died  Dec.  25,  1845;  Wm.  llenrv,Jan. 
23,  1845 ;  Moses,  Oct.  10,  1848,  died"  Aug. 
30,1849;  Susie  H.,  Nov.  17,  1850. 

Thurstam  L.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Toale  Albert,  engineer;  Rockton. 

Trask  Chester  H.  laborer;  Rockton. 

TRUMABf  JOS.  €.  Farmer;  Sec.  26; 
P.  O.  ilocklon;  born  in  Jetterson  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Nov.  25,  1828;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1853 ;  owns  140  acres  laud ;  has  been  consec- 
utively elected  Town  Assessor  for  the  last 
11  yeirs;  married  Mary  A.  HoUi^ter,  in 
Hartford  Co.,  Conn.,  March  12,  1851;  she 
was  born  in  Hartford  Co,  Conn.,  Sept.  28, 
1832;  have  three  children:  Burdelte  C, 
born  Dec.  13,  1858;  Lizzie  May,  July  18, 
186G;  Fred  C,  Jau.  23,  1872. 

T7ALLENTINE  CH AS.  clerk;  Rockton. 

VfiXESS  E.  J.  Merchant;  Rockton; 
born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  21,  1837; 
moved  to  this-Co./with  liis  parents  in  1839; 
eugaied  in  die  mercantile  business  here 
in  185'j;  has  held  various  town  offices; 
married  Mary,  daughter  of  Lloyd  and  Mary 
Stearns,  who  came  to  Chicago  in  1833; 
they  were  married  in  this  town,  Nov.  5, 
18(52 ;  she  was  born  in  DeKalb  Co.,  this 
State,  Feb.  3,  1841. 

Veness  James,  retired;  Rockton. 

VEXESS  J.  G.,  M.  D.,  Rockton; 
born  in  England,  May  18,  1823;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  this  Co.  in  1839;  has 
been  engaged  in  practicing  medicine  last 
16  years;  has  been  Justice  of  ihe  Peace  4 
years.  Village  Trustee  3  years;  married 
Catherine  J.  Butler,  in  Baone  Co.,  this 
State,  Aug.  12,  1848 ;  she  was  born  in  Erie 
Co ,  N.  Y. 

VESfES^S  JAMES  ^V.  Mason  and 
Brick  Layer;  Rockion;  born  in  England, 
May  22,  1825;  moved  to  this  Co.  with  his 
parents  in  1839;  has  been  Village  Trustee 
two  terms;  was  elected  Justice  of  the 
Peace  last  April;  married  Snsana  Legg,  in 
Boone  Co.,  this  State,  Feb.  3,  1853 ;  she 
was  born  in  Canada,  Oct.  8,  1830. 

Veness  Thos.  retired;  Rockton. 


w 


AITE  D.  v.,  M.  D. ;  Rockton. 


Waite  E.  S.  merchant;  Rockton. 
Waitc  E.  Smith,  retired  farmer;  Rockton. 
Wallace  D.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Rockton. 
Wallace  S.  farmer;  Sec.  23;  P.O.  Rockton. 
Wallace  S.  Jr., farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.O. Rockion. 
Ward  James,  Jr.,  lalu)rer;  Rockton. 

W  A  U  K  E  X  H  KS.  H  A  It  V  E.  Itock- 
ton;  daughter  of  Henry  and  Rutli  A.  Sliib- 
ley;  born  in  N.  Y.,  Jan.  6,  1H46;  moved  lo 
this  Co.  will)  her  parents  in  1855;  mar- 
ried Geo.  W.  Warren,  in  this  Co.,  July  2, 
1862;  he  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  Aug.  17,  1844; 
died  in  this  place  Aug.  16,  1874;  Mrs. 
Warren's  father,  Henry  Shibley,  was  ex- 
tensively engaged  in  "the  manufacturing 
and  mercantile  business  in  this  town;  he 
was  elected  Supervisor  In  1864;  married 
Ruth  A.  Slighter,  in  N.  Y.,  April  2,  1844; 
she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  Aug.  12.  1823;  they 
moved  to  this  Co.  in  1855;  Mr.  Shibley 
died  in  this  town,  Sept.  27,  1865. 

Waxham  F.  E.  retired ;  Rockton. 

Wead  D.  T.  manufacturer;  Rockton. 

Webb  John,  baker;  Rockton. 

V^ERBER  II.  A.  Manufacturer;  Rock- 
ton; born  in  England,  Aug.  19,  1839; 
moved  to  this  Co.  with  hisi)arents  in  1849; 
has  been  engaged  in  manufacturing  a  num- 
ber of  years;  is  one  of  the  inventors  of  the 
Webber  Reaper  and  jNIower,  of  which  men- 
tion is  made  in  Biographies  of  John  Web- 
ber and  Wm.  Webber;  he  is  also  inventor 
of  the  Webber  Automatic  Gate,  which  we 
mention  in  Biograjjliy  of  John  Webber; 
this  Gate  was  patented  by  him  in  1876,  and 
is  at  present  manufactured  by  him  and 
John  W'ebber;  it  is  fast  taking  the  lead 
wherever  introduced,  and  is  claimed  by 
competent  judges  as  being  the  best  Gate 
manufactured  in  this  or  any  other  country ; 
married  Sarah  A.  Kennedy,  in  Trumbull 
Co.,  O.,  in  1867;  Mr.  Webber  enlisted  in 
the  first  company  that  was  raised  in  tliis 
town,  and  was  elected  Treasurer  of  the 
Company. 

WEBBER  H.  J.  Farmer;  Sec.  36; 
P.  O.  Rockton;  was  born  in  England,  in 
1843;  moved  to  this  Co.  with  his  parents, 
in  1849;  married  Miss  Clara  Piper,  in 
Rockton,  Nov.  17.  1869;  she  was  born  in 
England,  Dec.  27, 1846;  Mr.  Webber  owns 
200  acres  land. 

WEBBER  JOIIX,  Farmer;  Sec.  31; 
P.  O.  Rockton;  was  born  in  England, 
Feb.  25,  lb36;  moved  to  this  Co.  with  his 
parents,  in  184!);  owns  251  acres  land; 
manufactures  the  Webber  Reaper  and 
Mower;  this  machine  is  the  invention  of 
him  and  his  brother  William;  it  was 
patented  by  (hem  in  Dec.,  1857;  this 
reaper  was  the  first  Iwo-horse  light  draught 
machine  invented,  making  a  six-foot  cut 
and  reaping  fifteen  acnis  grain  as  a  com- 
mon day's  work  with  one  team;  he  also 
manufactures  a  new  Gate,  the  iuveiilion  of 


662 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIKECTORT: 


H.  A.  Webber,  and  patented  in  1876 ;  it  is 
claimed  that  this  is  capable  of  taking  the 
lead  of  all  others,  wherever  introduced; 
he  married  Sarah  Aplin,  in  England, 
March  7,  1865;  she  was  born  in  Wilshire, 
England,  April  15,  1836. 

\%^£BBER  T.  H.  Farmer  and  Stock 
Raiser;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Rockton:  born  in 
England,  Dec.  31,  1844;  moved  to  this 
Co.  with  his  parents,  in  1849;  married 
Miss  Katurah  Piper,  in  Rockton,  this  Co., 
May  4,  1871;  she  was  born  in  England; 
they  have  one  child  living,  Maude  E., 
born  Feb.  5,  1873 ;  Mr.  Webber  owns  240 
acres  land,  which  is  well  improved. 

WEBBER  WII^EIAM,  Manufac- 
turer; Rockton;  born  in  England,  Sept. 
20,  1834;  moved  to  this  Co.  with  his 
parents,  in  1849;  has  been  engaged  in 
manufacturing  since  1856;  is  principal 
inventor  of  the  Webber  Reaper  and 
Mower,  patented  by  him  and  H.  A.  Web- 
ber, in  Dec,  1857 ;  this  was  the  first  light 
draught  Reaper  and  Mower  making  a  six- 
foot  cut  that  was  ever  invented ;  one  of 
these  machines,  after  being  run  two  sea- 
sons, was  awarded  first  pi'emium  at  the 
Iowa  Stale  Fair;  their  machines  have 
invariably  taken  first  premium  wherever 
exhibited;  this  machine  possesses  numer- 
ous advantasres  over  all  others,   and    is 


undoubtedly  the  best  Reaper  manufac- 
tured; he  married  Miss  Maiy  E.  Smith, 
in  this  town,  in  1860;  she  was  born  in 
this  Co.,  in  1842. 

Webber  William,  Jr.,  Rockton. 

Whalen  James,  laborer ;  Rockton. 

Whalen  John,  laborer;  Rockton. 

Wheeler  D.  R.  retired  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P. 
O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

Wheeler  G.  W.  farm;  S.12;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

White  Silas,  hotel  keeper;  Rockton. 

White  Silas,  Jr.,  renter;  Rocklon. 

Whilmore  S.  F.  Rockton. 

Whitney  D.  L.  farmer;  P.  O.  Rockton. 

Widdowson  S.  W.  moulder;  Rockton. 

Widdowson  Samuel,  moulder;  Rockton. 

Willmot  C.  B.  farmer;  Sec.l6;  P.O. Rockton. 

Willson  R.  J.  painter;  Rockton. 

Winsor  J.  W.  farmer;  Sec.30;  P.O.  Rockton. 

Witherell  S.  C.  laborer;  Rockton. 

Woolsey  John,  retired ;  Rockton. 

Wright  Pat.  laborer ;  Rockton. 


Y 


OUNGSAMUEL, 
Rockton. 


retired  farmer; 


■"AHN  S.  W.  retired ;  Rockton. 


SHIRLAKD   TOWNSHIP. 


663 


SHIRLAND  TOWNSHIP. 


A 


DAMS  MIKE,  farmer;    Sec.  33;  P.O. 
Sliirlaud. 

ArSTlX  IIEXRY  S.  Farmer;  Sec. 
18;  P.  O.  Sliirhmd;  born  in  0.\tbrd  Co., 
Maine,  May  1,  1813;  moved  to  liocktou, 
iu  this  Co.,  in  1838;  lived  tliere  three 
years;  thence  to  this  town,  in  1841;  this 
town  has  since  been  liis  home;  he  was 
elected  Commissioner  of  Highways  at  the 
organization  of  the  township,  conse- 
quently he  was  the  tirst  Commissioner  of 
Highways  elected  in  this  township;  at  the 
expiration  of  this  office  lie  was  elected 
Assessor  four  consecutive  terms,  at  the 
end  of  which  he  was  elected  Tp.  Sujier- 
visor  ten  years  in  succession;  two  years 
after  he  was  again  elected  Supervisor  one 
term;  he  has  held  various  other  offices; 
married  Eliza  Packard,  in  O.xford  Co., 
Maine,  Nov.  10,  1835 ;  she  was  born  in 
Oxford  Co.,  Jan.  23,  1817;  have  seven  chil- 
di'en:  Arendon,  born  May  15, 1837;  Henry 
S.,  Jr.,  Nov.  1, 1838;  William  W.,  April  29, 
1841;  Silas  A.,  Aug.  23,  1843;  Mary  (now 
Mrs.  L.  Evans),  Dec.  10,  1845 ;  Lizzie  M. 
(now  Mrs.  Lefflugwell),  Oct.  17,  1849; 
Charles  Edgar,  Feb.  23,  1856. 

Austin  John,  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.O.Shirlaud. 


B 


ABCOCK  J.  M.  carpenter;  Shirland. 


Barber  G.  H.  farm;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Shirland. 
Bates  J.  M.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Shirland. 
Beedell  L.  P.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.O. Shirland. 

BEJHEX"T  JOHN,  Farmer;  Sec.  4; 
P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  March  1,  1803 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1852 ;  has  been  Town  Clerk  three  years ; 
married  Miss  Roxie  Williams,  in  N.  Y., 
in  18G8;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  in  March, 
1830;  have  nine  children  living;  Mr.  Be- 
ment  owns  140  acres  land,  which  is  well 
improved. 

Bennett  Edward,  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Bennett  F.  farmer;  Sec.  4;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Bennett  George,  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Bennett  John,  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Bennett  John,  Jr..  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

BO^iWELL    THOMAS    H.    Mer- 

chant;  Shirland;  was  born  in  Pottsdam, 
St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  26,  1835 ; 
came  from  there  to  Chicago,  in  1857; 
lived  there  two  years;  thence  to  this  Co., 
in  1859;  he  has  held  various  township 
offices;  has  been  P.  M.  here  last  nine 
years;  has  also  been  express  agent  here  a 
number  of  years;  married  Sarah  D.  Coon, 
in  Pottsdam,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y., 
March  22,  1859 ;  she  was  born  in  West- 
field,  Vermont;  have  four  children:  Lydia 
P.,  born  March  8,  1862;  Charles  T.,  Sept 


21,  1863;  Harriet  C,  Julv  25,  1806;  George 
E.,  Dec.  23,  1869. 

Boyden  L.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Sliirland. 

Boydcn  O.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Brennan  John,  laborer;  Shirland. 

Brown  B.  F.  farmer;  Sec.:!4;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

KK4»\V:X  KE:\.IA:VIIN  F.  Famur; 
Sec.  20;  P.  O.  Shirland;  liorn  in  Monroe 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  11,  1829;  came  to  this 
State  in  1852;  to  this  Co.  in  1805;  enlisted 
in  the  4th  ^Visc•onsin  Hiittery,  in  Septem- 
ber, 1801 ;  was  promoted  Lieut,  in  1804; 
was  honorably  di.scharged  July  4,  1805; 
was  in  every  battle  that  the  regiment  was; 
owns  00  acres  land;  married  Catherine 
Kelly,  in  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y..  Feb.  22, 
1849;  she  was  born  in  Devonsliire,  Eng., 
Aug.  0,1833;  have  three  children  :  Emma 
Jane,  born  April  3,  1850;  James  Henry, 
Sept.  13,  1852;  Lillie,  March  3,  1850;  Mr. 
Brown  has  been  Town  Collector  two 
years. 

Brown  Jas.  farmer;  Sec. 34;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

CARD  LEVI,   farmer;    Sec.   11;    P.   O. 
Shirland. 

CARD  G.  N.  Farmer;  Sec.  11;  P.  O. 
Shirland;  born  in  Nova  Scotia,  in  1817; 
owns  130  acres  land ;  was  one  of  the  first 
settlers  in  this  Tp.,  coming  to  this  Co.  in 
1837;  married  Miss  Nora  Seaton,  of  this 
town ;  her  father  also  came  here  in  1837. 

€L.O\EK  HEXRY  ^V.  Farmer; 
Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Lincoln- 
shire, Eng.,  Sept.  24,  1841 ;  came  to  tliis 
Co.  in  1844;  owns  80  acres  land  ;  has  held 
various  offices;  married  Dorotliy  H.  Sea- 
ton,  in  Shirland,  Nov.  10,  1870;  she  was 
born  in  this  town,  Feb.  14, 1850;  ]\Irs.  Clo- 
ver's father  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  of 
this  Co. 

Colby  Eben,  renter;  Sec.  27;  P.  0.  Shirland. 

CoLtOX  MRS.  AKKiiAllA  (Muid 
en  name  McKinstry;)  Sec.  12;  P.  O.  Shir- 
land;  l)orn  in  Conn.,  Nov.  29,  1805;  first 
husband  was  Geo.  Seaton;  they  weie  mar- 
ried in  April,  1830;  he  was  born  in  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1803;  died  July  4.  1857; 
they  came  to  this  Co.  in  1838;  were  one  of 
the  first  families  that  .settled  in  this  Tp.; 
second  iiusband  was  Oliver  C.  Collon,  of 
N.  H.;  he  died  in  Jan.,  1873;  Mrs.  Colton 
owns  125  acres  land. 

€0\KLIX  HENRY  ^V.  Farmer; 
Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Kockton ;  born  in  Wayne 
Co.,  Penn.,  June  24, 1827;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1839;  the  country  was  at  that  time  com- 
paratively unsettled  ;  owns  170  acres  land; 
held  the  office  of  Town  Collector  two 
years ;  also  various  other  Tp.  offices ;  mar- 
ried Alvalina  Grover,  in  Juda,  Wis.,  Nov. 


66i 


■WrmNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY  1 


28,1856;  she  was  bora  in  Chautauqua  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  24,  1833;  have  had  five  chil- 
drea:  Dorsey  Tyler,  born  in  Harrison,  in 
this  Co.,  Oct.  IG,  1857 ;  Lemi  Henry,  in 
Harrison,  March  8,  1859 ;  Jas.  B.,  in  Har- 
rison, Aug.  12,  1863;  Rosa  E.,  in  Oregon, 
Oct.  17,  1865;  Eva  E.,  in  Roclcton,  Jan. 
25,  1874. 

Cooper  Chas.  farmer ;  Sec.  33;  P.O.Shirland. 

Cooper  Geo.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Curran  Thos.  farmer;  Sec.26;  P.O.  Shirland. 

Curran  Jas.  farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

DAMOTHJ.   W.  farmer;  Sec.26;  P.  O. 
Shirland. 
Darling  Frank,  butcher;  Shirland. 
Darling  S.  A.  farm;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Shirland. 
Denel  G.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.  O.  Shirland. 
Denel  Wm.  farmer;  Sec.  2;  P.O:  Shirland. 
Domer  John,  farmer; Sec.  1;  P.O.  Shirland. 

ELLIOTT  SAMUEL,  farmer;  Sec.  85; 
P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

FICKES  MILES,  farmer;  Sec.  35;  P.  O. 
Shirlaiul. 

FICKES  SEBAJSTIAK",  Farmer; 
Sec.  2;  P.O.Shirland;  born  m  York  Co., 
Peun.,  Dec.  25,  1818;  moved  with  his  par- 
ents to  Ohio  in  1833;  thence  to  this  Co.  m 
1846;  owns  215  acres  laud;  first  wife  was 
Caroline  E.  Seeley;  they  were  married  in 
Ohio,  April  5,  1845 ;  she  was  born  in  N. 
Y. ;  died  in  186;';  present  wife  was  Sarah 
Case;  they  were  married  in  Mich.,  in  1870; 
she  was  born  in  Vt. 

Fleming  John,  laborer;  Shirland. 

GISHWILLER  JOHN,  depot"a,agent ; 
Shirland. 

GOL.DY  B.  D.  Farmer;  Sec.  3;  P.O. 
Shirland;  born  in  N.  Y.,  Aug.  8,  1839; 
came  to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1850; 
owns  110  acres  lantl;  enlisted  in  Co.  D, 
74th  I.  V.  C,  in  Aug.,  1862;  served  until 
close  ot  war,  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged; was  in  battles  of  Spriug  Hill, 
Franklin,  Nashville,  Perryville,  and  all 
through  the  Allaiila  campaign;  married 
Miss  Harriet  Still  well,  in  Beloit,  Wis.; 
she  died  in  Nov.,  18()9. 

Goldy  S.  T.  farmer;  Sec.3;  P.  O.  Shirlaud. 

Guptill  A.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Guptdl  C.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.O.  Shirhmd. 

GUPTILIi  J.  B.  Farmer;  Sec.  28; 
P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Hancock  Co.,  Me., 
Nov.  1,  1822;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1845; 
owns  220  acres  laud ;  married  Emily  War- 
ren, in  Beloit,  Wis.,  Oct.  29,  1851;  she  was 
born  in  N.  Y.,  in  1833. 

ALL  W.  F.  B.  glove  maker ;  Shirland. 


H 


Hauseman  Geo.  laborer ;  Shirland. 


HARIiEY  YTM.  Farmer;  Sec.  34; 
P.  O.  Shirland ;  born  in  N.  Y.  city,  Nov. 
9,  1835 ;  went  witli  his  parents  to  S.  C, 
when  two  years  old;  lived  there  eight 
years;  came  from  there  to  tliisCo.  in  1847; 
owns  136  acres  land ;  has  been  Town  Clerk 
nine  years;  Supervisor  two  years;  married 
Fidelia  Miller,  in  Beloit,  Wis.;  she  was 
born  in  Vt.,  Feb.  28,  1838;  have  had  four 
children  :  Henry  Willis,  born  in  Rockton, 
Feb.  21,  1860;  Edwin,  in  Shirlaiul,  Aug. 
23,  1862,  died  Aug.  23,  1863;  Freddie,  in 
Shirland,  Oct.  10,  1864,  died  May  17,  lb65; 
Mary  Ella,  in  Shirland,  Sept.  28,  1866. 

HAWI.EY  «EO.  Farmer;  Sec.  3; 
P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Bradfordshire, 
England,  March  16,  1825;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1854;  owns  120  acres  land;  married 
Alice  Rotle,  in  Rockford,  June  27,  1857; 
she  was  born  in  England,  July  30,  1834; 
have  two  children:  Mary  Aun,  born  Dec. 
8, ;  Emma  Elizabeth,  Feb.  20,  1861. 

Henry  A.  G.  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Henry  Wm.  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

HODGKIXI!$  JOHlf  H.  Apiarist; 
P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Jefierson  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  May  29,  1826;  went  from  there  to  Ind. 
in  1841;  thence  to  this  Co.  in  1842;  ran 
saw  mill  and  flour  mill  in  town  of  Harri- 
son, this  Co.,  a  number  of  years;  estab- 
lished the  first  lumberyard  in  Shirland; 
owns  20  acres  land;  has  held  various  town 
offices;  first  wife  was  Julia  A.  Hoyt;  ihey 
were  married  in  byron,  this  State,  in  1850; 
she  was  born  in  Niagara  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  died 
in  1861 ;  present  wife  was  Mary  A.  Pope ; 
were  married  in  Newark,  Wis.,  in  1864; 
she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  April  27,1837;  had 
one  child  by  first  wife,  Franklin,  born  in 
1852,  died  Aug.  10,  1854. 

Hull  A.  farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Hull  Byron,  farmer;  P.O.  Shirland. 

HULL  W.  W.  Farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.O. 
Shirlaud;  born  in  N.  Y.,  April  19,  1835; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1855;  owns  94  acres 
laud  ;  is  Town  Supervisor  at  present  writ- 
ing; has  been  xlssessor  two  years,  Consta- 
ble four  years;  enlisted  in  47th  I.  V.I.,  Co. 
B,  in  Sept.,  1864;  was  honorably  dis- 
charged in  June,  1865;  was  in  battles  of 
Columbia,  Spriug  Hill,  Franklm,  Nash- 
ville and  in  several  skirmishes;  married 
Elizabeth  Ann  Still  well,  in  Beloit,  AVis., 
Dec.  8,  1855 ;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  Nov. 
21,  1838;  have  five  children  living. 

T^ELLY  JOHN,  laborer;  Shirland. 

Keeuey-D.  larmer;  Sec,  19;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

KEEXEY  JIJJLIUS,  Farmer;  Sec. 
19;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Oneida  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  8,  1808;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1838;  owns  200  acres  land;  was  elected 
Road  Commissioner  at  the  organization 
of  the  Co.;  married  Miss  Esther  Aun 
Seaton,   in  this  town,  Jan.  7,  1841;  she 


8H1RLAND   TOWNSHIP. 


6G5 


Was  born  in  Oneida  Co..  N.  Y.,  Aug.  22, 
1821;  she  came  to  this  Co.  witli  her  par- 
ents, in  1838;  have  had  si.\  children, 
Amelia,  born  April  24,  1843,  died  Sept. 
II,  1870;  Olive,  Dec.  19,  1844;  Onor,  Jan 
4,  1847,  died  March  7,  1848;  Virgil  W., 
Dec.  31,  1848;  Dexter,  Feb.  2(),  1853; 
Alvia,  July  C,  18G0. 

Keeney  V.  farmer;  Sec.  19;  P.  O.  Shirland. 
Kethau  Nelson,  shoemaker;  Shirland. 
Kizer  E.  S.  cheese  maker;  Shirland. 

LARISO]^  WILLIAM,  Farmer; 
Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  inSliir- 
land,  April  15,  1851;  owns  175  acres  land; 
married  Charlotte  G.  Early,  in  Beloit, 
Wis.,  July  17,  18G9;  she  was  born  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  March  17,  1851;  have  four 
children,  Frank,  born  June  10,  1872;  Wil- 
lie, March  8,  1874;  Freddie  May  5,  1875; 
Eddie,  Nov.  11,  1877. 

L.EFFIN«^VELL  ALDE3V,  Farm- 
er; Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis.;  born  in 
Ashtabula  Co.,  Ohio,  Feb.  10,  1825;  came 
to  this  Co.  with  parents,  in  1842;  owns 
120  acres  land  in  Wis.,  1G5  acres  in  this 
Co.;  lirst  wife  was  Adehne  Keckhow; 
they  were  married  in  Wis.;  she  was  born 
in  Mich.,  and  died  in  18G5;  present  wife, 
Gertrude  Lee;  they  were  married  in 
Beloit,  in  1870;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y., 
in  1840. 

LEFFIXGWELIi  BIRD,  Farmer; 
Sec.  6;  P.  O.  Shirland;  was  born  in  Ohio, 
Oct.  10,  1835;  moved  to  this  Co.  with  his 
parents,  in  1838;  owns  125  acres  laud; 
enlisted  in  74ih  Regt,  I.  V.  I.,  Sept.  4, 
1862;  was  mustered  out  March  4,  18C3; 
re-enlisted  in  147!h  I.  V.  I. ;  served  until 
close  of  war,  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged; married  Jane  Muuro,  in  Beloit, 
Wis.,  May  15,  1857 ;  she  was  born  in  Troy, 
N.  Y.,  March  15,  1839;  have  had  four 
children,  Carrie,  born  Nov.  13,  1800;  Ger- 
tie, Sept.  11,  1868;  Homer,  Feb.  2,1872; 
William,  in  1862,  and  died  in   Oct.,  18G5. 

EEFFIXGWELE  ^VILEIAM  S. 

Farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Beh)it,  Wis.;  born 
in  Ohio,  Sept.  5,  1822;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1845;  owns  80  acres  land;  enlisted  in 
74th  Regt.  I.  V.  I.,  in  Sept.,  1801;  was 
honorably  discharged  in  186G;  was 
wounded  at  Battle  of  Stone  River. 
EOPER  JOHN,  Sec.  35;  P.  O.  Shir- 
land; born  in  Canada,  Jan.  28,  1854; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  spring  of  1877. 

McCULOW  JAMES,   Farmer;  Sec.   28; 
P.  O.  Shirland. 
McCulow  P.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.O.  Shirland. 
Hanson  George,  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 
Manson  James,  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 
Hanson  Nicklas.  retired  farmer;  Shirland. 
Hanson  William,  trapper;  Shirland. 
Heuret  Geo.  farmer ;  P.  O.  Shirland. 


Miller  A.  H.  farmer;  Scc.27;   P.O.  Sliiriand. 

MILLER  ALEXA^IIER.  i'armer; 
Sec.  34;  1*.  ().  Shirland;  horn  in  Cale- 
donia Co.,  Vt.,  March  18,  18()M;  came  to 
this  Co.  in  1844;  owns  80  acres  land;  mar- 
ried Mary  Mackie,  in  Newburv,  Vt., 
March  7,  1H33;  she  was  born  in  Scotland, 
March  5,  1810;  have  ten  children  living. 

Miller  E.  G.  farmer;  P.  O.  Siiirland. 

Miller  F.  P.  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Minard  D.  blacksmith;  Shirland. 

Monan  Thos.  section  boss;  Shirland. 

NYE    FRED,   farmer;    Sec.   19;    P.    O. 
Shirl.ind. 

KYE  JOHN  H.  Farmer;   Sec.  19;    P. 

0.  Shirlanil ;  born  in  New  Bradford,  Mass., 
Dec.  30  1823;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
owns  111  acres  land.  Sees.  1,  12,  and  18; 
has  held  the  oftice  of  Town  Clerk  3  years, 
Collectors  years;  enlisted  in  74th  Regt. 

1.  V.  I.,  in  August,  18G2,  as  Second 
Lheutenant;  was  promoted  First  Lieuten- 
ant March  20,  18G3;  was  appointed  t^uar- 
terma.ster  with  rank  of  First  JJeutenant, 
in  Ma}^  1864;  was  honorably  discharged, 
June  10.  18G5;  married  Miss  Susan  Perry, 
in  Oneida  Co.  N.Y.,  Oci.  26,1845;  she  was 
born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  29,  1822; 
have  had  fivechiklren,  Celia,  born  Aug.  11, 
1847,  died  Sept.  15,  1849;  llovey  B.,  May 
14,  1851;  Fred  T.,  April  29,  1855;  Celia 
S.,  Sept.  17,  1858;  John  W.,  March  1,  1862. 

PACKARD  CHARLES,  farmer;  Sec.  18; 
P.O.  Shirland. 
Packard  E.  A.  merchant;  Shirland. 

PA€KARI>  J«HI,  Grain  and  Lum- 
ber  Dealer;  P.O.  Shirland;  born  in  Ox- 
ford Co.,  Maine,  April  26,  1818;  came 
from  there  here  in  sjiring  of  1838;  owns 
200  acres  land  ;  has  been  Collector  5  years. 
Assessor  1  year;  has  held  various  other 
offices;  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  Con- 
gregational Church  in  this  town,  of  which 
himself  and  family  are  members;  also 
organized  school  house  in  District  46; 
Mr.  P.  commenced  business  here  in  1874, 
his  previous  occupation  being  tliat  of 
farmer;  married  Miss  iladassah  Austin, 
in  Rockton,  Nov.  10,  1840;  she  wab  born 
in  Oxtbrd  Co.,  Maine,  Dec.  10,  1819;  have 
had  six  children,  five  of  whom  are  livmg. 

Pearce  B.  F.  renter;  P.  O. Shirland. 

Perry  G.  B.  farmer;  Sec.  25;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Pettiboue  F.  B.  farm;  Sec.  20;  P.O.Shirland. 

Pettibone  G.  C.  farm;  Sec.  26;  P.O.Shirland. 

F  E  T  T I  »  O  X  E    S  Y  L  V  E«T  ER, 

Farmer;  Sec.  26;  P.  O.  Shirland;  horn  in 
St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  18,  1812; 
moved  from  N.  Y.  to  Detroit,  Mich.,  in 
1838;  went  from  there  back  to  St.  Law- 
rence Co.,  N.  Y. ;  thence  t(j  this  Co.  in  1850; 
was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  1854; 
held  this  office  until  spring  of  1877,  when 


666 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTORY: 


he  was  elected  Notary  Public;  owns  96 
acres  land;  married  Eliza  Craig,  in  St. 
Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  26,  1843;  she 
was  born  in  Vermont,'Sept.  23, 1810;  have 
five  children :  Amos,  born  Dec.  20,  1843 ; 
he  enlisted  in  74th  Kegt.,  I.  V.  I.,  in  Aug., 
1863 ;  served  until  close  of  war ;  was  hon- 
orably discharged;  Sarah  (now  Mrs.  A. 
Porter),  Feb.  8,  1846;  Laura  Imoeene, 
March  26,  1848;  George  Cady,  April  21, 
1850;  Frank  Briggs,  in  1853. 

PHELPS  B.  W.  Farmer;  Sec.  10;  P. 
O.  Shirland;  born  in  N.  Y.,  July  21,1849; 
moved  to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  when  3 
months  old ;  owns  233  acres  land ;  married 
Miss  Emma  McMakiii,  in  this  town,  March 
22, 1871 ;  she  was  born  in  Greenville,  S.  C, 
March  20,  1849;  have  one  child,  Cora,  born 
in  Rockton,  this  Co.,  March  23,  1872. 

POLLOCK  W.  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  2; 
P.  O.  Shirland ;  born  in  St.  Lawrence  Co., 
X.  Y.,  Sept.  25,  1844;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1866;  owns  ^4  Sec.  land;  maiden  name  of 
wife  was  Pho?be  Lippit ;  they  Avere  married 
in  Shirland,  Dec.  7,  1870;  she  was  born  in 
Shirland,  Feb.  28,  1844;  Mrs.  Pollock's 
father.  Dr.  J.  W.  Lippit,  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1838,  and  was  the  lirst  physician  In  this 
town. 

Pomeroy  G.  H.  farm;  Sec.f26;  P.O.Shirland. 

Pomeroy  K.  H.  farm;  Sec.  26;  P.O.Shirland- 

POMEROY  X.  H.  Farmer;  Sec.  23; 
P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  Me., 
May  6,  1806;  moved  from  there  to  Beloit, 
Wis.,  in  1848;  lived  there  until  1851,  when 
he  came  to  this  Co.,  which  has  since  been 
his  home;  owns  130  acresland;  has  been 
married  twice;  present  |wife  was  Miss 
Pomeroy. 


R 


AMBOTT  JOSEPH,  farmer;  Sec. 
P.  O.  Shirland. 


21; 


RECKHOAV    \llLLISTOir, 

Farmer;  Sec.  34;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in 
Susquehanna  Co.,  Penn. ;  moved  to  this 
Co.  with  his  parents  in  1838;  owns  160 
acres  laud ;  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace 
8  years,  Town  Clerk  2  years;  has  also  rep- 
resented this  Tp.  in  Co.  Board  2  years; 
married  Miss  Margaret  Miller  in  Beloit, 
Wis.,  Dec.  24,  1857 ;  she  Avas  born  in  Vt., 
Oct.  4,  1840;  have  had  four  children: 
Frank,  born  March  9,  1859,  died  when  6 
mouths  old;  Mary,  Dec.  1,  I860;  William, 
Feb.  28,  1864;  Lewis  Miller,  Feb.  22, 1868. 

Reckhow  Wm.  farm ;  Sec.  34 ;  P.O.  Shirland. 

Rie  B.  laborer;  Shirland. 

RO!S!$  IRA,w  Farmer;  Sec.  24;  P.  O. 
Shirland;  born  in  Rutland  Co.,  Vt.,  March 
6,  1827 ;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1853 ;  owns  136 
acres  laud ;  married  Marj^  Pike,  in  Beloit, 
Wis.,  in  1856 ;  she  was  born  in  Rutland 
Co.,  Vt.,  March  7,  1824;  have  three  chil- 
dren :  Emma  Jane,  born  Sept.  2,  1857 ; 
Levi,  May  8, 1860 ;  J.  Charles,  Dec.  22, 1862. 


S EATON  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  12;  P.  O. 
Shirland. 

SEATO^f  GEORGE  G.  Farmer; 
Sec.  11;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  5,  1827 ;  moved  to  this  Co. 
with  his  parents  in  1838 ;  owns  200  acres 
land;  has  held  various  Tp.  otBces ;  married 
Miss  Sarah  Sharf)e,  in  Rockton,  this  Co., 
Oct.  18,  1854;  she  was  born  in  Steuben  Co., 
N.  Y.,  June6,  1832;  have  two  children: 
Mary  Alice,  born  Aug.  17,  1857;  Arthur 
David,  April  8,  1866 ;  Arlow  Seaton,  father 
of  G.  6.  Seaton,  erected  the  first  cabin  in 
what  is  now  known  as  Shirland  Tp.  in 
this  Co. 

Seaton  W.  W.  farmer;  Shirland. 

Shears  J.  C.  M.  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Simouds  John,  farm  ;  Sec.  26;  P.O.Shirland. 

SIinOl^D!!^  RICHARD,  Farmer; 
Sec.  26;  P.O.Shirland;  born  in  Devon- 
shire, England,  Oct.  25,  1825;  came  from 
there  to  Ohio,  in  1837 ;  thence  to  this  Co., 
in  1866;  owns  140  acres  land;  has  been 
Road  Commissioner  two  terms;  School 
Director  nine  years;  married  Harriet  M. 
Cormony,  in  Ohio,  Feb.  25,  1847;  she  was 
born  in  Maryland,  Aug.  8,  1828:  have  had 
eight  cliddren,  six  of  whom  are  living. 

STEELE  E.  W.  Retired  Farmer;  Sec. 
36;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Richfield  Co., 
Conn.,  Oct.  29,  1805;  married  Miss  L. 
Johnson,  in  Ohio,  in  1830;  she  was  born 
in  Franklin  Co.,  Vermont,  Oct.  18,  1805 ; 

.  they  came  to  this  Co.  in  1842;  she  died 
June  1, 1859;  had  seven  children:  Orange, 
born  Dec.  25,  1831 ;  he  enlisted  in  the  74th 
Regt.  I.  V.  I. ;  died  m  service,  Nov.  5, 
1864;  Fayette  G.,  born  Aug.  28,  1833; 
Henrv  Martin,  Sepr.  30,  1834;  Wolcott, 
July '16,  1836;  Martha,  April  2,  1841; 
Almon  Camden,  Aug.  18,  1843;  enlisted 
in  the  74th  I.  V.  I.,  Sept.,  1861 ;  served 
until  close  of  war;  Almar,  Jan.  9,  1846, 
died  Sept.  24,  18G5. 

STEELE  F.  G.  Farmer;  Sec.  36;  P. 
O.  Shirland;  born  in  Ashtabula  Co., 
Ohio,  Aug.  28,  1833;  came  to  this  Co., 
with  his  parents,  in  1842;  owns  265  acres 
land ;  has  been  Assessor  four  j-ears.  Com- 
missioner of  Highways  six  years;  Tp. 
Trustee  a  number  of  years;  has  held  va- 
rious other  offices;  married  Mary  A. 
Chandler,  in  Clinton,  Wis.,  Jan.  1,  1868; 
Mrs.  C.  was  born  in  Herkimer  Co.,  N.  Y., 
July  14,  1844;  have  three  children:  Alma, 
born  Feb.  1,  1872;  Fayette  G.,  Dec.  21, 
1873 ;  Verna,  Sept.  10,  1876. 

Stilwell  B.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

Stilwell  C.  farmer;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

STILWELL  SAMUEL,  Farmer; 
Sec.  7;  P.O.  Shirland;  born  in  Oneida 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  18,1808;  came  to  this 
Co.  in  1846;  owns  180  acres  land;  has 
been  Justice  of  the  Peace  four  years. 
Road  Commissioner  three  years ;  has  held 


SHIRLAND   TOWNSHIP. 


fi67 


various  school  offices;  miirried  Annie 
Miller,  in  N.  Y.,  Nov.  15,  18:52 ;  she  was 
born  in  Madison  Co..  N.  Y.,  ^Martli  20, 
1816;  have  had  nine  children:  Williiun' 
born  Au£?.  2,  1834;  Hiram,  April  2:5,  1830, 
enlisted  in  74th  I.  V.  I.,  in  August,  18G2, 
and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Kenesaw; 
Elizabeth,  Nov.  31.  1839,  married  \V.  W. 
Hull;  Harriet,  in  1S44,  died  Nov.  5,  1850; 
Samuel,  Jr.,  April  28.  184!) ;  jNIarv  (now 
Mrs.  L.  Lefi^lngwell),  Sept.  8,^1854;  Emma, 
August,  1857;  two  died  in  infancy,  were 
not  named. 

STILWEIiL        SA:HUEL,     JR. 

Farmer;  Sec.  27;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in 
this  Co.,  April  28.  184!);  married  Sevila 
Waltz,  in  Newark,  Wis.,  June  4,  1872; 
she  was  born  in  Sauk  Co.,  Wis.,  Sept.  13, 
1851. 
Stilwell  T.  farmer;  Sec.  7;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

S\%^EET  R.  C.  Farmer;  Sec.  35 ;  P. 
O.  Shirland;  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.Y.,  Nov. 
26.  1831 ;  came  from  there  to  Greene  Co., 
Wis.,  in  April,  1855;  thence,  in  the 
autumn  of  1855,  to  the  town  of  Rockton ; 
resided  there  ten  j-ears;  thence  to  Shir- 
land, where  he  purchased  80  acres  land, 
which  is  well  improved;  was  elected  Su- 
pervisor in  1875;  married  Miss  Lucinda 
M.  Southworth,  in  Rockton,  Oct.  29. 1857 ; 
she  was  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  1, 
1832;  have  one  daughter,  Mary  L.,  born 
in  Rockton,  Sept.  14,  1859. 

WAGER  SA1»IUEL  €.  Farmer; 
Sec.  3 ;  P.  O.  Shirland ;  born  in 
Canada,  Dec.  9,  1834;  came  to  this  Co.  in 
1848;  owns  180  acres  land;  married 
Emma  Eliza,  daughter  of  Lemuel  and 
Martha  S.  Fiske,  in  this  town  (Shirland), 
Jan.  1,  1862;  she  was  boin  in  this  town 
(Shirland),  Nov.  21,  1842;  have  two  chil- 
dren: Herbert  Lee,  born  Sept.  1:3,  1863; 
Mabel  Augusta,  Mav  27,  1865;  Lemuel 
Fiske,  father  of  Mrs.  A.  G.  and  S.  C. 
Wager,  was  born  in  Ma.ss.,  July  28,  1812; 
came  to  this  Co.  in  1837 ;  was  one  of  the 
first  settlers  in  this  township;  he  and  his 
family  being  zealous  members  of  the  Con- 
gregational Church,  he  took  an  active 
part  in  the  organization  of  the  first  Con- 
greg:itional  Church  in  this  place;  he  also 
held  various  town  and  church  offices  from 
the  time  of  his  settlement  until  the  time 
of  his  death,  which  occurred  April  26, 
1877;  wife  was  Martha  S.  Maxom;  they 
were  married  in  Indiana,  July  26,  18:^6; 
she  was  born  in  Conn.,  Nov.  17,  1809,  and 
died  Oct.  26,  1870. 

IIVAGER  A.  G.  Farmer;  Sec.  ;i5;  P.  O. 
Shirland;  born  in  Wis.,  Oct.  5,1849;  came 
to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1850;  owns 
180  acres  land;  mai'ried  Amelia,  daughter 
of  Lemuel  and  Martha  S.  Fiske,  in  this 
Tp.,  March  6,  1872 ;  she  was  b  )rn  at  her 
present  place  of  residence,  April  24,  1840; 


have   one   child,    Florence   Amelia,    horn 

Jan.  27,  1873. 
Weary  J.  S.  insurance  agent;  Shirland. 
AVescott  M.  farm;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.  Reloit,  Wis. 
Wescott  S.  farm;  Sec. 36;  P.  O.  Heloit.  Wis. 

Wll.li  ROKT.  Farmer;  Sec.  6;  P.O. 
Sliirhuul;  horn  in  Kincardenshire,  Scot- 
land. July  10,  18:55;  moved  to  thisCo.with 
his  parents  in  1848;  owns  121  acres  land  ; 
married  Lydia  Stokes,  intiiis  town,  Sept. 
2-7,  1869;  she  was  born  in  Erie  Co.,  N.  Y., 
March  28,  1842;  have  had  four  ciiildren: 
Nellie,  born  Aug.  15,  1870.  died  Sept.  24, 
1870;  Arthur.  Feb.  11,1872;  Walter,  Dee. 
18,  1873,  died  Feb.  1,  1875;  Katie,  March 
16,  1876. 

Wilson  J.  farmer;  Sec.  28;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

WOOD  EI.1.ERY,  Farmer;  Sec.  10; 
P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  this  town,  March 
28,  1852;  married  Miss  Hattie  Rlood,  in 
Reloit,  Wis.,  Oct.  12,  1874;  she  was  horn 
in  Penn.,in  1850;  have  one  child,  Winnie, 
born  in  Rockford,  March  28,  1876. 

Wood  O.  retired  farmer;  Shirland. 

Woodward  C.  farm ;  S.  C ;  P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis. 

WOOOWARO  JA4JOB  II.  Farm- 
er; Sec.  6;  P.O.  Beloit,  Wis.;  born  in  Vt., 
Jan.  22,  1820;  went  from  there  to  Mass. 
in  18;i7;  thence  to  N.  Y.  in  1839;  tlience  to 
Penn.  in  1841 ;  from  there  he  came  to 
Boone  Co.,  this  State,  in  1845;  moved  to 
this  Co.  in  1846,  and  it  has  since  been  his 
home ;  owns  106  acres  lantl ;  has  held  vari- 
ous offices;  married    Mary   A.  Gould,   in 

Cook   ,   July,  1852;   she  was  born  in 

Berkshire  Co.,  jMa^s.,  in  Feb.,  1826;  have 
three  children:  Samuel  Counncv,  born 
April  1,  1855;  Chas.  Carroll,  July  12,  1859; 
Fonetta  Adell,  July  18,  1861. 

YALE  JAS.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Shir- 
land. 
Yale  E.  L.  farmer;  Sec.  33;  P.  O.  Shirland. 

ZAHN  XICHOIiAS,  Farmer;  Sec. 
36;  P.  O.  Shirland;  born  in  Lorraine, 
France,  Nov.  15,  1815;  came  from  there  to 
Ohio  in  1828;  thence  to  this  Co.  in  1845; 
owns  157  acres  land;  has  been  Town  Col- 
lector three  years,  and  has  held  various 
other  Tp.  and  church  offices;  married 
Susan  Cornloney,  in  Ohio,  Sept.  4,  18:^8; 
she  was  born  in  Md.,  March  17,  1823; 
have  had  eight  children  :  Eliza  Jane,  bora 
in  1840;  Horace,  Dec.  24,  1842;  enlisted  in 
:3d  Col.  V.  C. :  died  in  tlie  service,  Nov.l4, 
1864;  Sanford,  Sept.  4,  1845;  John  W., 
Jan. 4,  1848;  he  married  I-]mma  Clover,  in 
Rockton,  Dec.  24,  1874;  she  was  horn  in 
Rockton,  Feb.  17,  1855;  Mary  Alice.  Aug. 
28  1850,  died  Nov.  15,  I860;  Frank 
Emory,  April  22,1856;  Hettie  Ann.  Sept. 
4  1853.  died  Dec.  21,  1865;  Willie  Foster, 
Sept.  28,  1865. 
Zahm  John,  farmer;  Sec.  36;  P.O.  Shirland. 


WINNEBAGO    COUNTY   DIKECTOBT: 


TOO  LATES. 


CSERRY  VALLEY  TOWNSHIP. 

CHAMBERLIX     AliFBED     A. 

Justice  of  the  Peace;  P.  O.  Cherry  Val- 
ley. Born  in  Barton,  Orleans  Co.,  Vt., 
March  20,  1807.  Came  to  Winnebago  Co. 
in  the  spring  of  1844. 

Purchased  Cherry  Valley  Mill  in  1850, 
and  has  resided  in  Cherry  Valley  from 
that  time  to  the  present.  Mr.  Chamber! in 
has  served  the  people  faithfully  in  various 
official  capacities,  as  Assessor,  Collector 
and  Justice  of  the  Peace,  having  held  one 
or  more  of  these  responsible  positions  con- 
stantly since  his  residence  in  the  town. 
His  hair  is  whitened  by  the  frosts  of  70 
winters,  and  at  this  time  the  venerable 
subject  of  this  notice  is  hale  and  hearty, 
with  faculties  keenly  alive  to  passing 
events.  Never  has  been  under  the  care  of 
a  physician.  Always  voted  Whig  and 
Republican  tickets.  Loyal  to  the; govern- 
ment of  the  United  States,  and  generous 
toward  his  fellow  men. 

He  was  married  Sept.  25, 1834,  at  Byron, 
New  York,  to  Miss  Nancy  Elizabeth  Mun- 
ger,  who  was  born  in  Spriugtield,  Mass., 
Sept.  30,  1808.  They  have  had  six  chil- 
dren :  Marion  T.  Charaberlin,  born  at  By- 
ron, N.  Y.,  Jan.  29,  1836;  Hazen  Cham- 
ber! in,  born  at  Grand  Detour,  111.,  Jan.  13, 
1830,  died  April  15,  1840;  Emma  S.  Cham- 
berlin,  born  at  Grand  Detour,  111.,  Nov.  13, 
1842;  Tliyrza  F.  Chamberlin,  born  at  Au- 
rora, 111.,  Oct.  27,  1847;  Dwight  A.  Cham- 
berlin, born  at  Rockford,  111.,  June  2, 
1849;  Cliarles  Sumner  Chamberlin,  born 
at  Cherry  Valley,  I!!.,  Sept.  24,  1855, 
died  Sept.  15,  1860.  Marion  T.  Cham- 
berlin graduated  at  the  Rockford  Semi- 
nary in  July,  1858,  and  was  married 
to  John  L.  Loop,  Esq.,  of  Belvidere,  111., 
the  following  October.  Emma  S.  Cham- 
berlin—E.  B.  Day— Oct.  9,  I860;  she  was 
married  again,  Nov.  15,  1870,  to  Capt.  Geo. 
M.  We!!s,  of  Laketon,  Midi.  Thyrza  F. 
Chamberlin,  married,  Aug.  5,  1873,  Geo. 
W.  Bridgeraau,  a  young  attorney  of  ability 
and  worth,  whose  home  is  in  Michigan. 
D.  A.  Chamberlin,  witli  whom  his  father 
and  mother  now  reside,  married  Lillia  E. 
Thomas,  June  29, 1870,  at  St.  Joseph,  Mich. 

BeGRAFF  ABRAM  F.  Carpenter 
and  Joiner;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  born  in 
Glenville,  Schenectady  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov. 
2,1828;  served  an  ajiprenticeship  at  his 
trade  in  the  city  of  Brooklyn;  attended 
Plymouth  Church  regularly,  enjoying  tlie 
convincing  eloquence  and  matchless  ora- 
tory of  one  of  America's  greatest  speakers. 
Dr.  H.  W.  Beeclier,  for  ifour  years;  came 
to  Winnebaixo  Co.  in  1854;  married,  Aug. 
13,  1863,  Miss  Sarah  A.  Potter,  whose 
birthplace  was  Hadley,  Lapier  Co.,  Mich., 


April  8,  1838 ;  have  three  children ;  Lou' 
isa  T.,  born  Oct.  13,  1864;  Anna  G.,  Aug' 
26,  1866;  Mary  F.,  April  1,  1872;  Mr.  De 
Graff  has  in  his  possession  at  the  present 
time  an  old  Dutch  Bible,  published  in 
Rotterdam,  Holland,  in  1710,  bound  with 
brass  plates  and  hinges,  owned  by  his  an- 
cestors ;  also  some  old  accounts  kept  by 
his  great-grandfather,  on  English  paper 
bearing  the  royal  stamp  which  suggested 
the  idea  of  the  famous  "  Stamp  Act,"  the 
news  of  which  swept  over  America  like  a 
thunder-cloud,  causing  the  just  indigna- 
tion and  wrath  of  a  grief-stricken  people; 
his  grandfather  passed  through  the  ter- 
rible ordeal  of  the  Revolution  ;  his  great- 
great-grandfather  and  a  son  were  captured 
by  the  Indians,  in  1746,  and  carried  to 
Canada,  where  the  old  man  died,  at  Que- 
bec, in  June,  1748;  the  son  having  escaped 
returned  through  the  dense  forests,  on 
foot,  to  N,  Y. ;  the  house  from  which  they 
were  taken  remains  to  this  day,  in  Schen- 
ectady Co. ;  he  has  a  distinct  history  of 
the  genealogy  of  his  forefathers  back  to 
the  first  colonies  sent  out  under  the  Dutch 
East  India  Company,  which  furnished 
Sir  Henry  Hudson  the  vessel  in  which  he 
sailed  up  the  noble  river  which  bears  the 
name  of  Hudson,  on  whose  delightful 
banks  there  are  so  many  beautiful  homes 
to-day. 

HAI.E  MISS   JOSEPHIl^E, 

Teacher;  P.  O.  Cherry  Valley;  daughter 
of  Alfred  E.  and  Harriet  Hale ;  born  Dec. 
5,  1854.  Mr.  Hale,  the  father  of  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch,  came  from  Conn,  to 
Winnebago  Co.,  Oct.,  1839;  during  his 
life  was  known  as  an  active  and  influen- 
tial man  in  the  political  affairs  of  his 
country;  was  loyal  to  the  government,  and 
no  less  remarkable  for  his  admirable 
social  qualities  than  for  his  intellectual 
abilities.  As  a  companion,  he  was  the 
delight  of  his  friends,  to  whom  he  was 
faithful,  and  none  ever  had  better  or  truer 
— they  loved  him  from  the  beginning  to 
the  last.  He  served  the  people  faithfully 
in  various  official  capacities,  and  in  1860 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  the  State, 
serving  his  constituency  ably  and  hon- 
estly two  years;  during  this  time  the  war 
of  the  rebellion  brokeout,  and  Mr.  Hale 
was  always  ready  to  render  material  aid 
to  the  administration,  comforting  and 
cheering  the  Union  Army  at  the  same 
lime;  was  appointed  Assistant  U.  S.  Mar- 
shal, the  responsible  duties  of  which  he 
discharged  faithfully  and  well.  After  the 
return  of  peace  to  our  land,  he  lived  in 
the  retirement  of  his  home,  with  his  inter- 
esting family  until  Nov.  3,  1870,  when  he 
died  "suddenly  of  heart  disease.    He  did 


TOO  LATES. 


fifiO 


not  know  that  the  silver  cord  was  loosened, 
and  that  the  golden  bowl  was  breakini;  at 
the  fountain,  but  he  was  resigned,  feeling 
that  He  who  gave  has  the  right  to  take 
awaj-  in  t:is  own  good  time  and  manner. 
Miss  Josephene  Hale  was  educated  under 
the  eye  of  her  intelligent  moiiier,  and  is 
now  a  teacher  in  the  Cherry  Valley  (Traded 
School,  a  position  which  she  has  tilled 
with  abilitjr  for  five  years. 

HUSSEY  DAVID  G.  Physician 
and  Burgeon,  Elgin  st.,  Cherrv  Valley; 
born  in  Noble  Co.,  Ohio,  Dec.  C,  1842; 
came  to  Cherry  Valley  in  the  spring  of 
1866;  graduate  of  Chicago  Medical  Col- 
lege, class  of  1867;  married  Mary  E. 
Mackey,  in  August,  lS(i5;  she  was 'born 
in  Washington  Co.,  Ohio;  tlay  have  one 
child,  Dexter  Selvayn,  born  June  8,  1868; 
the  Dr.  served  in  the  Union  army  as  First 
Lieutenant. 

KEITH  LEWIS,  Whose  portrait  ap- 
pears in  this  work,  was  born  May  2,  1826, 
in  Morgan  Co.,  Ohio.  His  great-grand- 
father came  from  Holland  ^o  America 
about  fifteen  years  before  the  Revolution, 
and  settled  in  New  Lancashire,  Pa.  Here 
he  engagett  in  the  smithing  business  for 
mauj'3'ears,when  he  moved  to  Huntingdon 
Co.,  where  he  died  in  1810.  He  had 
served  as  blacksmith  in  the  Revolutionary 
war.  Mr.  Keith's  grandfather,  Petei',  was 
a  blacksmith  and  farmer,  and  moved  to 
Morgan  Co.,  Ohio,  in  1814,  and  had  a  fam- 
ily of  twelve  children.  He  came  to  Rock- 
ford,  Winnebago  Co.,  111.,  in  1836,  at  that 
time  containing  only  two  or  three  houses, 
and  located  on  the  east  side  of  tlie  river, 
just  below  the  present  site  of  tiie  water 
piiwer.  He  died,  aged  81  years,  4  months. 
His  father  was  born  in  1801,  in  Hunting- 
ton Co.,  Pa.  Came  to  Morgan  Co.,  Ohio, 
with  father,  in  1814.  July  6,  1842,  came 
to  Laporte,  Ind.,  and  built  a  cabin  on  the 
same  lot  on  which  his  residence  now 
stands. 

His  family  consists  of  nine  sons  and  five 
daughters,  all  of  whom  are  married  and 
stillliving.  He  married  first,  Mary  Spen- 
cer, l)y  whom  he  had  four  sons,  the  young- 
est of  whom  IS  the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
being  only  twelve  days  old  at  the  time  of 
his  mother's  death.  His  second  wife  was 
Nancy  O'Hara,  and  by  her  he  had  ten  sons 
and  daughters.  His  third  was  Mrs.  Nancy 
H.  Jessup.  His  children  are  as  follows: 
Joseph  married  Jane  Bunker;  p]lisha  mar- 
ried Amanda  Thoinberg;  Peler  married 
Sarah  J.  Thornton;  Lewis  married  Cath- 
erine Brown;  Bolsar  married  Catherine 
Banks;  ;MHry married  Henry  Crane;  Julia 
A.  married  Lewis  Parker;  Maria  married 
Edward  Cox;  E.  Wesley  married  Sarah 
Prian;  Dennis  T.  married  Catherine  Ear- 
nest; Francis  31.  married  Martha  .McLane; 
3largaret  married  Geo.  Huckens;  W. 
Riley  married  Sarah  Crane;  Ariadna  mar- 
ried Amos  Taylor.     On  the  first  day  of 


March,  18:$7,  i\Ir.  K.  landed  in  Winnebago 
Co.,  after  a  fourteen  days'  journey  from 
Lajiorte,  Hid.,  a  distance  of  150  miles, 
during  whicli  time  snow  fell  to  liie  depth 
of  one  foot.  He  was  at  that  time  ten 
years  of  age,  and  came  with  friends  tolive 
with  his  grandfalher,  who  died  the  follow- 
ing year,  since  wiiich  time  he  has  been 
emphatically  the  architecl  of  his  own  for- 
tune. With  no  one  to  depend  upon,  he 
has  1)3'  the  native  energy  of  his  character, 
wrought  out  a  luunlsome  fortune,  owning 
1,400  acres  of  land  in  this  vicinity,  and 
1,000  in  Iowa,  with  the  necessary  adtli- 
tional  means  for  managing  such  a  prop, 
erty.  He  also  conducts  a  mercantile  bus- 
iness  in  Cherry  Valley.  His  first  wife  was 
Catherine  Brown,  from  Ohio;  she  died  in 
1862,  leaving  three  children:  Lewis  W., 
Luther  L.  and  Roswell  C.  i\Iarried  Miss 
Louisa  M.  Farley,  from  Ohio,  in  1864;  have 
two  children;  Julia  Florence,  born  July 
14,  1869;  Estella,  March  31,  1871. 

ROCKFORD  CITY. 

BELL  THO.IIAS,  Clerk  of  Winne- 
bago Co.;  born  in  Scotland,  Maj'  20, 
1847;  came  to  this  countiy  in  1851;  to 
Marion  Co.,  this  State,  in  1855,  where,  in 
February,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H., 
60th  Regt.  I.  V.  I.;  was  wounded  in  bat- 
tle, near  Marietta,  Georgia,  July  4.  1864; 
discharged  June  29,  1865,  and  settled  in 
Rockford,  Winnebago  Co.;  married  Miss 
Priscilla  C.  Patterson,  'Nov.  21.  1868; 
three  children,  William,  Alice  and  Robert. 

ROWLAND  WM.  L.  Librarian  of 
the  Public  Librarv  of  the  Citv  of  Rock- 
ford,  P.  O.  Block;   resides  312  JE.  State  st. 

TALCOTT  €APT.  WILLIAM, 

(Deceased),  was  born  in  Gilead,  Conn., 
March  6,  1774,  where  he  remained  until 
1810,  when  he  emigrated  with  his  family 
to  Rome,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  re- 
mained in  agricultural  pursuits;  during 
the  war  of  1812  to  '15  the  militia  of  Onei- 
da Co.  was  called  out  and  stationed  at 
Sacket's  Harbor,  N.  Y.,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Gen.  Winfield  Scott,  at  which 
time  Capt.  Talcoti  held  a  lieutenant's 
commission  in  a  company  which  belonged 
to  the  157th  Regiment  of  the  State  Militia; 
In  1835,  together  with  his  oldest  son, 
Thomas  B.,  he  explored  what  was  then 
''The  Great  West,"  making  the  trip  with 
a  hor.se  and  buggy,  (it  being  prior  lo  the 
age  of  rail  roads)  "and  selected  a  location 
at  the  junction  of  the  Rock  and  Pecaloni- 
ca  Rivers,  now  known  as  Rockton,  Win- 
nebago Co.,  III.,  to  which  place  he  re- 
moved his  family  in  1837,  there  being 
then  only  two  white  families  in  the  Co.; 
he  erected  mills  which  were  for  a  lon^ 
time  the  pioneer  mills  of  the  Co.,  and 
when  customers  came  with  grists  even 
from  Fort  Winnebago;  always  anxious  to 
lay  good  foundations  for  the  religious  in- 


670 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


tei-ests  of  society,  early  after  the  arrival  of 
his  family,  ou  the  23d  of  March,  1838,  he 
assisted  iii  organizing  the  first  Congrega- 
tional church  there,  consisting  of  fourteen 
members,  of  which  five  were  of  the  Tal- 
cott  family  and  some  years  afterwards,  af- 
ter the  church  had '  erected  a  meeting 
house,  he  gave  the  society  a  bell.  On  the 
records  of  the  church  for  June  12,  1855, 
is  found  the  following: 

"0/i  motion  Eesoloed:  That  for  the  do- 
nation  of  a  bell  by  William  Talcott,  he  is 
entitled  to  the  thanks  of  this  church  and 
society,  and  the  clerk  is  directed  to  enter 
this  resolution  upon  the  records." 

Subsequently  at  a  town  meeting  a  vote 
of  thanks  was  also  passed  and  it  was  or- 
dered that  his  name  be  inscribed  on  the 
bell  at  the  expense  of  the  town;  he  was 
ideutiiied  with  the  anti-slavery  movement 
from  the  first,  and  when  it  developed  into 
a  political  organization  ;  and  at  the  great 
National  Convention  of  -the  Liberty  Par- 
ty, at  Bufl[\ilo,  N.  Y.,  in  1844,  nominated 
James  G.  Birney  for  the  Presidency;  he 
was  one  of  seven  who  voted  the  ticket  in 
the  Co.  of  Winnebago,  Ills.,  which  in  1860 
w^as  the  Banner  Co.  of  the  U.  S.,  giving  a 
larger  per  cent,  of  its  votes  for  the  lament- 
ed, martyred  President  Lincoln  than  any 
county  in  the  nation;  he  continued  to 
maintain  an  intense  interest  in  the  absorb- 
ing public  issues  of  the  day,  through  the 
most  significant  periods  of  the  war,  and 
had  thehappiness  of  believing  before  he 
passed  away,  Sept.  2,  1864,  that  the  strug- 
gle would  terminate  as  it  has  in  favor  of 
Freedom  and  the  Union. 

TAIiCOTT  WALTER  HEXRY, 

(Uecea^ed),  was  born  at  Rome,  Oneida  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  13,  1814,  where  he  remained 
w'ith  his  parents  till  October,  1835,  when 
he  emigrated  to  111.  in  company  with  his 
father  and  brothers  and  located  at  the 
junction  of  the  Rock  and  Pecatonica  Riv- 
ers, in  Winnebago  Co. ;  he  traveled  on  foot 
from  Chicago,  through  the  then  almost 
uninhabited  country  west  of  the  lake,  and 
was  obliged  to  camp  out  two  nights  on 
the  way,  encamping  the  third  night  near 
where  Beloit,  Wis.,  was  subsequently  lo- 
cated. Chicago  was  for  a  long  time  the 
nearest  post-otfice,  and  the  customary 
way  to  get  letters  was  for  some  one  of  the 
settlers  of  the  neighborhood  to  go  with  an 
ox  team,  and  bring  out  the  mail  to  the 
settlement;  at  that  age  of  the  world  every 
letter  cost  a  quarter  of  a  dollar  for  postage, 
and  it  was  then  more  difficult  to  get  "  the 
quarter  "  than  it  is  now  to  get  "  a  quarter 
eagle." 

He  was  identified  early  with  the  anti- 
slavery  movement,  being  always  uncom- 
promising  in  his  hostility  to  slavery, and  all 
the  laws  favoring  it,  and  firmly  attached  to 
the  Liberty  Party  from  its  first  organiza- 
tion. October  1, 1845,  he  married  Eraeline 
McConnell,  formerly  of  Chemung  County, 


New  York;  his  business  relations  were 
connected  with  his  father,  and  brothers 
Thomas  B.,  Wait  and  Sylvester  Talcott, 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Rock- 
ton,  111.,  Dec.  9,  1870;  his  oldest  son, 
Dwight  L.  Talcott,  at  the  time  the  Rebel- 
lion broke  out,  was  neariug  the  age  at 
which  so  many  of  the  young  men  of  the 
country  were  permitted  to  enlist  into  the 
Union  army,  to  jeopard  their  lives,  and  in 
many,  many  cases  to  lose  them,  that  our 
noble  government  might  be  perpetuated, 
and  make  possible  "  our  wonderful  Cen- 
tennial Exhibition ''  in  1876. 

Dwight  Lewis  Talcott  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army,  at  the  age  of  ll^^  years,  at 
Belvidere,  Boone  Co.,  111.,  Jan.  3,  1864; 
was  a  member  of  Co.  I,  9th  Regt.  111.  Vol. 
Cav. ;  was  provost  guard  in  Fort  Picker- 
ing, near  Memphis,  Tenn.,  until  March 
18,  1864,  when  he  came  home  witli  the 
regiment  on  "veteran  furlough;"  acted  as 
courier  and  orderly  to  Capt.  J.  W.  Harjjer 
until  the  following  fall.  Harper  com- 
manded the  regiment  and  afterward  the 
brigade.  The  regiment  traveled,  by  rail- 
road, steamboat,  and  marches,  ove)'  30,000 
miles,  and  scoured  the  States  of  Missouri, 
Arkansas,  Tennessee,  Alabama,  and  Mis- 
sissippi, from  end  to  end.  The  following 
is  a  list  of  the  principal  battles  in  which 
he  took  part:  Pontotoc,  Miss.,  July  12, 
1864;  Tupelo,  July  15  and  16,  1864;  Old 
Town  Creek,  Miss.,  July  16,  1864;  Talla- 
hatchie, Aug.  10.  1864;  Abbyville,  Miss., 
Aug.  12,  1864;  Hurricane  Creek,  Aug.  13, 
1864;  Oxford,  Miss.,  Aug.  14,  1864;  Sav- 
annah. Tenn.,  Oct.  14,  1864;  Shoal  River, 
Ala.,  Nov.  6,  10,  11,  16,  18  and  19,  1864; 
Lawreuceburg,  Tenn.,  Nov.  21,  1864; 
Pulaski,  Tenn.,  Nov.  22,  1864;  Campbells- 
ville,  Tenn.,  Nov.  24,  1864,  which  was 
Thanksgiving  day  of  that  year. 

The  night  of  July  11,  1864,  he  saved  a 
comrade  from  falling  into  the  clutches  of 
two  rebels  who  were  crawling  upon  him. 
The  same  night  was  the  only  man  of  eight 
that  stood  to  his  post  and  maintained  his 
ground  until  help  arrived,  the  rest  break- 
ing for  camp  when  the  pickets  were  at- 
tacked. 

At  Old  Town  Creek,  July  16,  1864,  the 
stock  of  his  gun  was  hit  by  a  spent  ball 
while  loading;  in  the  same  fight  the 
breach  of  the  gun  burst  while  firing. 

Near  Abbyville,  while  scouting,  shot  at 
two  negroes,  mistaking  them  for  guerrillas, 
happily  missed  them  and  discovered  the 
mistake. 

At  White  Station,  Miss.,  in  the  fall  of 
1864,  while  outside  of  the  picket  lines 
with  a  comrade,  gathering  wild  fruit,  dis- 
covered several  bushwhackers  coming 
who  liad  not  seen  them,  but  caught  sight 
of  them  as  they  jumped  for  their  horses, 
and  they  had  a  race  for  life,  running  their 
horses  all  the  way  to  camp,  somethmg 
over  a  mile,  the  bushwhackers  in  pursuit. 


TOO    LATK9. 


671 


the  bullets  wliistlino;  around  them  all  the 
time,  but  reached  the  lines  in  safety. 

While  out  foraging  one  day  rode  into  a 
crowd  of  guerrilhis,  taking  them  for  our 
men,  as  they  had  on  our  uniforms.  As 
tiiey  were  biisy  about  their  breakfast,  soon 
slipped  their  company,  without  their  dis- 
covering "the  Yankee." 

\\'as  in  the  saddle  on  one  occasion  over 
forty-eight  hours,  stopped  tliree  times  to 
feed  horses,  and  marched  200  miles. 

In  the  tight  at  Shoal  River  crossed  the 
river  three  times  while  under  a  heavy  tire 
from  the  enemy,  they  being  located  on 
high  bluffs,  the  water  fairly  boiling  from 
the  force  of  the  bullets,  which  fell  as  thick 
as  hailstones.  Ou  another  occasion  got 
placed  between  two  fires,  that  of  the  rebels 
and  of  the  Union  troops. 

Xov.  19  were  surrounded  by  the  enemy, 
and  retreat  across  the  river  being  impos- 
sible, cut  an  outlet  and  escaped,  passing 
down,  by  file,  a  steep,  miry  bank,  obliquely, 
200  feet.  The  mortification  and  apparent 
chagrin  of  the  rebels,  wheu  they  found 
their  prey  had  unexpectedly  escaped  tlieir 
snare,  was  made  known  by  hideous  yells, 
such  as  only  rebels  can  make. 

At  Lawreuceburg  liad  some  very  close 
calls  from  the  bullets  of  the  enemy,  but 
came  out  without  a  scratch. 

At  Campbellsville,  while  retreatmg,  as 
the  road  passed  through  a  narrow  gorge, 
the  enemy  attempted  to  cut  the  command 
in  two.  Being  ordered  to  hold  the  gap  at 
all  hazards,  the  regiment  had  scarcely 
dismounted  when  a  heavy  fire  was  re- 
ceived from  a  brigade  of  the  enemy.  Not 
a  particle  daunted,  they  advanced  until  it 
became  a  hand-to-hand  conflict.  The 
company  of  which  he  was  a  member  lost 
twenty-four  men  in  as  man}'  minutes,  and 
all  were  killed  or  wounded  but  four,  who 
were  taken  prisoners,  he  being  one  of  the 
four.  When  captured  he  had  200  rounds 
of  ammunition,  which  were  not  given  up 
with  gun  and  belt,  but  kept  from  the 
enemy  and  destro)'ed.  Was  soon  stripped 
of  hat,  boots,  gloves,  knife,  and  spurs,  and 
was  searched  b}'  the  rebels  five  or  six 
times  during  the  first  night.  One  of  them 
found  some  photographs  of  his  parents, 
which  he  begged  the  privilege  of  keeping, 
but,  with  an  oath,  they  were  tossed  into 
the  fire.  For  eight  days  had  no  food  ex- 
cept the  corn  picked  up  where  the  horses 
had  been  fed.  Were  kept  at  Fort  Colom- 
bia, Tenn.,  for  fifteen  days,  living  on  less 
than  an  ear  of  corn  a  day.  Dec.  17,  18(54, 
after  Hood's  defeat  at  Nashville,  started 
for  Southern  prisons;  marched  to  luka, 
Miss.,  thence  by  rail,  via  Corinth  and 
Jackson,  Miss.,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  and 
Macon,  Ga.,  to  Andersonville.  The  pris- 
oners being  crowded  into  box  cars,  with 
neither  room  to  sit  or  lie  down,  from  two 
to  six  died  in  each  car  every  day.  Arriv- 
ing at  Andersonville,  saw  200  prisoners 


joining  the  rebel  army,  taking  the  oath  of 
the  Southern  Confederacy,  and  drawing 
clothing  and  nttions.  The  future  looked 
dark  to  the  new  arrivals,  l)iit  they  took 
new  courage  when  they  found  Ihat'not  a 
native  born  American  wa>.  in  the  lot.  In 
the  i)rison  met  fellow-prisoners,  mere 
walking  skeletons,  covered  with  tilth  and 
vermin.  Had  no  protection  from  the 
weather  in  the  .shape  of  clothing  but  the 
few  rags  they  were  allowed  to  keep.  Had 
no  wood,  no  food,  no  wholesonu-  water, 
not  even  pure  air  to  breathe,  for  the  odor 
of  the  stockade  was  detected  before  it  was 
reached.  A  railing  around  the  inside, 
about  one  rod  from  the  stockade,  consti- 
tuted the  "  dead  line,"  which  to  touch  or 
pass  was  "death."  Receiving  no  notice  of 
it,  came  near  being  shot  witliin  an  hour 
after  arrival,  by  an  attempt  to  pass  under 
it,  but  was  pulled  back  and  saved  by  a 
comrade.  Burrowed  in  the  ground  for 
several  weeks,  taking  a  severe  cold,  be- 
came sick,  lost  flesh  very  rapidly,  and 
could  hardly  crawl.  Had  not  any  medi- 
cal treatment,  nor  had  any  of  the  prison- 
ers, so  far  as  known,  and  no  religious 
privileges.  The  prisoners  seemed  crazed 
by  their  condition,  and  the  stronger 
preyed  upon  the  weaker.  The  prison 
covered  about  thirty  acres,  and  part  of  the 
time  was  densely  crowded.  S<mietime8 
two  wagon-loads  of  dead  bodies  were 
hauled  out  in  one  day.  Twenty-eiiiht  per 
cent,  of  all  the  prisoners  received  died  in 
the  prison.  Their  last  restiug-))lace  was 
called  the  "bone-yard,"  by  their  fellow- 
prisoners,  for  they  were  generally  mere 
skeletons,  and  died  from  starvation.  Hav- 
ing the  scurvy,  accompanied  with  diar- 
rhtta,  became  so  weak  were  necessarily 
transferred  to  another  stockade,  called  a 
hospital,  about  one-fourth  as  large  as  the 
former,  surrounded  on  three  sides  by  wet, 
swampy  land,  very  little,  if  any,  better 
than  the  big  stockade.  Here  were  some 
old,  woro-out  tents  to  help  protect  from 
the  weather.  The  rations  were  s(mie  bel- 
ter, but  insufficient,  received  some  medi- 
cal treatment,  but  had  no  chance  to  wash 
or  keep  clean. 

The  keeper  of  the  prison  was  Captain 
Henry  Wirz  (a  native  of  Switzerland), 
usually  called  by  the  prisoners  "The  Old 
Dutch  Captain."  He  was  a  tool  and  a  mur- 
derer in  the  hands  of  prominent  rebels, 
dealing  out  with  an  unsparing  hand  all 
the  horrorsof  disease,  pollution  and  death, 
that  he  jiossibly  could,  and  was  vulgar 
and  profane  in  the  extreme. 

A  pack  of  blood-hounds  was  kept  at  the 
prison  to  track  and  catch  escaped  prison- 
ers, and  their  yelping  cries  were  often 
heard  as  they  started  ou  the  track  of  the 
fugitives. 

March  18,  1865,  came  a  day  of  deliver- 
ance to  1,000  of  the  prLsoners,  still  leaving 
7,000.    He,  being   nearly    dead,  was    al- 


672 


WINNEBAGO   COUNTY   DIRECTORY: 


lowed  the  choice  to  go  or  stay,  decided  to 
go.  Many  of  his  comrades  begged  of  him 
to  give  them  his  place,  saying  "you  can 
never  live  to  get  home."  To  their  earnest 
entreaties  his  reply  was,  "  I  may  not  live 
to  get  home,  but  I  wish  to  die  as  near 
home  and  God's  country  (as  we  call  the 
Nonh)  as  I  can."  He  was  about  the 
twenty-third  man  of  the  one  thousand 
called  out.  Although  weak  and  scarcely 
able  to  stand,  how  he  ever  got  to  the  sta- 
tion, one  mile  distant,  God  only  knows, 
for  at  every  attempt  to  walk  he  reeled  and 
fell,  but  most  of  the  times  nearer  ihe  ob- 
jective point;  so  by  rolling,  crawling  and 
dragging  himself  along,  after  six  hours' 
struggle^  reached  the  desired  goal.  Started 
in  box  cars  for  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  with 
plenty  of  liard  crackers  and  pork,  the  tirst 
food  of  the  kind  he  had  seen  or  tasted 
since  lie  was  taken  prisoner.  After  twelve 
days'  travel  arrived  at  the  Big  Black 
River,  twenty  miles  east  of  Vicksburg, 
where  they  were  paroled,  March  30,  1865. 
Never  before  did  the  flag  of  the  siars  and 
stripes  have  so  much  significance  as  it 
floated  in  the  breeze.  It  was  a  touching 
sight  to  see  the  men,  with  tearful  eyes, 
gazing  at  that  precious  emblem  of  free- 
dom. Many  of  the  men  who  had  been 
buoyed  up  with  hope  and  excitement,  now 
found  themselves  weak  and  perfectly 
helpless.  At  Vicksburg  they  were  placed 
on  a  hospital  steamboat,  reaching  Jeffer- 
son Barracks,  Missouri,  April  8,  1865, 
when,  for  the  first  time  in  four  months,  he 
had  on  a  pair  of  shoes  and  a  har,  being 
still  weak  and  unable  to  walk  or  sit  up. 
His  father,  who  went  to  bring  him  home, 
found  him  in  the  hospital,  April  11th,  and 
started  for  home  on  the  14th,  picking  him 
up  and  carrying  him  in  his  arms  to  the 
cars,  as  he  would  a  child,  the  merest  skel- 
eton of  his  former  self,  weighing  only 
seventy-five  pounds,  just  about  one-half  as 
much  as  when  he  entered  the  service,  his 
weight  then  being  one  hundred  and  forty- 
seven.  He  was  covered  with  scurvy 
sores,  some  so  large  as  the  palm  of  the 
hand,  and  hip  bones  badly  protuberant. 
Arrived  at  home  April  15tti,  the  day  the 
news  of  President  Lincoln's  assassination 


was  received.  Was  confined  to  his  bed 
several  weeks,  and  the  cough  he  had  con- 
tracted hung  around  him  for  fifteen 
months.  His  hair  fell  out,  and  his  skin, 
which  was  of  a  yellow  clay  color,  did  not 
appear  healthy  for  a  long  time;  could  not 
partake  of  food  with  salt  in  it,  or  highly 
seasoned,  for  over  two  months,  and  was 
unable  to  do  manual  labor  of  any  kind  for 
over  a  year.  He  received  his  discharge 
June  5,  1865,  at  Chicago,  111.,  and  also  a 
notice  from  the  War  Department,  dated 
June  20th,  that  he  was  duly  exchanged. 

In  the  spring  of  1872,  he  settled  in 
Osage,  Mitchell  Co.,  Iowa,  where  he  now 
resides  (1876),  engaged  in  farming. 

ROCKTON  TOWNSHIP. 

CARPENTER  Ml  ROX  THOS. 

Farmer;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Kockton;  born  in 
Berkshire  Co.,  Ma-s.,  Feb.  18,  1«37 ;  moved 
to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  1854;  owns 
80  acres  land ;  first  wife  was  Ida  L.  Hum- 
phrey;  they  were  married  in  Beloit,  Wis. ; 
she  was  born  in  Beloit,  in  1854;  died  Aug. 
2,  1874;  had  one  child  by  this  marriage, 
Maude  Ida,  born  July  27,  1874;  present 
wife  was  Sophia  Leavitt  Martin;  they 
were  married  in  Rockton,  June  20,  1877; 
she  was  born  In  Washington  Co.  Vt.,  June 
16,  1857 ;  Mr.  Carpenter's  father,  Thos.  Car- 
penter, was  born  in  Williamstown,  Mass., 
April  13,  1801;  came  to  this  Co.  in  1854; 
married  Ann  Graves,  in  N.  Y.,  Feb.  12, 
1829;  she  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  June  13, 
1799;  he  died  in  this  town,  Jan.  20,  1874. 

COJfKIilX  HEXRY  W.  Farmer; 
Sec.  32;  P.  O.  Rockton;  born  in  Wayne 
Co.,  Penn.,  June  24, 1827 ;  came  to  this  Co. 
in  1839 ;  the  country  was  at  that  time  com- 
paratively unsettled ;  owns  179  acres  land; 
held  the  office  of  Town  Collector  two 
years ;  also  various  other  Tp.  offices ;  mar- 
ried Alvalina  Grover,  in  Juda,  Wis.,  Nov. 
28,1856;  she  was  born  in  Chautauqua  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  24,  1833;  have  had  five  chil- 
dren: Dorsey  Tyler,  born  in  Harrison,  in 
this  Co.,  Oct.  16,  1857;  Lemi  Henry,  in 
Harrison,  March  8,  1859 ;  Jas.  B.,  in  Har- 
rison, Aug.  12,  1863 ;  Rosa  E.,  in  Oregon, 
Oct.  17,  1865;  Eva  E.,  in  Rockton,  Jan. 
25,  1874. 


EBB  ATA, 


Page  235,  twenty-third  line  from  top,  "Tinder,"  should  be  Tinker. 

Page  239,  first  Tine  of  second  paragraph,  "Zorley,"  should  be  Zarley.  This  mistake 
occurs  wherever  the  name  Zarley  appears. 

Page  251,  last  line  of  first  paragraph,  "Haliu,"  should  read  Hulin. 

Page  256,  third  line  from  top,  "James  P.,"  should  be  James  B.  Martyn. 

Page  539,  biography  Alva  Beamer,  date  when  he  was  born  should  be  1837,  instead  of 
"1830." 


li 


A.  H.  Andrews  &  Co.. 

211  &  213  Wabash  Avenue,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 

Laegest  Maxufactuhers  in  the  Would  of 

School,  Church,  Off  ice  &  Bank  Fittino-s, 

School  Globes  („T.'ii:Z.),  Apparatus,  Maps  and  Charts. 


School   Furniture  and  Apparatus. 


Andrews*    "Triumph"  RcsU.    The  best 
ill  the  world,  bocaiise  Dove- 
tailed together. 


■Wi"  ItclicvG  that  wo 
ofTcr  the  only  Stiiool 
Desk  lh:it  is  durable, 

and  wliic'h  will  (xiow 
sliongor  uiul  stronger 
by  use  and  time. 

It  is  made  hy  dovo- 
tailinf,'lli(^  irouiiito  tlie 
wood,  and  tiie  siuink- 
ing  of  tlie  wood  only 
ti^J^htens  tiio  work. 

iSflionl  Oljicers  irill  ob- 
serve that  we  received  the 
hii/hest  (itrni-d  for  the  Tri- 
umph School  i)esk.i  at  the 
Ptiil'irli'lpiiid  iDternation- 
al  JLxposilion  0/  ib7U. 


Church,Hall 

— AND — 

Sunday  School  Fittings. 


Send  for  Illustrated  Catalogue  of 

School,  Church  and  Office 

FU:7NITU:7E, 

Marquetry  PYooring,  &c. 


No.  613. 


Wo  have  very  large  facilitii^ 
for  the  manufacture  of 

Chijrcli  Fiirnitiire 


Pulpits,  Pews, 

Chairs,  Settees,  &c. 

^SUNDAY  School  Seats. 

Estimates  sent  nn  stiort  notice. 


No.  180. 
SvNPAV  School  Skitff..     Aimnired  for 

swcpiiing  or  for  HiiterInK  tin-  IVw. 
A  reversible  8eatcorrf8)ioiKliiijcaccom- 

panins  tlio  ubovi-  to  altprnatu. 


J,  ID.  EASTER  &  CO. 

The  developing  of  this  great  western  country  has  brought  to  the  front  a  few  represen- 
tative men  in  eacii  of  the  leading  branches  of  indu>try.  To  develop  the  state,  and  cause  it* 
to  blossom  like  the  rose,  necessitated  farmers;  and  farmers  could  do  nothing  without  tools 
and  machines,  and  tlie  result  was  fiir-seeing  men,  with  encruy  and  enterprise,  laid  the  founda- 
tion of  the  great  industries  that,  by  the  aid  of  capital,  have  been  developed  into  mammoth 
institutions. 

Among  the  manufacturers  engaged  in  producing  machineiy  and  implements  for  the 
farmers,  there  is  probably  nowhere  to  be  found  a  firm  more  Avidely  and  favorably  known,  than 
that  of  J.  D.  E.ister  &  Co.,  Chicago.  They  are  recognized  as  tlie  originaturs  and  iutroduc 
ers  of  tlie  celebrated  Marsh  Harvester,  the  original  of  its  class,  and  to-day  the  most  suc- 
cessful Harvester  made.  The  experience  of  each  year  suggests  new  ideas  that  are  at  once 
adopted  and  added  to  the  machine,  keeping  it  in  advance  of  all  the  other  machinery  devised 
for. grain  gathering.  Heeding  the  call  for  an  Automatic  Gram  Binder,  tliey  have  secured 
the  mo-t  simple  and  satisfactory  device  yet  invented,  and  attached  it  to  the  Marsh,  and  to 
gether  they  are  the  most  complete  machine  for  the  farmer  known  for  harvesting.  Not  con- 
tent with  a  harvester  of  common  size  only,  they  also  make  one  called  the  Harvester  King; 
which  is  the  Marsh,  increased  to  a  si.^  font  cut,  and  has  an  immense  capacity  for  work.  In 
addition  to  these  harvesters,  they  also  make  the  Warrior  Mower,  the  most  perfectlj'  Avorking 
grass  cutter  in  the  field.  With  this,  as  with  all  machines  they  nlake,  the  very  best  mater- 
ial and  workmanship  is  employed,  and  the  Warrior  is  celebrated  for  its  perlect  work  and 
durability.  . 

The  Corr  Sulky  Plow,  also  made  by  them,  is  a  marvel  of  perfection  in  its  work.    It  is 
almost  amusing  to  see  with  what  ease  a  small  boy  can  manage  it, ,  and  do  as  satisfactory 
work  as  an  experienced  man.     The  independent  crank  axle  adjusts  it  to  anj'  condition   or"" 
shape  of  surface,  and  it  will  work  any  wheie  that  a  plow  can  be  asked  to  run. 

Their  experience  in  the  field,  among  the  farmers  and  stock  men,  brought  to  their 
notice  the  need  of  automatic  pumps  that  can  be  depended  on.  To  meet  this  necessity 
tney  commenced  the  manufacture  of  tlie  Mar.-.h  Wind  Mill,  to  all  intents  and  purposes  the 
same  as  any  other  mill,  save  in  one  important  feature,  and  that  is  its  graduating  crank,  by 
which  the  amount  of  work  doae  by  the  mill  is  wliollj'  governed  by  the  winds,  the  stroke  to 
the  pump  bL'ing  ch  mg  'd  from  about  three  inches  lo  eight  mches,  so  that  it  will  work  in  a 
ligliter  win  I  than  any  other  wind  mill  m  idc,  and  in  strong  winds  increases  its  woik,  by 
which  meais  it  will  do  more  pumping,  by  half,  than  any  other  of  the  same  size.  These 
facts,  we  are  as>mx*d,  can  be  demoiistrateii  at  anj^  time. 

These  are  the  leading  machines  they  make.  In  addition  to  them,  they  also  make  tlie 
Easter  Harvester,  in  two  sizes — 63^  and  5  feet  cut;  the  Marsh  Riding  Cultivator;  a  Header 
Attachment  for  the  Harvester,  etc.,  making  them  the  manufacturers  of  the  largest  assort- 
ment of  large  and  useful  farm  implements  and  machines  in  the  country.  To  have  room  in 
which  to  do  all  the  work  required  in  supplying  these  to  the  farmers,  they  built  a  subsian- 
stantial  brick  bhick  at  Nos.  14  and  18,  South  Canal  Street,  50x150,  three  storids  high,  where 
they  have  a  mo-t  complete  and  convenient  warehouse  and  offices,  and  can  transact  their 
immense  business  without  delay  or  confusion. 


/^gX^;»^^t^^^'<l     "P^LG  ^sS.-'^We*:-   r  ^...---^^u   .         (2^- 


^*^    ""Setx^X^C/-**.^    (^Z4fto-iy4m^^<.^     -''^t^'*^*:^..^^*^^^ 


l^^-<t- 


0<1^    /     "  //  '..-^, 


I 


RETURN  TO  the  circulation  desl<  of  any 
University  of  California  Ubrary 
or  to  the 
NORTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 
BIdg.  400,  Richmond  Field  Station 
University  of  California 
Richmond,  CA  94804-4698 

ALL  BOOKS  MAY  BE  RECALLED  AFTER  7  DAYS 
.   2-month  loans  may  be  renewed  by  calling 

('510)642-6753  ,    . 

.    1-year  loans  may  be  recharged  by  bringing 

books  to  NRLF 
.   Renewals  and  recharges  may  be  made  4 

days  prior  to  due  date, 


DUE  AS  STAMPED  BELOW 


LDS 


12,000(11/95) 


GENERAL  LIBRARY   U.C.  BERKELEY 


BDDDa3717T 


r 


THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


